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The discourse regarding globalisation and particularly ‘global competition’ has appeared in a range of socio-economic areas and higher education is no exception. Global competition has been the policy context in which a range of national excellence initiatives have been developed. These have often involved competitive processes with significant funding as a core incentive for universities to participate. Several countries have implemented these to build ‘World Class Universities’ (WCU) but often this concept is linked to global rankings and a western model of what world class is. The aim of this study is to critically examine the characteristics of China’s WCU policies, particularly as a competition discourse. It aims to go beyond Western-centric paradigms to capture a more inclusive and diverse understanding of competitive dynamics across various cultural and regional contexts. The article first draws upon critical globalisation studies, then it reviews ‘indigenous’ Chinese policy concepts of ‘world class-ness’ in HE, next it examines the construction of higher education (HE) competition in the Chinese national and institutional contexts, and finally it conducts a thematic review of the main Chinese WCU policies and the strategy and implementation documents of the ‘core’ WCU institutions with respect to the indigenous concepts. Our study’s findings will contribute to a nuanced understanding of competition in HE settings – it examines and challenges the tendency of the competition discourse to reduce distinctions between national contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global tourism competition has entered home and family space. Drawing upon ethnographic research in Guatemala, this paper investigates the postcolonial gendered politics that shape (and are shaped by) global tourism competition, homestays, and mothering labour. It shows how Guatemalan women turn to hosting as an economic strategy and, in doing so, become part of a complex power relationship between Spanish schools and their (primarily Western) language tourists (or ‘students’). Spanish schools only work with ‘host-mums’ deemed capable of meeting their students’ needs, desires, and expectations of homestays as affordable, enjoyable, pedagogical experiences of ‘real’ family. To achieve this, Guatemalan women become cosmopolitan, competitive subjects who devise and enact strategies to commodify, transform, and perform their mothering labour and homes/families in ways that appeal to their Western students. Far beyond creating desirable touristic experiences, the everyday competitive mothering of tourists is having widespread consequences at the personal, local, and global levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the nuanced landscape of cloud computing adoption within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in the dynamic field of e-commerce. As businesses increasingly turn to cloud solutions to enhance their operational efficiency and competitiveness, examining the distinct challenges and opportunities faced by SMEs in contrast to larger enterprises is imperative. The research delves into the specific nuances that differentiate cloud computing practices between SMEs and explores the impact of these differences on their e-commerce operations. This study aims to provide valuable insights into optimising cloud strategies tailored to SMEs' unique needs and constraints in the e-commerce domain through a comprehensive analysis of case studies, empirical data, and industry trends. Ultimately, the research seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of the evolving landscape of cloud computing in the context of SMEs, offering practical implications for enhancing their digital infrastructure and fostering sustainable growth in the ever-evolving e-commerce landscape. In order to thrive in the current competitive landscape, small and medium-sized enterprises must adjust to the realities of Internet commerce. In essence, the issue is SMEs need more access to financing, which limits their ability to compete. Due to the SMEs' current circumstances, it is now essential for them to open markets through e-commerce, which has made a more reliable digital platform necessary. In today's competitive economy, going up to international markets is no longer required; SMEs should be able to complete tasks faster. The fundamentals of information systems for SMEs, which will serve as the foundation in this direction, are financial and understood in the sense that SMEs ought to be compelled to use them. Cloud computing for SME e-commerce aims to clarify the need in this research setting. Cloud computing platforms' benefits to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are becoming increasingly important.

Copyright of Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of the Faculty of Political Science / Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of The Faculty of Political Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines the theoretical foundations of international security and regime theory that lay strict conditions for the creation of international regimes to explain the nature of the cyber conflict and the reasons that prevent the creation of a global regime for cybersecurity. This article analyzes the cybersecurity concerns and interests of the world's leading powers in cyberspace--China, Russia, the European Union, and the United States--based on some key cybersecurity issues in dispute, inter alia, information sovereignty, militarization of cyberspace, and their politics of cyber norms. The article suggests that the absence of a dominant hegemon in the international system, and the perception of cyberspace not only as a domain that increases vulnerabilities and threats, but also as a domain for gaining a strategic advantage, does not meet the theoretical premises for the creation of an international regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The decline of international competitiveness of European companies began in the early 1970s and since then there has been no reversal of the trend. In recent years, also due to the growing concentration of investments caused by the 'Oversize Economy' (Brondoni, 2019), the degree of technological advancement of Europe, the United States and China has lost all relationship with the size of their respective Gross National Product. In fact, investments in technology grow when the resources of a large developed or developing market are coordinated by a system of large corporations and finalized by a policy of applied research put at the service of a design capable of mobilizing the resources of an entire country.

