183 results on '"FLANDIN, Simon"'
Search Results
2. Resilience training for critical situation management. An umbrella and a systematic literature review
- Author
-
Ketelaars, Elleke, Gaudin, Cyrille, Flandin, Simon, and Poizat, Germain
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Training design fostering the emergence of new meanings toward unprecedented and critical events
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Salini, Deli, Drakos, Artémis, and Poizat, Germain
- Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction - Abstract
Our research is part of a technological research program in adult education conducted in reference to the "course of action" program. Using the activity-sign hypothesis of this programme, training situations are thought as opportunities to perturb/relaunch the participants'dynamics of meaning. Our contribution aims to (i) improve the conceptualization of training situations that are thought as aids to the understanding and transformation of the participants situations, and (ii) derive cross-cutting design principles that allow the enactment of these training situations in different contexts. We rely on the analysis of training programs aiming either at the management or at the overcoming of events experienced as unprecedented and critical by the individuals concerned. Depending on the case, these training programs have a "restorative" aim (resolving of impasse situations), or have a "preparatory" aim (prefiguration of crisis situations). The design principles of these training programs and their effects are analysed with the conceptual tools developed within the course-of-action, integrating two additional dimensions: fictional and event-driven. The conditions for the emergence of new meanings are described in terms of abduction, either for reparative purposes (resolution of deadlock situations) or for preparatory purposes (prefiguration of crisis situations). The contribution to course-of-action program and to research on adult education is discussed through the prism of the hypothesis of activity-sign., Comment: @ctivit{\'e}s, Association Recherches et Pratiques sur les ACTivit{\'e}s, A para{\^i}tre, in French
- Published
- 2020
4. An Introduction to Simulation Training Simulation training Through the Lens of Experience Experiences and Activity Analysis Activity analysis
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Vidal-Gomel, Christine, Ortega, Raquel Becerril, Billett, Stephen, Series Editor, Harteis, Christian, Series Editor, Gruber, Hans, Series Editor, Flandin, Simon, editor, Vidal-Gomel, Christine, editor, and Becerril Ortega, Raquel, editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Four Lines of Analysis for Civil Security Crisis Simulations: Insights for Training Design
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Billett, Stephen, Series Editor, Harteis, Christian, Series Editor, Gruber, Hans, Series Editor, Flandin, Simon, editor, Vidal-Gomel, Christine, editor, and Becerril Ortega, Raquel, editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. One fidelity fits all? How civil protection simulations afford (or not) improvement opportunities for novice and occasional crisis managers
- Author
-
Ketelaars, Elleke, Flandin, Simon, and Poizat, Germain
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Simulation Training through the Lens of Experience and Activity Analysis: Healthcare, Victim Rescue and Population Protection. Professional and Practice-Based Learning. Volume 30
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Vidal-Gomel, Christine, Becerril Ortega, Raquel, Flandin, Simon, Vidal-Gomel, Christine, and Becerril Ortega, Raquel
- Abstract
This book offers various ways in which analyzing professional experience and activity in simulation training makes it possible to describe practice-based learning affordances and processes. Research has been conducted in various simulation programs in the domains of healthcare, victim rescue and population protection, involving healthcare workers, firemen, policemen, servicemen, and civil security leaders. "Work-as-done" (/ "training-as-done") in simulation has been analyzed with ergonomics, occupational psychology, and vocational training approaches. The authors describe and discuss theoretical, methodological, and/or practical issues related to practitioner experience and activity in simulation training. The book also provides evidence on the conditions under which lived experience in simulation can foster or hinder learning, and derives appropriate orientations for simulation design and implementation.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. From Exploration to Re-Enactment: Instructional Uses of a Desktop Virtual Environment for Training Nuclear Plant Field Operators
- Author
-
Drakos, Artémis, Flandin, Simon, Filippi, Geneviève, Palaci, François, Veyrunes, Philippe, and Poizat, Germain
- Abstract
Despite the growing use of virtual environments for training in complex industrial settings, we have little understanding of how these innovative settings transform training and trainers everyday work. This study investigates the instructional use of an industrial building's virtual environment by expert trainers during a training session for nuclear power plant field operators. Drawing from the course-of-action theoretical and methodological framework, field notes, continuous video-recording of the training sessions and verbalisations during post-training self-confrontation interviews with the trainers were collected and analysed. The results point out four typical instructional uses of the virtual environment in authentic settings: (a) showing the material elements and spatial layout of certain areas of the reactor building, (b) displaying safe and typical paths through the building, (c) explaining functional aspects to help trainees develop an operating model of the nuclear building, and (d) sharing salient experience through real-life anecdotes. These typical uses and their related learning dimensions are anchored in the re-enactments of expert trainer's embodied past events. The discussion develops the counterintuitive idea that from an instructional point of view, the intensified immersion of trainers afforded by the virtual environment seems less influential than emerging practice-based learning experiences. We conclude with new possibilities for improving learning "through" and "for" work thanks to re-enactment of expert trainers' past work practices.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Negotiating Safety by Movements: Articulation, Alignment and Separation between Train Driving and Railway Traffic Controlling Activities.
- Author
-
De Longueval, Oriane Sitte, Flandin, Simon, and Poizat, Germain
- Subjects
FREIGHT & freightage ,TRAFFIC engineering ,SYSTEM safety ,ORGANIZATION management ,NEGOTIATION - Abstract
Copyright of M@n@gement is the property of AIMS - Association Internationale de Management Strategique and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Studying how trainee teachers use an online learning environment: resituating interviews supported by digital traces
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Auby, Marine, and Ria, Luc
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society - Abstract
This article is an empirical contribution to the field of educational technology but also - and above all - a methodological contribution to the analysis of the activities enacted in this field. It takes account of a pilot study conducted within the framework of doctoral research and consisted in describing, analysing and modelling the activity of a trainee teacher in a situation of autonomous use of a video-based digital learning environment (DLE). We were particularly careful to describe the method in great detail. Two types of data were collected and processed within the framework of "course-of-action": (i)activity observation data (dynamic screen capture) and (ii) data from resituating interviews supported by digital traces of that activity. The findings (i) validate the method's relevance in relation to the object and issues of the research, (ii)show different levels of organization in the activity deployed in the situation of use, (iii) highlight four registers of concerns orienting use of the DLE. We conclude from a perspective of educational technology, by discussing how, according to certain conditions and different time scales, the findings inform a process of continuous DLE design.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. What are teachers interested in toward educational examples? A study of trainees' use of video-enhanced resources
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Auby, Marine, and Ria, Luc
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society - Abstract
This article reports on a case study on teachers' video-enhanced education. Considering the fact that video exemplification is a thriving practice in the field although there is little consensus in the literature regarding its instructional issues, it seems appropriate to focus on the activity carried out by teachers in video-enhanced devices in order to identify promising characteristics (nature of the examples, types of associations between them, documentation methods, organization and scenarization, etc.). This study involved six trainees who used, during two sessions of 45 minutes, a digital device based on a " pedagogy of typical professional paths " (Durand, 2014; Ria \& Leblanc, 2011). The goal was to better understand their use of video exemplification and sense-making. The results indicate that student teachers (i) preferentially target resources about "economic rules"; (ii) plebiscite classroom situations, always consulted; (iii) are particularly interested (even if they are sometimes disappointed) in the experts' testimonies; (iv) initially show a distrust toward resources assumed to be theoretical; (v) get gradually interested in these resources during the second session. We conclude with several empirical and technological prospects for the design of video-enhanced devices for teacher induction., Comment: in French
- Published
- 2016
12. An Introduction to Simulation Training Through the Lens of Experience and Activity Analysis
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, primary, Vidal-Gomel, Christine, additional, and Ortega, Raquel Becerril, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. L'activité réflexive des agents de terrain lors d'un dispositif de formation hybride qui intègre de la réalité virtuelle.
