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1. Are fisheries regulations influencing the biology and reproduction of the surmullet Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758 on the south-eastern coasts of France (NW Mediterranean)?

Author

Bănaru, Daniela, Le Diréach, Laurence, Crest, Guillaume, Tenaille, Melissa, Harmelin-Vivien, Mireille, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-19-CE34-0001,CONTAMPUMP,Plancton: pompe biologique de contaminants dans les écosystèmes marins (CONTAMPUMP)?(2019), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), FEAMP, Banaru, Daniela, and Plancton: pompe biologique de contaminants dans les écosystèmes marins (CONTAMPUMP)? - - CONTAMPUMP2019 - ANR-19-CE34-0001 - AAPG2019 - VALID

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, indice gonado-somatique, Mullus surmuletus, gonado-somatic index, Port-Cros marine protected area, indice corporel relatif, gonadal development stages, total length and weight, North-Western Mediterranean, stades de développement des gonades, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, [SDV.SA.STP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Sciences and technics of fishery, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Mullus surmuletus, Total length and weight, Relative body condition, Gonadosomatic index, Gonadal development stages, Port-Cros marine protected area, North-Western Mediterranean, longueur et poids totaux, relative body condition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Méditerranée nord-occidentale, Aire marine protégée de Port-Cros
Abstract

The surmullet Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758 is one of the main target and high valuespecies for small coastal fisheries in the North-Western Mediterranean. Morphometric andreproduction indices of surmullet were determined in fisheries regulated and non-regulatedzones neighbouring the Port-Cros National Park (South-Eastern France) in autumn 2019 andspring 2020. Total length of individuals ranged between 12 and 32 cm, with a mode (?)between 17 and 23 cm. Significantly larger individuals were measured in the regulated fishingzones than in non-regulated ones, and in autumn rather than in spring. Females dominated inall zones and seasons, particularly in size classes > 24 cm in spring. Higher gonado-somaticindex and more advanced gonadal development stages were observed in both sexes in springthan in autumn. Higher percentages of individuals with mature gonads and high gonado-somatic index were found in the fisheries regulated zone, engendering a higher reproductivepotential. These results highlighted the importance of fisheries management with regard to thelife-history traits of targeted fish species., Le rouget de roche Mullus surmuletus est l'une des principales espèces cibles etcommerciales des pêcheries côtières artisanales de la Méditerranée nord-occidentale. Lamorphométrie et les indices de reproduction du rouget ont été déterminés dans les zones depêche réglementées et non réglementées autour du Parc National de Port-Cros (Sud-Est de laFrance) à l'automne 2019 et au printemps 2020. La longueur totale des individus variait entre12 et 32 cm, avec un mode entre 17 et 23 cm. Des individus significativement plus grands ontété mesurés dans la zone de pêche réglementée comparativement aux zones non réglementées,et en automne par rapport au printemps. Les femelles dominaient dans toutes les zones etsaisons, en particulier dans les classes de taille > 24 cm au printemps. Un indice gonado-somatique plus élevé et des stades de développement gonadiques plus avancés au printempsqu’en automne ont été observés chez les deux sexes. Des pourcentages plus élevés d'individusavec des gonades matures et un indice gonado-somatique élevé ont été trouvés dans la zone depêche réglementée, induisant un plus fort potentiel reproducteur. Ces résultats mettent enévidence l'importance de la gestion des pêches sur les traits d'histoire de vie des espèces depoissons ciblés.

Published
2022
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2. Megabenthic assemblages on bathyal escarpments off the west Corsican margin (Western Mediterranean)

Author

Nadine Le Bris, Pierre Chevaldonné, Jordi Grinyó, Thomas Schohn, Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des environnements benthiques (LECOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), GIS Posidonie, and Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Three-dimensional photogrammetry, Marine litter, Biodiversity, Submarine canyon, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Bathyal zone, Bathyal, Mediterranean sea, Marine debris, Benthic biocoenoses, media_common.cataloged_instance, 14. Life underwater, European union, media_common, Canyon, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 15. Life on land, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Geology, Lebensspuren
Abstract

International audience; Deep-sea environments in the Mediterranean Sea have been widely degraded over the past decades and thus there is an urgent need to implement protection measures. Within European Union's Mediterranean waters vast extensions of the deep-sea ecologically relevant ecosystems have been protected by integrating them to the Natura 2000 network. Inside the French Exclusive Economic Zone, this network is currently expanding to off-shore areas, beyond 12 nautical miles. In this study, we characterized megabenthic biodiversity on target features located inside a designed site of the south west Corsican margin, particularly on a volcanic promontory on the south flank of the Ajaccio submarine canyon and a wall of the Valinco Canyon, between 1690 and 2250 m depth. By means of a fine scale three-dimensional photogrammetric analysis, four megabenthic assemblages segregated by substrate were identified. Hard substrate assemblages were characterized by the presence of sponges, polychaetes, gastropods and the squat lobster Munida tenuimana while soft sediment assemblages were characterized by the elpidiid holothurian Penilpidia ludwigi and an unidentified sabellid. Highest densities were registered on serpulid thanatocoenoses, which hosted widespread patches of an unidentified encrusting sponge. Lebensspuren had a diverse origin likely deriving from the activity of epibenthic, infaunal and bathypelagic organisms. In general, litter was not abundant at these offshore sites: in the Valinco site, it had both a marine and land-based origin while at the even more offshore Ajaccio site, it was mainly marine based. More extensive surveys would be advisable to confirm this trend. This study provides new insight on the ecology and diversity of Mediterranean deep-sea environments in the 2000 m bathymetric zone, highlighting the enduring knowledge gap surrounding orographically complex deep-sea escarpments in the basin.

Published
2021
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3. Expansion of Mnemiopsis leidyi in the French Mediterranean lagoons along the Gulf of Lion

Author

Guillaume Marchessaux, Bruno Belloni, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), See The Sea Production, Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and GIS Posidonie

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Mediterranean lagoons, Population, Context (language use), Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, invasive species, Abundance (ecology), education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, geography, education.field_of_study, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, invasive species Mediterranean lagoons ctenophores spatial dsitribution, Mnemiopsis, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, spatial dsitribution, Estuary, biology.organism_classification, Habitat, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ctenophores, Channel (geography)
Abstract

The ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 originates from estuaries and coastal waters along Atlantic coastlines from the Chesapeake Bay, USA, to Argentina. Through ballast waters, the species has spread the past 30 years over Eurasia. On the French Mediterranean coastlines, Mnemiopsis leidyi was first formally identified in the Berre Lagoon in 2005 and has been episodically present in other Mediterranean lagoons as Bages-Sigean, Vaccares, and Estomac. Since 2010–2011 no update of the distribution of Mnemiopsis leidyi has been made. Since 2019, many records of Mnemiopsis leidyi have been reported in other French Mediterranean lagoons along the coast of the Gulf of Lion. In this context, a field survey on the French Mediterranean coast was conducted in July 2020 to measure the expansion of the Mnemiopsis population in coastal lagoons which are potential refuge habitats for this species. Mnemiopsis leidyi was present in 8 different areas: Or, Perols, Vic, Ingril, Rhone-Sete Channel, Bages-Sigean, and Salses-Leucate. We were able to quantify for the first time the abundance and size structure of Mnemiopsis in the lagoons of Or, Perols, Vic, Ingril, Rhone-Sete Channel, and Salses-Leucate. A decrease in the abundance of Mnemiopsis leidyi was observed from 1 ind m−3 (Ingril Lagoon) to 28 ind m−3 (Grec Lagoon) and 42 ind m−3 (Rhone-Sete Channel) between the North and the South along the Rhone-Sete Channel in parallel to the increase of salinity (from 20 to 41). The abundances measured in Bages-Sigean and Salses-Leucate lagoons were similar: 6 ind m−3 and 7 ind m−3 respectively.

Published
2021
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4. The Management of Mediterranean Coastal Habitats: A Plea for a Socio-ecosystem-Based Approach

Author

Mireille Harmelin-Vivien, Daniel Faget, Thierry Thibaut, Thomas Changeux, Jean Blanchot, Richard Sempéré, Sandrine Ruitton, Vanina Pasqualini, Charles-François Boudouresque, Marc Pagano, Adrien Goujard, Aurelie Blanfuné, Francois Carlotti, Daniela Bănaru, Michèle Perret-Boudouresque, Elodie Rouanet, Delphine Thibault, Patrick Astruch, Laurence Le Direach, Diversité, évolution et écologie fonctionnelle marine (DIMAR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UR CYROCO (IRD/ARVAM), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), GIS Posidonie, Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Ecologie Marine et BIOdiversité (EMBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Biologique (LOPB), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Temps, espaces, langages Europe méridionale-Méditerranée (TELEMME), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Réunion]), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICEMASA, University of Cape Town, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Hubert-Jean Ceccaldi, Yves Hénocque, Teruhisa Komatsu, Patrick Prouzet, Benoit Sautour, and Jiro Yoshida

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biodiversity, Mediterranean, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Marine ecosystem, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biodiversity, Abiotic component, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Pelagic zone, 15. Life on land, environmentalist lobbies, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Habitat, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, socio-ecosystem, management, Global biodiversity
Abstract

International audience; Biodiversity is often defined erroneously as the number of species. The higher the number of species, the better the status or the health of a habitat is considered to be. Managers, stakeholders and environmentalists worldwide often prioritize the ‘species approach’. The protection of an iconic and endearing species is obviously easier than that of tiny zooplankton species, although the latter may play a far more important role than the former in the functioning of healthy ecosystems. The species approach has been widely favoured compared to the ecosystem approach. However, ‘species-by-species’ management is unrealistic. The problem is that the management of natural habitats is often driven by environmentalist lobbies on the basis of taxonomy (e.g. mammals, turtles, birds, iconic fish, flowering plants, etc.) and disciplinary lobbies (biology, benthos, pelagos, contaminants, currents, etc.). Ecosystems are units of biological and spatial organization that include all the organisms, their interactions, the functional compartments they belong to, along with the components of the abiotic environment. The concept of the socio-ecosystem is useful insofar as it emphasizes the fact that man is part of ecosystems. Here, the authors make use of four case studies, in the Mediterranean Sea, in an attempt to demonstrate the interest of a comprehensive, socio-ecosystem-based approach in the field of environmental management. They also highlight the importance of tackling the coupling between benthic and pelagic ecosystems and between terrestrial and marine ecosystems.

Published
2020
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5. Unpublished Mediterranean records of marine alien and cryptogenic species

