76 results on '"FEMALE INCARCERATION"'
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2. CONDENANDO EVA: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE O IDEAL DE MATERNIDADE EM INSTITUIÇÕES PRISIONAIS.
- Author
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Hordones Chaves, Luana
- Abstract
This article proposes an analysis about the maternity of women in detention in prison institutions in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, in Minas Gerais. Based on the analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with professionals from two exclusively female units - the Estêvão Pinto Penitentiary Complex and the Center for Reference to Pregnant Women Deprived of Liberty - in the years 2017 and 2018, it seeks to understand the perception of these professionals about the experience of women mothers in prison. As a result, both institutional discourses and prison routines take the form of condemnation and punishment directed at those women who deviated from the ideal of motherhood present in our culture: that is, the mother entirely devoted to the life of her sons and daughters. In this sense, this paper deals with an ideal of maternity present in our society, and its contradiction: criminal mothers. Whether they are prevented from exercising their motherhood by the prison walls, or punished together with their sons and daughters in prison, imprisoned women mothers are judged beyond the infractions committed within the scope of the Justice System. It is, therefore, these convictions that this article deals with, mediated by the voices of other women: the employees of the prison institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Decisão judiciária, a autoria e o sentido jurídico: pesquisa empírica comunicativacionista do direito à prisão domiciliar para gestantes e mães de crianças até doze anos.
- Author
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Stamford da Silva, Artur and Lira de Barros, Jackson
- Subjects
HOME detention ,CRIMINAL procedure ,ORGANIZED crime ,DRUG traffic ,PREGNANT women ,JUDICIAL elections ,EXCEPTIONAL children - Abstract
Copyright of Direito e Práxis is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Letramentos de Mulheres Sobreviventes do Sistema Prisional em Processo de Remição de Pena: Uma Perspectiva Decolonial.
- Author
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Kleiman, Angela Bustos and de Bezerra de Araújo Santos, Ivonei
- Subjects
PRISON release ,PRISON system ,APPLIED linguistics ,ADULT literacy ,BUSINESSWOMEN ,HEALTH literacy - Abstract
Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. DA DENEGAÇÃO À CONVERSÃO DA PRISÃO PREVENTIVA EM DOMICILIAR ÀS MÃES: uma análise em atenção aos direitos infantojuvenis e às Regras de Bangkok.
- Author
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Aragão Costa, Camilla Ellen, Felix Nascimento, Reginaldo, and Gonçalves Silva, Rennan
- Subjects
- *
CHILDREN'S rights , *IMPRISONMENT , *FEMALES - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. An Overview: What We Know About Incarcerated Women and Girls
- Author
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Lane, Jodi and Hector, Jada, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Los sótanos de la prisión de Ventas: de prisión modelo para mujeres a víctima del Desarrollismo. Caracterización material e inmaterial de las estructuras conservadas.
- Author
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Holgado, Fernando Hernández, Talaverano, Rafael Martín, Fragero, José Ignacio Murillo, and Laforet, José María Sánchez
- Subjects
- *
FRANCOISM , *WOMEN prisoners , *IMPRISONMENT , *PRISONS , *BASEMENTS , *REPUBLICANISM - Abstract
The Second Republic's innovative reformatory project for the penitentiary required purpose-built buildings, such as the new Ventas women's prison (1933). However, the subsequent decline of Republicanism as well as the post-war phase of Francoist incarceration essentially turned Ventas into a repressive space. Even during late Francoism, the capital's policies of "Desarrollismo" proceeded to dismantle the building, transforming it into a residential complex. However, its early seventies' destruction has not prevented us from knowing its design in detail: thanks to the Archaeology of Architecture, we now know that parts of its basements have been preserved even to this very day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Delinquent Girls as Activists: Insider Activism and Carceral Welfare.
- Author
-
Wilson, Jacqueline Z. and Carlton, Bree
- Subjects
CHILD abuse ,ACTIVISM ,CHILD welfare ,JUVENILE offenders ,HISTORIC sites ,CULTURAL landscapes - Abstract
The article examines the motivation and role of the insider activism that resulted in the preservation of a major historical site of female incarceration, the Parramatta Female Factory Precinct, in suburban Sydney. For much of the 20th century the site was a "Girls' Home," in which children who had committed no offense were incarcerated under child welfare regulations and literally treated like criminals. Life in the institution was characterized by routine extreme maltreatment of children, many of whom have carried the psychological legacy of their time there throughout their lives. A group of survivors, moved to preserve and reclaim the space, spent many years contending with obdurate and indifferent bureaucracies before successfully having the site Heritage-listed, and it is now a member of the international Sites of Conscience. The Precinct's significance as a site of feminist carceral history is discussed, and its place in today's cultural landscape examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Fostering Family Relationships and Women’s Employment
- Author
-
Andrea Leverentz
- Subjects
re-entry ,family ,employment ,social context ,female incarceration ,Social Sciences ,Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology ,HV1-9960 - Abstract
Although people in prison share some commonalities, they also face distinct issues based on who they are and where they are incarcerated. In this article, I offer suggestions regarding re-entry programs and policies for women. I frame these policies through a broader lens of intersectionality and the importance of context. People are embedded in interlocking systems of power, and experiences and positionality are shaped along multiple dimensions. Additionally, to understand criminal justice responses, we must understand the local social, political and economic contexts, as these programs may not translate across jurisdictions if local considerations are not taken into account. Just as crime and criminal justice policies are embedded in larger social worlds, so too are re-entry programs. Three policy areas are considered within this larger framework: drug courts, family reunification and employment.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Enhancing Female Prisoners’ Access to Education
- Author
-
Judith A Ryder
- Subjects
prisons ,female prisoners ,female incarceration ,female offender ,Social Sciences ,Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology ,HV1-9960 - Abstract
The rate of female incarceration continues to surge, resulting in over 714,000 women currently being held behind bars worldwide. Females generally enter carceral facilities with low educational profiles, and educational programming inside is rarely a high priority. Access to education is a proven contributor to women’s social and economic empowerment and can minimise some of the obstacles they encounter after being released from custody. Support for the intellectual potential of incarcerated female ‘students’ can address intersecting inequalities that impede access to social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure. Policymakers, academics and activists concerned with gender equality must begin by focusing on academic and vocational program development for female prisoners, built through strong community partnerships, and inclusive of trauma informed supports.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DOS FUNDAMENTOS UTILIZADOS PELA JURISPRUDÊNCIA EM ALAGOAS PARA CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO CRIME DE TRÁFICO DE DROGAS, A PARTIR DE UMA PERSPECTIVA DE GÊNERO.
- Author
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da Silva Araújo, Mayara Stéffany and da Silva, Ivan Luiz
- Subjects
- *
DRUG traffic , *CRIMINOLOGY , *IMPRISONMENT , *GENDER , *FEMINISTS - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. O superencarceramento feminino em relação ao tráfico de drogas no Brasil.
- Author
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Cordazo, Karine and Ramos Lopes, Adrielly
- Subjects
- *
DRUG laws , *DRUG traffic , *PRISON population , *PRISON conditions , *CIVIL rights , *DRUG analysis , *HUMAN rights - Abstract
The present investigation intends to show how the Brazilian prison population has been increasing substantially during the last years, especially about women, who are the hardest hit by Law 11.343/06, the new Drug Law. Thus, we sought to list the main reasons that led them into drug trafficking, as well as their sociodemographic profile and their participation in this illegal trade. In addition, a brief critical analysis about the Drug Law will be exposed, notably due to the penal selectivity imbricated in its provisions. Thus, we also investigate the conditions of prisons in relation to their infrastructure, which is not appropriate for the female body, which has several specificities that international human rights treaties and constitutional principles aim to protect. To achieve the goal, the research methodology is based on a bibliographical and documentary review, developed through a survey of books, scientific articles, as well as the analysis of international human rights treaties and the Constitution of the Republic of 1988. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Design gráfico para atravessar muros: o processo criativo de um livro em diálogo com mulheres em situação de cárcere.
- Author
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Medeiros Moreira, Vânia and Leite Barbosa, Lara
- Subjects
PARTICIPATORY design ,MASS incarceration ,BOOK design ,GRAPHIC design ,PRISONS - Abstract
Copyright of Arcos: Design, Cultura e Visualidade is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Encarceramento Feminino em Presídio Misto.
- Author
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Cabral Nunes, Caroline and Sales Macedo, João Paulo
- Abstract
Female incarceration has increased alarmingly. However, the predominant existence of mixed prisons demonstrates a lack of investments in infrastructure and in specific institutional procedures for the confinement of this population. This study aimed to discuss the reality of female incarceration in mixed prisons based on participant observations and the reports of women prisoners about their experiences. From a gender perspective, it presents the particularities of these environments, the ways of life and the struggles of women incarcerated in the face of the difficulties experienced. There is a precarious access to specialized services for women's health, suitable spaces for pregnant women or nurseries, as well as for intimate visits. Institutional dynamics are characterized by moralistic and sexist practices in support of a male patriarchal order on the part of prisoners and men. However, there is also resistance, so that women experience different ways of exercising their sexualities, desires and collective insurrections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Hope in Women Participating in Alternative Sentencing Programs.
- Author
-
McIntosh, Heather Chancellor, Kezbers, Krista, Nichols, Rachel, and Hellman, Chan
- Subjects
- *
PREVENTION of psychological stress , *MINDFULNESS , *PILOT projects , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *PRISONERS , *SELF-control , *SELF-perception , *CRIMINALS , *HOPE , *PRE-tests & post-tests , *T-test (Statistics) , *COMPASSION , *STRESS management , *COMMUNITY-based social services , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DATA analysis software , *STATISTICAL correlation , *EMOTION regulation - Abstract
Purpose: Alternative sentencing programs for women with nonviolent drug offenses may provide opportunities to change the life trajectories of women and their families. The primary purpose of this study was to assess whether a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention could improve levels of hope following treatment. A second objective was to assess whether MBSR intervention could influence perceived stress, self-compassion, and mindfulness. Methods: Participants attended a 6-week mindfulness class, with outcomes measured using pretest–posttest survey comparison. Results: Paired sample t tests showed improvements in hope, stress, self-compassion, and mindfulness following treatment. Discussion: Community-based intervention models, such as MBSR therapy in alternative sentencing programs, may alleviate negative psychological impacts experienced by female offenders. These results align with previous research that suggests participants may see improved ability to regulate emotions following MBSR therapy. This research indicates that MBSR therapy, for women in alternative sentencing programs, may promote hope as a learned psychological skill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Histórias de vida de mulheres em situação de aprisionamento.