- Author
-
Drakos, Artémis, Theureau, Jacques, Filippi, Geneviève, Flandin, Simon, and Poizat, Germain
- Abstract
Copyright of Activités is the property of ARPACT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
14. De l’activité à l’expérience
- Author
-
Récopé, Michel, primary, Héros, Stéphane, additional, Boyer, Simon, additional, Flandin, Simon, additional, and Rix-Lièvre, Géraldine, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Comprendre l’activité de formateurs en situation de handicap dans une visée de formation
- Author
-
Beaud, Léa, primary, Flandin, Simon, additional, and Filliettaz, Laurent, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Improving resilience in high-risk organizations: principles for the design of innovative training situations
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Poizat, Germain, and Durand, Marc
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Author’s reply to the commentaries: Clearing up misunderstandings about the course-of-experience framework and laying the groundwork for future discussions
- Author
-
Poizat, Germain, primary, Flandin, Simon, additional, and Theureau, Jacques, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Proactivité et réactivité: deux orientations pour concevoir des dispositifs visant le développement de la sécurité industrielle par la formation
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, primary, Poizat, Germain, additional, and Perinet, Romuald, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Chapitre 2. Qu’apprennent les enseignants novices de l’observation de leurs pairs et comment l’apprennent-ils ? Une étude de cas
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, primary and Ria, Luc, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Vidéo-formation et développement de l'activité professionnelle enseignante
- Author
-
Gaudin, Cyrille, primary, Moussay, Sylvie, additional, Chaliès, Sébastien, additional, and Flandin, Simon, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Présentation des auteurs
- Author
-
Gaudin, Cyrille, primary, Flandin, Simon, additional, Moussay, Sylvie, additional, and Chaliès, Sébastien, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Conclusion. Un projet conjoint recherche-formation pour penser l’usage de la vidéo
- Author
-
Gaudin, Cyrille, primary and Flandin, Simon, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Introduction. Une approche technologique de la recherche sur la vidéo-formation
- Author
-
Gaudin, Cyrille, primary and Flandin, Simon, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Chapitre 1. Une approche sémiologique de l’activité et de la vidéo-formation : repères théoriques
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, primary, Leblanc, Serge, additional, Muller, Alain, additional, Roche, Lionel, additional, Blanes Maestre, Céline, additional, Gal-Petitfaux, Nathalie, additional, Lussi Borer, Valérie, additional, and Ria, Luc, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Referentiality in Secondary Teachers' Video Observation of Others' Teaching
- Author
-
Lussi Borer, Valérie, Flandin, Simon, and Muller, Alain
- Abstract
This article presents a study of individual video-based educational sessions with secondary trainee teachers (N = 30) observing others' teaching. Within a Peircian semiotic framework, the study was designed to deepen the researchers' understanding of video-enhanced experience in educational settings beyond the usual research areas of noticing, interpreting and reflecting. Facilitated think-aloud protocols were used, the trainees' verbalizations were transcribed and the data were coded using semiotic schemes. The analysis revealed eight referentiality items jointly underlying the teachers' activities of description, interpretation, and evaluation while video observing. The results suggest the need to acknowledge the dimension of referentiality in video observation as a legitimate object of research, instructional design, and facilitation in the field of teacher video-enhanced education, especially during the induction period.
- Published
- 2018
26. Contribuer à la sécurité industrielle «par le facteur humain»: un regard pour aider à (re)penser la formation
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, primary, Poizat, Germain, additional, and Perinet, Romuald, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Encadrer en environnements extrêmes : une étude de la part inobservable de l’activité d’élèves-officiers lors de stages d’aguerrissement
- Author
-
de Bisschop, Hervé, primary, Flandin, Simon, additional, and Guérin, Jérôme, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. A micro-phenomenological and semiotic approach to cognition in practice: a path toward an integrative approach to studying cognition-in-the-world and from within.