Author

Maria Zotou, Hasan Cerim, Rossana Sanfilippo, Luca Castriota, Monica Montefalcone, Pierre Noel, Joxe Mikel Garmendia, Alice Lodola, Mohamed Mourad Ben Amor, Jorge Terrados, Mohamed Hédi Ktari, Giorgos Chatzigeorgiou, Konstantinos Tsirintanis, Vincenzo Di Martino, Julian Evans, Ernesto Azzurro, Françoise Monniot, Gérard Pergent, Emna Soufi-Kechaou, Sercan Yapıcı, Domen Trkov, Anna Maria Mannino, Ante Žunec, Alan Deidun, Jamila Rizgalla, Joseph A. Borg, Joaquim Garrabou, Antonietta Rosso, Ana Fortič, Maïa Fourt, Ali Türker, Martina Orlando-Bonaca, Nikos Doumpas, Stelios Katsanevakis, Charalampos Dimitriadis, Murat Bilecenoglu, Soultana Tsioli, Dimitrios Damalas, Paraskevi K. Karachle, Markos Digenis, Fiona Tomas, Gianni Insacco, Free Espinosa, Periklis Kleitou, Shevy B.S. Rothman, Manuela Falautano, Arthur R. Bos, Ergün Taşkın, Hocein Bazairi, Maria Sini, Ioanna Kosma, Patrick J. Schembri, Jorge Santamaría, Dimitris Poursanidis, Miraine Rizzo, Grigorios Skouradakis, Demetris Kletou, Melih Ertan Çinar, Razy Hoffman, Luigi Piazzi, Carla Morri, Konstantinos Tsiamis, Borut Mavrič, Agnese Marchini, Michail Ragkousis, Ioannis Giovos, Halit Filiz, Francesco Tiralongo, Jonathan Tempesti, Andrés Izquierdo Muñoz, Najib El Ouamari, Bruno Zava, Rym Zakhama-Sraieb, Paolo G. Albano, Omar Inglese, A. Siapatis, Mehmet Fatih Huseyinoglu, Sotiris Orfanidis, Raül Golo, Angela Bartolo, C. Stamouli, Alfonso A. Ramos-Esplá, Paolo Balistreri, Yassine-Ramzi Sghaier, Mohamed Selfati, Faten Khamassi, Said Benhissoune, Fabio Crocetta, Emma Cebrian, Cristina Linares, Vasilis Gerovasileiou, Anna Occhipinti-Ambrogi, Carlo Nike Bianchi, Khadija Ounifi Ben Amor, Jana Verdura, Christine Pergent, Marc Verlaque, Emmanouil Andriotis, Mouna Rifi, Laura Royo, Jamila Ben Souissi, Thanos Dailianis, Michel Bariche, Maria Cristina Gambi, Louis Hadjioannou, Enric Ballesteros, Raouia Ghanem, Fabio Badalamenti, Stefanos Kalogirou, Emilio Mancuso, Martina Gaglioti, Carlo Pipitone, Lovrenc Lipej, Wafa Rjiba-Bahri, Nikolas Michailidis, Carlos Jiménez, Orestis Papadakis, Jasmine Ferrario, Eleni Kytinou, Jeanne Zaouali, Joachim Langeneck, María Josefa Mosteiro García, Sami Karaa, Argyro Zenetos, Ya’arit Levitt-Barmats, Ivan Cvitković, Ege Üniversitesi, European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), AZTI - Tecnalia, American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Faculty of Science, Department of Biology (UNIVERSITY OF MALTA), University of Malta [Malta], Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Dept. of 'Ecologia del Territorio', Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Physics, Cyprus University of Technology, Faculté des sciences [Rabat], Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal], Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratorio di Ecologia (CNR-IAMC), CNRS-IAMC, Laboratoire de Modélisation en Hydraulique et Environnement [Tunis] (LR-LMHE ENIT), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis (ENIT), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Fondazione IRCCS Instituto Nazionale dei Tumori [Milan, Italy], Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Biología Marina, Katsanevakis, S, Poursanidis, D, Hoffman, R, Rizgalla, J, Bat-Sheva Rothman, S, Levitt-Barmats, Y, Hadjioannou, L, Trkov, D, Mikel Garmendia, J, Rizzo, M, Bartolo, AG, Bariche, M, Tomas, F, Kleitou, P, Schembri, PJ, Kletou, D, Tiralongo, F, Pergent, C, Pergent, G, Azzurro, E, Bilecenoglu, M, Lodola, A, Ballesteros, E, Gerovasileiou, V, Verlaque, M, Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A, Kytinou, E, Dailianis, T, Ferrario, J, Crocetta, F, Jimenez, C, Evans, J, Ragkousis, M, Lipej, L, Borg, JA, Dimitriadis, D, Chatzigeorgiou, G, Albano, PG, Kalogirou, S, Bazairi, H, Espinosa, F, Ben Souissi, J, Tsiamis, K, Badalamenti, F, Langeneck, J, Noel, P, Deidun, A, Marchini, A, Skouradakis, G, Royo, L, Sini, M, Nike Bianchi, C, Sghaier, YR, Ghanem, R, Doumpas, N, Zaouali, J, Tsirintanis, K, Papadakis, O, Morri, C, Çinar, ME, Terrados, J, Insacco, G, Zava, B, Soufi-Kechaou, E, Piazzi, L, Ounifi Ben Amor, K, Andriotis, E, Gambi, MC, Ben Amor, MM, Garrabou, J, Linares, C, Fortič, A, Digenis, M, Cebrian, E, Fourt, M, Zotou, M, Castriota, L, Di Martino, V, Rosso, A, Pipitone, C, Falautano, M, García, M, Zakhama-Sraieb, R, Khamassi, F, Mannino, AM, Ktari, MH, Kosma, I, Rifi, M, Karachle, PK, Yapıcı, S, Bos, AR, Balistreri, P, Ramos Esplá, AA, Tempesti, J, Inglese, O, Giovos, I, Damalas, D, Benhissoune, S, Huseyinoglu, MF, Rjiba-Bahri, W, Santamaría, J, Orlando-Bonaca, M, Izquierdo, A, Stamouli, C, Montefalcone, M, Cerim, H, Golo, R, Tsioli, S, Orfanidis, S, Michailidis, N, Gaglioti, M, Taşkın, E, Mancuso, E, Žunec, A, Cvitković, I, Filiz, H, Sanfilippo, R, Siapatis, A, Mavrič, B, Karaa, S, Türker, A, Monniot, F, Verdura, J, El Ouamari, N, Selfati, M, Zenetos, A, Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, Lofos Panepistimiou, Mytilene, 81100, Greece, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Remote Sensing lab, N. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion, 70013, Greece, The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Israel National Center for Biodiversity Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, School of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel, Department of Fisheries and Marine Research, 101 Vithleem Str., Strovolos, Nicosia, 1416, Cyprus, Enalia Physis Environmental Research Centre, Acropoleos 2, Aglantzia, Nicosia, 2101, Cyprus, Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornace 41, Piran, 6330, Slovenia, Mediterranean Institute of Advanced Studies, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), C/ Miquel Marquès, 21, Esporles, 07190, Spain, AZTI, Marine Research Division, Herrera kaia, Portualdea z/g, Pasaia, 20110, Spain, ERA, Hexagon House, Spencer Hill, Marsa, MRS 1441, Malta, Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, 11-0236, Lebanon, Marine & Environmental Research (MER) Lab, 202 Amathountos Av, Marina Gardens, Block B, Off. 13-14, Limassol, Cyprus, Department of Biology, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Corso Italia, 57, Catania, 95129, Italy, EqEL, FRES 3041 – UMR 6134, University of Corsica, BP 52, Corte, 20250, France, Italian National Research Council (CNR-IRBIM), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, Ancona, AN 60125, Italy, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, 09010, Turkey, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy, Centre d´Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Catalonia, Spain, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, P.O. Box 2214, Heraklion, 71003, Greece, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (UMR_D 235 MIO) & GIS Posidonie, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, 13288, France, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, 80121, Italy, National Marine Park of Zakynthos, El Venizelou1, Zakynthos Island, 29100, Greece, Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, A-1090, Austria, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Hydrobiological Station of Rhodes, Rhodes, 85100, Greece, BioBio Research Center, BioEcoGen Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, B.P. 1014 RP, Rabat, 10106, Morocco, Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes 6, Sevilla, 41012, Spain, University Tunis El Manar, Biodiversity, Biotechnology and Climate Change Laboratory (LR 11ES09), Tunis, 1002, Tunisia, University of Carthage, National Institute of Agronomy of Tunis (INAT), Tunis, 1082, Tunisia, European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy, CNR-IAS, Lungomare C. Colombo 4521, Palermo, 90149, Italy, University of Pisa, Department of Biology, via Derna 1, Pisa, 56126, Italy, UMS 2006 AFB-CNRS-MNHN, 'Patrimoine Naturel', Centre d'expertise et de données sur la nature, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 43 rue Buffon-Bat. 48, Paris cedex 05, 75231, France, Department of Geosciences, University of Malta, Msida, MSD 2080, Malta, DiSTAV (Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, Genova, 16132, Italy, University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Research Laboratory of Diversity, Management and Conservation of Biological Systems, LR18ES06, Tunis, Tunisia, Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas, Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafet-B.P. 337, Tunis Cedex, 1080, Tunisia, Environmental Organization for the Preservation of Aquatic Ecosystems, iSea, Agios Pavlos, Thessaloniki, 55438, Greece, Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, Dept. of Hydrobiology, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Comiso, Via degli Studi n° 9, Comiso, RG 97013, Italy, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, Sassari, 70100, Italy, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire de Biodiversité, Biotechnologie et Changement Climatique, LR11ES09, Tunis, 1002, Tunisia, Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer, port de pêche, La Goulette, 2025, Tunisia, Institute of Marine Sciences, CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, Barcelona, 08003, Spain, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBIO), University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, Barcelona, 08028, Spain, GRMAR, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Catalonia, Girona, E-17071, Spain, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Station Marine d'Endoume, Rue de la Batterie des Lions, Marseille, 13007, France, Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo n. 4521 (ex complesso Roosevelt), Località Addaura, Palermo, 90149, Italy, CNR/ISAFoM (National Research Counsil of Italy/Institute for Agricultural and Forestry System in the Mediterranean), via Empedocle 58, Catania, 95128, Italy, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90123, Italy, Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Science of Tunis, Tunisia, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 576 Vouliagmenis Ave., Argyroupoli, Attika, 164 52, Greece, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Fisheries, Muğla, 48000, Turkey, The American University in Cairo, Department of Biology, Cairo, Egypt, Vicolo Giotto N 6, Favignana, TP 91023, Italy, Marine Research Center of Santa Pola (CIMAR), University of Alicante, Alicante, 03080, Spain, Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Kyrenia, Girne, 99350, Cyprus, Mediterraneo Servicios Marinos, Nueva Dársena Pesquera s/n Buzones 50 y 51, Alicante, 03008, Spain, Association ‘Action Bleue Maroc’, Rabat, Morocco, Fisheries Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Kavala, Nea Peramos, 64007, Greece, Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Muradiye, Manisa, 45140, Turkey, Istituto per gli Studi sul Mare, Viale Gadio 2, Milano, 20121, Italy, Institute for Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište Ivana Meštrovića 63, Split, 21 000, Croatia, Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (Centre Sfax), BP. 1035, Sfax, 3018, Tunisia, CNRS, Museum national d'histoire naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, Paris, 75005, France, National Institute of fisheries research, 13, Bd Zerktouni, BP 493, Nador, Morocco, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Zoología, Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal] (UM5)

Subjects
Invasions biològiques -- Mediterrània (Mar), geo-referenced records, 0206 medical engineering, Non-native species, Invasive alien species, Library science, non-native species, non-indigenous, distribution, citizen science, invasive alien species, geo-referenced records, Mediterranean Sea, 02 engineering and technology, Alien, Distribution, Citizen science, 01 natural sciences, Records -- Management, Science -- Mediterranean Region, 0103 physical sciences, Agency (sociology), citizen science, distribution, Mediterranean Sea, media_common.cataloged_instance, non-indigenous, Zoología, 14. Life underwater, European union, non-indigenous species, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Global environmental analysis, media_common, Biological invasions -- Mediterranean Sea, invasive alien species, 010304 chemical physics, Ecology, Settore BIO/02 - Botanica Sistematica, Marine reserve, non-native species, Geo-referenced records, 020601 biomedical engineering, Espècies introduïdes -- Mediterrània (Mar), Introduced organisms -- Mediterranean Sea, 13. Climate action, General partnership, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Marine protected area, Non-indigenous, Science -- Methodology -- Case studies
Abstract

