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Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the My Jump 2® app in measuring jump height, flight time, and peak power among elite women beach volleyball players on sand surfaces. Methods Eleven elite female beach volleyball players (aged 23.6 ± 6.2 years; weight 66.3 ± 5.8 kg; height 174.4 ± 5.8 cm; with 8.4 ± 4.8 years of professional experience) participated in this study. Each player performed six countermovement jumps in a wooden box filled with sand on a force platform while simultaneously recording a video for subsequent analysis using the My Jump 2® app. Results We found excellent agreement for flight time, jump height and peak power between observers (ICC = 0.92, 0.91 and 0.97, respectively). No significant differences between force platform and My Jump 2® app were detected in the values obtained for the three variables (P > 0.05). For the force platform and the My Jump 2® app, we found a good agreement measuring jump height and flight time (ICC = 0.85 and 0.85, respectively). However, we only found a moderate agreement for peak power (ICC = 0.64). The difference in jump height showed a limit of agreement between −4.10 and 4.74 cm in Bland-Altman, indicating a high level of agreement between the two measurement tools. Conclusion Based on our findings, the My Jump 2® app reveals a valid tool for measuring jump height and flight time of CMJ on sand surfaces. However, more caution is needed when measuring peak power.

Memory-related impairments in type 2 diabetes may be mediated by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Previous cross-sectional studies have controversially suggested a relationship between metabolic control and a decrease in hippocampal volumes, but only longitudinal studies can test this hypothesis directly. We performed a longitudinal morphometric study to provide a direct test of a possible role of higher levels of glycated hemoglobin with long term brain structural integrity in key regions of the memory system – hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and fusiform gyrus. Grey matter volume was measured at two different times – baseline and after ~7 years. We found an association between higher initial levels of HbA1C and grey matter volume loss in all three core memory regions, even in the absence of mild cognitive impairment. Importantly, these neural effects persisted in spite of the fact that patients had significantly improved their glycemic control. This suggests that early high levels of HbA1c might be irreversibly associated with subsequent long-term atrophy in the medial temporal cortex and that early intensive management is critical.

Este artigo procura estabelecer uma ligação entre a música e a ciência da informação, tema ainda relativamente pouco explorado, dada a complexidade da descrição arquivística e a especificidade inerente aos documentos musicais. Para o efeito, foi utilizado como objeto de estudo para este artigo o Acervo Musical do Arquivo da Irmandade dos Clérigos do Porto. Em 2015, uma equipa de arquivistas organizou e descreveu arquivisticamente a documentação pertencente à Irmandade. Este Acervo Musical pertenceu ao Coro da Irmandade, fundado em 1768, sendo constituído, maioritariamente, por manuscritos musicais e por algumas edições impressas. Para uma melhor compreensão desta documentação, serão abordados vários aspetos tanto a nível histórico, como musical e arquivístico. Alguma da informação aqui publicada é inédita para a Musicologia portuguesa, visto que esta documentação nunca foi alvo de um estudo científico. Das vinte e oito obras musicais que constituem o Acervo Musical, apenas foram identificados três nomes de compositores, sendo um deles desconhecido no contexto do panorama musical português. São eles: David Perez (1711-1778), António da Silva Leite (1759-1833) e Francisco da Cunha Teles e Meneses (sem informação conhecida). Procura-se, ainda, refletir sobre as ligações entre a música e a arquivística, sublinhando a falta de técnicos especializados em ambas as áreas, para o tratamento de acervos semelhantes, em arquivos públicos e privados. Propõe-se que a música seja encarada apenas como uma diferente tipologia e/ou temática de um documento, não a discriminando e tratando-a como qualquer outro documento de arquivo.

Objective: To compare the physical demands among training and match activities in women beach volleyball players. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: World top-level beach volleyball team. Patients or Other Participants: One defender (24 years-old, and 8 years of professional experience) and one blocker (25 years-old, and, 9 years of professional experience) from the Brazilian National Women’s Beach Volleyball participated in this study. Main outcome measure(s): Both players were monitored throughout on-field training sessions (N= 57) and matches (N=33) during the five months prior to the 2022 World Championship. Activities were categorized into formal-match (FM), match warm-up (MWU), physical training (PT), and tactical-technical (TT) training. We assessed field time, Player LoadTM, total jumps, total distance covered, and number of changes of direction to the right and left. Results: The defender and blocker players, showed large significant differences between the formal match and training activities. Both positions showed higher values of activity during formal matches than match warm-up and physical training activities. Also, tactical-technical training activities showed significant differences when compared to formal matches in both positions. Conclusions: Physical activities during formal matches were more demanding than during match warm-up and physical training activities. However, tactical-technical training activities were more demanding than formal-match activities. Coaches could use similar values (adjusted to their teams and competitive level) to distribute external load during the competitive period and better adjust the activity profile during training sessions. Future research should explore the relationship between the players’ perceptions (i.e., qualitative approach) and these findings.

