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BackgroundAimsMethods & proceduresOutcomes & resultsConclusionsPeople with fluent and non-fluent aphasia frequently have time reference deficits, which could be more pronounced for the past than for the present and future tenses. However, this performance pattern (past < non-past) is not consensual and might depend on the type of task used. Furthermore, the influence of cognitive processes on time reference deficits remains little explored, as does the origin of these difficulties (e.g. pre-phonological, morpho-phonological).The primary aims of the study were (1) to identify time reference deficits and (2) dissociations between tenses in French speakers with fluent and non-fluent aphasia and (3) to specify the effect of tasks on performance and tense dissociations. Secondly, our study also aimed to determine whether time reference deficits were (4) influenced by cognitive functions and (5) explained by pre-phonological or morpho-phonological deficits.Twenty-one French-speaking participants with fluent and non-fluent aphasia and 21 matched control subjects performed three tasks assessing time reference (verb inflection production, verb inflection selection, and adverb selection) and five neuropsychological tests (verbal and non-verbal working memory, inhibition, flexibility, and temporality). Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted.Participants with fluent and non-fluent aphasia had worse performances than controls on the three time-reference tasks. The performance of the participants with fluent and non-fluent aphasia was quantitatively similar but qualitatively different on the verb inflection production task (i.e. different error types). A main task effect was also found: the verb inflection production task was the only one to show worse performances in the past than in the present and future. Regarding cognitive predictors, verbal working memory and temporality were linked to the three tasks assessing time reference. In contrast, non-verbal working memory was associated only with the two selection tasks, possibly related to the mental timeline. Finally, task analysis suggested a pre-phonological (encoding of diacritic features deficit) rather than a morpho-phonological origin.Our study is the first to replicate time reference deficit in French speakers with aphasia. It suggests that the type of task might influence the performance profiles observed and help to shed light on the origin of the difficulties. Cognitive functions that have rarely been investigated before may also influence performance. These results have important clinical implications by questioning the tasks used to assess time reference. They also underline the importance of identifying the origin of difficulties in proposing targeted treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since 2011, the Lesbian and Gay Liberation in Canada project has sought to make the history of the LGBTQ2+ movement in Canada more accessible to a wide range of users. Analysis: We review approaches we have taken to further our vision, from digitization to graph databases, ontology development, and public engagement through Wikipedia edit-a-thons. Conclusions and implications: Having created a robust interface for sharing LGBTQ2+ history, we are able to focus our attention on building up publicly available information on marginalized communities, while also strategizing for the long-term sustainability of our project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the sociolinguistic challenges and explores new perspectives on the evaluation of French competency in creole-speaking communities, particularly in Haiti. Due to the absence of an effective and adaptable French proficiency test in the country, the percentage of Francophones often varies between 5 % and 10 %, and as high as 42 %. This inconsistency may be the result of the assumption that schooling is an effective metric of French proficiency. In this study, I argue that while schooling creates some French speakers, it is not necessarily indicative of French proficiency for all Haitians. In other words, not all Haitians enrolled in schools can count as French speakers. I make three propositions to improve the accuracy of the proportion of French speakers in Haiti: (1) combining schooling with some proficiency instrument to determine French speakers; (2) using an adaptable proficiency test that is based on the salient features that distinguish French from Haitian Creole (Kreyòl); (3) controlling for sociolinguistic varieties such as Frenchified Kreyòl or Kreyòl swa to prevent the miscategorization of monolingual Kreyòl speakers as French speakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a special issue of the Journal of African Cultural Studies that focuses on the cultural expressions of universities in Africa, specifically in Francophone African countries. The articles in this issue explore the diverse forms of campuses, including love stories, student experiences, and protests. The issue also addresses the use of French, the socio-political implications of institutionalized Francophonie, and economic and military injustices. The special issue is part of the AFRIUNI project, which critically examines universities and their role in addressing present and future challenges. The articles in this issue cover topics such as the teaching of literature during the COVID-19 pandemic, student experiences, and the production of knowledge in postcolonial contexts. The text also discusses the role of art in university education in Benin, highlighting efforts to create a structured arts and culture program at Abomey-Calavi University. It emphasizes the need for multilingual and pluriversal knowledge production and addresses the financial barriers and linguistic dominance that hinder the circulation of academic knowledge in Africa. [Extracted from the article]

