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1. A Paradigm for Promoting Visual Synthesis through Freehand Sketching

Author

Lane, Diarmaid, Seery, Niall, and Gordon, Seamus

Abstract

Research (Fish, 2004) suggests that everybody should be taught how to freehand sketch and utilise it as a tool for supporting the visualising instinct. A fundamental shift in philosophy of the technology education system in Ireland towards design driven subjects brought with it a need to develop practising teacher's technological capabilities. This paper is concerned with the exploration and development of freehand sketching as a support tool for visual synthesis and creative discovery during design driven activities. The fundamental hypothesis tested was whether a set of empirically derived activities ranging from observation to imagination, improved the ability of students with novice sketching ability to develop, manipulate and synthesise graphical libraries through the medium of freehand sketching. 124 students of an Initial Technology Teacher Education programme participated in a journey through the activities as part of a third year undergraduate Design and Communication Graphics module. The study was carried out over a four week period, it involved eight hours of classroom based instruction and the sketching ability of all students was measured pre and post-instruction. Results from the study reveal a statistically significant increase in student's ability to freehand sketch with notable improvement in their fluency and ability to synthesise concepts and geometries. Overall, the novel and original activities have a notable effect on student's ability to form, manipulate and synthesise visual information and communicate this through freehand sketching. The model presented has potential to be successively implemented by other teachers in a variety of educational settings and student populations. (Contains 34 figures.)

Published
2010

2. Integrating Assessment and Design Activity in Engineering Education: A Proposed Synthesis of Adaptive Comparative Judgement and the CDIO Framework

Author

Hyland, Tomás, Gordon, Seamus, Canty, Donal, Buckley, Jeffrey, and Seery, Niall

Abstract

One of the leading frameworks in engineering education specifically associated with design based competencies is the CDIO framework. This has been incorporated internationally into many institutions offering engineering education courses. Characterized by four unique stages, the CDIO framework affords an ideal scenario to incorporate a continuous assessment model. This paper presents a proposed synthesis between CDIO and Adaptive Comparative Judgement (ACJ). In particular, the opportunity to provide feedback through the ACJ system is theorized to have potentially positive educational effects. As part of a larger study, this approach is in the process of being refined prior to implementation as a pilot study for feasibility which will ultimately be succeeded by large-scale implementation to determine any potentially positive effect sizes.

Published
2018

4. Student Interests and Undergraduate Performance: The Importance of Student-Course Alignment

Author

Lynch, Raymond, Seery, Niall, and Gordon, Seamus

Abstract

There has been a growing interest in the influences on undergraduate performance in recent years as a result of the increasing diversity of students entering third-level education and an ever increasing emphasis on the development of a robust knowledge economy. This paper investigates the influence of students' dominant interest types and prior academic achievement on undergraduate performance in an Irish university. Holland's Self-Directed Search (SDS) interest inventory was completed by 308 students drawn from three, second year undergraduate programmes in engineering, nursing and teaching. The impact of dominant interest types and prior academic achievement on the performance of these students in their second year was then investigated using correlation and linear regression analyses. When combined, student interests and prior academic achievements were found to account for between 38% and 50% of the variance in undergraduate performance for students in these three undergraduate programmes. (Contains 2 figures, 4 tables and 1 note.)

Published
2011
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5. The Understated Value of Freehand Sketching in Technology Education

Author

Lane, Diarmaid, Seery, Niall, and Gordon, Seamus

Abstract

As education plays such a vital role in economic competitiveness, it is no surprise that the focus for many governments is to invest in educational initiatives. Innovation in pedagogy, refined curriculum and much research into the science of teaching and learning is hoped to promote a knowledge economy. In recent years the Irish education systems have been particularly proactive in the area of technology education. Four new subjects were drafted at Senior Cycle level, all with a common philosophy grounded in design and technology. This clear shift in focus from the traditional craft based subjects to a more creative design-based suite of subjects has brought with it an unprecedented need for continuous professional development. This paper focuses on the shift in skill set from teaching in a predefined drawing mode to that of a conceptual mode that fosters creativity. As technical sketching is a fundamental building block of all design-based activities, it formed the core of this study. Focusing on the learning process under the descriptors of presage, process and product enabled a linear exploration of an otherwise complex dynamic learning experience. Although the perception of innate ability restricts the level of application of many teachers in terms of sketching, it proved a valuable attribute as a comparative criterion when selecting contributors. The study included participants that subjectively claimed an average standard of sketching capabilities and a polar group with a prerequisite mindset governed by the phrase "I cannot sketch". All participants completed a purpose designed five-week course of study. The course included much psychomotor skill development; however the significant value of the course content centred on the cognitive development that progressed from knowledge acquisition to synthesis. The paper concludes by highlighting the value of "Process" based education over the traditional "Product" approach and presents empirical evidence that illustrate enhanced cognitive capabilities of the participants. The use of pre and post intervention data and qualitative commentary validates the suggestion that there is a greater cognitive value to sketching than a completed composition. (Contains 10 figures.)

