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Abstrak: Ketersediaan buku ajar dalam menunjang proses pembelajaran menjadi hal yang penting dan harus disusun secara sistematis oleh seorang dosen untuk meningkatkan mutu pembelajaraan dan ketercapaian pembelajaran yang telah ditargetkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi secara mendalam mengenai kebutuhan awal mahasiswa akan pengembangan buku ajar digital berbasis flipbook. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yakni deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik survey. Instrumen berupa keusioner yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diberikan pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi FKIP Universitas Sriwijaya yang mengambil mata kuliah Teori Ekonomi Mikro di tahun 2024 dengan jumlah 68 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 95,6% mahasiswa membutuhkan untuk dilakukannya pengembangan sumber ajar inovatif untuk mendukung pelaksanaan pembelajaran, salah satunya adalah dengan mengembangkan buku ajar digital berbasis flipbook. Hal ini disebabkan karena masih terdapat kendala dalam mempelajari mata kuliah ini, diantaranya kompleksitas materi perkuliahan yang membutuhkan kemampuan analitis dan keterampilan matematis, keterbatasan waktu pembelajaran, serta keterbatasan sumber ajar yang tersedia. Hasil studi analisis kebutuhan ini akan dipergunakan peneliti sebagai dasar dalam mengembangkan buku ajar digital berbasis flipbook yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan karakteristik mahasiswa, namun juga tetap menyesuaikan pada kurikulum dan capaian pembelajaran yang dibebankan di mata kuliah tersebut. Abstract: Availability of textbooks supporting the learning process is important and must be arranged systematically by a lecturer to improve the quality of learning and achievement of targeted learning. This research aims to obtain in-depth information regarding students' initial needs for developing digital-based textbooks flipbooks. The research method used is quantitative descriptive with survey techniques. The instrument in the form of a questionnaire used in this research was given to students of the Economic Education Study Program at FKIP Sriwijaya University who were taking the Microeconomic Theory course in 2024 with a total of 68 respondents. The research results indicate that 95.6% of students need to develop innovative teaching resources to support learning, one of which is developing flipbook-based digital textbooks. This is due to challenges in studying this course, including the complexity of lecture materials that require analytical skills and mathematical abilities, limited learning time, and a lack of available teaching resources. The results of this needs analysis study will be used by researchers as a basis for developing a digital-based textbook flipbook that follows the needs and characteristics of students, but also adapts to the curriculum and learning outcomes imposed in the course.

The Indonesian government's approach to tourism development is based on a growth strategy that aims to promote economic equality and enhance the population's welfare. This approach is also oriented towards regional development, which relies on the community and empowers local communities across various sectors. The principles of sustainable tourism are further elucidated by the Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy Regulation Number 9 of 2021, which sets forth guidelines for sustainable tourism destinations. Sustainable tourism assessments must adhere to the guidelines for sustainable tourism destinations, given the pressing need for tourism development in Indonesia. The issue that arises in the management of beach tourism is how to guarantee the sustainability of beach tourism by the sustainable tourism destination guidelines. The objective of the preliminary assessment of tourist areas is to provide managers with initial guidance for enhancing Oecina beach management. The assessment of the sustainability status employed the sustainable tourism self-assessment platform Desti.id, comprising 175 questions distributed across four domains: governance, social and economic aspects, cultural aspects, and environmental aspects. The data analysis commenced with the administration of in-depth interviews, accompanied by questionnaires, to key informants and area managers. The study's findings are presented in the form of leverage factors, which can be employed to inform a strategy of gradual improvement. The results demonstrated that the status was unsustainable, with an average existing condition value of 20.45. It was thus necessary to implement improvements to 15 sensitive factors in the existing condition, which were to be achieved gradually through three sustainability scenarios.

This study aims to analyze the influence of women's leadership on banking productivity with artificial intelligence (AI) as a mediator. This study involved 90 employees of Bank SulSelBar Makassar, where the entire population was sampled (saturated sample). The method used is quantitative, using primary data collected through questionnaires. The data analysis technique used structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the relationship between variables with the help of SmartPLS software version 3.0. The study results indicate that women's leadership positively affects banking productivity and the implementation of AI. However, the implementation of AI itself does not affect banking productivity. AI cannot mediate the influence of women's leadership on banking productivity. This study advises banks to continue supporting inclusive women's leadership and adopt advanced technology to increase productivity. Theoretically, this study does not support the assumption that technology such as AI will automatically increase productivity without considering the context of leadership. The application of AI needs to be carried out optimally by considering the technology's suitability for banking needs.

Ship crew members are responsible for the arrival of ship to the final destination safely during the voyage, irrespective of the various marine environmental conditions such as wavy sea, wind strength, direction, currents, and tides which supports or hinders navigation. Adequate crew competence is essential to navigate these challenges effectively. Therefore, this research examined the relationship between marine environmental conditions and ship crew competence in controlling the ship. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to 175 crew members of an Indonesian-flagged merchant ship and analyzed using the SEM-SmartPLS method. The results showed a positive and significant influence between marine environmental conditions and crew competence with coefficients of 0.818 and 0.212, respectively. Furthermore, both marine environmental conditions and crew competence showed a moderate effect on ship management, as illustrated by an R square value of 0.362.

Cultural heritage conceptually addresses the conservation of physical and non-physical dimensions. Heritage conservation generally intends to create pleasant spatial experiences and socio-culturally friendly living environments while accommodating contemporary needs. Conservation frameworks for protecting urban fabric driven by physical authenticity and expert judgment need to pay increased attention to public-based assessment experiences to improve people’s perspectives on the quality of urban historic areas. The notions of inclusive conservation posit that community understanding is essential for appreciating historic urban areas due to various social, cultural, historical, and political conditions. According to public narratives and perspectives, this study describes the types of urban historic districts perceived as attractive. The investigation uses the qualitative method to analyze data from 170 participants obtained through an online questionnaire and content analysis methods with open, axial, and selective coding. The findings reveal that from the public perspective of environmental quality assessment, historic districts are categorized under three types according to attractiveness. Three types of historic areas are vibrant, relaxing, and dull districts. As such, the study emphasizes the importance of human sensory experience in urban planning and design and its consequences for urban heritage conservation.

Background: Merchants sell a variety of food for schoolchildren. In an attempt to make the food they offer more enticing and long-lasting, dealers frequently add food additives, sometimes prohibited food additives which is against the law. Predisposing conditions affect the addition of additives to snacks. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the factors that influence the addition of food ingredients not allowed by snack vendors in snacks sold around elementary schools Methods: This study used a survey approach with a cross-sectional design. The 99 traders that made up the study's sample were chosen randomly. The use of food additives was the dependent variable and the independent variables were gender, education, knowledge, age, and length of selling. Test kits were used in laboratories to analyze snack samples sold by traders in order to identify food additives (formalin, borax, Rhodamine B, and Yellow Methanol). Multivariate, bivariate, and univariate analysis were used in the research process. The multiple logistic regression with 95% Confident Interval and chi-square statistical tests were employed in this investigation. Results: The number of snacks checked by test-kit with the result was 21.2% of snacks containing prohibited food additives with a good level of knowledge on the sword as much as 52.5%. The results of the chi-square test statistics for knowledge (p=0.001), age (p=0.010), length of sale (p=0.022) was related to the use of prohibited food additives. The results of multivariate analysis showed that knowledge was the most influential factor in the use of food additives. Conclusions: Traders' knowledge about the use of food additives was the main factor, besides that relate factors were age and length of selling.