- Author
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de Assis Ribeiro, Fernanda Silva and Godinho, Letícia
- Subjects
- *
GENDER , *CRIMINAL justice system , *DRUG utilization , *IMPRISONMENT , *VIOLENCE against women - Abstract
CFF1ollects incarcerated women's testimonies of their lives that illustrates who are the people behind the incarceration numbers. Through their stories, the different dimensions of oppression they have experienced are brought out. In addition to gender, the dimensions of race and social class, the use of illegal drugs by relatives, violence and the experience within the criminal justice and prison system carry out an important role in these women's lives. The interviews were conducted in a female prison unit, in a pregnant and lactating unit, and in an Association for Protection and Assistance to Convicts. They were "transcreated" and analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. BLACK WOMEN UNDER FIRE
- Author
-
Juliana Borges
- Subjects
prohibitionism ,black women ,criminal justice ,female incarceration ,drug laws ,Law ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This article presents the way in which black women have been criminally punished in Brazil. It recalls how black women were punished with systematic rape during the slavery period. In contemporary times, when women are criminally punished they are considered abnormal, emotionally unbalanced and morally unstable, which leads to diagnoses of “incurable” ills such as madness and hysteria, which serve to corroborate a private sphere of punishment by religious networks and psychiatric establishments. 62% of women are confined due to guilt by association or drug trafficking. This piece of information leads the article to question the precarious nature of the war on drugs and to raise the need to strengthen the voices of women in prison – an emerging item on the human rights agenda.
- Published
- 2018
18. ENCARCERAMENTO E COVID19 À LUZ DA CRIMINOLOGIA FEMINISTA: A RECOMENDAÇÃO Nº62 DO CONSELHO NACIONAL DE JUSTIÇA COMO UM IMPULSO À EFETIVAÇÃO DE DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS DE MULHERES MÃES E GESTANTES PRESAS.
- Author
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Chiari Gonçalves, Vanessa, de Jesus Mota, Jessica, and Horowitz, Juliana
- Subjects
- *
COVID-19 , *HABEAS corpus , *IMPRISONMENT , *FEMALES , *MEASUREMENT - Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Aprendendo a ser mulher no cárcere.
- Author
-
Alves Araújo, Isabela Cristina and Hordones Chaves, Luana
- Abstract
Copyright of Intersecoes: Revista de Estudios Interdisciplinares is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. MÃES PRESAS: PALAVRAS E DESEJOS NÃO CUSTODIADOS.
- Author
-
Mendes Braga, Ana Gabriela and Xavier Pereira, Jéssica
- Subjects
WOMEN prisoners ,WOMEN'S rights ,ACCESS to justice ,JUSTICE administration ,MOTHERS - Abstract
Copyright of Quaestio Iuris (QI) is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Enhancing Female Prisoners' Access to Education.
- Author
-
Ryder, Judith A.
- Subjects
WOMEN prisoners ,RIGHT to education ,VOCATIONAL guidance ,MUNICIPAL services ,GENDER inequality - Abstract
The rate of female incarceration continues to surge, resulting in over 714,000 women currently being held behind bars worldwide. Females generally enter carceral facilities with low educational profiles, and educational programming inside is rarely a high priority. Access to education is a proven contributor to women's social and economic empowerment and can minimise some of the obstacles they encounter after being released from custody. Support for the intellectual potential of incarcerated female 'students' can address intersecting inequalities that impede access to social protection, public services and sustainable infrastructure. Policymakers, academics and activists concerned with gender equality must begin by focusing on academic and vocational program development for female prisoners, built through strong community partnerships, and inclusive of trauma informed supports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Fostering Family Relationships and Women's Employment.
- Author
-
Leverentz, Andrea
- Subjects
WOMEN'S employment ,FAMILIES ,FOSTER parents ,CRIME ,CRIMINAL justice policy - Abstract
Although people in prison share some commonalities, they also face distinct issues based on who they are and where they are incarcerated. In this article, I offer suggestions regarding reentry programs and policies for women. I frame these policies through a broader lens of intersectionality and the importance of context. People are embedded in interlocking systems of power, and experiences and positionality are shaped along multiple dimensions. Additionally, to understand criminal justice responses, we must understand the local social, political and economic contexts, as these programs may not translate across jurisdictions if local considerations are not taken into account. Just as crime and criminal justice policies are embedded in larger social worlds, so too are re-entry programs. Three policy areas are considered within this larger framework: drug courts, family reunification and employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Na dor e no amor: violência e rede de apoio no encarceramento feminino.
- Author
-
Diniz, Juliana, Seixas Magalhães, Andrea, and Cosmo Monteiro, Mayla
- Abstract
Copyright of O Social em Questão is the property of Faculdades Catolicas - Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
24. The female memory factory: How the gendered labour of memory creates mnemonic capital.
- Author
-
Reading, Anna, Pető, Andrea, and Phoenix, Ann
- Subjects
- *
MNEMONICS , *ECONOMIC systems , *WOMEN'S studies , *CRIMES against institutionalized persons , *IMPRISONMENT - Abstract
Within feminist memory studies the economy has largely been overlooked, despite the fact that the economic analysis of culture and society has long featured in research on women and gender. This article addresses that gap, arguing that the global economy matters in understanding the gender of memory and memories of gender. It models the conceptual basis for the consideration of a feminist economic analysis of memory that can reveal the dimensions of mnemonic transformation, accumulation and exchange through gendered mnemonic labour, gendered mnemonic value and gendered mnemonic capital. The article then applies the concepts of mnemonic labour and mnemonic capital in more detail through a case study of memory activism examining the work of the Parragirls and the Parramatta Female Factory Precinct Memory Project (PFFP) in Sydney, Australia. The campaigns have worked to recognize the memory and history of the longest continuous site of female containment in Australia built to support the British invasion. The site in Parramatta, which dates from the 1820s, was a female factory for transported convicts, a female prison, an asylum for women and girls, an orphanage and then Parramatta Girls Home. The Burramattagal People of Darug Clan are the Traditional Owners of the land and the site is of practical and spiritual importance to indigenous women. This local struggle is representative of a global economic system of gendered institutionalized violence and forgetting, The analysis shows how the mnemonic labour of women survivors accumulates as mnemonic value that is then transformed into institutional mnemonic capital. Focusing on how mnemonic labour creates lasting mnemonic capital reveals the gendered dimensions of memory which are critical for ongoing memory work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Delinquent Girls as Activists: Insider Activism and Carceral Welfare
- Author
-
Bree Carlton and Jacqueline Wilson
- Subjects
activism ,child welfare ,Urban Studies ,Cultural Studies ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Sites of Conscience ,Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management ,Geography, Planning and Development ,female incarceration ,Parramatta Female Factory Precinct ,child incarceration ,care-leavers - Abstract
The article examines the motivation and role of the insider activism that resulted in the preservation of a major historical site of female incarceration, the Parramatta Female Factory Precinct, in suburban Sydney. For much of the 20th century the site was a “Girls’ Home,” in which children who had committed no offense were incarcerated under child welfare regulations and literally treated like criminals. Life in the institution was characterized by routine extreme maltreatment of children, many of whom have carried the psychological legacy of their time there throughout their lives. A group of survivors, moved to preserve and reclaim the space, spent many years contending with obdurate and indifferent bureaucracies before successfully having the site Heritage-listed, and it is now a member of the international Sites of Conscience. The Precinct’s significance as a site of feminist carceral history is discussed, and its place in today’s cultural landscape examined.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Encarceramento feminino e COVID-19: a atuação do Tribunal de Justiça do Distrito Federal e dos Territórios (TJDFT) na (in)efetivação dos direitos das mulheres presas no sistema penitenciário do Distrito Federal
- Author
-
Caixeta Maciel, Welliton and Silva Brito, Nathália
- Subjects
Encarceramento Feminino ,Criminologia Feminista ,Encarcelamiento Femenino ,Resolución CNJ nº 62 ,COVID-19 Pandemic ,Resolução CNJ nº 62 ,Criminología Feminista ,Resolution nº 62 ,Federal District Women’s Penitentiary (PFDF) ,Pandemia de COVID-19 ,Penitenciária Feminina do Distrito Federal (PFDF) ,Penitenciaría de Mujeres del Distrito Federal (PFDF) ,Female Incarceration ,Feminist Criminology - Abstract
In this article, we analyze the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the reality of women preventively imprisoned in the Female Penitentiary of the Federal District (PFDF), as well as the performance of the Court of Justice of the Federal District and Territories (TJDFT) in the execution (or no) of the rights of these women, in compliance with Recommendation nº 62 of the National Council of Justice (CNJ). To this end, we carried out a bibliographic and documentary survey, from multiple sources, guided by the ethnographic perspective of material collection, including the observant participation of lives and podcasts. Based on a theoretical and empirical corpus, we contextualize the issue of women's incarceration and female invisibility in traditional criminological thinking, highlighting the need for a way of understanding the processes of criminalization and victimization of women guided by Feminist Criminology. By observing the Judiciary's role in keeping women in prison during the pandemic, we contrast studies that demonstrate the tendency of the courts to deny requests for freedom and/or house arrest through standardized speeches. That is, in the face of a system intentionally engineered from abandonment and oblivion that, even during the pandemic, reinforced the dehumanization of imprisoned bodies, especially those who menstruate; we concluded that the law alone did not solve the public health problems of the DF prisons resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic, as it was also evident that the TJDFT did not comply with the guideline of Recommendation nº 62, of the CNJ, for extrication and adoption alternative measures to imprisonment., En este artículo analizamos los impactos de la pandemia del Covid-19 en la realidad de las mujeres en prisión preventiva en la Penitenciaría Femenina del Distrito Federal (PFDF), así como la actuación del Tribunal de Justicia del Distrito Federal y Territorios (TJDFT) en