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Five national-level urban agglomerations in China, namely the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), middle reaches of the Yangtze River (MRYR), Pearl River Delta (PRD), and Chengdu-Chongqing (CY), have undergone rapid economic development, accompanied by a surge in carbon emissions. Notably, there exists a gap in existing research that hinders comprehensive comparative studies on the carbon emissions of these urban agglomerations during the 12th and 13th Five-Year Plan periods, respectively. In this study, we comparatively analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics and spatial clustering characteristics of carbon emissions and their driving factors across the five urban agglomerations during the 12th and 13th Five-Year Plan periods using spatial autocorrelation and multiple spatial econometric models. The main results are as follows: firstly, the total carbon emissions across the YRD are the highest, while the average carbon emissions in BTH are higher than those across other urban agglomerations. Secondly, during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the main related socioeconomic factors for carbon emissions of the BTH, PRD, YRD, MRYR and CY are per capita GDP, general public budget expenditure, urbanization rate, population density, and industrial structure, respectively. Thirdly, during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, industrial structure have a close link with carbon emissions across BTH and MRYR; the carbon emissions across PRD have close correlations with urbanization rate and general public budget expenditures; across YRD and CY, the key associated driver was the general public budget expenditures. All in all, these findings offer valuable insights for shaping effective emission reduction policies tailored to the unique characteristics of each urban agglomeration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

80% of the raw materials for industrial products in our country come from mineral resources, resulting in a large amount of industrial solid waste. Among them, red mud is a typical industrial hazardous waste. If its not properly disposed, it will cause harm to atmosphere, water, soil etc. At the same rime, red mud also has resource attributes. If reasonably utilized, It will replace some raw material, which meets the requirements of Chinese 14th Five Year Plan for the development of circular economy. This paper summarizes the current situation of red mud production, storage, and pollution in China, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of current comprehensive utilization methods. The production of red muds large, with a storage capacity of over hundreds of millions of tons. The pollution problem has become more prominent and its currently mainly applied in the fields of metallurgy, building materials, and environmental protection. The direction of large-scale resource utilization of red muds proposed, boost China to achieve the "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goal". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demand-side response (DR) and energy storage system (ESS) are both important means of providing operational flexibility to the power system. Thus, DR has a certain substitution role for ESS, but unlike DR, ESS planning has a coupling relationship between years, which makes it difficult to guarantee the reasonableness of the ESS planning results by considering only a single year. To achieve the optimal construction timing of ESS, this paper develops a consecutive year-by-year framework integrating DR and ESS to analyse and quantify the substitution effect of DR on energy storage while realizing year-by-year ESS planning. Our methods are as follows: (1) A consecutive year-by-year DR model and an ESS model are proposed; (2) These two models are combined together to achieve the purpose of considering DR in the ESS planning stage. Here, system reserve, renewable energy consumption, and preservation of power supply are given consideration to optimise the reliability and economy of the system; (3) The method is validated using a provincial real-world power grid in the eastern part of China. The optimal results of five consecutive years of planning show that DR substitutes 19.7% of the ESS capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: While previously considered a transient condition, with no lasting adverse impact, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is now a well‐established risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The risk of developing T2DM appears to be particularly high in the first few years after childbirth, providing a compelling case for early intervention. This review provides an up‐to‐date systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the effectiveness of interventions to reduce incidence of T2DM in women with a recent history of GDM. Methods: The search was conducted on October 20, 2023 with an annual surveillance planned for the next 5 years to maintain a living systematic review. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials of any type in women within 5 years of GDM‐complicated pregnancy that reported outcomes of T2DM diagnosis or measures of dysglycemia with a follow‐up of at least 12 months. Results: Seventeen studies met our inclusion criteria and have been included in this review. There were 3 pharmacological and 14 lifestyle interventions. Intervention was not associated with significant reduction in the primary outcome of T2DM (risk ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43–1.41; p = 0.41; I2 = 79%) compared with the control group (placebo or usual care). However, meta‐analysis of the four studies reporting hazard ratios suggested a reduction in diabetes incidence (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI: 0.48–0.97; p = 0.03; I2 = 31%). Conclusion: This review provides equivocal evidence about the efficacy of interventions to reduce the risk of T2DM in women within 5 years of GDM‐complicated pregnancy and highlights the need for further studies, including pharmacotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH) and Chris O'Brien Lifehouse (COBLH) established a formal Sarcoma of the Pelvic and Abdominal Retroperitoneum Collaboration (SPARC) in November 2020. An established multidisciplinary team (MDT) with the aims to centralise patient referrals and treatment, establish database and research, coordinate surgical resections is critical in improving patient outcomes and quality of life. Methods: A prospective database was established in October 2021. Clinical, pathological and radiological data points were recorded for all patients since the inception of SPARC. Quality of Life questionnaires were included and follow‐up planned regularly for 5 years. Results: From November 2020 to Feb 2024, 294 new referrals were discussed at the MDT meeting. Majority were from the metropolitan area (182) followed by regional NSW (87), interstate (20) and five internationals. 