- Author
-
Poizat, Germain, Flandin, Simon, and Theureau, Jacques
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. A micro-phenomenological and semiotic approach to cognition in practice: a path toward an integrative approach to studying cognition-in-the-world and from within
- Author
-
Poizat, Germain, primary, Flandin, Simon, additional, and Theureau, Jacques, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Proactivity and reactivity: two approaches to the design of professional development activities for industrial safety
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Poizat, Germain, Perinet, Romuald, Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), Université de Genève (UNIGE), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), FAPSE, Fondation pour une Culture de Sécurité Industrielle, FOResilience, and Flandin, Simon
- Subjects
[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education - Abstract
In a world exposed to uncertainty and upsets, the development of organizational resilience is often proposed to improve performance. Intended as a complement – but also sometimes as a counterpoint – to management approaches based on anticipation and preparedness, resilience- based approaches aim to improve the ability of professionals to react in an opportune manner to extraordinary and unexpected situations. Despite increasing interest for this change in paradigm, few concrete case studies have been documented. The work presented in this document explores the possibilities offered by new training modalities, for and using resilience, which aim to improve the ability of professionals to produce safety in work situations. The work is part of a research project called FOResilience, led by Simon Flandin and Germain Poizat at the University of Geneva, which was partially funded by the FonCSI. Three characteristics of the authors’ approach are worth emphasizing: They adopt a broad definition of “training”, which includes professional development activities and organizational interventions, with a particular interest for methods that differ from classical classroom-based training, such as crisis exercises, discussion forums, coaching, and collective analysis of work situations. They are more interested in activities and methods that develop professionals’ ability to interpret ambiguous situations and to act and cooperate in unexpected or critical situations, than in activities that promote a quasi-mechanical execution of a procedure or deployment of a pre-established plan. They see safety a sresulting as much from the daily work activities that develop profes- sionals’ ability to act in appropriate ways in a constantly evolving context, as from the initial safe system design and careful implementation of operating procedures that cover all possible situations. Two families of training/intervention methods are analyzed: Methods that develop proactivity in routine situations, the daily activities that create conditions which are favourable to safe operations. These include different forms of discussion between professionals that aim to improve the shared understanding of goal conflicts, of the decisions and compromises made, the difficulties encountered (such as procedures that are inappropriate in certain situations) and improvement opportunities. Methods that encourage reactivity in extraordinary or critical situations and the ability to bounce back after a critical organizational upset. These include various simulation- based methods, such as crisis exercises, though designed to improve the ability of profes- sionals to make sense of and react in appropriate ways to unexpected events, rather than the classical objective of exercises to check correct execution of a predefined plan., Dans un monde exposé à l’incertitude et aux bouleversements, le développement de la résilience des organisations est souvent évoqué comme piste d’amélioration de la performance. Conçue comme un complément — mais aussi parfois comme un contre-pied — aux approches de gestion basées sur l’anticipation et la préparation, le développement de la résilience vise à améliorer la capacité des acteurs à réagir de façon opportune à des situations qui sortent du cadre habituel de fonctionnement. Malgré l’intérêt croissant pour ce changement de paradigme, peu de cas concrets de mise en œuvre et d’analyse des effets ont été documentés.Le travail présenté dans ce document est tiré du projet de recherche FORésilience, piloté par Simon Flandin et Germain Poizat de l’Université de Genève, et financé par la Foncsi. La recherche a été effectuée dans deux principaux domaines : la sécurité dans une industrie à risque et la gestion interprofessionnelle d’un événement de sécurité majeur. Les auteurs explorent les effets de principes prometteurs pour des formations dites « à et par » la résilience, qui visent à améliorer la capacité de professionnels à assurer et rétablir la sécurité. Trois éléments de leur positionnement sont à souligner :Ils s’intéressent à la « formation » au sens large, incluant tous les dispositifs de développement des compétences et du professionnalisme des intervenants, avec une attention particulière pour ceux qui s’éloignent du modèle classique (et quasi-scolaire) de formation en salle : exercices de crise, séminaires d’échange et de partage, coaching, interventions organisationnelles.Ils s’intéressent davantage aux activités et dispositifs qui développent la capacité des professionnels à interpréter une situation ambiguë, à agir et coopérer dans des situations imprévues ou critiques, qu’aux activités visant le suivi quasi-mécanique d’une procédure prescrite ou le déroulement d’un plan pré-établi.Ils considèrent la sécurité comme résultant autant d’un travail quotidien de développement des capacités à agir de façon pertinente dans un contexte en constante évolution, que de la conception initiale d’un système technique sûr et d’un ensemble de prescriptions couvrant toutes les situations possibles.Deux familles de dispositifs de formation/intervention sont analysées :Ceux qui développent la proactivité en situation ordinaire, c’est-à-dire les activités quotidiennes qui créent des conditions favorables au bon fonctionnement. Il s’agit de différentes formes d’échange entre les professionnels visant une meilleure compréhension partagée des conflits entre objectifs, des arbitrages rendus, des difficultés rencontrées (par exemple des procédures peu adaptées à certaines situations) et des possibilités d’amélioration.Ceux qui favorisent la réactivité en situation extraordinaire et critique, c’est-à- dire la capacité de rebond suite à une déstabilisation organisationnelle critique. Il s’agit principalement d’approches basées sur la simulation, comme les exercices de crise, mais utilisées dans l’intention d’améliorer la capacité des professionnels à assurer une sécurité gérée, plutôt que l’utilisation classique des exercices pour vérifier le bon déroulement de plans (amélioration de la composante réglée de la sécurité).
- Published
- 2021
31. Méthode de remise en situation à partir de traces artificielles
- Author
-
Drakos, Artémis, Filippi, Geneviève, Flandin, Simon, Palaci, François, Poizat, Germain, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), Conception Recherche Activité Formation Travail (CRAFT), Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), CRAFT, EDF, and Flandin, Simon
- Subjects
narrative ,[INFO.EIAH] Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,méthode de remise en situation ,récit ,[INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,[INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,artificial traces ,Method of re-situating ,navigation ,traces artificielles - Abstract
This paper questions how virtual reality tools can contribute to the construction of tools and methods for the ergonomist, particularly situational interviews. These virtual environments offer, under certain conditions, an immersion and a feeling of presence, which opens up possibilities concerning the construction of data on activity in unobservable situations. These possibilities are related to the affordances of these tools and through this study we examine in particular that of spherical photos (360°). This contribution reports on a method that was tested when a training facility was set up to encourage newly qualified young field operators to take a reflexive look at their professional practices. The results of the comprehensive analysis of their activity highlighted elements on the power of this situation to be put back into a dynamic situation. This method of re-situating from artificial traces, consists in proposing to the actor to tell a significant, meaningful episode that he has experienced, by navigating in a virtual environment representing the authentic environment in which he lived this episode. In conclusion, we discuss the contributions and limitations of this method as well as the possibilities for its implementation., Cette communication questionne la façon dont des outils de réalité virtuelle peuvent contribuer à l’élaboration d’outils et méthodes pour l’ergonome, particulièrement les entretiens de remise en situation. Ces environnements virtuels offrent, sous certaines conditions, une immersion et un sentiment de présence, qui ouvrent des possibilités concernant la construction de données sur l’activité en situations non observables. Ces possibles sont en lien notamment avec les affordances de ces outils et au travers de cette étude nous examinons notamment celui des photos sphériques (360°).Notre contribution rend compte de l’essai d’une méthode mise à l’épreuve à l’occasion de la mise en place d’un dispositif de formation qui consiste à susciter de la part de jeunes agents de terrain nouvellement habilités un regard réflexif sur leurs pratiques professionnelles. Les résultats de l’analyse compréhensive de leur activité ont mis en lumière des éléments sur le pouvoir de remise en situation dynamique de cette situation. Cette méthode de remise en situation à partir de traces artificielles, consiste à proposer à l’acteur de raconter un épisode marquant, significatif qu’il a vécu, en navigant dans un environnement virtuel représentant l’environnement authentique dans lequel il a vécu cet épisode. En guise de conclusion nous discutons des apports et limites de cette méthode ainsi que des pistes pour sa mise en œuvre.