Este artículo contiene 18 páginas, 4 figuras., Good datasets of geo-referenced records of alien species are a prerequisite for assessing the spatio-temporal dynamics of biological invasions, their invasive potential, and the magnitude of their impacts. However, with the exception of first records on a country level or wider regions, observations of species presence tend to remain unpublished, buried in scattered repositories or in the personal databases of experts. Through an initiative to collect, harmonize and make such unpublished data for marine alien and cryptogenic species in the Mediterranean Sea available, a large dataset comprising 5376 records was created. It includes records of 239 alien or cryptogenic taxa (192 Animalia, 24 Plantae, 23 Chromista) from 19 countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. In terms of records, the most reported Phyla in descending order were Chordata, Mollusca, Chlorophyta, Arthropoda, and Rhodophyta. The most recorded species was Caulerpa cylindracea, followed by Siganus luridus, Magallana sp. (cf. gigas or angulata) and Pterois miles. The dataset includes records from 1972 to 2020, with the highest number of records observed in 2018. Among the records of the dataset, Dictyota acutiloba is a first record for the Mediterranean Sea. Nine first country records are also included: the alga Caulerpa taxifolia var. distichophylla, the cube boxfish Ostracion cubicus, and the cleaner shrimp Urocaridella pulchella from Israel; the sponge Paraleucilla magna from Libya and Slovenia; the lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus from Cyprus; the bryozoan Celleporaria vermiformis and the polychaetes Prionospio depauperata and Notomastus aberans from Malta., The publication of this article is supported by the Open Access Publishing Fund of the International Association for Open Knowledge on Invasive Alien Species (INVASIVESNET; www.invasivesnet.org). Stelios Katsanevakis, Maria Sini and Konstantinos Tsirintanis were supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I.) under the “First Call for H.F.R.I. Research Projects to support Faculty members and Researchers and the procurement of high-cost research equipment grant” (Project Number: HFRI-FM17-1597). Enalia Physis acknowledges Pantelis Patsalou for his support with field-logistics and links with fishers. Fiona Tomas would like to acknowledge funding from FECYT FCT- 14-9319 (¡OJO A LAS INVASORAS! BIODIVERSIDAD Y ESPECIES INVASORAS DEL MEDITERRÁNEO BALEAR). Vasilis Gerovasileiou, Thanos Dailianis and Maria Sini acknowledge the support by the MARISCA project (www.marisca.eu), co-funded (85%) by EEA GRANTS, 2009–2014, and the Public Investments Program (PIP) of the Hellenic Republic (15%). Razy Hoffman acknowledges funding by Yad-Hanadiv foundation, through the Israel Society of Ecology and Environmental Sciences and Israel Nature and Parks Authority (An integrated program for establishing biological baselines and monitoring protocols for marine reserves in the Israeli Mediterranean Sea). Argyro Zenetos and Paraskevi K. Karachle would like to thank the citizenscientists collaborating with the Ellenic Network on Aquatic Invasive Species (ELNAIS – elnais.hcmr.gr). Nikolaos Doumpas, Ioannis Giovos, Periklis Kleirou and Francesco Tiralongo would like to thank all the citizen-scientists that contributed with their shared records and data in the citizen-science project “Is it alien to you? Share it!!!” (https://www.facebook.com/ groups/104915386661854/). Data from Gyaros Island marine reserve were collected under the “GyarosMPA” project, funded by “MAVA Fondation pour la Nature”. Data from Corsica coastline were mainly collected in the framework of the “Corsica Alien Network” initiated by “Office de l’Environnement de la Corse”. Carla Morri and Carlo Nike Bianchi received financial support from FFARB (funds for basic research activities) by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research. Ergün Taşkın has been supported by TÜBİTAK, Ankara, Turkey (Project Number: 114Y238). The Slovenian authors would like to acknowledge their financial support from the Slovenian Research Agency (research core funding No. P1-0237) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food of the Republic of Slovenia. Mehmet Fatih Huseyinoglu thanks University of Kyrenia’s Scientific Research Project numbered GRN-20191-004. Fabio Crocetta was funded by the COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action TD1209 Alien Challenge project. The FRI (HAO DEMETER) team is very grateful to the Marine Strategy Project for financial support. Records of NIS in Jbel Moussa, the National Park of Al Hoceima and Cap des Trois Fourches sites from Morocco were obtained during surveys conducted within the framework of the MedKeyHabitats and the MedMPAnet Projects implemented by UNEP/MAP-RAC/SPA in close collaboration with the Haut Commissariat aux Eaux et Forêts et à la Lutte Contre la Désertification (HCEFLCD) and financially supported by RAC/SPA, Tunisia and the MAVA Foundation, Switzerland (MedKeyHabitats Project) and the European Commission (EC), the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation to Development (AECID), and the French Global Environment Facility (MedMPAnet Project). Jamila Ben Souissi was partially funded by BiodivMex /Chantier MISTRALS. Konstantinos Tsiamis sampling records were retrieved during his post in the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, which he would like to thank for. Periklis Kleitou and Demetris Kletou were supported by the LIFE financial instrument of the European Union – RELIONMED project [Grant Agreement LIFE16 NAT/ CY/000832]. Some of the data included in the dataset were obtained through the marine citizen science platform Observadores del Mar www.observadoresdelmar.es with the support of FECYT FCT-17-12469, LIFE IP Intemares and Fundació Marilles, and through the citizen science site of the Italian Marine Protected Area of “Regno di Nettuno” (islands of Ischia, Procida and Vivara): www.citizensciencerdn.org. Most data from Lebanon were retrieved from social media dedicated to citizen science (Facebook group: Sea Lebanon https://www.facebook.com/ groups/109615625861815/) or fishers and scuba divers WhatsApp groups). Jamila Rizgalla wishes to thank the administration of Regatta for granting a free pass to conduct field surveys and the security personnel for providing a safe environment. Anna Occhipinti-Ambrogi was supported by European Community’s Seventh Framework Program VECTORS (Vectors of Change in Oceans and Seas Marine Life, Impact on Economic Sectors). The long lasting collaboration with the ICES Working Group on Introductions and Transfer of Marine Organisms (WGITMO) has been a good forum where many information and ideas could be exchanged within some of the authors (Anna Occhipinti-Ambrogi, Argyro Zenetos, Agnese Marchini, and a wider community of scientists working on biological invasions). A. Rosso and R. Sanfilippo received grants from the Catania University Research Plan 2016/2018. Data from Kuriat island were collected under the “Kuriat project”, funded by “MAVA Fondation pour la Nature” executed by SPA/RAC in partnership with the Coastal Protection and Management Agency (APAL) and Notre Grand Bleu (NGB) NGO. The AIS/ERA (Environment and Resources Authority) Maltese data were obtained from the EU funded project EMFF 8.3.1 under the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund 2014–2020 with a total cost of €1.6 million in public eligible EMFF funds (75% EU 25% MT), managed by AIS/ERA (Environment and Resources Authority). The ultimate goals of this European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF 2014–2020) project are to devise a holistic approach towards marine monitoring and develop a comprehensive database of data collected about the Maltese waters., With the funding support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), of the Spanish Research Agency (AEI)

Published
2020
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6. Bridging risk assessment of human pressure and ecosystem status

Author

Ruitton, Sandrine, Astruch, Patrick, Blanfuné, Aurelie, Cabral, Mélanie, Thibaut, Thierry, Boudouresque, Charles-François, Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RUITTON, Sandrine, and HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

7. Functional traits unravel temporal changes in fish biomass production on artificial reefs

Author

Mélanie Ourgaud, Laurence Le Direach, Patrick Astruch, Pierre Cresson, Mireille Harmelin-Vivien, Eric Goberville, Elodie Rouanet, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire Environnement et Ressources de Boulogne-sur-mer, IFREMER, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire Environnement et Ressources de Boulogne-sur-Mer (LERBL), LITTORAL (LITTORAL), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Artificial reefs, Conservation of Natural Resources, Range (biology), fish biomass production, Fisheries, Aquatic Science, Biology, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Sea, Animals, Fish biomass production, Biomass, 14. Life underwater, artificial reefs, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Trophic level, Biomass (ecology), Coral Reefs, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fishes, Pelagic zone, General Medicine, Pollution, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Isotopic functional indices, Habitat, Benthic zone, Mediterranean sea, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biological dispersal, Fisheries management, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, isotopic functional indices
Abstract

International audience; reefs (ARs) are deployed worldwide as they are expected to support fisheries management. 22 While the underlying mechanisms remain widely debated, production was recently determined as 23 the most probable cause of increases in fish biomass. Changes in fish biomass in a temperate AR 24 system were investigated from December 2008 to November 2015 by considering seven distinct 25 functional groups, and isotopic functional indices were used to identify how these changes may have 26 affected organic matter (OM) fluxes. Contrasting patterns of change were observed between 27 functional trophic groups, highlighting that combining the biomass of all species present in a 28 community is inappropriate for assessing AR-induced effects. Benthic sedentary species 29 predominated (>75% of the total biomass) through massive production, with a 68-fold increase in 30 mean biomass over the study period. Mobile species tended to vary seasonally, suggesting only a 31 slight influence of AR. Zooplanktivores biomass decreased over the 6-year period, as a possible result 32 of changes in environmental conditions. Isotopic indices helped to reveal both the community 33 maturation and the importance of local OM sources not only in supporting fish biomass production 34 but also in attracting pelagic species. Our results corroborate that production and attraction are two 35 extremes of a range of contrasting patterns and highlight the importance of considering the specific 36 responses of functional components of fish communities to accurately describe changes in AR 37 functioning. Functional attributes such as trophic traits, habitat use and dispersal abilities must not 38 be overlooked as they modulate fish species responses to the deployment of man-made rocky 39 substrates.

Published
2019
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8. The withdrawal of the lower limit of the Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow in the Bay of Hyères (NW Mediterranean) : a combination of natural and human-induced recent and ancient phenomena ?

Author

Boudouresque, Charles F., Patrick Astruch, Adrien Goujard, Rouanet Elodie, Pierre Bonhomme, Denis Bonhomme, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), and Beaussier, Catherine

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, radiocarbonanalysis, withdrawal, Posidoniaoceanica, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, global change
Abstract

International audience; The Posidonia oceanicaseagrass meadows are very sensitive to disturbance of human or natural origin. Here we consider the losses of the seagrass localizednear the lower limit of the meadowinthe Bay of Hyères(France). Samples of dead mattewere taken nearand beyond the current lower limit of the meadow, between 26 and 37 m depth. Radiocarbon 14C analyses were used for dating the withdrawal. The death of P. oceanicapossibly occurred between 160±100 (-29 m) and 1050±110 years BP (-37 m). The deeper and the further from the shore the sampled dead mattewas, the more ancient it was. This withdrawal appears to be a general feature, which concerns both highly human-impacted areas (Bay of Hyères)and pristine areas, such as Port-Cros Island (National Park). Several non-mutually exclusive hypotheses might explain this recent vs. ancient and actual vsapparent withdrawal: (i)trawling;(ii)post mortem erosion of the roof ofthe dead matte, by hydrodynamismor trawling; (iii)compaction of dead matteover time; (iv)current andancient rise in sea level; (v)current and past climate changeand/or (vi)human induced changes (e.g. turbidity).The lower limit withdrawal is more markedin highly human-impacted areas than in pristine areas, whereitmayreflect global forcings such as sea level rise, warmingandclimate episodes)

Published
2019

9. Inventory and mapping of Posidonia oceanica reefs of the French Mediterranean coast

Author

Elodie Rouanet, Adrien Goujard, Emeline Barralon, Charles Boudouresque, Boursault, M., Alizée Boussard, Larroudé, P., Samuel Meulé, Anne-Éléonore Paquier, Christine Pergent-Martini, Gerard Pergent, Thomas Schohn, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università di Corsica Pasquale Paoli [Université de Corse Pascal Paoli], Partenaires INRAE, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), SPA/RAC, Langar H., Ouerghi A., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, IFREMER - Centre de Toulon/La Seyne Sur Mer (IFREMER), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

International audience; Posidonia oceanicareefs along the French Mediterranean coast were inventoried and mapped using bibliographical data, analysis of aerial photos, images obtained using drone and 3D models. Sixteen previously unreported reefs and another 13 reefs that had been destroyed or disappeared were identified. In all, 75 Posidonia reef structures have were known to exist but today there are only 62 left.