We tested whether second language (L2) learners rely more on explicit memory during structural priming at lower than at higher proficiency levels (Hartsuiker & Bernolet, 2017). We compared within-L2 priming with lexical overlap in 100 low and 100 high proficiency French L2 speakers under low versus high working memory load conditions induced with a letter series recall task presented between primes and targets. The high load condition would prevent explicit recall of primes during target production. Both groups primed more under low than high load. The effect of load was similar across groups, but exploratory analyses with proficiency as a continuous variable sug)gested that, with increasing proficiency, participants primed less und discuss how these findings support the idea that learners exploit explicit memory more during priming in early versus later stages of acquisition. Overall, this study showed that explicit memory influences syntactic processing across the L2 learning trajectory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study seeks to expand our understanding of code‐mixed advertising by comparing the use of English aimed at Francophone consumers in the Expanding Circle and the Inner Circle. Focusing on France and the Canadian province of Quebec, this analysis illustrates how marketing strategies differ across regional and national boundaries while highlighting the shift of English from a foreign to an additional language of use in Europe. Frenglish slogans observed in both contexts indicate that those who design advertising copy for France rely on a much wider gamut of English words and expressions to market products to local consumers. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate how the degree of adherence to language policy is closely linked to language attitudes and other socio‐cultural variables. Although both Quebec and France have a long‐standing tradition of language planning in favor of French, advertising practices differ quite significantly due to their respective socio‐historical and communicative contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article retraces some uses of the notion of literary translingualism in francophone literary studies and contextualizes its restriction of meaning. When it refers to the literary practice of a foreign language acquired late, the phenomenon of translingual writing involves situations of learning French as a foreign language and a singular familiarization with canonical texts of French literature. Just as we talk about second language acquisition, shouldn't we consider the reading practices through which translingual writers acquire a second literature? The article provides elements to respond in the positive by considering texts by Milan Kundera and Katalin Molnár and by taking stock of two related areas where translingual literature forms a corpus: second language acquisition and foreign language learning and teaching. In many universities, foreign language learners are themselves acquiring a second literature, with translingual literary texts as mediators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of literary posture, defined as "the unique way of occupying a 'position' in the literary field" (Meizoz 2007, 18), proves to be a valuable tool for observing the different strategies that translingual writers adopt in the French literary space, while facing some common constraints. Proposing the hypothesis of a correlation between translingual French writers' posture and linguistic imaginary, this paper distinguishes four frequent configurations, admitting of course border zones and intersections: the "defector" posture, often correlated with the critique of the country of origin; the "facilitator" posture, by which the author poses as a mediator and often a translator between the culture of origin and French; the "wandering" posture, one of reciprocal questioning of the two linguistic and national spaces, that of origin and that of arrival; finally, the posture of the "uprooted," including the refusal of a role of "ambassador" of the country of origin, advocating an "absolute" literature, free from any political constraint. The study of a few emblematic cases—Chahdortt Djavann, Simonetta Greggio, Michela Marzano, Velibor Čolić, Akira Mizubayashi—will also show that a posture can be constant or change over time and that reception plays an important role in the implementation of a postural strategy and its modifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article intends to short-circuit the masculine homosociality inherent to the current reception of racial capitalism in francophone critical thought. It argues that this reception silences non-masculine critical and poetic promises that go beyond canonical francophone accounts of the imbrications between racism and capitalism. To do so, it briefly reviews the normative genealogy of the conceptual formalization of racial capitalism to highlight the absence of women, feminists, and queer people in the narrative that today reaches francophone spaces. Then, it excavates Suzanne Césaire's prescient critique of capitalism, wage-labor, and the politics of the family, engaging with her articulation of a cannibal poetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This introduction presents 'racial capitalism' as a timely and important avenue of study in contemporary French and Francophone Studies. Drawing inspiration from the belated French translation of Cedric Robinson's landmark Black Marxism: The Making of the Black Radical Tradition , it details early responses to Robinson's book on the francophone left, before engaging more broadly with the concept of racial capitalism in its more recent interpretations. Before detailing the issue's contributions, it argues that while work on race and racism in French and Francophone Studies is rich and expansive, work on racial capitalism remains to be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the