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O emprego de explosivos caseiros em ações terroristas tem ganhado destaque em diversos países, ocasionando mortes, feridos, destruição e pânico. Esses materiais são de fácil fabricação e podem ser sintetizados a partir de produtos químicos de uso cotidiano. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica dos principais explosivos caseiros mundialmente incidentes, descrevendo suas características, síntese e substâncias precursoras. Os resultados evidenciam a necessidade de atualização da legislação brasileira de controle de produtos químicos, seguindo uma tendência mundial de restringir o acesso aos precursores de explosivos.

Background Post-traumatic acute kidney injury has occurred in every major military conflict since its initial description during World War II. To ensure the proper treatment of combat casualties, early detection is critical. This study therefore aimed to investigate combat-related post-traumatic acute kidney injury in recent military conflicts, used machine learning algorithms to identify clinical and biomarker variables associated with the development of post-traumatic acute kidney injury, and evaluated the effects of post-traumatic acute kidney injury on wound healing and nosocomial infection. Methods We conducted a retrospective clinical cohort review of 73 critically injured US military service members who sustained major combat-related extremity wounds and had collected injury characteristics, assayed serum and tissue biopsy samples for the expression of protein and messenger ribonucleic acid biomarkers. Bivariate analyses and random forest recursive feature elimination classification algorithms were used to identify associated injury characteristics and biomarker variables. Results The incidence of post-traumatic acute kidney injury was 20.5%. Of that, 86% recovered baseline renal function and only 2 (15%) of the acute kidney injury group required renal replacement therapy. Random forest recursive feature elimination algorithms were able to estimate post-traumatic acute kidney injury with the area under the curve of 0.93, sensitivity of 0.91, and specificity of 0.91. Post-traumatic acute kidney injury was associated with injury severity score, serum epidermal growth factor, and tissue activin A type receptor 1, matrix metallopeptidase 10, and X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 expression. Patients with post-traumatic acute kidney injury exhibited poor wound healing and increased incidence of nosocomial infections. Conclusion The occurrence of acute kidney injury in combat casualties may be estimated using injury characteristics and serum and tissue biomarkers. External validations of these models are necessary to generalize for all trauma patients.

O eucalipto é uma espécie das mais cultivadas no âmbito nacional, cuja madeira é amplamente utilizada na fabricação de móveis e outros produtos derivados. Entretanto, ela está sujeita a variações por conta de mudanças na umidade e outros fatores. Para minimizar tais variações, estudou-se alguns tratamentos de forma pouco agressiva ao meio ambiente. Assim, este trabalho analisou as propriedades físicas e químicas da madeira de clones híbridos de Eucalyptus urograndis, in natura e termicamente modificada nas temperaturas de 140, 160, 180, 200 e 220 °C, com 8,5 anos de idade, plantados em Buri-SP, Brasil. A caracterização física foi realizada segundo Brito, Garcia e Bortoletto (2006) e normas da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (1997), e a caracterização química segundo as normas Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (1999). Através de análises estatísticas de regressão fatorial com significância de 5%, o fator clone não causou interferência nas propriedades analisadas; a variação que ocorreu, foi por conta da temperatura utilizada; a hemicelulose foi a principal propriedade química afetada por conta da temperatura; os tratamentos mais interessantes foram os realizados até 180 °C, uma vez que não comprometeram muito as propriedades químicas da madeira e, consequentemente, não afetariam tanto suas propriedades físicas e mecânicas.

Tools to assist clinicians in predicting pneumonia could lead to a significant decline in morbidity. Therefore, we sought to develop a model in combat trauma patients for identifying those at highest risk of pneumonia. This was a retrospective study of 73 primarily blast-injured casualties with combat extremity wounds. Binary classification models for pneumonia prediction were developed with measurements of injury severity from the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), transfusion blood products received before arrival at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (WRNMMC), and serum protein levels. Predictive models were generated with leave-one-out-cross-validation using the variable selection method of backward elimination (BE) and the machine learning algorithms of random forests (RF) and logistic regression (LR). BE was attempted with two predictor sets: (1) all variables and (2) serum proteins alone. Incidence of pneumonia was 12% (n = 9). Different variable sets were produced by BE when considering all variables and just serum proteins alone. BE selected the variables ISS, AIS chest, and cryoprecipitate within the first 24 h following injury for the first predictor set 1 and FGF-basic, IL-2R, and IL-6 for predictor set 2. Using both variable sets, a RF was generated with AUCs of 0.95 and 0.87—both higher than LR algorithms. Advanced modeling allowed for the identification of clinical and biomarker data predictive of pneumonia in a cohort of predominantly blast-injured combat trauma patients. The generalizability of the models developed here will require an external validation dataset.