- Published
- 2021
32. Former à (ré)agir dans des situations impensées : le cas d’un exercice de crise « hors cadre » en contexte industriel
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Poizat, Germain, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Fondation pour une Culture de Sécurité Industrielle (Contrat de recherche AO-2017-02), Revue Activités, FOResilience : Transformations des activités et des organisations pour la sécurité industrielle - vers des propositions de formation à et par la résilience, and Flandin, Simon
- Subjects
education ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,decision making and risk assessment ,training and safety programmes ,experience and practice ,attention ,time sharing and resource allocation - Abstract
The design of crisis exercises generally consists in scripting and simulating degradation dynamics in order to test the capacity of organizations and operators to produce the necessary adjustments to recover stability. We studied unconventional type of exercise on a gas storage site, based on a problem not listed by the organization. Our analysis concludes that exercises with a strong unexpected or even unplanned component tend to create opportunities for participants to (i) anticipate new situations, resources and solutions, (ii) extend their understanding (all possible meanings for them), or even (iii) develop their sensemaking ability. We will discuss the conditions under which formation can in this way cultivate dispositions to act in unthought-out situations (creation and reorganization of knowledge, capacity for bouncing back, etc.)., La conception des exercices de crise consiste généralement à scénariser et simuler des dynamiques de dégradations afin de tester la capacité des organisations et des acteurs à produire les ajustements nécessaires au recouvrement d’une stabilité. Nous avons étudié sur un site de stockage de gaz un type d’exercice non conventionnel, basé sur un problème non répertorié par l’organisation. Notre analyse conclut que les exercices à forte composante inattendue voire impensée tendent à faire émerger pour les participants des occasions (i) de se préfigurer des situations, ressources, et solutions inédites, (ii) d'étendre leur entendement (ensemble des significations possibles pour eux), voire (iii) de développer leur capacité à faire émerger des significations nouvelles (« sensemaking »). Nous discutons des conditions auxquelles la formation peut de cette façon cultiver des dispositions à agir en situation impensée (création et réorganisation de connaissances, capacité de rebond, etc.).
- Published
- 2021
33. Vidéoformation « orientée-activité » : quelles utilisations pour quels effets sur les enseignants ?
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, primary, Leblanc, Serge, additional, and Muller, Alain, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Concevoir des formations facilitant l’émergence de nouvelles significations face à des évènements inédits et critiques: Dossier Cours d’action
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Salini, Deli, Drakos, Artemis, and Poizat, Germain
- Abstract
Notre recherche s’inscrit dans un programme de recherche technologique en formation des adultes conduit en référence au programme du « cours d’action » (Theureau, 2006, 2009, 2015). À partir de l’hypothèse d’activité-signe inscrite dans ce programme, nous concevons les formations comme des occasions de perturbation et/ou relance de la dynamique de signification des participant-es. Cette contribution a pour buts (i) de faire avancer la conceptualisation de formations conçues comme des aides aux participant-es pour la compréhension et la transformation de leur activité, et (ii) d’élaborer des principes de conception transversaux qui permettent la mise en œuvre de ces formations dans différents contextes. Nous nous appuyons sur l’analyse de formations visant soit la gestion, soit le dépassement d’évènements vécus comme inédits et critiques par les individus concernés. Il s’agit, selon le cas, de formations ayant une visée « réparatrice » de situations vécues comme traumatisantes et/ou sclérosantes, ou ayant une visée « préparatrice » à des situations imprévues et pouvant avoir des conséquences majeures. À travers le concept d’abduction, les conditions d’émergence de nouvelles significations sont décrites, soit à des fins « réparatrices » (dénouement de situations d’impasse), soit à des fins « préparatrices » (préfiguration de situations de crise). Les principes de conception de ces formations et leurs effets sont analysés à l’aide des outils conceptuels du cours d’action, en intégrant deux dimensions supplémentaires : fictionnelle et événementielle. La contribution au programme du cours d’action et à la recherche en formation est discutée en fin d’article au prisme de l’hypothèse d’activité‑signe. Our research is part of a technological research program in adult education conducted in relation to the “course of action” program. Using the activity-sign hypothesis of this program, training situations are viewed as opportunities to perturb/relaunch the participants’ dynamics of meaning. Our contribution aims to (i) improve the conceptualization of training situations that are designed as aids to the understanding and transformation of the participants’ situations, and (ii) derive cross-cutting design principles that allow the enactment of these training situations in different contexts. We rely on the analysis of training programs aimed either at the management or at overcoming events experienced as unprecedented and critical by the individuals concerned. Depending on the case, these training programs have a “restorative” aim (resolving impasse situations), or have a “preparatory” aim (prefiguration of crisis situations). The design principles of these training programs and their effects are analyzed with the conceptual tools developed within the course-of-action, integrating two additional dimensions: fictional and event-driven. The conditions for the emergence of new meanings are described in terms of abduction, either for reparative purposes (resolution of deadlock situations) or for preparatory purposes (prefiguration of crisis situations). The contribution to the course-of-action program and to research on adult education is discussed through the prism of the hypothesis of activity‑sign.
- Published
- 2021
35. Concevoir des formations facilitant l'émergence de nouvelles significations face à des évènements inédits et critiques : Dossier Cours d'action = Training design fostering the emergence of new meanings in relation to unprecedented and critical events
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Salini, Deli, Drakos, Artemis, and Poizat, Germain
- Subjects
activité-signe ,design-based research ,formation ,abduction ,programme de recherche technologique adult education ,activity-sign ,impasse - Abstract
Résumé Notre recherche s’inscrit dans un programme de recherche technologique en formation des adultes conduit en référence au programme du « cours d’action » (Theureau, 2006, 2009, 2015). À partir de l’hypothèse d’activité-signe inscrite dans ce programme, nous concevons les formations comme des occasions de perturbation et/ou relance de la dynamique de signification des participant-es. Cette contribution a pour buts (i) de faire avancer la conceptualisation de formations conçues comme des aides aux participant-es pour la compréhension et la transformation de leur activité, et (ii) d’élaborer des principes de conception transversaux qui permettent la mise en œuvre de ces formations dans différents contextes. Nous nous appuyons sur l’analyse de formations visant soit la gestion, soit le dépassement d’évènements vécus comme inédits et critiques par les individus concernés. Il s’agit, selon le cas, de formations ayant une visée « réparatrice » de situations vécues comme traumatisantes et/ou sclérosantes, ou ayant une visée « préparatrice » à des situations imprévues et pouvant avoir des conséquences majeures. À travers le concept d’abduction, les conditions d’émergence de nouvelles significations sont décrites, soit à des fins « réparatrices » (dénouement de situations d’impasse), soit à des fins « préparatrices » (préfiguration de situations de crise). Les principes de conception de ces formations et leurs effets sont analysés à l’aide des outils conceptuels du cours d’action, en intégrant deux dimensions supplémentaires : fictionnelle et événementielle. La contribution au programme du cours d’action et à la recherche en formation est discutée en fin d’article au prisme de l’hypothèse d’activité‑signe. Summary Our research is part of a technological research program in adult education conducted in relation to the “course of action” program. Using the activity-sign hypothesis of this program, training situations are viewed as opportunities to perturb/relaunch the participants’ dynamics of meaning. Our contribution aims to (i) improve the conceptualization of training situations that are designed as aids to the understanding and transformation of the participants’ situations, and (ii) derive cross-cutting design principles that allow the enactment of these training situations in different contexts. We rely on the analysis of training programs aimed either at the management or at overcoming events experienced as unprecedented and critical by the individuals concerned. Depending on the case, these training programs have a “restorative” aim (resolving impasse situations), or have a “preparatory” aim (prefiguration of crisis situations). The design principles of these training programs and their effects are analyzed with the conceptual tools developed within the course-of-action, integrating two additional dimensions: fictional and event-driven. The conditions for the emergence of new meanings are described in terms of abduction, either for reparative purposes (resolution of deadlock situations) or for preparatory purposes (prefiguration of crisis situations). The contribution to the course-of-action program and to research on adult education is discussed through the prism of the hypothesis of activity‑sign.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. From a high-fidelity ideal to a 'good enough' simulation: the example of crisis management preparedness in civil safety
- Author
-
Ketelaars, Elleke, Flandin, Simon, Ketelaars, Elleke, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), Conception Recherche Activité Formation Travail (CRAFT), and Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE)
- Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science ,education ,decision making and risk assessment ,experience and practice ,[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,[SCCO] Cognitive science ,training and safety programs ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,attention ,time sharing and resource allocation - Abstract
International audience; This paper questions the concept and ideal of high-fidelity, on which crisis simulations are often based, and aims to show how so-called "low-fidelity" simulations can offer learning and development opportunities, particularly for professionals not familiar with crisis management. Conducted within the framework of the course-of-action (Theureau, 2010), our study consisted in analysing the lived experience of municipal officials in prototypical "low-fidelity" simulations (e.g., test of the municipal emergency plan). We identified four conditions favourable to learning and development that contribute to the emergence of a "space of immersed reflexivity" in simulation. Finally, we are contributing to a technological research program in training (Durand, 2008) by defining an original way of thinking about simulations: the "good enough" simulation.
