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Ocular dimensions measurement is extremely important in cataract procedures and refractive surgery. The use of optical techniques for axial measurements has been developed in recent years.The purpose was to summarize the outcomes reported when swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) optical biometry failed during axial length measurement. A peer-reviewed literature search was carried out to identify publications reporting clinical outcomes for cataractous eyes measured with SS-OCT optical biometers available on the market. A comprehensive analysis of the available data was performed, focusing on parameters such as the sample of eyes evaluated, failure rates, and specifically, the cataract type when the measurement was not possible. 27 studies were included in this review. In general, SS-OCT biometers lead to only small failure rates when measuring axial length (but in some cases up to 38.49%). In the few cases where the measurement was not possible, the cataract type of the eyes was mainly mature white or grade ≥ IV. SS-OCT optical biometers show good outcomes when measuring axial length in eyes with advanced cataracts.We believe that the use of SS-OCT technology may be considered the gold standard for measuring axial length in any type of cataract.

To assess refractive and visual outcomes following phacoemulsification with femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) using intraoperative aberrometry and implantation of a toric intraocular lens (IOL) in eyes with different degrees of astigmatism. One hundred two eyes of 70 patients who underwent implantation of the transitional toric 565 Precizon IOL (Ophtec BV) were enrolled. FLACS, capsular tension ring insertion, and intraoperative aberrometry were performed. Main outcome measures were refractive error, uncorrected- and corrected distance snellen decimal visual acuity values (UDVA and CDVA, respectively), and IOL rotation. Specifically, a vector analysis was carried out with J0 and J45 evaluation. Eyes were evaluated 1-year after surgery. Overall, 94.12% (96 eyes) and 100% (102 eyes) of the eyes showed a spherical equivalent (SE) within ± 0.50D and ± 1.00D, respectively. The mean SE and refractive cylinder were − 0.06 ± 0.29D and − 0.23 ± 0.37D, respectively. Vector analysis revealed that 100% of the eyes were within ± 0.50D for the J0 and J45 cylindrical components. The mean toric axis rotation was 1.10 ± 1.71° (from 0° to 5°), 77% (79 eyes), and 100% (102 eyes) of the eyes showed UDVA and CDVA of 20/25, respectively. The postoperative mean values of monocular UDVA and CDVA were 0.88 ± 0.17 and 0.96 ± 0.07 (about 20/20), respectively. No patient required IOL realignment during the postoperative follow-up. The present study suggests that the use of the Precizon IOL after FLACS, using intraoperative aberrometry in patients with different amounts of astigmatism, provides good visual acuity, accurate refractive outcomes, and excellent rotational stability.

Background The aim of this review is to summarize the optical quality results in patients following the implantation of the V4c implantable collamer lens with a central port (ICL, STAAR Surgical Inc.). Main text A literature search in several databases was carried out to identify those publications, both prospective, retrospective and/or comparative with other refractive surgery procedures, reporting optical outcomes of patients who were implanted with the V4c ICL model. A total of 17 clinical studies published between 2012 and 2021 were included in this review. A detailed analysis of the available data was performed including number of eyes, follow-up and preoperative spherical equivalent. Specifically, the review focused on several optical parameters including higher-order aberrations (HOAs), modulation transfer function (MTF) cut-off frequency and Strehl ratio. This review encompassed a total of 817 eyes measured using different optical devices based on Hartmann-Shack, retinal image quality measurement and ray-tracing technologies at different follow-ups. Conclusions The outcomes found in this review lead us to conclude that the ICL V4c model provides good optical quality, by means of different metrics, when implanted.

This study aimed to summarize the outcomes reported when swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) is used for ocular biometry. A literature search was performed to identify publications reporting clinical outcomes of patients measured with commercial SS-OCT. Twenty-nine studies were included in this review. A comprehensive analysis of the available data was performed, focusing on parameters used for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in cataract surgery, including keratometry, central corneal thickness, white-to-white distance, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, IOL power, and pupil diameter. Different metrics for repeatability, reproducibility, and agreement between devices were analyzed. In general, SS-OCT biometers provide excellent repeatability and reproducibility outcomes; however, the differences obtained for some parameters measured in agreement studies should be carefully analyzed to validate the interchangeability between devices. The good outcomes reported lead us to conclude that optical biometers based on SS-OCT technology are likely to become the gold standard for ocular biometry.

PURPOSE To evaluate the agreement between different parameters obtained with 2 swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT)-based biometers and 1 Scheimpflug camera with partial coherence interferometry (PCI). SETTING Single center, Oftalvist, Alicante, Spain. DESIGN Prospective case series. METHODS Biometry was performed in 49 eyes using 3 optical biometers: ANTERION SS-OCT, IOLMaster 700 SS-OCT, and Pentacam AXL PCI. Keratometry (K), J0 and J45 vectors, anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), white-to-white (WTW), lens thickness (LT), and axial length (AL) were measured with each device. Bland-Altman analysis was applied. RESULTS This study comprises 49 eyes of 49 patients. There were no statistically significant differences for K1, K2, J0 and J45 between the 3 devices (P > .9). In contrast, there was a statistically significant difference in the ACD, CCT, WTW, LT, and AL between the biometers (P < .001). Specifically, there was a statistically significant difference between ACD, CCT, and WTW values for all-pairwise comparisons. IOLMaster showed the shortest ACD value and ANTERION showed the largest ACD. IOLMaster showed the highest CCT and Pentacam showed the lowest CCT. IOLMaster showed the largest WTW and Pentacam showed the shortest WTW. The LT measured with IOLMaster was thicker than that measured with ANTERION. There was a statistically significant difference in the AL between IOLMaster and Pentacam, with a shorter AL measured with IOLMaster (P < .001), but no differences were found between ANTERION and IOLMaster (P = .599) and between ANTERION and Pentacam (P = .054). CONCLUSIONS Mean differences and the limits of agreement obtained in all-pairwise comparisons of the different parameters should be judged clinically to consider the interchangeability of these devices.