significance of the French and Francophone presence in North America and its impact on French language learning and use, with a special focus on the linkage between Québec and French language advocacy. Within a context of heritage languages, the lack of opportunity to learn additional languages in US public schools, and declining enrollments in languages in US colleges and universities, the scope of both the historical and contemporary role of Francophones in the US is described, and a brief overview of French language advocacy is provided. Current trends, including Francoresponsabilité and Franco-Activisme, as well as the importance of advocacy partnerships and online learning, are also explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Canadian federal government is aiming to increase Francophone immigration in order to support Francophone minority communities (FMCs), but retention remains a key challenge. Given their minority context, FMCs must not only be open to the growing demographic diversity resulting from increased immigration but must also support community cohesion by addressing potential barriers related to inclusion and participation of immigrants to engage them as full members of the community. Informed by the broader literature on social cohesion, our study focused on the politics of belonging at the local scale. We adopted a qualitative case study methodology to examine the experiences of community members in three mid-sized Canadian cities located in distinct provinces: Winnipeg (Manitoba), Ottawa (Ontario) and Moncton (New Brunswick). We conducted focus groups in each city with members of the local FMC, including those born in Canada and abroad, to understand their daily experiences of living in smaller communities experiencing demographic diversification. We share findings in relation to two central themes. First, we outline the facilitators of social participation in the FMC that participants described as enabling their community engagement. Second, we unpack the perceived role of Francophone spaces for supporting community cohesion. Our findings can inform efforts to support community cohesion and promote retention among FMCs, as well as additional linguistic minority communities in other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is based on 48 interviews and five writing testimonies of 23 men convicted, incarcerated and released from high‐security prisons in the French part of Switzerland. Through a longitudinal and phenomenological perspective, this contribution explores the role of affective states in desistance from crime. The findings show that giving up crime requires navigating through three 'emotional seeds' that qualify the most significant affective states of the desistance process: distress; disillusionment; and hope. Thus, this research develops the notion of 'emotional balance' in desistance from crime, which consists of being neither overwhelmed by one's feelings nor repressing them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les transferts culturels, en bande dessinée, s'effectuent souvent par le biais de la traduction et, au Canada, ce processus est plus complexe qu'il n'y paraît. Lors du passage d'une langue à une autre, il faut, bien sûr, tenir compte d'aspects importants comme la culture de départ, la culture d'arrivée ou la culture de la personne qui traduit. Au Canada, où coexistent plusieurs cultures, dont les cultures autochtones, il faut nécessairement tenir compte du passé colonial du français ainsi que de l'anglais, la langue dominante, ce qui établit des rapports de force entre les cultures qu'on ne peut pas ignorer. D'autre part, la traduction de bande dessinée doit aussi relever certains défis particuliers au médium, comme la traduction d'images culturellement chargée. Enfin, pour ajouter encore à la complexité de la problématique, les traductions faites au Canada doivent souvent négocier avec les enjeux de l'exportation vers d'autres pays anglophones et francophones, et ces cultures additionnelles influenceront les choix faits par les personnes qui traduisent. Cet article fait suite à une table ronde organisée le 26 mai 2022, dans le cadre du Festival BD de Montréal, à laquelle avaient été invités Catherine Ego et Alexandre Fontaine Rousseau, qui ont travaillé à traduire des bandes dessinées. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Alter Ego: Le genre superhéroïque dans la BD au Québec (1968-1995)" by Philippe Rioux is a book that explores the transfer and adaptation of the superhero genre in Quebec. The author analyzes the development of the genre in Quebec from the 1960s onwards, including the re-editions of American superheroes in French and the creation of original Quebec superheroes. Rioux examines various aspects of the transfer and adaptation process, such as translation, cover design, and the incorporation of local culture. The book also briefly touches on the transfer of other genres, such as Archie comics and children's collections. Overall, Rioux provides a comprehensive study of the superhero genre in Quebec and its relationship with American culture. [Extracted from the article]

