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Brodie is a high-yielding white-fleshed potato cultivar with resistance to both pathotypes Ro1 and Ro2 of the golden cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) and partial resistance to pathotype Pa2/3 of the pale cyst nematode (G. pallida). It was selected from a cross made at Cornell University in 1998 between Cornell breeding clones NY121 and NY115 and released by the New York Agricultural Experiment Station in 2018. The tubers are oval and slightly flattened, with shallow eyes and smooth attractive skin. In addition to its suitability for tablestock, Brodie also has merit for chipping as its chip color is good, comparable in lightness to the chipping cultivar Snowden when chipped out of two to four months of 6.7 °C storage. Specific gravity of Brodie averaged 1.078 across 63 Northeastern US trials, 0.010 less than Atlantic in the same locations, while marketable yield averaged 115% of Atlantic across 70 trials in New York and Pennsylvania. For growers affected by pathotypes Ro1 and Ro2 of the golden nematode, Brodie provides a means of producing a marketable crop while simultaneously decreasing infestation levels of both Ro1 and Ro2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fresh markets play crucial roles in everyday life in emerging economies such as Thailand. Operated by local governments or small companies, these facilities are regarded as less equipped actors for utilizing resources and handling environmental problems, including solid waste. Therefore, the operations of fresh markets are considered as a linear business model where materials and wastes are not efficiently utilized in the economic system. Taking the case of the Don Klang Market, Thailand, this research investigated how a strategic environmentally motivated corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative on solid waste can transform a linear flow of solid waste for realizing circular economy (CE). Through a society-wide social return on investment analysis, the results reveal that the strategic environmental CSR on solid waste creates impacts toward CE benefiting the company and stakeholders. Moreover, the study reveals that assistance is essential for small companies to take up a role in promoting CE. This research contributes to the improvement of solid-waste management and sheds some light on CE realization through CSR in the context of emerging economies.

Lehigh is a yellow-fleshed potato cultivar with excellent yield and resistance to both common scab and race Ro1 of the golden cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis). It was selected from a cross made at Cornell University in 1994 between the fresh-market cultivar Keuka Gold and the chipping cultivar Pike and released by the New York Agricultural Experiment Station in 2007. The tubers are oval and slightly flattened, with shallow eyes and netted skin. Although currently grown primarily for the fresh market, Lehigh is also used by restaurants for fresh-cut fries. The fry color of Lehigh is comparable in lightness to the chipping cultivar Snowden when chipped out of 10 °C storage after two months storage. Lehigh specific gravity averaged 1.080 across 60 Northeastern US trials, while marketable yield averaged 111% of Atlantic across 80 trials in New York, Pennsylvania and Maine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polaris Gold is a late-maturing, yellow-fleshed, beige-yellow skinned cultivar with round tubers and an established reputation for culinary versatility and excellent flavor. Tuber size distribution favors large tubers when the crop is allowed to completely bulk, and small-to-medium tubers when harvested in an interval typical for specialty table-stock cultivars. The beige-yellow, almost transparent skin allows the bright yellow-flesh color to be seen on uncut tubers. Yields are lower than for Yukon Gold, an earlier-maturing, yellow, fresh-market potato cultivar, regarded as an industry standard. Seed growers and commercial producers have been planting Polaris Gold (evaluated as MN04844-07Y) since 2012. Anecdotal reports from consumers laud its versatility, describing it as being excellent for chips, home fries, lefse, kugelis, pan roasting, salads, and even mashing. Specific gravity was 1.070 over three locations. Polaris Gold will be released with the publication of this article, and Plant Variety Protection (PVP) will not be sought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commercial grape production requires cultivars that have high yield and quality and are also adapted to Florida's unique soils, weather, insects, and disease pressures. Other desired cultivar characteristics depend upon type of market and use. Fresh-fruit markets require a large-sized grape with high sugar content, a pleasing taste, an attractive, thin skin, and a dry scar-end that allows the grapes a minimum of one week of shelf life (https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/HS100). Wine, juice, and jelly cultivars require consistently high yields. For muscadine cultivars to be economically viable, commercial yields should be at 6 t 8 tons/acre. Berries must have a minimum of 14º Brix at harvest and a favorable sugar to acid ratio (https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/HS100). Color stability and the ability to maintain a good taste in the finished product are also requirements for grape juice or wine. For more information about grape production in Florida visit https://hos.ifas.ufl.edu/grape/. This article provides a general overview on the commercial fresh market, wine and juice grape cultivars to county extension agents, extension faculty, grape growers, homeowners and students who are interested in growing grapes in Florida. Previous version: Breman, J., and P. C. Andersen. (2009) 2018. “Commercial Fresh Market, Wine, Juice, and Jelly Grape Cultivars for Florida, [2018]: HS1152/HS401, 6/2018”. EDIS 2018 (3). https://doi.org/10.32473/edis-hs401-2008.

