1. The development and characterization of Propranolol Tablets using Tapioca starch as excipient.
- Author
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Fernandes JBM, Celestino MT, Tavares MIB, Freitas ZMF, Santos EPD, Ricci Júnior E, and Monteiro MSSB
- Subjects
- Drug Design, Hardness Tests, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Materials Testing, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Particle Size, Reference Values, Reproducibility of Results, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Time Factors, X-Ray Diffraction, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists chemistry, Excipients chemistry, Manihot chemistry, Propranolol chemistry, Starch chemistry, Tablets chemistry
- Abstract
Tapioca starch (TS) is produced from Cassaca roots and it is differentiated from other starches because it contains about 17-20% amylase and low amount of residual substances. Propranolol (POP) is a non-selective beta-adrenergic blocking agent and it is in the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of TS in the development of POP tablets by means of direct compression. Its evaluation was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) relaxometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), uniformity of weight, drug content, disintegration, friability, hardness, dissolution test and drug release kinetics. The TS granules were spherical with mean diameter of 10.09 ± 1.85 µm. The XRD, FTIR and NMR suggested physical interaction between TS and POP. The tablets presented average diameter of 1.1 ± 0.0 cm, 0.24 ± 0.02 cm thickness and average weight of 0.544 ± 0.003 g. The hardness of tablets was 10.98 ± 0.31 N and the percentage of friability was 25.74 ± 0.08%. POP was released after 45 min and the release kinetics properly fitted the Hixson-Crowell equation.
- Published
- 2019
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