- Published
- 2021
37. Conceção de formações que facilitem o surgimento de novos significados face a acontecimentos inéditos e críticos
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Salini, Deli, Drakos, Artemis, and Poizat, Germain
- Subjects
activité-signe ,programa de investigación tecnológica ,training ,abducción ,formation ,abduction ,activity-sign ,formação ,atividade-sinal ,technological research program ,programme de recherche technologique ,formación ,actividad-signo ,programa de investigação tecnológica ,abdução ,impasse - Abstract
A nossa investigação encara os cursos de formação como oportunidades para perturbar e/ou re-energizar a dinâmica de significado para os participantes. Os objetivos desta contribuição são (i) fazer avançar a conceptualização das formações concebidas como ajudas para os participantes na compreensão e transformação da sua atividade, e (ii) desenvolver princípios transversais de conceção que permitam a implementação destas formações em diferentes contextos. Contamos com a análise dos cursos de formação destinados a gerir ou superar acontecimentos experimentados como novos e críticos pelos indivíduos em causa. Os princípios de conceção destas formações e os seus efeitos são analisados utilizando as ferramentas conceptuais do curso de ação, integrando duas dimensões adicionais: ficcional e baseada em eventos. A contribuição para o programa do curso de ação e para a investigação em formação é discutida no final do artigo através do prisma da hipótese da atividade-sinal. In this research, training situations are thought as opportunities to perturb/relaunch the participants’ dynamics of meaning. Our contribution aims to (i) improve the conceptualization of training situations that are thought as aids to the understanding and transformation of the participants situations, and (ii) derive cross-cutting design principles that allow the enactment of these training situations in different contexts. We rely on the analysis of training programs aiming at either the management or the overcoming of events experienced as unprecedented and critical by the individuals at stake. The design principles of these training programs and their effects are analyzed with the conceptual tools developed within the course-of-action, integrating two additional dimensions: fictional and event-driven. The contribution to course-of-action program and to research on adult education is discussed through the perspective of the hypothesis of activity-sign. Notre recherche pense les formations comme des occasions de perturbation et/ou relance de la dynamique de signification des participant-es. Cette contribution a pour buts (i) de faire avancer la conceptualisation de formations conçues comme des aides aux participant-es pour la compréhension et la transformation de leur activité, et (ii) d’élaborer des principes de conception transversaux qui permettent la mise en œuvre de ces formations dans différents contextes. Nous nous appuyons sur l’analyse de formations visant soit la gestion, soit le dépassement d’évènements vécus comme inédits et critiques par les individus concernés. Les principes de conception de ces formations et leurs effets sont analysés à l’aide des outils conceptuels du cours d’action, en intégrant deux dimensions supplémentaires: fictionnelle et événementielle. La contribution au programme du cours d’action et à la recherche en formation est discutée en fin d’article au prisme de l’hypothèse d’activité-signe. Nuestra investigación considera las formaciones como ocasiones de perturbación y/o reanudación de la dinámica de significación de los y las participantes. La presente contribución tiene por objeto (i) producir un avance en la conceptualización de las formaciones, concebidas como ayudas a los y las participantes para comprender y transformar su actividad y (ii) elaborar principios de diseño transversales que permitan implementar tales formaciones en diferentes contextos. Nos basamos en el análisis de las formaciones que apuntan ya sea a la gestión, ya sea a la superación de eventos vividos como inéditos y críticos por los individuos en cuestión. Los principios de diseño de tales formaciones y sus efectos son analizados con la ayuda de herramientas conceptuales del curso de acción, incorporando dos dimensiones suplementarias: ficcional y “eventual”. La contribución del presente artículo al programa curso de acción y a la investigación en materia de formación es discutida en la parte final, bajo el prisma de la hipótesis de la actividad-signo.
- Published
- 2020
38. Analyse du travail pour la formation : essai sur quatre problèmes méthodologiques et le recours à des synopsis d'activité
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Ria, Luc, Perinet, Romuald, Poizat, Germain, Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Article issu d'une recherche en partie financée par la Fondation pour une Culture de Sécurité Industrielle., Flandin, Simon, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
- Subjects
Analyse du travail ,[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,Conception de formation ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,Formation des adultes ,Recherche technologique ,Synopsis d’activité - Abstract
International audience; Cet essai se propose d’examiner quatre problèmes méthodologiques qui se posent fréquemment aux intervenants engagés dans une intervention « ordinaire » d’analyse du travail pour la conception d’une formation : (i) acceptabilité et (ii) disponibilité limitées des acteurs vis-à-vis des modalités d’intervention, (iii) multiplicité des acteurs participant au travail et des situations à analyser, et (iv) distribution de l’activité dans différents espaces et différentes temporalités. Ces quatre problèmes sont analysés et des propositions méthodologiques pour les résoudre sont émises et étayées à partir du concept de synopsis d’activité, envisagés comme des objets intermédiaires utiles à l’articulation entre analyse du travail et conception de formation. Nous déclinons et exemplifions ces synopsis d’activité sous deux formes : la chronique photographique, utilisée pour la conception d’un exercice de crise sur un site industriel, et le corpus mosaïque, utilisé pour la conception d’une formation de chefs d’établissements scolaires. En conclusion sont interrogées la nature et la fonction des ateliers méthodologiques mis en œuvre pour analyser le travail à des fins de formation, ainsi que la nature des traces d’activité recueillies ou produites.
