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This research paper presents a study on (Fe) doped CdO nanoparticles focusing on their structural (XRD), thermal (TGA and DTA), optical (UV–vis), magnetic (VSM and ESR), and electrical characteristics. The synthesis of Cd1-xFexO with (x = 0.0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) nanoparticles was carried out using the co– precipitation technique. Fe dopants showed a great impact on the structural parameters and the thermal stabilities of obtained nanomaterials. SEM and TEM imaging techniques are employed to investigate the morphology, size, and distribution of the Cd1-xFexO nanoparticles. UV spectroscopy was employed to better understand the electronic transitions and optical characteristics. Furthermore, magnetization measurements from ESR and VSM showed a weak ferromagnetic order with a high Fe concentration. For instance, the Ac electrical conductivity measurements were used to determine the electrical properties, dielectric losses, and charge transport mechanisms between the Fe-dopants and CdO. The structural, thermal, optical, magnetic, and electrical characteristics data are complemented to better understand for Cd1-xFexO materials for employing them in magnetic storage and sensors, photocatalysis, other future applications.

First‐principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) are performed for investigating the electronic and magnetic properties of a heterostructure formed by Co‐decorated trimesic acid (TMA) self‐assembling network (SAN) adsorbed on graphene. The concentration and spatial position of Co adatom on graphene is regulated by the architecture of SAN. The obtained optimized geometry shows that Co adatom ends up at the top of a C atom on graphene in the heterostructure. The spin‐polarized calculations upon Co‐SAN/G, illustrate that Co adsorption on top site, which is favored by the self‐assembling network, causes an alternating change in the local density of states (LDOS) of graphene that consequently gives rise to sublattice symmetry‐breaking effects reflected in the different gap opening at K K′$K^\prime$ valleys. It is demonstrated that a single Co atom adsorbed on top of a C atom on graphene generates similar physical properties as Co‐SAN/G and, in fact, the SAN acts as a template for patterning Co on graphene without interfering with the magnetic properties originated from the adsorbate. Furthermore, Co atoms in the Co‐SAN/G structure, which are localized on just one sublattice type and separated by 10 Å in a triangular lattice, constitute ferromagnetically aligned spin centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The alterations in the electronic and magnetic properties of AgNbO 3 induced by Cr and Mn doping at two concentrations (6% and 14%) are investigated within the framework of density functional theory (DFT), both with and without the Hubbard correction (U) as well as H S E method. Half-metallic ferromagnetic behavior with 100% polarization is observed for all dopants. Double exchange coupling is the mechanism responsible for the ferromagnetic interaction in these materials. Our results also indicates that the correction with U-term and H S E method provide consistent values that closely align with experimental measurements, and significantly improve the standard DFT description. Finally, the value of the Curie temperature, which reaches 425.49 (K), exceeds the ambient temperature, revealing the potential use of this doped material for new spintronic devices. • Effects of TM-doping A g N b O 3 is investigated for novel spintronic devices. • Using different DFT approximations : G G A , G G A + U and H S E , the characteristics of A g N b 1 − x T M x O 3 are deeply explored and discussed. • Electronic and magnetic properties of non-magnetic semiconductor are improved to ferromagnetic half-metallic alloys. • Curie temperature, surpasses ambient temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interfacial magnetism in functional oxide heterostructures not only exhibits intriguing physical phenomena but also implies great potential for device applications. In these systems, interfacial structural and electronic reconstructions are essential for improving the stability and tunability of the magnetic properties. In this work, we constructed ultra-thin La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO) and SrRuO3 (SRO) layers into superlattices, which exhibited a robust ferromagnetic phase. The high Curie temperature (TC) reaches 291 K, more than 30 K higher than that of bulk LCMO. We found that the LCMO/SRO superlattices consisted of atomically-sharp and asymmetric heterointerfaces. Such a unique interface structure can trigger a sizable charge transfer as well as a ferroelectric-like polar distortion. These two interfacial effects cooperatively stabilized the high-TC ferromagnetic phase. Our results could pave a promising approach towards effective control of interfacial magnetism and new designs of oxide-based spintronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu-doped Co3O4 (1, 3, 5 and 7 wt%) nanoparticles were synthesized through the decomposition of cobalt (II) acetylacetonate, cobalt (III) acetylacetonate and copper (II) acetylacetonate in the least toxic polar solvent through solvothermal method. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of cubic spinel structure with reduced crystallite size of 20 nm and slight lattice expansion upon Cu doping. The spectral analysis carried out by FTIR and Raman studies expressed the existence of functional group and active vibrational modes. UV–Vis analysis revealed the increase in bandgap value with increasing dopant concentration. Slightly dissociated nanosheets and cubic structure were observed in HR-SEM and HR-TEM analyses with an average particle size of 25 nm. SAED pattern indicated the polycrystalline nature of the synthesized nanoparticles. The weak ferromagnetic nature with low coercivity and remanent ratio is deliberated from magnetic measurement. The Cu dopant was found to enhance the electrochemical performance of Co3O4 nanoparticles with high specific capacitance, since it possesses larger surface area due to reduced particle size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current study, Ti-Ni-Cu alloy powders were prepared by mechanical alloying using high-energy planetary ball mill under argon atmosphere. The effects of milling time on the evolution of structure, microstructure, and magnetic properties were analysed. Morphological observations indicated a narrow particle size distribution and homogeneous shape. According to the Rietveld analysis, during early milling stage (1–6 h), the milled powder consists of Ti-based solid solution [HCP-Ti(Ni,Cu)], Ni-based solid solution [FCC-Ni(Ti,Cu)], Cu-based solid solution [FCC-Cu(Ti,Ni)], and amorphous phase (28.52 wt%). For prolonged milling time, the NiTiCu (β19) was achieved from the pre-formed phases. Moreover, microstructural parameters varied considerably with milling time; the crystallite size was found to decrease to the nanoscale range, Ti (41), Ni (21 nm), Cu (16 nm), and β19 (29 nm), while the microstrain <σ2>1/2 increased due to the deformations and defects induced during the milling process. Magnetic measurements indicated that all powders exhibited a ferromagnetic behaviour irrespective of milling time whereas the corresponding magnetic parameters were found very sensitive to the milling time. This was associated with particle size refinement in addition to the phase composition and the amount of the amorphous phase; the higher the percentage of the amorphous phase was, the lower the values of Ms and Mr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A series of La 3 Cr 1- x V x As 5 (x = 0–0.8) samples were synthesized under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. • As the V-doped content increases, the ferromagnetism of La 3 Cr 1- x V x As 5 for x ≤ 0.3 is gradually suppressed. • La 3 Cr 1- x V x As 5 for x = 0.4 involves into a new ground magnetic state like spin glass. In this work, we successfully synthesized a series of hexagonal La 3 Cr 1- x V x As 5 (x = 0–0.8) polycrystalline samples under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. A systematic study was carried out via the measurements of X-ray powder diffraction, temperature- and field-dependent magnetic susceptibility and magnetization. The X-ray diffraction data show that the lattice constant. a -parameter gradually increases, while c -parameter decreases with increasing V-doping level. In this series, the ferromagnetic behavior has been observed for x ≤ 0.3, and the Curie temperature T C decreases from 50 K for the parent compound to 20 K for x = 0.3, which indicates that the ferromagnetism is suppressed as the V-doped increases. For x = 0.4, the system begins to enter into a new magnetic state like spin glass at low temperature, and no magnetic order can be observed down to 2 K for x ≥ 0.8. In addition, the Weiss temperature T ϴ gradually decreases and changes to be negative for x = 0.6, which suggests that ferromagnetic interaction at first is weakened by the V substitution, and then transforms into anti-magnetic predominant interaction. The above results indicate that there is no quantum criticality occurred in the La 3 Cr 1- x V x As 5 