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4. Design of three-level flying-capacitor commutation cells with four paralleled 650 V/60 A GaN HEMTs

Author

Tianyu Zhao, Francois Costa, Denis Labrousse, Rolando Burgos, Hans H. Sathler, Bernardo Cougo, and Gilles Segond

Subjects
Materials science, Buck converter, business.industry, Transistor, Gallium nitride, Capacitance, law.invention, Switching time, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Overvoltage, law, Logic gate, Optoelectronics, Commutation, business
Abstract

This paper presents two improved solutions (Vertical and Horizontal commutation cells according to cell disposition in the PCB) for three-level flying capacitor (FC) topologies with four 650 V/ 60 A (25 mΩ) GS66516T GaN (Gallium Nitride) HEMTs (High Electron Mobility Transistors) in parallel per switch intended to be used in a 540 V / 70 kVA power drive system. Both solutions were built and experimentally tested, as a buck converter, regarding switching speed (15.14 kV / µs max) and overvoltage (6 % max) for different current levels (7 A to 53 A).

Published
2021

5. Analytical model of a resonator for PCB-embedded power conversion

Author

Denis Labrousse, Francois Costa, Mickael Petit, Yoann Pascal, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)

Subjects
Materials science, General Computer Science, Magnetism, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Theoretical Computer Science, law.invention, Printed circuit board, Resonator, Electric power conversion, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, 0101 mathematics, Transformer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Numerical Analysis, Applied Mathematics, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrostatics, Finite element method, Electromagnetic coil, Modeling and Simulation, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing
Abstract

This study proposes a comprehensive analytical model of the magnetism, electrostatics, and loss mechanisms of a simple and economical structure with a printed circuit board-embedded magnetic component (coil, high leakage transformer, or resonator) for electric power conversion in the range 1 W–100 W. The predictions of this model are compared to finite element simulations. A good match is obtained over a wide bandwidth (up to at least 10 MHz). The model is adapted to predict the electrical characteristics of the device used as a monolithic series-LC tank, with a resonant frequency in the MHz range. A prototype is built to prove the applicability of the model, which is intended for the design and optimisation of power electronics converters.

Published
2021

6. A New Topology of DC-DC Converter Based On Piezoelectric Resonator

Author

Ghislain Despesse, Francois Costa, and Mustapha Touhami

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Steady state, Materials science, Piezoelectric resonators, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Topology (electrical circuits), 02 engineering and technology, Experimental validation, Topology, 01 natural sciences, Power (physics), Electricity generation, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Dc dc converter, Voltage
Abstract

This paper presents a new topology of DC-DC converter based on a piezoelectric resonator (PR). We introduce the principle conversion and an analytical model in steady state operating. A prototype was fabricated for experimental validation, and the first results demonstrate the conversion principle. The proposed prototype, operating initially in radial mode, achieved an efficiency higher than 95% for power conversion up to 10 W at 120 – 48 V input-output voltage, and an efficiency of 93% was measured for 16 W. Furthermore, an efficiency of 85 % at output power of 38 W was achieved by parallelizing 3-PRs. In addition, the thickness operating mode is demonstrated at 1 MHz, and exhibited an output power of 40 W with an efficiency of 85 % for 120 – 48 V input-output voltage, and a peak output power is obtained at 80 W. A peak output power of 100 W is reached for input-output voltage of 200- 60 V with an efficiency of 83.5 %. These first results showed good performances for DC-DC converter based on a PR well matched for high-to-low voltage conversion and low power conversion.

Published
2020

7. Conducted Noise Investigation for IMS Based GaN HEMT Power Module by Black Box Model

Author

Francois Costa, Amina Gahfif, Marwan Ali, Pierre-Etienne Levy, Mounira Berkani, Bertrand Revol, SAFRAN Group, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), and École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)

Subjects
Computer science, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 05 social sciences, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electromagnetic compatibility, 02 engineering and technology, Converters, Electromagnetic interference, Noise, EMI, Power module, Power electronics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Common-mode signal, 050107 human factors, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Boost converters based on GaN components are known to generate high levels of electromagnetic interferences (EMI) in common mode (CM) and / or in differential mode (DM). In this article, it is shown how a part of the CM current comes from the DM source and how to significantly reduce this effect. Solution is based on "balancing" the propagation paths between the positive line and the return line with taking care of a well-balanced inductances and parasitic capacitances distribution. By reducing significantly, CM current total electromagnetic interferences also reduce and thus facilitates compliance with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards. This approach is a good prerequisite for an optimal designing of the filter afterward.

Published
2020

8. Modeling of Common-Mode Voltage Source for Multilevel Inverter Topologies

Author

Francois Costa, Denis Labrousse, Jean Pierre Carayon, Hans H. Sathler, Bernardo Cougo, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), and École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Electrical engineering, Choke, 02 engineering and technology, Converters, 7. Clean energy, Electromagnetic interference, Power (physics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Equivalent circuit, Inverter, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Common-mode signal, Voltage source, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Power converters are considered the major source of electromagnetic interference (EMI) in power conversion devices in electric vehicles and in more electrical aircraft. Several works study the impact of power converters on conducted emissions (CE), due mainly to common-mode (CM) currents, most of them with the traditional two-level inverter in power drive systems. An inverter is commonly modeled as a voltage source with input and output impedances. This paper presents an equivalent circuit of parallel and series multilevel inverters that can be used to analytically calculate CM currents. The method developed here, precisely estimates CM currents which is very important to prevent CM chokes to saturate and to fail on respecting standard limits.

Published
2020

9. Implementation of Control Strategy for Step-down DC-DC Converter Based on Piezoelectric Resonator

Author

Francois Costa, Benjamin Pollet, Ghislain Despesse, Mustapha Touhami, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, «Soft Switching», 020209 energy, «Power conversion», 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Electrical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, «DC-DC converter», «Control Strategy», 7. Clean energy, Piezoelectricity, Energy storage, law.invention, Capacitor, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], «Piezoelectric Resonator», law, Power electronics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Miniaturization, Transformer, Field-programmable gate array, business, Voltage
Abstract

International audience; With the growth in demand for miniaturization in power electronics, the current solutions are starting to display their limits in dimensions, power densities and efficiency. To meet the previous demands, the new piezoelectric materials achieving high power densities and efficiency could be the solution to ensuring the requirements. The piezoelectric resonators (PRs) and the piezoelectric transformers (PTs) have been used previously. Unlike the PTs, the use of PRs in power electronics has not been fully explored, and their use has been limited to operating as switched capacitors. However, a new operating principle using PRs based on energy and electrical balance exhibits good performances in steady state. In this paper, our motivation is to investigate in the capability to control a dc-dc converter based on PRs using this operating principle. Indeed, this paper presents the control strategy of a new step-down DC-DC converter based on a piezoelectric resonator (PR), which is used as an energy storage element. The operating principle of the converter is also presented. Moreover, the control algorithm has been implemented in field programmable gate array (FPGA) to regulate the output voltage. The control principle is validated experimentally for input-output voltages 120-48 V, and achieving an efficiency up to 94% for large operating power range.

