41 results on '"Functional basis"'
Search Results
2. On the functional basis of isotropic vector and tensor functions by Shariff (2023): On the functional basis of isotropic vector...
- Author
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Itskov, Mikhail
- Published
- 2024
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3. Functions of consciousness: conceptual clarification.
- Author
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Niikawa, Takuya, Miyahara, Katsunori, Hamada, Hiro Taiyo, and Nishida, Satoshi
- Subjects
CONSCIOUSNESS ,PHILOSOPHY - Abstract
There are many theories of the functions of consciousness. How these theories relate to each other, how we should assess them, and whether any integration of them is possible are all issues that remain unclear. To contribute to a solution, this paper offers a conceptual framework to clarify the theories of the functions of consciousness. This framework consists of three dimensions: (i) target, (ii) explanatory order, and (iii) necessity/sufficiency. The first dimension, target, clarifies each theory in terms of the kind of consciousness it targets. The second dimension, explanatory order, clarifies each theory in terms of how it conceives of the explanatory relation between consciousness and function. The third dimension, necessity/sufficiency, clarifies each theory in terms of the necessity/sufficiency relation posited between consciousness and function. We demonstrate the usefulness of this framework by applying it to some existing scientific and philosophical theories of the functions of consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
4. Application for Product Functional Model Creation
- Author
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Nenad Bojcetic, Filip Valjak, Stjepan Flegaric, and Mario Storga
- Subjects
design education ,design support tool ,functional basis ,functional modelling ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
The research presented in this article tackles the problem of creation of functional models by students and young engineers. The problem of usage of paper-pen approach is analysed and described. As a solution the creation of the program application is introduced and described. The application introduces a visual aid for better understanding of available functions and flows. The experiment was conducted to validate the application.
- Published
- 2020
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- View/download PDF
5. УТОЧНЮЮЧИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ЗАЛЕЖНОСТЕЙ ВІДНОСНИХ МАГНІТНИХ ПРОНИКНОСТЕЙ АНІЗОТРОПНИХ ХОЛОДНОКАТАНИХ ЕЛЕКТРОТЕХНІЧНИХ СТАЛЕЙ
- Author
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T.E. Divchuk, D.S. Yarymbash, S.T. Yarymbash, I.M. Kylymnyk, M.I. Kotsur, and Yu.S. Bezverkhnia
- Subjects
magnetization characteristics ,anisotropy ,permeability ,spline interpolation ,functional basis ,nonlinear regression method ,electromagnetic field ,Applications of electric power ,TK4001-4102 - Abstract
Мета роботи. Розробити ефективний підхід до визначення математичних функціональних співвідношень для високоточного опису нелінійних залежностей відносної магнітної проникності від індукції магнітного поля із врахуванням анізотропії сучасних марок холоднокатаних електротехнічних сталей, що застосовуються у виробництві нових серій силових трансформаторів. Методи дослідження. Дослідження проводилися із застосуванням методів інтерполяції, апроксимації, регресійного аналізу, математичної фізики, теорії електромагнітного поля. Отримані результати. Проведені дослідження методів функціонального представлення нелінійних характеристик намагнічування феромагнітних матеріалів, у тому числі, холоднокатаних анізотропних електротехнічних сталей. Запропонований уточнюючий підхід до збільшення розмірності вихідних даних на основі методу сплайн-інтерполяції на базисі поліномів Ерміта для цифрованих даних характеристик намагнічування, що виключає збільшення похибок визначення відносних магнітних проникностей на ділянках між вузловими значеннями магнітної індукції. Для математичного опису залежностей відносної магнітної проникності від індукції магнітного поля розроблений спеціальний функціональний базис із функціями Гауса і додатковими функціями похибок, що забезпечує безперервність похідних різних порядків при фіксованих значень кутів між напрямом прокатування анізотропної електротехнічної сталі та магнітного потоку. Застосовано метод нелінійної регресії у структурі вбудованих функцій прикладного пакету MathCAD для високоточного визначення векторів коефіцієнтів регресії у функціональних описах відносних магнітних проникностей. Шляхом верифікації і валідіції результатів уточнюючої нелінійної регресії із даними розрахунків за узагальненою методикою та з експериментальними даними доводиться істотне зменшення відносних похибок, що не перевищують 1,62% при фіксованих значень кутів між напрямом прокатування анізотропної електротехнічної сталі та магнітного потоку. Застосування нових рівнянь регресії істотно покращує умови для польового моделювання електромагнітних полів у режимі неробочого ходу силового трансформатора в структурі засобів Comsol Multiphysics, забезпечуючи стійкість ітераційних обчислювальних процесів. Наукова новизна. Реалізований новий підхід до збільшення розмірності вхідних масивів на основі сплайн-інтерполяції масивів цифрованих даних характеристик намагнічування для фіксованих значень кутів між напрямами прокатування електротехнічної сталі і магнітного потоку. Для рівнянь нелінійної регресії розроблений новий функціональний базис із функціями Гауса та додатковими функціями похибок для математичних описів із безперервними похідними для залежностей відносних магнітних проникностей анізотропних холоднокатаних електротехнічних сталей від індукції магнітного поля із високою точністю в інтервалі зміни кутів між напрямами прокатування та магнітного потоку від 0о до 90о. Практична цінність. Запропоновані у роботі підходи і методики для базису функцій Гауса і додаткових функцій похибок дозволяють істотно підвищити точність визначення нелінійних характеристик анізотропних електротехнічних сталей і зменшити відносні похибки до 1,62% при зміні кутів між напрямами прокатування та магнітного потоку від 0о до 90о.
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- 2018
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6. Multi-Spherical Diffusion MRI: Exploring Diffusion Time Using Signal Sparsity
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Fick, Rutger H. J., Petiet, Alexandra, Santin, Mathieu, Philippe, Anne-Charlotte, Lehericy, Stephane, Deriche, Rachid, Wassermann, Demian, Hege, Hans-Christian, Series editor, Hoffman, David, Series editor, Polthier, Konrad, Series editor, Rumpf, Martin, Series editor, Fuster, Andrea, editor, Ghosh, Aurobrata, editor, Kaden, Enrico, editor, Rathi, Yogesh, editor, and Reisert, Marco, editor
- Published
- 2017
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7. A patent retrieval method and system based on double classification.