Como parte da pesquisa “Cartografia das políticas públicas municipais de esporte e lazer no Rio Grande do Norte” o objetivo deste manuscrito é de consolidar uma visão do processo legislativo pelo qual o esporte e o lazer passaram ao longo dos últimos anos no Brasil e refletir sobre sua repercussão, direta ou indireta, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte e seus municípios adstritos, além de compreender a forma como os temas do esporte e do lazer se apresentam nos instrumentos legais declarados pelos gestores de esporte e lazer do estado. A pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, se ocupa em analisar dados coletados por meio de questionário semiestruturado aplicado com 56 gestores municipais de esporte e lazer do Rio Grande do Norte, em um universo de 167. Os dados indicam uma estruturação tímida do quadro legislativo do esporte e do lazer no estado do Rio Grande do Norte e seus municípios adstritos ao passo que nos espelham a fragilidade de nosso momento de construção e consolidação de políticas (de estado e de governo) no campo do esporte e do lazer.

Objectives To evaluate early activation of latent viruses in polytrauma patients and consider prognostic value of viral micro-RNAs in these patients. Design This was a subset analysis from a prospectively collected multicenter trauma database. Blood samples were obtained upon admission to the trauma bay (T0), and trauma metrics and recovery data were collected. Setting Two civilian Level 1 Trauma Centers and one Military Treatment Facility. Patients Adult polytrauma patients with Injury Severity Scores greater than or equal to 16 and available T0 plasma samples were included in this study. Patients with ICU admission greater than 14 days, mechanical ventilation greater than 7 days, or mortality within 28 days were considered to have a complicated recovery. Interventions None. Measurements and main results Polytrauma patients (n = 180) were identified, and complicated recovery was noted in 33%. Plasma samples from T0 underwent reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus micro-RNAs (miR-K12_10b and miRK-12-12) and Epstein-Barr virus-associated micro-RNA (miR-BHRF-1), as well as Luminex multiplex array analysis for established mediators of inflammation. Ninety-eight percent of polytrauma patients were found to have detectable Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and Epstein-Barr virus micro-RNAs at T0, whereas healthy controls demonstrated 0% and 100% detection rate for Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and Epstein-Barr virus, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed associations between viral micro-RNAs and polytrauma patients' age, race, and postinjury complications. Multivariate least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis of clinical variables and systemic biomarkers at T0 revealed that interleukin-10 was the strongest predictor of all viral micro-RNAs. Multivariate least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis of systemic biomarkers as predictors of complicated recovery at T0 demonstrated that miR-BHRF-1, miR-K12-12, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and hepatocyte growth factor were independent predictors of complicated recovery with a model complicated recovery prediction area under the curve of 0.81. Conclusions Viral micro-RNAs were detected within hours of injury and correlated with poor outcomes in polytrauma patients. Our findings suggest that transcription of viral micro-RNAs occurs early in the response to trauma and may be associated with the biological processes involved in polytrauma-induced complicated recovery.

Objective: Analyze how research based on the Institutional Theory has been developed in accounting research. Method: For the search, the Knowledge Development Process-Constructivist was used, considering articles published between 1993 and 2018. Seven databases were used and a bibliographic portfolio was selected with 148 articles on the theme. Results: The study found: (i) 27 theoretical and 121 empirical studies; (ii) most studies adopt a qualitative design; (iii) the most used techniques were semistructured interviews and documentary analysis; (iv) the majority used the New Institutional Sociology; (v) the authors who stood out were Burns and Scapens (2000) (OIE), Williamson (2000) (NIE) and DiMaggio and Powell (1983) (NIS); (vi) the Agency Theory and the Structuration Theory were the most frequent besides the Institutional Theory; and (vii) the suggestions for future studies indicate other data collection and analysis techniques, changes in the context analyzed, exploration of heterogeneous environments, use of longitudinal designs and quantitative methods. Contributions: The study contributes by analyzing how the Institutional theory is being applied in studies from different Accounting research areas, identifying the main studies in each theoretical current, the methods use, suggestions for research and possible routes, thus serving as the theoretical base for future empirical research in this area.