Published
2020

10. Meso-scale piezoelectric energy harvester for low-frequency rotational motion

Author

Wei-Jiun Su, C. T. Chen, Francois Costa, Dejan Vasic, and Wen-Jong Wu

Subjects
Materials science, Cantilever, Wind power, business.industry, Acoustics, Rotational speed, Energy consumption, business, Turbine, Wind speed, Rotational energy, Voltage
Abstract

Wind energy has been seen as a most potential renewable energy. However, in shore environments, the wind turbine usually suffers constant impact of sand and strong wind speed, which causes the surface to deteriorate: cracks may appear. To reduce the wind turbine operations and maintenance (O and M) cost, assembling a self-powered surface condition monitoring system (SCMS) becomes the most important measures. In this paper, a meso-scale piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) was fabricated, based on a tapered cantilever beam to scavenge the rotational energy to power SCMS. The advantages are to increase its output power density and its lifetime comparing to the traditional rectangular cantilever beam. A frequency up-conversion method was adopted to accommodate PEH to working under variety of rotational speed by using two opposing magnets. With different distances between two magnets, the output voltage and the daily output energy of the PEH were investigated under 5 rpm – 30 rpm rotational speed. The maximum output voltage is 2.7 V, 9.1 V and 13.6 V when the magnets spacing is 3 mm, 2 mm and 1 mm, respectively. For the magnet spacing of 1 mm, the daily output energy of the PEH was estimated to be 5.26 J under periodic magnetic plucking at 30 rpm, much higher than the 0.2 J of SCMS’s daily energy consumption, making this harvester an excellent solution for the abovementioned needs.

Published
2020

11. Optimized Design of an LCL Filter for Grid Connected Photovoltaic System and Analysis of the Impact of Neighbors’ Consumption on the System

Author

Chabakata Mahamat, Mickael Petit, Francois Costa, Rym Marouani, Abdelkader Mami, Mahamat, Chabakata, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Application de l'Efficacité énergétique et Energies renouvelables (LAPER), and Laboratoire d'Application de l'Efficacité énergétique et Energies renouvelables (LAPER)-Laboratoire d'Application de l'Efficacité énergétique et Energies renouvelables (LAPER)

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, LCL filter, grid connected photovoltaic system, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Optimized design, lcsh:TK1-9971, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents an optimized design method for an filter for a grid connected photovoltaic system. This method is based on the Fast Fourier Transform () of the current and voltage which provides the current ripples thus allowing to find the filter passives elements. A trick which consists of inductances fragmentation is adopted in order to reduce the volume and the cost of the filter. Then, we do an analysis taking into account the impact of our neighbors' consumption. This system is controlled by a decoupled active and reactive power control (control) using a Phase Locked Loop () for the system's synchronization. Finally, we present and discuss the results of our simulation obtained by Matlab software (simulink and simpowersystems) in order to highlight the proposed study.

Published
2017

12. Magnetic plucked meso-scale piezoelectric energy harvester for low-frequency rotational motion

Author

Wei-Jiun Su, C. T. Chen, Francois Costa, Wen-Jong Wu, and Dejan Vasic

Subjects
Materials science, Acoustics, Rotation around a fixed axis, Low frequency, Condensed Matter Physics, Piezoelectricity, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Energy harvester, Meso scale, Mechanics of Materials, Signal Processing, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Civil and Structural Engineering
Published
2021

13. High Frequency Modeling of PCB Interconnects with the Thin Wire Method: some Applications Test Cases

Author

Benoit Goral, Arnaud Guena, Francois Costa, Thales SIX GTS France, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Frequency band, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, Microstrip, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Planar, Electric power transmission, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Miniaturization, Electronic engineering, RLC circuit, Equivalent circuit, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Due to the miniaturization of High Speed PCB design, and the application of carbon nanotubes (CNT), high frequency modeling of 3D electrical interconnects is fundamental to reduce the interference of common mode noise due to the crosstalk and radiation mechanisms. This paper describes a new high frequency extension of equivalent circuit approach named “Thin Wire Method” mainly based on RLC electrical decomposition into a cylindrical equivalent representation of PCB topology [6]. This equivalent electrical modeling provides an efficient EMC analysis of planar and multilayered board circuit configurations; and consequently, it can be extended to model the total losses of electrical interconnect of high speed design at high frequency band, more several Gigahertz [4], [5]. A theoretical description of these electrical losses composed of three main electrical parameters: metallic, dielectric and radiated terms will be focused, and implemented in the Thin Wire Method, and the equivalent cylindrical representation of microstrip [9]. On the other hand, a specific discussion about the electrical contribution of the radiated term introduced in an electrical representation by [10] will be given. Few electrical applications test cases will be simulated and compared with a different simulation methodology developed in [11] in order to estimate simulation time and computing resources gain. Finally the special case of nonuniform transmission lines using this equivalent cylindrical modeling approach will be provided, and discussed regarding the previous research works based on the perturbative analysis [12]

Published
2019

14. EMC 'Black Box' model for unbalanced power electronic converters

Author

Francois Costa, Amina Gahfif, Mounira Berkani, Marwan Ali, and Pierre Etienne Levy

Subjects
Computer science, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Mode (statistics), 020206 networking & telecommunications, Topology (electrical circuits), 02 engineering and technology, Network theory, Converters, Power (physics), Black box, Boost converter, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Common-mode signal
Abstract

In the first part, this papers proposes a “black box” model for the EMC modelling of a power converter in the case of an asymmetrical topology due to the conversion structure or because of imperfections of the components. The modelling approach relies on external observations and the two-port network theory. Because of the imbalance of the converter, the common to differential mode conversion (and reverse) are considered. This model is applied to a boost converter in the second part of the paper to investigate the imbalance effect on common mode current.

Published
2019

15. A longitudinal traveling wave piezoelectric transformer

Author

Francois Costa, T Martinez, Dejan Vasic, Gael Pillonnet, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Equipe Commune LETI - BIOMERIEUX, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-BIOMERIEUX, and Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Piezoelectric transformer, Materials science, Acoustics, Metals and Alloys, 02 engineering and technology, Experimental validation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Secondary side, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Amplitude, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrode, Traveling wave, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Transformer, Instrumentation
Abstract

This work presents a novel topology of piezoelectric transformer based on longitudinal traveling wave. As contrary to classic piezoelectric transformer, the use of a traveling wave allows the obtaining of a multiphase system at the secondary side of the transformer. This topology is particularly suitable in power-electronics as it allows different conversions: DC-AC with variable frequency, interleaved DC-DC. A general analytical modelling of the system is presented to determine the electrical performances based on the geometry and type of material. Experimental validation is done on a traveling-wave piezoelectric transformer based on a hollow thin cylinder with 12 electrodes. With this number of electrodes, the proposed transformer can output a four-phase system. For input amplitude of 30 V, the longitudinal traveling wave piezoelectric transformer can transfer a power of 6.5 W or reach 90% efficiency for a cylinder of 20 mm radius, 1 mm thickness and 10 mm depth.