Published
2019

10. Working with visual methods, comparison among the French deep-sea canyons. Drop Chapter 17

Author

Maïa Fourt, Adrien Goujard, Pierre Chevaldonné, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, and Chevaldonné, Pierre

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

11. Collaborative Database to Track Mass Mortality Events in the Mediterranean Sea

Author

Joaquim Garrabou, Daniel Gómez-Gras, Jean-Baptiste Ledoux, Cristina Linares, Nathaniel Bensoussan, Paula López-Sendino, Hocein Bazairi, Free Espinosa, Mohamed Ramdani, Samir Grimes, Mouloud Benabdi, Jamila Ben Souissi, Emna Soufi, Faten Khamassi, Raouia Ghanem, Oscar Ocaña, Alfonso Ramos-Esplà, Andres Izquierdo, Irene Anton, Esther Rubio-Portillo, Carmen Barbera, Emma Cebrian, Nuria Marbà, Iris E. Hendriks, Carlos M. Duarte, Salud Deudero, David Díaz, Maite Vázquez-Luis, Elvira Alvarez, Bernat Hereu, Diego K. Kersting, Andrea Gori, Núria Viladrich, Stephane Sartoretto, Ivane Pairaud, Sandrine Ruitton, Gérard Pergent, Christine Pergent-Martini, Elodie Rouanet, Nuria Teixidó, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Simonetta Fraschetti, Irene Rivetti, Ernesto Azzurro, Carlo Cerrano, Massimo Ponti, Eva Turicchia, Giorgio Bavestrello, Riccardo Cattaneo-Vietti, Marzia Bo, Marco Bertolino, Monica Montefalcone, Giovanni Chimienti, Daniele Grech, Gil Rilov, Inci Tuney Kizilkaya, Zafer Kizilkaya, Nur Eda Topçu, Vasilis Gerovasileiou, Maria Sini, Tatjana Bakran-Petricioli, Silvija Kipson, Jean G. Harmelin, Fondation Prince Albert II de Monaco, Foundation for Science and Technology, Ministerio de Educación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Biología Marina, Ecología Microbiana Molecular, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Zoología, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España, European Union (UE). H2020, Garrabou, Joaquim, Gómez-Gras, Daniel, Ledoux, Jean-Baptiste, Linares, Cristina, Bensoussan, Nathaniel, López-Sendino, Paula, Bazairi, Hocein, Espinosa, Free, Ramdani, Mohamed, Grimes, Samir, Benabdi, Mouloud, Souissi, Jamila Ben, Soufi, Emna, Khamassi, Faten, Ghanem, Raouia, Ocaña, Oscar, Ramos-Esplà, Alfonso, Izquierdo, Andre, Anton, Irene, Rubio-Portillo, Esther, Barbera, Carmen, Cebrian, Emma, Marbà, Nuria, Hendriks, Iris E., Duarte, Carlos M., Deudero, Salud, Díaz, David, Vázquez-Luis, Maite, Alvarez, Elvira, Hereu, Bernat, Kersting, Diego K., Gori, Andrea, Viladrich, Núria, Sartoretto, Stephane, Pairaud, Ivane, Ruitton, Sandrine, Pergent, Gérard, Pergent-Martini, Christine, Rouanet, Elodie, Teixidó, Nuria, Gattuso, Jean-Pierre, Fraschetti, Simonetta, Rivetti, Irene, Azzurro, Ernesto, Cerrano, Carlo, Ponti, Massimo, Turicchia, Eva, Bavestrello, Giorgio, Cattaneo-Vietti, Riccardo, Bo, Marzia, Bertolino, Marco, Montefalcone, Monica, Chimienti, Giovanni, Grech, Daniele, Rilov, Gil, Tuney Kizilkaya, Inci, Kizilkaya, Zafer, Eda Topçu, Nur, Gerovasileiou, Vasili, Sini, Maria, Bakran-Petricioli, Tatjana, Kipson, Silvija, Harmelin, Jean G., Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), IPSO FACTO [Marseille], Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal], Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences de la Mer et de l'Aménagement du Littoral (ESSMAL), Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, Universitat de Girona [Girona], Universitat de Girona (UdG), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Global Change Department (IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB)), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Department of Global Change Research, Institut Mediterrani d´Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA), Centro Oceanografico de Baleares, IFREMER - Laboratoire Provence Azur Corse, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), GIS Posidonie, Hopkins Marine Station [Stanford], Stanford University, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento [Lecce], Italian National Institute of Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche [Ancona] (UNIVPM), Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), Universita degli studi di Genova, University of Haifa [Haifa], Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), Department of Marine Sciences [Aegean], University of the Aegean, Department of Biology [Zagreb], Faculty of Science [Zagreb], University of Zagreb-University of Zagreb, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Mohammed V de Rabat [Agdal] (UM5), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Provence Azur Corse (LERPAC), LITTORAL (LITTORAL), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Ege Üniversitesi, Garrabou, J., Gomez-Gras, D., Ledoux, J. -B., Linares, C., Bensoussan, N., Lopez-Sendino, P., Bazairi, H., Espinosa, F., Ramdani, M., Grimes, S., Benabdi, M., Souissi, J. B., Soufi, E., Khamassi, F., Ghanem, R., Ocana, O., Ramos-Espla, A., Izquierdo, A., Anton, I., Rubio-Portillo, E., Barbera, C., Cebrian, E., Marba, N., Hendriks, I. E., Duarte, C. M., Deudero, S., Diaz, D., Vazquez-Luis, M., Alvarez, E., Hereu, B., Kersting, D. K., Gori, A., Viladrich, N., Sartoretto, S., Pairaud, I., Ruitton, S., Pergent, G., Pergent-Martini, C., Rouanet, E., Teixido, N., Gattuso, J. -P., Fraschetti, S., Rivetti, I., Azzurro, E., Cerrano, C., Ponti, M., Turicchia, E., Bavestrello, G., Cattaneo-Vietti, R., Bo, M., Bertolino, M., Montefalcone, M., Chimienti, G., Grech, D., Rilov, G., Tuney Kizilkaya, I., Kizilkaya, Z., Eda Topcu, N., Gerovasileiou, V., Sini, M., Bakran-Petricioli, T., Kipson, S., and Harmelin, J. G.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mediterranean-type ecosystems, lcsh:QH1-199.5, climate change, ocean warming, marine heat wave impacts, marine disease, marine conservation and protection, marine disease, Ecosistemes, Oceanography, Microbiología, 01 natural sciences, Ecologia marina, Ocean warming, Canvi climàtic, Climate change, Zoología, lcsh:Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology, media_common, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Mediterrània (Mar), Global warming, Biotic communities, Marine conservation and protection, Marine invertebrates -- Mortality -- Mediterranean Sea, climate change, Christian ministry, marine conservation and protection, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, European Regional Development Fund, Library science, Ocean Engineering, Aquatic Science, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Algae -- Mortality -- Mediterranean Sea, Marine ecology, ocean warming, Ecosistemes mediterranis, Mediterranean Sea, media_common.cataloged_instance, marine heat wave impact, 14. Life underwater, European union, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Marine heat wave impacts, Escalfament global, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Algues -- Mortalitat -- Mediterrània, Mar, Climatic changes, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Marine disease, Climatic change, Mass mortality, marine heat wave impacts, Invertebrats marins -- Mortalitat -- Mediterrània, Mar, lcsh:Q, Canvis climàtics
Abstract

Bazairi, Hocein/0000-0002-1788-0580; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre/0000-0002-4533-4114; Gerovasileiou, Vasilis/0000-0002-9143-7480; Cerrano, Carlo/0000-0001-9580-5546; Turicchia, Eva/0000-0002-8952-9028; Topcu, Nur Eda/0000-0003-2734-2695; Ponti, Massimo/0000-0002-6521-1330; deudero, salud/0000-0001-5584-2801; Ledoux, Jean-Baptiste/0000-0001-8796-6163; Fraschetti, Simonetta/0000-0002-1780-1651; BERTOLINO, Marco/0000-0003-3233-303X; Duarte, Carlos M./0000-0002-1213-1361, WOS: 000499719400001, [No abstract available], postdoctoral contract Juan de la Cierva-Incorporacion [IJCI-2016-29329]; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades [PTA2015-10829-I]; Interreg Med Programme [MPA-Adapt 1MED15_3.2_M2_337]; European Regional Development Fund - Foundation Prince Albert II Monaco; European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [689518, FPU15/05457]; Spanish Ministry of EducationSpanish Government [UID/Multi/04423/2013]; FCT - Foundation for Science and TechnologyPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology; European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)European Union (EU), MV-L was supported by a postdoctoral contract Juan de la Cierva-Incorporacion (IJCI-2016-29329) of Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades. AI was supported by a Technical staff contract (PTA2015-10829-I) Ayudas Personal Tecnico de Apoyo of Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (2015). Interreg Med Programme (grant number Project MPA-Adapt 1MED15_3.2_M2_337) 85% cofunded by the European Regional Development Fund, the MIMOSA project funded by the Foundation Prince Albert II Monaco and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 689518 (MERCES). DG-G was supported by an FPU grant (FPU15/05457) from the Spanish Ministry of Education. J-BL was partially supported by the Strategic Funding UID/Multi/04423/2013 through national funds provided by FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), in the framework of the programme PT2020.

Published
2019
Full Text
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12. Food web structure of a Mediterranean coralligenous ecosystem

Author

Belloni, Bruno, Sartoretto, Stéphane, Cresson, Pierre, Bouchoucha, Marc, Guillou, Gael, Lebreton, Benoit, RUITTON, Sandrine, Harmelin-Vivien, Mireille, GIS Posidonie, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la MER, Centre de La Seyne (IFREMER), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement et Ressources de Boulogne-sur-mer, IFREMER, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Provence Azur Corse (LERPAC), LITTORAL (LITTORAL), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire Environnement et Ressources de Boulogne-sur-Mer (LERBL), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

13. Passive acoustics to monitor flagship species near boat traffic in the Unesco World Heritage natural Reserve of Scandola

Author

Marion Poupard, Jan Schlüter, Maxence Ferrari, Patrick Astruch, Thomas Schohn, Rouanet Elodie, Adrien Goujard, Adrien Lyonnet, Pascale Giraudet, Valentin Barchasz, Valentin Gies, Paul Best, Jean-Marie Dominici, Thierry Lengagne, Thierry Soriano, Hervé Glotin, Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systèmes (LIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Amiénois de Mathématique Fondamentale et Appliquée - UMR CNRS 7352 (LAMFA), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), GIS Posidonie, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (IM2NP), Représentations musicales (Repmus), Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son (STMS), Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Parc Naturel Régional de Corse, Ecologie, Comportement, Conservation, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Fluviaux (EHF), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies, Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies-Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies-Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique et d'Electrochimie (LCPE), Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK)-Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo [Ouagadougou] (UJZK), Laboratoire Conception des Systèmes Mécaniques et Robotiques - EA 7398 (COSMER), Laboratory of Intelligent Systems (LIS), Laboratory of Intelligent Systems / EFPL, C. Gargiulo & C. Zoppi, Laboratoire Amiénois de Mathématique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LAMFA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), IFREMER - Centre de Toulon/La Seyne Sur Mer (IFREMER), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), IRCAM-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IRCAM-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Ouagadougou-Université de Ouagadougou, HUGEL, Vincent, and Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
[PHYS.MECA.ACOU] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

14. 150 ans d’évolution contextualisée des pressions et de l’état du milieu marin sur le littoral Marseillais : méthode BEEST

Author

Eric, Blin, Ruitton, Sandrine, Ourgaud, Melanie, Goujard, Adrien, Robert, Samuel, Trémélo, Marie-Laure, Plouvier, Théophile, Thierry, Pollard, Fabrice, Javel, X., Challouin, Y., Diallo, Laura, Pischedda, Dominqiue, Laplace, SUEZ ENVIRONNEMENT (FRANCE), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), GIS Posidonie, Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Association scientifique et technique pour l’eau et l’environnement (ASTEE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)

Subjects
[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

International audience; Le projet BEEST est un projet de Recherche et Développement reposant sur une démarche exploratoire. Celle-ci a pour ambition le développement d’une méthode de mise en contexte (spatiale et historique) des évolutions de la qualité des eaux et de la biodiversité côtières, en rapport avec les aménagements relatifs à l’assainissement et aux traitements des eaux urbaines, mais également en considérant l’évolution socio-économique du territoire. Le projet repose sur une base bibliographique : mesures existantes issues de l'autosurveillance, connaissances du gestionnaire assainissement, travaux universitaires des partenaires biologistes ou géographes, mais également sur des résultats des études disponibles et d‘approches historiques. Ces données consolidées, sont mises en perspective historique à l’échelle de la baie maritime et terrestre de Marseille. La méthode a pour but d'organiser les données afin de les exploiter sous un nouvel angle, notamment en mettant en perspective l'anthropoécosystème de Marseille et son histoire environnementale. En mettant en scène les évolutions du couple pressions-états, l’objectif est de mieux comprendre les co-évolutions homme-nature et d’apporter des éléments complémentaires à ceux existant déjà pour orienter les politiques publiques de gestion du milieu et du territoire.