system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of Ni substitution on the magnetic properties and the critical behavior of La0.7Sr0.3Mn1−xNixO3 compounds, which were prepared by the solid-state reaction method has been investigated. Based on our investigations of the temperature and the magnetic field dependences of magnetization M(T, H) data, it is shown that the Curie temperature (TC) of La0.7Sr0.3Mn1−xNixO3 compounds will be shifted toward room temperature with increasing Ni concentration (x), TC = 359-307 K for x = 0.0-0.1. By using the modified Arrott plots and the Kouvel-Fisher methods together with M(H,T) data in the vicinity of the ferromagnetic (FM)-paramagnetic phase transition, the critical exponents (β, γ, and δ) have been determined. Our results show the existence of a short-range FM order in the undoped sample (x = 0). The values of β, γ, and δ will be shifted gradually toward those of the mean-field theory when x increases, suggesting that the long-range FM order is favored in Ni-doped samples. The results calculated on the effective exponents of βeff(ε) and γeff(ε) in the asymptotic region indicate the existence of a magnetic disorder in all the samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the ferromagnetic type-I clathrate Eu 8 Ga 16 Ge 30 , the divalent Eu ions are known to rattle among off-center positions in the tetrakaidecahedral cage. We have studied effects of Si substitution on the ferromagnetic state and the rattling motion of the Eu ions in Eu 8 Ga 16 Ge 30 by measuring the magnetization M , electrical resistivity ρ , thermopower, specific heat C , and Eu partial phonon density of states (Eu pDOS) of Eu 8 Ga 16 − x Ge 30 + x − y − z Si y □ z (□ = vacancy, 0 ≤ y ≤ 7.3). Upon increasing y from 0 to 7.3, the lattice parameter decreases by 0.7%, which has no effect on the divalent state of Eu. The Curie temperature T C decreases from 36.2 K to 32.6 K, whereas the specific heat jump at T C , Δ C , increases twofold. For y = 0, both ρ (T) and d M (T) /d T exhibit anomalies below T C at T ∗ ∼ 24 K, which are suppressed by applying magnetic field of 1 T. The anomalies at T ∗ disappear by Si substitution at a low level, y = 3.7. The measured Eu pDOS indicates that the low-lying phonon energy of the Eu ions decreases with Si substitution. This softening means that the off-center rattling is changed to on-center one with large amplitude in an anharmonic potential. Based on these findings, we discuss relationship between the off-center Eu rattling and their collective magnetic behavior. • Synthesis of single-crystalline samples of Eu 8 Ga 16-x Ge 30+x-y-z Si y □ z for y ≤ 7.3. • Upon increasing y from 0 to 7.3, the lattice parameter decreases by 0.7%. • The ferromagnetic order of Eu 8 Ga 16 Ge 30 at T C is suppressed by Si substitution. • Another anomaly observed for T < T C in Eu 8 Ga 16 Ge 30 disappears by Si substitution. • The low-lying phonon energy of the Eu ions decreases with Si substitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, thermal decomposition of the [Co(NH3)5(H2O)](NO3)3 precursor complex was investigated under solid state conditions. Thermal analysis (TG/DTA) showed that the complexwas easily decomposedinto the Co3O4 nanoparticles at low temperature (175 °C) without using any expensive and toxic solvent or a complicated equipment. The obtained product was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Optical and magnetic properties of the products were studied by UV-visible spectroscopy and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. FT-IR, XRD and EDX analyses confirmed the formation of highly pure spinel-type Co3O4 phase with cubic structure. SEM and TEM images showed that the Co3O4 nanoparticles have a sphere-like morphology with an average size of 17.5 nm. The optical absorption spectrum of the Co3O4 nanoparticles showed two band gaps of 2.20 and 3.45 eV, which in turn confirmed the semiconducting properties. The magnetic measurement showed a weak ferromagnetic order at room temperature. Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) demonstrated that the as-prepared Co3O4 nanoparticles have good photocatalytic activity under visible-light irradiation