INTRODUCTION: Secondary Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is a rare but serious complication following thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR), which may lead to fatal outcomes. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 62-year-old patient developing a secondary AEF one-month after TEVAR. The patient was managed in a staged approach: first, an oesophagus defunctionalisation by cervical oesophagus stapling, followed by drainage gastrostomy and creation of a feeding jejunostomy. Two-weeks later, the patient underwent stent graft explantation, extensive debridement, in situ aortic reconstruction with interposition of a silver and Triclosan impregnated Dacron graft, esophagectomy, eosophagogastrostomy and intercostal muscle flap plasty. After 4 years of follow-up, the patient remains clinically well and free from recurrence. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of AEF requires a high index of suspicion. A prompt and aggressive multidisciplinary approach is necessary to obtain long-term survival and freedom from recurrence.

IntroductionHistorically considered to be a single cosmopolitan species, the so called Octopus vulgaris species complex (OVSC) is now recognized to be a group of (at least) six cryptic species: O. americanus (in the west Atlantic), O. vulgaris (in the northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea), O. aff. vulgaris (in the region of South Africa), O. tetricus (southeastern Oceania), O. sinensis (northwestern Pacific), and O. djinda (western Australia). The potentially different environmental preferences of this highly cryptic species complex may result in distinct consequences under future environmental conditions.MethodsThe present study employed species distribution models (SDM) using MaxEnt to investigate potential changes in habitat suitability and geographical distribution of the OVSC in the future (i.e., 2050, and 2100), across four representative concentration pathway scenarios (RCP-2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5, CMIP5).ResultsDifferential responses were observed in the OVSC species analyzed. Specifically, O. vulgaris and O. tetricus exhibited a severe loss in distribution across their predicted range; O. americanus exhibited projected extirpation close to the equator, with limited expansion towards the poles; O. aff. vulgaris was projected to lose half of its current distribution; O. sinensis exhibited moderate losses, with projected increases in northern areas; and finally, O. djinda exhibited limited losses to its distribution. Except for O. sinensis, increasing RCP severity exacerbated changes in mean habitat suitability and projected distribution gains and losses.DiscussionUltimately, this study provides information on the potential biogeographical effects of marine climate change on a key worldwide ecological and economic resource to further disentangle the effects over each OVSC species, with the goal of assisting toward the sustainable management of octopus species at the global scale.

Deficits in mitochondrial function and redox deregulation have been attributed to Huntington's disease (HD), a genetic neurodegenerative disorder largely affecting the striatum. However, whether these changes occur in early stages of the disease and can be detected in vivo is still unclear. In the present study, we analysed changes in mitochondrial function and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at early stages and with disease progression. Studies were performed in vivo in human brain by PET using [64Cu]-ATSM and ex vivo in human skin fibroblasts of premanifest and prodromal (Pre-M) and manifest HD carriers. In vivo brain [64Cu]-ATSM PET in YAC128 transgenic mouse and striatal and cortical isolated mitochondria were assessed at presymptomatic (3 month-old, mo) and symptomatic (6–12 mo) stages. Pre-M HD carriers exhibited enhanced whole-brain (with exception of caudate) [64Cu]-ATSM labelling, correlating with CAG repeat number. Fibroblasts from Pre-M showed enhanced basal and maximal respiration, proton leak and increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, later progressing in manifest HD. Mitochondria from fibroblasts of Pre-M HD carriers also showed reduced circularity, while higher number of mitochondrial DNA copies correlated with maximal respiratory capacity. In vivo animal PET analysis showed increased accumulation of [64Cu]-ATSM in YAC128 mouse striatum. YAC128 mouse (at 3 months) striatal isolated mitochondria exhibited a rise in basal and maximal mitochondrial respiration and in ATP production, and increased complex II and III activities. YAC128 mouse striatal mitochondria also showed enhanced mitochondrial H2O2 levels and circularity, revealed by brain ultrastructure analysis, and defects in Ca2+ handling, supporting increased striatal susceptibility. Data demonstrate both human and mouse mitochondrial overactivity and altered morphology at early HD stages, facilitating redox unbalance, the latter progressing with manifest disease.