- Published
- 2019
39. Concevoir des formations facilitant l’émergence de nouvelles significations face à des évènements inédits et critiques
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, primary, Salini, Deli, additional, Drakos, Artemis, additional, and Poizat, Germain, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Concevoir des formations facilitant l'émergence de nouvelles significations face à des évènements inédits et critiques
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Salini, Deli, Drakos, Artémis, Poizat, Germain, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Istituto Universitario Federale per la Formazione Professionale Lugano (IUFFP Lugano), Conception Recherche Activité Formation Travail (CRAFT), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF), and Recherche en partie financée par la Fondation pour une Culture de Sécurité Industrielle (FONCSI) - Contrat de recherche n°AO-2017-02
- Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences ,design-based research ,activité-signe ,programme de recherche technologique ,[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,formation ,Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction ,abduction ,activity-sign ,adult education ,Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC) ,impasse - Abstract
Our research is part of a technological research program in adult education conducted in reference to the "course of action" program. Using the activity-sign hypothesis of this programme, training situations are thought as opportunities to perturb/relaunch the participants'dynamics of meaning. Our contribution aims to (i) improve the conceptualization of training situations that are thought as aids to the understanding and transformation of the participants situations, and (ii) derive cross-cutting design principles that allow the enactment of these training situations in different contexts. We rely on the analysis of training programs aiming either at the management or at the overcoming of events experienced as unprecedented and critical by the individuals concerned. Depending on the case, these training programs have a "restorative" aim (resolving of impasse situations), or have a "preparatory" aim (prefiguration of crisis situations). The design principles of these training programs and their effects are analysed with the conceptual tools developed within the course-of-action, integrating two additional dimensions: fictional and event-driven. The conditions for the emergence of new meanings are described in terms of abduction, either for reparative purposes (resolution of deadlock situations) or for preparatory purposes (prefiguration of crisis situations). The contribution to course-of-action program and to research on adult education is discussed through the prism of the hypothesis of activity-sign., Comment: @ctivit{\'e}s, Association Recherches et Pratiques sur les ACTivit{\'e}s, A para{\^i}tre, in French
- Published
- 2020
41. Training design fostering the emergence of new meanings toward unprecedented and critical events
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, primary, Salini, Deli, additional, Drakos, Artemis, additional, and Poizat, Germain, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. How do perturbation training contribute to safety? The unexpected and the unthought as means to design perturbations in safety training
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Poizat, Germain, Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), FONCSI, Flandin, Simon, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
- Subjects
safety ,[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,sensemaking ,[INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,enaction ,perturbation training - Abstract
International audience; Perturbation is a training design principle that consists in disrupting standard workflow with the introduction of a significant event. Mostly used in safety-concerned organizations, it is quite widespread in practices like crisis exercises, but weakly theorized in an educational perspective. Extending Weick’s descriptive theory (1995), perturbation should be aimed at developing the trained actors’ ability to make sense under uncertain conditions, and at encouraging them to invent and perform novel actions and coordination to achieve their objective (Flandin, Poizat, & Durand, in press). Most of empirical research on perturbation training focus on its influence on team coordination (e.g., Gorman, Cooke, & Amazeen, 2010) and we don’t know much about its influence on individual and collective sensemaking, though this seems to be a crucial ability for safety ensuring and recovering (Maitlis & Christianson, 2014). We conducted an exploratory study of a watch officer’s sensemaking (concerns, expectations, perceptions, emotions, meanings, decisions, and actions) during a perturbation training simulating a “beyond behind basis” accident in a gas plant. We used ergonomics methods (direct observations, field notes, and retrospective interviews) to collect data, and the enactive framework of the course of experience (Poizat, Flandin, Sève, Durand, & Theureau, submitted) to process it. We found that the perturbation led successively the watch officer (i) to an initial state of bewilderment and collapse of sensemaking as the situation got unexpected, (ii) to accept his state of uncertainty and to look for ways to achieve his objective, even though it involved moving away from the procedure, (iii) to make several wrong hypotheses before finally understanding what happened. We analyse the most plausible training outcomes regarding the officer’s abilities of anticipation, understanding, reactivity, and invention. Our analysis suggests that the unexpected (events whose realization is predictable, but whose moment of occurrence is not) and the unthought (events that are unprecedented and highly unlikely) may be two promising perturbation areas for safety training. We make propositions for innovative design and future research, especially regarding the fact that evidence is lacking concerning the impact of perturbation training in terms of occupational activity transformation and development.
- Published
- 2018
43. Qu’apprennent les enseignants stagiaires de l’observation vidéo de leurs pairs et comment l’apprennent-ils ? Une étude de cas
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Ria, Luc, Flandin, Simon, Cyrille Gaudin, Simon Flandin, Sylvie Moussay, Sébastien Chaliès, Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
- Subjects
[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,[INFO.EIAH] Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,[INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2018
44. Les évaluations normatives des enseignants stagiaires en situation de vidéoformation : efficacité, soutenabilité, acceptabilité et accessibilité
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Flandin, Simon
- Subjects
normes éducatives ,étude de cas ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,ressources pédagogiques numériques ,case study ,[INFO.EIAH] Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,formation des enseignants ,digital resources for education ,[INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,educational norms ,teacher education - Abstract
Many studies indicate that teachers spontaneously and regularly evaluate while observing videos of others’ teaching, but this evaluative activity is understudied. We analyzed the activity of six trainee teachers using resituating interviews supported by digital traces. The findings show that they evaluate through four normative registers: (i) efficiency (educational potential), (ii) sustainability (self-economy), (iii) acceptability (professional ethics) and (iv) accessibility (perceived possibility to adopt/adapt identified actions). We discuss their implications for training., Alors que de nombreuses études indiquent que les enseignants en situation de vidéoformation déploient très spontanément et régulièrement une activité évaluative, la nature de cette activité reste méconnue. Nous avons analysé l’activité de six stagiaires à partir d’entretiens de remise en situation à l’aide de traces numériques. Les résultats montrent qu’ils mobilisent des normes évaluatives de quatre registres : (i) efficacité (potentiel éducatif) ; (ii) soutenabilité (économie de soi) ; (iii) acceptabilité (déontologie) ; (iv) accessibilité (possibilité perçue ou non d’adopter/adapter les actions identifiées). Nous en discutons les implications pour la formation.