la ejecución (o no) de los derechos de estas mujeres, en cumplimiento de la Recomendación nº 62 del Consejo Nacional de Justicia (CNJ). Para ello, realizamos un levantamiento bibliográfico y documental, de múltiples fuentes, guiados por la perspectiva etnográfica de recolección de materiales, incluyendo la participación observadora de live y podcasts. Con base en un corpus teórico y empírico, contextualizamos la cuestión del encarcelamiento de mujeres y la invisibilidad femenina en el pensamiento criminológico tradicional, destacando la necesidad de una forma de entender los procesos de criminalización y victimización de las mujeres guiada por la Criminología Feminista. Al observar el papel del Poder Judicial en el mantenimiento de las mujeres en prisión durante la pandemia, contrastamos estudios que demuestran la tendencia de los tribunales a negar pedidos de libertad y/o prisión domiciliaria a través de discursos estandarizados. Es decir, frente a un sistema intencionadamente diseñado desde el abandono y el olvido que, aún durante la pandemia, reforzó la deshumanización de los cuerpos encarcelados, especialmente de los que menstrúan; concluimos que la ley por sí sola no resolvió los problemas de salud pública de las cárceles del DF resultante de la pandemia del Covid-19, pues también fue evidente que el TJDFT no cumplió con la directriz de la Recomendación nº 62, del CNJ, para la descarcelación y adopción de medidas alternativas a la prisión., Analisamos, neste artigo, os impactos da pandemia da Covid-19 na realidade das mulheres presas preventivamente na Penitenciária Feminina do Distrito Federal (PFDF), bem como a atuação do Tribunal de Justiça do Distrito Federal e dos Territórios (TJDFT) na efetivação (ou não) dos direitos dessas mulheres, em observância à Recomendação nº 62, do Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ). Para tanto, realizamos levantamento bibliográfico e documental, a partir de múltiplas fontes, orientados pela perspectiva etnográfica de coleta de materiais, inclusive com participação observante de lives e podcasts. A partir corpus teórico e empírico, contextualizamos a problemática do encarceramento de mulheres e a invisibilidade feminina no pensamento criminológico tradicional, destacando a necessidade de um modo de compreensão dos processos de criminalização e vitimização das mulheres orientado pela Criminologia Feminista. Ao observarmos a atuação do Judiciário na manutenção de mulheres no cárcere durante a pandemia, contrastamos estudos que demonstram a tendência dos tribunais na negação de pedidos de liberdade e/ou prisão domiciliar por meio de discursos padronizados. Ou seja, diante de um sistema intencionalmente arquitetado a partir do abandono e do esquecimento que, mesmo durante a pandemia, reforçou a desumanização dos corpos presos, principalmente daqueles que menstruam; concluímos que o Direito por si só não solucionou os problemas de saúde pública dos presídios do DF decorrentes da pandemia de Covid-19, como também ficou evidenciado que o TJDFT não cumpriu a diretriz da Recomendação nº 62, do CNJ, para o desencarceramento e adoção de medidas alternativas à prisão.
- Published
- 2022
27. BLACK WOMEN UNDER FIRE.
- Author
-
Borges, Juliana
- Subjects
- *
BLACK women , *HYSTERIA , *HUMAN rights - Abstract
This article presents the way in which black women have been criminally punished in Brazil. It recalls how black women were punished with systematic rape during the slavery period. In contemporary times, when women are criminally punished they are considered abnormal, emotionally unbalanced and morally unstable, which leads to diagnoses of "incurable" ills such as madness and hysteria, which serve to corroborate a private sphere of punishment by religious networks and psychiatric establishments. 62% of women are confined due to guilt by association or drug trafficking. This piece of information leads the article to question the precarious nature of the war on drugs and to raise the need to strengthen the voices of women in prison - on emerging item on the human rights agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
28. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOTHERHOOD, SOCIAL REPRODUCTION AND NEOLIBERALISM IN THE BRAZILIAN NATIONAL POLICY OF CARE FOR INCARCERATED AND RELEASED FROM THE PRISON SYSTEM WOMEN
- Author
-
Aline Cangira Medeiros and Fernanda Mitsue Soares Onuma
- Subjects
Encarceramento Feminino ,Social Reproduction ,Environmental Engineering ,Maternidade ,Maternity ,Análise Crítica do Discurso ,Maternidad ,Estado ,Encarcelamiento de Mujeres ,Critical Discourse Analysis ,Reproducción Social ,Reprodução Social ,Female Incarceration ,Análisis Crítica del Discurso ,State - Abstract
RESUMO Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender as relações dialéticas entre o discurso da Política Nacional de Atenção às Mulheres em Situação de Privação de Liberdade e Egressas do Sistema Prisional (PNAMPE), o neoliberalismo e a reprodução social. O Estado capitalista é aqui entendido na perspectiva marxista, como o consenso político das massas produzido para atender a necessidades materiais e históricas das classes dominantes, visando o controle social pelo amortecimento do real conflito social capitalista: o de classes. Em tempos de crises cíclicas do capital as classes dominantes se valem de discursos ideológicos como os do neoconservadorismo, a fim de garantir o controle social e alocar mulheres, sobretudo negras e pobres, ao trabalho reprodutivo, garantindo a reprodução social em face a cortes de políticas públicas que atendem aos desígnios neoliberais. Buscando compreender a relação entre reprodução social e neoliberalismo com o discurso da PNAMPE, utiliza-se da proposta teórico-metodológica da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD), em Norman Fairclough. Os resultados apontam que o sistema prisional se volta para a regulação do mercado de trabalho capitalista e a PNAMPE contribui para a dominação e regulação social pelas classes dominantes, garantindo que o trabalho de reprodução social seja atribuído às mulheres em situação de privação de liberdade, sobretudo aquelas que se tornam mães. This article aims to understand the dialectical relations between the discourse of the National Policy for Attention to Women in Situations of Deprivation of Liberty and Egresses from the Prison System (PNAMPE), neoliberalism and social reproduction. The capitalist State is understood here in the Marxist perspective, as the political consensus of the masses produced to meet the material and historical needs of the dominant classes, aiming at social control by dampening the real capitalist social conflict: that of classes. In times of cyclical crises of capital, the ruling classes make use of ideological discourses such as those of neoconservatism, in order to guarantee social control and allocate women, especially black and poor, to reproductive work, guaranteeing social reproduction in the face of budget cuts in policies. Seeking to understand the relationship between social reproduction and neoliberalism with the discourse of PNAMPE, it uses the theoretical-methodological proposal of Critical Discourse Analysis (ACD), in Norman Fairclough. The results show that the prison system serves to the regulation of the capitalist labor market and PNAMPE contributes to the domination and social regulation by the dominant classes, ensuring that social reproduction is assigned to women deprived of liberty, especially those who become mothers. Teniendo en cuenta la Política Nacional de Atención a las Mujeres Privadas de Libertad y Egresas del Sistema Penitenciario (PNAMPE), creada en 2014, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo comprender las relaciones dialécticas entre el discurso del PNAMPE, el neoliberalismo y la reproducción social. El Estado capitalista es entendido aquí en la perspectiva marxista como el consenso político de las masas producido para satisfacer las necesidades materiales e históricas de las clases dominantes, buscando el control social amortiguando el actual conflicto social capitalista: el de los tipos. Sin embargo, en tiempos de crisis cíclicas del capital, las clases dominantes, a través del aparato estatal hegemónico, hacen uso de discursos ideológicos como los del neoconservadurismo para garantizar el control social y destinar a las mujeres, sobre todo negras y pobres, al trabajo reproductivo, garantizando la reproducción social frente a los recortes en las políticas públicas que atienden a los diseños neoliberales. Buscando comprender la relación entre reproducción social y neoliberalismo con el discurso del PAMPE, utilizamos la propuesta teórico-metodológica del Análisis Crítico del Discurso (ACD) de Norman Fairclough. Los resultados indican que el propósito del PAMPE se centró en satisfacer el papel del Estado capitalista neoliberal en el mantenimiento de la dominación y regulación social por parte de las clases dominantes, asegurando que el trabajo de reproducción social sea destinado a las mujeres en situación de privación de libertad, sobre todo, las que se convierten en madres.
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- 2022
29. O superencarceramento feminino em relação ao tráfico de drogas no Brasil (Women mass encarceration on drug trafficking in Brazil)
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Cordazzo, Karine, Ramos Lopes, Adrielly, Cordazzo, Karine, and Ramos Lopes, Adrielly
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The present investigation intends to show how the Brazilian prison population has been increasing substantially during the last years, especially about women, who are the hardest hit by Law 11.343/06, the new Drug Law. Thus, we sought to list the main reasons that led them into drug trafficking, as well as their sociodemographic profile and their participation in this illegal trade. In addition, a brief critical analysis about the Drug Law will be exposed, notably due to the penal selectivity imbricated in its provisions. Thus, we also investigate the conditions of prisons in relation to their infrastructure, which is not appropriate for the female body, which has several specificities that international human rights treaties and constitutional principles aim to protect. To achieve the goal, the research methodology is based on a bibliographical and documentary review, developed through a survey of books, scientific articles, as well as the analysis of international human rights treaties and the Constitution of the Republic of 1988., A investigação em tela pretende demonstrar que a população carcerária brasileira vem aumentando substancialmente durante os últimos anos, especialmente em relação as mulheres, por serem as mais atingidas pela Lei 11.343/06, a nova Lei de Drogas. Assim, busca-se elencar os principais motivos que as levam a adentrar no tráfico de drogas, bem como analisar seu perfil sociodemográfico e entender de que forma atuam nesse comércio ilegal. Além disso, será exposta uma breve análise crítica acerca da Lei de Drogas, notadamente em virtude da seletividade penal imbricada em suas disposições. Por fim, investiga-se também as condições das unidades prisionais em relação a sua infraestrutura e nota-se que ela é inapropriada para o corpo feminino, pois ele possui diversas especificidades amparadas por tratados internacionais de direitos humanos e princípios constitucionais. Para atingir o objetivo almejado, a metodologia de pesquisa fundamenta-se na revisão de tipo bibliográfica e documental de caráter qualitativo, desenvolvida mediante o levantamento de livros, artigos científicos e documentos que versam acerca do tema, bem como através da análise de tratados internacionais de direitos humanos e da Constituição da República de 1988.