Published
2009

13. Capturing evidence of metacognitive awareness of pre-service STEM educators' using 'codifying' of thinking through eportfolios (Research-to-Practice) - Strand: Other.

Author

Rowsome, Patrick, Lane, Diarmaid, and Gordon, Seamus

Subjects
ELECTRONIC portfolios in education, PORTFOLIOS in education, METACOGNITION, SELF-perception, PSYCHOLOGY of students
Abstract

The article focuses on a study which explores the implications of a codifying system used through electronic (e)-portfolios to identify students' metacognitive awareness during a design task. Topics discussed include the concept of metacognition, according to John Flavell, the rank of student e-portfolios after the demographic judgement session, and the explanation of the codification of panes in the portfolio.

Published
2014

14. Design of a Novel Diagnostic Tool for Student Performance in Engineering Degree Courses.

Author

LYNCH, RAYMOND, SEERY, NIALL, and GORDON, SEAMUS

Subjects
DIAGNOSTIC tests (Education), ENGINEERING education in universities & colleges, LEARNING, ENGINEERING students
Abstract

This novel diagnostic tool is based on students' performance at second level and the subjects they studied, with their interests and resulting personality types from Holland's Interest Inventory. The intent is to provide an accurate predictor of student performance and in doing so also offer a detailed insight into the influences on student learning outcomes and retention. A greater understanding of the factors influencing student performance can lead to better-informed teaching and learning strategies, the appropriate application of additional support and, as a result, enhanced student learning outcomes and retention. The Self-Directed Search (SDS) interest inventory used in this research is widely regarded as the most contemporary and extensive test available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008

15. Evaluating existing vision systems/software to inform design of a digital twin

Author

Gordon Seamus, Demaria, Stanley, Gordon Seamus, and Demaria, Stanley

Abstract

peer-reviewed, This research was about creating a LEGO sorting system in order to support the proposed library, demonstrating the equipment engineering to junior student and studying a new way to digitalise an object usable for emulation. A state-of-the-art of Industry 4.0 and Digital Twin is developed in this research. The development and programming of the automated sorting system was the first part of the work. Then a study about digitalisation technique was led with statistical methods. Finally, a modelling step to prepare the system emulation was done. The automated system, development by the way of Universal Robotics tools, has been achieved with the limitations of some tools such as the camera. A study about the photogrammetry technology, as substitute for the creation of digital twin products has been led in order to find a new way, more profitable and faster, than using the CAD software. The product and equipment have been modelled as well. It is concluded that the creation of LEGO sorting system was promising considering the limitations and it addressed the equipment engineering process, presented to junior students. Moreover, photogrammetry technology was not a suitable solution yet for creating digital twin products, because of their results. However, new plans, more tests and experiments, and new statistical methods could be performed in order to get more information and data about this technology. Concerning the automated system, the implementations of a smarter automated vision system and a PLC are required to be able to implement a digital twin. The equipment modelling need to be reworked for the emulation phase.