Contextualization: The end-of-life process is an inherent subject of professional practice in the health area. However, many educational institutions have curricular inadequacies in this area; allowing graduates to inadequately act in this situation. In view of this, the present work reports the experience of an educational project which aimed the training of health students in matters involved with the ‘end-of-life’. Description of the experience: The activities were carried out at a university in the city of Belem, Para (PA), Brazil; with a total duration of 4 days. In all, 30 students from the health area participated in lectures, classes, discussions and practical workshops with the following subjects: “Near-Death Experience”; “Terminal Patient Approach”; “Acting of the Medical Specialties in Relation to Terminal Patients”; “Euthanasia, Orthotanasia and Dysthanasia”; “Suicidal Ideation in Terminal Patients”; “Communication of Bad News”; and “Organ Donation”; which were given by psychologists, doctors, among others. Results and Impacts: The event was considered satisfactory, since it clarified matters little addressed in the curriculum. Most of the participants approved this initiative, mainly due to the fact that they had learned actively. Final considerations: The end-of‑life process is a topic that must be increasingly approached within educational institutions, as it allows the formation of more qualified and humanized professionals in their care. In this way, such educational project could contribute in a beneficial way to this proposal.

Precision medicine offers potential for improved outcomes by tailoring interventions based on patient-specific demographics and disease-specific data. Precision methods are relatively unexplored in trauma patients. New research is being looked at for precision methods to treat patients with large extremity wounds, nonunions, and fractures associated with polytrauma. Precision-based clinical decision tools are being validated to optimize timing for open wound definitive closure. Early patient-specific biomarkers to stratify nonunion risk within 1 week of fracture are being explored. Patient-specific data to stage timing of major fracture interventions in multiply injured patients are being interrogated.

In the original article, the units indicated on the y-axes of Fig. 3 are incorrectly labelled. The correct label is pg/mL. Following is the corrected Fig. 3.

A reforma fiscal verde seria uma reforma viável no Brasil? Diante desta questão, este artigo discute os elementos em que se funda a tributação ambiental, mencionando, em seguida, as experiências em curso em outros países, e as eventuais críticas a tal modelo de reforma. A partir destes parâmetros, a reforma fiscal verde é analisada dentro do contexto brasileiro, considerando, essencialmente, a considerável regressividade do sistema tributário atualmente existente. Conclui-se pela importância das discussões acerca da reforma fiscal verde no Brasil, com o cuidado para a tributação não comprometer o mínimo de bens materiais que toda pessoa tem de ter garantido.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi examinar os fatores de resistência à implementação de um modelo de avaliação de desempenho em um órgão público. Para cumprir esse objetivo, foram utilizados como base teórica o modelo de investigação do processo de institucionalização elaborado por Tolbert e Zucker (1999) e os pressupostos de fatores de resistência à mudança nos sistemas de controle gerencias destacados no estudo de Angonese e Lavarda (2014). O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma Coordenadoria responsável pelo sistema de controle interno de um órgão público do sul do Brasil. O método de coleta de dados foi a realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os servidores do setor e análise dos documentos de elaboração do modelo. A partir da coleta de dados observou-se a relação dos argumentos capturados nas entrevistas e documentos com as proposições da pesquisa. Os achados do estudo indicam que no contexto estudado a insegurança ontológica, inércia, falta de conhecimento, aceitação de rotinas e decouping são fatores de resistência para a implementação do modelo de avaliação de desempenho. Em contrapartida o poder institucional e a confiança não puderam ser caracterizados como fatores limitadores a implantação do modelo. O estudo trouxe contribuições para a avaliação de desempenho no setor público, ampliando a literatura dos fatores que explicam o uso dos modelos. O estudo também contribui para a Teoria Institucional na discussão da institucionalização dos instrumentos de controle, explorando o entendimento dos fatores de resistência que fazem parte do contexto social das organizações.