141 operations were performed during this period compared to 119 operations from 2010 to November 2020 in RPAH. The inception of the SPARC program has resulted in exponential growth in operations, improving from the previous rate of 15 cases annually to 35. Liposarcomas followed by leiomyosarcomas are the most common types of sarcomas resected. The majority were extended resections (81.6%) and 22% were pelvic exenterations. Overall R0 rate is 54.6%, R1 38.3% and R2 1.4% (131 (92.9%) had R0/R1 resections. Overall complication rate is 35.5% with one in‐hospital mortality. Conclusion: Success and expansion of a robust retroperitoneal sarcoma program requires a collaborative surgical approach, an MDT meeting, centralized referral process, and a research team in specialized tertiary institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Mining Magazine is the property of China Mining Magazine Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Water pollution is a concomitant issue of industrialization and urbanization. Following the completion of China's First Five Year Plan, some regions have experienced serious water pollution disasters. The late 1950s witnessed severe wastewater pollution disasters at the Northeast Industrial Base, Hanyang Paper Mill, and Changshou Chemical Plant which profoundly impacted the lives of nearby residents and endangered public health. The Chinese government dispatched scientific researchers to investigate and manage industrial wastewater pollution. Constrained by the developmental paradigms of the era, the approach to governance primarily centered on hygiene and disease control, examining the rivers' maximum dilution capacity for industrial wastewater to strike a balance between direct discharge into rivers and public health protection, rather than targeting the sources of water pollution. As a result, the issue of industrial wastewater pollution was not fundamentally resolved. Nevertheless, the endeavors in industrial wastewater management during the late 1950s contributed to the training and development of a significant number of environmental scientists, providing a robust talent pool for subsequent research and mitigation efforts in environmental pollution in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: National cancer control plans (NCCPs) are complex public health programs that incorporate evidence‐based cancer control strategies to improve health outcomes for all individuals in a country. Given the scope of NCCPs, small and vulnerable populations, such as patients with childhood cancer, are often missed. To support planning efforts, a rapid, modifiable tool was developed that estimates a context‐specific national budget to fund pediatric cancer programs, provides 5‐year scale‐up scenarios, and calculates annual cost‐effectiveness. Methods: The tool was codeveloped by teams of policymakers, clinicians, and public health advocates in Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Uganda. The 11 costing categories included real‐world data, modeled data, and data from the literature. A base‐case and three 5‐year scale‐up scenarios were created using modifiable inputs. The cost‐effectiveness of the disability‐adjusted life years averted was calculated. Results were compared with each country's projected gross domestic product per capita for 2022 through 2026. Results: The number of patients/total budget for year 1 was 250/$1,109,366 for Zimbabwe, 280/$1,207,555 for Zambia, and 1000/$2,277,397 for Uganda. In year 5, these values were assumed to increase to 398/$5,545,445, 446/$4,926,150, and 1594/$9,059,331, respectively. Base‐case cost per disability‐adjusted life year averted/ratio to gross domestic product per capita for year 1, assuming 20% survival, was: $807/0.5 for Zimbabwe, $785/0.7 for Zambia, and $420/0.5 for Uganda. Conclusions: This costing tool provided a framework to forecast a budget for childhood‐specific cancer services. By leveraging minimal primary data collection with existing secondary data, local teams obtained rapid results, ensuring that childhood cancer budgeting is not neglected once in every 5 to 6 years of planning processes. The Childhood Cancers Budgeting Rapidly to Incorporate Disadvantaged Groups for Equity (CC‐BRIDGE) tool fills a current gap by providing a feasible, simplified toolkit for policymakers and childhood cancer stakeholders to calculate the costs required to develop a multiyear childhood cancer–specific budget, within existing National Cancer Control Plan (NCCP) activities. As governments continue to plan NCCPs, the CC‐BRIDGE tool can ensure that budgeting for vulnerable populations, such as childhood cancer patients, is not neglected once in every 5 to 6 years of planning processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The mining of non-coal mines is a fundamental industry in China and an important pillar of economic development. It plays an increasingly important role in the development of many emerging industries. With the increasing intensity of mineral resource development, many typical safety production accidents occurred in the non-coal mining industry. To explore the main safety issues of non-coal mines in China, I collected safety production data of non-coal mines during the 13th Five Year Plan period (2016-2020) and analyzed separately from accident area, accident type, accident occurrence time, mining method, mining type, industry, etc. The results are as follows; 1)Small and medium-sized non-coal mines in China have caused over 90% of accidents with a production capacity of about 40%,and the safety production foundation is weak; 2)The security production situation in key regions such as Inner Mongolia, Hunan, and Guangxi is severe; 3)The number and death toll of accidents in underground mines account for over 50% of the total number of accidents in non-coal mines, with the 10 types of accidents mainly involving roof fall and collapse resulting in a higher number of fatalities. The main reasons for this situation are that the safety management capabilities of non-coal mining enterprises are still weak, the safety production supervision capabilities of non-coal mining enterprises need to be improved, the intelligent construction of non-coal mines in China is still in the initial stage, and the overall level of mechanization, automation, and intelligent construction in accident stricken areas is relatively low. Only the equipment Intelligence level of non-coal mining enterprises and regulatory authorities was improved, and all production processes and links throughout the entire lifecycle of the mine were upgraded and transformed, the further improvement of safety production quality during the 14th Five Year Plan period can only be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the University of Iowa's commitment to employee well-being and its emphasis on the sense of belonging in the workplace. The university has implemented a comprehensive wellness program for faculty and staff, with a focus on individual health and well-being. They have also launched a strategic plan that prioritizes holistic well-being and success for students, faculty, and staff. The university has created the Well-Being and Mental Health Campus Collaborative to implement initiatives and activities that support well-being. They have also developed an online supervisor training series to address mental health in the workplace. The university is in the early stages of understanding belonging at work and its relationship with well-being. They have developed a short survey tool to measure individuals' sense of belonging in the workplace. Preliminary results indicate an average belonging score of 66.2 out of 100. The university aims to establish a baseline measure of belonging and identify areas of priority to improve a sense of belonging at work. They are also interested in understanding if certain demographics and remote or hybrid workers experience different levels of belonging. The university plans to explore the impact of supervisor support on belonging and its role in retaining talent. Overall, the university is committed to fostering a supportive workplace culture and leveraging the knowledge of belonging to make strategic decisions and measure outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