16. Evaluating existing vision systems/software to inform design of a digital twin

Author

Gordon Seamus, Demaria, Stanley, Gordon Seamus, and Demaria, Stanley

Abstract

peer-reviewed, This research was about creating a LEGO sorting system in order to support the proposed library, demonstrating the equipment engineering to junior student and studying a new way to digitalise an object usable for emulation. A state-of-the-art of Industry 4.0 and Digital Twin is developed in this research. The development and programming of the automated sorting system was the first part of the work. Then a study about digitalisation technique was led with statistical methods. Finally, a modelling step to prepare the system emulation was done. The automated system, development by the way of Universal Robotics tools, has been achieved with the limitations of some tools such as the camera. A study about the photogrammetry technology, as substitute for the creation of digital twin products has been led in order to find a new way, more profitable and faster, than using the CAD software. The product and equipment have been modelled as well. It is concluded that the creation of LEGO sorting system was promising considering the limitations and it addressed the equipment engineering process, presented to junior students. Moreover, photogrammetry technology was not a suitable solution yet for creating digital twin products, because of their results. However, new plans, more tests and experiments, and new statistical methods could be performed in order to get more information and data about this technology. Concerning the automated system, the implementations of a smarter automated vision system and a PLC are required to be able to implement a digital twin. The equipment modelling need to be reworked for the emulation phase.

17. Evaluating existing vision systems/software to inform design of a digital twin

Author

Gordon Seamus, Demaria, Stanley, Gordon Seamus, and Demaria, Stanley

Abstract

peer-reviewed, This research was about creating a LEGO sorting system in order to support the proposed library, demonstrating the equipment engineering to junior student and studying a new way to digitalise an object usable for emulation. A state-of-the-art of Industry 4.0 and Digital Twin is developed in this research. The development and programming of the automated sorting system was the first part of the work. Then a study about digitalisation technique was led with statistical methods. Finally, a modelling step to prepare the system emulation was done. The automated system, development by the way of Universal Robotics tools, has been achieved with the limitations of some tools such as the camera. A study about the photogrammetry technology, as substitute for the creation of digital twin products has been led in order to find a new way, more profitable and faster, than using the CAD software. The product and equipment have been modelled as well. It is concluded that the creation of LEGO sorting system was promising considering the limitations and it addressed the equipment engineering process, presented to junior students. Moreover, photogrammetry technology was not a suitable solution yet for creating digital twin products, because of their results. However, new plans, more tests and experiments, and new statistical methods could be performed in order to get more information and data about this technology. Concerning the automated system, the implementations of a smarter automated vision system and a PLC are required to be able to implement a digital twin. The equipment modelling need to be reworked for the emulation phase.

18. Evaluating existing vision systems/software to inform design of a digital twin

Author

Gordon Seamus, Demaria, Stanley, Gordon Seamus, and Demaria, Stanley

Abstract

peer-reviewed, This research was about creating a LEGO sorting system in order to support the proposed library, demonstrating the equipment engineering to junior student and studying a new way to digitalise an object usable for emulation. A state-of-the-art of Industry 4.0 and Digital Twin is developed in this research. The development and programming of the automated sorting system was the first part of the work. Then a study about digitalisation technique was led with statistical methods. Finally, a modelling step to prepare the system emulation was done. The automated system, development by the way of Universal Robotics tools, has been achieved with the limitations of some tools such as the camera. A study about the photogrammetry technology, as substitute for the creation of digital twin products has been led in order to find a new way, more profitable and faster, than using the CAD software. The product and equipment have been modelled as well. It is concluded that the creation of LEGO sorting system was promising considering the limitations and it addressed the equipment engineering process, presented to junior students. Moreover, photogrammetry technology was not a suitable solution yet for creating digital twin products, because of their results. However, new plans, more tests and experiments, and new statistical methods could be performed in order to get more information and data about this technology. Concerning the automated system, the implementations of a smarter automated vision system and a PLC are required to be able to implement a digital twin. The equipment modelling need to be reworked for the emulation phase.

19. Evaluating existing vision systems/software to inform design of a digital twin

Author

Gordon Seamus, Demaria, Stanley, Gordon Seamus, and Demaria, Stanley

Abstract

peer-reviewed, This research was about creating a LEGO sorting system in order to support the proposed library, demonstrating the equipment engineering to junior student and studying a new way to digitalise an object usable for emulation. A state-of-the-art of Industry 4.0 and Digital Twin is developed in this research. The development and programming of the automated sorting system was the first part of the work. Then a study about digitalisation technique was led with statistical methods. Finally, a modelling step to prepare the system emulation was done. The automated system, development by the way of Universal Robotics tools, has been achieved with the limitations of some tools such as the camera. A study about the photogrammetry technology, as substitute for the creation of digital twin products has been led in order to find a new way, more profitable and faster, than using the CAD software. The product and equipment have been modelled as well. It is concluded that the creation of LEGO sorting system was promising considering the limitations and it addressed the equipment engineering process, presented to junior students. Moreover, photogrammetry technology was not a suitable solution yet for creating digital twin products, because of their results. However, new plans, more tests and experiments, and new statistical methods could be performed in order to get more information and data about this technology. Concerning the automated system, the implementations of a smarter automated vision system and a PLC are required to be able to implement a digital twin. The equipment modelling need to be reworked for the emulation phase.