Purpose: Early positron emission tomography–derived metrics post–oligometastasis radioablation may predict impending local relapses (LRs), providing a basis for a timely ablation. Methods and Materials: Positron emission tomography data of 623 lesions treated with either 24 Gy single-dose radiation therapy (SDRT) (n = 475) or 3 × 9 Gy stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) (n = 148) were analyzed in a training data set (n = 246) to obtain optimal cutoffs for pretreatment maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and its 3-month posttreatment decline (ΔSUVmax) in predicting LR risk, validated in a data set unseen to testing (n = 377). Results: At a median of 21.7 months, 91 lesions developed LRs: 39 of 475 (8.2%) after SDRT and 52 of 148 (35.1%) after SBRT. The optimal cutoff values were 12 for SUVmax and –75% for ΔSUVmax. Bivariate SUVmax/ΔSUVmax permutations rendered a 3-tiered LR risk stratification of dual-favorable (low risk), 1 adverse (intermediate risk) and dual-adverse (high risk). Actuarial 5-year local relapse-free survival rates were 93.9% versus 89.6% versus 57.1% (P < .0001) and 76.1% versus 48.3% versus 8.2% (P < .0001) for SDRT and SBRT, respectively. The SBRT area under the ROC curve was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.61-0.79) and the high-risk subgroup yielded a 76.5% true positive LR prediction rate. Conclusions: The SBRT dual-adverse SUVmax/ΔSUVmax category LR prediction power provides a basis for prospective studies testing whether a timely ablation of impending LRs affects oligometastasis outcomes.

As barragens de terra são estruturas construídas com inúmeras finalidades, porém, a mais comum é o acumulo de água para a agricultura e abastecimento humano. O grande volume de água armazenado, formando um grande reservatório, gera benefícios incontestáveis para a população, como também riscos, caso não seja bem edificado, podendo prejudicar a vida das pessoas, bens e o meio ambiente. No intuito de evitar acidentes envolvendo esses empreendimentos, existem leis e políticas que exigem a fiscalização e manutenção, procurando minimizar os riscos e falhas. Objetivou-se, através deste trabalho, identificar anomalias e demonstrar as ações corretivas necessárias para recuperar a estrutura da barragem Poleiros. Essas ações são essenciais para que o empreendimento opere de acordo com o projeto, atendendo as suas finalidades, minimizando os possíveis riscos à população e ao meio ambiente. A identificação de anomalias existentes foi realizada através da técnica de inspeção visual. Essa técnica consiste em caminhar sobre todas as estruturas da barragem, examinando metro a metro, identificando a existência de sinais que possam indicar possíveis anomalias futuras no maciço da barragem ou em suas estruturas de apoio. A execução das ações corretivas possibilitou recuperar a barragem, minimizando os riscos de ruptura.

Objective. We aimed to identify features that allow differentiation of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) patients that suffer recurrent thrombotic events (RTE) despite anticoagulation, from the other diagnosed PAPS patients. Methods. This was an exploratory study of anticoagulated PAPS patients attending an Autoimmune Diseases Unit (1998-2018). From 2016, anti-phospholipid antibodies and lupus anticoagulant were determined for each patient at consecutive visits, collected together with retrospective clinical characteristics, laboratory, and therapeutic markers and compared according to the occurrence of thrombotic events during follow-up. Results. Overall, two thirds of the patients were female, 93% were Caucasian, with a median age of 40 years at diagnosis, for a median time of 11.5 years in follow-up. Out of 54 patients, 10 were identified with RTE. There were no significant differences among the RTE and non-RTE patients as far as classical risk factors for clotting disorders. The RTE group was characterized by a higher proportion of younger patients, male sex and positivity for all laboratory markers, and initially and over follow-up as well as a sustained high-risk profile based on APS laboratory markers. Anticardiolipin IgG at onset was the only statistically significant marker of the RTE group. At the end of follow-up, consistent reversion to negative status was a rare event, observed in 20% of RTE vs. 25% of non-RTE patients. Conclusions. Despite therapy, we were able to identify features associated to thrombotic events in patients with PAPS. Prospectively regular clinical and laboratory monitoring might be warranted in order to treat APS more assertively.