In the last few years, much research has focused on the stability and improvement of the thermo-physical properties of single-component nanofluids. Some studies have not made many improvements to the stability and thermophysical properties of various types of green nanofluids from several variations of nanoparticles. Green nanofluids must be developed to improve heat transfer performance from their stability and thermal conductivity factors. Stability and thermal conductivity of Nano-silicate suspended in a base mixture of water /ethylene glycol with the ratio of 60:40, different volume concentrations were investigated. The experiments carried out were the stability of the green nanofluids investigated for volume concentrations of 0.1~0.3% and temperature conditions from 30 to 70°C for thermal conductivity measurement using TEMPOS Thermal Properties Analyzer. The experimental results showed that the stability analysis of the green nanofluids prepared by the UV-Vis method was stable up to 30 days after preparation with a sonication time of 1 hour with a ratio of 70-80%. The evaluation of the zeta potential for green nanofluids obtained a value of 33.57 mV with a moderate stability classification. The highest thermal conductivity for the green nanofluids was obtained at 0.3%, and the maximum increase was 17% higher than that of the base liquid (W/EG). Green nanofluids with a concentration of 0.1% gave the lowest effective thermal conductivity of 1.09 time at 70°C.

The body's iron levels may become insufficient when one is not in the habit of having breakfast, potentially resulting in anemia among adolescents. Online nutrition education on anemia serves as a means to enhance knowledge and breakfast habits among adolescent girls. This study aimed to determine the effect of online nutrition education on anemia on adolescent girls’ breakfast habits. The study design was a cluster randomized trial (CRTs). The subjects were randomly assigned to the treatment group (n = 99) or the control group (n = 101). Research data were collected at SMP Negeri 5 Sukoharjo and SMP Negeri 2 Sukoharjo, which were selected through simple random sampling from March to December 2022. Online nutrition education was directed for six sessions over two weeks with a 1-month reflection. Data on breakfast habits were collected using the Food Record form and analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test. No improvement in breakfast habits was observed in either group. There was no difference in breakfast habits among adolescent girls in the treatment group, who received nutritional education about anemia, and in the control group, who did not (p=0,174). In conclusion, online nutrition education has not been sufficient to improve breakfast habits among adolescent girls.

Upaya Direktorat Jenderal Pajak untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pajak dengan melakukan transformasi perpajakan. Melalui program relawan pajak bekerja sama dengan lembaga pendidikan tinggi Universitas Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda dengan KPP Pratama Samarinda Kanwil Kaltimtara. bertujuan dan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap kewajiban perpajakan. Relawan pajak bertugas mendampingi wajib pajak untuk melaporkan surat pemberitahuan tahunan menggunakan e-filling. E-filing merupakan salah satu aplikasi yang tersedia di situs Direktorat Jenderal Pajak online digunakan untuk melapor surat pemberitahuan secara online setiap saat. Hasil pengabdian ini, wajib pajak memahami kewajiban perpajakan dan dapat pemahaman bagaimana menghitung PPh-nya, mengetahui batasan penghasilan tidak kena pajak dari setiap penghasilan, pembuatan kode billing, melaporkan dan mengisi form laporan pengisian surat pemberitahuan tahunan.

The phenomenon of fluctuating chili prices can be resolved in stages, one of which is through multiple crosses. However, this cross requires precise methods in the evaluation and selection process, especially regarding fruit characteristics. Image-based phenotyping 4.0 approaches can increase the potential precision of such evaluation genotypes, especially when this approach is combined with multivariate analysis. Therefore, both methods are needed to evaluate and select these cayenne multiple crosses. This research aims to identify the effectiveness of multivariate analysis and image-based explanatory characteristics of fruit phenotypes and to select multiple crosses that can continue to the F2 generation. The research was designed with a randomized complete block design of ten F1 multiple cross-genotypes and four check varieties. Each genotype was repeated three times, so there were 42 experimental units. Based on the results, multivariate was considered adequate in determining image explanatory characters based on fruit phenotype and genotype mapping of the population diversity of multiple crosses of cayenne pepper. The characteristics of fruit height, fruit area, and fruit Intden are image-based explanatory characters that can map the completeness of cayenne pepper fruit between multiple crosses well. This indicates that image-based phenotyping and multivariate analysis can provide more detailed image information of the potential of cayenne fruit from multiple crosses than just based on fruit weight. Therefore, both approaches are recommended for analyzing cayenne paper fruit potential, especially for multiple crosses. In addition, three crosses (MC4, MC8, and MC9) are optimal for the next generation to be recommended and continued.

Tamedan Village is one of the fish producing villages so obtaining raw materials for making fish floss is very easy to obtain. The partner for this activity is the coconut fish floss business group, which is still making shredded meat in a simple way due to a lack of knowledge about the shredded mixer tool which can speed up the processing process, the product packaging is also still very simple and has not been able to market its products widely due to limited knowledge about marketing activities and the lack of it. partner's understanding of business management and there is no bookkeeping yet. The aim of this service activity is Technology Transfer for using tools to make coconut fish floss to make it more practical. Carrying out counseling, training and demonstrations as well as assistance regarding the shredded production process using a shredded mixer, using labeled packaging and simple bookkeeping training. The results of this service activity can provide an understanding of shredded mixer tools, provide skills in processing fish floss and packaging with labels so that the product loks attractive and can increase sales and partner understanding in terms of financial recording.

The sorted() function within the Python programming language has emerged as the primary choice among developers for sorting operations. Consequently, this study offers a comparative analysis of various classical sorting algorithms and Python's built-in sorting mechanisms, with the objective of identifying the most time-efficient sorting algorithm. The analysis involves assessing the time complexity of each algorithm while handling data arrays ranging from 10 to 1,000,000 elements using Python. These arrays are populated with randomly generated numeric values falling within the range of 1 to 1000. The benchmark algorithms utilized encompass Heap Sort, Shell Sort, Quick Sort, and Merge Sort. A looping mechanism is applied to each algorithm, and their execution speeds are gauged utilizing the Python 'time.perf_counter()' library. The findings of this study collectively indicate that Python's standard algorithm, surpasses classic sorting algorithms, including Heapsort, Shellsort, Quicksort, and Mergesort, in terms of execution.