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Li, Chuanxiao, Li, Wenqiang, Hong, Yida, and Xiang, Hai
- Subjects
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NUCLEAR pressure vessels , *CLASSIFICATION , *PATENTS - Abstract
As one of the most prominent carriers of knowledge, patents can provide masses of cross-domain knowledge to support the innovative design process of products. However, there is a major problem faced by most patent-aided innovation design systems, that is, identifying and providing patents related to design requirements from a multitude of cross-domain patents. To address this problem, a patent retrieval method based on double classification is proposed in this study, and a corresponding patent-aided innovative design prototype system is also developed. Firstly, the functional attributes are extracted from design requirements and expanded to different fields based on functional bases, by which the primary patent sets are constructed via classifying cross-domain patents. Secondly, technical features are mined from the primary patent sets with the topic model, which is used to classify the primary patent sets in turn and construct the secondary patent sets, hence, corresponding patents can be obtained to solve the design problems. Finally, a patent-aided prototype system is developed based on the proposed method. On the basis of the system, the hole plug of irradiated samples of nuclear reactor pressure vessel has undergone innovative design, which verifies the feasibility and practicability of both the method and system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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8. Impacts of Function-Related Research on Education and Industry
- Author
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Arlitt, Ryan M., Stone, Robert B., Tumer, Irem Y., Chakrabarti, Amaresh, editor, and Lindemann, Udo, editor
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- 2016
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9. Evaluating Methods for Bioinspired Concept Generation
- Author
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Glier, Michael W., Tsenn, Joanna, McAdams, Daniel A., Linsey, Julie S., and Gero, John S., editor
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- 2014
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10. A Thesaurus for Bioinspired Engineering Design
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Nagel, Jacquelyn K. S., Goel, Ashok K, editor, McAdams, Daniel A, editor, and Stone, Robert B., editor
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- 2014
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11. A Method to Compute Early Design Risk Using Customer Importance and Function-Flow Failure Rates
- Author
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O’Halloran, Bryan M., Stone, Robert B., Tumer, Irem Y., and Chakrabarti, Amaresh, editor
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- 2013
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12. A Computational Concept Generation Technique for Biologically-Inspired, Engineering Design
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Nagel, J. K. S., Stone, R. B., and Gero, John S., editor
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- 2011
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13. Generation of a function-component-parameter multi-domain matrix from structured textual function specifications.
- Author
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Wilschut, T., Etman, L. F. P., Rooda, J. E., and Vogel, J. A.
- Subjects
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ENGINEERING systems , *FUNCTION composition , *INTERACTION design (Human-computer interaction) , *TECHNICAL specifications , *PARAMETERS (Statistics) - Abstract
This study introduces a method to build a multi-domain matrix (MDM), visualizing the intended architecture of a system within the component, function, and parameter domains. The MDM is generated from textual function specifications that are subject to a specific grammatical structure and vocabulary based upon the functional basis and interaction basis as presented in the literature. Two types of functions are distinguished: functions specifying what functionality a particular component provides to another component, and functions specifying the internal working (transformation of flow) of a particular component. The fixed grammar for the specification of the two types of functions allows for the automated derivation of dependencies between components, between functions of components, and between system parameters. A case study on a navigation lock demonstrates that the system architecture generated from function specifications matches the architecture of the real lock system fairly well. As such the method can be used in the early design phase to reveal the product architecture that is embodied in the function specifications of system components. The method may also support modeling of high-definition DSMs of existing engineering systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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14. DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPLEX BAKERY IMPROVER «FRESHNESS SMS SUPER» TO EXTEND THE FRESHNESS OF WHEAT BREAD.
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Vasylchenko, T., Bilyk, O., Kochubei-Lytvynenko, O., Breus, N., and Bondarenko, Yu.
- Subjects
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BREAD , *RAW materials , *FOOD additives , *BAKERIES , *CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE - Abstract
The object of research is wheat bread, one of the biggest drawbacks of which is staling during storage. The intensity of the processes in the finished product, which determine the staling, depend on the quality of the raw materials, in particular, the baking properties of the flour. The solution to the problem of prolonging the freshness of wheat bread is possible using non-traditional raw materials, food additives and complex bakery improvers. During the development of the complex bakery improver «Freshness SMS Super», dry whey enriched with Mn and Mg was selected as a functional basis, the technology of which was developed by scientists of the National University of Food Technologies (Kyiv, Ukraine). The active part of the improver includes carboxymethyl cellulose, emulsifier, enzyme preparation of amylolytic action with maltogenic amylase, ascorbic acid, maltodextrin, apple pectin. Based on the Sheffe’s centrifugal plan, we obtained graphical models that predict the optimal dosage of a complex bakery improver «Freshness SMS Super» in the case of processing flour with various baking properties. According to the graphical models it is found that in the case of using medium-strength flour that has a normal gas-tongue ability and water-repellent capacity in the range of 59-61 %, the optimal dosage of the complex bakery improver «Freshness SMS Super» is 1.5 % of the weight of flour. It is established that when using a complex bakery improver «Freshness SMS Super» the products become harder. This is due to the fact that the recipe for a complex bakery improver includes moisture-retaining food additives that, during the storage of bakery products, release moisture more slowly than biopolymers of flour. Also in the composition of the improver is an enzyme preparation with maltogenic α-amylase, which slows the process of starch retrogradation, reducing the loss of moisture by starch. Thanks to the use of the complex bakery improver Freshness SMS Super, bakery products keep freshness up to 72 hours of storage unpacked regardless of the baking properties of the flour [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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15. Empirical Examination of the Functional Basis and Design Repository
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Caldwell, Benjamin W, Sen, Chiradeep, Mocko, Gregory M, Summers, Joshua D, Fadel, Georges M, Gero, John S., editor, and Goel, Ashok K., editor
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- 2008
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16. Product function combination design based on functional redundancy analysis.
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Lu, Chunfu, Chai, Hao, Tian, Mengyang, Peng, Xiang, and Jiang, Shaofei
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PRODUCT design ,CONCEPTUAL design ,DATA reduction ,LINEAR statistical models ,ENGINEERING systems - Abstract
Function combination designs integrate multiple product functions into a single product carrier. In this article, we proposed a function combination design method based on the functional redundancy analysis of parent products for the conceptual design process. According to the design task, we analyzed each parent product function carrier, established an expression model of functional elements based on the functional basis approach, and constructed a functional structure of the parent product based on relationships among energy, material, and signal flow. Then, we established a product function redundancy matrix and carrier redundancy matrix, and obtained redundancy functions and the principle structure carrier. We constructed a function carrier matrix for function combination products, sought the appropriate principle, established a design structure matrix, analyzed the coupling relationship between the principle scheme and structure carrier, and obtained a conceptual scheme of combination products through operations including reuse, variant, removal, and increase. Moreover, we used a sticker removal machine as an example to verify the validity of our function combination method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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17. Product functional information based automatic patent classification: Method and experimental studies.