Este artigo aborda o percurso histórico e a evolução da implementação do cadastro territorial urbano no Brasil. Parte-se do pressuposto de que a sua evolução está diretamente ligada à dinâmica do processo de municipalização e de ocupação territorial do país, ampliado a partir da Constituição de 1946. O Projeto CIATA, nas décadas de 1970/80, é apresentado como a primeira iniciativa que formula uma metodologia nacional e conduz a implementação de cadastros urbanos. Registram-se, ainda, outras iniciativas governamentais de apoio financeiro à implementação de cadastros urbanos, bem como o cenário que se conforma a partir da Constituição de 1988, do Estatuto da Cidade e da criação do Ministério das Cidades, que publica, em 2009, as diretrizes para a elaboração do cadastro territorial urbano, sob a perspectiva multifinalitária.

The NaI(Tl) detector is one of the most used in gamma ray spectrometry because it presents high counting efficiency for gamma rays in a wide range of energy. The crystal can have a lower efficiency that can be indicated by the effects of its aging by several factors such as: the reaction of sodium iodide with magnesium oxide, absorption of water vapor by crystal, and problems related to photomultiplier. In an experiment, several measures can be take and when a doubt exists between one of the measured values it is possible to use a statistical test. Grubbs test is designed to verify the presence of extreme values in sample observations. This paper presents a methodology that has the objective of evaluating the homogeneity of a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector using the Grubbs test to validated the crystal homogeneity. The study pre-established five differents locations in frontal area of detector where measurements were performed using a 137Cs standard source in order to calculate the standard deviation.

O propósito deste artigo é compreender a redução das matrículas na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) no ensino médio na última década. Especificamente, investiga a oferta de EJA/ensino médio no Brasil, de 2009 a 2019, relacionando-a com alguns dos suportes que guiaram as políticas públicas para a modalidade nessa etapa da educação básica: a forma de lidar com a demanda, a flexibilização do tipo de oferta e a ampliação da certificação. Em seguida, analisa algumas das implicações dessas políticas para a educação da classe trabalhadora, em um período que abarca a crise e o colapso da ideologia neodesenvolvimentista e a ascensão dos ultraliberais ao poder. Com base nos dados quantitativos, em documentos oficiais e na literatura especializada, busca desvelar alguns dos aspectos da correlação de forças responsáveis pela redução e pela estagnação das matrículas na EJA/ensino médio no período, que resultaram no fortalecimento de ações educacionais como, por exemplo, elaborar e/ou aprimorar exames nacionais. O itinerário das políticas públicas constituído nessa correlação de forças demonstrou que tais ações incentivaram a certificação, potencializando o mercado da educação não formal. Conclui-se, portanto, que, seja por meios como o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem) ou o Exame Nacional para Certificação de Competências de Jovens e Adultos (Encceja), o neoliberalismo e o neodesenvolvimentismo contribuíram para esvaziar o direito à escolarização de ensino médio de jovens e adultos da classe trabalhadora e fortaleceram os vínculos do potencial estudante da EJA com a educação não formal e, em sentido mais amplo, com o mercado de certificação.

Positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging with the Pittsburgh Compound_B (PiB) is widely used to assess amyloid plaque burden. Standard quantification approaches normalize PiB-PET by mean cerebellar gray matter uptake. Previous studies suggested similar pons and white-matter uptake in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy controls (HC), but lack exhaustive comparison of normalization across the three regions, with data-driven diagnostic classification.We aimed to compare the impact of distinct reference regions in normalization, measured by data-driven statistical analysis, and correlation with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid β (Aβ) species concentrations.243 individuals with clinical diagnosis of AD, HC, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and other dementias, from the Biomarkers for Alzheimer's/Parkinson's Disease (BIOMARKAPD) initiative were included. PiB-PET images and CSF concentrations of Aβ38, Aβ40 and Aβ42 were submitted to classification using support vector machines. Voxel-wise group differences and correlations between normalized PiB-PET images and CSF Aβ concentrations were calculated.Normalization by cerebellar gray matter and pons yielded identical classification accuracy of AD (accuracy-96%, sensitivity-96%, specificity-95%), and significantly higher than Aβ concentrations (best accuracy 91%). Normalization by the white-matter showed decreased extent of statistically significant multivoxel patterns and was the only method not outperforming CSF biomarkers, suggesting statistical inferiority. Aβ38 and Aβ40 correlated negatively with PiB-PET images normalized by the white-matter, corroborating previous observations of correlations with non-AD-specific subcortical changes in white-matter. In general, when using the pons as reference region, higher voxel-wise group differences and stronger correlation with Aβ42, the Aβ42/Aβ40 or Aβ42/Aβ38 ratios were found compared to normalization based on cerebellar gray matter.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks are an emerging technology, useful not only for the military, but also for public and civil purposes. Their versatility provides advantages in situations where an existing network cannot support all requirements of its users, either because of an exceptionally big number of users, or because of the failure of one or more ground base stations. Networks of UAVs can reinforce these cellular networks where needed, redirecting the traffic to available ground stations. Using machine learning algorithms to predict overloaded traffic areas, we propose a UAV positioning algorithm responsible for determining suitable positions for the UAVs, with the objective of a more balanced redistribution of traffic, to avoid saturated base stations and decrease the number of users without a connection. The tests performed with real data of user connections through base stations show that, in less restrictive network conditions, the algorithm to dynamically place the UAVs performs significantly better than in more restrictive conditions, reducing significantly the number of users without a connection. We also conclude that the accuracy of the prediction is a very important factor, not only in the reduction of users without a connection, but also on the number of UAVs deployed.