The structural and magnetic properties of Pr 1- x La x MnO 3 (0 ≤  x  ≤ 1) polycrystalline powders are investigated. A structural phase transition from a large Jahn-Teller (J-T) distorted orthorhombic structure to a small J-T distorted orthorhombic phase is found at x  = 0.70, while the LaMnO 3 is showed to have a rhombohedral structure. All the samples exhibit ferromagnetic ordering, and meanwhile, a reentrant spin glass behavior at low temperature. The relationship between J-T distortions and the ferromagnetic order is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mullite Bi 2 Fe 4 O 9 (BFO) and its composites with spinel CoFe 2 O 4 (CFO) and NiFe 2 O 4 (NFO) have been synthesized by solid-state reaction, exhibiting visible-light response and enhanced ferromagnetic order simultaneously at room-temperature. Independent phases have been detected in composite samples by XRD, Raman spectroscopy and further confirmed by SEM images. Calculated through XRD patterns, it can be found that not only the lattice parameters and crystallite size, but also the growth preference orientation of BFO could be effected by spinel magnetic content. Optical spectroscopy shows three absorption edges existed which indicates multiple electron transitions for BFO and its composites. Interband electron transition occurs at 1.56, 0.92 and 0.47 eV for BFO, BFO-NFO and BFO-CFO respectively. Furthermore, M-H hysteresis loops suggest enhanced ferromagnetism in composite samples due to magnetic spinel CFO and NFO phase. Different curve shape and remnant magnetization imply the different intrinsic magnetic nature of CFO and NFO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single domain magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) interacting through dipolar interactions (DDI) in addition to the magnetocrystalline energy may present a low temperature ferromagnetic (SFM) or spin glass (SSG) phase according to the underlying structure and the degree of order of the assembly. We study, from Monte Carlo simulations in the framework of the effective one-spin or macrospin models, the case of a monodisperse assembly of single domain MNP fixed on the sites of a perfect lattice with fcc symmetry and randomly distributed easy axes. We limit ourselves to the case of a low anisotropy, namely the onset of the disappearance of the dipolar long-range ferromagnetic (FM) phase obtained in the absence of anisotropy due to the disorder introduced by the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the mer-Co(NH3)3(NO2)3 complex was used as a new precursor for synthesizing spinel-type cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4NPs).Thermal decomposition of the complex at low temperature (175 °C) resulted in the Co3O4NPs without using expensive and toxic solvents or complicated equipment. XRD, FT-IR, SEM, EDX, and TEM were employed to characterize the product, and its optical and magnetic properties were studied by UV-visible spectroscopy and a VSM, respectively. FT-IR, XRD and EDS analyses confirmed the formation of single-phase Co3O4 with cubic structure. The lattice constant calculated from XRD peaks is 8.0650 Å. SEM and TEM images showed that Co3O4NPs have a sphere-like morphology with an average size of 19 nm. Optical spectrum of Co3O4NPs revealed the presence of two band gaps at 2.20 and 3.45 eV values, which in turn confirmed the semiconducting properties. The magnetic measurement of Co3O4NPs showed a weak ferromagnetic order at room temperature.

We report a systematic study of the thickness dependency of room temperature ferromagnetism in pristine MgO (~100–500 nm) and ZnO (~100–1000 nm) thin films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering technique under the respective identical controlled optimum oxygen ambience. As far as we know this is the first such report on ferromagnetic pure MgO thin films, a result which should be of significance in understanding the functional aspects of magnetic tunnelling characteristics in devices using MgO dielectrics. From the magnetic characterization we observe a distinct variation in the saturation magnetization (MS) with increasing film thickness. In the case of MgO thin films MS values vary in the range 0.04–1.58 emu/g (i.e. 0.0012–0.046 μB/unit cell) with increasing film thickness showing the highest MS value for the 170 nm thick film. Above this thickness MS is found to decrease and eventually above 420 nm the films show a paramagnetic behaviour followed by the well known diamagnetic property for the bulk (>500 nm). It is obvious that since initially the MS values increase with thickness, there has to be a maximum before the films become diamagnetic at some finite thickness. We also note that the MS values observed for MgO are the highest (more than twice the value observed for ZnO) to be reported for such a defect induced ferromagnetism in a pristine oxide. The origin of ferromagnetic order in both the oxides appears to arise from the respective cat-ion vacancies. The discovery of film thickness dependent ferromagnetic order should be very useful in developing multifunctional devices based on the technologically important materials MgO and ZnO.