- Author
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Li, Wen-qiang, Li, Yan, Chen, Jian, and Hou, Chao-yi
- Subjects
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NAIVE Bayes classification , *INFORMATION theory , *FUNCTIONAL analysis , *PATENTS , *CLASSIFICATION algorithms - Abstract
In order to effectively extract the hidden information from the patent texts and to further provide this information to support the product innovation design process, this paper proposed an automatic patent classification method based on the functional basis and Naive Bayes theory. The functions of products are regarded as the innovation attributes, and the function co-reference relations of the patents in different areas are established. Patent classification methods are proposed based on the functions of products and the general steps of the patent classification process are proposed. In addition, three training methods are studied in the experiments, including multi-classification fully supervised training, multiple dichotomous supervised training and semi-supervised training. Through comparing and analyzing the experimental results, a patent text classifier is developed. In summary, this paper provides a general idea and the relevant technologies on how to build a patent knowledge space by automatically extracting and expanding the patent texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Functions of consciousness: conceptual clarification
- Author
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Takuya Niikawa, Katsunori Miyahara, Hiro Taiyo Hamada, and Satoshi Nishida
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Neurology ,meta-theoretical project ,functional contribution ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Neurology (clinical) ,function of consciousness ,functional basis - Abstract
There are many theories of the functions of consciousness. How these theories relate to each other, how we should assess them, and whether any integration of them is possible are all issues that remain unclear. To contribute to a solution, this paper offers a conceptual framework to clarify the theories of the functions of consciousness. This framework consists of three dimensions: (i) target, (ii) explanatory order, and (iii) necessity/sufficiency. The first dimension, target, clarifies each theory in terms of the kind of consciousness it targets. The second dimension, explanatory order, clarifies each theory in terms of how it conceives of the explanatory relation between consciousness and function. The third dimension, necessity/sufficiency, clarifies each theory in terms of the necessity/sufficiency relation posited between consciousness and function. We demonstrate the usefulness of this framework by applying it to some existing scientific and philosophical theories of the functions of consciousness.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Interaction of Poliovirus with its Immunoglobulin-like Cell Receptor
- Author
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Racaniello, Vincent R., Moss, Eric G., Kaplan, Gerardo, Ren, Ruibao, Hook, Magnus, editor, and Switalski, Lech, editor
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- 1992
- Full Text
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20. Application for Product Functional Model Creation
- Author
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Bojčetić, Nenad, Valjak, Filip, Flegarić, Stjepan, and Štorga, Mario
- Subjects
design education ,design support tool ,functional basis ,functional modelling ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) - Abstract
The research presented in this article tackles the problem of creation of functional models by students and young engineers. The problem of usage of paper-pen approach is analysed and described. As a solution the creation of the program application is introduced and described. The application introduces a visual aid for better understanding of available functions and flows. The experiment was conducted to validate the application.
- Published
- 2020
21. Cross-linguistic perception of Mandarin tone sandhi.
- Author
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Chen, Ao, Liu, Liquan, and Kager, René
- Subjects
- *
LINGUISTICS , *SPEECH perception , *SANDHI , *PHONOLOGY , *THEORY of knowledge - Abstract
In the current study, we examined what forms the phonological knowledge of T3 sandhi among native Mandarin listeners and we ask the question whether there are cognitively based perceptual constraints that relate to T3 sandhi. In Mandarin Chinese, T3 sandhi restricts the co-occurrence of low tones (T3), and neutralizes the rising tone (T2) and T3 when followed by another T3. We tested native Mandarin Chinese listeners and Dutch listeners on bisyllabic tone discrimination tasks. We found that the phonological knowledge of native listeners involves the neutralization between T2T3 and underlying T3T3 sequences, rather than perceiving a boundary between consecutive T3s. Dutch listener, without the phonological knowledge of Chinese tones, also perceive T2T3 as most similar to the underlying T3T3 sequence. Such cross-linguistic consistency in perception suggests a common functional basis, where memory limitation may play a role. Listeners may attend more to the offset of an incoming tone, and as T2T3 and T3T3 share the same offset, they tend to be misperceived as identical. Regardless of the cross-linguistic consistency in perception, the misperception between T2T3 and underlying T3T3 is more pronounced among Mandarin listeners, showing that phonological knowledge shapes perception in return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Método e repositório BIOsign : sistematização biomimética para aplicação dos princípios de solução da natureza no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos
- Author
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Detanico, Flora Bittencourt and Teixeira, Fabio Goncalves
- Subjects
Design science research ,Design ,Bio-inspired design ,Biomimetics ,Técnicas criativas ,Creative techniques ,Biomimética ,Product development process ,Nature's solution principles ,Functional basis - Abstract
No contexto do processo de desenvolvimento de produto, a etapa conceitual comporta o uso de diferentes métodos criativos, dentre os quais, a analogia com a natureza, ou biomimética. A biologia, por sua vez, oferece um extenso campo de informações potenciais, as quais, se sistematizadas, podem facilitar o acesso aos seus princípios de solução para aplicação no projeto de produto. A partir da investigação aprofundada da literatura sobre os métodos bio-inspirados existentes, foram identificadas as suas lacunas e pontos fracos, culminando com uma lista de requisitos a serem atendidos. A metodologia proposta para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi a Design Science Research, cuja abordagem é orientada ao desenvolvimento de projetos de artefatos, pois tem como objetivo prescrever e desenvolver conhecimentos para a concepção e elaboração de sistemas com foco em solucionar problemas. A partir do conhecimento gerado ao longo do trabalho, foi possível projetar e desenvolver os artefatos: um artefato-método e um artefato-instanciação, denominados Método e Repositório BIOsign, respectivamente. Os artefatos propostos estimulam e facilitam o uso dos princípios de solução da natureza na concepção de novos produtos, reduzindo o tempo e o esforço dos projetistas em assimilar e transpor as soluções naturais para os sistemas técnicos. Através do processo de decomposição funcional e da analogia com a natureza, o método BIOsign propõe o exercício de abstração, o que tende a minimizar as barreiras à criatividade, possibilitando a geração de soluções alternativas inovadoras. Por outro lado, a sistematização através do uso de um banco de dados de princípios de solução (Repositório BIOsign), tende a reduzir a subjetividade e a imprecisão na busca pelo conhecimento dos sistemas naturais. A quantidade e detalhamento das informações contidas no repositório faz dele uma ferramenta ampla e robusta, capaz de conduzir os usuários a soluções de projeto mais precisas. Os resultados obtidos com o desenvolvimento dos artefatos indicam que o objetivo geral foi atingido, pois, conforme apurado no processo de avaliação, os mesmos satisfazem as necessidades de projeto e os requisitos dos usuários. In the context of the Product Development Process, the conceptual stage involves the use of different creative methods, among which, the analogy with nature, or biomimetics. Biology, in turn, offers an extensive field of potential information, which, if systematized, can facilitate access to its solution principles for application in product design. From the in-depth investigation of the literature on existing bio-inspired methods, their gaps and weaknesses were identified, culminating in a list of requirements. The proposed methodology for the development of the research was Design Science Research, whose approach is oriented to the development of artifact projects, as it aims to prescribe and develop knowledge for the conception and elaboration of systems focused on solving problems. From the knowledge generated throughout the research, it was possible to design and develop the artifacts: an artifact-method and an artifact-instantiation, called BIOsign Method and Repository, respectively. The proposed artifacts stimulate and facilitate the use of nature's solution principles in the design of new products, reducing the time and effort of designers to assimilate and “translate” natural solutions into technical systems. Through the functional decomposition process and the analogy with nature, the BIOsign method proposes the exercise of abstraction, which minimizes barriers to creativity, enabling the generation of innovative alternative solutions. On the other hand, the systematization through the use of a filled of solution principles database (BIOsign Repository), minimizes subjectivity and imprecision in the search for knowledge of natural systems. The amount and detail of the information contained in the repository makes it a broad and robust tool, capable of leading users to more qualified design solutions. The results obtained with the development of the artifacts indicate that the general objective was achieved, because, as determined in the evaluation process, they satisfy the design needs and the requirements of the users.