Objetivou-se determinar os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca (CDAMS), proteína bruta (CDAPB) e energia bruta (CDAEB) dos resíduos de biscoito de coco (RBC), biscoito doce (RBD) e macarrão (RM) para a tilápia-do-nilo e avaliar o desempenho destes alevinos alimentados com dietas contendo o resíduo com o maior valor nutritivo. No estudo de digestibilidade 72 juvenis (70,5±2,7g) foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos e três repetições (12 peixes por repetição). A determinação dos CDA foi realizada pelo método indireto, com a utilização de 0,10% de óxido crômico (Cr2O3) como indicador. Para avaliação do desempenho 225 alevinos (3,4±0,5g) foram distribuídos em 15 tanques (150 L), compondo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e três repetições. As dietas testes continham níveis de inclusão de 0, 4, 8, 12 e 16% do RBC. Os CDAMS, CDAPB, CDAEB para os resíduos foram respectivamente: 85, 88 e 86% para RBC; 32, 51 e 46% para RBD e 24, 31 e 26%, para RM. A inclusão do RBC afetou significativamente as variáveis: peso final, taxa de crescimento específico e taxa de retenção proteica, assim como os valores da composição da carcaça para matéria seca, matéria mineral, energia bruta e extrato etéreo. O RBC apresenta melhor digestibilidade em relação aos demais resíduos testados, podendo substituir o farelo de milho em até 11,62%, melhorando o desempenho dos peixes.

Impulse control disorders (ICD) may occur in Parkinson's disease (PD) although it remains to be understood if such deficits may occur even in the absence of a formal ICD diagnosis. Moreover, studies addressing simultaneously distinct neurobehavioral domains, such as cognitive, proactive and reactive motor impulsivity, are still lacking. Here, we aimed to investigate if reactive, proactive and cognitive impulsivity involving risk taking are concomitantly affected in medicated PD patients, and whether deficits were dependent on response strategies, such as speed accuracy tradeoffs, or the proportion of omission vs. commission errors. We assessed three different impulsivity domains in a sample of 21 PD patients and 13 matched controls. We found impaired impulsivity in both reactive (p = 0.042) and cognitive domains (p = 0.015) for the PD patients, irrespective of response strategy. For the latter, effect sizes were larger for the actions related with reward processing (p = 0.017, dCohen = 0.9). In the proactive impulsivity task, PD patients showed significantly increased number of omissions (p = 0.041), a response strategy which was associated with preserved number of commission errors. Moreover, the number of premature and proactive response errors were correlated with disease stage. Our findings suggest that PD ON medication is characterized compared to healthy controls by impairment across several impulsivity domains, which is moderated in the proactive domain by the response strategy.

Knowledge on the nutritional value of feed ingredient is an important step in the formulation of diets in order to maximize animal productivity. Thus a study was conducted to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter (ADCDM), crude protein (ADCCP), gross energy (ADCGE) and amino acids (ADCAA) of conventional feed ingredients for juvenile silver mojarra (13.0 ± 3.23 g). The study was conducted in the laboratory for nutrition and feeding of fish (AQUANUT), using 80 silver mojarra collected in nature, which were kept in digestibility aquaria for a period of 21 days. The following ingredients were evaluated: fish meal, soybean meal, corn meal, corn gluten meal, rice bran, wheat bran and starch, which substituted 30% of a reference pelletized diet with 325.00 g kg-1 crude protein and 3,692 Kcal kg-1 gross energy. Additionally 1.0 g kg-1 chrome oxide was added to each diet as a marker. The excreta were obtained using three repetitions for each tested ingredient, which were dried for further analyses. The soybean meal showed the best ADCDM value (67.45%), followed by the other ingredients. There was no significant difference between the soybean meal (95.16%), fish meal (92.97%) and the corn meal (91.90%) for the best ADCCP coefficients. The ADCGE for soybean meal and maize meal were 65.23% and 60.31%, respectively, followed by fish meal (51.85%). The results demonstrate that silver mojarra can digest animal protein as well as that of vegetal origin. Silver mojarra can also efficiently digest and absorb some of the main amino acids of fish, such as lysine, methionine and threonine, from the same studied ingredients.