Published
2019

16. Effects of disc-shaped piezoelectric size reduction on resonant inductorless DC-DC converter

Author

Ghislain Despesse, Benjamin Pollet, Mustapha Touhami, Francois Costa, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Size reduction, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Volt, 02 engineering and technology, Piezoelectric transducer, 01 natural sciences, Piezoelectricity, Energy conversion, Power (physics), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Power electronics, 0103 physical sciences, DC-DC power conversion, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Optoelectronics, Energy transformation, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, 010301 acoustics, Dc dc converter, Power density
Abstract

International audience; This paper studies the impact of disc-shaped piezoelectric resonator dimensions on a non-isolated inductorless piezoelectric DC-DC converter. An analytical model, linking geometrical parameters to output power and efficiency is introduced. This later reveals the benefits of reducing the thickness and diameter of the piezoelectric disk. Five piezoelectric discs with different dimensions are tested and compared in experimental works, giving very high efficiency up to 98% and output power up to 1.7 W. An exceptional power density of 366 W.cm-3 was measured at 450 kHz for a 25-30 Volt conversion with an efficiency of 81%.

Published
2019

17. Sequential Switch Association in an N-Stage Interleaved Boost Converter for High Efficiency AC-DC Conversion

Author

Lotfi Beghou, Francois Costa, Université Mustapha Ben Boulaid de Batna 2, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Transistor, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Topology (electrical circuits), 02 engineering and technology, Power factor, Inductor, Thermal conduction, Transfer function, law.invention, Semiconductor, law, Duty cycle, Boost converter, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Diode, Voltage
Abstract

This paper presents a new conversion concept dedicated to high efficiency power factor correction. For this purpose, sequential switch associations are investigated within multi-stage interleaved Boost converters and where each stage works separately during its corresponding input voltage level (or duty cycle range). This way, semiconductors losses are reduced as well as conduction losses within inductor and diodes. Converter’s operation steps for a two stages converter are explained and followed by a generalized N stages converter. After that, the average current-based control strategy is briefly presented. Simulation results for a 200 Watts converter switching at 500 kHz validate the concept’s feasibility. Finally, a detailed loss analysis in different configurations shows the advantage offered by this topology.

Published
2019

18. Thermal simulations of SiC MOSFETs under short-circuit conditions: influence of various simulation parameters

Author

Francois Costa, Denis Labrousse, Mickael Petit, and Yoann Pascal

Subjects
Materials science, Distribution (number theory), Mechanics, Die (integrated circuit), chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, MOSFET, Thermal, Silicon carbide, Boundary value problem, MATLAB, computer, Short circuit, computer.programming_language
Abstract

The temperature distribution in a Silicon Carbide (SiC) MOSFET during a destructive short-circuit is simulated using a custom 1D-finite difference model implemented using Matlab. Some of the main assumptions usually put forward in the literature dealing with this kind of simulations are tested in this paper. We show that some of those simplifications (model of the heat source, die top-side boundary conditions, etc.), sometime in-spite of common sense, have a great impact on the simulated temperature.

Published
2019

19. Study of the Impedance of the Bypassing Network of a Switching Cell – Influence of the Positioning of the Decoupling Capacitors

Author

Francois Costa, Mickael Petit, Yoann Pascal, Denis Labrousse, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Electronique de Puissance et Intégration (SATIE-EPI), Composants et Systèmes pour l'Energie Electrique (CSEE), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), ANR-15-CE05-0010,HIT-TEMS,Nouvelle technologie d'intégration hybride d'un convertisseur entrelacé multiniveaux sûr et reconfigurable sous contraintes thermiques et CEM(2015), PASCAL, Yoann, and Nouvelle technologie d'intégration hybride d'un convertisseur entrelacé multiniveaux sûr et reconfigurable sous contraintes thermiques et CEM - - HIT-TEMS2015 - ANR-15-CE05-0010 - AAPG2015 - VALID

Subjects
Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, Decoupling capacitor, law.invention, decoupling, overvoltage, law, Derating, switching cell, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, switching transient, Electrical impedance, bypass, high speed switching, DC-link capacitor, business.industry, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Transistor, Electrical engineering, Converters, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [SPI.TRON] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Capacitor, Overvoltage, GaN transistor, 0210 nano-technology, business, Decoupling (electronics), [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience; Mechanisms responsible for ringing and oscillations in power converters at transistors turn-offs are, first, studied using small signal modelling. It is explained why a 50 % derating must be applied to high-speed transistors. Experimental measurements validate the analytical predictions. The influence of the distance between a switching cell and its decoupling capacitors is then studied; it appears that using a low-inductance – though simple – layout results in a stray inductance as low as 11 nH when the capacitor is 30 cm away from the switching cell, enabling degrees of freedom for thermal management.

Published
2019

20. Representation of a multi-electrodes piezoelectric transformer by experimental extraction of its electric parameters

Author

Thomas Martinez, Dejan Vasic, Francois Costa, and Gael Pillonnet

Subjects
Materials science, Acoustics, Extrapolation, computer.software_genre, Piezoelectricity, Simulation software, law.invention, Admittance parameters, Two-port network, law, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, RLC circuit, Transformer, computer, Voltage
Abstract

Traveling wave piezoelectric transformers are a new type of multi-electrodes piezoelectric transformer allowing to obtain a multiphase system of voltages at the output. The behavior of multi-electrodes piezoelectric transformers is well characterized by an admittance matrix (Y) representing all the couplings between electrodes. The Y parameters can be determined by analytical modelling or as presented in this paper by experimental measurements. In this paper we focus on a cylinder-type multi-electrodes piezoelectric transformer on which we measure the Y parameters with a vector network analyzer. By extrapolation of Laplace expression of the admittances, we represent the Y-parameters as equivalent RLC circuits in order to have a complete circuit model available for simulation with classic electrical simulation software. The results of the simulation are compared to experimental results to validate the modelling approach.

Published
2019

21. A new non-isolated low power inductorless piezoelectric DC-DC converter

Author

Francois Costa, Ghislain Despesse, Benjamin Pollet, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Automatic frequency control, Topology (electrical circuits), 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], inductorless converter, Power electronics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, piezoelectricity, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrical engineering, Converters, Piezoelectric transducer, Piezoelectricity, Power (physics), [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Inductance, Electricity generation, Energy conversion, DC-DC power conversion, resonant power conversion, business, Voltage
Abstract

International audience; A new non-isolated low-power inductorless piezoelectric resonant converter is presented. The piezoelectric material is used as an energy storage element like an inductance in a classical Buck-Boost power electronic converter. As opposed to most existing piezoelectric converters, the proposed topology enables to dynamically adjust the output power and ratio keeping a high efficiency for a large range of output powers and for a large range of conversion ratios taking advantage of piezoelectric high quality factor and achieving zero voltage switching. A theoretical analysis of the step-up converter using an energetic approach is introduced and enables a fast and reliable pre-design of the piezoelectric component. This analysis is in perfect agreement with the simulation model performed on Matlab/Simulink. For a given piezoelectric resonator both analytical and simulation models provide very high efficiencies for different output powers. The converter is tested experimentally with a 10 V input voltage using the piezoelectric radial resonance mode. An efficiency higher than 98% for a 160 mW power conversion was achieved, decreasing slowly to 78% at 1.4 W. For a large range of voltage gains, the efficiency remains higher than 90% up to an output power of 750 mW. The experimental results are in perfect agreement with the theoretical analysis until 500 mW.