The concept of sustainable business, which emerges as one of the consequences of environmental degradation, is currently a significant focus for many entities. Having the ability to incorporate business costs with environmental sustainability within an accounting system becomes a distinct advantage for companies. The term for this concept is referred to as "green accounting". This article aims to explore and map research related to Green Accounting using bibliometric methods, covering the observation period from 1976 to 2023. Data were sourced from the Scopus database using keywords "green accounting" and "environment* accounting". The Scopus search yielded a total of 421 articles or documents discussing Green Accounting. The employed method was bibliometric analysis, utilizing R-Studio Biblioshiny and Vos Viewer software. The results of this mapping indicate a progressive increase in publication volume over time, particularly within the last two decades. The majority of publication sources stem from the Social and Environmental Accountability Journal and are predominantly authored by individuals from the United Kingdom and the United States. The primary trending topics in green accounting research revolve around the central theme of environmental accounting, which is presently undergoing evolution and generating several other new topics.

Purpose: Sustainable finance and carbon taxation represent a rich field of research. However, existing reviews are often constrained, offering piecemeal insights drawn from subsets of the literature rather than the entire body of work on these topics. To address this gap, this study seeks to comprehensively map the research dynamics surrounding carbon taxation and sustainable finance. By employing big data analytics and machine learning to analyze scholarly research, it explores the evolution of the field, assesses the impact of key publications, and examines collaborative efforts that drive innovation. Method: This study employs bibliometric methods, using R Studio software, to analyze publication data from 2020 to 2024. It identifies keywords, emerging trends, author collaborations, and contributions from various countries. Result: The findings reveal a significant increase in research on carbon taxation and sustainable finance, with China emerging as the largest contributor. The analysis also uncovers key trends in topics such as economic development and carbon dioxide emissions, which are central to global discussions. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the importance of international collaboration in tackling climate change and promoting economic sustainability. This study not only enriches academic literature but also offers valuable insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and other stakeholders addressing environmental and economic sustainability challenges. Practical Implications for Economic Growth and Development: This research offers valuable insights for policymakers to promote environmentally friendly economic growth strategies through carbon tax policies and sustainable finance initiatives.

Purpose: This study explores strategic and technological approaches for sustainable oil production in Indonesia, focusing on policy frameworks, eco-innovation, and supply chain resilience to align with national and global standards. It also analyzes the organizational transition of Pertamina Drilling Service Indonesia (PDSI) to better navigate industry challenges with the outcome of a framework sustainable practices. Design/methodology/approach: Utilizing Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) to analyze primary qualitative data, the research examines PDSI's adaptation to depict the current business environment and challenges both domestically and globally, addressing industry demands. It focuses on operational objectives, strategic asset management, regulatory compliance, and market positioning. SSM offers a comprehensive framework for understanding and modeling the organizational changes within PDSI. Findings: The transition to a functional organizational structure has led to enhanced operational efficiency, clearer role definition, and improved employee retention and development strategies at PDSI. The study also highlights the industry's challenges, including high risks, capital intensity, environmental concerns, and fluctuating oil prices, and how PDSI is strategically responding to these challenges. Research limitations/implications: The study faces limitations due to reliance on specific data sources and the inherent complexity of the oil and gas sector. However, it offers valuable insights into the dynamics of organizational change in a high-risk industry. Practical implications: The findings provide a roadmap for PDSI in addressing operational efficiency, human resource management, and organizational agility. This includes aligning business expansion with environmental sustainability and enhancing competitiveness through technological innovation. Social implications: By focusing on strategic employee development and retention, the study underscores the importance of human capital in the oil and gas industry, impacting social aspects of business operations. Originality/value: This research contributes to the understanding of organizational transitions in the oil and gas sector. It offers a unique perspective on how PDSI can achieve sustainable growth and industry leadership through a functional organizational structure, underlined by a comprehensive framework emphasizing efficiency, adaptability, and continuous improvement.

The increasing bacterial resistances to antibiotics are serious threat to world health. In Indonesia, there are resistant bacteria such as Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In order to overcome the problem, the compounds contained in the Hibiscus sabdariffa L. are potential to be developed as new antibacterial against MRSA. To confirm the antibacterial activity, the extract of roselle calyx was tested against MRSA. The twelve compounds contained in the extract was docked into binding site of PBP2a using Autodock 4.2.6. The results showed MIC 2.5% of roselle extract. Two flavonoid compounds comply the Lipinski’s rules and the docking results showed all compounds had higher binding affinity than reference ligand ceftobiprole. The quantitative structure-physicochemical property relationship (QSPR) found that steric property (CMR) and energy (Etotal) of ligand contributed to the binding affinity against PBP2a. It concluded kaempferol-rutinoside was the most potential compound from H. sabdariffa that could be selected as lead compound to be develop as antibacterial agents.

This research aims to analyze the comparison of the acceleration of increasing the cattle population between programs to increase the cattle population (PSDS, GBIB, Upsus Siwab, and Sikomandan) in Jambi Province as well as the direct and indirect influence of the factors determining the acceleration of increasing the cattle population. This research uses secondary data from Jambi Province Statistics for 2011-2022. A multivariable comparative analysis uses ANOVA (Analysis of variances). Further testing can be done with Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD). Path analysis was used to analyze the direct and indirect influence of the factors determining the accelerated increase in cattle population in Jambi Province. Differences occur in the income and output of livestock for the PSDS and Sikomandan programs, while population growth accelerates between PSDS and GBIB. Factors influencing the program to increase the cattle population in Jambi Province are the birth factor of cattle, the death factor of livestock, and the number of AI doses used. The factor that has the most significant influence on increasing the cattle population is the birth factor of cattle.

Compost is an organic fertilizer made from plant residues and animal waste that has undergone a decomposition process. Compost must be managed using good techniques to become a product with sales value and can be used to fertilize agricultural plants. This research aims to analyze the application of management techniques compost in Jambi Province and the factors that influence it. This research uses a survey method. The sampling technique was carried out in 3 (three) stages, namely, the first stage, selecting districts using the simple random sampling method. The second stage selects sub-districts, and the third stage selects villages with farmers or farmers who manage compost using simple random sampling. The application of management techniques compost is measured based on the percentage of application, which is further classified into three categories: low, medium, and high. The Structural Equation Modeling analysis model with Partial Least Square is used to analyze factors that influence the application of management techniques compost in Jambi Province. The research results showed that the average application of compost management techniques was 73%, which is in the medium category. Farmer characteristics and environmental support in the livestock sector directly influence applying compost management techniques in Jambi Province. In contrast, innovation characteristics do not significantly mediate the indirect influence of breeder characteristics and environmental support in the livestock sector on the application of compost management techniques.