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by a bacillus called Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Koch's Bacillus (BK). It is associated with various long-term lung complications, including: lung scarring (fibrosis), bronchiectasis, Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis, and more rarely, atelectasis. There is however very limited data in literature on the full spectrum of these complications, and relies mostly on case reports and small case series. Case: The authors report a case of atelectasis in a patient with previous diagnosis of Tuberculosis. Normal laboratory tests and imaging test presenting right lung atelectasis. Went under respiratory therapy, presented improve and is under clinical control. Conclusion: There is a huge importance of knowing the various methods to diagnose this disease and treat it well. Thus, it enables an improvement in the patient and a reduction in the spread of bacteria.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18623/rvd.145i33.1243 Submitted by Iury Batista (iurys@stj.jus.br) on 2019-02-05T17:22:29Z No. of bitstreams: 2 inviabilidade_reforma_fiscal_borges.pdf: 3232293 bytes, checksum: 219a8b6a1438dc6b7fc160059e089f9f (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by betanial@stj.jus.br (betanial@stj.jus.br) on 2019-02-11T17:35:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 inviabilidade_reforma_fiscal_borges.pdf: 3232293 bytes, checksum: 219a8b6a1438dc6b7fc160059e089f9f (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-11T17:35:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 inviabilidade_reforma_fiscal_borges.pdf: 3232293 bytes, checksum: 219a8b6a1438dc6b7fc160059e089f9f (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018

BACKGROUND The complexity and severity of traumatic wounds in military and civilian trauma demands improved wound assessment, before, during, and after treatment. Here, we explore the potential of 3 charge-coupled device (3CCD) imaging values to distinguish between traumatic wounds that heal following closure and those that fail. Previous studies demonstrate that normalized 3CCD imaging values exhibit a high correlation with oxygen saturation and allow for comparison of values between diverse clinical settings, including utilizing different equipment and lighting. METHODS We screened 119 patients at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center and at Grady Memorial Hospital with at least one traumatic extremity wound of ≥ 75 cm2. We collected images of each wound during each debridement surgery for a total of 66 patients. An in-house written computer application selected a region of interest in the images, separated the pixel color values, calculated relative values, and normalized them. We followed patients until the enrolled wounds were surgically closed, quantifying the number of wounds that dehisced (defined as wound failure or infection requiring return to the operating room after closure) or healed. RESULTS Wound failure occurred in 20% (19 of 96) of traumatic wounds. Normalized intensity values for patients with wounds that healed successfully were, on average, significantly different from values for patients with wounds that failed (p ≤ 0.05). Simple thresholding models and partial least squares discriminant analysis models performed poorly. However, a hierarchical cluster analysis model created with 17 variables including 3CCD data, wound surface area, and time from injury predicts wound failure with 76.9% sensitivity, 76.5% specificity, 76.6% accuracy, and a diagnostic odds ratio of 10.8 (95% confidence interval: 2.6-45.9). CONCLUSIONS Imaging using 3CCD technology may provide a non-invasive and cost-effective method of aiding surgeons in deciding if wounds are ready for closure and could potentially decrease the number of required debridements and hospital days. The process may be automated to provide real-time feedback in the operating room and clinic. The low cost and small size of the cameras makes this technology attractive for austere and shipboard environments where space and weight are at a premium.

Background: The congenital malformation of the posterolateral portion of the diaphragm is called the Bochdalek hernia, and was first described in 1948 by anatomy professor Bochdalek. The diagnosis in adults is extremely rare, being in the majority, an occasional finding in a chest x-ray. Case: The authors report a Bochdalek Hernia case in an adult pacient, with complaints of dyspnea and epigastralgia refractory to pharmacological treatment. The diagnosis was confirmed after a chest CT scan. Conclusion: Bochdalek hernias are extremely rare in adults, commonly diagnosed in childhood. The importance of recognition of its diagnosis is crucial, so it should be always among differential diagnoses in radiology, due to the range of complications that may affect the patients.