Published
2019

22. Black Box EMC Modeling of a Three Phase Inverter

Author

Francois Costa, Christian Vollaire, Marwan Ali, Meriem Amara, Ampère, Département Méthodes pour l'Ingénierie des Systèmes (MIS), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Labinal Power Systems, SAFRAN (FRANCE), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Computer science, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Electromagnetic compatibility, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Converters, law.invention, Power (physics), Behavioral modeling, EM modeling, power electronic converters, EMI, law, Filter (video), Black box, Electrical network, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, EMC filter, electromagnetic compatibility
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents an Electromagnetic Interferences (EMI) modeling of a DC-AC power converter, based on a black box representation: the converter is represented by an association of sources and impedances that reflect its external EMI behavior. This modeling approach presented in this paper requires a very short computation time, which allows an optimized design of an EMC filter or an interaction study between several converters connected on the same electrical network. This EMC model depending on a given operation point of the converter, the second part of this paper is dedicated to the study of the load influence on this behavioral model.

Published
2018

23. A new inductorless DC-DC piezoelectric flyback converter

Author

Francois Costa, Ghislain Despesse, Benjamin Pollet, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Créteil (UPEC ESPE Créteil), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), POLLET, Benjamin, Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Gustave Eiffel-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY)

Subjects
Materials science, [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], mechanical storage, High-efficiency conversion, 02 engineering and technology, piezoelectric transducers, inductor-less converters, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Energy storage, materials, Resonator, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Ceramic, piezoelectric resonators (PR), DC/DC-conversion, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, Flyback converter, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrical engineering, Piezoelectricity, Power (physics), Inductance, inductorless dc–dc power converters, zero voltage switching (ZVS), visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, piezoelectric, business, Energy (signal processing), [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience; The emergence of new piezoelectric materials makes it possible to offer high performances in terms of power densities and integration. These new materials can be used in DC-DC power converters as solution to replace the magnetic components and to meet the growth in demand of miniaturization, high power densities and high efficiency applications. This paper deals with a new topology of a DC-DC converter based on piezoelectric resonator. The conversion mechanism, based on energy and charge balance, is explained in details through an analytical model and validated by experimental results. A prototype has been designed for an input-output voltage up to 250-125 V and a power range of 100 W. It provides an efficiency higher than 93% for wide operating points in radial mode vibration. As an example, we obtain an efficiency 93.8 % of for 250 -117 V input-output voltage at 50 W output power. In addition, the thickness mode operation is experimentally validated at 1 MHz, and exhibited a peak output power of 175 W with an efficiency of 80 % for 200 – 60 V input-output voltage. The experimental results show the promising performances of the proposed DC-DC power converter based on piezoelectric resonator for high- to-low voltage, high efficiency and low-to-medium power applications.

Published
2018

24. A 15 mV Inductorless Start-up Converter Using a Piezoelectric Transformer for Energy Harvesting Applications

Author

Gael Pillonnet, Thomas Martinez, Francois Costa, Electronique de Puissance et Intégration (SATIE-EPI), Composants et Systèmes pour l'Energie Electrique (CSEE), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Composants et Systèmes pour l'Energie Electrique (SATIE-CSEE), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Engineering, Cold-start, Armstrong oscillator, Piezoelectric transformer, Topology (electrical circuits), 02 engineering and technology, Inductor, 7. Clean energy, Capacitance, symbols.namesake, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Start-up converter, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business.industry, Energy harvesting, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Electrical engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Thermoelectric generator, symbols, RLC circuit, 0210 nano-technology, business, Voltage
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents an inductor-less start-up converter for a sub-100 mV energy harvester based on an Armstrong oscillator topology using a piezoelectric transformer and a normally-on MOSFET. Two models of the converter have been detailed and validated experimentally for the start-up phase and steady-state operation to respectively determine the minimum start-up input voltage and the voltage gain. The models have been validated experimentally in a setup associating the converter and a thermo-electric generator. Based on a Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer and off-the-shelf components, the proposed start-up topology begins to oscillate at 15 mV and achieves a 1 V output voltage at only 43 mV. Compared to the literature, the topology needs no inductive component and achieves self-starting operation with a smaller input voltage.

Published
2018

25. Experimental investigation of the reliability of Printed Circuit Board (PCB)-embedded power dies with pressed contact made of metal foam

Author

Yoann Pascal, Stéphane Lefebvre, Denis Labrousse, Mickael Petit, Francois Costa, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-15-CE05-0010,HIT-TEMS,Nouvelle technologie d'intégration hybride d'un convertisseur entrelacé multiniveaux sûr et reconfigurable sous contraintes thermiques et CEM(2015)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Manufacturing process, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, dBc, 02 engineering and technology, Metal foam, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Printed circuit board, Current limiting, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Composite material, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality
Abstract

International audience; A Printed Circuit Board (PCB)-embedding process using pressed metal foam to connect the top-side pads of power dies is considered. The manufacturing process, simple and highly cost-effective, is described in detail; samples are manufactured and their reliability and robustness are characterised. It is shown that thermally cycled prototypes exhibit reliability close to that of Direct Bounded Copper (DBC) substrates. Samples submitted to 150 A-surges have highly scattered reliability. SiC MOSFETs submitted to destructive current limiting tests and repetitive short-circuit tests performed similarly to dies reported in TO247 packages. A discussion on the development of reliability-assessment-methods, especially suited for PCB-embedding processes, is proposed.

Published
2018

26. Study of a Topology of Low-Loss Magnetic Component for PCB-Embedding

Author

Denis Labrousse, Francois Costa, Yoann Pascal, Mickal Petit, PASCAL, Yoann, Nouvelle technologie d'intégration hybride d'un convertisseur entrelacé multiniveaux sûr et reconfigurable sous contraintes thermiques et CEM - - HIT-TEMS2015 - ANR-15-CE05-0010 - AAPG2015 - VALID, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-15-CE05-0010,HIT-TEMS,Nouvelle technologie d'intégration hybride d'un convertisseur entrelacé multiniveaux sûr et reconfigurable sous contraintes thermiques et CEM(2015)

Subjects
Computer science, integrated inductor, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, packaging, Process (computing), Printed Circuit Board, Topology (electrical circuits), 02 engineering and technology, PCB-embedding, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Inductor, [SPI.TRON] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Chopper, Printed circuit board, power electronics, Electromagnetic coil, passive component, Power electronics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Embedding, 0210 nano-technology, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience; a new process to manufacture low-cost PCB-embedded inductor-and transformer-windings is presented in details. Two prototypes are manufactured, one using a conventional technique and the other using our process. The prototypes have similar DC-resistances and inductances but the AC-resistance of the conventional one is up to 3.6 times higher than the other. Using the proposed design in a 28 V to 12 V-5 A buck chopper yields a 5-points increase of the efficiency. In the end, the proposed process is cost-effective and can be implemented on standard PCB manufacturing assembly-lines. It is barely more complicated than the common method, using PCB-tracks as windings, but results in much smaller losses.