More and more works testify to the pictorial turn which marks francophone literary production since the end of the twentieth century, "immersed in the world of the modern images and mass media," as Magali Nachtergael pointed out. The textual and visual regimes are thus no longer inscribed in a logic of competition but arranged in a perspective of co-adjunction, of fertile crossings. From this perspective, we examine Affranchissements (2020) by Muriel Pic; this "wandering-book" is structured in six parts which deploy a nonlinear narrative, brimming with many visual materials and where everything starts from "the magical grimoire of a stamp album" and from a "debt to be paid." This article analyzes this fundamentally hybrid book which, in a decompartmentalization of semiotic regimes, activates a poetic plurimateriality and makes of the literary space a—political—place of renewal of the real, of a redrawing of the material and symbolic space, as Jacques Rancière would say. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Henri Lopes's 1990 novel, Le Chercheur d'Afriques, embraces the post-colonial reality of multiple roots (Glissant). Much like Jazz music itself, the novel embodies the principles of la créolité outlined by Bernabé, Chamoiseau, and Confiant in their 1989 work, Éloge de la Créolité. This paper will explore the rhythms, musical composition, and musical intersections that enrich and shape the novel paying particular attention to jazz music, lyrics, rhythm, and sounds embedded in the novel's structure, language, and imagery, and examine ways in which the layering music and musical references throughout the text has the power to create soundscapes, evoke emotions and memories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though I had lived in the United States, my whole life up to that point, grew up in an English-speaking home, and had gone to college, this was my introduction to the ideological positionalities of the "native" and "nonnative" English speaker literacies and the accompanying dynamics of assumed and ascribed identities that are enacted in the English language learning classroom between teachers and students. There are of course shared traits of nationalist ideologies among these aforementioned nations (hostility or wariness of the "Others"), but the neo-nationalism of global-dominating countries is different than the ones who have never colonized other nations. When politicians, media pundits, academics, and everyday people mention the word, "nationalism", what do they mean by it?. [Extracted from the article]

This document provides summaries of several research studies published in the journal "Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities." The studies cover a range of topics related to intellectual and developmental disabilities, including the translation and validation of assessment tools in French, the effectiveness of training programs for nurses in early screening of neurodevelopmental disorders, the experiences of healthcare professionals in delivering violence prevention workshops for individuals with intellectual disabilities, the perspectives of support staff on quality interactions with individuals with intellectual disabilities, and the use of supported decision-making for individuals with disabilities. The summaries highlight the key findings and implications of each study, providing valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in the field. [Extracted from the article]

Résumé: Cet article présente une analyse multifactorielle du comportement des consonnes liquides post-obstruantes en position finale de mot en français. Plus précisément, nous nous intéressons au phénomène par lequel un ou final dans la transcription orthographique d'un mot n'est pas prononcé dans la parole continue, p. ex. comme dans les items « découvre » et « terrible », respectivement prononcés [dekuv] et [teʁʁb] au lieu de [dekuvʁʁ] et [teʁʁibl]. Au total, plus de 2500 items comportant un cluster obstruante+liquide en fin de mot ont été extraits d'un corpus de parole d'une durée de 13 heures, qui a été étiqueté à différents niveaux. Ce corpus comprend les productions de 120 locuteurs originaires de 3 pays francophones (Belgique, France et Suisse), enregistrés dans deux tâches différentes (lecture et conversation). Pour déterminer ce qui affecte la (non-)prononciation de ou dans ces contextes, une douzaine de prédicteurs de différentes natures sont testés dans un même modèle statistique. Les caractéristiques phonétiques telles que le lieu et le mode d'articulation, le contexte droit, le statut prosodique et le taux d'articulation; mais aussi les prédicteurs liés aux locuteurs (pays d'origine, sexe, âge, classe sociale) et au style de parole sont pris en compte. Des modèles mixtes linéaires généralisés révèlent que seulement la moitié d'entre eux ressortent comme jouant un rôle significatif sur la variable à l'étude. Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière dʼétudes antérieures portant sur les aspects sociolinguistiques des variantes de prononciation en français. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some studies suggest that the PQ's proposed Charter of Values and Bill 21 have fostered a sense of exclusion among members of religious minorities. However, there is no study to date that compares the sense of belonging of religious minorities before and after these legislative projects were put on the agenda. Grounded in research on "focusing events" and drawing on data from three surveys conducted in 2012, 2014 and 2019, our study examines the impact of the secularism debates on racialized immigrants' sense of belonging in Quebec. Our results show that a deficit of belonging to Quebec relative to Canada already existed in 2012, but that it was circumscribed to certain groups, notably those of non-Christian denominations and non-French speakers. Our analyses also show that with debates on secularism, the Quebec belonging deficit has extended to non-religious minorities and Francophones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has given rise to all types of beliefs, theories, and explanations, whether scientific, religious, or conspiratorial. At the beginning of the pandemic, science did not yet have a medicinal product for this new disease, and alternative medicines offering "miracle cures" were acclaimed by some citizens looking for an effective treatment for COVID-19. This article aims to study a specific "miracle cure", namely, chlorine dioxide, a bleaching agent for textiles or paper that also has disinfectant properties (water, surfaces). The dissemination of information about chlorine dioxide to French-speaking people on the social network