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Objective. To estimate the percentage of acute diarrheal disease (ADD) in children under five years of age in the last two weeks, according to data from the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2022 (Ensanut Continua 2022). Materials and methods. Data for children under five years included in the Ensanut Continua 2022 regarding ADD in the last two weeks were analyzed. These data were compared with those of previous Ensanut. Results. The percentage of ADD in Mexico was 9.4% (95%CI: 7.9,11.2), similar to that of 2000; with differences by age group. During the ADD episode, 38.7% (95%CI: 27.7,51.0) of caregivers offer less amount of food. Conclusions. The high percentage of ADD in children under five years in Mexico in 2022 shows the need to strengthen prevention and health promotion strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To estimate the percentage of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in Mexican children under five years of age in the last two weeks, according to the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2022 (Ensanut Continua 2022). Materials and methods. We analyzed data from the Ensanut Continua 2022. Results. The percentage of ARI was 27.6% (95%CI: 25.2,30.1). The prevalence was higher in households with lower economic capacity (first tertile) (44.1% [95%CI: 38.0,50.4]). The most identified ARI alarm sign was "looking sicker" 33.0% (95%CI: 30.1,36.0), and the least was "pus coming out of the ear" (1.5% [95%CI: 0.9,2.7]). Conclusions. ARI affect about a third of children under five years of age in Mexico, particularly from households with lower economic capacities. It is necessary to strengthen prevention strategies including vaccination, control, and health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public health training cannot be practiced in isolation, but rather within the framework of substantive conceptual visions, the organizational structure and teaching culture in a broad sense. The School of Public Health of Mexico (ESPM), in the mist of its 100th anniversary, is implementing an educational restructure with the guidance of conceptual and ethical principles. The restructure of the academic programs will follow a constructivist pedagogical model, based on renewed institutional practices that integrates research, teaching and community outreach, making for truly transformative learning. The new design of the whole structure of its academic programs has the objetive of making them flexible, less technical-based but more practical, and a within an unified curricular system that articulates and allows continuity between master's degrees and doctorates programs. In the new structure, the curriculum will have a common core for all the academic programs, emerging from the study of the essential bases of public health, human rights, including gender and social perspectives, principles of global health, ethics of public health practice, environmental and animal health inferences and community outreach in the form of social retribution. The Institute's research groups will be the functional units for investigation and teaching, thus students will be integrated into these at an early stage, under the guidance of a tutor. In this context, the requirements for a comprehensive, unifying and at the same time flexible curriculum will support training of Public Health with a holistic approach. The current programs were analyzed including the review of their courses, regarding the pertinence of their contents and proposed competencies. We present herein a description of these observations, and propose a new common core (conceptual-operative) with compulsory courses as the base for all programs. The participation of all academic bodies in reviewing the proposed new common core, as well as the syllabus and courses, identified those that are essential in each program's study concentration area, is indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To analyze the level of welfare in Mexican households of children under five who presented acute diarrheal disease (ADD) in the last two weeks in Mexico, according to the National Health Survey (Ensanut) Continua 2022. Materials and methods. The survey was conducted between July and December 2022. Dependent variable: to present ADD. Independent variable: level of welfare house. Bivariate and logistic regression crude and adjusted analyses were performed. Results. It is estimated that 9.4% of children under five years of age presented ADD; of these, 76.4% (95%CI: 69.0,82.5) belonged to households with low-medium levels of well-being. Having ADD was more frequent in 1-year-old children (aOR 3.00; 95%CI: 1.76,5.11), compared to those younger than 1 year; and belonging to households where water is not treated (aOR 2.13; 95%CI: 1.11,4.08). Conclusions. It is a priority to strengthen sanitary measures to prevent ADD in one-year-old children, as well as implement actions to ensure the availability of drinking water or its adequate treatment for drinking. It is necessary to plan, execute and evaluate integral and multisectoral public policy actions that help to guarantee the human right to health in childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]