Submitted by Lucas Henrique Alves (lucashs@stj.jus.br) on 2018-09-27T18:27:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 analise_economica_contratos_borges.pdf: 160949 bytes, checksum: b791713242fa8250cfc302b27d824ab2 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Roberta Marins (rmarins@stj.jus.br) on 2018-09-27T20:37:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) analise_economica_contratos_borges.pdf: 160949 bytes, checksum: b791713242fa8250cfc302b27d824ab2 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-27T20:37:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) analise_economica_contratos_borges.pdf: 160949 bytes, checksum: b791713242fa8250cfc302b27d824ab2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018

Background Approximately 25% of U.S. military members sustaining extremity amputations in recent military conflicts have bilateral lower-extremity amputations (BLA). We investigated among combat-related extremity wounds whether BLA exhibit different bacterial burden, inflammatory response, and local complications. Methods A total of 75 patients with combat-related extremity wounds (19 BLA) were evaluated for age, tobacco use, body mass index, Injury Severity Score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, and delayed primary closure time. Blood, wound exudates, and muscle biopsies were obtained and analyzed for cytokine and quantitative bacteriology, excluding patients using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications and corticosteroids, due to potential effects on their inflammatory profile. Results BLA was not associated with differences in age, tobacco use, body mass index, and delayed primary closure time, but these patients had increased Injury Severity Score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, and rates of critical colonization. Proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (exudate), interleukin (IL)-1 (exudate) and IL-6 (serum) were increased in BLA patients. They also had serum and exudate increased IL-8 and decreased IL-13 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Both wound dehiscence (WD) and heterotopic ossification (HO) were more common in BLA patients. Conclusion BLA patients were more likely to exhibit critical bacterial colonization, a distinct inflammatory response, and develop WD and HO. Modulating this response represents an attractive target in an effort to prevent complications such as WD and HO.

Submitted by Eliana null (leila@stj.jus.br) on 2017-09-20T12:11:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 funcao_reparacao_principio_borges.pdf: 2216831 bytes, checksum: c9c214897f7ad0e86a81ad1329c1dd80 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Rafaella Monterei (rcarine@stj.jus.br) on 2017-10-02T12:13:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 funcao_reparacao_principio_borges.pdf: 2216831 bytes, checksum: c9c214897f7ad0e86a81ad1329c1dd80 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-02T12:13:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 funcao_reparacao_principio_borges.pdf: 2216831 bytes, checksum: c9c214897f7ad0e86a81ad1329c1dd80 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017

Submitted by Eliana null (leila@stj.jus.br) on 2017-09-25T15:58:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 analise_extrafiscalidade_taxas_borges.pdf: 1892433 bytes, checksum: 9d2729bd43a7a632c9a97215db4dd041 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Rafaella Monterei (rcarine@stj.jus.br) on 2017-10-02T12:47:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 analise_extrafiscalidade_taxas_borges.pdf: 1892433 bytes, checksum: 9d2729bd43a7a632c9a97215db4dd041 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-02T12:47:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 analise_extrafiscalidade_taxas_borges.pdf: 1892433 bytes, checksum: 9d2729bd43a7a632c9a97215db4dd041 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017

Background After adequate operative debridement and antimicrobial therapies, combat-related extremity wounds that either heal or fail are both associated with a distinct inflammatory response. Short-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in postoperative pain management may affect this response and, by consequence, the healing potential of these wounds. We investigated whether patients treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs had a distinct inflammatory response; different rates of critical colonization, defined as >105 colony forming units on quantitative bacteriology; and healing potential. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of 73 patients with combat-related extremity wounds. Patients were separated into 2 groups: those who received nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during the debridement period (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs group, N = 17) and those who did not (control group; N = 56). Serum and wound tissue samples collected during each operative debridement were measured for 32 known cytokines and tested for quantitative bacteriology, respectively. We compared cytokine concentrations between groups and then designed a logistic regression model to identify variables associated with successful wound healing, while controlling for known confounders. Results Despite similar demographics and wound characteristics, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs group had significant lesser concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. On multivariate analysis, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment emerged as a predictor of successful wound healing after controlling for known confounders such as wound size, tobacco use, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, and critical colonization. Conclusion Treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for postoperative pain management after major combat-related extremity trauma is associated with lesser concentrations of inflammatory cytokines and may contribute to a more favorable inflammatory response leading to successful wound healing.