This theoretical paper aims to investigate the internationalization of firms as a process driven and catalyzed by the individual entrepreneur. In this sense, we became interested in developing the theme of international entrepreneurship. However, when he turned his eyes to the EI studies, the level of analysis presented is over the firm's internationalization. Thus, this paper is grounded in presenting the firms’ internationalization as a process driven and catalyzed by the individual entrepreneur. Its relevance is due to: (1) arguments that strategy is an understanding of the entrepreneurial process, and (2) review the theoretical EI’s approaches. In this way of thought, we made a remark about a lack of studies that categorizing internationalization process from the perspective of entrepreneurship theories. In order to achieve the proposed objective, a review on two major theoretical branches was made.

ABSTRACT The growth of the Brazilian aquaculture has stimulated the development of the productive chain of native species, including marine environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance of juvenile mojarra fish (Diapterus rhombeus) fed diets containing different concentrations of crude protein (32, 36, 40 and 44 g 100 g-1). The 80 juvenile mojarra (7.2±1.5 g) were kept in 16 circular tanks (150 L). The study design used was completely randomized with four treatments and four repetitions. The fish were fed four times a day. At the end of the experiment (60 days) the final weight, feed intake, weight gain (WG), feed:gain ratio (FGR), protein efficiency rate (PER), energy efficiency rate, specific growth, survival rate and, body composition were evaluated. It was verified significant effect of protein level on the WG, with the best value at the level of 38.20 g 100 g-1 of crude protein. For FGR, the best estimated value occurred with 38.06 g 100 g-1 of crude protein, similar to that reported for the PER (38.91 g 100 g-1). The other performance parameters and body composition were not influenced by crude protein levels. Diet crude protein concentrations between 38.06 and 38.91 g 100 g-1 provide the best performance indices for juvenile mojarra.

La investigación analizó los impactos ambientales causados por las actividades humanas en la microcuenca del río Parafuso en el municipio de Moju en el Estado de Pará (Brasil). Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante herramientas de geoprocesamiento, investigación documental, cuestionarios, entrevistas semi estructuradas, observación directa y la cartografía participativa. Los resultados mostraron que las actividades antropogénicas y de crecimiento de la población sin planificación, combinada con el uso excesivo de los recursos naturales, causan un deterioro grave en los medios físico, biótico y antrópico en la cuenca del río Parafuso. Las fuentes identificadas en esta cuenca son difusas, temporales y han cambiado. La jerarquía del río en el sistema de drenaje es de segundo orden. La mayoría de los impactos ambientales identificados son de de carácter adverso, de gran importancia, de alta magnitude y de duración larga. El medio fisico es el más afectado. En orden de magnitud e importancia, la agricultura es la actividad que hace los principales impactos adversos y duraderos sobre el ambiente físico y el ambiente biológico.

The productive performance and the variable cost of production were evaluated for different feeding strategies for tilapia during the production cycle. A sample of 2,000 juvenile tilapia was distributed (23.55 ± 2.38 g) into five treatments and with four repetitions as follows: C (feed consumption to apparent satiety), R20 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 20 g), R200 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 200 g), R400 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 400 g) and R600 (beginning feed restriction when fish reached an average weight of 600 g). The fish were given extruded commercial feed containing 34% crude protein until they reached a weight of 200 g, at which time they received feed containing 32% crude protein. Monthly biometrics were performed in order to determine the food restriction starting point, which was one day of restriction followed by six feeding days. The following parameters were evaluated: water quality, productive performance variables, the variable costs of production and excreted nitrogen. The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared using Tukey’s test (5% significance). No statistical differences were observed in final weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion or survival. The fish from the R20 treatment had the lowest variable cost of production (g fish-1) and the lowest nitrogen excretion into the water. This suggests that feed restriction from the early stages of life does not compromise the productive performance and contributes to reducing the variable costs and the quantity of nitrogen excreted into the environment. Thus, a one-day per week feed restriction strategy can be applied from the earliest stages of life without compromising the productive performance or body composition of Nile tilapia. This strategy can also reduce variable costs of production by means of reducing relative labour and feed costs.