Published
2018

15. A quantitative and functional assessment of fish assemblages of the Port-Cros Archipelago (Port-Cros National Park, north-western Mediterranean Sea)

Author

Patrick Astruch, Charles-François Boudouresque, Rouanet Elodie, Laurence Le Direach, Patrick Bonhomme, Denis Bonhomme, Adrien Goujard, Sandrine Ruitton, Jean-Georges Harmelin, Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)

Subjects
[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; The Port-Cros National Park (PCNP) was established in 1963. It encompassed the Island of Port-Cros and the neighbouring island and islets (the Port-Cros Archipelago). Progressively, the PCNP has been entrusted with the management of an increasing number of territories outside the initial territory of 1963. Between 2012 and 2016, the PCNP was engaged in a major redefinition and extension of its territory; the new Port-Cros National Park (N-PCNP), established in 2016, includes the Port-Cros and Porquerolles Archipelagos as core areas (both terrestrial and marine), a vast Adjacent Marine Area (AMA) including the Gulf of Hyères and extending seawards to the edge of the continental shelf, and a discontinuous continental area (Adhesion Area, AA) including five municipalities. The management of the marine area of the Port-Cros Archipelago MPA (Marine Protected Area) can clearly be referred to the MUM type (Multi-Use Management) characterized by a complex zoning of the marine part of the MPA, based upon the uses, the goals of conservation of the habitats and the ecosystems and priorities clearly displayed (artisanal fishing rather than recreational fishing). MUM management strongly contrasts with NTZ (No-Take Zone) management, where any form of human activity is prohibited. In addition to the ban on spear fishing, angling and trawling, the Port-Cros Archipelago MPA has its own artisanal fishing regulations, enshrined in a fishing charter; those regarding maximum vessel length, soak time, mesh size, net length, number of hooks and traps, are more restrictive than outside the MPA; these regulations are strictly enforced, in contrast with a number of Mediterranean MPAs which are actually 'paper parks'. It is worth noting that, as far as the conservation of the natural heritage is concerned, MUM management, as practiced in the Port-Cros Archipelago MPA, is at least as efficient as NTZ management. In addition, it is compatible with sustainable fisheries in particular, sustainable development in general, and fits well with the concept of the socio-ecosystem. We have seized the opportunity of having at our disposal one of the oldest Mediterranean MPAs, with exemplary protection and an exceptional level of scientific knowledge, to assess the species diversity (point diversity and alpha diversity), the biomass and the trophic structure of fish (teleosts) assemblages in 5 habitats,-shallow rocky reefs (RS, 0-3 m depth), deep rocky reefs (RD, 5-15 m), relatively shallow Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows (PS, 10

Published
2018

16. Unexpected records of 'deep-sea' carnivorous sponges Asbestopluma hypogea in the shallow NE Atlantic shed light on new conservation issues

Author

Thierry Perez, Jean Vacelet, Wilfried Bay-Nouailhat, Jean-Michel Crouzet, Pierre Chevaldonné, Bruno Almon, Anne Bay-Nouailhat, Maïa Fourt, Ricardo Aguilar, Jacinto Pérez, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), OCEANA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Cladorhizidae, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Deep sea, Bathyal zone, Oceanography, Cave, Common species, Peninsula, 14. Life underwater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Channel (geography)
Abstract

International audience; Marine cave communities have been a continued source of ecological surprises, among other things because of their close ecological and evolutionary ties with the deep sea. The discovery of cladorhizid sponges, the deepest occurring poriferan family, in shallow Mediterranean caves in the 1990s was one such surprise, leading to the generally accepted hypothesis that the whole family was carnivorous, an unprecedented feeding mode for sponges. The recent observation of the cave species Asbestopluma hypogea in the Mediterranean bathyal, confirmed the view that some shallow caves can occasionally shelter otherwise deep-dwelling species. Here we present new distribution data of A.hypogea, from deep Mediterranean locations, and for the first time from Atlantic locations. Among the new Atlantic records, the most surprising ones are located in three different geographic areas (Ria de Arousa, Groix Island and Cherbourg) of the NW European coasts, from the Iberian Peninsula to the English Channel, where A.hypogea reaches SCUBA depths (5-50m), while not sheltered in marine caves. The carnivorous sponge however reaches its shallowest occurrence (5m), in a small cave at Groix Island. The ecological significance of these discoveries, particularly the very patchy distribution and peculiar dynamics, are noteworthy, and the shallow occurrence of A.hypogea, together with other deep-water or uncommon species, constitute unique assemblages that must be considered in conservation plans.

Published
2015
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17. New hexactinellid sponges from deep Mediterranean canyons

Author

Nicole Boury-Esnault, Maïa Fourt, Pierre Chevaldonné, Jean Vacelet, Maude Dubois, Adrien Goujard, Thierry Perez, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), GIS Posidonie, and Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Hexactinellida, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Farreidae, Biology, DNA, Ribosomal, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Japan, Genus, Mediterranean Sea, Hexactinosida, Animals, Animalia, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Taxonomy, Phylogenetic tree, Hexactinellid, Tretodictyidae, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, Porifera, Taxon, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Molecular phylogenetics, Cosmopolitan distribution, Animal Science and Zoology, Type locality
Abstract

International audience; During the exploration of the NW Mediterranean deep-sea canyons (MedSeaCan and CorSeaCan cruises), several hexactinellid sponges were observed and collected by ROV and manned submersible. Two of them appeared to be new species of Farrea and Tretodictyum. The genus Farrea had so far been reported with doubt from the Mediterranean and was listed as ``taxa inquirenda'' for two undescribed species. We here provide a proper description for the specimens encountered and sampled. The genus Tretodictyum had been recorded several times in the Mediterranean and in the near Atlantic as T. tubulosum Schulze, 1866, again with doubt, since the type locality is the Japan Sea. We here confirm that the Mediterranean specimens are a distinct new species which we describe. We also provide18S rDNA sequences of the two new species and include them in a phylogenetic tree of related hexactinellids.

Published
2017
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18. Functional differences between fish communities on artificial and natural reefs: a case study along the French Catalan coast

Author

Barbara Koeck, Nicolas Dalias, Anne Tessier, Jérémy Pastor, Benjamin Bijaoui, Anik Brind’Amour, Patrick Astruch, Gilles Saragoni, Philippe Lenfant, Stella Mare, Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SEANEO, Écologie et Modèles pour l'Halieutique (IFREMER EMH), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Atlantique (IFREMER Atlantique), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and GIS Posidonie

Subjects
QH301-705.5, Fishing, Ecological niche, Biodiversity, Coastal fish, Aquatic Science, Biology, Functional diversity, Oceanography, Microbiology, Underwater visual census, Fish community, Fisheries management, Mediterranean Sea, 14. Life underwater, Biology (General), Reef, Gulf of Lion, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, QR1-502, Habitat complexity, Fishery, Habitat, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; In the context of growing anthropogenic disturbances that deeply alter marine coastal ecosystems, various management tools are used to protect biodiversity, such as fishing gear limitations, fishing quotas, protected areas or the creation of artificial reefs (ARs). In contrast to the other management tools, ARs require a modification of natural habitats. We used underwater visual censuses to investigate the effect of habitat modification on the structure of fish communities by comparing a natural reef (NR) to ARs with different habitat complexity. Different fish assemblage descriptors were used to assess species- and functional- and community-level aspects of the assemblages. ARs were rapidly colonized by adult fishes and presented community compositions different from that of the NR. Fish densities and functional richness were higher in the ARs than in the NR. Small isolated artificial structures, such as culverts and box-culverts, had different fish community compositions than more extended and complex structures, demonstrating the effect of structural habitat complexity on fish assemblages. Fish density was higher in small structures, most likely due to habitat isolation and patchiness. This study indicates that ARs which are located along sandy coastal areas with few rocky habitats and under high river nutrient influence, are a suitable habitat for rocky coastal fish communities. Nevertheless, due to higher habitat complexity and lower fishing pressure on ARs, fish communities of an AR functionally differ from those of a NR. Further research is necessary to understand how these differences act on the properties of the ecosystem as well as on local fisheries.

Published
2014
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19. Application de l'Analyse des Correspondances Ordinales au suivi d'espèces végétales aquatiques

Author

Manté, Claude, Bernard, Guillaume, Bonhomme, Patrick, Laboratoire de MicrobiologiE de Géochimie et d'Ecologie Marines (LMGEM), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupement d'intérêt public pour la réhabilitation de l'étang de Berre (GIPREB), GIPREB, GIS Posidonie, and Sfds-Hal, Conférence

Subjects
[STAT.TH] Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], [STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], [MATH.MATH-ST] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST]
Abstract

International audience; Les communautés de macrophytes (algues et phanérogames), dont certaines espèces sont protégées, constituent un des indicateurs clés de l'état écologique des lagunes, tel que défini par la Directive Européenne Cadre sur l'Eau (DCE). Par ailleurs, la restauration de ces communautés de macrophytes, et des herbiers de Zostera en particulier, est l'un des objectifs principaux de la réhabilitation de l'Etang de Berre (Bouches-du-Rhône) portée par le Gipreb (Groupement d'intérêt public pour la réhabilitation de l'Etang de Berre). C'est pourquoi celui-ci met en oeuvre, depuis 1996, le suivi des principales espèces de macrophytes encore présentes dans l'étang. La densité de chaque espèce ou groupe d'espèces a été évaluée visuellement par des plongeurs le long de 31 transects (composés chacun de 20 segments de même longueur) répartis sur le pourtour de l'étang, et ce pendant 11 années. L'évaluation consiste en un codage en 6 modalités du taux de couverture du fonds par l'espèce. L'état annuel de la population de chaque espèce est finalement décrit par un tableau de type 6x20, croisant la densité avec la position : deux variables ordinales. La suite des 11 tableaux sera donc ici décrite via l'Analyse des Correspondances Ordinales de Beh (1997). Les résultats obtenus seront comparés avec ceux de l'AFC. Bibliographie : E. J. Beh, Simple Correspondence Analysis of ordinal cross-classifications using orthogonal polynomials, Biometrical Journal, 39, 5, 589-613 (1997).

Published
2010

20. Uses of ecosystem services provided by MPAs: How much do they impact the local economy? A southern Europe perspective

Author

Concepción Marcos, Nicolas Roncin, Frédérique Alban, Raquel de la Cruz Modino, Mark Dimech, Romain Crec'hriou, Jean-Michel Culioli, Eric Charbonnel, Carlos Valle, Emese Szelianszky, Jeremy Person, Philip I. Smith, Ben Stobart, Laurence Le Direach, Francesc Maynou, Beatriz Luna, Elodie Lavisse, Jose Pascual, Ruth Higgins, Jean Boncoeur, Raquel Goñi, Ivan Guala, Stefano Vaselli, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie et écologie tropicale et méditerranéenne [2007-2010] (BETM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Facultad de Ciencias Politicas Sociales, Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Department of Biology, University of Malta [Malta], Instituto Español de Oceanografía, International Marine Centre (Fondazione IMC), International Marine Centre, GIS Posidonie, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Departamento Ciencias del Mar y Biologia Applicada (DCMBA), Universidad de Alicante, Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia, University Marine Biological Station (UMBSM), University Marine Biological Station, Centro Oceanografico de Baleares (IEO), Centro Oceanografico de Baleares, Unita de Biologia Marina, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, EMPAFISH (FP6), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Southern Europe, Diving, Fishing, Fisheries, Activity-based user value, Socio-economic field surveys, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Commercial fishing, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Local economic impact, value, Marine protected areas, 14. Life underwater, Economic impact analysis, Medio Marino, Baseline (configuration management), Environmental planning, Recreation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Ecology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental resource management, Marine reserve, Activity-based user, 15. Life on land, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, 13. Climate action, Marine protected area, business
Abstract

15 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables.-- Issue title: Special Issue on European marine protected areas as tools for fisheries management and conservation, Presentation with same title (18 slides) by Frédérique Alban, Nicolas Roncin and Jean Boncoeur at Les Journées AMURE, Brest, May 27-28, 2009, available at: http://www.umr-amure.fr/conf/journees_amure/2009/empafish.pdf, This paper addresses the problem of measuring the local economic impact of marine protected areas (MPAs). It relies on a broad socio-economic field survey covering 12 case studies in southern Europe, and focusing on two major uses of MPA ecosystem services: fishing and scuba-diving. The impact of these uses on the local economic system is expressed in terms of incomes and jobs, and the methodology relies on a distinction between users transforming ecosystem services into commodities, and users consuming ecosystem services for recreational purposes. Assessment results show a variety of situations, from MPAs where commercial fishing is the major economic stake, to MPAs where recreational activities have a dominant economic role. However, available information concerning the number of recreational users and visitors, on one side, and the number and characteristics of commercial fishing boats, on the other side, suggest that the second situation is more representative of the area under study than the former one. Due to the lack of baseline, the question of sorting out the “reserve effect” from the “site effect” is addressed with the help of survey results concerning perceptions and attitudes of users. As regards divers and diving operators, answers to the survey suggest that the reserve effect plays an important role in the attractiveness of the area. Results are not so clear in the case of fishers, an ambiguity reflecting the uncertainty of the spill-over effects expected from marine reserves on fishing grounds, The research presented in this paper was developed as a part of the research project "European Marine Protected Areas as Tools for fisheries Management and Conservation" (EMPAFISH SSP8-006539) supported by the Commission of the European Communities within the 6th Framework Programme

Published
2008
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21. Uses of ecosystem services provided by MPAs: how much do they impact the local economy?