China is the largest CO2 emitter in the world and announced that carbon peak and neutral targets will be achieved before 2030 and 2060, respectively. A retrospective analysis of past CO2 emissions and their drivers is important for the actions of peaking CO2 emissions before 2030 in China. CO2 emissions from energy use (coal, oil, and natural gas) and cement production from 2000 to 2020 were calculated first, and their drivers were decomposed into economic and population growth, energy intensity, and emission coefficient by logarithmic mean Divisa index (LMDI) analysis in this study. China's CO2 emissions increased nearly threefold from 3385 in 2000 to 10,788 million tonnes (Mt) in 2020, with a decline from 2013 to 2016. Coal was the major emission sector contributing more than 70% in most years, while natural gas emissions increased nearly 13 times from 53 to 723 Mt in the two decades, although its contribution only accounted for 6.7% in 2020. Economic growth was the major positive driver, while energy intensity reduction was the major negative driver of the emission increments by year and by the Five Year Plan (FYP). Emission coefficient reduction gradually became important due to its negative effect, especially in the 13th FYP, which offset ~ 30% of the emissions induced by economic growth. The projections of CO2 emissions in 2025, 2030, and 2035 could be 11,596 ± 582, 11,774 ± 621, and 11,401 ± 672 Mt, respectively, suggesting that China's carbon emissions could peak around 2030 with an increment of ~ 1000 Mt on the 2020 levels. Under the sustainable growth of the economy and population, it is possible to reduce the carbon peak value or achieve peak time earlier through the additional reduction of energy intensity and emission coefficient by technological progress and energy alternatives such as non-fossil fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the national infrastructure construction market contains enormous opportunities and challenges, and the competition in the highway market is particularly evident. By elaborating the classification and construction process of highway construction, based on the overall situation of highway construction in the end of the 13th Five Year Plan and the highway policies in the 14th Five Year Plan in China, data analysis and comparison methods were adopted to analyze the market operation situation of major construction enterprises and the current main cooperation models in the market. Research results show that, the current domestic highway market is generally stable, and the construction of trunk roads has been saturated. There is a market demand for strengthening the highway chain network, which has led to the transformation of the domestic infrastructure industry towards green and intelligent directions. Based on the above analysis, operational suggestions were proposed from the aspects of supplementing and strengthening the shortcomings of operational elements, optimizing operational layout, and optimizing business models. First, the enterprise should rely on the advantages of the railway market, promoting the construction of a comprehensive transportation hub market that integrates railways, highways, water transportation, etc. Second, the enterprise should expand business development areas and extend the highway market based on new urbanization and rural revitalization. Technology innovation should be emphasized and used to empower the high-quality development of highway construction with the concept of "smart + green". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its reform and opening, the Chinese economy has witnessed unprecedented development. This long-term high-speed development has significantly impacted the environment. In the process of energy development and consumption, the environment has been severely polluted, and greenhouse emissions have increased. This has resulted in environmental imbalances such as global climate change, rising sea levels, and extreme weather. Using annual energy consumption (EC), economic growth (GDP), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in China from 1981 to 2021, this study employed the maximum likelihood estimation method to estimate the parameters of the nonlinear MS-VAR model. Cointegration tests, regimes analysis methods, and impulse response function analysis methods were adopted to explore the differences or similarities in the dynamics of the three under various regimes. The research results are as following. (i) The cointegration test findings demonstrate a long-term equilibrium relationship among EC, economic growth, and CO2 emissions. (ii) Regime analyses exhibit that there are three regimes: "low-level regime," "medium-level regime," and "high-level regime." The three regimes have a mutual transfer transmission mechanism that exhibits nonlinear properties. (iii) Impulse response function analyses show that external EC and GDP shocks favorably impact the other two variables in all three regimes. EC in all three regimes is negatively impacted by external CO2 shocks. Moreover, in the "low-level regime," the relationship between CO2 and GDP has an inverted U-curve, whereas in the other two regimes, the relationship has a negative association. This study can help China formulate reasonable and effective CO2 emissions reduction and energy policies and successfully achieve the emissions reduction goal of the 14th Five Year Plan as well as dual carbon goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a mixed‐integer non‐linear programming (MINLP) model for the multi‐period active low voltage (LV) distribution network expansion planning problem, which can be solved by off‐the‐shelf optimization solvers. In addition, the wide‐spread penetration of solar resources, optimal loading of transformers, and modeling of the multiple solar generation patterns are considered in the model. The solar resources are of roof‐top household‐scale photovoltaic panel type, developed using a host‐owned business model and are able to exchange energy with the distribution company (DISCO). This model enables the DISCO, as the owner of the network, to minimize the investment and operation costs while being able to determine the optimal location and capacity of the distribution transformers, the service zone of distribution transformers, the optimal route of the distribution lines, and the total and annual planning costs. In order to check the efficiency of the proposed model, a 0.4 kV distribution test network is considered to plan the LV network of a residential district over a planning horizon of 5 years. Results show the effectiveness of the proposed model in dynamic expansion planning of the active LV distribution network. Also, results illustrates that the penetration of solar sources can be a great tool to improve the technical, economic, and environmental criteria for planning studies. Specifically while reducing the billing costs of customers, it favors the government to reduce the pollution costs, and it enables the DISCO to reduce the loss costs and maintain the voltage in the standard boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods is the property of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Green and low-carbon development has become a distinct feature of China' s