Cost analysis is a method to enhance the costs efficiency by evaluating the corporate profitability. In today business environment of global competition, war pressures, new markets and demographics, firms are changing their approach to cost control. In fact, the strategic cost analysis provides useful information for the short and long-term decision-making in order to achieve the growth corporate goals. In the current phase of global competition (Global Shortage Management) corporations must adapt their strategic cost analysis (Value Analysis, Value Engineering or Value Management) to specific competitive policies adopted in certain markets, which may concern 'Planned Obsolescence', 'Total Quality Management (TQM)' or 'Zero Defects Productions' objectives

In this paper, we review the literature on industrial ecosystems and EU Taxonomy of sustainable activities. We then measure the size, dynamics and specialisation of the industrial ecosystems in Italy - as defined by the European Commission. Subsequently, we try to assess how much different sectors will be involved in the Taxonomy of sustainable activities: Manufacturing, Transportation, Electricity and Water Supply are those strongly involved in terms of employees. EU Taxonomy will radically change in the near future the financial reporting requirements and strategic management actions in the corporate system towards green transition. Firms need to improve their level of knowledge of the Taxonomy and identify suitable actions in order to align with it.

Firms in developed countries frequently struggle with low-cost foreign competition. This is somewhat perplexing given the historical advantages firms have in developed countries. We examine how these firms respond to market entry by low-cost foreign competitors. Their responses and outcomes vary depending on the government's degree of intervention. Using the global steel industry as an example, the awareness, motivation, capability (AMC) framework is used to structure firm decision-making. We find that applying the AMC suggests that firm responses depend on government trade interventions, thus recommending firms and their governments integrate their efforts to enhance beneficial outcomes for firms and society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article demonstrates that the current rivalry between economic-political power blocs has similarities and differences concerning the period before WW1. That phenomenon is relevant because the last ten years have witnessed a growing rivalry in different orders between East Asia, led by China and Russia, and the West, led by the United States and its allies. The text compares the similarities and differences of these two historical moments in a historical framework, using historical and documentary bibliographic information. The main conclusion is that there is a rivalry for institutionality and future governance, something that was absent in the early nineteenth century, in which liberal theses and territorial imperialism predominated. The constitution of the BRICS+ (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and the newly incorporated countries) constitutes a challenge in the consolidation of a new multipolar governance, a new phenomenon, and therefore, a geopolitical challenge for the construction of a new global order that replaces a single hegemonic power such as the one that occurred at the end of the WWII. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's world, globalization and digital technologies are significantly transforming the landscape of international trade. Digital transformation has become a critical aspect that determines the competitiveness of countries and businesses in the international arena. The study aims to identify the impact of the digitalization of international trade on the economic development of countries and their competitiveness based on technological innovations that determine the future of global competition at the country and company levels, affect trade processes, and identify and justify investment priorities to support digital transformation in Ukraine. The study analyzes the impact of the digitalization of international trade on the economic development of countries, which is caused by the digital divide between developed and least developed countries (LDCs). Developed countries are characterized by Internet coverage and access of more than 90%, as opposed to LDCs, where the corresponding figure is less than 20%. Given the current conditions of access to the Internet, the countries of the latter group are not able to be fully involved in e-commerce and cross-border trade in digital products. An additional barrier to developing digital commerce in certain regions of the world is the need for more legislation on various ecommerce trade issues. The impact of the war in Ukraine on the e-commerce market is determined: the ecommerce market declined 12 times in 2022 compared to the pre-war period and began to recover gradually in 2023. The market is expected to recover almost fully in Ukraine by the end of 2023 or early 2024. The main challenge for Ukraine will be to expand the scope of the existing free trade agreements to cover services, e-commerce, and investment. Ukraine should become a significant player in several global markets for services and digital products, given the availability of an updated regulatory framework on these issues. E-commerce is expected to grow rapidly after the end of the war in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the relationship between human capital and global competition in OECD countries was analyzed. In the application part of the study, a panel data set was established for 18 OECD countries for which healthy data could be reached with the data obtained from the World Economic Forum (WEF) and Penn World Table (PWT) databases. The period of the study is the period of 2004-2018. As a result of the application, it was determined that there is a bilateral causality relationship in the short run between the Human Capital Index and the Global Competitiveness Index.