Purpose: A study was conducted on the effect of single-based fertilizers and compound fertilizers on the nutritive quality potential of lettuce (var. Eden), sweet pepper (var. Yellow wonder), and carrot (var. Bahia). Research method: This was accomplished following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Lettuce, sweet pepper, and carrot were fertilized using 71 kg, 100 kg, and 128 kg of ammonium sulphate (20.5 % N, 23.4 % S)/ha, 350 kg of NPK (15-15-15)/ha, and Control/No fertilizer application; 81 kg, 100 kg, and 138 kg of 6-24-12 NPK/ha, 225 kg of NPK (15-15-15)/ha, and Control; and on 43 kg, 71 kg, and 100 kg of 10-10-30 NPK/ha, 225 kg of NPK (15-15-15)/ha, and Control; respectively. Findings: Compound fertilizer resulted in high Fe content in lettuce whiles Single 2 treatment was in favour of that in carrot and sweet pepper. Single 3 treatment resulted in high Ca content in lettuce and sweet pepper whiles Single 2 treatment was in favour of that in carrot. Compound fertilizer resulted in high Mg content in lettuce whiles Single 3 treatment was in favour of that in carrot and sweet pepper. Crude protein content of lettuce, carrot, and sweet pepper was significantly high in the single-based fertilizer treatments. Compound fertilizer treatments recorded high carbohydrate content for lettuce and sweet pepper. All treatments recorded high moisture and high fat content. Limitations: No limitations. Originality/Value: Proximate composition patterns were strikingly dissimilar in all test crops.

Fresh markets play crucial roles in everyday life in emerging economies such as Thailand. Operated by local governments or small companies, these facilities are regarded as less equipped actors for utilizing resources and handling environmental problems, including solid waste. Therefore, the operations of fresh markets are considered as a linear business model where materials and wastes are not efficiently utilized in the economic system. Taking the case of the Don Klang Market, Thailand, this research investigated how a strategic environmentally motivated corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative on solid waste can transform a linear flow of solid waste for realizing circular economy (CE). Through a society-wide social return on investment analysis, the results reveal that the strategic environmental CSR on solid waste creates impacts toward CE benefiting the company and stakeholders. Moreover, the study reveals that assistance is essential for small companies to take up a role in promoting CE. This research contributes to the improvement of solid-waste management and sheds some light on CE realization through CSR in the context of emerging economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Consumers, traders and processors consider post‐harvest physiological deterioration (PPD) an important constraint. In Experiment 1, PPD was assessed three consecutive years in roots from five genotypes through seven storage days. PPD, scopoletin and dry matter content (DMC) was recorded during storage. Year, genotype, duration of storage and their interactions were significant. PPD was associated with duration of storage period, DMC and scopoletin contents. Ambient moisture and temperature during storage influenced PPD. In Experiment 2, roots from seven clones were harvested 10 months after planting from 30 consecutive biweekly plantings. PPD was assessed 0, 2 and 7 days after harvest. In 13 harvests, roots from plants pruned six days earlier were also evaluated. Results indicated large seasonal variation across genotypes. Pruning reduced PPD and DMC. Complex and contrasting relationships among the variables analysed were found. There is no uniform model explaining the relationship between PPD and the independent variables considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on thornless blackberry Twilight which was released by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service breeding program in Corvallis, Oregon in cooperation with Oregon State University's Agricultural Experiment Station. It mentions about red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) as the cooperating grower in Washington.