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- 2022
30. MATERNITY IN THE BRAZILIAN CRIMINAL SYSTEM: an analysis of the references legal and political issues and the challenges of the Free Women Project
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BONGO, Dominick Luzolo Veloso, GONÇALVES, Cláudia Maria da Costa, SOUSA, Mônica Teresa Costa, and SOUSA, Salviana de Maria Pastor Santos
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Políticas Públicas ,Maternidade ,Maternity ,Female Incarceration ,Free Women Project ,Public Policies ,Projeto Mulheres Livres ,Encarceramento Feminino - Abstract
Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2022-10-21T16:30:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dominick Luzolo.pdf: 78699574 bytes, checksum: c524e43289b0e549d6c6cf7c1886bdfe (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-10-21T16:30:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dominick Luzolo.pdf: 78699574 bytes, checksum: c524e43289b0e549d6c6cf7c1886bdfe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022-07-21 CAPES This Dissertation has as its main theme the maternity in the Brazilian penal system, having as an empirical parameter the Free Women Project (Projeto Mulheres Livres), which was created in 2017 by the National Penitentiary Department-DEPEN (Departamento Penitenciário Nacional), and aimed to promote policies that cover women deprived of liberty who are pregnant, or who are mothers of children in early childhood age, to mitigate the social impacts resulting from incarceration, prioritizing the well-being of the child. Its general objective is to analyze the legal and political foundations in the formulation of the “Free Women” Project as a public policy aimed at reducing the vulnerability of families who have mothers deprived of their liberty, considering: the socio-historical context of the process of formulating the “Free Women Project.”; the legal and political references that supported the formulation of the policy, and finally, to evaluate the elements that constitute the policy, and the challenges to implement them. With a qualitative approach, it was used a bibliographic and documentary research, as well as secondary data analysis. Based on Bourdieu's reflexive sociology, in which it is understood that it is necessary to distinguish rigidity from scientific rigor, seeking to use the various methodological resources available in the various related contexts, and also in the analysis of discourse supported by Foucaultian literature, it is considered that the public policies aimed at maternity in the penal system are formulated in the context of different political and legal grounds and interests. As a result, it is observed that the absence of systematization of data from the beneficiary public makes it difficult to assess the real conditions of maternity in the criminal system, thus preventing the referral to social protection services and the labor market, goals set by the Project for social reintegration based on the best interests of the child and the effectiveness of the policy. Esta Dissertação tem como temática a maternidade no sistema penal brasileiro tendo como parâmetro empírico o Projeto Mulheres Livres, que foi criado em 2017 pelo Departamento Penitenciário Nacional-DEPEN, e teve como objetivo fomentar políticas que abranjam mulheres privadas de liberdade que estão grávidas, ou que são mães de crianças na primeira infância, para atenuar os impactos sociais que o encarceramento resulta, priorizando o bem- estar da criança. Tem como objetivo geral analisar a fundamentação jurídica e política na formulação do Projeto Mulheres Livres como política pública voltada à diminuição da vulnerabilidade das famílias que possuem mães privadas de liberdade, considerando: o contexto sócio-histórico do processo de formulação do Projeto “Mulheres Livres”; os referenciais jurídicos e políticos que embasaram a formulação da política, e por fim, avaliar os elementos que constituem a política, e os desafios para concretizá-las. Com abordagem qualitativa, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, bem como, análise de dados secundários. Com base na sociologia reflexiva de Bourdieu, no qual se compreende que é necessário distinguir a rigidez do rigor científico, buscando utilizar os diversos recursos metodológicos disponíveis nos variados contextos correlatos, e também na análise de discurso amparada na literatura Foucaultiana, considera-se que as políticas públicas direcionadas a maternidade no sistema penal, são formuladas no contexto de distintas fundamentações e interesses políticos e jurídicos. Como resultado, observa-se que a ausência de sistematização de dados do público beneficiário, dificulta a avaliação das reais condições da maternidade no sistema penal, impedindo assim, o encaminhamento aos serviços de proteção social e ao mercado de trabalho, metas estabelecidas pelo Projeto para reinserção social com fulcro no melhor interesse da criança e na efetividade da política.
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- 2022
31. LEGITIMAÇÃO PELA DETURPAÇÃO: A SUBVERSÃO DO DISCURSO FEMINISTA COMO JUSTIFICATIVA PARA O ENCARCERAMENTO.
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Natália Lucero Frias Tavares and Antonio Eduardo Ramires Santoro
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- 2017
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32. Criminalidade, Gênero e sexualidade em uma penitenciária para mulheres no Brasil.
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Cordeiro, Fabíola
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Copyright of Trivium (2176-4891) is the property of Mestrado Profissional em Psicanalise, Saude e Sociedade da Universidade Veiga de Almeida and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2017
- Full Text
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33. O crescimento do encarceramento feminino no Brasil e suas repercurssões no estado da Bahia: vulnerabilidade social e o papel da midia na divulgação da mulher infratora
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Santos, Mary Bispo dos, Cunha, Luís, and Universidade do Minho
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Encarceramento Feminino ,Media ,Ciências Sociais::Sociologia ,Criminalidade ,Criminality ,Crime ,Extrication ,Female Incarceration ,Mídia ,Desencarceramento - Abstract
Dissertação de mestrado em Crime, Diferença e Desigualdade, Este estudo trata do crescimento do encarceramento feminino no estado da Bahia/Brasil, onde se buscou relatar os fatores responsáveis pela ocorrência de tal fenómeno enfaticamente retratado pelos meios midiáticos, tanto ao nível nacional como internacional. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica que se utiliza de fontes primarias e secundarias, com o objetivo de entender o que leva a mulher a cometer ações delituosas e, por consequência, passar por um processo de reeducação e reintegração ao mundo das relações sociais. Para tanto recorreu-se a textos de criminologia, como tratados, livros clássicos, revistas académicas e periódicos, como artigos de jornais e sites especializados na temática. Vale lembrar da contribuição por órgãos públicos como: Infopen, IBGE, IPEA, SEAP, COI, entre outros, tais como: ONG,S que desempenham atividades voltadas a classificação do crime no contexto da sociedade brasileira e bahiana. No primeiro capítulo voltou-se à atenção para uma abordagem sócio-histórica da criminalidade resgatando-se as formas que revestiram as ideias predominantes em cada momento histórico considerados importantes. Agregados a isto enumerou-se várias teorias que subsidiaram de forma epistemológica a elaboração de códigos ou leis processuais. No segundo capítulo a ênfase foi dada a questão do universo feminino caracterizada a partir de teorias que procuram compreender o gênero e suas correlações com o mundo sócio-histórico configurado por uma relação dialética do poder hierarquizado socialmente. Deixando claro que este tipo de relacionamento, dentro do Universo da criminalidade feminina brasileira é sempre marcada como um fenômeno caracterizado pela exclusão da mulher na elaboração e suplementação de políticas públicas pertinentes a questão da criminalidade em discussão. Havendo, no entanto, mudanças de perspectivas nos últimos anos com a pressão exercida sobre o poder público por organismos nacionais e internacionais ( recorda se aqui o dispositivo da Lei Maria da Penha, dentre outros). Prossegue-se a investigação procurando analisar o papel da mídia escrita bahiana e possíveis intenções presentes na tentativa de manutenção de rótulos e estereótipos acerca da mulher infratora resgatando os elementos sócios-culturais que contribuem para essa manutenção. Destacando-se assim, fatores como: pobreza, exclusão social e educação como elementos relevantes à prática de crimes e delitos. Dessa forma a concentração de renda juntamente com o agravamento da pobreza ao longo dos últimos anos representa um desafio a ser superado pelo país no combate a criminalidade e especialmente a Bahia por apresentar o maior número de pessoas extremamente pobres do Brasil., This study deals with the growth of female incarceration in the state of Bahia/Brazil, where we sought to report the factors responsible for the occurrence of this phenomenon becoming emphatic by the media, both nationally and internationally. The methodology used was the literature review that uses primary and secondary sources, with the objective of understanding what leads women to commit criminal actions and, consequently, go through a process of re-education and reintegration into the world of social relations. To use criminology text, such as treaties, classic books, academic journals and periodicals, such as newspaper articles and sites specialized in the theme. It is worth remembering the contribution by public agencies such as: Infopen, IBGE, IPEA, SEAP, IOC, among others, such as: NGO,S that perform activities aimed at the classification of crime in the context of Brazilian and Bahian society. In the beginning chapter, attention was turned to a socio-historical approach to crime by rescuing the forms that had the predominant ideas in each historical moment considered important. Added to this, several theories were listed that supported in an epidemiological way the elaboration of procedural codes or laws. In the second chapter the emphasis is given to the question of the feminine universe characterizes from theories that seek to understand gender and its correlations with the socio-historical world configured by a dialectical relationship of socially hierarchical power. What was understood that this type of relationship within the universe of female crime is always marked as a phenomenon that was characterized by the exclusion of women in the elaboration and supplementation of Brazilian public policies pertinent to the issue of crime. Changing perspectives in recent years by pressuring the government by national and international organizations (Recall here the provision of the Maria da Penha Law, among others). The investigation continues by researching the real intentions present in the Bahian written press trying to rescue the socio-cultural elements that stereotype the offending woman. Thus, factors such as: poverty, social exclusion and education stand out as relevant elements to the practice of crimes and crimes. Thus, the concentration of income together with the worsening of poverty over the last few years represents a challenge to be overcome by the country in the fight against crime and especially Bahia, as it has the largest number of extremely poor people in Brazil.