- Published
- 2021
23. An approach to product solution generation and evaluation based on the similarity theory and Ant Colony Optimisation.
- Author
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Kang, Yuyun and Tang, Dunbing
- Subjects
ANT algorithms ,MATHEMATICAL optimization ,CONCEPTUAL design ,SERVOMECHANISMS ,AUTOMATION ,COMPUTER integrated manufacturing systems - Abstract
An approach to product solution generation is proposed to analyse the conceptual design activities in this paper. In this approach, the sub-functions are defined with the functional basis, and the chief sub-function chain is generated from the constructed functional model. A design repository is developed to store the relationships of sub-functions and artificial components. The similarity theory is used to analyse the compatibility of two adjacent components in a design solution, and the compatibility is described by the generalised distance (GD). The evaluation criteria and weightings of sub-functions are provided and used to select components for a design solution. Under the premise of regarding GD as the path and taking the evaluation score of a component as the pheromone, the Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO) is used to automatically identify the appropriate design solutions. The requirements of sub-functions and the compatibility of two adjacent components are considered in a design solution by the proposed approach. Finally, a case of the 3-Axis Servo Transfer System is introduced to illustrate the application of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. A Grid version of a nonstandard trigonometric basis and its advantages over a similar polynomial basis.
- Author
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Smelov, V.
- Abstract
A grid version of a trigonometric functional basis is proposed. It is aimed at providing high-order approximation of smooth and piecewise-smooth functions. A comparative analysis of this basis and a polynomial one is done. The trigonometric version offers considerable advantages over the polynomial basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Matrix-based computational conceptual design with ant colony optimisation.
- Author
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Kang, Yuyun and Tang, Dunbing
- Subjects
- *
CONCEPTUAL design , *STRUCTURAL optimization , *MATRICES (Mathematics) , *PROTOTYPES , *MECHANICAL engineering - Abstract
Early in the design process, few computational tools exist to help designers more fully explore a problem's solution space. Existing automated concept generators use knowledge from existing designs and the desired functionality of the new product to suggest solutions. These methods produce many candidate solutions, but often provide the designer with unmanageably large sets of solutions. So techniques are needed to organise the set of solutions into smaller groups. Under the premise that quality designs come from experienced designers, this paper presents a matrix-based automated concept generation method that is intended to analyse traditional conceptual design phase activities. The functional model is defined with the functional basis and a repository containing relationships of sub-functions and artificial components is developed. Morphological matrix, function–component matrix and design structure matrix are structured to produce and rank feasible concept solutions in the early design process. Furthermore, ant colony optimisation is used to optimise the generated conceptual candidate solutions and optimal results are demonstrated to the user automatically. Finally, a software prototype is developed and a case study showing the prototype applied to a design problem for transmission mechanism of loading platform is detailed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
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26. A hierarchical functional data analytic approach for analyzing physiologically based pharmacokinetic models.
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Mandal, Siddhartha, Sen, Pranab K., and Peddada, Shyamal D.
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BENZENE ,DIFFERENTIAL equations ,ORDINARY differential equations ,GENE regulatory networks ,PHARMACOKINETICS ,ADSORPTION (Chemistry) ,METABOLISM - Abstract
Ordinary differential equation based models find application in a wide variety of biological and physiological phenomena. For instance, they arise in the description of gene regulatory networks, study of viral dynamics and other infectious diseases and so on. In the field of toxicology, they are used in physiologically based pharmacokinetic models for describing absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of a chemical in vivo. Knowledge about the model parameters is important in understanding the mechanism of action of a chemical and are often estimated using nonlinear least squares methodology. However, there are several challenges associated with the usual methodology. Using functional data analytic methodology, in this article, we develop a general framework for drawing inferences on parameters in models described by a system of differential equations. The proposed methodology takes into account variability between and within experimental units. The performance of the proposed methodology is evaluated using a simulation study and data obtained from a benzene inhalation study. We also describe an R-based software developed toward this purpose. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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27. An empirical study of the expressiveness of the functional basis.
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Caldwell, Benjamin W., Sen, Chiradeep, Mocko, Gregory M., and Summers, Joshua D.
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ENGINEERING design , *SYSTEMS engineering , *CONSUMER goods , *REVERSE engineering , *EMPIRICAL research , *VOCABULARY , *COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Function models are frequently used in engineering design to describe the technical functions that a product performs. This paper investigates the use of the functional basis, a function vocabulary developed to aid in communication and archiving of product function information, in describing consumer products that have been decomposed, analyzed, modeled functionally, and stored in a Web-based design repository. The frequency of use of function terms and phrases in 11 graphical and 110 list-based representations in the repository is examined and used to analyze the organization and expressiveness of the functional basis and function models. Within the context of reverse engineering, we determined that the modeling resolution provided by the hierarchical levels, especially the tertiary level, is inadequate for function modeling; the tertiary terms are inappropriate for capturing sufficient details desired by modelers for archiving and reuse, and there is a need for a more expressive flow terms and flow qualifiers in the vocabulary. A critical comparison is also presented of two representations in the design repository: function structures and function lists. The conclusions are used to identify new research opportunities, including the extension of the vocabulary to incorporate flow qualifiers in addition to more expressive terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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28. Networks of trends: systematic definition of evolutionary scenarios.
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Cascini, Gaetano, Rotini, Federico, and Russo, Davide
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Abstract: TRIZ literature presents several papers and even books claiming the efficiency of Altshuller''s Laws of Engineering System Evolution as a means for produce technology forecasts. Nevertheless, all the instruments and the procedures proposed so far suffer from poor repeatability, while the increasing adoption of innovation as the key factor for being competitive requires reliable and repeatable methods and tools for the analysis of emerging technologies and their potential impact. The present paper proposes an original algorithm to build a Network of Evolutionary Trends for a given Technical System with repeatable steps. Such a goal has been achieved by integrating well known models and instruments for system description and functional analysis. The overall procedure, still under further development, has been clarified by means of one of the case studies carried out for its validation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2011
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29. Quantifying and formalizing product aspects through patent mining.