The development of cayenne pepper varieties can be optimized by multiple crossings, transgressive segregant selection based on the selection index, and identification of potential anthocyanins. The study objectives were (1) to develop a transgressive segregation index, and (2) to select transgressive segregation cayenne peppers with high productivity and anthocyanins from F3 multiple cross-generation. The study conducted two experiments at the experimental field, Hasanuddin University, from November 2022 to November 2023. The first experiment implemented an augmented design with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) as an environmental design. The genotypes as treatment consisted of two types: 110 lines of cayenne pepper were not repeated, and the 4 older chili varieties as controls were repeated in each block. All genotypes were categorized and divided into five blocks. The second experiment was the validation of the first trial. There were 13 genotypes tested with RCBD design one factor and repeated three times. Based on the study, developing a semi-objective-based selection index with canopy width, fruit weight, and yield was an innovative and effective approach to selecting F3 transgressive segregants of cayenne pepper. High-yielding transgressive lines were identified as G3-2-7-3, G2.6.9–10, G5-12–1-8, and G4.5.2–12. The G3-2-7-3 line was suggested due to its high yield potential and anthocyanin content. However, the anthocyanin content must be examined more deeply, such as using an omics approach. Nevertheless, these lines are still recommended to be continued in yield testing or crossing to produce hybrid lines that have high yield potential and anthocyanin content.

Elderly is a natural process that all people who are blessed with a long life will definitely go through. Someone is said to be elderly if they are more than 60 years old and begin after retirement because their age experiences biological, physical, psychological, and social changes. Preliminary data regarding the number of older adults at the Pertiwi Community Health Center, Mariso District, Makassar City, in March 2023, 37 older adults were attending the elderly posyandu. This research aims to determine the relationship between diet and family support on the nutritional status of older people. The method in this research is a descriptive-analytical design with a cross-sectional study approach and sampling using a non-probability sampling technique with an accidental sampling approach and the Fisher exact test statistical test. The sample size in this study was 28 respondents. The results of this study showed a significant relationship between diet and the nutritional status of older people with a p-value = 0.001, and there was no meaningful relationship between the relationship between family support and the healthy group of older people with a p-value = 0.064. The conclusion is that the relationship between diet is more dominant on nutritional status than family support. Hence, the diet of older people needs to be considered to improve the nutritional quality of older people

This study aims to investigate the effect of using augmented video feedback (AVF)-verbal encouragement feedback (VEF) on the motivation and technical performance of novice cricket athletes. A true experimental method with a random control trial (RCT) design for 11 weeks was adopted in this study. 60 beginner male cricket athletes from the State University of Jakarta (Indonesia) were involved asparticipants in this research. They were divided into two groups, experimental (AVF-VEF, n = 30, 19.2 ± 1.06 years) and control (CG, n = 30,18.9 ± 1.17 years) one. Sport motivation scale-II (SMS-II) and batting, bowling, and fielding were chosen as instruments. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA conducted on motivation and technical performance tests showed a significant effect of Time (all, p

Banyumas is one of the famous tourist destinations in Central Java with its natural attractions. Tourism growth in Banyumas requires capable and sustainable transportation infrastructure. However, current policies and investments in Banyumas are inappropriate for developing transportation and tourism infrastructure that creates non-significant impact. Therefore, the development of tourism projection should consider environmental, social, economics, and technology interrelated in developing transportation and tourism infrastructure issues. The tourism supply chain has a unique structure that is different from typical supply chains with high complexity because many stakeholders are involved. This research aims to project Banyumas tourism development with the impact of transportation system improvement. This conceptual model was developed from literature reviews and other necessary sources, and then validated by experts. The conceptual model examines the relationship between variables involved in the tourism supply chain and transportation system in Banyumas that can be developed into a quantitative model using Causal Loop Diagram, an initial stage of system dynamics. This model used to analyze the behavior of visitor projection of the Banyumas tourism supply chain system in Indonesia.

The method used in this research is a quantitative descriptive method using secondary data in the form of weekly data on prices of volatile food products from livestock in the form of beef, chicken meat, and chicken eggs for the period 2018 to 2021 sourced from the National Strategic Food Price Information Center. This research uses the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model analysis, ARCH (Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticy) model and GARCH (Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticy) model analysis. The model for forecasting the price of volatile food products from livestock in the form of chicken meat, beef, and chicken eggs in traditional markets in Jambi Province, namely GARCH (1,1), has excellent performance. It is suggested that the GARCH (1,1) model can be used to forecast the prices of volatile food products from livestock in the form of chicken meat, beef, and chicken eggs in traditional markets in Jambi Province.

Pikiran Rakyat Media Networks (PRMN) engaged in the digital media business, develops its business by creating a media ecosystem through multiple portals. The PRMN sub-domain news portal is managed and filled with content by content creators as PRMN partners. The phenomenon of content creators on news portals creates opportunities for strategies in tourism recovery. This research was conducted with the aim of looking at strategies for utilizing content creators as a form of journalism to advocate for tourism recovery in Indonesia. This study aims to get an overview of tourism journalism patterns carried out by content creators which can be a strategy for recovery and increasing the attractiveness of tourist destinations. This study uses a constructivist approach by finding qualitative data to be analyzed and categorized so that it becomes a pattern of tourism communication through journalism in digital media. The results of the study show that the strategy to restore the tourism sector after the Covid-19 pandemic requires the role of mass media and social media. The collaboration business strategy carried out by PRMN with the google algorithm supports the creation of positive tourism content in marketing tourist destinations according to tourist targets.

Kelurahan Setiamulya merupakan salah satu kelurahan yang memiliki perjanjian Kerjasama (PKS) dengan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Siliwangi. Melalui PKS tersebut Fakultas Teknik Universitas Siliwangi berkomitmen untuk membangun dan mengatasi permasalahan yang ada dimasyarakat melalui keilmuan yang dikembangkan di kampus. Bank Sampah merupakan salah satu solusi masyarakat di Kelurahan Setiamulya untuk mengatasi permasalahan sampah yang terjadi di lingkungan. Dalam pelaksaannya selama ini bank sampah Kelurahan Setiamulya telah menjalankan proses pemisahan dan penampungan sampah yang dapat didaur ulang untuk selanjutnya didistribusikan pada pihak yang akan mendaur ulang sampah tersebut. Namun karena keterbatasannya sampah organik yang berada di bank sampah tersebut belum dapat dimanfaatkan. sehingga masih sering terjadi penumpukan. Dengan adanya pengabdian pada masyarakat program kemitraan masyarakat ini kelompok masyarakat bank sampah Kelurahan Setiamulya akan diberikan pengetahuan dan fasilitas untuk pengolahan sampah organik melalui budidaya maggot. Sehingga sampah organik yang berada pada bank sampah dapat meningkat nilai ekonominya.

Is it feasible for Indonesia to sustain economic growth while simultaneously reducing methane emissions? This paper aims to unravel the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for methane by integrating the role of renewable energy by employing annual data for the period 1990-2020. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)-bounds testing is applied to estimate the dynamic and cointegration relationships. Also, this paper performs both traditional and breakpoint unit root tests. The EKC hypothesis is confirmed since there is an inverse U-curve nexus between GDP and methane per capita. The income turning point is 14,516 USD per capita. Indonesia’s income level is still below its estimated EKC threshold, implying that economic growth forces methane emissions to scale up. A 1% increase in GDP per capita leads to a 4.59% increase in methane per capita. However, renewable energy has a beneficial role in tackling methane emissions. A 1% increase in the share of renewable energy use leads to a 0.36% decrease in methane per capita. It is therefore recommended that to mitigate the damaging impact of economic growth, governments should enhance the share of energy use from renewable sources.