Published
2018

27. Analytical model for SiC based power converter optimization including EMC and thermal constraints

Author

M. Delhommais, Christian Vollaire, Gnimdu Dadanema, J. L. Schanen, Francois Costa, Yvan Avenas, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Ampère, Département Méthodes pour l'Ingénierie des Systèmes (MIS), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Engineering, Optimization algorithm, business.industry, WBG semi-conductors, 020209 energy, Mathematics::History and Overview, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Semiconductor device modeling, Electromagnetic compatibility, analytical model, 02 engineering and technology, Experimental validation, 7. Clean energy, Finite element method, Power (physics), thermal, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, EMI, Thermal, EMC, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, business, optimization
Abstract

International audience; A Model dedicated to EMI prediction in a DC-DC converter is presented in this paper. The model is analytical to be used by a deterministic optimization algorithm. This model not only predicts EMI but also thermal effects of the converter. Numerical and experimental validation of the model are performed regarding EMC aspects and perspectives for the final optimization purpose are presented.

Published
2017

28. EMI-Based Current & Voltage sensing for the Control of Power Electronic Converters

Author

Francois Costa, Lotfi Beghou, University of Batna Hadj Lakhder [Algeria], Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, Buck converter, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrical engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Converters, Inductor, Electromagnetic interference, Power (physics), EMI, Power electronics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Network analysis
Abstract

In this brief, a new method for current and voltage sensing in power electronic converters is demonstrated. This concept, which uses the converter’s own electromagnetic interference, associates an electromagnetic field characterization method and the inverse Fourier transform. These two combined with a circuit analysis allow the prediction of the needed parameters to achieve the current programed control chosen here. Results obtained on a Buck converter show the feasibility of this concept.

Published
2017

29. Impact of Model Accuracy in Design by Optimization Process

Author

J. L. Schanen, Christian Vollaire, Francois Costa, G. Dadanema, Yvan Avenas, M. Delhommais, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ampère, Département Méthodes pour l'Ingénierie des Systèmes (MIS), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Engineering, business.industry, Process (engineering), 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Control engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Inductor, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Sensitivity (control systems), Process engineering, business
Abstract

International audience; This paper investigates the effect of model inaccuracies on the results of a design by optimization process applied to a SiC switching cell. The technologies used for this DC-DC converter and the requirements are briefly described, as well as the design by optimization process. Then, a sensitivity study is carried out to investigate the most influent models regarding the final design. This allows determining where to put the modeling efforts.

Published
2017

30. Development of testing methods for winding turn-to-turn insulation of low voltage motors fed by PWM converters

Author

Stéphane Lefebvre, A. A. Leonov, Francois Costa, Veronika Bolgova, Sami Hlioui, Nidhal Boucenna, Hlioui, Sami, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Electronique de Puissance et Intégration (SATIE-EPI), Composants et Systèmes pour l'Energie Electrique (CSEE), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), and Systèmes d'Energie pour les Transports et l'Environnement (SATIE SETE)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Engineering, business.industry, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Electrical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Converters, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Switching time, Fall time, Electromagnetic coil, Rise time, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Power semiconductor device, business, Low voltage, Voltage, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience; Electrical insulation materials quality and reliability play a central role in providing the electrical machines reliable operation. It is well recognized that insulating system of low voltage motor fed by converter is exposed to electrical stresses arising from repetitive square waveform of supplying voltage while additional impact of temperature, vibrations and environmental operation conditions are imposed. The implementation of wide bandgap power semiconductors as SiC and GaN in recent years allows to create very powerful converters with high switching speed. On the other hand it leads to a remarkable increasing electro-thermal constraints applied to windings' turn-to-turn insulation of motors fed by such converters. The relevance of new testing methods and test benches is well found by remarkable modern advances in semiconductors technology. Testing methods for low voltage motors winding wires insulation proposed in this paper permit to evaluate the withstand capability of insulation materials applying the high frequency modulated signals representative for traditional converters supplying (μs level of impulse rise/fall time), as well as the voltage waveforms with very straight adjustable dV/dt, very fast rise time and fall time (ns level of impulse rise/fall time) engendered by new semiconductor devices based on wide bandgap materials. The possibility to modify experiment parameters in wide rage for insulation endurance tests allows to obtain a rich data for further analysis.

Published
2017

31. Design of piezoelectric transformer-based DC/DC converter to improve power by using heat transfer equipment

Author

Wen-Jong Wu, Francois Costa, Yuan-Ping Liu, Yu-Hao Su, Chih-Kung Lee, and Dejan Vasic

Subjects
Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Multiphysics, Mechanical engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Finite element method, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Power (physics), Vibration, Mechanics of Materials, Heat generation, Phenomenological model, Heat transfer, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Voltage
Abstract

In this paper, we propose a new design of a piezoelectric transformer (PT) for low-profile DC/DC converter appli- cations, which increases the output power by using heat transfer equipment. We examined several parameters, which allow us to produce a piezoelectric transformer with optimal efficiency. Instead of looking at the typically optimal loading condition of the PT, we consider the influence of the temperature rise on losses. When the vibration velocity is too large, the piezoelectric transformer generates heat unstably until it cracks. By maintaining the vibration mode and limiting the heat produced by the PT, this design can enhance the power capacities of the PT and thus increase the output power of the DC/DC converter. A finite element analysis (FEA) approach with COMSOL Multiphysics was made to predict PT's working temperature. A theoretical- phenomenological model was also developed to explain the relationship between the equivalent losses resistances and the input voltage at different temperatures. It will be shown that the vibration velocity as well as the heat generation increases the losses. A large vibration velocity and generated heat may cause the temperature feedback loop to enter into an unstable state. We began by modeling a piezoelectric transformer in a DC/DC converter configuration in order to determine the design constraints and variables such as the maximum mechanical current, the temperature distribution, the PT geometrical configuration and the energy balance. In our design, the PT power capacity increases 3 times (i.e. from 4.54 W to 13.29 W) at specific temperature and the effects of the different cooling methods of the system were verified. The study comprises of a theoretical part and experimental proof-of-concept demonstration of the proposed design method.

Published
2014

32. Decoupled PQ control Applied to a Multicellular Parallel Inverter for Grid-connected Photovoltaic System

Author

Chabakata Mahamat, Francois Costa, Cyrille Gautier, Rym Marquant, Mickael Petit, Abdelkader Mami, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Application de l'Efficacité énergétique et Energies renouvelables (LAPER), Electronique de Puissance et Intégration (SATIE-EPI), Composants et Systèmes pour l'Energie Electrique (CSEE), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), Laboratoire SATIE-ENS Cachan, Lab-STA, ATTNA, and IEEE Conferences

Subjects
Engineering, decoupled, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Maximum power point tracking, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Synchronization (alternating current), Multicellular, Control theory, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Grid-connected photovoltaic power system, Electronic engineering, Parallel Inverter, filter, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Photovoltaic system, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Phase-locked loop, Control system, Inverter, 0210 nano-technology, business, control, Pulse-width modulation
Abstract

International audience; – This paper presents the decoupled active and reactive power control (control), using a Phase-Locked Loop () for synchronization, and applied to the control of Multicellular Parallel Inverter (MPI) for a grid-connected Photovoltaic () system. We explain the value of this multicellular structure of inverter compared to a conventional inverter. We also present and discuss the simulation results obtained using the Matlab software (simulink and simpowersystems).