Author

Roncin, Nicolas, Boncoeur, Jean, Person, Jeremy, Lavisse, Elodie, Le Direach, Laurence, Marcos, Conception, Crec 'hriou, Romain, Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología, Universidad de Murcia, Biologie et écologie tropicale et méditerranéenne [2007-2010] (BETM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nha Trang University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)

Subjects
[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

International audience; Though the basic purpose of MPAs is marine ecosystem conservation, the question of their influence on the local economy is often critical since it governs their social acceptability. This paper addresses the problem of measuring the local economic impact of MPAs, on the basis of a comparative analysis of socio-economic field surveys of 14 case studies in Southern Europe. The surveys were performed in 2005 and 2006 within the framework of the EU funded multidisciplinary EMPAFISH research project. They cover a range of uses of ecosystem services related to the MPA: fishing (commercial and recreational), as well as non-extractive recreational activities (scuba-diving and snorkelling). More than 4,000 questionnaires were filled, providing information on behaviours and attitudes of users, as well as on the economic dimension of their activity. One of the issue is to separate the "reserve effect" from the "site effect".

Published
2008

22. Does coverage matter at mesoscale within a Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow?

Author

Charles-François Boudouresque, Nicolas Mayot, Vincent Gravez, Agathe Leriche, Centre d'océanologie de Marseille (COM), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Potamogetonaceae, Mesoscale meteorology, Spatial distribution, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mediterranean sea, Mediterranean Sea, 14. Life underwater, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Alismatales, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, Spatial structure, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Discriminant Analysis, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Substrate (marine biology), Plant Leaves, Seagrass, Posidonia oceanica, Environmental science, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract

Despite the fact that coverage is one of the most widely used descriptors for seagrass meadows, the spatial structure of coverage at mesoscale has not often been taken into account. The present work investigates the structure of P. oceanica coverage at mesoscale and its possible relationship with several factors (depth, type of substrate, relative level within the meadow, type of shoot density and level of anthropic pressure). Five classes of coverage structure are delineated within P. oceanica meadows and statistical analysis of the data did not provide evidence of a link with the factors taken into consideration. This result could be explained by the prevailing role of endogenic processes in the structuring of the P. oceanica meadow. To cite this article: A. Leriche et al., C. R. Biologies 329 (2006).

Published
2006
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23. Spatial, temporal and structural variations of a Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow facing human activities

Author

Jacques Denis, Guillaume Bernard, Patrick Bonhomme, Charles-François Boudouresque, Agathe Leriche, Philippe Clabaut, Vanina Pasqualini, Centre d'océanologie de Marseille (COM), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, GIS Posidonie, IFREMER - Centre de Toulon/La Seyne Sur Mer (IFREMER), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Università di Corsica Pasquale Paoli [Université de Corse Pascal Paoli], and Partenaires INRAE

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Side-scan sonar, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, Ecology, Trawling, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Sewage outfall, Plant Science, 15. Life on land, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Oceanography, Mediterranean sea, Seagrass, Aerial photography, Posidonia oceanica, Environmental science, 14. Life underwater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bay, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The Bay of Saint-Cyr (Provence, France, Mediterranean Sea) is the site of two harbours, coastal urban development, trawling, boat anchoring and a sewage outfall. The Posidonia oceanica seagrass distribution was mapped with the help of aerial photographs, side scan sonar and GIS. In addition, the temporal variations of its distribution were studied by aerial photographs and GIS from 1955 to 2000. Finally, coverage and shoot density were measured via scuba-diving. This work reveals (i) the regression of theP. oceanica meadow at sites where harbours have been built, (ii) the occurrence of spaces within the meadow free of live P. oceanica (‘‘intermattes’’), which account for 8% of its surface area, (iii) a deep area where P. oceanica coverage and shoot density are low and (iv) evidence of regression, although modest, of the meadow at its lower limit. Nevertheless, the study site also exhibits an extensive and on the whole relatively healthy meadow whose limits have changed little over time. # 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2006
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24. A one-century suite of seagrass bed maps: can we trust ancient maps?

Author

Charles-François Boudouresque, Jacques Denis, Agathe Leriche, Guillaume Bernard, Patrick Bonhomme, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'océanologie de Marseille (COM), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and IFREMER - Centre de Toulon/La Seyne Sur Mer (IFREMER)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Side-scan sonar, Ground truth, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 15. Life on land, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Scuba diving, Seagrass, Aerial photography, Posidonia oceanica, Early world maps, 14. Life underwater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Scale (map), Cartography, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

To assess the dynamics of seagrass beds, it is necessary to be able to compare their present day and former distribution patterns. In most cases, ancient data are available in the form of maps whose reliability must be estimated before comparison. In the study area (near Marseilles, France), a series of maps of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica beds spanning more than one century (dating from 1883, 1897, 1958, 1975, 1979, 1991 and 2000, respectively) are available. In addition, a new map was established, using aerial photography (shallow areas), side scan sonar (deeper areas) and data validation by ground truth. In order to help assess the value of the ancient maps, a Reliability Index (RI) is proposed. The RI, rated from 0 to 50, weighs three parameters: (i) the initial scale of the map (source map) and the working scale (target map); (ii) the method of data acquisition (e.g. dredges, grabs, aerial photography, side scan sonar, scuba diving); and (iii) the method of data georeferencing. Dramatic differences in the distribution of seagrass beds are apparent between the eight maps. In view of the biological features of P. oceanica (e.g. slow rate of change of the meadow limits under natural conditions and the persistence of rhizomes after its death), it is possible that some of these differences may not reflect change over time but may be due to errors in the ancient maps. In contrast, other differences are plausible and validated by field data, e.g. the regression of the lower limit of the meadow. It was thus possible to compare the calculated RI for each map and the plausibility of observed differences as a basis for calibrating the RI. 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2004
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25. Almost a century of monitoring of the Posidonia barrier reef at Port-Cros (Provence) and the platform reef at Saint-Florent (Corsica)

Author

Alizée Boussard, Emeline Barralon, Boudouresque, Charles F., Boursault, M., Adrien Goujard, Gerard Pergent, Christine Pergent-Martini, Rouanet Elodie, Thomas Schohn, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), GIS Posidonie, Sciences pour l'environnement (SPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), IFREMER - Centre de Toulon/La Seyne Sur Mer (IFREMER), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Posidoniareefs, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], temporal dynamics, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, mapping, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

International audience; The dynamics of natural monuments such as the Posidonia oceanica reefs is poorly known. The Posidonia barrier-reef Port-Cros has served as a laboratory for Molinier and Picard back in the 1950s and enabled them to describe the process of building of P. oceanica fringing and barrierreefs, while the Saint-Florent platform-reef, mapped for the first time in the 1980s, appears to be a unique structure the construction of which remains a mystery. The availability of postcards dating from the early 20th century, aerial photographs dating from 1948, and the development of remote sensing and georeferencing techniques associated with the use of drones and 3D models, have made it possible to monitor, for the first time, the precise evolution of these reefs and associated structures. Since the early 20th century, the barrier-reef at Port-Cros has been undergoing a steady decline. Anthropogenic pressures more than natural pressures may underlie this regression. Despite a number of management measures aimed at its protection, regression of the barrier-reef continues inexorably, at an unchanged pace, such that its ultimate disappearance now seems predictable. With regard to the Saint-Florent platform-reef, the surface area covered by Posidonia oceanica has remained stable (around 2.5 ha), although some differences can be observed from year to year; essentially due to the quality and resolution of the aerial images used for analysis. Moreover, the main atoll observed on the platform has regularly increased in size, from 40 m2 in 1948 to the current 189 m2. The conservation of these natural monuments, both included within MPAs, must be given priority by environmental managers.

26. Guide de la faune profonde de la mer Méditerranée. Exploration des roches et canyons sous-marins des côtes françaises

Author

Maïa Fourt, Adrien Goujard, Thierry Perez, Pierre Chevaldonné, GIS Posidonie, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), and Fourt, Maïa

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.BID] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity
Abstract

International audience

27. Sponge inventory of the French Mediterranean waters, with an emphasis on cave-dwelling species

Author

Jean Vacelet, Thierry Perez, Maïa Fourt, Maude Dubois, Michelle Klautau, Mathieu Santonja, Nicole Boury-Esnault, Marie Grenier, César Ruiz, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GIS Posidonie, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biodiversity, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean sea, Cave, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecosystem, Taxonomy, geography, Biomass (ecology), geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, biology.organism_classification, Cave dwelling, Porifera, Sponge, Caves, Habitat, Animal Science and Zoology
Abstract

Mediterranean sponges represent about 10 % of the world sponge biodiversity, with these sessile organisms dominating in terms of diversity and biomass in most of the rocky bottoms shaded from light. After 60 years of intensive study of the sponge diversity along the French coast, we present the first comprehensive reference-list for this biogeographic area. A total of 389 sponge species was recorded, of which 222 known in the Marseille region. In this area, special attention was paid to species from underwater caves. Although this particular habitat appeared as one of the richest, a wealth of hidden diversity still requires description. About 37 % of the sponge diversity can be found in underwater caves, most of these species being also distributed in other habitats. However, 23 % of this sponge diversity is cave-exclusive. An easy and rapid assessment method was developed with a selection of 65 representative sponge species, for the monitoring of semi-dark cave communities. This method, based on data acquisition with photoquadrats and their processing using a DataBase built with ACCESS, was deployed in 13 studied sites. Altogether, this study represents a useful contribution for marine environment managers who might refer to this French reference list and apply the rapid and easy assessment method in the framework of several European Directives and international Conventions.

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29. Impact assessment of multiple pressures on ecosystem services with a state and transition model: Application to Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows.

Author

Scemama P, Kermagoret C, Astruch P, Boudouresque CF, Changeux T, Harmelin-Vivien M, Ourgaud M, Ruitton S, Verlaque M, Charbonnel E, Alban F, Accornero-Picon A, and Le Direac'h L

Subjects
Mediterranean Sea, Animals, Ecosystem, Alismatales, Conservation of Natural Resources
Abstract

A significant challenge in the integration of ecosystem services into decision-making processes lies in effectively capturing the dynamics of marine socio-ecological systems, including their evolutionary pathways, equilibrium states, and tipping points. This paper explores the evolutionary trajectories of a vital marine ecosystem endemic to the Mediterranean Sea: the Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows, in response to various drivers of change. A state-and-transition model is employed to assess the ecosystem services provided by P. oceanica across different states defined by selected transitions, such as overfishing, fragmentation, pollution, and invasion by non-native species. To apply this model, scientific expertise is combined with field data generated using the Ecosystem-Based Quality Index to evaluate the conservation status of P. oceanica. This integrated approach allows for the representation of the ecosystem services offered by the meadows across different states, leveraging ecological data. The findings highlight the disproportionate impact on provisioning services, particularly sea urchins and commercial fish production, which suffer the most under various stressors. Notably, when these services decline to critical levels, the meadows cease to provide significant benefits. Finally, a synthesized representation is presented, merging ecological insights with monitoring data, offering a framework that is more accessible to stakeholders and decision-makers., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Published
2024
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30. The Station Marine d'Endoume, Marseille: 150 years of natural history.