The article focuses on Galaxy, a thornless, semierect highquality blackberry released by the U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) breeding program in Corvallis, Oregon. It mentions that the ploidy of ‘Galaxy' has not been determined, but is presumed to be tetraploid because it crossed readily with, and produced fertile offspring with, other tetraploid parents.

In this article the author offers information on Eclipse which is a thornless, semierect, high quality blackberry that has firm, uniformly shaped, dark fruit suited for the fresh market and that ripen in the early season for this type of blackberry. Topics discussed ‘Eclipse' was released by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service breeding program in Corvallis, and ‘Eclipse' was moderate yielding with yields comparable to the other commercial cultivars in trial.

The article offers information on Liz' and 'Rocco' Strawberries. Topics include outstanding characteristics of ‘Rocco' are its early season ripening and high soluble solids content; strawberry breeding program gene pool and includes genetic background from both eastern and western sources; and eastern cultivar Honeoye from Cornell Experimental Station.

The term 'quality' is a complex parameter in the field of potato production, and the desired quality traits depend on the intended use. Important internal quality traits for potatoes are tuber flesh discolouration, dry matter, and starch content. External quality traits include tuber size and shape as well as resistance against mechanical stress during and after harvest. These quality traits are closely interrelated and genetically controlled. It has been demonstrated that all these parameters are also linked to the nutrient status of the plant and/or the tubers. For instance, the susceptibility of tubers for discolouration of both fresh market and processed cultivars is closely related not only to the nutrient supply but also to post-harvest treatment. Besides, the potential to form carcinogenic compounds like acrylamide from precursors during the deep-frying of potato products and the accumulation of toxic substances like glycoalkaloids are important quality criteria in terms of food safety. The influence of the supply of nutrients on potato tuber quality depends initially on their physiological functions, but the ratio to other nutrient needs should also be taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citrus canker is an important bacterial disease of citrus in several regions of the world. Strains of Xanthomonas citri type-A (Xc-A) group are the primary pathogen where citrus canker occurs. After Xc-A entered the Northeast of Argentina in 1974, the disease spread rapidly from 1977 to 1980 and then slowed down and remained moving at slow pace until 1990 when it became endemic. Citrus canker was detected in Northwest Argentina in 2002. This paper presents the main steps in the fight of the disease and the management strategies that have been used to control citrus canker at this time. We think the process might be usefull to other countries with the same situation. Results from more than 40 years of research in Northeast (NE) Argentina indicate that we are at the limit of favorable environment for the disease. The severity of citrus canker is greatly affected by the environment and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon which causes cyclic fluctuations on the disease intensity in the NE region. Weather-based logistic regression models adjusted to quantify disease levels in field conditions showed that the environmental effect was strongly modulated by the distance from a windbreak. Production of healthy fruits in citrus canker endemic areas is possible knowing the dynamics of the disease. A voluntary Integrated Plan to Reduce the Risk of Canker has been in place since 1994 and it allows growers to export unsymptomatic, uninfested fresh fruit to countries which are free of the disease and require healthy, pathogen free fruits. The experience from Argentina can be replicated in other countries after appropriate trials.

