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Ekspresija CD44 i MMP9 kod bolesnika s karcinomom prostate.

The kidneys are organs with multiple functions and essential to maintain life. Ablative procedures, such as nephrectomy, diminish nephron mass and can have a potentially negative impact on renal function. We investigated renal function outcome in patients who underwent nephrectomy for renal cell cancer with special emphasize on elderly patients. Data from 104 patients who underwent nephrectomy for kidney cancer in the Department of Urology, University Hospital Rijeka from January 2005 to December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had a normal concentration of serum creatinine and a normal contralateral kidney before surgery. Renal function, as estimated by the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), was determined before and after nephrectomy using the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. We compared the eGFR before and after nephrectomy in the patients of different age. The mean preoperative eGFR was 75.2 mL/min, and the mean postoperative eGFR was 52.7 mL/min (p0.0001). In the group of patientsor = 65 years old, the mean preoperative GFR was 69.2 mL/min, and the mean postoperative eGFR was 47.4 mL/min (p0.0001). Our data indicate that the eGFR significantly decreased after nephrectomy for kidney cancer. In elderly patients, diminished renal function following nephrectomy was more prominent.

Uloga koštanih morfogenetskih proteina u patogenezi karcinoma prostate i razvoju koštanih metastaza.

Ekspresija BMP-7 kod pijelonefritisa.

Bone remodeling is a process that occurs continuously in a seemingly inactive tissue like bone. Because of decreased votamin D synthesis, phosphorus retention and decreased calcium blood concentration, patients with chronic renal failure develop secondary hyperparathyroidism. Elevated PTH levels shifts balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity in favor of osteoblast activity and therefore bone resorption. We presumed that renal transplantation reverses bone metabolism disorder and our goal was to establishe whether osteoblast and osteoclast activity returns to the levels of healthy individuals.

Purpose and method: Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) is a chemokine involved in the macrophage infiltration of tumor tissue. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a population of mononuclear phagocytic cells that can have a complex function in tumor biology. The aim of this study was to determine the possible correlation between parenchymal MCP-1 expression and TAM level by immunohistochemical analysis of 97 invasive ductal breast carcinomas, not otherwise specified (NOS), and to investigate their relation with tumor size, histological grade, mitotic activity index (MAI) and lymph node status. Secondly, the MCP-1 mRNA was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in eight samples of normal breast tissue and 27 samples of invasive breast carcinomas and compared with TAMs. Results: MCP-1 immunoreactivity was present in tumor cells (17/97), but also in TAMs, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. The statistical analysis did not show a significant correlation between MCP-1 expression in tumoral epithelium and tumor size, histological grade, MAI, lymph node status or TAMs. The results of RT-PCR showed that, in all cases of breast carcinomas (27/27) and the majority of normal breast tissues (7/8), the number of detected MCP-1 cDNA copies was above the detection limit. However, carcinomas showed higher levels of MCP-1 mRNA than normal breast tissue. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis did not find a significant correlation between MCP-1 expression and macrophage infiltrations. Conclusion: These results indicate that MCP-1 is probably not the only and/or crucial factor involved in macrophage attraction to tumor locus in breast carcinoma.

A case of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the right humerus which occurred in a 21-year-old male patient after an impact to the right shoulder in a car accident in July 1983 is described. Seventeen years after the injury, due to a civil lawsuit, the biopsy material was revised. Immunohistochemical analysis showed CD20 and CD79a positivity on large pleomorphic cells, while small reactive lymphocytes were CD3, Bcl-2 and CD20 positive. Molecular analysis carried out with PCR revealed a monoclonal B-lymphocyte population. The diagnosis of diffuse large peripheral B cell lymphoma of the bone was confirmed. The present case concurs with the literature on primary bone lymphoma, in which the diagnostic problem, trauma-related presentation and an excellent prognosis of malignant tumour are emphasized.

The aim of this study was to determine MCP-1 expression by RT-PCR in tumor cells in compare to normal breast tissue and to investigate the possible correlation between TAM and number of MCP-1 mRNA in invasive breast carcinoma.

Proliferative and antiapoptotic activity showed a progressive growth from benign to malignant melanocytic lesions. The strongest expression of p53 in dysplastic naevi suggests that its overexpression could be the first step in the loss of cell cycle regulation and possible malignant transformation of melanocytes.

The aim of this comparative study was observing the differences between dysplastic naevi (DN) and cutaneus melanomas (CM). This was done with immunostaining for Ki-67 which represents a proliferative marker, bcl-2 as an anti-apoptotitc and p53 as an apoptotic marker.