In order to develop computer tools for speech therapy that reliably classify speech productions, there is a need for speech production corpora that characterize the target population in terms of age, gender, and native language. Apart from including correct speech productions, in order to characterize the target population, the corpora should also include samples from people with speech sound disorders. In addition, the annotation of the data should include information on the correctness of the speech productions. Following these criteria, we collected a corpus that can be used to develop computer tools for speech and language therapy of Portuguese children with sigmatism. The proposed corpus contains European Portuguese children’s word productions in which the words have sibilant consonants. The corpus has productions from 356 children from 5 to 9 years of age. Some important characteristics of this corpus, that are relevant to speech and language therapy and computer science research, are that (1) the corpus includes data from children with speech sound disorders; and (2) the productions were annotated according to the criteria of speech and language pathologists, and have information about the speech production errors. These are relevant features for the development and assessment of speech processing tools for speech therapy of Portuguese children. In addition, as an illustration on how to use the corpus, we present three speech therapy games that use a convolutional neural network sibilants classifier trained with data from this corpus and a word recognition module trained on additional children data and calibrated and evaluated with the collected corpus.

Thin glass is currently widespread in mobile devices and has great potential for applications in buildings. However, presently there is no standard method to determine the strength of thin glass for building applications and there is little experimental data available on its mechanical behaviour. Hence, this paper presents experimental and numerical investigations developed with two main goals: (i) to assess and (eventually) adapt existing test setups in order to determine the strength of thin glass; and (ii) to characterize thin glass using those tests, focusing on the ultimate strength of the material. The experimental programme, which was executed at TU Delft, comprised destructive tests on chemically tempered thin glass (thickness of 2 mm). Two destructive tests were assessed and tentatively improved: the in-plane four-point bending test, which involved many difficulties related with geometrical and mechanical instabilities; and the buckling test, which provided a lower bound for the material strength, as failure was triggered in the supports (due to stress concentrations). Based on the results obtained, a new tension test was proposed and numerically investigated; the results obtained revealed many advantages over the former tests in terms of quality/consistency of results and possibility of standardization.

An understanding of feed ingredient digestibility for the pirarucu is a fundamental step in the development of feeds that promote proper growth of the specie while in captivity. A digestibility trial was conducted with four treatments in triplicate (corn starch, corn, rice bran and wheat bran) to evaluate the digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, crude protein and amino acids by the pirarucu. We used indirect methodology with the inclusion of chromium oxide at 0.1% in the feeds. In total, 18 juveniles were used, with an average live weight of 235 ± 36 g. The sampled juveniles were trained to consume the feeds prior to testing. The corn and cornstarch presented the best apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, with 76.37% and 70.66%, respectively, followed by rice bran (46.23%) and wheat bran (45.13%). The best ADCs of crude protein were observed in corn (93.44%) and cornstarch (90.94%) compared to rice bran (68.23%) and wheat bran (68.58%). There was no significant difference in the ADC of gross energy; the values ranged from 47.10% for corn starch to 40.10% for corn. The corn and corn starch presented the best ADCs for all the amino acids evaluated, followed by rice bran and wheat bran.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly evolving technology that is changing almost every business, and aquaculture is no exception. In this work we present an integrated IoT platform for the acquisition of environmental data and the monitoring of aquaculture environments, supported by a real-time communication and processing network. The complete monitoring platform consists of environmental sensors equipped in a swarm of mobile Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) and Buoys, capable of collecting aquatic and outside information, and sending it to a central station where it will be stored and processed. The sensing platform, formed by the USVs and Buoys, are equipped with multi-communication technology: IEEE 802.11n (Wi-Fi) and Bluetooth for short range communication, for mission delegation and the transmission of data collection, and LoRa for periodic report. On the back-end side, supported by FIWARE technology, an interactive web-based platform can be used to define sensing missions and for data visualization. Results on the sensing platform lifetime, mission control and delay processing time are presented to assess the performance of the aquatic monitoring system.