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- 2022
34. Decree 546 and Female Imprisonment in Colombia: Considering the Impact of Empty Policy on Institutional Trust
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Castaño-Metal, Daniela and Douglas, Marcela
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female incarceration - Abstract
What happens to institutional trust when fundamental human rights are not respected by the laws meant to protect them? The social and political environment spurred by the Covid 19 pandemic proved difficult for policymakers and the public alike, but perhaps those with the least agency fared the worst, prisoners. This thesis theorizes the concept of loss of institutional trust as a consequence of “empty policies”, through a feminist constructivist grounded theory study of Decree 546 and its effect on female detainees in Colombia. Intended as a decarceration measure to reduce the rate of Covid-19 transmission among inmates as a means of protecting the rights and health of detainees, few were eligible for release under the law due to a lengthy list of exclusions. The exclusion of drug-related offences had disproportionate impacts on female detainees, whose demographic makeup represents one of the most vulnerable groups in Colombian society both inside and outside the carceral system. An exploration and analysis of Decree 546 and responses to it, underpin the theoretical assumptions made in this thesis, where then, parallels are drawn to the wider context of the Colombian government’s responses to issues facing the country’s most vulnerable groups.
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- 2022
35. As políticas criminais de drogas no Brasil e as alternativas ao encarceramento feminino
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Coutinho, Camila Canazaro and Gonçalves, Vanessa Chiari
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Prisão feminina ,Drug trafficking ,Electronic monitoring ,Cannabis legalization ,Tráfico de drogas ,Female incarceration ,Drug criminal policy ,Política criminal de drogas - Abstract
Além dos efeitos negativos produzidos pelo aprisionamento na vida dos filhos pequenos destas mulheres e do fato de que no tráfico de drogas a maioria das mulheres exercem papéis secundários, o microtráfico, ou atividades vulneráveis como de “mula” para o transporte de drogas. Nas últimas duas décadas ocorreu um aumento expressivo no encarceramento de mulheres no Brasil, primordialmente pelo crime de tráfico de drogas, sendo que a repressiva política criminal de drogas do país teve uma grande contribuição para o crescimento da população feminina aprisionada, especialmente a partir da promulgação da Lei nº. 11.343/06. Diante disso, esta pesquisa parte do seguinte problema de pesquisa: Que tipo de política criminal de drogas poderia ser adotada capaz de minimizar o hiperencarceramento feminino por tráfico de drogas no Brasil ? Realiza-se o estudo por meio do método dialético de abordagem e se utiliza da criminologia crítica e da criminologia feminista como marcos teóricos para a pesquisa. Conclui-se que é essencial propor alternativas à atual política criminal de drogas no Brasil, diante do entendimento de que romper com o paradigma proibicionista é imprescindível. Nesse sentido, a adoção da via uruguaia de regulação da cannabis demonstra-se uma proposta para uma política de drogas adequada e viável para o Brasil, em razão desse modelo responder às expectativas de funcionamento, assim, propõe-se adotar uma política criminal de drogas que caminhe em direção à legalização da cannabis. Por fim, verificou-se que é necessário debater a aplicação do monitoramento eletrônico para todas as mulheres condenadas pelo crime de tráfico de drogas desde o início do cumprimento da pena, especialmente no caso de mulheres grávidas e com filhos pequenos dependentes, diante da vulnerabilidade das mulheres em situação de cárcere que possuem necessidades e demandas específicas. Besides the negative effects produced by imprisonment in the life of these women’s small children and the fact that in drug trafficking most women play secondary roles, micro-trafficking, or vulnerable activities such as “mule” for drug transport. For the past two decades, there has been an expressive increase in women’s imprisonment in Brazil, primarily for the crime of drug trafficking, being that the repressive drug criminal policy in the country has had a great contribution for the increase in the imprisoned female population, especially since the promulgation of the Law nº. 11.343/06. That said, this research comes from the following research problem: What type of drug criminal policy could be adopted capable to minimize the female hyper-incarceration by drug trafficking in Brazil? It is done a study through the dialectical method of approach and it is used critical criminology and feminist criminology as the theoretical framework for the research. The study concludes that is essential to propose alternatives to the current drug criminal policy in Brazil, facing the understanding that breaking with the prohibitionist paradigm is indispensable. In this sense, the adoption of the Uruguayan model of cannabis regulation shows itself as the proposal of a viable and adequate drug policy for Brazil, because this model answers to functioning expectations, therefore, it is proposed the adoption of a drug criminal policy that walks towards cannabis legalization. Finally, it was verified that it is necessary to debate the application of electronic monitoring for all women convicted of the crime of drug trafficking from the beginning of their sentences, especially in the case of pregnant women and women with small, dependent children, considering the vulnerability of women in such prison situation that have specific needs and demands.
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- 2022
36. Encarceramento de mulheres na Penitenciária Modulada de Ijuí/RS: o caso de uma instituição prisional (masculinamente) mista no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19
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Belinaso, Camila and Carvalho, Salo de
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Criminologia Feminista ,Encarceramento Feminino ,Prisão ,Criminologia crítica ,Prisons ,Covid-19 Pandemic ,Criminología crítica ,Criminología feminista ,Pandemia de COVID-19 ,Prisión ,Encarcelamiento de mujeres ,Female Incarceration ,Feminist Criminology ,Critical Criminology - Abstract
Official data from the Brazilian National Prison Department (DEPEN) shows that Brazilian prison facilities have the fourth highest female incarcerated population in the world and intense overcrowding. With the Covid-19 pandemic being declared, the public authorities established criteria for the release by Recommendation No. 62, of March 17, 2020, edited by the National Council of Justice (CNJ). In this scenario, the study aims to analyze the condition of punitive overload by verifying the (in) effectiveness of this recommendation. From feminist and critical criminologies, within the framework of penal abolitionism, field research is carried out at the State Modulated Penitentiary of Ijuí (PMI), one of the prison institutions that make up the 3rd Penitentiary Region of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Thus, by collecting data from criminal records and semi-structured interviews, the study specifically aims to (a) verify the level of effectiveness of the limiting rules for maintaining and decreeing prisons in the context of the pandemic; and (b) to identify the punitive burdens suffered by women deprived of their liberty, that is, the higher level of rights restrictions imposed on women compared to the rights granted to men imprisoned in the same environment, notably because the prison institution is analyzed ( masculinely) mixed. As a conclusion, it remains that staying in illegal conditions of incarceration despite the crisis is legitimized by judicial and administrative decisions. Los datos oficiales del Departamento Penitenciario de Brasil (DEPEN) muestran que las cárceles brasileñas tienen la cuarta población carcelaria femenina más grande del mundo, en un contexto de considerable falta de vacantes. Con la promulgación de la Pandemia Covid-19, las autoridades públicas establecieron criterios para el desencarcelamiento mediante la Recomendación No. 62, de 17 de marzo de 2020, editada por el Consejo Nacional de Justicia (CNJ). En este escenario, el estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la condición de sobrecarga punitiva verificando la (in) efectividad de esta Recomendación. Desde las criminologías feminista y crítica, en el marco del abolicionismo penal, la investigación de campo se realiza en la Penitenciaría Estatal Modulada de Ijuí (PMI), una de las instituciones carcelarias que conforman la 3ª Región Penitenciaria de Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Así, a través de datos de antecedentes penales y entrevistas semiestructuradas, el estudio tiene como objetivo específico (a) verificar el nivel de efectividad de las reglas limitantes para el mantenimiento y decreto de prisiones en el contexto de la pandemia; y (b) identificar las cargas punitivas que sufren las mujeres privadas de libertad, es decir, el mayor nivel de restricciones de derechos que se les impone a las mujeres en comparación con los derechos otorgados a los hombres presos en el mismo entorno, en particular porque se analiza la institución penitenciaria ( masculina) adaptada al femenino. Como conclusión, queda que permanecer en condiciones ilegales de encarcelamiento a pesar de la crisis está legitimada por decisiones judiciales y administrativas. Os dados oficiais do Departamento Penitenciário brasileiro (DEPEN) demonstram que as prisões brasileiras possuem a quarta maior população feminina carcerária do mundo, em um contexto de considerável déficit de vagas. Com a decretação da Pandemia de Covid-19, o poder público estabeleceu critérios para desencarceramento através da Recomendação nº 62, de 17 de março de 2020, editada pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ). Neste cenário, o estudo tem como objetivo central analisar a condição de sobrecarga punitiva mediante a verificação da (in)eficácia dessa Recomendação. Desde as criminologias feminista e crítica, no marco do abolicionismo penal, é realizada pesquisa de campo na Penitenciária Modulada Estadual de Ijuí (PMI), uma das instituições carcerárias que compõem a 3ª Região Penitenciária do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Assim, mediante coleta de dados em prontuários penais e entrevistas semiestruturadas, o estudo objetiva, especificamente, (a) verificar o nível de efetividade das regras limitativas de manutenção e decretação de prisões no contexto da pandemia; e (b) identificar as sobrecargas punitivas que sofrem as mulheres privadas de liberdade, ou seja, o maior nível de restrições de direitos impostos às mulheres em comparação com os direitos concedidos aos homens presos no mesmo ambiente, notadamente por ser a instituição prisional analisada (masculinamente) mista. A título de conclusão tem-se que a permanência nas condições ilegais de encarceramento apesar da crise está legitimada por decisões judiciais e administrativas.