20. Developing sketching expertise within technology education

Author

Seery Niall, Gordon Seamus, Lane, Diarmaid, Seery Niall, Gordon Seamus, and Lane, Diarmaid

Abstract

peer-reviewed, At a time when technological capabilities are perceived to be critical in redefining effective technological education, the introduction of Design and Communication Graphics (DCG) in Irish second level (high) schools has broad implications. Students now have the potential to explore applied geometries, integrated with conceptual thinking in addition to developing essential communication skills. Central to this development is the ability to freehand sketch. Literature concerning freehand sketching (Verstijnen, 1998b) claims that there is a lack of empirically validated models of instruction which promote the development of sketching ability. This research study set out to explore if it was possible to develop the ability to freehand sketch through appropriate instruction and empirically evaluate any development. The study was carried out within Initial Technology Teacher Education (ITTE) and involved over 270 undergraduate students. A number of preliminary studies were carried out to address deficiencies identified in the literature relating to freehand sketching. Using a pre and post test design, the study applied a model of sketching activities which ranged along a continuum from observation to imagination. The effectiveness of the model was examined using various methods (such as visual and verbal protocols (Middleton, 2008)) which captured the tacit and implicit nature of sketching behaviour and cognition. The application of Comparative Pairs (Kimbell, 2008) as an assessment tool for pre and post-instruction conceptual sketches provided a novel method of measuring improvement. It was found that students sketching ability significantly improved as a result of completing the model of activities. The magnitude of improvement was dependent on a number of factors including motivation and previous learning experiences. The model of activities was effective in promoting the ability to use sketching as a communication and problem solving tool. It was found that the model

21. Developing sketching expertise within technology education

Author

Seery Niall, Gordon Seamus, Lane, Diarmaid, Seery Niall, Gordon Seamus, and Lane, Diarmaid

Abstract

peer-reviewed, At a time when technological capabilities are perceived to be critical in redefining effective technological education, the introduction of Design and Communication Graphics (DCG) in Irish second level (high) schools has broad implications. Students now have the potential to explore applied geometries, integrated with conceptual thinking in addition to developing essential communication skills. Central to this development is the ability to freehand sketch. Literature concerning freehand sketching (Verstijnen, 1998b) claims that there is a lack of empirically validated models of instruction which promote the development of sketching ability. This research study set out to explore if it was possible to develop the ability to freehand sketch through appropriate instruction and empirically evaluate any development. The study was carried out within Initial Technology Teacher Education (ITTE) and involved over 270 undergraduate students. A number of preliminary studies were carried out to address deficiencies identified in the literature relating to freehand sketching. Using a pre and post test design, the study applied a model of sketching activities which ranged along a continuum from observation to imagination. The effectiveness of the model was examined using various methods (such as visual and verbal protocols (Middleton, 2008)) which captured the tacit and implicit nature of sketching behaviour and cognition. The application of Comparative Pairs (Kimbell, 2008) as an assessment tool for pre and post-instruction conceptual sketches provided a novel method of measuring improvement. It was found that students sketching ability significantly improved as a result of completing the model of activities. The magnitude of improvement was dependent on a number of factors including motivation and previous learning experiences. The model of activities was effective in promoting the ability to use sketching as a communication and problem solving tool. It was found that the model

22. The effect of high speed machining on the crater wear behaviour of PCBN tools in hard turning

Author

Gordon Seamus, Phelan, P., Lahiff, C., Gordon Seamus, Phelan, P., and Lahiff, C.