development during the '14th Five Year Plan' period. Clarifying the resource allocation strategies of enterprises under the green development concept and timely guiding and correcting deviations are of great significance for better achieving the goals of reaching peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality. This article focuses on the cross-regional flow of corporate capital and attempts to examine how environmental regulations affect corporate resource allocation strategies. The study first analyzed the channels through which environmental regulations affected corporate investment decisions in different locations through theoretical models and then empirically tested the impact of environmental regulations on corporate cross-regional investment by taking Chinese A-share listed companies from 2004 to 2019 as the research object. The results showed that: ① With environmental regulations becoming more intense, the scale of corporate cross-regional investment significantly increased. ② The mechanism test showed that production costs, technological innovation levels, asset quality, and market competition efficiency were important mechanisms by which environmental regulations affected corporate investment in different locations. Specifically, the increase in production costs of enterprises was an important reason for environmental regulations to promote their off-site investment, while the improvement of technological innovation as well as that of corporate asset quality and market mechanisms could reduce the impact of environmental regulations on cross-regional investment to a certain extent. ③ The results of heterogeneity analysis indicated that the impact of environmental regulations on corporate cross-regional investment was more evident in non-high-tech enterprises, high-pollution industries, low-vitality markets, and central and western regions. This article reveals corporate resource allocation strategies under environmental regulations from the perspective of cross-regional capital flow, providing a useful reference for further improving the policy framework system of environmental regulations. The research shows that environmental regulations internalize the external costs of environmental pollution in enterprises, which are constrained by the increase in production costs and the constraints of innovation ability. Enterprises with profit-seeking characteristics are more likely to have race-to-the-bottom behaviors that escape regulations. Therefore, government departments should innovate the policy toolbox of environmental regulations, focus on prevention as well as mediation, reduce the costs and uncertainties faced by enterprises in technological innovation and equipment replacement, provide positive policy support for process transformation and green technology innovation in enterprises, and ultimately achieve coordinated development of economic society and the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The introduction of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) re-emphasizes the transformation of China's economic order and draws the hukou system back into the limelight. Hukou, a system of population registration and movement control developed since the 1950s, has experienced several reform waves. It is worth examining its new strategic role as a supporting element of the evolving Chinese economic system in interaction with other institutions. Research objectives: The article aims to examine and assess the evolution of the hukou and its interaction with other formal (meta)institutions: the labour market, welfare system, and education system, as well as its institutional support for China's economic model. Research design and methods: We based the study on qualitative research using our two-level model for analysing the relationship between selected institutions and the evolution of hukou. Results: The changes in the household registration system go in line with China's evolving economic strategy. The hukou's relationship with individual institutions has been effective or ineffective depending on the period. Conclusions: Hukou has played a major role in supporting the Chinese economic model in terms of the supply of cheap labour, local economic development, and talent selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engineering education require timely changes in curriculum in order to keep its relevance with technology upgradation. The outcome-based education (OBE) has become a preferred vehicle of education reform through curriculum upgradation. In the College of Engineering King Saud University three reform regimes have been undertaken. Plan A was from 1990-2002, Plan B was from 2003-2007 and Plan C from 2008-2018. Curriculum plans B and C were considered ABET accreditation requirements in their constitutes. The consistent increase in number of students earning GPA from 4.5 to 5 was 2%, 7% and 33% during Plan A, B and C. The increase in mean average GPA of plan B registered 10% increase in comparison of plan A bench mark. However, the mean average GPA of plan C registered significant increase of 34%. The percentages of honor degree holders in each successive curriculum plan A, B and C exhibited increase of 0.9%, 2.1% and 16% respectively. The average number of years taken by the students to complete the graduate program decreased from 6 years to 5.5 years and to 5 years under plan A, B and C respectively. All above parameters exhibited fulfilment of OBE criteria and justifies the modifications in plans of curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to control industrial air pollution is an urgent policy problem to be solved. Through efficiency evaluation, we can test the implementation effect of the policy, to provide decision support for industrial development. China's provincial industrial system consists of production stage and emission reduction stage. Taking the number of industrial waste gas treatment facilities as a carry-over variable (i.e., connecting multiple periods), this study establishes a dynamic two-stage, slacks-based measure data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) model considering shared inputs to evaluate the operating efficiency of China's provincial industrial systems from 2011 to 2019. The results show that (1) The industrial waste gas treatment facilities (carry-over variables) have a significant impact on the overall efficiency and stage efficiency of the industrial system; (2) The average overall efficiency and average stage efficiency of the provincial industrial system have improved during 2011-2019, but they are still inefficient, and the inefficiency has certain geographical characteristics; (3) During the 12th Five Year Plan period (2011-2015), the average efficiency of the emission reduction stage was higher than that of the production stage, but the situation reversed during the 13th Five Year Plan period (2016-2019). This study is of great significance to policy makers of industrial air pollution control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Varve Database (VARDA) was launched in 2020 and aimed to establish a community database for annually-resolved chronological archives with their associated high-resolution proxy records. This resource would support reproducibility through accessible data for the paleoclimate and modelling communities. In this paper, we used VARDA to assemble an extensive dataset of European tephra geochemical data and metadata to enable the synchronisation of varve records during the Last Glacial