Author

Boury-Esnault N, Bellan G, Bellan-Santini D, Boudouresque CF, Chevaldonné P, Dias A, Faget D, Harmelin JG, Harmelin-Vivien M, Lejeusne C, Perez T, Vacelet J, and Verlaque M

Subjects
Animals, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, Laboratories, Zoology history, Ecosystem, Natural History history
Abstract

When marine natural sciences began to be the concern of most European scientists, in the middle of the 19th century, Marseille, in southern France, was no exception. The creation, ca. 150 years ago, of the first Zoology Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences of Marseille took place in 1868. Under the leadership of Antoine-Fortuné Marion, it soon led to the creation of the Station Marine d'Endoume (SME) in 1889. Marion's pioneering work survived both world wars and was then taken to another dimension by Jean-Marie Pérès, head of the marine station from 1948 to 1983. This institution is still alive to date. We here inventoried all the taxa described by SME scientists (1870 to 2021) and arranged them in a public database. Three main periods of activity at the SME are described, as well as the focus made through time to different groups of taxa, selected ecosystems, or biogeographic areas. Through many examples, it was possible to document how these naturalistic, taxonomic descriptions contributed to a broader scientific knowledge within this period. Finally, we discussed trends in taxonomic and naturalistic research, based on the SME experience.

Published
2023
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31. Marine heatwaves drive recurrent mass mortalities in the Mediterranean Sea.

Author

Garrabou J, Gómez-Gras D, Medrano A, Cerrano C, Ponti M, Schlegel R, Bensoussan N, Turicchia E, Sini M, Gerovasileiou V, Teixido N, Mirasole A, Tamburello L, Cebrian E, Rilov G, Ledoux JB, Souissi JB, Khamassi F, Ghanem R, Benabdi M, Grimes S, Ocaña O, Bazairi H, Hereu B, Linares C, Kersting DK, la Rovira G, Ortega J, Casals D, Pagès-Escolà M, Margarit N, Capdevila P, Verdura J, Ramos A, Izquierdo A, Barbera C, Rubio-Portillo E, Anton I, López-Sendino P, Díaz D, Vázquez-Luis M, Duarte C, Marbà N, Aspillaga E, Espinosa F, Grech D, Guala I, Azzurro E, Farina S, Cristina Gambi M, Chimienti G, Montefalcone M, Azzola A, Mantas TP, Fraschetti S, Ceccherelli G, Kipson S, Bakran-Petricioli T, Petricioli D, Jimenez C, Katsanevakis S, Kizilkaya IT, Kizilkaya Z, Sartoretto S, Elodie R, Ruitton S, Comeau S, Gattuso JP, and Harmelin JG

Subjects
Climate Change, Mediterranean Sea, Aquatic Organisms, Ecosystem
Abstract

Climate change is causing an increase in the frequency and intensity of marine heatwaves (MHWs) and mass mortality events (MMEs) of marine organisms are one of their main ecological impacts. Here, we show that during the 2015-2019 period, the Mediterranean Sea has experienced exceptional thermal conditions resulting in the onset of five consecutive years of widespread MMEs across the basin. These MMEs affected thousands of kilometers of coastline from the surface to 45 m, across a range of marine habitats and taxa (50 taxa across 8 phyla). Significant relationships were found between the incidence of MMEs and the heat exposure associated with MHWs observed both at the surface and across depths. Our findings reveal that the Mediterranean Sea is experiencing an acceleration of the ecological impacts of MHWs which poses an unprecedented threat to its ecosystems' health and functioning. Overall, we show that increasing the resolution of empirical observation is critical to enhancing our ability to more effectively understand and manage the consequences of climate change., (© 2022 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2022
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32. Quantification of blue carbon stocks associated with Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows in Corsica (NW Mediterranean).

Author

Monnier B, Pergent G, Mateo MÁ, Clabaut P, and Pergent-Martini C

Subjects
Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Sequestration, Geologic Sediments chemistry, Mediterranean Sea, Alismatales, Ecosystem
Abstract

In the last decades, the increasing necessity to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentrations has intensified interest in quantifying the capacity of coastal ecosystems to sequester carbon, referred to commonly as 'Blue Carbon' (BC). Among coastal habitats, seagrass meadows are considered as natural carbon sinks due to their capacity to store large amounts of carbon in their sediments over long periods of time. However, the spatial heterogeneity of carbon stocks in seagrass sediments needs to be better understood to improve the accuracy of BC assessments, particularly where there is high environmental variability. In the Mediterranean, Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile constitutes extensive meadows considered as long-term carbon sinks due to the development of an exceptional structure known as 'matte', reaching several meters in height, which can be preserved over millennia. In order to specify the role of P. oceanica meadows in climate change mitigation, an estimate of carbon stocks has been conducted along the eastern coast of Corsica (NW Mediterranean). The approach is mainly based on the biogeochemical analysis of 39 sediment cores. Organic carbon (C org ; 327 ± 150 t ha -1 , mean ± SE) and inorganic carbon stocks (C inorg ; 245 ± 45 t ha -1 ) show a high variability related to water depth, matrix (sandy vs rocky substrate) or the depositional environment (coastal vs estuary). The isotopic signature (δ 13 C) revealed a substantial contribution of allochthonous inputs of organic matter (macroalgae and sestonic sources) mainly in estuarine environment and shallow areas. The carbon stocks in the first 250 cm of matte (average thickness) were estimated at 5.6-14.0 million t C org (study site) and 14.6-36.9 million t C org (Corsica), corresponding to 11.6-29.2 and 30.4-76.8 years of CO 2 emissions from the population of Corsica., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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33. Paleozoic origins of cheilostome bryozoans and their parental care inferred by a new genome-skimmed phylogeny.

Author

Orr RJS, Di Martino E, Ramsfjell MH, Gordon DP, Berning B, Chowdhury I, Craig S, Cumming RL, Figuerola B, Florence W, Harmelin JG, Hirose M, Huang D, Jain SS, Jenkins HL, Kotenko ON, Kuklinski P, Lee HE, Madurell T, McCann L, Mello HL, Obst M, Ostrovsky AN, Paulay G, Porter JS, Shunatova NN, Smith AM, Souto-Derungs J, Vieira LM, Voje KL, Waeschenbach A, Zágoršek K, Warnock RCM, and Liow LH

Abstract

Phylogenetic relationships and the timing of evolutionary events are essential for understanding evolution on longer time scales. Cheilostome bryozoans are a group of ubiquitous, species-rich, marine colonial organisms with an excellent fossil record but lack phylogenetic relationships inferred from molecular data. We present genome-skimmed data for 395 cheilostomes and combine these with 315 published sequences to infer relationships and the timing of key events among c. 500 cheilostome species. We find that named cheilostome genera and species are phylogenetically coherent, rendering fossil or contemporary specimens readily delimited using only skeletal morphology. Our phylogeny shows that parental care in the form of brooding evolved several times independently but was never lost in cheilostomes. Our fossil calibration, robust to varied assumptions, indicates that the cheilostome lineage and parental care therein could have Paleozoic origins, much older than the first known fossil record of cheilostomes in the Late Jurassic.

Published
2022
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34. Dominance of Scorpaena maderensis among scorpaenids of littoral rocky reefs in Corsica (NW Mediterranean): Further evidence of Mediterranean Sea warming.

Author

Astruch P, Belloni B, Rouanet E, Schohn T, Harmelin-Vivien M, Harmelin JG, and Boudouresque CF

Subjects
Animals, France, Mediterranean Sea, Perciformes
Abstract

The population of Scorpaenidae was investigated in the Nature Reserve of Scàndula (Corsica, France, NW Mediterranean). While absent from Corsica a few decades ago, the Madeira rockfish Scorpaena maderensis is now the most abundant scorpaenid species in shallow rocky reef areas, far outnumbering Scorpaena notata and Scorpaena porcus. Considered as a subtropical species of Atlantic origin, the northward progression of the thermophilic S. maderensis and its dominance in Corsican waters is further evidence of the ongoing warming of the Mediterranean Sea., (© 2021 Fisheries Society of the British Isles.)

Published
2022
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35. Distribution of seafloor litter and its interaction with benthic organisms in deep waters of the Ligurian Sea (Northwestern Mediterranean).

Author

Angiolillo M, Gérigny O, Valente T, Fabri MC, Tambute E, Rouanet E, Claro F, Tunesi L, Vissio A, Daniel B, and Galgani F

Subjects
Humans, Mediterranean Sea, Plastics analysis, Ships, Ecosystem, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

The Mediterranean Sea is one of the most polluted marine basins and currently serves as a hotspot for marine litter. The seafloor represents the ultimate sink for most litter worldwide. Nevertheless, the knowledge about litter distribution and its interactions with benthic organisms in deep water is poorly understood. In 2018, we investigated spatial patterns of macro- and micro-litter distribution, and their effects on benthic communities in the Ligurian Sea. An oceanographic survey was carried out with a remotely operated vehicle and a multibeam echosounder on seven seamounts and canyons, at depths ranging from 350 to 2200 m. High litter accumulations were discovered at the mouth of the Monaco canyon, where estimated densities of up to 3.8 × 10 4 items km -2 were found at 2200 m depth. The highest abundance of urban litter items was found on the soft substrate, at the bottom of the deeper parts of the submarine canyons, which seem to act as conduits carrying litter from the shelf towards deeper areas. In contrast, fishing-related items were most abundant in the upper layer of the seamounts (300-600 m depths). Furthermore, more than 10% of the observed deep gorgonian colonies were entangled by lost longlines, indicating the detrimental effects of this fishing gear on benthic habitats. The discovery of new litter hotspots and the evaluation of how deep-sea species interact with litter contribute to increasing the knowledge about litter distribution and its effects on the deep ecosystem of the Mediterranean basin. All the observations recorded in this study showed substantial and irreversible changes in the deep and remote areas of marine environments, and these changes were found to be caused by humans. Our findings further stress the need for urgent and specific measures for the management of deep-sea pollution and the reduction of litter inputs in the environment., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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36. Sizing the carbon sink associated with Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows using very high-resolution seismic reflection imaging.

Author

Monnier B, Pergent G, Mateo MÁ, Carbonell R, Clabaut P, and Pergent-Martini C

Subjects
Carbon, Ecosystem, Geologic Sediments, Alismatales, Carbon Sequestration
Abstract

Among blue carbon ecosystems, seagrass meadows have been highlighted for their contribution to the ocean carbon cycle and climate change mitigation derived from their capacity to store large amounts of carbon over long periods of time in their sediments. Most of the available estimates of carbon stocks beneath seagrass meadows are based on the analysis of short sediment cores in very limited numbers. In this study, high-resolution seismic reflection techniques were applied to obtain an accurate estimate of the potential size of the organic deposit underlying the meadows of the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica (known as 'matte'). Seismic profiles were collected over 1380 km of the eastern continental shelf of Corsica (France, Mediterranean Sea) to perform a large-scale inventory of the carbon stock stored in sediments. The seismic data were ground-truthed by sampling sediment cores and using calibrated seismo-acoustic surveys. The data interpolation map highlighted a strong spatial heterogeneity of the matte thickness. The height of the matte at the site was estimated at 251.9 cm, being maximum in shallow waters (10-20 m depth), near river mouths and lagoon outlets, where the thickness reached up to 867 cm. Radiocarbon dates revealed the presence of seagrass meadows since the mid-Holocene (7000-9000 cal yr BP). Through the top meter of soil, the matte age was estimated at 1656 ± 528 cal yr BP. The accretion rate showed a high variability resulting from the interplay of multiple factors. Based on the surface area occupied by the meadows, the average matte thickness underneath them and the carbon content, the matte volume and total C org stock were estimated at 403.5 ± 49.4 million m 3 and 15.6 ± 2.2 million t C org , respectively. These results confirm the need for the application of large-scale methods to estimate the size of the carbon sink associated with seagrass meadows worldwide., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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37. All shallow coastal habitats matter as nurseries for Mediterranean juvenile fish.