Published
2016

33. Strategy for Predictive Modeling of the Common-Mode Impedance of the Stator Coils in AC Machines

Author

Francois Costa, Bertrand Revol, Nidhal Boucenna, Sami Hlioui, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Systèmes d'Energie pour les Transports et l'Environnement (SATIE SETE), Composants et Systèmes pour l'Energie Electrique (CSEE), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), and Electronique de Puissance et Intégration (SATIE-EPI)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Engineering, business.industry, Stator, Capacitive sensing, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Electrical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Capacitance, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Control and Systems Engineering, Electromagnetic coil, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, RLC circuit, Common-mode signal, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Electrical impedance, Induction motor
Abstract

International audience; — This paper presents a methodology for the predictive modeling of common mode (CM) impedance of the stator windings of AC three-phase machines taking into consideration all the parasitic inductive and capacitive phenomena. An electrical model with lumped parameters (RLC) is generated, based on a physical approach of the machine, which is implantable in a SPICE type software. The prediction results are in satisfactory agreement with the measurements ones on a large frequency bandwidth [10 kHz-100 MHz]: the low-frequency capacitance is predicted with better than 5% accuracy, while the peaks and dips in the CM impedance plot are very well predicted beyond 5 MHz. Index Terms—Common mode impedance, predictive modeling, windings motor modeling, lumped equivalent circuit, EMI.

Published
2016

34. Dynamic electric model for IGBT power module based on Q3D® and Simplorer®: 3D Layout design, stray inductance estimation, experimental verifications

Author

Dominique Lhotellier, Francois Costa, Eric Laboure, Menouar Ameziani, Hocine Daou, Mickael Petit, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), VEhicule DEcarboné et COmmuniquant et sa Mobilité (VeDeCom), Electronique de Puissance et Intégration (SATIE-EPI), Composants et Systèmes pour l'Energie Electrique (SATIE-CSEE), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), Laboratoire Génie électrique et électronique de Paris (GeePs), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Proccedings of ESARS-ITEC 2016, Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Composants et Systèmes pour l'Energie Electrique (CSEE), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE)

Subjects
Engineering, Layout, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Chopper, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Multichip modules, Parasitic extraction, Inductance, 010302 applied physics, Resistive touchscreen, business.industry, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Biological system modeling, Logic gates, Insulated-gate bipolar transistor, Insulated gate bipolar transistors, Power (physics), Power module, Inverter, business, Switches
Abstract

International audience; The layout of power modules is one of the key points in power module design, especially for high power densities, where couplings are increased. Stray inductances cause various problems in switching devices and should be minimized at an early design stage to avoid later required countermeasures and redesign after the device prototype has been built. In this paper, using Ansys® Q3D® Extractor, electromagnetic simulation is carried out to extract and evaluate the inductive and resistive parasitics of one phase of a three-phase automotive inverter module with rating of 650 V-400 A. The purpose is to develop and verily the electrical model including parasitic parameters for the studied phase-leg operating as a chopper. The switching behavior of the studied structure is analyzed based on Ansys® Simplorer® simulation, and a dynamic electrical model is carried out. Experimental test measurements are performed. The comparison between the simulation models and the experimental data is reported and conclusions are made.

Published
2016

35. Evidence of an oceanic impact and megatsunami sedimentation in Chryse Planitia, Mars

Author

J. Alexis P. Rodriguez, Darrel K. Robertson, Jeffrey S. Kargel, Victor R. Baker, Daniel C. Berman, Jacob Cohen, Francois Costard, Goro Komatsu, Anthony Lopez, Hideaki Miyamoto, and Mario Zarroca

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract In 1976, NASA's Viking 1 Lander (V1L) was the first spacecraft to operate successfully on the Martian surface. The V1L landed near the terminus of an enormous catastrophic flood channel, Maja Valles. However, instead of the expected megaflood record, its cameras imaged a boulder-strewn surface of elusive origin. We identified a 110-km-diameter impact crater (Pohl) ~ 900 km northeast of the landing site, stratigraphically positioned (a) above catastrophic flood-eroded surfaces formed ~ 3.4 Ga during a period of northern plains oceanic inundation and (b) below the younger of two previously hypothesized megatsunami deposits. These stratigraphic relationships suggest that a marine impact likely formed the crater. Our simulated impact-generated megatsunami run-ups closely match the mapped older megatsunami deposit's margins and predict fronts reaching the V1L site. The site's location along a highland-facing lobe aligned to erosional grooves supports a megatsunami origin. Our mapping also shows that Pohl's knobby rim regionally represents a broader history of megatsunami modification involving circum-oceanic glaciation and sedimentary extrusions extending beyond the recorded megatsunami emplacement in Chryse Planitia. Our findings allow that rocks and soil salts at the landing site are of marine origin, inviting the scientific reconsideration of information gathered from the first in-situ measurements on Mars.

Published
2022
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36. A transverse traveling wave piezoelectric transformer

Author

Gael Pillonnet, Francois Costa, V Loyau, Dejan Vasic, and T Martinez

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, Acoustics, Electromagnetic compatibility, High voltage, Transverse wave, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, Admittance parameters, Mechanics of Materials, law, Power electronics, 0103 physical sciences, Signal Processing, Polyphase system, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Transformer, Civil and Structural Engineering, Electronic circuit
Abstract

Piezoelectric transformers can be a promising candidate in isolated power converters to replace magnetic ones as they present high quality factor, high voltage gain and low electromagnetic compatibility issues. Herein a new topology of traveling wave piezoelectric transformer (TWPT) is proposed. Unlike conventional piezoelectric transformers, the proposed transformer uses progressive waves to carry out the electromechanical conversion. The main asset of the structure is the obtaining of a polyphase system of voltage at the output. Thus, associated with an appropriate converter circuit topology, it enables any kind of AC-DC or AC-AC power conversion. The proposed piezoelectric transformer consists in a multi-electrode ring architecture and uses transverse wave, i.e. the deformation is orthogonal to the propagation direction, to perform the electro-mechanical coupling. Furthermore an analytical modelling is exposed to describe the electro-mechanical behaviour of the transformer. The technique allows to obtain an admittance matrix that completely characterizes the coupling between all the electrodes and that can be used to simulate the transformer in electronic circuit software. With this model it is possible to predict numerically the voltages, currents, displacements and stresses in the piezoelectric transformer over time as a function of the geometrical and physical parameters of the materials in early design stage and it allows a co-design between the piezoelectric transformer and its power electronics circuitry. Finally, a prototype of the TWPT with four phase output voltage is presented to experimentally validate this new concept.