In today's world, globalization and digital technologies are significantly transforming the landscape of international trade. Digital transformation has become a critical aspect that determines the competitiveness of countries and businesses in the international arena. The study aims to identify the impact of the digitalization of international trade on the economic development of countries and their competitiveness based on technological innovations that determine the future of global competition at the country and company levels, affect trade processes, and identify and justify investment priorities to support digital transformation in Ukraine. The study analyzes the impact of the digitalization of international trade on the economic development of countries, which is caused by the digital divide between developed and least developed countries (LDCs). Developed countries are characterized by Internet coverage and access of more than 90%, as opposed to LDCs, where the corresponding figure is less than 20%. Given the current conditions of access to the Internet, the countries of the latter group are not able to be fully involved in e-commerce and cross-border trade in digital products. An additional barrier to developing digital commerce in certain regions of the world is the need for more legislation on various e-commerce trade issues. The impact of the war in Ukraine on the e-commerce market is determined: the e-commerce market declined 12 times in 2022 compared to the pre-war period and began to recover gradually in 2023. The market is expected to recover almost fully in Ukraine by the end of 2023 or early 2024. The main challenge for Ukraine will be to expand the scope of the existing free trade agreements to cover services, e-commerce, and investment. Ukraine should become a significant player in several global markets for services and digital products, given the availability of an updated regulatory framework on these issues. E-commerce is expected to grow rapidly after the end of the war in Ukraine.

The continuation of the war in Ukraine and the appearance of the BRICS+ have consolidated some critical issues that appeared at the beginning of the war, including the rise in the prices of energy and food raw materials. In global markets, companies are nowadays exposed to a fierce competition and new socio-environmental forces on a vast scale. For global companies, the ongoing geopolitical changes increase corporate and network profit risks, but also represent new, great opportunities for corporate management on long-term trends.

The Russian-Ukrainian war introduced new elements into the strategic management of large global corporations. Recently, the marketplace of international companies has found a specific growth element, defined in the so-called BRICS+, that is changing competitive horizons and developing new models of management. In global markets, the managerial economics imposes an adaptive policy of corporate social responsibility, dominated by economic sustainability and eco-responsibility, with corporate conduct that is not always truthful and effective. From the beginning of 2010s and up to these 2020 years, a fifth phase of globalization (Competitive Landscapes Globalization) produced a structural change of competitive horizons, with policies of innovation and imitation focused on oversize management, the obsessive task of cost reductions, the worldwide localization of productions based on alliances, joint ventures and accords, that have developed multi-polar network organizations.

The Russian-Ukrainian War introduced new elements into the strategic assessments of large global corporations, changing competitive horizons and developing new models of competition. The impact of the recent BRICS expansion on the global corporations management and on the growth of sustainability goals reflects a growing global new competitive landscape that places global corporations in a delicate position as a possible counterweight to the EU, to the U.S and to the Asian World.

This study reviews whether award-winning firms show improved performance and receive a positive reaction from the market in accordance with theoretical expectations. The market anticipates that award winners and certified firms will achieve more positive performance compared to other firms within an industry. However, the existing literature shows inconsistent results. As the authors of this study, we attempt to assess whether being awarded or receiving certification adequately compensates the firm’s efforts to obtain such achievements. Furthermore, we strive to provide the rationale to explain why the results of previous studies are inconsistent. Finally, we offer four propositions to effectively investigate the association between such achievements and the reactions of the market and the firm's performance.

This study takes the triple bottom-line perspective to compare the communications of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in some of world’s top automakers’ mission statements and the CEO’s introductory letters to annual CSR reports before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Content analysis based on Text Network Analysis (TNA) approach was deployed to examine the central messages and sub-themes of these documents based on CSR goals, time-orientation, and stakeholder groups, and then statistically compared within and among companies. Results reveal that Automakers’ mission statements collectively emphasized profit and customers, whereas CSR letters prioritized planet, people, and general society. As the pandemic progressed, the emphasis on people increased, indicating that organizations shifted their CSR focus towards supporting employees and local communities. However, the attention to profit and planet goals remained constant during the studied period.

The article is a book review of "Competition in World Politics: Knowledge, Strategies and Institutions" edited by Daniela Russ and James Stafford. The reviewer, Selin Ece Güner, criticizes the editors' approach to international relations, particularly their claim that competition is a central organizing principle of modern world politics. Güner finds their summary of IR literature inadequate and points out misunderstandings or unclear explanations. The reviewer also comments on the lack of a common theme in the book's sections and suggests that the introduction should be rewritten and the articles better organized. However, Güner praises the third section of the book, titled "Competition and Emergent Technologies," for its contributions to the study of competition in world politics. [Extracted from the article]

Currently, the challenges facing education include the quantity and quality development to globally competition, as well as producing human resources. Therefore, it is important to educate the younger generation, specifically high school students to become imaginative and creative. This systematic review aimed to focus on internet searching of entrepreneurship context related to character-in-making. The data were collected from three major databases i.e., google Scholar, Sinta, and Scopus database. The results showed that online learning help to shape students' character or behavior to promote entrepreneurial spirit. The results of this research also showed that institutional stakeholders easily select, sort, and compare the quality of applications. Nevertheless, the application or software is beneficial to children in terms of teaching and educating. From a commercial perspective, this software is beneficial because it provides income through purchase or rent. This qualitative descriptive study implies and highlights within its limitation that the emergence of entrepreneurs tends to improve the learning quality and the community economy. And there tend to be needed for educational facilities or software which affects the number of entrepreneurs engaged in teaching.