Twitter from 1 December 2019 to 30 November 2021 is analyzed using a graph network. The results show that messages promoting misinformation, even if they are likely to be quantitatively less numerous, spread more widely than those based on more reliable information. In addition, this article shows that chlorine dioxide was promoted as an effective cure by medical doctors and peer-reviewed articles, which consequently increased the dissemination of this belief in the social space. Consequently, the process of misinformation entered the sphere of scientific controversy. The boundary between science and misinformation is becoming blurred to the point that it is no longer possible until proven otherwise to call chlorine dioxide a "false miracle cure" but a controversial treatment against COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article questions the becoming of the concept of the "male gaze" theorized by Laura Mulvey, through the study of its reception among French and Francophone thinkers. Written in close dialogue with Freudian psychoanalysis, "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema" (1975) indicates that the ideological stakes of representation go beyond the content of what is shown to reveal how the unshown is inserted between the form and the unconscious. The question that arises is whether there are viable conceptual alternatives to the critique of male gaze, such as the notion of "female gaze." My hypothesis is that, given certain resistances encountered about the male gaze in critical literature, it is important to question the conditions of the exclusion of the female gaze, both as a concept and as a phenomenon that can be identified within artistic forms. Since Mulvey's intellectual trajectory was deeply marked by her encounter with French film critics, the article examines more broadly the reception of her theoretical proposals in the French-speaking area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Algeria is characterized by Arabic-French bilingualism for more than six decades due to the historical factor. However, with the emergence of social media that relies more on English as a worldwide language and its abusive use by Algerian teenagers who are willing to build international relations with foreigners in the virtual setting, the use of the French language has decreased though it is the first official foreign language. Therefore, the current paper aims at investigating the impact of social media on increasing English and decreasing French, the fact that causes a sociolinguistic adjustment. To do that, mixed method research using online observation as the first research tool in addition to an online questionnaire and an interview through the Zoom platform were employed. The participants of the study were 112 Algerian teenagers for the online questionnaire and 10 interviewees. The final findings demonstrated that Algerian teenagers showed positive attitudes towards English language use and developing their skills through social media due to its global value. Moreover, English has even the potential to substitute the French language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long, rich history of Francophone cinematic culture has been largely absent from the pages of French Historical Studies. The current issue offers a corrective by initiating dialogue between historians and film studies specialists, and this introduction lays a groundwork by briefly sketching intellectual and cultural contexts for the articles that follow. Brett Bowles, Christian Delage, and Thibault Guichard examine films that recover voices silenced by abuses of state power or antistate terror, adding to existing work on how visual media preserves evidence of violence and so broadening our understanding of how history is constituted. Vanessa Brutsche engages a rich literature on how cinematic fictions represent the past with an article that explains how two popular films of the 1970s married historical "truths" with contemporary cultural referents to reappraise the French past and challenge illusions of progress. Kamel Ben Ouanès and Patricia Caillé's overview of Tunisian cinema explores its complex relationship to state, civil society, and an international "Third Cinema" while reminding us how much Francophone cinema has become transnational in contexts of production and subject matter alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccines have been identified as a crucial strategy to control the spread of COVID-19 and reduce its impact. However, there are concerns about the acceptance of vaccines within African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) communities. Based on a community sample of ACB people in Ottawa, Ontario (n = 375), the current study aimed to use logistic regression analysis and identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine willingness. A multivariate analysis shows that ACB people who believed that the ACB population is at a higher risk for COVID-19 were more likely to be willing to receive the vaccine compared to those who did not (OR = 1.79, p < 0.05). ACB people who had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine were more likely to be willing to receive it in the future (OR = 2.75, p < 0.05), and trust in government COVID-19 information was also positively associated with vaccine willingness (OR = 3.73, p < 0.01). In addition, English-speaking respondents were more willing to receive the vaccine compared to French-speaking respondents (OR = 3.21, p < 0.01). In terms of socioeconomic status, ACB people with a post-graduate degree (OR = 2.21, p < 0.05) were more likely to report vaccine willingness compared to those without a bachelor's degree. Based on these findings, we discuss implications for policymakers and directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present a review of studies that have collected and annotated errors produced by people with