Published
2019

37. Modeling of the near-field electromagnetic radiation of power cables in automotives or aeronautics

Author

Francois Costa, Bertrand Revol, B. Demoulin, J. Genoulaz, Cyrille Gautier, Labinal Power Systems, Toulouse, Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IUT de Ville-d'Avray, and Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)

Subjects
Conducted electromagnetic interference, Engineering, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Electromagnetic compatibility, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Near and far field, 02 engineering and technology, Electromagnetic interference, law.invention, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Aeronautics, law, Electromagnetic shielding, Shielded cable, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Common-mode signal, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Aerospace, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

This paper presents an analytical method to compute at low simulation cost the electromagnetic near-field emitted by common mode currents in power cables supplied by power converters in automotive or aeronautics. Various cable configurations are considered: single, double or triple strand. A specific experimental bench has been built in order to verify the validity of our predictions. We show that the method enables to characterize the level of radiation of a cable versus a specific standard and that it is possible to optimize its shielding in order to minimize its weight while keeping a satisfactory efficiency.

Published
2013

39. Using Design by Optimization for Reducing the Weight of a SiC Switching Cell

Author

J. L. Schanen, Francois Costa, Yvan Avenas, Mylene Delhommais, Christian Vollaire, G. Dadanema, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ampère, Département Méthodes pour l'Ingénierie des Systèmes (MIS), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Engineering, business.industry, Buck converter, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electromagnetic compatibility, Magnetic separation, 02 engineering and technology, Heat sink, Inductor, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Reduction (complexity), Capacitor, law, Filter (video), 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, business
Abstract

International audience; This paper uses the design by optimization method todetermine the best combination of passives, EMC filter, heatsink,taking into account the components constraints, in order to reducethe weight of a SiC switching cell, implemented in a simple buckconverter. All elements and associated restrictions are describedusing analytical expressions, and the optimizer performs thereduction of the objective function (weight) respecting allconstraints. The models and the optimization strategy are described,and the optimization results are presented and discussed, incomparison with a conventional Si switching cell.

Published
2016

40. Design by Optimization of Power ElectronicsConverter Including EMC Constraints

Author

Francois Costa, G. Dadanema, J. L. Schanen, M. Delhommais, Christian Vollaire, Yvan Avenas, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ampère, Département Méthodes pour l'Ingénierie des Systèmes (MIS), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Engineering, SIMPLE (military communications protocol), business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 05 social sciences, Emphasis (telecommunications), [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electromagnetic compatibility, Control engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Inductor, law.invention, Capacitor, Filter (video), law, Power electronics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, business, Design methods, 050107 human factors
Abstract

International audience; This paper illustrates a global design methodologyin the case of a simple switching cell, used in a DC-DC converter.The aim is to account simultaneously for all parameters andconstraints involved in the design of the converter: thermalaspects, EMC filter and design of passives. Specific models aredeveloped, validated and implemented in a dedicatedoptimization framework. Results are discussed, with a specificemphasis on EMC filter.

Published
2016

41. Impact of the temperature of a power module on conducted EMI emitted by a buck converter

Author

Régis Meuret, Kevin Loudiere, Christian Vollaire, Francois Costa, Houmam Moussa, Arnaud Breard, Ampère, Département Méthodes pour l'Ingénierie des Systèmes (MIS), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Labinal Power Systems, and SAFRAN (FRANCE)

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, Buck converter, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 05 social sciences, Bandwidth (signal processing), [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Insulated-gate bipolar transistor, 7. Clean energy, Semiconductor, 13. Climate action, EMI, Power module, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Reverse recovery, business, 050107 human factors, Diode
Abstract

International audience; Predictive modelling of EMI is complex due to the large number of existing parameters and components. One of the relevant parameters is the temperature of semiconductors. This paper shows the influence of the temperature of the power module of a buck converter on the parasitic conducted emissions. An analysis of some parameters is done by simulation to show the impact of the temperature on the diode reverse recovery and on the IGBT switching times; it shows the consequences on the interference emitted in the 2-MHz-50MHz bandwidth. Up to 20MHz, simulations and measurements behave similarly with respect to the temperature variations in the range [-40°-100°C].

Published
2016

42. Power enhancement of piezoelectric transformers by adding heat transfer equipment

Author

Yuan-Ping Liu, Francois Costa, Chih-Kung Lee, Wen-Jong Wu, Dejan Vasic, Yu-Hao Su, Vasic, Dejan, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering, and National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU)

Subjects
Materials science, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Maximum power principle, Piezoelectric sensor, Mechanical engineering, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Transformer, 010301 acoustics, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Power density, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrical engineering, Piezoelectricity, Current transformer, Computer Science::Other, Heat generation, Heat transfer, business, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

It is known that piezoelectric transformers have several inherent advantages compared with conventional electromagnetic transformers. However, the maximum power capacity of piezoelectric transformers is not as large as electromagnetic transformers in practice, especially in the case of high output current. The theoretical power density of piezoelectric transformers calculated by stress boundary can reach 330 W/cm(3), but no piezoelectric transformer has ever reached such a high power density in practice. The power density of piezoelectric transformers is limited to 33 W/cm(3) in practical applications. The underlying reason is that the maximum passing current of the piezoelectric material (mechanical current) is limited by the temperature rise caused by heat generation. To increase this current and the power capacity, we proposed to add a thermal pad to the piezoelectric transformer to dissipate heat. The experimental results showed that the proposed techniques can increase by 3 times the output current of the piezoelectric transformer. A theoretical-phenomenological model which explains the relationship between vibration velocity and generated heat is also established to verify the experimental results.

Published
2012

43. Study of a piezoelectric switching circuit for energy harvesting with bistable broadband technique by work-cycle analysis

Author

Yu-Yin Chen, Francois Costa, Yuan-Ping Liu, and Dejan Vasic

Subjects
Engineering, Cantilever, Bistability, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Interface (computing), Electrical engineering, Inductor, Piezoelectricity, Computer Science::Other, Work cycle, Broadband, General Materials Science, business, Energy harvesting
Abstract

In this article, a piezoelectric energy harvesting device comprises a bistable vibrating cantilever beam and a switching-type interface circuit (synchronized switching harvesting on an inductor) is proposed, and the resulting performance is compared to the traditional linear technique. It was known that the synchronized switching techniques increase efficiently the output power of the piezoelectric energy harvester for low-coupled structures. However, the traditional piezoelectric energy harvester based on a cantilever beam is only efficient at resonance. To broaden the available bandwidth, a bistable nonlinear technique was proposed. In this article, the bistable technique and synchronized switching harvesting on an inductor interface are combined together to accomplish a more efficient broadband piezoelectric energy harvester. The power flow and work cycles are adopted to simplify the analysis of the switching techniques and then summarize the increasing performance of the nonlinear piezoelectric harvester. Finally, simulation results and experimental validations show that the proposed integrated device owns larger bandwidth and collects more harvested energy.