Melindungi keselamatan jiwa raga, harta benda, masyarakat dan lingkungan dari gangguan ketertiban merupakan tugas dan kewajiban Kepolisian sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 14 Undang-undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia. Termasuk menanggulangi terjadinya tindak pidana yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat. Salah satunya tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak terhadap orang atau barang secara bersama-sama, yang marak terjadi akibat aksi tawuran di wilayah hukum Polsek Pauh Kota Padang. Peristiwa pidana tersebut membutuhkan penanganan serius, sebab tindak pidana tersebut berujung merugikan masyarakat sekitar lokasi terjadinya aksi kekerasan yang dilakukan secara bersama-sama. Tidak hanya mengakibatkan luka pada korban juga perbuatan tersebut sangat meresahkan masyarakat, sehingga diperlukan strategi penanggulangannya.

Lack of information related to maternal health care during pregnancy and post-pregnancy, especially in rural areas, results in many cases of pregnancy complications. Risk analysis for pregnant women is really needed as a reference in handling pregnant women so that the risk to pregnant women can be minimized. To analyze the risk of pregnant women can use data mining techniques by classifying the risk of pregnant women. This study proposes to classify Maternal Health Risk using the Naive Bayes method with three models, namely Gaussian, Multinomial, and Bournolli. The data used is the health data of pregnant women based on risk intensity which is grouped into three classes, namely low, mid and high risk. while the attributes are Age, Systolic Blood Pressure as SystolicBP, Diastolic BP as DiastolicBP, Blood Sugar as BS, Body Temperature as BodyTemp, and HeartRate. The results show that among the three Naïve Bayes models that have the best performance are the Multinomial and Bournolli with an accuracy of 84.8% while the Gaussian produces an accuracy of 82.6%.

Ideal assessment in teaching and learning should involve the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains following the Merdeka Belajar curriculum, which emphasizes Pancasila values. However, whether teachers can develop affective domain assessments optimally is still questionable. A literature study has been conducted by researchers and found that in Indonesia, teachers tend to develop cognitive domain assessments more than affective and psychomotor domain assessments. Therefore, this research uses a phenomenological approach to investigate the implementation of affective domain assessment conducted by school teachers. The participants of this study consisted of 18 middle school teachers in Indonesia. Data were collected through open-ended questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGDs). Data analysis was conducted using the model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which consists of three stages: 1) data reduction, 2) data display, and 3) conclusion drawing. The study found that teachers understand affective assessment well and emphasize the importance of instilling affective values in education to reduce moral problems. They also emphasize the need for changing teaching strategies and providing relevant materials to help students understand their lessons. However, the planning for affective assessment is time-consuming and the implementation in middle schools is not ideal. Subject teachers often handle this assessment, which should be the responsibility of all teachers, rather than just Religion, Guidance and Counseling, and Civic Education.

In this paper, the author will discuss the thoughts of Fatima Mernissi in criticizing the hadis on women’s leadership. From the results of her investigation, Mernissi criticized Abu Bakrah in relation to the narration of the hadis as follows: 1) Abu Bakrah is difficult to trace his lineage because he was originally a slave who was freed when he joined the Muslims. 2) Abu Bakrah was sentenced to qazaf, because he could not prove the charge of zina against al-Mughirah ibn Syu’bah at the time of the Caliph Umar bin al-Khattab. 3) Looking at the historical context, why did Abu Bakrah remember this hadis (which, if correctly uttered by the Prophet, means that he has passed a period of approximately 25 years) after knowing Aisha had lost the war, while the initial stance he took was neutral. Based on this rule, Mernissi concluded that Abu Bakrah was a narrator who was rejected, and his hadis was not acceptable. Based on the foregoing reasons, Mernissi concluded that even though the hadis was contained in Sahih al-Bukhari, it was still debated by the jurists. According to her, this hadis is used as an argument to displace women in the decision-making process.

This research aims to analyze the behavior of members of the Women's Farmers Group (KWT) in agricultural extension activities in the era of digitalization in Banjarabru City. The research was carried out in Banjarbaru City with a total of 60 respondents, members of the Women's Farmers Group (KWT). The results obtained from this research show (1) the intensity of internet usage behavior by members of women farmer groups (KWT) in participating in agricultural extension activities during the planting season (business period) is around 4-5 times (54%), 2-3 times (42 %), less than 1 time (4%) and more than 6 times (29%). (2), behavioral intensity of use of special agricultural extension applications for Planting Calendar (KATAM) (100%), Cyber Extension (47%), i-Tani (22%) and MyAgry (11%).

The research employs secondary data consisting of time series data on beef prices from the consumer regions (Jakarta, Banten, and West Java Provinces) and the producer regions (East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara, Bali, East Java, and Lampung Provinces) obtained from the Center for Information of Strategic Food Prices period January 2018–July 2022. The analytical model utilizes the estimated VAR (vector autoregression)/VECM (vector error correction model). The mean beef price in Indonesia’s producer regions exceeds the normal level (above the reference price), except for East Nusa Tenggara Province, as well as in the consumer regions, which are significantly above the normal level. Beef prices in the producer and consumer regions have a mutual influence in the current and previous periods. The presence of cointegration implies that in the long term, the beef market in the producer regions (East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara, Bali, East Java, and Lampung) is integrated with the consumer regions (Jakarta, Banten, and West Java Provinces) in Indonesia. The most substantial impact of the shock of beef prices in the region of the largest producer is Lampung Province. This research concludes that there is a cointegration of beef prices; in the long term, the beef market in producer regions is integrated with the consumers in Indonesia. Similarly, the beef market will be integrated into producer regions with the consumers in the short term. The VECM is a beef price forecasting model in the producer and consumer regions, which can be considered to have excellent performance.

The large use of power converters in distribution lines causes poor power quality such as high produces harmonics in an electric power system that arises due to the operation of non-linear electrical equipment. The presence of harmonics in the power system distribution results in a very large loss in the system. In this paper had been done a simulation of power quality improvement through harmonic reduction using parallel active power filter. Active power filters work with control techniques based on the concept of instantaneous power to determine the amount of compensation currents that must be generated by the power compensator power circuit. The compensating current references generated by the control circuit are used by the hysteresis type controller to provide harmonic compensation arising. From the result of simulation using Simulink MATLAB, the harmonic value (THD) decrease caused by the 3 phase rectifier load on a distribution network which is used as case example. The harmonic value before compensated on the network is 27.85% at each phase, while after computing the harmonic value of the network decreases to 1,43% in R phase, 1,49% in S phase, and 1,34% in T phase.