Abstract Harvested blueberries are sorted in packinghouses to remove pre-mature fruits and plant debris, packaged in polyethylene clamshells, and cooled in refrigeration facilities before being shipped to the fresh markets. This study determined the microbial quality of fresh blueberries collected from berry packinghouses. Unpacked and packed blueberries (n = 124) were collected in duplicate at the beginning of the day, lunchtime, and the end of the day from six different packinghouses in Georgia in the summer of 2015 and 2017. Collected berries were rinsed or homogenized in 0.1 M phosphate buffered saline and appropriate dilutions were inoculated on tryptic soy agar, MacConkey agar, Enterococcus agar and potato dextrose agar. Resulting microbial colonies were enumerated and presumptive fecal coliforms and enterococci confirmed. Eleven berry samples from three packinghouses tested positive for fecal coliforms and one sample tested positive for enterococci. Mean total aerobic counts, total yeast and mold counts and total coliform counts of the berries were 3.89, 4.42 and 1.42 log CFU/g, respectively. Sampling time had significant influence (P ≤ 0.05) on the recovery of all three groups of microorganisms. On average, berry samples collected at the end of the day had the lowest microbial counts. Homogenization of berries recovered significantly higher numbers of yeast and mold and total coliform cells than rinsing. In general, packing process had no significant influence (P > 0.05) on recovered microbial counts, however, unpacked berries had numerically higher aerobic counts and yeast and mold counts than packed berries. This study suggests that sorting of blueberries before packing for the fresh market does not lead to significant reductions in microbial counts. Highlights • Microbial quality of packed/unpacked blueberry from 6 packing lines were evaluated. • Sampling time had influence on the recovery of total TAC, Y&M, and coliform cells. • Berry samples collected at the end of the day had the lowest microbial counts. • Homogenization of berries recovered more Y&M and total coliform cells than rinsing. • Eleven and 1 sample(s) tested positive for fecal coliforms or enterococci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article introduces the Marys Peak strawberry cultivar released by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS) breeding program. It discusses the origins of the cultivar from a cross made out of fruit named Pinnacle for mixing the characteristics of open plant architecture, its good performance and yield in the harvest trials.

Swine is an economically important livestock, yet pork consumption and close contact with pigs are associated with the risk of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. Limited data on the prevalence of HEV in Southeast Asia have mainly examined farm animals. To investigate the potential zoonotic transmission of HEV from dietary consumption of pork and variety meats (i.e., offal or organ meats), we obtained 1090 liver, 559 pork meat, and 556 intestine samples from fresh markets in the Bangkok metropolitan area between November 2014 and February 2015. The presence of HEV was assessed using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Concurrently, 720 bile and 553 fecal samples from a slaughterhouse were also examined. Overall, HEV RNA was found in 0.23 % of the market samples and 3.93 % of the slaughterhouse samples. Fecal and bile samples were more likely to test positive compared to liver, pork, and intestine samples ( p < 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all HEV sequences obtained in this study formed a cluster closely related to genotype 3f. Pork and variety meats derived from pigs are commonly sold in fresh markets throughout Southeast Asia. Here, a relatively low HEV prevalence from pork and variety meats sold in Bangkok was found. Additional studies will be required to further assess potential dietary transmission of HEV elsewhere in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The influence of POP type on shape abnormality perception and purchase probability is studied. • The moderating role of shape type (i.e., abnormality level) in the relationship POP type – abnormality perception is studied. • Romanian consumers' misshapen tomato abnormality perceptions are lowest in fresh markets. • UK consumers' misshapen tomato abnormality perceptions are lowest in organic supermarket stands. • POP can be a 'decision point' for retailers regarding misshapen fruits and vegetable markets. The present study endorses the point of purchase (POP) as a 'decision point' for the distribution of misshapen fruits and vegetables (FVs) and a contributor to reducing food waste. We have explored the influence of POP type on consumer perceptions of tomato shape abnormality and its purchase probability, and the moderating role of the actual tomato shape abnormality level. Two online surveys questioned a total of 1021 Romanian and British consumers. The results show that consumers perceive misshapen tomatoes as 'least misshapen' and 'most likely to be bought' in fresh markets (Romania) or the organic stand of the supermarkets (UK). This study provides managerial recommendations on the selection of point of sale for misshapen fresh FVs with the aim of addressing the problem of food waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]