Purpose. To assess the efficacy, safety, and predictability of the Visian Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) model having a central port in patients over 40 years of age. Methods. This study included 33 eyes from 21 patients who underwent V4c ICL implantation for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism. We assessed uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell density (ECD), vault, and adverse events occurring over a 1-year period. Results. Mean age of the patients at the time of implantation was 43.52 ± 4.49 years (range: 40 to 56 years). Efficacy and safety indexes were 1 and 1.09, respectively. Surgical outcomes for CDVA were as follows: no eye lost any lines, 19 eyes (57.58%) showed no CDVA changes, 7 eyes (21.21%) gained 1 line, 4 eyes (12.12%) gained 2 lines, and 3 eyes (9.09%) gained ≥3 lines. Mean postoperative spherical equivalent (SE) was −0.09 ± 0.47 D. A total of 29 eyes (87.8%) were within ±0.50 D and 31 eyes (93.9%) were within ±1.00 D of the desired SE. At 1-year, mean IOP was 15.27 ± 3.03 mmHg (range: 9 to 20 mmHg, p=0.12 pre vs. post) and mean ECD was 2516 ± 234 cells/mm2 (p=0.29 pre vs. post). Mean postoperative vault was 320 ± 136 μm, with 201–300 μm being the most prevalent vault range for 9 eyes (31.03%). None of the eyes showed a vault >701 μm. There were neither intraoperative nor postoperative complications; in fact, all ICL implantation procedures were uneventful. Conclusions. Our study’s findings support the use of this lens in patients over 40 years of age. A long follow-up period is advisable to monitor ICL position relative to the crystalline lens.

Varenicline is an effective smoking cessation therapy in clinical trials. However, its effectiveness might vary in a real world setting and its long term effectiveness (2-year) has not been reported yet.The objective was ascertaining the effectiveness of varenicline in the treatment of tobacco consumption in Primary Care settings.Observational, multicenter, retrospective study using medical records of smokers followed for 24 months. Sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidity, type of treatment (varenicline with or without group therapy), and smoking characteristics (Fageström and Richmond tests, starting age, number of cigarettes, cessation attempts, and initial CO-oximeter measurements) were evaluated.773 smokers treated with varenicline (72.4%) or varenicline combined with group therapy (27.6%) were included. Mean age was 43.6 years [51.7% male (n = 400)]. Continuous abstinence rate at 24 months was 44.4%, with no significant gender or age differences. Median cessation time was 398 days (95%CI: 376-421). A clear association was detected between the probability of remaining abstinent at 24 months and participation in group therapy (OR: 1.877, 95%CI: 1.362-2.589), as well as treatment adherence (compliance80%) (OR: 6.556, 95%CI: 5.870-7.242), but not with co-financing of treatment (observed in 77% of patients). For every day that varenicline was taken, abstinence increased by an average of 6.6 days.This retrospective cohort study suggests that 2-year effectiveness of varenicline might be substantial in a real world setting. The abstinence rate was higher for those who also receive group therapy.

Purpose This article reports the first case of a sutureless artificial iris prosthesis used in combination with cataract surgery for congenital aniridia with successful visual and cosmetic results. Case report A 15-year-old woman with congenital bilateral partial aniridia, cataracts, and intense photophobia presented to the Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit of the Ophthalmology Department. She was managed with an artificial iris implant (ArtificialIris, Dr. Schmidt Intraocularlinsen GmbH, Human Optics) fixed in the ciliary sulcus without any sutures after small-incision cataract surgery. At the 1-year follow-up, subjective complaints of glare and photophobia as well as binocular near visual acuity improved significantly. The cosmetic result was excellent. No postoperative complications have been recorded within this period. Conclusions The ArtificialIris is a promising device for treating photophobia in congenital aniridia. ArtificialIris does not require suture fixation with adequate capsular support and iris remnants.

PURPOSE To show how effective photodynamic therapy (PDT) is for papillary hemangioma. PATIENT AND METHODS During follow-up, a papillary hemangioma in a 7-year-old girl increased in size, reducing visual acuity. PDT (verteporfin at a dose of 6 mg/m body surface area and a light dose of 50 J/cm for 83 seconds) with a spot placed directly over the whole papilla was used to treat the tumor. A reduction in exudation and an improvement in visual acuity were achieved after two treatments. DISCUSSION In this case, PDT over a tumor on the optic nerve head allowed preservation of some visual function; this strategy can be considered a therapeutic option for tumors in this location.

RESUMEN La etiopatogenia del queratocono tiene muchas incognitas por resolver. Sin embargo, la alteracion de la biomecanica corneal juega un papel clave en su aparicion. El crosslinking es una tecnica sencilla y segura que ha permitido enlentecer la progresion del queratocono, disminuyendo la necesidad de llegar a la queratoplastia. Esta tecnica se fundamenta en aumentar la estabilidad de la estructura corneal modificando las propiedades biomecanicas intrinsecas del colageno corneal. El aumento de popularidad de este procedimiento enfatiza la necesidad de desarrollar tecnicas mas precisas y fiables para medir las propiedades biomecanicas corneales in vivo antes y despues de los tratamientos y monitorizar asi la evolucion de la cornea ectasica.