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Verhaegen, Paul-Armand, D’hondt, Joris, Vertommen, Joris, Dewulf, Simon, and Duflou, Joost R.
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Abstract: Like most front-end design methodologies, TRIZ is characterized by the need of an abstraction level to apply the methodology. Users of these methodologies rely on intrinsic skills to map a specific situation to a abstracted one, analyze it through the methodology, and, if applicable, map it back to a specific situation. A methodology and algorithm are proposed that eliminate this subjective and difficult to perform mapping by formalizing automatically identified, fine-grained product dimensions or Aspects. These Aspects can be applied in idea generation and problem solving contexts, e.g. building a function database, performing trends analysis and searching for similar products. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2011
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30. Evaluation of the functional basis using an information theoretic approach.
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Sen, Chiradeep, Caldwell, Benjamin W., Summers, Joshua D., and Mocko, Gregory M.
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MECHANICAL engineering , *INDUSTRIAL design , *ENGINEERING design , *MODELING (Sculpture) , *INFORMATION modeling , *SEMANTICS , *COMPUTERS in engineering , *ANALYTIC functions , *METRIC spaces - Abstract
A metric for computing the information content of function models in mechanical engineering design is proposed. Function models are graph-based representations used to describe the functionality of engineered artifacts, where the nodes are function verbs and the edges are the objects of action. The functional basis, a controlled vocabulary of these verbs and nouns organized in a three level hierarchy, is intended to support consistent representation of function models. The Design Repository is a Web-based archive of function models of consumer products described with the functional basis. This paper presents the theoretical underpinnings of a metric for the information content of function models, the assumptions required to support it, the definitions of key terms associated with it, and its practical interpretation. Finally, the metric is used to study the usefulness of the functional basis through a series of experiments on function models within the Design Repository. The results of the experiment indicate that the secondary level of the functional basis is the most beneficial to designers, both in terms of information content and information density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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31. A new computational method for acquiring effect knowledge to support product innovation.
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Liu, Hongwei, Li, Wenqiang, and Li, Yan
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- *
KNOWLEDGE representation (Information theory) , *CONSUMER expertise , *PRODUCT design , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
Effect provides a scientific principle-level means for product function realization. The unexpected or new application of effects can create high-level innovations enabling products long-term technical advantages and market competitiveness. Acquiring design knowledge is the vital first step of conducting product innovation activities. In order to capture the effect knowledge that can efficiently aid high-level product innovation, this article proposes a new computational method. The method stems from a novel effect knowledge representation considering both functional and technical area features, and utilizes functional-flow terms of Functional Basis and technical area categories of international patent classification (IPC) respectively to standardize the modelling of the two kinds of features. Based on such representation, the method reasonably combines syntactic analysis, WordNet and word vector technologies to extract the desired effect knowledge from IPC text. To evaluate the method, this article first compares the acquired knowledge with those in a comprehensive human-compiled effect database, and then applies the knowledge to aid the innovation design of several mechanical products with different technical backgrounds. Evaluation results and the discussion based on them suggest the feasibility and potential of the proposed method in automatically acquiring well-organized effect knowledge system, as well as in aiding high-level product innovation. • A function-technical area representation is used to capture effect knowledge. • Knowledge acquisition is executed by text analysis and concept classification. • The knowledge obtained can aid designing products with high-level innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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32. УТОЧНЯЮЩИЙ ПОДХОД К ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ЗАВИСИМОСТЕЙ ОТНОСИТЕЛЬНЫХ МАГНИТНЫХ ПРОНИЦАЕМОСТЕЙ АНИЗОТРОПНЫХ ХОЛОДНОКАТАНЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СТАЛЕЙ
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M. I. Kotsur, Yu.S. Bezverkhnia, I. M. Kylymnyk, S. T. Yarymbash, T. Divchuk, and Dmytro S. Yarymbash
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Materials science ,характеристики намагнічування ,анізотропія ,відносна магнітна проникність, сплайн-інтерполяція, функціональний базис, метод нелінійної регресії, електромагнітне поле ,020209 energy ,Gaussian ,Mathematical analysis ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,Magnetic flux ,Magnetic field ,symbols.namesake ,Magnetization ,Nonlinear system ,magnetization characteristics ,anisotropy ,permeability ,spline interpolation ,functional basis ,nonlinear regression method ,electromagnetic field ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,symbols ,engineering ,характеристики намагничивания ,анизотропия ,относительная магнитная проницаемость, сплайн-интерполяция, функциональный базис, метод нелинейной регрессии, электромагнитное поле ,Spline interpolation ,Nonlinear regression ,Electrical steel - Abstract
Мета роботи. Розробити ефективний підхід до визначення математичних функціональних співвідношень для високоточного опису нелінійних залежностей відносної магнітної проникності від індукції магнітного поля із врахуванням анізотропії сучасних марок холоднокатаних електротехнічних сталей, що застосовуються у виробництві нових серій силових трансформаторів.Методи дослідження. Дослідження проводилися із застосуванням методів інтерполяції, апроксимації, регресійного аналізу, математичної фізики, теорії електромагнітного поля.Отримані результати. Проведені дослідження методів функціонального представлення нелінійних характеристик намагнічування феромагнітних матеріалів, у тому числі, холоднокатаних анізотропних електротехнічних сталей. Запропонований уточнюючий підхід до збільшення розмірності вихідних даних на основі методу сплайн-інтерполяції на базисі поліномів Ерміта для цифрованих даних характеристик намагнічування, що виключає збільшення похибок визначення відносних магнітних проникностей на ділянках між вузловими значеннями магнітної індукції. Для математичного опису залежностей відносної магнітної проникності від індукції магнітного поля розроблений спеціальний функціональний базис із функціями Гауса і додатковими функціями похибок, що забезпечує безперервність похідних різних порядків при фіксованих значень кутів між напрямом прокатування анізотропної електротехнічної сталі та магнітного потоку. Застосовано метод нелінійної регресії у структурі вбудованих функцій прикладного пакету MathCAD для високоточного визначення векторів коефіцієнтів регресії у функціональних описах відносних магнітних проникностей. Шляхом верифікації і валідіції результатів уточнюючої нелінійної регресії із даними розрахунків за узагальненою методикою та з експериментальними даними доводиться істотне зменшення відносних похибок, що не перевищують 1,62% при фіксованих значень кутів між напрямом прокатування анізотропної електротехнічної сталі та магнітного потоку. Застосування нових рівнянь регресії істотно покращує умови для польового моделювання електромагнітних полів у режимі неробочого ходу силового трансформатора в структурі засобів Comsol Multiphysics, забезпечуючи стійкість ітераційних обчислювальних процесів.