Interglacial Transition (here defined as 25 ka BP to 8 ka BP). Geochemical data from 49 known individual tephra layers across 19 varve lake records have been included, with Lago di Grande Monticchio being the single biggest contributor of geochemical data with 28 tephra layers. The Vedde Ash and Laacher See tephra are the most common layers being found in 6 different varve records and highlights the potential of refining the absolute age estimates for these tephra layers using varve chronologies and for synchronising regional paleoclimate archives. This is the first stage in a 5 year plan funded by the Past Global Changes (PAGES) Data Stewardship Scholarship to incorporate a global dataset of tephra geochemical data in varve records. Further stages of this project will focus on different regions and timescales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author considers the complex process of preparing the USSR for war in the context of the implementation of “socialist reconstruction” (a term put forward by I. V. Stalin in November 1929), which meant a radical restructuring of the economic sphere and related institutions. The article poses a complex problem that presents a symbiosis of a number of topics — the NEP, industrialization, the construction of socialism in the Stalinist way, preparations for a big war. Comprehending the key trends in the evolution of the modernization breakthrough of the late 1920s — early 1940s, the author points to two stages. The first (actually continuing the NEP) was dominated by the principles of the planned use of resources, the content of the second was reduced to the next assault on socialism. The researcher comes to the conclusion that the damage caused to the national economy turned out to be significant and became the reason for the disproportionality of its development. The document presents evidence of the fallacy of the territorial organization of heavy industry and, above all, the military-defense complex on the eve of June 22, 1941. The cause of the catastrophe of the first period of the Great Patriotic War is revealed in the loss of the most important enterprises located mainly in areas close to the western border.

Under the guidance of the 13th Five Year Plan, the application of TPACK can effectively activate traditional education models, accelerate educational transformation, expand educational horizons, increase educational diversity, and better meet the needs of society for more advanced knowledge and services. It also helps to establish a "Double First Class" system, thereby improving the educational level of universities and ultimately achieving the goal of a smart campus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem regarding the optimal integration of efficient reactive power compensation in radial and meshed distribution networks using fixed-step capacitor banks and distribution static compensators (D-STATCOMs) is addressed in this research paper by proposing a master–slave optimization methodology. Radial and meshed distribution topologies are considered for the grid structure while including variable active and reactive demand curves. An economic analysis is performed, considering the net present value of the optimization plan, as well as the costs of energy losses and the capacitor banks' acquisition, installation, and operation. In the case of the D-STATCOMs, an annualized costs analysis is presented. In the master stage, the discrete version of the generalized normal distribution optimization (GNDO) algorithm selects the nodes and the sizes of the capacitor banks. In the slave stage, the successive approximations power flow approach is implemented. Numerical results in the IEEE 33-bus grid (with both radial and meshed topologies) and the IEEE 85-bus grid (with a radial configuration) demonstrated the proposed master–slave optimization's effectiveness in minimizing the project's expected net present value for a planning period of five years. Moreover, a simulation in the IEEE 69-bus grid under peak operation conditions showed that the GNDO approach is an excellent optimization technique to solve the studied problem when compared to combinatorial and exact optimization methods. In addition, numerical validations considering D-STATCOMs in the IEEE 85-bus grid confirmed the effectiveness and robustness of the GNDO approach in addressing problems associated with optimal reactive power compensation in medium-voltage distribution systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy conservation and low carbon action plan in the Top-10 000 Energy-Consuming Enterprises Program (T10000P) was an important policy underpinning for achieving the constrained targets of energy consumption and carbon emission reduction during the 12th Five Year Plan period, and is a representative large-scale national energy saving and emission reduction policy with Chinese characteristics. Green technology innovation (GTI) is an important driving force for green development and enterprises are the main participants of GTI. In view of the fact that T10000P is an exogenous shock and based on the green patent panel data of Chinese listed companies from 2004 to 2018, this paper employed the difference-in-differences (DID) method and the count data model to examine the impact of T10000P on GTI at the micro level. Moreover, this paper designed an intermediary effect model to study the mediating role of local governments in the process of T10000P affecting corporate GTI and conducted the triple difference model to study the heterogeneity of T10000P on corporate GTI. The study showed that: ① T10000P significantly promoted corporate GTI. ②Considering the excessive discretization and zero inflation of the data, the regression results of the count data model further supported the conclusion.③The conclusion was still robust after a series of robustness tests such as variable index change, placebo test, and post-matching regression. ④ The assessment constraint of T10000P on local governments affected the subsidies to the top-10 000 enterprises, which promoted their GTI level. ⑤ The GTI effect of T10000P had dynamic characteristics in time, marginal characteristics in innovation level, and heterogeneous characteristics in cooperate property rights: the effects were significant during the policy implementation period, but not significant when the policy phased out. Compared with the regions with low urban innovation index, the promotion effect of T10000P on cooperate GTI was more significant in the regions with high urban innovation index. Compared with private enterprises, the promotion effect of T10000P policy on cooperate GTI was more significant in state-owned enterprises. Based on these conclusions, policy design should be optimized to actively guide enterprises to improve the level of GTI. The green-oriented assessment system for local government should be improved. The environmental regulation and innovation incentive policies should be implemented according to enterprises' conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An interview with Elizabeth Gasparim, a professor at Universidad Católica del Norte is presented. When asked how she found interest in mathematics, she said that mathematics came easily to her at school, as calculations were something she knew how to do, and mathematics provided a clear sense of truth through theorems that she found enjoyable. She also mentioned her encounter with Newton Carneiro Afonso da Costa, a renowned mathematician who is credited with developing paraconsistent logic.