dyslexia from corpora of written texts (six studies involving English, Spanish, German and French). Such resources are useful for studying the spelling difficulties of people with dyslexia. Results can be used for the design and development of assistive technologies. This paper also presents our contribution: a new study of errors from two corpora of typed texts written by French-speaking people with dyslexia. It details the methodology used to annotate the spelling errors extracted from these corpora and the analysis of these errors. The results of our study are compared to the results of the previous studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By conducting an apparent-time analysis of the OFROM corpus collected in Francophone Switzerland, this study examined the use of genre as discourse marker in the speech of 306 French L1 speakers. First, we examined the effect of extralinguistic factors on the discursive use of genre. The logistic mixed-effects regression analysis results revealed that the emerging use of genre is indeed an ongoing change led by female speakers in Swiss French. This use was favored by monolinguals in Francophone Swiss. Second, we examined the vowel reduction of the DM genre in the corpus. Our results revealed that speakers who received only a high school education favor the vowel reduction in the DM genre the most. Given the high percentage of phonological reduction in the DM genre, we believe that the grammaticalization of this particle has reached its advanced stage in Swiss French. Compared to previous findings on the emerging use of genre in Hexagonal French, we suggested that the grammaticalization of the particle genre in Swiss French may be independent of that in Hexagonal French. The grammaticalization in Swiss French was much more advanced than in Hexagonal French. This study supplied comparable results on the grammaticalization of the same particle in two different Francophone countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on student mobility in the world with successive confinements and the closing of borders. However, this slowdown in trade has not stopped travel and post-pandemic demand is increasingly important. Thus, the demand of international mobility in higher education continues to increase and is becoming a major challenge not only from a political point of view but also an economical one. In recent years, Türkiye assert itself as a host country for international students and more and more French speaking students choose to study in Turkish universities. The aim of this research is to determine the factors and the reasons why French speaking international students decide to study in Turkish universities, the difficulties they face during their higher education and their satisfaction with their decision to study in Türkiye in general and at Bursa Technical University in particular. A mixed research consisting of a survey and semi-directed interviews was conducted at Bursa Technical University during the 2021-2022 academic year with French speaking international students from 13 countries where French is the official or second language. The results show that these students do not regret their decision to come and study in Türkiye and at Bursa Technical University because they appreciate the quality of education and the hospitability of the local population but language remains their main problem. Moreover, it appears that the advantages of the Turkish university system for engineering students and Türkiye being a mostly Muslim country greatly affect their decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aims of this study were to develop a French version of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) and to investigate its psychometric properties among French-speaking dental patients.Materials and Methods: The OES is an eight-item instrument initially developed to assess self-reported orofacial esthetics in patients with prosthodontic concerns. The first seven items refer to direct esthetic impact and give a summary score, and the remaining item is a global assessment item. The original English version of the OES questionnaire was translated and cross-culturally adapted to develop a French version (OES-F). The reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability) and validity (convergent and discriminative) of the OES-F were then tested in a sample of 140 patients awaiting dental treatment.Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the OES-F ranged from 0.885 to 0.913. The corrected item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.523 to 0.872. Intraclass correlation coefficient values were 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89 to 0.97) for the summary score and ranged between 0.85 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.92) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.94) for the items. OES-F summary scores assessed by patients were significantly correlated with experts' ratings (r = 0.51; P < .05). OES-F summary scores discriminated patients with esthetic concerns from those without esthetic concerns (P < .05).Conclusion: The OES-F questionnaire showed excellent psychometric properties and may be a suitable scale for assessing orofacial esthetics among French patients awaiting dental treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The word home does not have a direct analogue in medieval French, but it often emerges in Middle English romances translated from francophone sources. This essay examines what these translations can tell us about the valences of the word home in Middle English, demonstrating that it had connotations of belonging, emotional attachment, and power, as well as shelter or housing. I argue that understanding the uses of home can offer insight into the ideologies and geographic dynamics of a romance. In the case of Beves of Hampton , tracing the changes in the location of the protagonist's