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Introduction: Malocclusion is one of the major oral health problems among children and young adults which lead to social stigma and psychological disorders. Several orthodontic problems can be treated at an earlier age so that it benefits the growing children. Aim: The main aim of the study is to assess the knowledge and awareness of early age orthodontic interventions among interns, general dentists and dental practitioners. Materials and method: This study is conducted by circulating a questionnaire consisting of 20 questions through the web. A total of 500 participants which includes 100 of interns, 100 of general dentists, 100 of Pedodontists, 100 of Non orthodontic postgraduates and 100 of Non orthodontic specialists. Results: As per the results, Pedodontists shows the higher mean knowledge of 24.59 compared to other populations. It showed the statistically significant knowledge and attitude difference between the groups. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of providing knowledge to general dentists, Non orthodontic PG's and Non orthodontic specialists on earlier orthodontic intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Periodontitis is intricately linked to oxidative stress-antioxidant (redox) imbalance. The antioxidant system scavenges the oxygen free radicals in biological fluids in patients with periodontitis. However, little is still known about the free radicals mediated oxidative stress and reductive ability of the antioxidant system. Thus, the present meta-analysis aims to quantitatively review the literature that assessed the oxidative stress marker total oxidative stress (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in various biological fluids of patients with periodontitis. Methodology. Electronic databases were searched for studies that assessed TOS and TAC levels in various biological samples of patients with periodontitis. Results. From the 1,812 articles identified, 1,754 were excluded based on title and abstract screening due to irrelevance to the topic of interest. A full-text assessment of the remaining 58 articles led to the selection of 42 articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria. Of these, only 24 studies had consistent data for quantitative analysis. The periodontitis group displayed significantly elevated TOS levels (p < 0.05) in serum, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and saliva samples in the studies evaluated. In contrast, the periodontitis group exhibited significantly attenuated TAC levels (p < 0.01) compared to healthy controls in plasma, serum, and GCF samples of the studies evaluated, which was insignificant in salivary samples (p = 0.433). At the same time, the periodontitis group displayed insignificantly elevated TAC levels after periodontal therapy (p = 0.130). Conclusions. The present meta-analysis showed significantly higher TOS and lower TAC in periodontitis, reflecting the elevated oxidative stress level than the control group. Clinical Relevance. Scientific rationale for the study: The imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants (oxidative stress (OS)) plays a critical role in the onset and progression of periodontitis; the assessment of the relationship between OS-related biomarkers in regional samples and systemic samples of patients with periodontitis helps us to evaluate the periodontal disease progression. The OS biomarker levels can be used to assess periodontal disease and therapeutic efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the demineralization resistance and the shear bond strength of enamel surfaces after erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er, Cr:YSGG) laser etching (2 W/15 Hz, 2 W/25 Hz) and to compare them with conventional acid etching for orthodontic bonding. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 extracted human premolars with intact enamel surface were used for this study. Demineralization Resistance was estimated using ion-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). Shear bond strength was evaluated using Universal Testing Machine--Instron. Results: Statistically significant difference (P < .001) was found in the concentration of dissolved calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P), with the highest mean Ca and P in the acid-etched group, followed by 2 W/15 Hz laser-etched group and least with 2 W/25 Hz laser-etched group. Maximum bond strength was found in the acid-etched group (12.06 MPa), followed by the 2 W/25 Hz laser-etched group (9.01 MPa) and 2 W/15 Hz laser-etched group (8.39 MPa). The differences were statistically significant. Conclusions: Laser conditioning of enamel surface revealed significant demineralization resistance with a minimal dissolution of Ca and P ions in the demineralizing solution. Moreover, optimum bond strength was obtained similar to that of acid etching; hence, Er,Cr:YSGG laser conditioning of enamel surface is preferred over the conventional phosphoric acid etching for orthodontic bonding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Malocclusion has been a problem since ancient times. Diverse factors influence malocclusion such as oral habits, anomalies in the dentition like changes in shape, position and number of teeth. But awareness and attitude about the problem differs within the neighborhood, depending upon their understanding and education. Hence, observation is essential to diminish and avoid the deleterious effects of malocclusion. Hence the objective of this study is to perceive the knowledge of youngsters and enlighten their perception on misaligned teeth.Methods and Material: A cross sectional study was conducted among 1000 young adults between ages 18-22 in Sathyabama University, Chennai, India. A questionnaire consisting of 24 multiple choice questions were given to the participants to assess their awareness, attitude towards malocclusion and orthodontic treatment. Descriptive statistics and chi square test was done using SPSS software version 20. The level of significance was set at 0.05.Results: More than 70% of the participants show concern and interest on self-image, 39.9% of the total study population were unhappy with the arrangement of their teeth. There was an overall lack of knowledge about the etiology and the effects of malocclusion among the participants. 60.2% of the population have not visited a dentist in the past 3 years. Many had false impressions towards orthodontic treatment.Conclusion: Awareness about the effects of malocclusion among young adults seems to be lacking. Most of the time, the treatment is neglected until the need for it arises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 23-year-old female presented with the complaints of facial and dental problems. Clinical examination showed the excessive lower facial height and insufficient molar prominence whereas functional examination revealed premature contact in the left buccal. Dental casts were mounted on the cuspid to remove muscle spasms.

The article offers information on the method developed for reactivation of open-coils using composite stops and provides steps for the same. It mentions that the method was demonstrated in a patient with severe lower crowding and that the method does not prevent reciprocal movement of the adjacent teeth. It further discusses the usefulness of combining vertical stop with a composite bead in a variety of clinical situations.