Наукова новизна. Реалізований новий підхід до збільшення розмірності вхідних масивів на основі сплайн-інтерполяції масивів цифрованих даних характеристик намагнічування для фіксованих значень кутів між напрямами прокатування електротехнічної сталі і магнітного потоку. Для рівнянь нелінійної регресії розроблений новий функціональний базис із функціями Гауса та додатковими функціями похибок для математичних описів із безперервними похідними для залежностей відносних магнітних проникностей анізотропних холоднокатаних електротехнічних сталей від індукції магнітного поля із високою точністю в інтервалі зміни кутів між напрямами прокатування та магнітного потоку від 0о до 90о.Практична цінність. Запропоновані у роботі підходи і методики для базису функцій Гауса і додаткових функцій похибок дозволяють істотно підвищити точність визначення нелінійних характеристик анізотропних електротехнічних сталей і зменшити відносні похибки до 1,62% при зміні кутів між напрямами прокатування та магнітного потоку від 0о до 90о., Purpose. To develop an effective approach for the determination of mathematical functional relationships for the high-precision description of the nonlinear dependences of the permeability on the magnetic flux density, taking into account the anisotropy of modern cold-rolled electrotechnical steel, which are used in the production of new series of power transformers.Methodology. The researches were carried out using interpolation methods, approximation, regression analysis, mathematical physics, electromagnetic field theory.Findings. The methods of functional conception of nonlinear characteristics of magnetization of ferromagnetic materials, including cold-rolled anisotropic electrotechnical steels, are researched. An adjustment approach is proposed to increase the dimension of the initial data, based on the spline interpolation method on the Hermite polynomial basis for the digital data of the magnetization characteristics. This excludes an increase of the errors in determining the permeabilities in the sections between the nodal values of the magnetic flux density. For a mathematical description of the dependences of the permeability on the magnetic flux density, a special functional basis with Gaussian functions and additional error functions has been developed, that ensures the continuity of derivatives of various orders at fixed angular values between the rolling direction of anisotropic electrical steel and magnetic flux. The method of nonlinear regression in the structure of function package of the Mathcad software for the high-precision determination of regression coefficient vectors in functional descriptions of permeabilities is applied. With the help of verification and validation of the results, which adjusting nonlinear regression with computational data using the generic method and with experimental data, a significant decrease in the relative errors that do not exceed 1.62% for fixed angles between the direction of rolling of anisotropic electrical steel and magnetic flux is obtained. The application of the new regression equations substantially improves the conditions for the field simulation of electromagnetic fields in the open-circuited mode of the power transformer in the Comsol Multiphysics software, and ensures the stability of iterative computing processes.Originality. A new approach to increasing the dimension of input arrays, based on spline interpolation of digital data arrays of magnetization characteristics for fixed angles between the directions of rolling of the electrical steel and magnetic flux is implemented. For nonlinear regression equations, a new functional basis with Gaussian functions and additional error functions for mathematical descriptions with continuous derivatives for the dependences of the permeabilities of anisotropic cold-rolled electrotechnical steels on the magnetic flux density with high accuracy in the range of angles variation between the rolling directions and magnetic flux from 0º to 90º.Practical value. The approaches and techniques for the basis of Gaussian functions and additional error functions proposed in this paper make it possible to significantly improve the accuracy of determining the nonlinear characteristics of anisotropic electrotechnical steels. Also to reduce the relative errors to 1.62% when the angles between directions of rolling of the electrotechnical steels and magnetic flux vary from 0° to 90°., Цель работы. Разработать эффективный подход для определения математических функциональных соотношений для высокоточного описания нелинейных зависимостей относительной магнитной проницаемости от индукции магнитного поля с учетом анизотропии современных марок холоднокатаных электротехнических сталей, которые применяются в производстве новых серий силовых трансформаторов.Методы исследования. Исследования проводились с применением методов интерполяции, аппроксимации, регрессионного анализа, математической физики, теории электромагнитного поля.Полученные результаты. Проведены исследования методов функционального представления нелинейных характеристик намагничивания феромагнитних материалов, в том числе, холоднокатаных анизотропных электротехнических сталей. Предложен уточняющий подход к увеличению размерности исходных данных на основе метода сплайн-интерполяции на базиси полиномов Эрмита для цифровых данных характеристик намагничивания, что исключает увеличение погрешностей определения относительных магнитных проницаемостей на участках между узловыми значениями магнитной индукции. Для математического описания зависимостей относительной магнитной проницаемости от индукции магнитного поля разработан специальный функциональный базис с функциями Гаусса и дополнительными функциями погрешностей, обеспечивающий непрерывность производных различных порядков при фиксированных значений углов между направлением прокатки анизотропной электротехнической стали и магнитного потока. Применен метод нелинейной регрессии в структуре встроенных функций прикладного пакета MathCAD для высокоточного определения векторов коэффициентов регрессии в функциональных описаниях относительных магнитных проницаемостей. Путем верификации и валидации результатов уточняющей нелинейной регрессии с данными расчетов по обобщенной методике и с экспериментальными данными получено существенное уменьшение относительных погрешностей, которая не превышают 1,62% при фиксированных значений углов между направлением прокатки анизотропной электротехнической стали и магнитного потока. Применение новых уравнений регрессии существенно улучшает условия для полевого моделирования электромагнитных полей в режиме холостого хода силового трансформатора в структуре средств Comsol Multiphysics, и обеспечивает устойчивость итерационных вычислительных процессов.Научна новизна. Реализован новый подход к увеличению размерности входных массивов на основе сплайн-интерполяции массивов цифровых данных характеристик намагничивания для фиксированных значений углов между направлениями прокатки электротехнической стали и магнитного потока. Для уравнений нелинейной регрессии разработан новый функциональный базис с функциями Гаусса и дополнительными функциями погрешностей для математических описаний с непрерывными производными для зависимостей относительных магнитных проницаемостей анизотропных холоднокатаных электротехнических сталей от индукции магнитного поля с высокой точностью в интервале изменения углов между направлениями прокатки и магнитного потока от 0º до 90º.Практическая ценность. Предложенные в работе подходы и методики для базиса функций Гаусса и дополнительных функций погрешностей позволяют существенно повысить точность определения нелинейных характеристик анизотропных электротехнических сталей и уменьшить относительные погрешности до 1,62% при изменении углов между направлениями прокатки и магнитного потока от 0 º до 90°.