home indicates that one could have multiple homes and also sheds light on the text's Crusading agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ageing of people with disabilities and the evolution of their problems imply an increased need for support and care. In institutions for people with disabilities, social educators and nurses are called upon more and more to work together within socio-educational teams. Based on the perspective of sociology of professional groups and works on interprofessional collaboration, this article analyses the interprofessional collaboration between social educators and nurses in institutions for people with disabilities in French-speaking Switzerland, according to professionals concerned and employers. Interviews provide insight on the processes of redefining the areas of intervention between social educators and nurses, by pointing out two institutional modalities of division of labour in the consulted structures, formal distinction and no formal distinction, the issues they raise and how professionals make them their own. Results also highlight the good collaboration between these professions, the areas of tension and the influences on interdisciplinary collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review article discusses how Alain-Philippe Durand's recent edited book about Francophone hip-hop gathers a plurality of voices and disciplinary approaches on hip-hop worlds, and offers thoughtful insights with regards to a number of issues often raised about hip-hop--related to race, migration or institutionalization of countercultural forms over different spaces of the French-speaking Atlantic--but also regarding the field of hip-hop studies itself. I address two main lines of discussion opened by the book and that could deserve further discussion in light of the current literature on hip-hop in the Francophone area. The first one is related to the contrasts and oppositions perceptible at the reading of this collection of papers, about the meaning of making hip-hop studies in a context of imagination of hip-hop as a "resistant" and countercultural form. The second is the issue of racial politics, imaginaries and identifications exchanged over the Atlantic space, and the role of Africa as an imagined or real land of reference in the construction of identities, art forms, ideologies and discourses in Francophone hip-hop worlds. I finally defend how the book's rich reflections raise many questions and future possibilities, both for the field of hip-hop studies and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Dynamic Assessment (DA) is recommended for testing bilinguals as it tests the child's learning potential and not her or his previously acquired language knowledge. Thus, it allows language difficulties to be distinguished from difficulties related to a lack of L2 exposure. This study presents the findings of DA of morphosyntax in French-speaking monolingual and bilingual children, both Typically Developing (TD) and with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). We examined whether DA was able to distinguish TD from DLD in children, irrespective of their linguistic group (mono- versus bilingual). Morphosyntactic skills were assessed in a sample of 37 children with DLD (19 bilinguals) and 42 with TD (18 bilinguals), aged from 5 to 12. We assessed six syntactic structures: simple sentences (SVO) in present and past tense, subject relatives, accusative clitic pronouns, passives, and object relatives. We provided graduated prompts if children were not able to produce the target sentences. The results confirmed the accuracy of our morphosyntactic task to disentangle children with TD from children with DLD, regardless of their linguistic group. Moreover, cutoffs for each structure as well as for the total score, as determined via ROC curves, indicated high sensitivity and specificity for children with DLD who had a documented morphosyntactic deficit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although much has been written in recent years on the emergence of non-binary English linguistic innovations, comparatively little has been written on non-binary French forms, especially neo-morphemes marking non-binary gender on nouns. As French is a grammatical-gender language with a traditionally binary (masculine and feminine) system, many non-binary Francophones have circumvented the social connection between grammatical gender and human gender in innovating new, non-binary markers for animate nouns and their modifiers. This study uses a mixed methods approach, combining analysis of non-binary French grammars alongside interview data in order to highlight the divergent morphological approaches underlying non-binary marking systems. Three approaches to the formation of non-binary nouns are identified: A Compounding Approach, which combines masculine and feminine markers; a Systematic Approach, which phonologically conditions the use of non-binary allomorphs, with the markers themselves ranging from phonologically novel within French syllabic structure, to homophonous with masculine and/or feminine variants; and an Invariable Approach, which applies a single non-binary marker across all nouns. Ultimately, this study disentangles both morphological patterns in the formation of non-binary words and some of the motivations behind them in an emerging French subtype well-known to be heterogeneous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elle se doit, comme en témoigne ce livre, d'être pensée en mettant diverses perspectives francophones et autres en dialogue plutôt qu'en opposition, l'enrichissant et la rendant plus convaincante de ce fait. Dans I Un déclic Gestalt pour la langue française: arguments pour un genre non-binaire i (chapitre 7), Vinay Swamy, professeur de français aux Etats-Unis distingue et explore écriture inclusive et subjectivités non-binaires en tant que résistance au cispatriarcat, arguant que la langue française rend invisible le féminin et le non-binaire, prônant la nécessité de surmonter les défis historiques liés au genre dans cette langue, en vue de créer la possibilité d'une expression neutre ou inclusive en français. Les nombreux exemples de français neutre dans ce chapitre ancrent les possibilités d'écriture neutre dans une nouvelle réalité, ce qui ne sera pas au gout de tous mais démontre qu'il est possible d'innover linguistiquement en faveur d'une langue française non-genrée, ou du moins une langue plus fluide en matière d'expression du genre. [Extracted from the article]