Foi avaliado o desempenho produtivo e o custo de produção variável da utilização de diferentes estratégias de alimentação para tilápia durante o ciclo de produção. Foram distribuídos 2000 juvenis (23,55 ± 2,38 g) em cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições: C (consumo até a saciedade aparente), R20 (início da restrição quando peixes atingiam peso médio de 20 g), R200 (início da restrição quando peixes atingiam peso médio de 200 g), R400 (início da restrição quando peixes atingiam peso médio de 400 g) e R600 (início da restrição quando peixes atingiam peso médio de 600 g). Os peixes foram alimentados com ração comercial extrusada com 34% de proteína bruta até atingirem 200 g, quando passaram a receber ração contendo 32% de proteína bruta. Foram realizadas biometrias mensais para determinação do início da restrição alimentar, que foi de um dia de restrição seguido de seis dias de alimentação. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de qualidade da água, variáveis de desempenho produtivo, os custos variáveis de produção e o nitrogênio excretado. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey (5%). Não foram verificadas diferenças estatísticas no peso final, ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e sobrevivência. Os peixes do tratamento R20 apresentaram o menor custo variável de produção (g peixe-1) e a menor excreção de nitrogênio na água, sugerindo que a restrição alimentar desde as primeiras fases de vida não compromete o desempenho produtivo e contribui para a redução nos custos variáveis e na excreção de nitrogênio no ambiente. Assim, a restrição alimentar de um dia na semana pode ser empregada, sem que haja prejuízos no desempenho produtivo e composição corporal dos peixes, além de contribuir para a redução dos custos variáveis de produção, através da redução dos custos relativos à ração e mão-deobra.

In this paper, we report the first records of Heterophrynus longicornis (Butler, 1873) for the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil. We collected 58 individuals in thirteen municipalities throughout the state: Altos, Brasileira, Caracol, Castelo do Piauí, Guaribas, José de Freitas, Lagoa Alegre, Oeiras, Pedro II, Piracuruca, Teresina, União and Uruçuí.

In the last years, researchers conducted several studies to evaluate the machine translation quality based on the relationship between word alignments and phrase table. However, existing methods usually employ ad-hoc heuristics without theoretical support. So far, there is no discussion from the aspect of providing a formula to describe the relationship among word alignments, phrase table, and machine translation performance. In this paper, on one hand, we focus on formulating such a relationship for estimating the size of extracted phrase pairs given one or more word alignment points. On the other hand, a corpus-motivated pruning technique is proposed to prune the default large phrase table. Experiment proves that the deduced formula is feasible, which not only can be used to predict the size of the phrase table, but also can be a valuable reference for investigating the relationship between the translation performance and phrase tables based on different links of word alignment. The corpus-motivated pruning results show that nearly 98% of phrases can be reduced without any significant loss in translation quality.

A realização deste trabalho objetivou analisar o desempenho hidráulico de sistema de irrigação por gotejamento aplicando água residuária de suinocultura tratada. Foi montada uma estrutura hidráulica de avaliação, constituída de três tipos de gotejadores (G1, G2 e G3). Manteve-se a pressão de serviço no início das linhas laterais em 105 kPa, e quantificaram-se a intervalos de 20 h, as vazões dos gotejadores, até a obtenção de um tempo total de 160 h de operação do sistema. O nível de entupimento dos gotejadores foi obtido por meio do coeficiente de variação de vazão (CVQ). Com a aplicação da água residuária da suinocultura houve aumento do CVQ, ao longo do tempo de funcionamento, somente na subunidade com gotejador G2. Os gotejadores de maior vazão e menor comprimento de labirinto são menos suscetíveis ao entupimento. A formação de biofilme foi resultante da interação entre sólidos suspensos, enxofre e bactérias, consistindo no principal fator de entupimento parcial e total dos gotejadores.

Um experimento foi conduzido nas adjacências do Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Rural, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, no mês de março de 2010, objetivando caracterizar as propriedades físicas de dois solos: Latossolo Amarelo nas profundidades de 0-30; 30-60 cm e um Argissolo Vermelho na profundidade de 0-60 cm, em comparação aos demais tipos de solo (Planossolo, Neossolo regolítico, Argissolo vermelho-amarelo e Neossolo flúvico) em profundidades semelhantes. A coleta das amostras foram realizadas em março de 2010 nos municípios paraibanos de Remigío, Areia e Alagoa Grande totalizando seis tipos de solos. As variáveis analisadas com as amostras obtidas foram: Estabilidade dos agregados, resistência a penetração, densidade do solo, porosidade total do solo e textura. Na avaliação da estabilidade dos agregados como indicador da qualidade do solo, os maiores valores foram encontrados nas profundidades entre 0-30 cm, nos Neossolo Flúvico e Latossolo Amarelo com 98,3% e 95,5%. O Argissolo Vermelho apresentou menor estabilidade dos agregados 12,8%. O Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo e Latossolo Amarelo apresentaram menores valores para a densidade sendo, 1,34 g cm-3 e 1,33 g cm-3 para as profundidades 15-30; 0-30 cm, respectivamente.