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- 2018
33. Разработка комплексного хлебопекарного улучшителя «Свежесть СМС Супер» для продления свежести пшеничного хлеба
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Tetyana Vasylchenko, Yulia Bondarenko, Natalia Breus, Oksana Kochubei-Lytvynenko, and Olena Bilyk
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food.ingredient ,Starch ,functional basis ,lcsh:Business ,Raw material ,УДК 644.041 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,food ,lcsh:Technology (General) ,Food science ,Mathematics ,свіжість пшеничного хлібу ,комплексний хлібопекарський поліпшувач ,функціональна основа ,активна частина ,Maltogenic amylase ,Food additive ,freshness of wheat bread ,complex baking improver ,active part ,Recipe ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Wheat bread ,Maltodextrin ,Ascorbic acid ,040401 food science ,chemistry ,UDC 644.041 ,lcsh:T1-995 ,lcsh:HF5001-6182 ,свежесть пшеничного хлеба ,комплексный хлебопекарный улучшитель ,функциональная основа ,активная часть - Abstract
The object of research is wheat bread, one of the biggest drawbacks of which is staling during storage. The intensity of the processes in the finished product, which determine the staling, depend on the quality of the raw materials, in particular, the baking properties of the flour.The solution to the problem of prolonging the freshness of wheat bread is possible using non-traditional raw materials, food additives and complex bakery improvers.During the development of the complex bakery improver «Freshness SMS Super», dry whey enriched with Mn and Mg was selected as a functional basis, the technology of which was developed by scientists of the National University of Food Technologies (Kiev, Ukraine). The active part of the improver includes carboxymethyl cellulose, emulsifier, enzyme preparation of amylolytic action with maltogenic amylase, ascorbic acid, maltodextrin, apple pectin.Based on the Sheffe’s centrifugal plan, we obtained graphical models that predict the optimal dosage of a complex bakery improver «Freshness SMS Super» in the case of processing flour with various baking properties. According to the graphical models it is found that in the case of using medium-strength flour that has a normal gas-tongue ability and water-repellent capacity in the range of 59-61 %, the optimal dosage of the complex bakery improver « Freshness SMS Super» is 1.5 % of the weight of flour.It is established that when using a complex bakery improver «Freshness SMS Super» the products become harder. This is due to the fact that the recipe for a complex bakery improver includes moisture-retaining food additives that, during the storage of bakery products, release moisture more slowly than biopolymers of flour. Also in the composition of the improver is an enzyme preparation with maltogenic α-amylase, which slows the process of starch retrogradation, reducing the loss of moisture by starch.Thanks to the use of the complex bakery improver Freshness SMS Super, bakery products keep freshness up to 72 hours of storage unpacked regardless of the baking properties of the flour., Объектом исследования в работе является пшеничный хлеб, одним из самых больших недостатков которого является черствение во время хранения. Интенсивность протекания процессов в готовом изделии, обусловливающие черствение, зависят от качества сырья, в частности хлебопекарных свойств муки.Решение проблемы продления свежести пшеничного хлеба возможно использованием нетрадиционного сырья, пищевых добавок и комплексных хлебопекарных улучшителей.В ходе разработки комплексного хлебопекарного улучшителя «Свежесть СМС Супер» было выбрано как функциональную основу сухую молочную сыворотку, обогащенную Mn и Mg, технология которой разработана учеными Национального университета пищевых технологий (Киев, Украина). В состав активной части улучшителя включены карбоксиметилцеллюлоза, эмульгатор, ферментный препарат амилолитического действия с мальтогенной амилазой, аскорбиновая кислота, мальтодекстрин, яблочный пектин.По сиплекс-центроидному плану Шеффе получены графические модели, по которым можно предвидеть оптимальную дозировку комплексного хлебопекарного улучшителя «Свежесть СМС Супер» в случае переработки муки с различными хлебопекарными свойствами. Согласно графическим моделям установлено, что в случае использования муки средней по силе, что имеет нормальную газообразующую способность и водопоглотительную способность в пределах 59–61 %, оптимальная дозировка комплексного хлебопекарного улучшителя «Свежесть СМС Супер» составляет 1,5 % к массе муки.Установлено, что при использовании комплексного хлебопекарного улучшителя «Свежесть СМС Супер» изделия черствеют медленнее. Это связано с тем, что в рецептуру комплексного хлебопекарного улучшителя входят влагоудерживающие пищевые добавки, которые во время хранения хлебобулочных изделий медленнее отдают влагу, чем биополимеры муки. Также в состав улучшителя входит ферментный препарат с мальтогенной α-амилазой, которая замедляет процесс ретроградации крахмала, снижая потерю влаги крахмалом.Благодаря использованию комплексного хлебопекарного улучшителя «Свежесть СМС Супер» хлебобулочные изделия сохраняют свежесть до 72 ч хранения в неупакованном виде независимо от хлебопекарных свойств муки., Об’єктом дослідження у роботі є пшеничний хліб, одним з найбільших недоліків якого є черствіння під час зберігання. Інтенсивність перебігу процесів в готовому виробі, що зумовлюють черствіння, залежать від якості сировини, зокрема хлібопекарських властивостей борошна.Вирішення проблеми подовження свіжості пшеничного хліба можливе використанням нетрадиційної сировини, харчових добавок та комплексних хлібопекарських поліпшувачів.В ході розроблення комплексного хлібопекарського поліпшувача «Свіжість СМС Супер» було обрано як функціональну основу суху молочну сироватку, збагачену Mn та Mg, технологія якої розроблена науковцями Національного університету харчових технологій (Київ, Україна). До складу активної частини поліпшувача включено карбоксиметилцелюлозу, емульгатор, ферментний препарат амілолітичної дії з мальтогенною амілазою, аскорбінову кислоту, мальтодекстрин, яблучний пектин.За сиплекс-центроідним планом Шеффе отримано графічні моделі, за якими можна передбачувати оптимальне дозування комплексного хлібопекарського поліпшувача «Свіжість СМС Супер» у разі переробки борошна з різними хлібопекарськими властивостями. Відповідно до графічних моделей встановлено, що у разі використання борошна середнього за силою, що має нормальну газоутворювальну здатність та водопоглинальну здатність в межах 59–61 %, оптимальне дозування комплексного хлібопекарського поліпшувача «Свіжість СМС Супер» становить 1,5 % до маси борошна.Встановлено, що у разі використання комплексного хлібопекарського поліпшувача «Свіжість СМС Супер» вироби черствіють повільніше. Це пов’язано з тим, що до у рецептуру комплексного хлібопекарського поліпшувача входять вологоутримуючі харчові добавки, які під час зберігання хлібобулочних виробів повільніше віддають вологу, ніж біополімери борошна. Також до складу поліпшувача входить ферментний препарат з мальтогенною α-амілазою, яка уповільнює процес ретроградації крохмалю, знижуючи втрату вологи крохмалем.Завдяки використанню комплексного хлібопекарського поліпшувача «Свіжість СМС Супер» хлібобулочні вироби зберігають свіжість до 72 год зберігання в неупакованому вигляді незалежно від хлібопекарських властивостей борошна.