This article is a Christian theological interrogation of the war in the Anglophone region of Cameroon between Cameroon's army and Anglophone separatists who seek separation from Francophone Cameroon. It problematizes a facile understanding of Anglophone identity that places Anglophones on the one side and Francophones on the other, arguing that these identities are complex. It critiques theologies that appear to defend Anglophone separation arguing that these theologies are rooted in an inadequate understanding of liberation theology and a limited doctrine of providence. It proposes an African political theology that calls into question the theological legitimacy of the nation-state and seeks to transcend the binaries that often otherize and separate. This political theology, it is suggested, should have a pan-African and cosmopolitan vision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cette recherche vise l'étude des relations entre le style d'attachement, le soutien social, la symptomatologie psychotraumatique et le fonctionnement global chez des individus franco-ontariens aux prises avec un TSPT. Cent individus ayant un TSPT ont été recrutés dans une clinique externe de psychiatrie. Les données ont démontré qu'il ne semble pas y avoir d'effet combiné du style d'attachement et du type de soutien social sur la symptomatologie psychotraumatique et le fonctionnement global. Il semblerait toutefois qu'un style d'attachement sécure serait en lien avec une moins grande symptomatologie psychotraumatique et un niveau global de fonctionnement plus élevé. De même, il semblerait qu'une quantité adéquate/élevée de soutien social soit en lien avec une moins grande symptomatologie psychotraumatique et un meilleur niveau global de fonctionnement. Une qualité adéquate/élevée de soutien social serait également associée à une symptomatologie psychotraumatique moindre et à un meilleur niveau global de fonctionnement. Finalement et en considération d'une combinaison quantité et qualité du soutien social, il semblerait que le caractère qualitatif du soutien social soit minimalement nécessaire pour favoriser une plus faible symptomatologie psychotraumatique alors que le caractère quantitatif du soutien social serait minimalement nécessaire pour assurer un meilleur niveau global de fonctionnement. En plus de leurs aspects novateurs, les résultats de cette étude viennent confirmer l'hétérogénéité de la population aux prises avec un TSPT et ouvrent la voie à une prise en charge psychothérapeutique bonifiée. This research aims to study the relationship between attachment style, social support, psychotraumatic symptomatology and overall functioning in Franco-Ontarians with PTSD. One hundred individuals with PTSD were recruited from an outpatient psychiatric clinic. The data demonstrated that there does not appear to be a combined effect of attachment style and social support type on psychotraumatic symptomatology and overall functioning. It would seem, however, that a secure attachment style is associated with less psychotraumatic symptomatology and a higher overall level of functioning. Similarly, it would appear that an adequate/high level of social support is associated with less psychotraumatic symptomatology and a better overall level of functioning. Adequate/high quality of social support would also be associated with lower psychotraumatic symptomatology and a better overall level of functioning. Finally, and considering a combination of quantity and quality of social support, it seems that the qualitative character of social support is minimally necessary to promote a weaker psychotraumatic symptomatology, whereas the quantitative nature of social support would be minimally necessary to ensure a better level of social support overall operation. In addition to their innovative aspects, the results of this study confirm the heterogeneity of the population with PTSD and pave the way for enhanced psychotherapeutic management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Francophones", "francographes", "francophiles", "francophobes"... What an extraordinary word-formation richness! Not to mention similar words, more complicated and difficult to translate: "francology" (scientific discipline), "francité" ("frenchness"), "francogène" ("of francophone origin"). Although they all contain the same prefix "franco-", all these concepts introduce a sense of inconsistency: for some of them refer to the world of francophony, while others are closely related only to France or its inhabitants. Why? Is it correct and fair? What good/bad comes from this confusion? This is an issue that the author ponders on, without giving obvious answers, but rather provoking to pose further disturbing questions about the identity of contemporary and future francophony. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with Sylviane Dupuis, a former lecturer at the University of Geneva, is presented. Topics include the marginalized position of Swiss Francophone literature, its intertwined relationship with biblical intertexts, and the recurring influence of the Bible despite the authors' often secular stance. It mentions Dupuis delves into the historical and cultural aspects of the Swiss Romande literary tradition, emphasizing its unique narrative style shaped by biblical references.