India and Indonesia propose a bilateral cooperation to develop and operate telemetry, tracking, and control (TCC) ground stations to support satellite missions on geostationary orbits with the use of Geostationary Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) since 1997, in order to master and commercialize space technology. This cooperation needs to be assessed in order to identify how it will affect Indonesia and India and to establish an improvement strategy for improved business and ways to integrate. !e objectives of this paper are to (i) evaluate the benefits and cost of this cooperation, (ii) map the business model of the telemetry, tracking and command ground station in Biak, and (iii) design a new strategy to get competitiveness. Descriptive analysis with canvas mapping and transaction cost perspective is the approach utilized. The article’s results highlight that (i) Indonesia and India have mutual benefits from tangible and intangible side, (ii) Indonesia has a competitive advantage due to its geographic location and commercialization of Biak Ground Station, so its potential to Telemetry, Tracking, and Command (TT&C) commercial businesses in the future, not only to domestic, but also international market, and (iii) Indonesia needs collaborate with commercial entities and making optimum diplomation with G2B schema to get beneficially among parties to maximize TT&C infrastructure in Biak Island.

The digitization of user services has increased, in line with the need for VPS and cloud computing services, which are rampant among application and platform developers. Quite a few companies that create applications or application users have servers to handle user needs. Testing is carried out using the ICMP Protocol to get real-time results and can be measured. From Scenario 1, carrying out 20 test requests, we get a packet loss of 5% with RTT Avarage of 195,838ms and Mdev 4,103ms. If you apply DNS failover in scenario 2, the client will likely access the web a little slower, as evidenced by the packet loss being 25% greater in value. Compared to scenario 1, having a high standard deviation (Mdev) of round-trip times is not desirable. This variation is also known as jitter. Increased jitter can cause a bad user experience, especially in real-time audio and video streaming applications. However, this is still understandable because it only has a 1-5 second effect on the service. Next, in scenario 3, we can see that private and public servers have relatively high gab with 0% packet loss, which has a small Mdev value of 0.309ms. Therefore, the DNS failover method is a solution for network administrators who have problems related to server migration between public servers and private servers so that services can run even if a server is maintaining or downlinking.

AbstractFinancial stability is one of the main factors for a country’s economic sustainability nowadays. Financial instability has adverse effects on the economy which can lead to the financial crisis. This research tries to answer how monetary policy related to Indonesian financial stability in the short and long term, how specific the relations between its parts such as money supply, interest rate, and exchange rate to indonesian financial stability, and which one of these parts that have ways more effective to influence Indonesian financial stability. This research data use time series quarterly as quantitative data in Indonesia. By employing econometric models of error correction on quarter data that consist of the stationary stochastic process, long-run model and cointegration approach and error correction model, this model can indicate how quickly the effect of the money supply, interest rate or exchange rate is fully accepted by the financial stability in the short term. The finding of this study showed that the increase in interest rate began to be able to improve indonesian financial stability responsively in four times the period, namely an increase of one percent in interest rate could increase 0.4161 percent of financial stability in Indonesia.

Freshwater fish aquaculture has long been a part of the community business in Kupang City. The problems of freshwater fish aquaculture are becoming increasingly complex. At least five aspects are involved: ecological, economic, social and cultural, institutional, and infrastructure and technology. A brief assessment of freshwater fish aquaculture was conducted to see the interrelationship of the 5 aspects consisting of 45 factors. This study aims to assess the index and sustainability status of freshwater fish aquaculture based on the five aspects of sustainability. Research method stages: 1) preparation of locations and respondents, 2) data collection using survey methods with interview techniques used to obtain related data, 3) data analysis using multi-aspect Sustainability Analysis which will describe the level of sustainability of freshwater fish aquaculture based on aspects and attributes developed, 4) The results of the analysis of the sustainability of freshwater fish aquaculture which is in a fairly sustainable condition (tends not to continue) need to be done business management strategies through two scenarios (realistic and ideal) of sensitive factors of freshwater fish aquaculture. The results obtained showed that the sustainability status of freshwater fish aquaculture in Kupang City is sustainable with an index of 67.22%. In order to increase the sustainability status to be very sustainable, scenario 1 was selected, namely the realistic scenario with improvements in 10 sensitive factors to increase the sustainability index to 76.51%.

Multi-sensori berpengaruh dalam mengenali sebuah tempat lebih baik. Proses mengenali tersebut perlu didukung oleh konsepsi tempat yang tidak dibatasi oleh aspek fisik saja. Pemahaman ini berlawanan dengan paradigma yang umum terjadi dalam pemahaman dan model pelestarian kawasan cagar budaya yang masih terbatas pada peningkatan kualitas fisik berdasarkan indra visual. Artikel ini mendiskusikan peran dan potensi multi-sensori dalam memahami konsepsi tempat yang bermanfaat pada pelestarian kawasan cagar budaya perkotaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pengumpulan data dari studi kepustakaan dan pengamatan lapangan kawasan cagar budaya sekitar Gedung Sate kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi multi-sensori berperan serta berpotensi untuk mempermudah proses pembacaan dan merasakan tempat oleh individu. Diskusi ini membuka wacana baru untuk mengintegrasikan aspek non fisik berbasis persepsi subjek dalam diskusi kawasan cagar budaya perkotaan.

This research aims to develop volleyball bottom passing exercises. Based on observations made in elementary schools in Jambi, there is still a low ability of basic volleyball passing techniques, so it is necessary to develop the form of exercise. This development uses the R&D model with the Borg and Gall model. While the data analysis technique uses effectiveness tests and gain scores. The results of the development of volleyball bottom passing training equipment meet the criteria that are quite valid for expert experts and are in the Very Meet or Decent category. The conclusion of this study is that the development of a volleyball bottom passing exercise model is very feasible to be used as a training model for basic bottom passing techniques in volleyball games

Sukmawati Tansil Tan,1 Putri Bennya Aisyah,2 Yohanes Firmansyah,2 Nathasia Nathasia,2 Erwin Budi,2 Siufui Hendrawan3,4 1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta, Indonesia; 2Faculty of Medicine, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta, Indonesia; 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta, Indonesia; 4Tarumanagara Human Cell Technology Laboratory, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Siufui Hendrawan, Email siufui@gmail.comBackground: Chronic wounds carry financial burdens and increase morbidity and mortality, especially in diabetic ulcers and Hansen’s Morbus. More than 50% of chronic ulcers are difficult to heal with regular treatment and require new types of therapy such as the use of secretome of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (SM-hUCMSC).Methods: This experimental study was carried out to see the effectiveness of using SM-hUCMSC in diabetic ulcers and Hansen’s Morbus in four medical facilities (multicentre). The level of active secretion has been measured by default in 10% SM-hUCMSC gel, used as a treatment intervention. The primary outcome is wound healing in terms of the length, width, and extent of the wound. The secondary is the side effects of treatment 2 weeks after administration. Follow-up visits will be scheduled at 1 and 2 weeks post-treatment.Results: Forty-one chronic ulcers successfully followed the study until the end. In patients with chronic ulcers, the mean ulcer length, width, and area were 1.60 (0,50– 13,0), 1.3 (0,5– 6,0), and 2.21 (0,25– 78) cm square, respectively, before interventions and 1 (0– 12), 0,8 (0– 6,0), and 1 (0– 72) square cm after interventions at the second follow-up. The change between the beginning and end of the intervention was significant (p-value < 0.05).Conclusion: The use of 10% SM-hUCMSC gel topically has been proven effective in accelerating the process of wound healing, especially chronic ulcers with side effects that are not present in this study.Keywords: chronic wound healing, secretome of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs gel, diabetic chronic ulcers, leprosy