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- 2021
37. Literature reading in the prision environment: an experience with readers in Penitenciária Feminina da Capital (PFC-SP)
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Fernanda Mendes Soares Barreiros and Vima Lia de Rossi Martin
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Prison system ,Leitura literária ,Penalty remission ,Encarceramento feminino ,Humanização ,Literature reading ,Female incarceration ,Remissão de pena ,Humanization ,Sistema prisional - Abstract
Este texto traça considerações sobre experiências de leitura literária em situação de cárcere a partir de um projeto de remição de pena através da leitura desenvolvido durante dois anos – 2018 e 2019 – com cerca de cinquenta mulheres internas na Penitenciária Feminina da Capital (PFC) na cidade de São Paulo. Para contextualizar o projeto, apresenta-se inicialmente um breve panorama das políticas de encarceramento no Brasil; na sequência, são delineadas as principais linhas de força das ações desenvolvidas na penitenciária; e, por fim, reflete-se sobre o potencial da leitura literária no favorecimento de processos de humanização e de construção e reconstrução de nossas identidades pessoais e coletivas. This text outlines considerations on literary reading experiences in prison from a remission project through reading developed during two years - 2018 and 2019 - with about fifty women interns in the Women's Penitentiary of the Capital (PFC) in the city from Sao Paulo. To contextualize the project, a brief overview of the incarceration policies in Brazil is initially presented; next, the main lines of force of the actions developed in the penitentiary are outlined; and, finally, it reflects on the potential of literary reading in favoring humanization processes and the construction and reconstruction of our personal and collective identities.
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- 2021
38. A IMPOSSIBILIDADE DE COMPREENSÃO DO UNIVERSO FEMININO NA PRISÃO JUSTIFICADA PELA PERSPECTIVA ANDROCÊNTRICA
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Silva Moreira, Sabrina and Mélo Miranda de Oliveira, José Carlos
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Androcentrism ,Human Rights ,Female Incarceration ,Justice System ,Androcentrismo ,Sistema de justiça criminal ,Direitos Humanos ,Justice system ,Encarceramento feminino ,Female incarceration ,Sistema de justiça - Abstract
The latest thematic report on women deprived of their liberty in Brazil reveals a sad scenario: the scant understanding of women's specificities and demands in the prison environment. Historically, prisons were thought for the male subject, thus, when taking the role of the phallus as a premise, represented by androcentrism, the incarcerated woman has, up to the present day, not only positive rights, but also, requirements inherent to her being, violated within this system of repression and control. In this bias, the present bibliographic research, through the dialectical method, aims to analyze and expose specific points in which the Criminal Justice System reproduces symbolic and institutional violence. The article also stands out as qualitative, using the critical exploratory technique in its making, so that it is possible to better understand the reasons why female prison still lacks voice and space conquests., O último relatório temático sobre mulheres privadas de liberdade no Brasil denuncia um triste cenário: a escassa compreensão das especificidades e demandas femininas no ambiente carcerário. Historicamente, as prisões foram pensadas para o sujeito homem, assim, ao tomar o papel do falo como premissa, representada pelo androcentrismo[1], a mulher encarcerada possui, até os dias atuais, não só direitos positivados, mas, também, necessidades inerentes ao seu ser, violados dentro desse sistema de repressão e controle. Neste viés, a presente pesquisa bibliográfica, por meio do método dialético, visa analisar e expor pontos específicos em que o Sistema de Justiça Criminal reproduz a violência simbólica e institucional. O artigo também caracteriza-se enquanto qualiquantitativo, sendo utilizada a técnica crítico exploratória em sua confecção, para que, assim, seja possível compreender melhor as razões pela qual o cárcere feminino ainda carece de conquistas de voz e espaço. [1]Corrente que tem como pilar de referência humana a premissa masculina, vista como uma norma universal. Assim, todas as análises, compreensões e narrações são as experiências masculinas, sendo refletida para toda a generalidade dos seres humanos, tanto homens como mulheres. Graduanda do nono semestre do curso de direito pela Faculdade Independente do Nordeste – FAINOR. Membro Fundadora da Liga Acadêmica de Direito Constitucional Ruy Barbosa, entidade representativa do curso de direito da Faculdade Independente do Nordeste – Fainor. E-mail sssabrinamoreira@gmail.com.
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- 2021
39. A cell called home: Reflections on the politics of containment and emancipation in Westville Female Correctional Centre.
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Young-Jahangeer, Miranda
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The containment of women is a concept well understood within feminist discourse (Friedan, 1963; Evans, 1979; hooks, 1984; Poirot, 2010). ‘Space’, therefore in its physical, political-economic, psychosocial and ideological/ intellectual (Ramphele, 1993) manifestations is typically implicated in the limiting of women's mobility and thus their freedom. However, 14 years of facilitating popular participatory theatre projects (PPT) (Mda, 1993; Kamlongera, 1988) in a South African Female Correctional Centre has demonstrated the power of this form to engage “the various dimensions of space” (Ramphele, 1993:2) in a way that is potentially transformative and at times liberatory for participants. This article will explore, through the structure of Mamphele Ramphele's delineations of space, the politics of containment (political and spatial) and the possibilities for emancipation, as they exist for women in Westville Female Correctional Centre. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2015
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40. Life 'HerStories' of Imprisoned Women
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Fernanda Silva de Assis Ribeiro and Letícia Godinho
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Oppression ,Race ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Encarceramento feminino ,Gender ,Prison ,Raça ,Criminology ,Social class ,Life stories ,Seletividade penal ,Unit (housing) ,Race (biology) ,Gênero ,Criminal selectivity ,Sociology ,Female incarceration ,Histórias de vida ,Law ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,media_common ,Criminal justice - Abstract
Submitted by Thiago de Oliveira Gonzaga (thiago.gonzaga@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2022-01-23T15:25:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Histórias de vida de mulheres em situação de aprisionamento.pdf: 215292 bytes, checksum: 5e706229cb6bda4c380453351ba707fe (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Renato Lourenço (renato.lourenco@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2022-01-24T17:43:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Histórias de vida de mulheres em situação de aprisionamento.pdf: 215292 bytes, checksum: 5e706229cb6bda4c380453351ba707fe (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-24T17:43:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Histórias de vida de mulheres em situação de aprisionamento.pdf: 215292 bytes, checksum: 5e706229cb6bda4c380453351ba707fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 Fundação João Pinheiro Fundação João Pinheiro Este trabalho narra histórias de mulheres encarceradas, contadas por elas, para ajudar a compreender quem são as pessoas por trás dos números. Recontadas suas trajetórias, são evidenciadas, em contexto, as diferentes dimensões de opressão que vivenciam. Para além do gênero, a dimensão da raça e da classe social, a presença de drogas ilegais no contexto familiar, a violência e a relação com o sistema de justiça marcam seus percursos de vida. As entrevistas, realizadas em uma unidade prisional feminina comum, uma unidade prisional para gestantes e lactantes e uma unidade da Associação de Proteção e Assistência aos Condenados, são aqui “transcriadas” e analisadas. Life ‘HerStories’ of Imprisoned Women collects incarcerated women’s testimonies of their lives that illustrates who are the people behind the incarceration numbers. Through their stories, the different dimensions of oppression they have experienced are brought out. In addition to gender, the dimensions of race and social class, the use of illegal drugs by relatives, violence and the experience within the criminal justice and prison system carry out an important role in these women’s lives. The interviews were conducted in a female prison unit, in a pregnant and lactating unit, and in an Association for Protection and Assistance to Convicts. They were “transcreated” and analyzed. Governo e Política
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- 2021
41. WOMEN'S HUMAN RIGHTS IN PRISONS: THE INSERT OF GENDER IN JUDICIAL DECISIONS AND THE BANGKOK RULES
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Ferreira, Leticia Cardoso [UNESP] and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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International documents ,Human rights ,Gender ,Female incarceration - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:45:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-08-01 This article aims to discuss the realization of the rights of women imprisoned as part of what is recognized as women's Human Rights, through the elaboration of the Bangkok Rules in 2010. It also seeks to reflect on the importance of incorporating gender and intersectional analysis for the creation and interpretation of these documents. For this, the techniques of analysis of decisions, qualitatively and quantitatively worked, and bibliographic analysis were used in this research, selecting especially feminist productions on the subject Through this study it was possible to conclude that, despite the advance in the recognition of human rights of women imprisoned through international documents and notional legislation, there is a distance between these norms and the interpretation that judges make o f them, and it is necessary to narrow these axes. This con be done through the elaborotion of interpretative protocols and guidelines that insert intersectional perspectives for decisions. Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Fac Ciencias Humanas & Sociais, Direito, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Fac Ciencias Humanas & Sociais, Direito, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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- 2020
42. Desigualdad de género en el sistema penitenciario de Bahía y su impacto en la resocialización de las mujeres encarceladas
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Gomes, Sandro José and Gomes, Sandro José
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the unequal position assumed by women in the Bahia prison system and the impact of this position on prison resocialization. The qualitative research was carried out based on a current bibliographic review on the subject and had, in the specific research plan, the documentary analysis of five reports of entities that follow up on the issues of imprisonment of people in the state of Bahia, Brazil, and respect for human rights in these prisons. The survey results show that, out of a total of 25 prison units, only nine have custody of women and most of the units do not have the minimum conditions to carry out this work. Thus, the present article shows that the penitentiary system of Bahia is not prepared to receive women and when it does it gives them even worse treatment than that given to men, making the prospect of prison resocialization impossible., O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a posição desigual assumida pelas mulheres no sistema penitenciário da Bahia, Brasil, e o impacto dessa posição na ressocialização da prisão. A pesquisa qualitativa foi realizada com base em uma revisão bibliográfica atual sobre o assunto e continha, no plano concreto da investigação, a análise documental de cinco relatórios de entidades que acompanham as questões de encarceramento de pessoas e respeito pelos direitos humanos nas prisões da Bahia. Os resultados da investigação mostram que, de um total de 25 unidades penitenciárias, apenas nove mantinham a custódia de mulheres e a maioria delas não possui condições mínimas para vigiar as mulheres. Portanto, este artigo destacou que o sistema penitenciário da Bahia não está preparado para receber mulheres e, quando o faz, oferece a elas um tratamento ainda pior do que o recebido pelos homens, o que impossibilita a ressocialização das mulheres presas., El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar la posición desigual vivida por las mujeres en el sistema penitenciario de Bahía, Brasil, y el impacto de dicha posición en la resocialización de la prisión. La investigación cualitativa se realizó con base en una revisión bibliográfica actual sobre el tema e incluyó, en el plan concreto de la investigación, el análisis documental de cinco informes de entidades que dan seguimiento al encarcelamiento de personas en el estado de Bahía y el respeto de los derechos humanos en estas cárceles. Los resultados muestran que, de un total de 25 unidades penitenciarias, solo nueve hacen custodia de mujeres y la mayoría de las unidades no tienen las condiciones mínimas para ejercer esta labor. Por lo tanto, el presente artículo destaca que el sistema penitenciario de Bahía no está preparado para recibir mujeres y, cuando lo hace, les da un trato aún peor que el que reciben los hombres, lo que hace imposible la posibilidad de la resocialización de la prisión.