- Published
- 2018
34. Representations for Isotropic and Anisotropic Non-Polynomial Tensor Functions
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Boehler, J. P. and Boehler, J. P., editor
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- 1987
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35. Networks of trends: systematic definition of evolutionary scenarios
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Gaetano Cascini, Davide Russo, and Federico Rotini
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Potential impact ,model ,Operations research ,Emerging technologies ,Computer science ,FBS ,General Medicine ,Laws of engineering systems evolution ,Technology forecasting ,EMS model ,Functional basis ,FBS model ,law.invention ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,law ,Settore ING-IND/15 - Disegno e Metodi dell'Ingegneria Industriale ,Key (cryptography) ,TRIZ ,Engineering(all) - Abstract
TRIZ literature presents several papers and even books claiming the efficiency of Altshuller's Laws of Engineering System Evolution as a means for produce technology forecasts. Nevertheless, all the instruments and the procedures proposed so far suffer from poor repeatability, while the increasing adoption of innovation as the key factor for being competitive requires reliable and repeatable methods and tools for the analysis of emerging technologies and their potential impact. The present paper proposes an original algorithm to build a Network of Evolutionary Trends for a given Technical System with repeatable steps. Such a goal has been achieved by integrating well known models and instruments for system description and functional analysis. The overall procedure, still under further development, has been clarified by means of one of the case studies carried out for its validation.
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- 2011
- Full Text
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36. Quantifying and Formalizing Product Aspects through Patent Mining
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Joost Duflou, Paul-Armand Verhaegen, Joris D'hondt, Simon Dewulf, and Joris Vertommen
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TRIZ ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,law.invention ,Abstraction layer ,law ,Product (category theory) ,Function (engineering) ,Engineering(all) ,media_common ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Ideation ,Functional basis ,Patent mining ,CIB_DESIGN ,Function database ,Artificial intelligence ,Data mining ,Product properties ,business ,computer - Abstract
Like most front-end design methodologies, TRIZ is characterized by the need of an abstraction level to apply the methodology. Users of these methodologies rely on intrinsic skills to map a specific situation to a abstracted one, analyze it through the methodology, and, if applicable, map it back to a specific situation. A methodology and algorithm are proposed that eliminate this subjective and difficult to perform mapping by formalizing automatically identified, fine-grained product dimensions or Aspects. These Aspects can be applied in idea generation and problem solving contexts, e.g. building a function database, performing trends analysis and searching for similar products. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. ispartof: pages:323-336 ispartof: Proceedings of the ETRIA TRIZ Future 2009 vol:9 pages:323-336 ispartof: ETRIA TRIZ Future 2009 location:Timisoara, Romenia date:4 Nov - 6 Nov 2009 status: published
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- 2009
37. Networks of trends: systematic definition of evolutionary scenarios
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Cascini, Gaetano and Russo, Davide
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Laws of Engineering Systems Evolution ,Technology Forecasting ,FBS model ,EMS model ,Functional basis - Published
- 2008
38. Function Based Archival and Retrieval: Developing a Repository of Biologically Inspired Product Concepts
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Golden, Ira Joshua and Golden, Ira Joshua
- Abstract
Many new product concepts have been developed by using inspiration from the biological world. These bio-inspired concepts offer many advantages in the development of engineered products and devices. However, there exist difficulties in locating promising sources for bio-inspiration. This thesis describes the development of an open repository of biologically inspired product concepts that will provide engineers access to a new resource for design ideas and examples. The current repository contains 89 different biologically inspired products, and new product concepts can be submitted to the repository by their developers. In order to make these design concepts more accessible, a new and easy-to-use method of function based archival and retrieval was developed - the Functional Description Template. This method can be used to archive functions of all classes of products, but is used in this application for bio-inspired products and biological systems. The Functional Description Template uses an extensible functional language to record product functions so that they are more expressive and complete while still being computer interpretable. In order to evaluate this new method, a study was conducted that offers a direct comparison to a Functional Basis, an alternative approach to archiving functions. The evaluation showed that the Functional Description Template method allowed greater expressiveness and completeness in the user's recorded functional statements. Using the Functional Description Template method, the participants in the study recorded more matched terms, averaging an increase of 29 matched terms, and lost less functional information, averaging 7 fewer pieces of information lost. Also, the participants improved their correctness in recording their functions by an average of 23%. Evaluation forms completed by the participants also indicated that the Functional Description Template was easier to use and more accurate in recording the user's functions. In additi
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- 2005
39. An Evaluation of Function-Based Representations and Information Archival in Engineering Design
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Caldwell, Benjamin
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- design repository, engineering design, function structure, Functional Basis, Engineering Mechanics
- Abstract
Recent research in function-based design includes the development of a vocabulary of functions, the Functional Basis, and a repository of products and their functions. Many design tools are being developed around this vocabulary and repository to support conceptual design. The usefulness of these tools, however, is dependent on the quality of the vocabulary and the information contained in the repository. In this research, both the vocabulary and the repository are empirically evaluated to understand their strengths and limitations. A statistical analysis is performed on function models in the repository to determine the frequency of usage of Functional Basis terms. It is determined from this analysis that many of the functions described in the repository are component-specific, contradicting the intent of function-based design, which is to remain solution-neutral. The hierarchical organization of the vocabulary is also analyzed by altering the level used within function structures. It is concluded that the hierarchy allows changes in the level of specificity of functions, but it is independent of function decomposition. A set of pruning rules is then presented that reduces the number of highly decomposed, component-specific functions from function structures. Pruned function structures are simpler, less component-specific, and provide a more consistent level of decomposition for repository tools to reason upon. Opportunities for future work identified through this research include extending and refining the existing vocabulary, developing a grammar for function structures, and developing a schema and similarity metric for a next-generation repository.
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- 2009
40. Functional modeling for TRIZ-based evolutionary analyses
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Gaetano Cascini, Rotini, F., and Russo, D.
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TRIZ ,Laws of Engineering Systems Evolution ,FBS model ,EMS model ,Functional Basis ,Technology Forecasting ,Settore ING-IND/15 - Disegno e Metodi dell'Ingegneria Industriale
41. Formalizations of functions within the dolce ontology
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Borgo, Stefano, Carrara, Massimiliano, Garbacz, Pawel, and Pieter E. Vermaas
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Functional representation ,DOLCE ,Function ,Formal ontology ,Functional basis - Abstract
In this paper we give formalizations of two engineering concepts of technical functions and present in more general terms the project of supporting engineering functional reasoning by means of ontological analyses. The concepts that we formalize are the concepts of function as defined in the Functional Representation approach by Chandrasekaran and Josephson and in the Functional Basis approach by Stone and Wood. These two concepts represent two main ways of understanding functions in engineering: the first by means of the behavior of artifacts, and the second by means of operations on flows as preformed by artifacts. Both formalizations are given within the foundational DOLCE ontology. Our choice to formalize existing concepts of functions within a single foundational ontology, is one strategy towards the goal of ontological analyses of functions. This goal of enabling the development of tools for automated functional reasoning, may be realized by other strategies as well, such as defining a single formalized concept of function, either for replacing existing concepts or for use as a reference to which existing concepts should be related. We compare these strategies briefly and discuss the merits and shortcomings of our strategy. © Organizing Committee of TMCE 2010 Symposium.
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