This article aims to correct the misconceptions of jihad that some people have misunderstood as being the actual only meaning. In the Indonesian context, Jihad is often understood as a call to arms. Ironically, Jihad has become a scapegoat for terrorism cases in various parts of the world. Ideally, the Qur'an sets the word ‘Jihad’ differently from the word ‘vital’ so that the meaning of Jihad can be interpreted multi-dimensionally. The urgency of this article is to reconstruct the ideal meaning of Jihad according to the desired level of the Qur'an. This article uses qualitative research with data collection techniques of literature observation and interviews with interpreters. The data collected was analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results showed that the context of jihad contained in the Qur'an does not only discuss war but has additional important connotations. There is the concept of Jihad of wealth (al-Amwaal) and Jihad of body or soul (al-Nafs). This concept is often overlooked because the level of jihad in society, especially in the West, is always related to war. The actualization of Jihad in its true essence in the modern era is urgently in need of application, especially in Indonesia. Jihad of wealth and jihad of body and soul is a profound concept that aims to improve the social order and create a harmonious balance through the values contained in the Qur'an.

The development of false information or hoaxes is caused by the flood of information, especially in the non-press media. The speed at which information is spread on social media, which is difficult to confirm, causes hoaxes to grow rapidly. The role of journalism is supposed to be an antidote to hoax information. Media in areas that have more geographical proximity can be an instrument in counteracting hoaxes. Radar Tasikmalaya which is one of the major local media in West Java. This study aims to describe the role of regional local media in counteracting hoaxes originating in their geographical area. This study uses a qualitative approach with the case study method by describing how journalism in the regions is an instrument to ward off hoaxes. Data collection was carried out using in-depth interviews, observation and documentation studies. In-depth interviews were conducted with the editors of Radar Tasikmalaya which were complemented by observations on the way journalists report and convey information. While the documentation study as a complement to data by collecting data on published news to clarify hoaxes circulating in the community. The results show that Radar Tasikmalaya assigns journalists the task of being fact-transmitting agents. Even if journalists find wrong information in the field, it is necessary to immediately confirm and clarify through their reporting. This aims not only to increase public trust in the mass media, but also to form journalists’ social responsibility to the community. Keywords: Journalism, local media, Radar, Tasikmalaya, anti-hoax ABTRAK Perkembangan informasi bohong atau hoaks disebabkan oleh membanjirnya informasi terutama di media non pers. Kecepatan penyebaran informasi di media sosial yang sulit dikonfirmasi menyebabkan hoaks berkembang pesat. Peran jurnalistik seharusnya menjadi penangkal informasi hoaks. Media di daerah yang memiliki kedekatan geografis lebih bisa menjadi instrumen dalam menangkal hoaks. Radar Tasikmalaya yang merupakan salah satu media lokal besar di Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran media lokal daerah dalam menangkal hoaks yang berasal dari wilayah geografisnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus dengan memaparkan bagaimana jurnalisme di daerah menjadi instrumen untuk menangkal hoaks. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan dengan redaktur Radar Tasikmalaya yang dilengkapi dengan observasi terhadap cara jurnalis melaporkan dan menyampaikan informasi. Sedangkan studi dokumentasi sebagai pelengkap data dengan melakukan pendataan terhadap berita yang dipublikasikan untuk mengklarifikasi hoaks yang beredar di masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Radar Tasikmalaya menugaskan wartawan untuk menjadi agen penyampai fakta. Kalaupun wartawan menemukan informasi yang salah di lapangan, perlu segera dilakukan konfirmasi dan klarifikasi melalui pemberitaannya. Hal ini bertujuan tidak hanya untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan publik terhadap media massa, tetapi juga untuk membentuk tanggung jawab sosial jurnalis kepada masyarakat. Kata Kunci: Jurnalistik, media lokal, Radar, Tasikmalaya, anti hoax

The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated unprecedented uncertainty within the stock market, eliciting adverse reactions within the capital market. This environment compelled companies to engage in corporate actions. This research aimed to develop a model assessing the impact of corporate actions during the COVID-19 pandemic on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study employed an event study methodology to analyze corporate actions from March 1 to March 30, 2021, identifying four key actions: Stock Splits, Pre-emptive Rights (Rights Issues), Partial Delisting, and Warrants. These corporate actions influenced various metrics, including the frequency of stock returns, actual returns, stock returns, and trading volume activity. The outcomes of these actions varied, presenting differences before and after their execution. The study's findings categorize the impact of corporate actions during the pandemic into two distinct groups: insignificant and significantly negative. This research contributes to understanding the ramifications of corporate decisions during periods of heightened market volatility, specifically within the context of the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Endometriosis merupakan kondisi kronik dimana terjadi implantasi jaringan fungsional endometrium di luar kavum uterus.Diagnosis endometriosis cukup sulit dan sering tidak terdeteksi dalam waktu lama sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu penegakkan diagnosis lebih cepat karena dapat memperkirakan lokasi lesi lebih awal. Penelitian ini berjenis observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel berjumlah 102 pasien. Lokasi perlengketan terbanyak berada di uterus sebanyak 54 pasien (52,9%) dan gejala klinis yang paling banyak adalah dismenore yaitu sebanyak 71 pasien (69,6%). Hubungan gejala dismenore dengan lokasi perlengketan di uterus didapatkan nilai p sebesar 0,732 dan hubungan gejala dispareunia dengan lokasi perlengketan di cul de sac didapatkan nilai p sebesar 0,525. Sedangkan penelitian tentang hubungan antara gejala klinis diskezia dengan lokasi di rektum menghasilkan nilai p value 0,031 dan nilai PR 10,90 (95% CI 1,19 – 99,78). Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara gejala klinis dismenore dengan letak perlengketan di uterus dan hubungan antara gejala klinis dispareunia dengan letak perlengketan di cul de sac. Namun, terdapat hubungan antara gejala klinis diskezia dan lokasi perlengketan di rektum.

This study aims to analyze the market structure and examine the main factors that influence the performance of the pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia, these factors are the Market Power Hypothesis (MPH) and the Efficiency Structure Hypothesis (ESH), where the debate between the two perspectives is still going on until now. The Market Power Hypothesis argues that market performance is the result of market power, while the Efficient Structure Hypothesis argues that market performance is a result of the ability to perform efficiency. The variable used to proxy MPH is market concentration, while the ESH is proxied using the variable of technical efficiency and scale. Next, the performance variable used is ROA. The type of data used is secondary data from the annual report of 8 pharmaceutical producers listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2010 to 2019. The analytical method used is DEA and panel data regression. The results showed that market concentration negatively affected ROA, while technical efficiency and scale had a positive effect on ROA. These results indicate that the performance (ROA) of the pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia is influenced by the level of efficiency rather than market power, so the results of this study support the Efficiency Structure Hypothesis (ESH) that efficiency is the key to success in the market. These results also support the Chicago School SCP framework that performance determines conduct and then market structure.