- Published
- 2018
45. Deux dilemmes typiques de la conception d'entrainements de crise : quels compromis acceptables ?
- Author
-
Flandin , Simon, Poizat , Germain, Viney , Roger, Flandin, Simon, Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation - Clermont Auvergne ( ACTé ), Université de Genève ( UNIGE ), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education ( FPSE ), Laboratoire Recherche, Intervention, Formation, Travail ( RIFT ), Recherche Intervention Formation Travail ( RIFT ), Université de Genève ( UNIGE ) -Université de Genève ( UNIGE ), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
- Subjects
[SCCO]Cognitive science ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology ,[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology ,[ SCCO ] Cognitive science ,[SCCO] Cognitive science - Abstract
International audience; Une recherche en cours sur la formation à et par la résilience inclut dans ses partenariats le Groupement de réponse aux Crises Majeures et Attentats du SDMIS69. Ce volet étudie notamment des « entrainements de crise » (EDC) conçus et mis en oeuvre au centre d’entrainement zonal (CEZ) NRBC-E de la zone de défense et de sécurité Sud-Est, et à destination des professionnels de la sécurité civile (SDIS, SAMU, hôpitaux, ARS, services de police et de gendarmerie, armée...) Les EDC sont basés sur la scénarisation d’évènements simulant et entretenant un état de crise afin de tester la capacité des participants : (i) à mettre collectivement en œuvre les procédures préétablies (objectif principal) et (ii) à s’adapter à des circonstances inattendues voire inédites (objectif secondaire). Conclus par un débriefing, les EDC peuvent notamment contribuer (i) à une validation ou à une évolution de la doctrine/directive opérationnelle de référence, (ii) au développement d’une connaissance et compréhension mutuelle inter-services, et (iii) à l’acquisition, au rappel, à l’entrainement, et/ou à la stabilisation par les professionnels de savoirs et de règles d’action. Les concepteurs de ces EDC doivent arbitrer en permanence entre des préoccupations parfois contradictoires, d’une part liées à la bonne réalisation de l’EDC (répondre aux prescriptions institutionnelles, respecter le format et le temps impartis, obtenir l’adhésion, l’implication, et la satisfaction des participants, etc.), et d’autre part liées à la dimension constructive de l’EDC (renforcer par différents moyens la capacité des participants à agir efficacement dans des situations de crise, et parfois « post-crise »). Nous expliquons dans cette communication deux dilemmes qui nous semblent particulièrement structurants du travail de conception d’EDC, et plus largement de simulations.
- Published
- 2018
46. Perturbation-based training: proof of concept through the design and test of a digital training environment for medical radiology
- Author
-
Schot, Stéphanie, Flandin, Simon, Goudeaux, Annie, Seferdjeli, Laurence, Poizat, Germain, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education (FPSE), Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), CRAFT, Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
- Subjects
technological research program ,formation basée sur la perturbation ,programme de recherche technologique ,perturbation-based training ,[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,activity analysis ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,course-of-action ,radiologie médicale ,cours d’action ,[INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,analyse de l’activité ,medical radiology - Abstract
International audience; By contrast with most common training models, perturbation-based training does not consist in the transmission of established knowledge. It aims to produce a “shock” to encourage the making of new meanings and to foster the development of new actions. This study is embedded in a technological research program on training. It consists in a proof of concept within an ergonomic approach to training in the field of medical radiology. The aim of this study was to (i) operationalize and test the design principles of perturbation-based training, and to (ii) develop a training tool for medical radiology technicians. This research consisted in designing a digital training environment (DTE) and testing it with a trainer who did not participate in the design. We empirically documented (i) the discovery of the DTE by the trainer using interruptive verbalization data, and (ii) the use of DTE by the trainer using observations and self-confrontation interviews. Results revealed expected and potentially constructive perturbations regarding professional culture, but also unexpected and potentially counterproductive perturbations regarding training culture, that created obstacles to the appropriation of the DTE. We analyze three types of perturbation and con; Contrairement aux modèles de formation les plus répandus, la formation basée sur la perturbation ne repose pas sur la transmission de savoirs établis, mais vise à produire un « choc » pour encourager la production de nouvelles significations et le développement de nouvelles modalités d’action et d’organisation. Inscrite dans un programme de recherche technologique en formation et menée dans le domaine de la radiologie médicale, notre étude relève à la fois de la preuve de concept et d’une démarche d’ergonomie de la formation. Elle visait (i) à opérationnaliser et tester les principes de conception d’une formation basée sur la perturbation, et (ii) à concevoir un outil pour aider des formateurs à former des techniciens de radiologie médicale. Nous avons pour cela conçu un environnement numérique de formation (ENF), et l’avons testé avec un formateur non impliqué dans la conception. Dans le cadre de cette démarche, nous avons documenté empiriquement (i) la situation de découverte de l’ENF par le formateur à l’aide de données de verbalisations interruptives, et (ii) une situation de formation mobilisant l’ENF à l’aide de données d’observation et d’autoconfrontation du formateur. Les résultats font apparaître des perturbations attendues (par les chercheurs) et potentiellement constructives au niveau de sa culture de métier, mais aussi des perturbations inattendues et potentiellement contre-productives au niveau de sa culture de formation, créant des obstacles à l’appropriation de l’ENF. Nous analysons trois types de perturbation et concluons par des propositions pour la conception de formations basées sur le principe de perturbation.
- Published
- 2019
47. 'PassÉtudiants': using 360° video to design a training platform for university students
- Author
-
Gaudin, Cyrille, Flandin, Simon, Ria, Luc, Education et Diversité en Espaces Francophones (FRED), Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), and École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)
- Subjects
student ,learning ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,high education ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,video ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience; In France, only 55% of students move into grade two and less than 30% graduate in three years (MESRI, 2018). Some of the difficulties encountered arise from highly renewed practices in higher education. For example, in recent years, new technologies and practices of video-based learning such as flipped classrooms, videoconferencing, blended learning, and most prominently MOOCs have arisen (Yousef, Chatti, & Schroeder, 2014). The pedagogical strength of video-based learning is presenting knowledge in a consistent and attractive manner but students have nevertheless difficulties to learn this knowledge, especially because of a lack of method. This communication presents an ongoing design-based research aiming at addressing some of the educational issues related to students’ failure in higher education. The research is grounded in an « activity-based » theoretical framework (Durand, 2013; Durand & Poizat, 2014). Its basic postulate consists in according primacy to actor’s actual activity, that is to say what one really accomplishes in everyday ecological contexts. Our study consists in three iterative phases: (i) modelling the typical features of students’ activity, (ii) designing and implementing vocational training situations, and (iii) studying their influence on trainees’ activity. Under development, the PassEtudiants learning environment aims at helping students analyze problematic, nay critical situations hindering their learning opportunities. The main design principle consists in identifying, portraying and discussing these situations in the learning environment through (i) video recordings of educational practices (innovative 360° format), (ii) video recordings of students' interviews, and (iii) video recordings of evidence-based explanations of researchers. Recent findings suggest that 360° format may improve immersive experience during video observation for educational purposes (Daisy Fraustino et al., 2018, Roche & Gal-Petitfaux, 2017, Windscheid & Will, 2018), as well as engagement, attentiveness and learning (Gänsluckner, Ebner, & Kamrat, 2017, Harrington et al., 2018). The instructional value of learner immersion in video-enhanced training has been assessed in various educational fields (e.g., Authors, 2014, 2015; Seidel et al., 2011). What we do not know is: does 360° video improves the immersive experience of students, and is it a promising design support for their methodological learning? Two types of data are collected (videotaped): observation data of the use of the learning environment by volunteer students, and self-confrontation interviews data (Mollo & Falzon, 2004). Observation data is coded following the method of activity chronicles (Cuvelier & Falzon, 2015), and self-confrontation interviews data is transcribed verbatim and coded using a semiotic scheme (Theureau, 2006). Preliminary results of the test of the instructional design show that it (i) immerses students, through video observation, in situations that are at the same time known (echoing prior experiences) and unknown (given the variability and complexity of these situations), (ii) enables students to recognize, compare, project themselves into portrayed peers experiences, and (iii) enables students to scaffold their own methodological strategies during courses. Expected practical outcomes are an empowerment of students toward their educational trajectory, an increase of individual learning opportunities, an improvement of learning quality of students, and a long-term contribution against educational failure and early school/university leaving.Finally, we discussed the extent to which 360° videos seem to be a suitable media to support the development of student ability to analyse and understand problematic, nay critical situations hindering their learning opportunities. Implications for higher education practices are commented.