In this paper, an energetic coordination compound namely pentamminenitratocobalt(III) nitrate, [Co(NH 3)5(NO3)](NO3)2, was used as a new precursor for the preparation of Co3O4 nanoparticles.  e results showed that the complex is easily decomposed into the Co3O4 nanoparticles at low temperature (200 °C) without employing a surfactant or solvent and any complicated equipment.  e product was characterized by diff erential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diff raction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Optical and magnetic properties of the product were studied by UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. FT-IR, XRD and EDS analyses con rmed the formation of highly pure spinel-type Co3O4 phase with cubic structure. TEM images showed that the Co3O4 nanoparticles are approximately in the range of 10 to 24 nm with a mean size of around 17 nm.  e optical spectrum of the Co3O4 nanoparticles revealed the presence of two band gaps at 3.45 and 2.20 eV which are blue-shi ed relative to reported values for the bulk sample.  e magnetic measurement of the product showed a weak ferromagnetic order at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, thermal decomposition of the [Co(NH3)5(H2O)] (NO3)3 precursor complex was investigated under solid state conditions. Thermal analysis (TG/DTA) showed that the complex was easily decomposed into the Co3O4 nanoparticles at low temperature (175 °C) without using any expensive and toxic solvent or a complicated equipment. The obtained product was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Optical and magnetic properties of the products were studied by UV-visible spectroscopy and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. FT-IR, XRD and EDX analyses confirmed the formation of highly pure spinel-type Co3O4 phase with cubic structure. SEM and TEM images showed that the Co3O4 nanoparticles have a sphere-like morphology with an average size of 17.5 nm. The optical absorption spectrum of the Co3O4 nanoparticles showed two band gaps of 2.20 and 3.45 eV, which in turn confirmed the semiconducting properties. The magnetic measurement showed a weak ferromagnetic order at room temperature. Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) demonstrated that the as-prepared Co3O4 nanoparticles have good photocatalytic activity under visible-light irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrical resistivity ρ , magnetization M and specific heat C are reported for polycrystalline samples of the hexagonal system PrRh 3 . The magnetic susceptibility M / B obeys the Curie-Weiss law with the effective magnetic moment μ eff = 3.88 μ B /Pr and the paramagnetic Curie temperature θ p = +2.9 K, which indicates ferro-type magnetic interaction between the trivalent Pr ions. A cusp in C ( T ) at 3.0 K coincides with a bend in ρ ( T ). Applying magnetic fields, the peak broadens and shifts to higher temperatures. The field dependence indicates a ferro-type magnetic order. The magnetic entropy S m is (1/3) R ln2 at T C = 3.0 K, suggesting that part of the Pr ions take part in the magnetic order. A broad tail of the magnetic specific heat C m observed above T C may result from short-range correlations and/or fluctuations of the active magnetic dipole and quadrupoles in the ground state doublet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We here report the magnetization, M , and specific heat, C , of Nd 3 NiGe 2 , which crystallizes in the orthorhombic Gd 3 NiSi 2 -type structure. Nd ions occupy three nonequivalent sites in a unit cell. Upon cooling, magnetization divided by magnetic field, M / B , increased sharply at the Curie temperature, T C , of 87 K and below 40 K. The former result indicates that the increase in M / B observed at T C is due to the long-range ferromagnetic order. The increase below 40 K is derived from a short-range correlation because of the absence of clear anomaly in C ( T ) . At 10 K and 2 K, the values of M undergo metamagnetic transitions. The value of magnetic specific heat divided by temperature shows a shoulder-like anomaly at around 20 K, which is attributed to antiferromagnetic behavior. Furthermore, two peaks in C ( T ) were observed at 4.5 K and 3.8 K, and these peaks occurred at lower temperatures in the presence of a magnetic field. This behavior is typical of materials with antiferromagnetic order. These observations are