The Hatam tribe is one of the sub-tribes of the Arfak tribe. This study aims to explore the numeracy culture of the Hatam Tribe spoken by the Hatam Tribe community who inhabit Nuhuwei Village, Ransiki District. This research is ethnographic. The techniques used for data collection are interviews, exploration, literature study, desk study, and documentation. Interviews and explorations were conducted with several elders who spoke the Hatam language in Nuhuwei Village. Literature and documentation studies were conducted by looking for other sources of information related to the previously existing Hatam language to obtain accurate results. The Desk Study was conducted to find out the mathematical patterns of the Hatam Tribe. The results obtained from this study are that mathematically, the counting patterns spoken by the Hatam people who inhabit Nuhuwei Village have different dialects from the speech of the Hatam people who inhabit other areas. Besides that, another finding is that the pattern of mentioning numbers spoken by the Hatam tribe inhabiting Nuhuwei Village correlates with the counting pattern on the Jarimatika. We call this latest finding related to counting using the Hatam language-based Jarimatika as Himatam (Calculating Using Jarimatika in the Hatam language). This finding shows that learning numeracy for elementary students in Nuhuwei Village can be done more easily using the Himatam Method.

This research aims to implement and evaluate design concepts and develop a PjBL-based students worksheet adapted to teaching materials to improve the 4C’s skill of Senior High School students in English subjects. Development research was used in this research. The PjBL-based students' worksheet was developed by matching the criteria for the components of the students' worksheet model: model syntax, social systems, management reaction principles, support systems, instructional impacts, and accompaniments, as well as other necessary instruments. The instruments developed were students' worksheet model validation sheets and learning tools validated by experts and practitioners. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical analysis. The results of this research indicated that the Project-based Learning (PjBL)-based students' worksheet model met the level of validity, practicality, and effectiveness to improve the 4C's skills of Senior High School students which contained: (a) syntax, (b) social system built on the principle of collaboration, (c) the principle of management reaction in which teachers act as facilitators, motivators, moderators, and consultants, (d) support systems in the form of Learning Implementation Plans, Teacher Books, Student Books, and Participant Worksheets Educate, (e) instructional impact in the form of students' 4C's skills and accompaniment impact in the form of critical thinking, creative thinking, responsibility, openness, and understanding of concepts.

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan potensi internal dan eksternal pola pemeliharaan ekstensif dan semi intensif ternak sapi di Kebun Sawit Kecamatan Sungai Bahar Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Metode penelitian adalah metode survey, selanjutnya data dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menunjukkan bahwa pada potensi internal dari masing-masing pemeliharaan hanya faktor ketersediaan kandang, sistem perkawinan dan jenis pakan yang berbeda dengan nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 (P ttabel). Sementara itu, pada potensi eksternal faktor yang berbeda antara pola pemeliharaan ekstensif dengan semi intensif adalah faktor pembelian ternak, ketersediaan lahan hijauan dan kehilangan ternak dengan nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 (P ttabel). Kesimpulan potensi internal dan eksternal pola pemeliharaan ekstensif dan semi intensif ternak sapi di Kebun Sawit Kecamatan Sungai Bahar Kabupaten Muaro Jambi menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda. Kata kunci : potensi internal dan eksternal, pemeliharaan ekstensif dan semi intensif

Kemampuan koneksi matematis menjadi salah satu kemampuan yang sangat penting dan merupakan salah satu standar proses pembelajaran matematika yang dirumuskan oleh NCTM . Apabila peserta didik dapat mengaitkan konsep-konsep yang ada dalam matematika maka pemahaman terhadap matematikanya akan bertahan lama dan semakin mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan koneksi matematis peserta didik kelas VIII terhadap materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Prosedur penelitian dalam penelitian dimulai dari tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan, analisis data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Analisis data terbagi menjadi tiga tahapan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Subjek penelitian diambil dari hasil pekerjaan peserta didik yang dikelompokkan menjadi 3 kategori tingkat kemampuan yakni tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa peserta didik berkemampuan tinggi dapat memenuhi semua indikator kemampuan koneksi matematis, peserta didik berkemampuan sedang kurang mampu pada indikator 1 dan 2 namun mampu pada indikator 3 kemampuan koneksi matematis, dan peserta didik berkemampuan rendah belum mampu memenuhi semua indikator kemampuan koneksi matematis. Mathematical connection ability is a very important ability and is one of the standard mathematics learning processes formulated by NCTMs. If students can link the concepts in mathematics, their understanding of mathematics will last longer and deepen. This study aims to describe the ability of mathematical connections class VIII students to the material system of linear equations of two variables. This study used a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The research procedure in the study starts from the preparation, implementation, data analysis and conclusion stages. Data analysis is divided into three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research subjects were taken from the results of the students' work which were grouped into 3 categories of ability levels namely high, medium and low. The results of this study indicate that students with high abilities can fulfill all indicators of mathematical connection ability, students with moderate abilities are less able on indicators 1 and 2 but are able on indicator 3 of mathematical connection ability, and students with low ability have not been able to fulfill all indicators of mathematical connection ability .

Doxorubicin is an effective chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of solid hematological and non-hematological carcinoma. However, its long-term usage could result in side effects, such as cardiomyopathy, chronic heart failure, neurotoxicity and cancer cell resistance. In this study, we reported the sensitivity enhancement of A549 human lung cancer cells on doxorubicin at a low dose (0.1 ppm) in combination with 10–60 ppm of crude and alkaloid extracts derived from the leaves of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil. Rubiaceae). A549 cancer cell lines were insensitive to the crude extract containing low mitragynine (MG) (4–5%), while these cells were moderately inhibited by the alkaloid extract containing 40–45% MG (IC50 of 48–55 ppm). The alkaloid extract was found to inhibit A549 cancer cells via apoptosis as suggested by the higher relative fluorescence intensity with Annexin compared to that in propidium iodide (PI), i.e., a positive Annexin and a negative PI. The combination of crude extract and doxorubicin sensitized A549 cancer cells to doxorubicin by 1.3 to 2.4 times, while the combination with the alkaloid induced a 2.6- to 3.4-fold increase in sensitivity. The calculated combination index (CI) for doxorubicin with the crude and alkaloid extracts was 0.6 and 0.3, respectively, showing potential synergistic combinations to reduce the level of dosage of doxorubicin used in chemotherapy. In addition, the synergistic enhancement effect of crude extract on the cytotoxic activity of doxorubicin provides insights into the plausibility of non-alkaloids to influence the biological activities of Kratom.