Published
2012

44. Interface Circuit for Vibration Energy Harvesting with Adjustable Bias Voltage

Author

Elie Lefeuvre, H. Mathias, J Wei, Francois Costa, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies [Orsay] (C2N), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'électronique fondamentale (IEF), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne (Paris 12) (UPEC), and Costa, François

Subjects
History, Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Voltage regulator, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, Decoupling capacitor, 7. Clean energy, Education, Computer Science::Hardware Architecture, Dropout voltage, Hardware_GENERAL, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Voltage droop, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Voltage divider, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrical engineering, Biasing, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [SPI.TRON] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Computer Science Applications, Constant power circuit, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Voltage drop, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents a new interface circuit for electrostatic vibration energy harvesting with adjustable bias voltage. An electronic switch is used to modify the circuit configuration so that the harvested energy increases the voltage across a biasing capacitor. Decrease of this biasing capacitor voltage occurs naturally due to the circuit imperfections. Such a control of the bias voltage enables to adjust the amount of energy converted by the variable capacitor on each cycle. This feature can be used to optimize the mechanical damping induced by the energy conversion process in order to maximize the harvested power. Another feature of this interface circuit is that it is capable to get high bias voltage whatever the battery voltage with low energy loss. 1. Introduction Energy harvesting is a promising way of generation of electrical supply for powering miniature device, like those used in wearable electronics, medical implants and wireless sensor networks. Mechanical vibration is a common and well known energy source. Mechanical vibration energy harvesting concept consists in converting the energy of the parasitic ambient mechanical vibration into the useful electrical energy. Among several types of Vibration Energy Harvester (VEH), such as electromagnetic, piezoelectric, electrostatic, etc, Electrostatic Vibration Energy Harvesters (e-VEH) appears to be promising for miniaturization. An e-VEH is actually based on a variable capacitor whose moving electrode is actuated by ambient vibrations. Such electromechanical device can be profitably miniaturized using MEMS technology. One of the main challenges of e-VEH implementation is the design of the interface circuit, whose power efficiency is a critical issue. Recently, several interface circuits without switches and inductive components have been proposed [1-4], whose simplicity enables efficient standalone implementation. However, as shown by Dhorziev et al., these circuits do not intrinsically optimize the system performances: there exists an optimal power supply voltage at which output power is maximum [5]. Such optimization can be performed using Yen's circuit [6], but in a limited way because of the limited achievable voltage range. The interface circuit presented here can theoretically generate voltages across the variable capacitor without upper limit, enabling to get high bias voltages whatever the battery voltage. Dragunov et al.

Published
2015

45. Simple and efficient interface circuit for vibration electrostatic energy harvesters

Author

J Wei, Elie Lefeuvre, Sarah Risquez, Francois Costa, and H. Mathias

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, Electric potential energy, Electrical engineering, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, AC power, Capacitance, law.invention, Vibration, Capacitor, law, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Miniaturization, business, Energy harvesting, Hardware_LOGICDESIGN, Diode
Abstract

This paper presents a very simple and efficient interface circuit, which breaks a tough technical lock in the field of low-power electrostatic energy harvesting devices. This circuit being only composed of diodes and capacitors, it is intrinsically very robust and its power consumption is extremely low. The absence of inductive components brings a promising perspective of integration and miniaturization for this circuit. Experimental results showed efficiencies higher than 76% for output powers as low as 13 nW.

Published
2015

46. Piezoelectric transformer 28 V/15 V-10 W DC/DC converter with fixed switching frequency

Author

Denis Schwander, Dejan Vasic, Marc Marmouget, Yuan Ping Lin, and Francois Costa

Subjects
Forward converter, Piezoelectric transformer, Materials science, Flyback converter, business.industry, Ćuk converter, Electrical engineering, Switching frequency, Charge pump, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Dc dc converter
Published
2011

47. Study and Modeling of a Traveling Wave Piezoelectric Transformer

Author

Gael Pillonnet, Francois Costa, Thomas Martinez, and Dejan Vasic

Subjects
History, Piezoelectric transformer, Progressive wave, Materials science, law, Acoustics, Traveling wave, Transformer, Piezoelectricity, Computer Science Applications, Education, law.invention, Voltage
Abstract

This paper reports the study and the modelling of a new topology of traveling wave piezoelectric transformer (TWPT). Unlike conventional piezoelectric transformers, the proposed transformer uses progressive waves to carry out the electromechanical conversion. Moreover, associated with an appropriate converter, it enables any kind of AC-DC or AC-AC power conversion. An analytical modelling of the system is carried allowing defining numerically the voltages, currents, displacements and stresses in the piezoelectric transformer over time as a function of the geometrical and physical parameters of the materials.

Published
2018

48. Velocity-controlled piezoelectric switching energy harvesting device

Author

Chih-Kung Lee, Yuan-Ping Liu, Francois Costa, Wen-Jong Wu, and Dejan Vasic

Subjects
Materials science, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Energy harvesting, Piezoelectricity
Published
2009

49. Characterization of radiated electromagnetic fields using equivalent sources – Application to the EMC of power printed circuit boards

Author

Lotfi Beghou, Francois Costa, and Lionel Pichon

Subjects
Electromagnetic field, Physics, Chopper, Switched-mode power supply, Acoustics, Power electronics, General Engineering, Electromagnetic compatibility, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Near and far field, Inverse problem, Electromagnetic radiation
Abstract

This article presents an original methodology to characterize electromagnetic disturbances radiated from power electronic devices. The method is based on the substitution of the power device by an equivalent set of elemental dipoles (electric and magnetic dipoles). The set of dipoles radiates the same near-field. The dipoles are determined from a near field cartography of the fields obtained with a measurement bench. The dipoles parameters are determined by solving an inverse problem using a genetic algorithm. The efficiency of the approach is demonstrated on an academic DC-DC converter. Finally some results about the chopper are presented. The methodology has two advantages: first it allows one to define some threshold limitations for electromagnetic fields on the surroundings and secondly it gives the location of the real source distribution. To cite this article: L. Beghou et al., C. R. Physique 10 (2009).

Published
2009

50. Modélisation d'un capteur de courant dédié aux mesures en CEM et en électronique de puissance

Author

Bertrand Revol, Jaleleddine Ben Hadj Slama, Francois Costa, Université de Sousse, Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, General Medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Le transformateur de courant est le capteur le mieux adapte a la mesure des courants hautes frequences que l'on rencontre en CEM. Pour etudier le comportement de ce capteur sur la bande de frequences qui nous interesse, nous avons commence par considerer un modele a constantes localisees pour le secondaire du transformateur. Nous avons montre la limite de ce modele quant aux phenomenes de resonances observes sur la fonction de transfert du capteur. Nous avons developpe ensuite un modele a constantes reparties du secondaire du transformateur. Le bon choix des parametres du modele nous permet de reproduire la fonction de transfert en hautes frequences. Ce modele peut servir pour l'elargissement de la bande passante du capteur en modifiant la geometrie du secondaire ou en effectuant une correction de mesure qui tient compte de ces effets.

Published
2008

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