Introduction/Background Studies have shown that patients with vs without alopecia areata (AA) have a higher risk of developing atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the real-world prevalence and incidence of moderate-to-severe AD in patients with AA are not well characterized. Objectives To assess the real-world prevalence and incidence of comorbid AD among patients with AA using data from a US administrative claims database. Methods This retrospective analysis evaluated claims from the Merative Marketscan Commercial Claims and Encounters database. Eligible patients were aged ≥12 years at index date (first AA diagnosis), received an AA diagnosis (≥1 inpatient encounter or ≥2 outpatient encounters/claims based on International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification, 10th Revision [ICD-10-CM]: L63.x or 9th Revision [ICD-9-CM]: 704.01) between 01/01/2017–07/31/2023, and had continuous plan enrollment for 5 years prior to index. AA disease severity was evaluated during the 6-month follow-up period post-index date. Patients were considered to have moderate-to-severe AA if they were diagnosed with alopecia universalis (ICD-10-CM: L63.1) or alopecia totalis (ICD-10-CM: L63.0) or if they received prescriptions for any systemic immunomodulators, oral corticosteroids, nonsteroidal systemic agents, or phototherapy within 6 months post-index date. Very severe AA (subset of moderate-to-severe AA) was defined by a diagnosis of alopecia universalis (ICD-10-CM: L63.1) or alopecia totalis (ICD-10-CM: L63.0). AD was defined as ≥1 inpatient or ≥2 outpatient claims with diagnosis codes for AD (ICD-10-CM L20.x) or other AD-related conditions (ICD-9-CM 691.8). Moderate-to-severe AD was defined per the AD criteria plus claims indicating 1 of the following: ≥1 dispensing of dupilumab; ≥2 dispensing of high-potency topical corticosteroids or systemic immunosuppressants; or ≥3 dispensing of medium potency topical corticosteroids, topical tacrolimus, phototherapy, or oral/parenteral corticosteroids. AD prevalence was assessed during the 5 years pre-index period; prevalence was also assessed over a longer duration and included those with ≥1 AD diagnosis from 01/01/2007–index. AD incidence was assessed from the 7th month after the AA index date through the time of AD diagnosis or end of continuous enrollment. Relative risk for developing AD comorbidity among patients with AA was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards model, controlling for age, sex, obesity, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and geographic region. Results Of 429,903 patients identified with AA in the database, 10,863 met eligibility criteria and 9507 completed ≥6 months of follow-up post-index date (mild AA, n=7087; moderate-to-severe AA, n=2420; very severe AA, n=491). The 1-year period prevalence of AA in the US was 0.16% in 2022. Among the 10,863 eligible patients, 63.0% were female, the mean (SD) age was 40.4 (15.1) years, and the mean (SD) CCI was 0.7 (1.2). Among all eligible patients with AA (n=10,863), the prevalence (within 5 years pre-index date) was 3.1% for any AD and 2.3% for moderate-to-severe AD. Among patients with moderate-to-severe AA (n=2420), the prevalence was 4.8% for any AD and 4.2% for moderate-to-severe AD. The prevalence of any AD any time prior to index among all eligible patients with AA and moderate-to-severe AA was 11.9% and 14.6%, respectively. AD incidence at follow-up was 4 per 1000 person-years in patients with mild AA, 7 per 1000 person-years for moderate-to-severe AA, and 6 per 1000 person-years for very severe AA. Mean (SD) time to AD diagnosis after AA index date was 2.1 (1.7) years for patients with mild AA, 2.0 (1.7) years for moderate-to-severe AA, and 2.0 (1.7) years for very severe AA. Risk of developing AD was greater in patients with moderate-to-severe vs mild AA (adjusted hazard ratio 1.63 [95% CI 1.01, 2.64]). Conclusions Patients with moderate-to-severe vs mild AA had higher prevalence and incidence of AD comorbidity and higher prevalence of moderate-to-severe AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents updates on the housing targets in Victoria as of July 2024. Topics include the release by the government of draft local government housing targets in June 2024, the method behind the draft targets and how they will be finalised, and metropolitan and regional shares of growth of draft housing targets and Victoria in Future (VIF) dwelling forecasts compared to shares at 2021.