Previous studies suggest that human pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoproteins (PSGs) play immunomodulatory roles during pregnancy; however, other possible functions of PSGs have yet to be explored. We have observed that PSGs induce transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), which among its other diverse functions inhibits T-cell function and has proangiogenic properties. The present study investigates a potential role for PSG1, the most abundant PSG in maternal serum, as a possible inducer of proangiogenic growth factors known to play an important role in establishment of the vasculature at the maternal-fetal interface. To this end, we measured TGFB1, vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) A and C, and placental growth factor (PGF) protein levels in several cell types after PSG1 treatment. In addition, tube formation and wound healing assays were performed to investigate a possible direct interaction between PSG1 and endothelial cells. PSG1 induced up-regulation of both TGFB1 and VEGFA in human monocytes, macrophages, and two human extravillous trophoblast cell lines. We did not observe induction of VEGFC or PGF by PSG1 in any of the cells tested. PSG1 treatment resulted in endothelial tube formation in the presence and absence of VEGFA. Site-directed mutagenesis was performed to map the essential regions within the N-domain of PSG1 required for functional activity. We found that the aspartic acid at position 95, previously believed to be required for binding of PSGs to cells, is not required for PSG1 activity but that the amino acids implicated in the formation of a salt bridge within the N-domain are essential for PSG1 function. © 2010 by the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Inc.

Initial IgE-dependent signaling events are associated with detergent-resistant membrane microdomains. Following Ag stimulation, the IgE-receptor (FcεRI) accumulates within these domains. This facilitates the phosphorylation of FcεRI subunits by the Src kinase, Lyn, and the interaction with adaptor proteins, such as the linker for activation of T cells. Among the phospholipases (PL) subsequently activated, PLD is of interest because of its presence in lipid microdomains and the possibility that its product, phosphatidic acid, may regulate signal transduction and membrane trafficking. We find that in Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 mast cells, the association of FcεRI with detergent-resistant membrane fractions is inhibited by 1-butanol, which subverts production of phosphatidic acid to the biologically inert phosphatidylbutanol. Furthermore, the knockdown of PLD2, and to a lesser extent PLD1 with small inhibitory RNAs, also suppressed the accumulation of FcεRI and Lyn in these fractions as well as the phosphorylation of Src kinases, FcεRI, linker for activation of T cells, and degranulation. These effects were accompanied by changes in distribution of the lipid microdomain component, ganglioside 1, in the plasma membrane as determined by binding of fluorescent-tagged cholera toxin B subunit and confocal microscopy in live cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that PLD activity plays an important role in promoting IgE-dependent signaling events within lipid microdomains in mast cells.

Submitted by Tiago Carvalho (ctscarva@stj.jus.br) on 2016-05-10T14:16:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 analise_compatibilidade_taxa_borges.pdf: 551943 bytes, checksum: 6be9dc3214bb5bcc8068867d2c3dec10 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Roberta Marins (rmarins@stj.jus.br) on 2016-05-11T18:54:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 analise_compatibilidade_taxa_borges.pdf: 551943 bytes, checksum: 6be9dc3214bb5bcc8068867d2c3dec10 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-11T18:54:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 analise_compatibilidade_taxa_borges.pdf: 551943 bytes, checksum: 6be9dc3214bb5bcc8068867d2c3dec10 (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016

Submitted by Tiago Carvalho (ctscarva@stj.jus.br) on 2016-06-16T18:01:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 utilizacao_instrumentos_economicos_borges.pdf: 640472 bytes, checksum: 40eaac83ae86ecf2bab1bdcedf1c0c8e (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Rafaella Monterei (rcarine@stj.jus.br) on 2016-06-17T19:56:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 utilizacao_instrumentos_economicos_borges.pdf: 640472 bytes, checksum: 40eaac83ae86ecf2bab1bdcedf1c0c8e (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-17T19:56:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 utilizacao_instrumentos_economicos_borges.pdf: 640472 bytes, checksum: 40eaac83ae86ecf2bab1bdcedf1c0c8e (MD5) license.txt: 1239 bytes, checksum: c9b4c351324448672315a00808efb725 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016

Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is described increasingly in individuals experiencing high-energy military trauma. Hallmarks of successful treatment involve aggressive surgical debridement and early initiation of systemic antimicrobial therapy. Currently, intravenous anti-fungal therapy commences based on appearance of wounds and patient's clinical course. Whereas some clinical protocols exist to predict which critically injured patients should receive anti-fungal therapies, there are no established serum markers associated with IFI. Our hypothesis is that serum inflammatory cytokines exist that can assist in identifying individuals at risk for IFI.This is a retrospective case control study at a single institution. Nine patients with IFI (Saksenaea vasiformis, Fusarium sp., Graphium sp., Scedosporium sp., Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., and Alternaria sp.) after battlefield trauma were matched to nine individuals with similar injury patterns whose laboratory results were negative for IFI. The combination of serum inflammatory cytokines from the first and second debridements was examined with multiplex platform proteomic analysis. We defined statistical significance as a two-tailed α0.05 after adjusting for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate method. This model was refined further with correlation-based filter selection and the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) was tested.Both groups had similar Injury Severity Scores (ISS) (mean±standard deviation [SD]) (26.8±15.5 vs. 29.2±16.8, p=0.766). Elevated RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) alone (10,492.8±4,450.1 vs. 5,333.3±4,162.2, p=0.006) correlated with IFI. Also, the combination of persistent elevations in RANTES, interleukin (IL)-2R, and IL-15 was a robust model for predicting IFI with the AUROC being 0.9.Elevation in serum cytokines, particularly RANTES, correlated with IFI in this small group of patients. This demonstrates the potential of future rapid serum testing for early initiation and guidance of anti-fungal therapies.

Scorpion venom (TX) promotes gastric acid and pepsin secretion leading to acute gastric mucosal lesions (AGML), when injected in animals. The goal of the present study was to observe the effects of acid gastric secretion blockers over the incidence of TX-induced AGML in vivo. To verify this model, we used male albino rats, fasted 18–20 h ( n = 122 ) and anaesthetized with urethane (1.4 g/kg, i.p.). Their trachea and left femoral vein were both cannulated; the first to avoid airway obstructions during scorpion intoxication and the second for administration of saline, TX and acid blockers. Following the surgical procedure, the animals were divided in 10 groups of at least 10 animals each. Control groups were injected with NaCl 0.9% 1 ml/kg ( n = 10 ) or TX 375 μg/kg ( n = 32 ). Test groups ( n = 10 , each) received atropine 5 mg/kg, cimetidine 10 mg/kg, ranitidine 2.5 mg/kg, ranitidine 5 mg/kg, omeprazol 1 mg/kg, omeprazol 4 mg/kg, octreotide 80 and octreotide 100 μg/kg 10 min before the TX was injected. After 1 h of intoxication, the stomach was resected for macroscopic study and the gastric secretion was collected for volume, pH and acid output assessment. We observed that all blockers were able to completely or partially prevent the TX-induced acid secretion as well as the AGML ( p 0.05 ). Our data suggest the TX-induced AGML can be prevented by different class of acid blockers injected before the intoxication.

Submitted by Diana Wolney Araujo Covello null (diacovel@stj.jus.br) on 2015-06-24T17:14:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 conteudo_limites_poderes_valente.pdf: 2051230 bytes, checksum: 04d266067532c153b1291946a1dadc09 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Rafaella Carine Monterei(rcarine@stj.jus.br) on 2015-06-25T19:29:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 conteudo_limites_poderes_valente.pdf: 2051230 bytes, checksum: 04d266067532c153b1291946a1dadc09 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-25T19:29:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 conteudo_limites_poderes_valente.pdf: 2051230 bytes, checksum: 04d266067532c153b1291946a1dadc09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015

Submitted by Gabriela Evangelista Botelho null (gbotelho@stj.jus.br) on 2015-04-08T17:47:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 inconstitucionalidade_art_1_borges.pdf: 721542 bytes, checksum: b7528f57d795f1a5d4154222790a9e36 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-08T17:47:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 inconstitucionalidade_art_1_borges.pdf: 721542 bytes, checksum: b7528f57d795f1a5d4154222790a9e36 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015