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- 2020
43. Issues in Female Inmate Health: Results From a Southeastern State.
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Morgan, Kathryn D.
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WOMEN prisoners' health ,MEDICAL care ,HYPERTENSION ,HIV infections ,MENTAL depression ,ANXIETY ,DRUG addiction - Abstract
The current study examines health care services and perceptions of those services by former inmates of a women's prison in 1 southeastern state. The results indicate that many women enter prison with health issues, including hypertension, HIV/AIDS, depression, anxiety, and drug addictions, and use health services while incarcerated. Women in this study expressed overall dissatisfaction with those health services and did not perceive that their health improved while incarcerated or that they received better health care in prison than on the outside. This exploratory study points to the need for further empirical investigation into the issue of health care for the incarcerated female. The generalizability of the study's findings is possibly limited by the fact that respondents were former female inmates. Also, results from 1 southeastern state may not be generalizable to other geographic locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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44. PRISON MOTHERS: WISHES AND WOUNDED WORDS
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Mendes Braga, Ana Gabriela [UNESP], Pereira, Jessica Xavier [UNESP], Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), NEPAL Nucleo Estudos & Pesquisa Aprisionamentos, Projeto Extensa CEL Carcere Expressao & Liberdade, IBCCRIM, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), and Grp Extensao Univ Carcere Expressao & Liberdade C
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access to justice ,narratives ,Early Childhood Act ,female incarceration ,maternity - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:47:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 The present paper is the result of the research Imprisoned maternities and free mothers: access to justice and the rights of women prisoners, which aimed to reflect justice from the perceptions and experiences of mother's arrest in the state of Sao Paulo after the implementation of the Early Childhood Act in Brazil (no 13.257/16). Based on the qualitative approach, 106 interviews were carried out at the Women's Penitentiary of Pirajui in the context of the collective mobilization Free Mothers, a project carried out by the Institute for the Defense of the Right of Defense (IDDD). This text focuses on words and wishes unspoken in custody: what they wanted to say to the judge of the case and the alternatives that they themselves envision for their arrestment. In the end, we concluded that, while the protection of exercising maternity expands for women in prison, the path of access to justice is still being paved. As imprisoned mothers tell us, there are discourses and practices in the justice system that, paradoxically, prevents the access to justice and especially the right to exercise maternity outside of prison, guaranteed by law and reaffirmed by the Brazilian Supreme Court. Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Humanas & Sociais, Sao Paulo, Brazil NEPAL Nucleo Estudos & Pesquisa Aprisionamentos, Sao Paulo, Brazil Projeto Extensa CEL Carcere Expressao & Liberdade, Sao Paulo, Brazil IBCCRIM, Nucleo Pesquisas, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, NADIR Nucleo Antropol Direito, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Humanas & Sociais, Campus Franca, Sao Paulo, Brazil Grp Extensao Univ Carcere Expressao & Liberdade C, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Humanas & Sociais, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Humanas & Sociais, Campus Franca, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Published
- 2020
45. O sentido encarcerador do sistema jurídico criminal : reflexões sobre a prisão domiciliar cautelar a partir das teorias luhmanniana e da racionalidade penal moderna
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Menegueti, Vanessa, Dias, Camila Caldeira Nunes, Chies, Luiz Antônio Bogo, and Machado, Maíra Rocha
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PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E SOCIAIS - UFABC ,HOUSE ARREST ,HABEAS CORPUS ,PRISÃO DOMICILIAR ,THEORIES OF SOCIAL SYSTEMS ,CRIMINAL LEGAL SYSTEM ,TEORIA DOS SISTEMAS SOCIAIS ,SISTEMA JURÍDICO CRIMINAL ,ENCARCERAMENTO FEMININO ,FEMALE INCARCERATION ,HABEAS CORPUS COLETIVO - Abstract
Profa. Dra. Camila Caldeira Nunes Dias Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Humanas e Sociais, São Bernardo do Campo, 2020. Perseguindo as Teorias dos Sistemas Sociais, de Niklas Luhmann, e da Racionalidade Penal Moderna, de Álvaro Pires, esta dissertação pretendeu aplicar conceitos teóricos à situação concreta de recepção da prisão domiciliar cautelar a gestantes e mães de crianças até 12 anos pelo sistema jurídico criminal. Partiu-se do pressuposto de que esse sistema se orienta por um sentido que reforça a prisão, a exclusão e o encarceramento, dando forma e norteando suas comunicações e construções internas. Para compreender os comportamentos, interações e movimentos de resistência do sistema jurídico criminal em aplicar a prisão domiciliar cautelar, analisou-se: i) o cenário de encarceramento feminino no país, legislações e debates legislativos que culminaram na atual configuração do instituto da prisão domiciliar cautelar; ii) os trâmites do Habeas Corpus coletivo nº 143.641 julgado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) e as decisões monocráticas decorrentes; iii) o procedimento adotado pelo Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo (TJSP) para implementar o HC coletivo e efetivar a prisão domiciliar no estado; iv) dados nacionais e do Estado de São Paulo de concessão da prisão domiciliar cautelar e encarceramento feminino; e, v) decisões e argumentos contrários à prisão domiciliar cautelar com base em discricionariedades, julgamentos morais e sociais em casos concretos de mulheres aprisionadas que cumpriam os requisitos. O percurso de pesquisa evidenciou manifestações do sentido encarcerador nos procedimentos administrativos, nas decisões, nos argumentos, nos dados e na atuação do STF. Tais análises se guiaram a partir de documentos públicos como legislações, tramitações de projetos de lei, relatórios e dados produzidos e disponibilizados por órgãos oficiais, informações encaminhadas via e-SIC, decisões judiciais e argumentos jurídicos. Pursuing Niklas Luhmann's Theories of Social Systems and Álvaro Pires's Modern Criminal Rationality, this dissertation intended to apply theoretical concepts to the concrete situation of receiving precautionary house arrest to pregnant women and mothers of children up to 12 years old by the criminal legal system. It started from the assumption that criminal system is guided by a sense that reinforces prison, exclusion and incarceration, shaping and directing its internal communications and constructions. To understand the behaviors, interactions and resistances of the criminal legal system in applying precautionary house arrest, we analyzed: i) the scenario of female incarceration in the country, laws and legislative debates that culminated in the current configuration of the precautionary house arrest institute; ii) the procedures of collective Habeas Corpus nº 143,641 judged by the Supreme Federal Court (STF) and the resulting monocratic decisions; iii) the process adopted by the São Paulo Court of Justice (TJSP) to implement the collective HC and enforce house arrest in the state; iv) national and São Paulo State data on the granting of precautionary house arrest and female incarceration; and, v) decisions and arguments against precautionary house arrest based on discretion, moral and social judgments in specific cases of imprisoned women who met the requirements. The research path showed manifestations of incarcerated sense in administrative procedures, in the decisions, in the arguments, in the data and the performance of the STF. Legislation, processing of bills, reports and data produced and made available by official bodies, information sent via e-SIC, judicial decisions and legal arguments as public documents guided the analyzes.