Purpose: Integrating magnetic resonance (MR) into radiotherapy planning has several advantages. This report details the clinical implementation of an MR simulation (MR-planning) program for external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in one of North America's largest radiotherapy programs. Methods and materials: An MR radiotherapy planning program was developed and implemented at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center in 2016 with two dedicated wide-bore MR platforms (1.5 and 3.0 Tesla). Planning MR was sequentially implemented every 3 months for separate treatment sites, including the central nervous system (CNS), gynecologic (GYN), head and neck (HN), genitourinary (GU), gastrointestinal (GI), breast, and brachial plexus. Essential protocols and processes were detailed in this report, including clinical workflow, optimized MR-image acquisition protocols, MR-adapted patient setup, strategies to overcome risks and challenges, and an MR-planning quality assurance program. This study retrospectively reviewed simulation site data for all MR-planning sessions performed for EBRT over the past 5 years. Results: From July 2016 to December 2021, 8798 MR-planning sessions were carried out, which corresponds to 25% of all computer tomography (CT) simulations (CT-planning) performed during the same period at our institution. There was a progressive rise from 80 MR-planning sessions in 2016 to 1126 in 2017, 1492 in 2018, 1824 in 2019, 2040 in 2020, and 2236 in 2021. As a result, the relative number of planning MR/CT increased from 3% of all planning sessions in 2016 to 36% in 2021. The most common site of MR-planning was CNS (49%), HN (13%), GYN (12%), GU (12%), and others (8%). Conclusion: Detailed clinical processes and protocols of our MR-planning program were presented, which have been improved over more than 5 years of robust experience. Strategies to overcome risks and challenges in the implementation process are highlighted. Our work provides details that can be used by institutions interested in implementing an MR-planning program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The future development of the country is on the hands of today's youth. Culture has the power to transform entire societies, strengthen local communities and forge a sense of identity and belonging for people of all ages. As a vector for youth development and civic engagement, culture plays an essential role in promoting sustainable social and economic development for future generations. Youth can act as a bridge between cultures and serve as key agents in promoting peace and intercultural understanding. It is said that the age of youth in India is 13 to 35 years. Therefore, The Ministry of Education and Youth held a seminar in April-May 1969 with youth leaders and representatives of various youth organizations. The seminar was about the large number of non-student youth than student youth and the lack of institutional facilities available to young people such as nonstudent youth Problems with integration were also discussed. It was also decided at the seminar to form a National Advisory Committee on Youth during the Fourth Five Year Plan. In 1970, the National Youth Advisory Council recommended the formation and implementation of a non-student youth group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Radiosurgery is a well-established available technique for treating many diseases and indications. Planning quality assessment is a crucial step in the procedure itself and outcome probabilities; either control or complication probability. Several physical indices and methodology have been developed to describe any plan. Accordingly, plan quality and outcome could be compared with other plans. In current study, the aim was to compare two plans with different isodose line using radiobiological model, tumor control probability (TCP), normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) and plan's physical indices. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study included 20 patients (5 male and 15 female) with median age of 44 years (21-66) and presented with radiologically diagnosed meningioma. Two radiosurgical forward plans were applied with same marginal dose of 12Gy at two different isodose lines of 50% and 75% isodose alternatively using Leksell Gamma Plan of single session GKS. Dose-Volume Histogram (DVH) was imported to MATLAB to compute TCP, NTCP values at 5 years for each plan, and physical indices such as coverage, selectivity, conformity, heterogeneity, and gradient indices. Results: Median target irradiated volume was 7.5 cm³ (0.588 -23.72). TCP was significantly higher in the plan using 50% isodose line for the marginal dose than that using 75% isodose line (95.05%, 49.44%, p<0.05, Independent Samples t-Test). Brainstem and optic apparatus NTCPs were very low 0.01% (0-0.045%) in the former plan and zero in the later one (p =0.001, Mann-Whitney test). Conclusion: Radiobiological models and physical indices could be used for the optimum plan selection of GKS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arte & Ensaio is the property of Arte & Ensaio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Making environmental regulation (ER) in line with local development reality is the key to promoting regional coordinated development. Current research mainly concentrates on the overall effect of ER or the policy effect of some specific regulations. In reality, the ERs are not always one-size-fits-all, and the evaluation of the biased ER's effect is mostly overlooked. This paper takes the biased energy-saving policy (BESP) of 13th Five Year Plan as an example and identifies the impact of the BESP on enterprises' total factor productivity (TFP) based on a Difference-in-Difference model. Our results suggest that the BESP has significant promotion on the enterprises' TFP. When considering the heterogeneity of enterprise and industrial characteristics, it can be found that large-scale, state-owned enterprises as well as enterprises with capital-intensive show more significant promotion effect from the BESP. Moreover, enterprises in high-energy consumption and low-tech industries also reveal more significant policy effect. Further, the results of the mechanism analysis indicate that the BESP promotes the enterprises' TFP mainly through enhancing technical-focused investment preference and narrowing technical gap within the industry. Our research fills the gap in the study of biased ER, which provides a new orientation for realizing the carbon neutrality goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our paper, we want to examine the situation in 2022 among young adults regarding self-efficacy, entrepreneurial attitude and character. Since several studies prove that entrepreneurial ambitions are the highest among young adults with a degree it seems obvious to conduct a survey among university students and examine its results. Students from two countryside universities were surveyed from the field of management studies, horticulture and engineering about their 5 years plan and how they think