- Published
- 2019
48. Faire émerger le réel du travail et concevoir la formation : autour des enjeux méthodologiques de l’analyse de l’activité des adultes
- Author
-
Becerill Ortega, Raquel, Flandin, Simon, Vidal-Gomel, Christine, CRAFT, Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Centre de recherche en éducation de Nantes (CREN), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
- Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,activité ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,formation des adultes ,développement professionnel ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences - Abstract
International audience; En Sciences de l’Éducation et de la Formation, l’analyse du travail pour la conception de formations est éclairée par les différents courants qui se réclament des théories de l’activité. Ces travaux s'appuient sur des dénominateurs communs notamment une importance particulière accordée au point de vue, au vécu, et à l'expérience des acteurs, une démarche participative et de proximité mettant à contribution tous les acteurs, et des recherches d'emblée finalisées par la transformation par l'action, l'intervention ou la conception. Ils partagent également une difficulté inhérente à l’objet même qui est le leur : l’activité et donc à l’impossible d’accéder complètement au “réel” vis-à-vis d’elle, à tout « ce qui se joue » à propos de la situation de travail ou de formation (Remoussenard, 2005, 2014). Les méthodologies d’analyse de l’activité en vue de la conception des situations d’apprentissage-développement constituent dès lors un levier pour renouveler le débat scientifique autour de l’analyse de l’activité et du rapport entre travail et formation dans le champ de la formation des adultes (Lesne, 1984 ; Lacomblez, 2001).Le dossier est téléchargeable : https://pulp.univ-lille1.fr/index.php/TF/index
- Published
- 2018
49. Design of a learning environment for medical radiology technicians based on their work analysis
- Author
-
Seferdjeli, Laurence, Bailly, Marie-Charlotte, Flandin, Simon, Goudeaux, Annie, Durand, Isabelle, Schmidt, Kim, Tunc, Asiye, Schot, Stéphanie, CRAFT, Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), FAPSE, Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé ), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), Société d'Ergonomie de Langue Française (SELF), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation - Clermont Auvergne (ACTé ), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), and Flandin, Simon
- Subjects
Instructional design ,Analyse du travail ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,Radiologie ,Formation professionelle ,X-ray ,Educational technology ,[INFO.EIAH] Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,Vocational Education and Training ,[INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,Radiology ,Technologie éducative - Abstract
The research reported in this paper was aimed at (i) highlighting knowledge about the work of medical radiology technicians (MRTs) in different departments (conventional radiology, CT scan, MRI, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology and angiography), and (ii) contributing to the design of innovative training for the “Haute École de Santé” and for the workplace. It has led to the identification of structural tensions in the work of MRTs, the most emblematic of which seems to be the tension between the "technical" and the "relational" dimension, and allowed a triadic modeling of the overall organization of their activity (patient positioning, image production, and patient integrity). We discuss these results from a training environment design perspective based on generic principles formalized within our research program., La recherche dont cette communication rend compte visait (i) à produire des connaissances relatives au travail des techniciens de radiologie médicale (TRM) dans différents services (radiologie conventionnelle, scanner, IRM, médecine nucléaire, radio-oncologie et angiographie), et (ii) à contribuer à la conception de formations innovantes pour la Haute École de Santé et pour la place de travail. Elle a abouti à l’identification de tensions structurelles dans le travail des TRM, dont la plus emblématique semble être la tension entre dimension « technique » et « relationnelle », et a permis une modélisation triadique de l’organisation globale de leur activité (le positionnement du patient, la production d’une image, et l’intégrité du patient). Nous discutons ces résultats dans une perspective de conception d’environnement de formation sur la base de principes génériques formalisés au sein de notre programme de recherche.
- Published
- 2017
50. Vidéo et analyse de l'activité
- Author
-
Flandin, Simon, CRAFT, Laboratoire Recherche intervention formation et travail (RIFT), Université de Genève (UNIGE)-Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), Activité, Connaissance, Transmission, éducation (ACTé), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Jean-Marie Barbier, Marc Durand, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)-Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), and Flandin, Simon
- Subjects
vidéo ,[INFO.EIAH] Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education ,formation ,[INFO.EIAH]Computer Science [cs]/Technology for Human Learning ,[INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,analyse de l'activité ,ergonomie ,intervention - Abstract
(sous presse). In J.-M. Barbier et M. Durand, Encyclopédie de l'analyse des activités. Paris : PUF.; International audience; Cette contribution s'intéresse aux utilisations qui peuvent être faites de la vidéo dans une perspective d'analyse de l'activité et dans une visée transformative (formation, (ré)organisation du travail, aménagement de poste, prévention, fiabilisation, conception, etc.). Elle présente synthétiquement les principales options méthodologiques à prendre par les intervenants – ergonomes, formateurs, chercheurs, consultants – pour analyser les activités et/ou les faire analyser aux bénéficiaires (i) en extériorité (part observable) et (ii) en intériorité (point de vue des acteurs). Concernant l'analyse en intériorité, l'instrumentation vidéo est notamment décrite selon trois options distinctes : (i) la démonstration (exemplification, pratiques ostensives – approche plutôt normative de la transformation de l’activité), (ii) l’enquête (recherche, instruction d’un problème – approche plutôt développementale de la transformation de l’activité), et (iii) l’entretien (explicitation, remise en situation). Ces trois options sont caractérisées à partir de la littérature scientifique en ergonomie, psychologie du travail et sciences de l'éducation. La conclusion propose des points de vigilance et perspectives de développement inhérents aux types d'instrumentations vidéo décrits.
- Published
- 2017
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.