Author

Cheminée A, Le Direach L, Rouanet E, Astruch P, Goujard A, Blanfuné A, Bonhomme D, Chassaing L, Jouvenel JY, Ruitton S, Thibaut T, and Harmelin-Vivien M

Abstract

Coastal zones are ecosystems of high economic value but exposed to numerous disturbances, while they represent nurseries for many fish species, raising the issue of the preservation of their functions and services. In this context, the juvenile fish assemblages of all types of habitats present in shallow coastal zones were studied on the south-east coast of France using underwater visual censuses in warm (June-July 2014) and cold (April 2015) periods. A total of fourteen habitat types were characterized, which could be grouped into three broad categories, rocky substrates (natural and artificial), sedimentary bottoms with all levels of granulometry, and seagrass beds including Cymodocea nodosa and Posidonia oceanica meadows; the ecotones or interfaces between the three broad habitat categories were individualized as particular habitat types. The abiotic and biotic descriptors of the 14 habitat types individualized did not vary with time, except for a higher cover percentage and canopy height of macrophytes in the warm period, which increased the three-dimensional structure of some habitats. The taxonomic composition and density of juvenile fish assemblages were analyzed using both multivariate and univariate descriptors, after grouping the 57 fish species recorded into 41 well-individualized taxa. Juvenile fishes were recorded in all habitat types, with higher mean species richness and abundance during the warm than the cold period. The richest habitats in terms of both fish species richness and abundance were the natural rocky substrates and the interfaces between Posidonia beds and the other habitats. Although juvenile fish assemblage composition differed among habitat types and between periods, the most abundant fish species were Atherina sp., Sarpa salpa, Gobiidae, Symphodus spp., Pagellus spp. and several Diplodus species, which colonized 7 up to 14 different habitat types (depending on taxa) during their juvenile life. Most species settled in one or a few specific habitats but rapidly colonized adjacent habitats when growing. This study provided evidence of the role of all types of shallow coastal habitats as fish nurseries and their varying pattern of occupation in space and time by the different juvenile stages. It highlighted the importance of the mosaic of habitats and interfaces for the complete development of all juvenile life stages of fishes, and for the preservation of a high diversity of coastal fish assemblages and fisheries resources in the Mediterranean Sea., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

Published
2021
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38. Seismic interval velocity in the matte of Posidonia oceanica meadows: Towards a non-destructive approach for large-scale assessment of blue carbon stock.

Author

Monnier B, Pergent G, Mateo MÁ, Clabaut P, and Pergent-Martini C

Subjects
France, Grassland, Mediterranean Sea, Alismatales, Carbon
Abstract

High-resolution seismic reflection data have been used over the last decades to estimate the thickness of the long-term Blue Carbon sink associated to the below-ground sediment deposit (matte) of the Posidonia oceanica meadows. Time-to-depth conversion of these geophysical datasets was usually performed assuming a sound velocity in this structure, but appropriate seismic interval velocity measurements is necessary to achieve accurate calibration. This study describes the first methodology to estimate the seismic interval velocity in the matte. This approach performed on the eastern continental shelf of Corsica island (France, NW Mediterranean) is based on measurements of the vertical matte profile from high-resolution seismic reflection profiles (s TWTT) and from seafloor morpho-bathymetric DTM (multibeam echosounders - MBES and Light Detection and Ranging - LiDAR surveys) calibrated with ground-truthing data. A biogeosedimentological analysis of horizontal cores sampled in vertical matte escarpments has been undertaken to identify the potential relationship of sediment and environmental parameters with sound velocity. The cross-comparison and the data intercalibration show significant correlation of MBES (R 2  = 0.872) and LiDAR datasets (R 2  = 0.883) with direct underwater measurements. Seismic interval velocities (n = 367) have been found to range between 1631.9 and 1696.8 m s -1 (95% confidence interval) and are estimated on average at 1664.4 m s -1 , which is similar to the literature for unconsolidated marine sediments. The prediction map provided by the ordinary kriging method emphasized, however, a high variability of sound velocity within the study area. The results showed that changes in sound velocity in the matte are positively and strongly correlated with sand and gravel content and environmental factors such as distance to coastal river mouths and coastline. However, it was found that a negative relationship linked sound velocity with total and coarse organic content of matte deposits., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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39. Biological invasion: Long term monitoring of the macroalgal flora of a major European harbor complex.

Author

Verlaque M and Breton G

Subjects
Atlantic Ocean, Environmental Monitoring, France, Pacific Ocean, Introduced Species, Seaweed
Abstract

The marine macroflora of the ports of Le Havre and Antifer have been studied by citizen scientists since the late 1970s. In addition to analysis of the previous results, the field study was extended from 2010 to 2018. A total of 97 and 62 macroalgae were identified, respectively, including 14 NIS (non-indigenous species), the latter number being certainly an underestimate since microscopic species were not exhaustively sought and given the high number of cryptogenic species encountered. No new primary introduction of NIS for the NE Atlantic has been detected since the late 1970s. The origin of NIS and vector(s) of introduction were investigated. For all NIS, the donor region is the Indo-Pacific. Two likely vectors have been identified: maritime traffic for earlier introductions, and shellfish imports for more recent ones. The role of these ports and maritime traffic in the processes of introduction is discussed., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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40. Functional traits unravel temporal changes in fish biomass production on artificial reefs.

Author

Cresson P, Le Direach L, Rouanet E, Goberville E, Astruch P, Ourgaud M, and Harmelin-Vivien M

Subjects
Animals, Biomass, Conservation of Natural Resources, Ecosystem, Fisheries, Coral Reefs, Fishes
Abstract

Artificial reefs (ARs) are deployed worldwide as they are expected to support fisheries management. While the underlying mechanisms remain widely debated, production was recently determined as the most probable cause of increases in fish biomass. Changes in fish biomass in a temperate AR system were investigated from December 2008 to November 2015 by considering seven distinct functional groups, and isotopic functional indices were used to identify how these changes may have affected organic matter (OM) fluxes. Contrasting patterns of change were observed between functional trophic groups, highlighting that combining the biomass of all species present in a community is inappropriate for assessing AR-induced effects. Benthic sedentary species predominated (>75% of the total biomass) through massive production, with a 68-fold increase in mean biomass over the study period. Mobile species tended to vary seasonally, suggesting only a slight influence of AR. Zooplanktivores biomass decreased over the 6-year period, as a possible result of changes in environmental conditions. Isotopic indices helped to reveal both the community maturation and the importance of local OM sources not only in supporting fish biomass production but also in attracting pelagic species. Our results corroborate that production and attraction are two extremes of a range of contrasting patterns and highlight the importance of considering the specific responses of functional components of fish communities to accurately describe changes in AR functioning. Functional attributes such as trophic traits, habitat use and dispersal abilities must not be overlooked as they modulate fish species responses to the deployment of man-made rocky substrates., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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41. Dynamic of Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows in the northwestern Mediterranean: Could climate change be to blame?

Author

Pergent G, Pergent-Martini C, Bein A, Dedeken M, Oberti P, Orsini A, Santucci JF, and Short F

Subjects
France, Humans, Mediterranean Sea, Time Factors, Alismatales physiology, Climate Change, Environmental Monitoring methods
Abstract

The distribution and the vitality of the P. oceanica meadow were monitored in the western Mediterranean at 15 sites along the coasts of Corsica (1000 km of coastline) using two monitoring systems, the Posidonia Monitoring Network and SeagrassNet, between 2004 and 2013. While the vitality of the meadow is satisfactory overall, due to the low impact of human pressure along these coasts, patterns of change over time show a slight degradation of the main descriptors of the meadow. The meadow's vitality index had declined on average by 8.6%, the BiPo index by 9.8%, and there was a regression of the lower limit at six sites. While this pattern of change may reflect local alterations in the environment (increase or decline in human pressure), the regressive dynamic of the meadow observed at the lower limit at several reference sites (e.g., Marine Protected Areas, sites distant from sources of human impact) is more worrying. Two hypotheses might explain the regression observed: (i) the rise in mean sea level during the study period, which may have resulted in a significant regression in sectors where the slope is relatively slight, and (ii) the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), which declined from 2002 to reach very low values in 2010., (Copyright © 2015 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.)

Published
2015
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42. Response of a seagrass fish assemblage to improved wastewater treatment.

Author

Ourgaud M, Ruitton S, Bell JD, Letourneur Y, Harmelin JG, and Harmelin-Vivien ML

Subjects
Alismatales physiology, Animals, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Food Chain, Population Density, Fishes physiology, Sewage analysis, Wastewater chemistry, Water Purification methods
Abstract

We compared the structure of a seagrass fish assemblage near a sewage outlet before and after improvements to wastewater treatment. To determine whether responses by the fish assemblage were due to changes in water quality or to other factors, comparisons were made with the structure of a fish assemblage from a nearby site unaffected by sewage effluent. Total species richness, density and biomass of fish, decreased at both sites over the 30-year period. An increase in mean trophic level near the sewage outlet following improvements in water quality indicated that wastewater treatment had another important effect. This result is consistent with the reductions in food webs supporting pelagic and benthic fishes that typically accompany decreases in nutrient inputs. Although improvements to wastewater treatment explained much of the variation in the structure of the fish assemblage at PC, our results also suggest that fishing and climate change, at both sites., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2015
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43. An ecosystem-based approach to assess the status of a Mediterranean ecosystem, the Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow.

Author

Personnic S, Boudouresque CF, Astruch P, Ballesteros E, Blouet S, Bellan-Santini D, Bonhomme P, Thibault-Botha D, Feunteun E, Harmelin-Vivien M, Pergent G, Pergent-Martini C, Pastor J, Poggiale JC, Renaud F, Thibaut T, and Ruitton S

Subjects
Biota, Humans, Mediterranean Sea, Water Quality, Alismatales growth & development, Ecological Parameter Monitoring methods, Water Pollutants analysis
Abstract

Biotic indices, which reflect the quality of the environment, are widely used in the marine realm. Sometimes, key species or ecosystem engineers are selected for this purpose. This is the case of the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica, widely used as a biological quality element in the context of the European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD). The good quality of a water body and the apparent health of a species, whether or not an ecosystem engineer such as P. oceanica, is not always indicative of the good structure and functioning of the whole ecosystem. A key point of the recent Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) is the ecosystem-based approach. Here, on the basis of a simplified conceptual model of the P. oceanica ecosystem, we have proposed an ecosystem-based index of the quality of its functioning, compliant with the MSFD requirements. This index (EBQI) is based upon a set of representative functional compartments, the weighting of these compartments and the assessment of the quality of each compartment by comparison of a supposed baseline. The index well discriminated 17 sites in the north-western Mediterranean (French Riviera, Provence, Corsica, Catalonia and Balearic Islands) covering a wide range of human pressure levels. The strong points of the EBQI are that it is easy to implement, non-destructive, relatively robust, according to the selection of the compartments and to their weighting, and associated with confidence indices that indicate possible weakness and biases and therefore the need for further field data acquisition.

Published
2014
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44. Response of rocky reef top predators (Serranidae: Epinephelinae) in and around marine protected areas in the Western Mediterranean Sea.

Author

Hackradt CW, García-Charton JA, Harmelin-Vivien M, Pérez-Ruzafa Á, Le Diréach L, Bayle-Sempere J, Charbonnel E, Ody D, Reñones O, Sanchez-Jerez P, and Valle C

Subjects
Animal Distribution, Animals, Mediterranean Sea, Bass physiology, Biomass, Predatory Behavior
Abstract

Groupers species are extremely vulnerable to overfishing and many species are threatened worldwide. In recent decades, Mediterranean groupers experienced dramatic population declines. Marine protected areas (MPAs) can protect populations inside their boundaries and provide individuals to adjacent fishing areas through the process of spillover and larval export. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of six marine reserves in the Western Mediterranean Sea to protect the populations of three species of grouper, Epinephelus marginatus, Epinephelus costae and Mycteroperca rubra, and to understand in which circumstances MPAs are able to export biomass to neighbouring areas. All the studied MPAs, except one where no grouper was observed, were able to maintain high abundance, biomass and mean weight of groupers. Size classes were more evenly distributed inside than outside MPAs. In two reserves, biomass gradients could be detected through the boundaries of the reserve as an indication of spillover. In some cases, habitat structure appeared to exert a great influence on grouper abundance, biomass and mean individual weight, influencing the gradient shape. Because groupers are generally sedentary animals with a small home range, we suggest that biomass gradients could only occur where groupers attain sufficient abundance inside MPA limits, indicating a strongly density-dependent process.

Published
2014
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