about entrepreneurship and their own attitude on this topic. The sample (N=323) results from a simple concentrated sampling; the total population is Hungarian students. A significant relationship was found along the indicators of openness to innovation (trying new things) and adventure, risk-seeking and excitement. Most of Bandura's questions are significant, those who imagine their adult life as an entrepreneur or in a family business are much more self-efficacious and have better problem-solving skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present sttrdy seeks to examine the performance of Iran's macroeconomic indicators during the six economic development plans in order to compare and rank the achievements of the plans. Based on a fundamental revision of the 2010 United Nations Human Development Report (until 2019) and guidelines on producing composite indicators (CIs) of United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (2019), CIs Method (by designing 6 dimensions of development in the form of 24 variables from internal and external sources) has been used The results of the sttrdy show that the first to fourth plans have been on the way to recovery, but the intensification of comprehensive US sanctions and in line with the cutrencj' war against Iran, the occurrence of sanctions against the Central Bank and sanctions on the purchase of oil from Iran in February' 2012 (the first year of the Fifth Plan), has significantly reduced the National Socio-Economic Development Index (NSED) in 2012-13, so that the average of this index for the fifth plan is lower than the average of the first plan. Managing the conditions of sanctions and the regular implementation of the resistance economy strategy during the early' Sixth Plan has strengthened this index, but the Corona Cisis Management can determine the more realistic position of the Sixth Plan. According to the results of Sensitivity Analysis, the fourth and third plans have been distinguished as the most successful development plans as well as the fifth and first plans with the weakest performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Food Chain Plus (FoCus) cohort was launched in 2011 for population-based research related to metabolic inflammation. To characterize this novel pathology in a comprehensive manner, data collection included multiple omics layers such as phenomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, genomics, and metagenomics as well as nutrition profiling, taste perception phenotyping and social network analysis. The cohort was set-up to represent a Northern German population of the Kiel region. Two-step recruitment included the randomised enrolment of participants via residents' registration offices and via the Obesity Outpatient Centre of the University Medical Center Schleswig–Holstein (UKSH). Hence, both a population- and metabolic inflammation- based cohort was created. In total, 1795 individuals were analysed at baseline. Baseline data collection took place between 2011 and 2014, including 63% females and 37% males with an age range of 18–83 years. The median age of all participants was 52.0 years [IQR: 42.5; 63.0 years] and the median baseline BMI in the study population was 27.7 kg/m2 [IQR: 23.7; 35.9 kg/m2]. In the baseline cohort, 14.1% of participants had type 2 diabetes mellitus, which was more prevalent in the subjects of the metabolic inflammation group (MIG; 31.8%). Follow-up for the assessment of disease progression, as well as the onset of new diseases with changes in subject's phenotype, diet or lifestyle factors is planned every 5 years. The first follow-up period was finished in 2020 and included 820 subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last half-century, the world's human population has doubled, impacting almost all ocean and land areas. The threats facing primates in the wild have never been greater or more complex. Primatologists have long been aware of these threats and, since the 1970s, have coordinated efforts to safeguard these threatened species, through the International Union for Conservation of Nature Species Survival Commission (IUCN SSC) Primate Specialist Group (PSG). In an effort to stem the threat of extinction to primates, this group of now 700 experts+ has published 17 conservation action plans since 1977. As we look toward the next half-century, we take stock of the history of primate action planning to better understand the costs and benefits of these plans as a conservation tool. Here, we reviewed all plans published by the IUCN SSC PSG. In total, they described USD 246 million in planned primate conservation programming and were cited 1657 times by others. We found that half of the plans had been assessed in regard to their implementation, although these assessments were not standardized. Those that had been assessed, showed evidence of positive impacts on awareness raising, collaboration, fundraising, project implementation and policy, although the impact varied by plan. For example, three of the plans directly resulted in USD 15.92 million in funds raised; four plans quantified implementation rates, which ranged from 38% to 74% of actions partially or completely achieved 5 years after plan publication; and four plans attributed the gazettement of 19 protected areas across 11 countries as indirect successes following the publication of plans. Considered together, we reflect on the 'return-on-investment' for developing these plans and consider a range of 'lessons learned' for future primate action planning efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The so-called health maps are an instrument for the promotion, democratization and right to public information in health. They have also been a tool for contextualizing and better targeting inequalities in the public health sector and other related sectors. This article aims to explain the elaboration of the health map of Mauritania, and its value in the planning and reordering of the supply of health services at all levels of the country's health pyramid in order to respond to the growing requests for information generated by various organizations, but mainly from the Mauritanian health sector. The methodology used to develop a participatory map of health assets in a specific African country is presented. The survey technique was used as a research procedure, as it allows data to be collected and processed quickly and efficiently. Geographic information systems were an important support to the work. The health map drawn up was a fundamental tool for the management and organization of the territory in terms of health planning for the following five years. It has enabled health resources to be organized in order to achieve a supply of services more suited to the needs of the population, avoiding duplication of care, while at the same time becoming a powerful instrument to support decision-making. This territorial knowledge of the country allowed and made possible the subsequent implementation of Health Development Plans in the regions with the greatest health inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]