attributed to the competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions, which is a result of the three nonequivalent Nd sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single domain magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) interacting through dipolar interactions (DDI) in addition to the magnetocrystalline energy may present a low temperature ferromagnetic (SFM) or spin glass (SSG) phase according to the underlying structure and the degree of order of the assembly. We study, from Monte Carlo simulations in the framework of the effective one-spin or macrospin models, the case of a monodisperse assembly of single domain MNP fixed on the sites of a perfect lattice with fcc symmetry and randomly distributed easy axes. We limit ourselves to the case of a low anisotropy, namely the onset of the disappearance of the dipolar long-range ferromagnetic (FM) phase obtained in the absence of anisotropy due to the disorder introduced by the latter.

In order to extend our knowledge on effects of substitution of gallium by transition metal in solid solutions of gallides with the tetragonal BaAl 4 -type crystal structure we studied physical properties of polycrystalline samples of CePd x Ga 4− x ( x = 0.2−0.8). X-ray diffraction confirmed that the unit-cell volume of the system changes in a non-monotonic way with a maximum around x ∗ = 0.6. We performed magnetization, specific heat, electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power measurements in wide temperature and magnetic field ranges. Magnetic moments of Ce 3+ ions are very close to the value corresponding to the localized 4 f -state in the whole x -range covered, yet their variation with x coincides with that of lattice parameters, with a minimum close to x ∗ . The alloys order ferromagnetically at low temperatures, which causes distinct anomalies of the measured properties. The ordering temperature decreases with increasing the Pd content from 3.7 K for x = 0.2 down to 1.3 K for x = 0.8. The results suggest that no quantum critical transition can be approached within the solid solution existence range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We discuss several classes of conventional magnetic superconductors including the ternary rhodium borides and molybdenum chalcogenides (or Chevrel phases), and the quaternary nickel-borocarbides. These materials exhibit some exotic phenomena related to the interplay between superconductivity and long-range magnetic order including: the coexistence of superconductivity and antiferromagnetic order; reentrant and double reentrant superconductivity, magnetic field induced superconductivity, and the formation of a sinusoidally-modulated magnetic state that coexists with superconductivity. We introduce the article with a discussion of the binary and pseudobinary superconducting materials containing magnetic impurities which at best exhibit short-range “glassy” magnetic order. Early experiments on these materials led to the idea of a magnetic exchange interaction between the localized spins of magnetic impurity ions and the spins of the conduction electrons which plays an important role in understanding conventional magnetic superconductors. These advances provide a natural foundation for investigating unconventional superconductivity in heavy-fermion compounds, cuprates, and other classes of materials in which superconductivity coexists with, or is in proximity to, a magnetically-ordered phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With electron filling n  = 1 in theSr2VO4compound, the octahedrally coordinatedt2gorbitals are strongly active when the tetragonal distortion induced crystal field is tuned by external agent such as pressure. Considering the full range of crystal field induced tetragonal splitting in a realistic three-orbital model, collective spin-orbital excitations are investigated using the generalized self-consistent plus fluctuation approach. At ambient pressure, an entangled orbital + antiferromagnetic order is found to be stabilized beyond a critical value (∼30 meV) of spin-orbit coupling which is in the realistic range for 3d ions. The behavior of the calculated energy scales of collective excitations with crystal field is consistent with that of the transition temperatures with pressure as obtained from susceptibility and resistivity anomalies in high-pressure studies., (© 2022 IOP Publishing Ltd.)