Copyright of TESAM Academy Journal is the property of Tesam Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International & Comparative Education is the property of International & Comparative Education Editorial, Beijing Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Security Studies / Güvenlik Calışmalari Dergisi is the property of Turkish National Police Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With COVID-19, many businesses have failed, while other industries and corporations have seen profits increase, and are likely to continue to do so post-pandemic, in line with the trend of the oversize economy. Coronavirus 2019 has caused a major economic shock, in addition to its tremendous impact on global health, pushing the biggest corporations towards an outburst of the new, basic drivers of global capitalism (Health; Energy; Food; Communication). That is, the pillars of global competition that start from an oversize management in order to fix the competitive landscapes of large corporations.

The attitude of large companies towards the issue of sustainability has evolved considerably over time. In a first phase sustainability was seen as a necessary evil. Today, in global markets, the financial world seeks and rewards sustainable companies. In global competition, the companies’ results cannot be evaluated just in terms of value generated for the shareholders profit: the shared value generated has become the key factor for success. Globalization is not a policy managed by human forces, but it’s a condition of life for humans on this planet. In line with this assumption the aim of this series of articles, dedicated to sustainable management, is to analyse the recent global findings related to the sustainability issues, in topics like communication, human capital, intangible factors, small and large enterprises, retail and fashion, as well as in well-being orientation.

Health and safety in the workplace should be an integral part of any sustainable organization, regardless of its size, sector and geographical sphere of operations. To ensure and maintain a healthy and safe work environment, companies should constantly identify and prevent all factors that could provoke work-related injuries and diseases. In particular, in today’s rapidly changing context, companies should carefully consider not only the traditional risks to the employees’ health and safety, but also the emerging ones associated with the ecological transition, the increasing digitalization of business processes, and the impact of climate change on working conditions. Adopting a theoretical approach, this study aims at explaining the relationship between occupational health and safety and corporate sustainable success.

We empirically investigate the simultaneous relationship between the various types of intangible assets and their effects on eco-innovation adoption through a sample of Italian manufacturing firms. The results highlight a positive influence of the intangibles on the likelihood to invest in eco-innovation. We observe, when focusing on the human capital, that while investments in only employee training only directly affect eco-innovation, the investments in management training for new business models indirectly influence eco-innovations by triggering the other intangible assets (R&D and intellectual property, Organizational capital, Open innovation).

Research aim: The present study explored the trends in the global competition results of the 800-m event over the past two decades. The study tested the hypothesis that slow tactical racing has been less frequently pursued at the global competitions of the past years than previously. Materials and method: The sample included competitors participating in the World Championships and Olympic Games held between 1999 and 2021, including 16 men's events and 13 women's events (N = 1000). The data analysis focused on the results and seasonal bests (SB) of those proceeding from the two qualifying rounds by rank or result (Q; q) and of medal winners of the finals. Furthermore, the two indices were combined into a percentage SB index (%SB) for each participant. Mean comparisons between male and female competitors and between medal winners and nonwinners were conducted with independent samples t-tests. The possible trends in the competitors' results were explored with polynomial trendlines fitted to the observed data. Results: Neither of the three indices showed an improving trend over the past two decades among either men or women. Those proceeding from the qualifying rounds and medal winners gradually approached their best performance in each round, reaching peak performance in the finals (%SB: Qualifying rounds: Men: 98.35±0.41%; Women: 98.31±0.80%; Semifinals: Men: 99.10±0.60%; Women: 99.52±0.89%; Finals: Men: 99.45±1.07%; Women: 100.04±1.07%). Conclusions: No improving trend is observable in performance at the global 800-m competitions of the past two decades. Competitors gradually approach their best performance in each round, reaching peak performance in the finals. This is probably due to the three-round procedure of global competitions held over the past two decades. In the finals, men are equally likely to pursue slow tactical racing (2000, 2009, 2021) and to achieve new records (1999, 2012, 2016, 2019), whereas women are less likely to engage in slow tactical racing (except in 2003 and 2005). All those competing in the finals possess highly equal skills, thus pursuing adequate racing tactics is indispensable for medal winning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]