Abstract

peer-reviewed, This study investigates the effect of high speed cutting on the crater wear behaviour of PCBN tools in continuous cutting. Turning tests were performed using two PCBN grades, one high CBN content (PCBNH) and one low CBN content (PCBN-L) at two cutting speeds (150 and 300 m/min). The tool life of each grade at both speeds was determined and the associated crater wear progression charts were generated. Examination of the wear surfaces in the SEM was used to study the wear mechanisms. In order to measure crater depth and evaluate the effect of wear on the tool geometry, the cross-section profile of each cutting edge was replicated. As expected, PCBN-L was found to be the most suitable grade for continuous cutting of hardened steel. While it was the most wear resistant grade, it is also the most sensitive to cutting speed. Flank and crater wear increase with increasing cutting speed. The wear behaviour of PCBN-H is very different; flank wear is significant but is not so sensitive to cutting speed. Crater wear decreases with increasing cutting speed. The results of the machining tests in conjunction with analysis of the wear scars suggest that the wear behaviour of PCBN-L is dominated by chemical wear and diffusion with adhesion and abrasion making a secondary contribution. This ranking is reversed for PCBN-H where abrasion and adhesion are the primary wear mechanisms but during high speed cutting, plastic deformation also contributes to the wear process.

29. Evaluating existing vision systems/software to inform design of a digital twin

Author

Demaria, Stanley and Gordon Seamus

Subjects
robotics, equipment engineering, LEGO sorting system, statistical methods
Abstract

peer-reviewed This research was about creating a LEGO sorting system in order to support the proposed library, demonstrating the equipment engineering to junior student and studying a new way to digitalise an object usable for emulation. A state-of-the-art of Industry 4.0 and Digital Twin is developed in this research. The development and programming of the automated sorting system was the first part of the work. Then a study about digitalisation technique was led with statistical methods. Finally, a modelling step to prepare the system emulation was done. The automated system, development by the way of Universal Robotics tools, has been achieved with the limitations of some tools such as the camera. A study about the photogrammetry technology, as substitute for the creation of digital twin products has been led in order to find a new way, more profitable and faster, than using the CAD software. The product and equipment have been modelled as well. It is concluded that the creation of LEGO sorting system was promising considering the limitations and it addressed the equipment engineering process, presented to junior students. Moreover, photogrammetry technology was not a suitable solution yet for creating digital twin products, because of their results. However, new plans, more tests and experiments, and new statistical methods could be performed in order to get more information and data about this technology. Concerning the automated system, the implementations of a smarter automated vision system and a PLC are required to be able to implement a digital twin. The equipment modelling need to be reworked for the emulation phase.

Published
2020

30. Developing sketching expertise within technology education

Author

Lane, Diarmaid, Seery Niall, and Gordon Seamus

Subjects
technological education, study, communication skills, Irish second level
Abstract

peer-reviewed At a time when technological capabilities are perceived to be critical in redefining effective technological education, the introduction of Design and Communication Graphics (DCG) in Irish second level (high) schools has broad implications. Students now have the potential to explore applied geometries, integrated with conceptual thinking in addition to developing essential communication skills. Central to this development is the ability to freehand sketch. Literature concerning freehand sketching (Verstijnen, 1998b) claims that there is a lack of empirically validated models of instruction which promote the development of sketching ability. This research study set out to explore if it was possible to develop the ability to freehand sketch through appropriate instruction and empirically evaluate any development. The study was carried out within Initial Technology Teacher Education (ITTE) and involved over 270 undergraduate students. A number of preliminary studies were carried out to address deficiencies identified in the literature relating to freehand sketching. Using a pre and post test design, the study applied a model of sketching activities which ranged along a continuum from observation to imagination. The effectiveness of the model was examined using various methods (such as visual and verbal protocols (Middleton, 2008)) which captured the tacit and implicit nature of sketching behaviour and cognition. The application of Comparative Pairs (Kimbell, 2008) as an assessment tool for pre and post-instruction conceptual sketches provided a novel method of measuring improvement. It was found that students sketching ability significantly improved as a result of completing the model of activities. The magnitude of improvement was dependent on a number of factors including motivation and previous learning experiences. The model of activities was effective in promoting the ability to use sketching as a communication and problem solving tool. It was found that the model of activities could be delivered by independent teachers. A number of findings relating to students sketching behaviour and cognition were correlated with literature associated with sketching expertise. The study concludes that freehand sketching skill can be developed through appropriate instruction. An empirically tested model of instruction which promotes sketching ability was designed and validated. This has significant implications for the development of pedagogies within Design and Communication Graphics (DCG) and other technology subjects.

Published
2011

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