Background The abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of postinjury multiple organ failure. The ACS is defined as intra-abdominal hypertension causing adverse physiologic response. This study was designed to determine the effects of IAH on the production of interleukin-1b (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), and the effects on remote organ injury. Methods IAH was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats which were divided into 5 groups, 10 animals each. Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) was increased to 20 mm Hg for 60 and 90 minutes in two different groups. In a third group following IAP of 20 mm Hg the abdomen was decompressed for 30 minutes before samples were collected. The other animals were used as controls. Hemodynamic response was monitored throughout the procedure. Cytokine levels were assessed in the plasma. Remote organ injury was assessed by histopathology and myeloperoxidase activity. Results IAH caused a significant decrease in MAP. After abdominal decompression MAP returned to baseline levels. A significant decrease in arterial pH was also noted. Increase in the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 was noted 30 minutes after abdominal decompression. Plasma concentration of IL-1b was elevated after 60 minutes of IAH. Abdominal decompression, however, did not cause a significant increase in the levels of this cytokine. Lung neutrophil accumulation was significantly elevated only after abdominal decompression. Histopathological findings showed intense pulmonary inflammatory infiltration including atelectasis and alveolar edema. Conclusions IAH provokes the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines which may serve as a second insult for the induction of MOF.

Persistent critical colonization (CC) may lead to wound healing failure (WF) despite antibiotic treatment. We investigated the local host gene expression and cytokine response of critically colonized wounds to identify early signs of WF. Seventy-three patients with combat-related extremity wounds requiring serial operative debridements were assessed to determine whether there was an association between CC and WF. A total of 116wounds were identified. A subset of 44% (51/116) of these wounds developed CC (considered as growth of 105 bacterial CFU/g of tissue or μL of wound effluent). Samples were collected at each debridement and tested for 32 cytokines and 192 genes associated with wound healing. A two-tailed alpha < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Wounds closed with CC had increased odds of failing to heal OR=3.3 (1.225 to 8.9). A. baumannii was the most commonly isolated species. A subset of 12 out of 51 (24%) wounds which developed CC, failed. Of those, 10 had CC present on day of wound closure. However, 10 additional wounds with CC present at time of closure healed successfully after a similar number of debridements. Comparing these wounds, WF was associated with a decrease in the level of EGF (p Resolution of persistent CC before closure may prevent failure. Local host gene expression and cytokine response may provide additional insight for successful closure. Further studies investigating microbiology data and possible antibiotic resistant genes are needed.

Neste trabalho pretendemos apresentar e debater algumas metáforas do cérebro humano presentes numa amostra de materiais de divulgação científica visando, com isso, refletir sobre sentidos e usos associados ao cérebro humano. No caso da divulgação científica, em que cientistas ou jornalistas científicos buscam traduzir ou recriar para o público leigo o conhecimento científico, a importância das metáforas é evidente porque estas aproximam o público leigo de certos sentidos atribuídos pelos divulgadores sobre o funcionamento do cérebro. Discutiremos analiticamente, por fim, alguns pontos de contato entre as metáforas encontradas. In this paper we intend to present and discuss some metaphors of the human brain present in a sample of materials of science communication aimed, therefore, to reflect on meanings and uses associated with the human brain. In the case of the scientific dissemination, in which scientists and science journalists seek to translate or recreate to the lay public the scientific knowledge, the importance of metaphors is evident as they approach the lay public of certain meanings attributed by the promoters of science on the functioning of the brain. Finally, we analytically discuss a few points of contact between the metaphors found.

As taxas sao tributos vinculados a atuacao estatal, de modo que sua estrutura nao pode se distanciar do ato estatal em si. Isso significa que a hipotese de incidencia, a base de calculo, a aliquota, e, sobretudo, os contribuintes desta especie tributaria devem ter relacao de equivalencia com a acao publica prestada, sob pena de violacao do texto constitucional. Contudo, tem-se verificado que o STF, interpretando a Constituicao, adotou o entendimento de que principios como o da capacidade contributiva sao aplicaveis as taxas, como medida de isonomia e, por isso, de justica tributaria, muito embora disso resulte um estremecimento na relacao de equivalencia. Nesse contexto, verificou-se, a partir da doutrina de Sergio Vasques, que vem ganhando forca o entendimento que o principio da equivalencia melhor reflete, no caso dos tributos comutativos, o ideal de igualdade tributaria. Diante da problematica, surgiu a necessidade de analisar a pratica do STF diante desta teoria. Apos a exposicao do conceito e da estrutura das taxas, da teoria do principio da equivalencia, e da analise critica da jurisprudencia do STF, concluiu-se que o principio da equivalencia, assim como o principio da capacidade contributiva, merece protecao, justo por refletir o ideal de justica fiscal nas taxas.