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- 2020
46. Audiências de custódia e encarceramento de mulheres pelo tráfico de drogas: análise de audiências ocorridas na cidade de João Pessoa sob olhares criminológicos feministas
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Mendonça, Karoline Henrique and Batista, Gustavo Barbosa de Mesquita
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Bail Hearings ,Drug trafficking ,Gênero ,CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO [CNPQ] ,Feminist criminology ,Encarceramento feminino ,Audiências de custódia ,Tráfico de drogas ,Gender ,Female incarceration ,Criminologia feminista - Abstract
This research aims to investigate whether gender aspects influence the criminalization of women accused of committing drug trafficking in the city of João Pessoa. Initially, we started from the problematic phenomenon of the increasing incarceration of women in Brazil, which has experienced a rise of almost 660% in the last 16 years, and drug trafficking is the main crime they are accused of in more than half of the cases. The changes brought by the law nº 11.343/06, with the increase of punitivism towards people defined as traffickers, had a special and harmful impact on women. This phenomenon may be better understood if we take into consideration the roles essentially assigned to this group in the trafficking chain – typically subordinate and more exposed to the action of state punitive power – as well as the structural conjuncture of society that places women in more vulnerable socioeconomic positions. Given this scenario, with the implementation and consolidation of Bail Hearing procedures in João Pessoa, we found an opportunity to deepen the analysis of the criminalization of women accused of drug trafficking through a Field Research. In this context, the feminist contributions to criminology makes it possible to problematize the current drug policy and identify the selective and discriminatory way that the criminal system acts, mainly affecting women. In this context, the feminist perspective is introduced in the study of the gender category as another element that integrates the criminal selectivity of female population, and in the analysis of “feminization of poverty”, which helps to understand the socioeconomic and gender vulnerability of women. The predominant approach method in this research is the inductive one, since it was made a previous confrontation with the investigated reality and a subsequent interpretation with the help of the adopted theoretical bases. The research techniques were documentary and bibliographical research and direct documentation. As for the empirical part of the research, we conducted a descriptive and explanatory investigation. Descriptive because we initially sought to detail and describe essential characteristics about the problem investigated, as well as establishing variables that helped in understanding it. As for the explanatory aspect, it appears as we seek for the answer to the research problem that drives this investigation, that is, if aspects related to gender influence the criminalization process of these women. In the field, we observed 93 Bail Hearings, most of which took place during 2018. We concluded, after conducting the research, that gender elements play a role in the criminalization process of these women, which, in the context of the Bail Hearings, manifested itself in paternalistic arguments made by prosecutors and judges, moral lectures, judgments about their personal life, evading the legally relevant elements and intruding on their private lives. In addition, we noted the determining influence of motherhood on the outcome of the hearings. Notwithstanding the recognition of the right to liberty or to house arrest due to the legal provision in art. 318 of the CrPC, we noted that the granting of provisional release or house arrest, in some cases, depended on a non-legally based trial, which concerned the gender roles imposed on these women and which they should play in order to have their motherhood recognized. When such a performance was not sufficiently clear to the judges and the prosecutors, the patriarchal judgment overlapped, leading to non-recognition of their freedom. Nenhuma A presente pesquisa visa a investigar se aspectos relacionados ao gênero influenciam no processo de criminalização de mulheres acusadas de cometer tráfico de drogas na cidade de João Pessoa. Partimos, inicialmente, do problemático fenômeno do crescente encarceramento de mulheres no Brasil, que experimentou um salto de quase 660% nos últimos 16 anos, sendo o tráfico de drogas o principal tipo de incidência em mais da metade dos casos. As alterações trazidas pela lei 11.343/06, com o aumento do punitivismo frente às pessoas definidas como traficantes, teve um impacto especial e nefasto sobre as mulheres. Esse fenômeno pode ser melhor compreendido se levarmos em consideração os papéis essencialmente destinados a esse grupo na cadeia do tráfico – tipicamente subalternos e mais expostos à atuação do poder punitivo estatal –, bem como a conjuntura estrutural da sociedade que coloca as mulheres em posições socioeconômicas mais vulneráveis. Diante desse cenário, com a implementação e consolidação dos procedimentos de audiências de custódia em João Pessoa, visualizamos uma oportunidade de aprofundar as análises acerca da criminalização de mulheres pelo tráfico, por meio de um estudo de campo. A partir das contribuições feministas à criminologia, é possível problematizar a atual política de drogas e identificar a maneira seletiva e discriminatória que se dá a atuação do sistema penal, que atua com mais intensidade sobre as mulheres. Nesse contexto, a perspectiva feminista é introduzida no estudo da categoria de gênero como mais um elemento que integra a seletividade penal da população feminina e no cotejamento da feminização da pobreza, que auxilia na compreensão da vulnerabilidade socioeconômica e de gênero das mulheres. O método de abordagem predominante nesta pesquisa é o indutivo, tendo em vista que será feito o prévio confrontamento com a realidade investigada e sua posterior interpretação com o auxílio das bases teóricas adotadas. As técnicas de pesquisa foram a pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e a documentação direta. Quanto à parte empírica da pesquisa, realizamos uma investigação descritiva e explicativa. Descritiva porque buscamos, inicialmente, detalhar e descrever características essenciais acerca do problema investigado, além de estabelecer variáveis que auxiliaram na sua compreensão. Quanto ao aspecto explicativo, este se apresenta na busca pela resposta ao problema que impulsiona a investigação, ou seja, se aspectos relacionados ao gênero influenciam no processo de criminalização dessas mulheres. No campo, assistimos a 93 audiências de custódia, ocorridas, em sua maioria, durante no de 2018. Concluímos, após a realização da pesquisa, que elementos ligados ao gênero atuam no processo de criminalização dessas mulheres, o que, no contexto das audiências de custódia, se manifestou nos argumentos paternalistas proferidos pelos promotores e juízes, preleções morais, julgamentos sobre sua vida pessoal, fugindo dos elementos juridicamente relevantes e se imiscuindo em sua esfera privada. Além disso, notamos a influência determinante da maternidade no desfecho das audiências. Não obstante o reconhecimento do direito à liberdade ou à prisão domiciliar em razão da previsão legal constante no art. 318, do CPP, notamos que a concessão da liberdade provisória ou da prisão domiciliar, em alguns casos, dependia de um julgamento extralegal, que dizia respeito aos papéis de gênero impostos a essas mulheres e que elas deveriam desempenhar para ter sua maternidade reconhecida. Quando tal performance não restava suficientemente provada para juízes e promotores, o julgamento patriarcal se sobrepunha, determinando o não reconhecimento de sua liberdade.
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- 2019
47. Despachos x escrachos : as representa??es sociais do encarceramento feminino
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Martil, Daiana Maturano Dias and Azevedo, Rodrigo Ghiringhelli de
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Encarceramento Feminino ,Artigo 318 ,Discursive Textual Analysis ,CIENCIAS SOCIAIS [OUTROS] ,SOCIOLOGIA [CIENCIAS HUMANAS] ,Female Incarceration ,Article 318 ,Pris?o Domiciliar ,An?lise Textual Discursiva ,House arrest - Abstract
O presente estudo tem como objetivo conhecer, a partir da utiliza??o da An?lise Textual Discursiva, o tom do discurso da magistratura ga?cha, para conceder ou indeferir a pris?o domiciliar ?s mulheres em situa??o de pris?o preventiva no Pres?dio Estadual Feminino Madre Pelletier, que respondem ao requisito de serem m?es de crian?as menores de 12 anos ou estejam gestantes, conforme preconiza o artigo 318 do C?digo de Processo Penal. A justificativa para elabora??o de tal investiga??o partiu da promulga??o da Lei 13.257/2016, conhecida como Marco Legal da Primeira Inf?ncia ? que promoveu a altera??o no CPP no fito de atender o melhor interesse dos infantes ?, e da elabora??o de relat?rios t?cnicos por Assistentes Sociais e Psic?logas do PEFMP, posteriormente encaminhados para a comarca de origem do processo criminal, solicitando an?lise para a concess?o da pris?o domiciliar. Foi tamb?m levantado o perfil sociodemogr?fico das r?s, totalizando 84 amostras que continham manifesta??o nos despachos no s?tio eletr?nico do TJRS. Tratou-se de estudo com delineamento misto. A an?lise quantitativa foi realizada por meio de c?lculos estat?sticos do Statistical Package for the Social Scienses ? SPSS, vers?o 21.0 para Windows. J? os dados qualitativos foram analisados pela teoria da An?lise Textual Discursiva, e comp?em um ciclo de an?lise composto por tr?s elementos essenciais: a unitariza??o, categoriza??o e comunica??o, que resultaram no corpus das an?lises. A interpreta??o do conte?do dos discursos destacou que, ao indeferir a pris?o domiciliar, a magistratura ga?cha utiliza-se da manuten??o da ordem p?blica para justificar a n?o concess?o da medida cautelar diversa da pris?o para mulheres em situa??o de pris?o preventiva, apresentado algumas considera??es de cunho moralista referentes a uma maternidade idealizada nos moldes da cultura patriarcal, ao considerarem essas mulheres inaptas ? maternagem justamente por serem acusadas de cometimento de delito, em que pese que a preponder?ncia da amostra tenha demonstrado que a imputa??o penal n?o acompanha atos de viol?ncia. Na outra esteira, ao concederem a pris?o domiciliar, ficou evidenciado pela magistratura o entendimento da imprescindibilidade da figura materna para o cuidado dos filhos, resguardando assim o melhor interesse da crian?a. Tal constata??o pode vir a contribuir na elabora??o de a??es afirmativas que subsidiem o fortalecimento das concess?es de pris?o domiciliar, diante do fato, como ficou demonstrado, que a pris?o preventiva de mulheres configura-se enquanto ferramenta de controle social sob a ?gide do recrudescimento da Pol?tica de Seguran?a P?blica conhecida como ?Toler?ncia Zero?. This study evaluates the factors involved in granting or denying home detention to women in pretrial detention at the Madre Pelletier Female State Prison (MPFSP), in Southern Brazil. The sampled responds to the requirements established in article 318 of the Brazilian Code of Criminal Procedure (BCCP), which recommends replacing pretrial detention with house arrest to the women who are pregnant or mothers of children under 12 years old. This research was based on two premises: (i) the enactment of Law 13.257/ 2016 known as the Legal Framework for Early Childhood - which promoted the change in the BCCP in order to meet the infants best interests - and (ii) the preparation of technical reports by MPFSP social and psychologist Assistants, later sent to the criminal process district, requesting an analysis to the house arrest granting. It was a mixed design study. Qualitative data were examined by the Discursive Textual Analysis theory, which is composed of three essential elements: unitarization, categorization and communication. Quantitative analysis encompass statistical calculations performed by Statical Package for the Social Scienses, version 21.0 for Windows. Furthermore, the sociodemographic profile of a total of 84 women was raised in the reports on the Justice Court website. From the analysis of the data, it was verified that 32% of the women had their request rejected. By refusing the house arrest the magistracy alleges the maintenance of public order to justify the non-granting for women in detention. However, the sample preponderance shows that the criminal imputation does not accompany violence acts. Homicide crimes accounted for only 7.1%, which shows that the majority of surveyed women in MPFSP could receive the house arrest grant. The interpretation of the discourses content reveals moralistic considerations referring to an idealized motherhood in the mold of the patriarchal culture, considering that these women are unfit for mothering precisely because they are accused of committing a crime. On the other hand, in the cases when house arrest was granting, it was evidenced by the judiciary the understanding of the indispensability of the maternal figure for the care of the children, thus protecting the best interest of the infant. Such findings may contribute to the elaboration of affirmative actions that subsidize the strengthening of house arrest concessions. Under the bastion of the Public Security Policy known as "Zero Tolerance", preventive detention could be understand as a social control tool of women who disregard the social role attributed to the feminine by the androcentric and patriarchal culture here represented by southern criminal justice system. Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
- Published
- 2018
48. Maternidade em reclusão: privilégios ou prejuízos prisionais?
- Author
-
Freitas, Ana Maísa da Silva, Saavedra, Luísa, and Universidade do Minho
- Subjects
Reclusão feminina ,Maternidade ,343.811 ,Prison privileges ,618.2 ,Privilégios prisionais ,343.914 ,Motherhood ,Perception ,Female incarceration ,Perceção ,613.95 - Abstract
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Psicologia (área de especialização em Psicologia da Justiça), O conhecimento científico, em Portugal, apresenta pesquisas ainda exíguas acerca da maternidade em contexto prisional e das condições disponíveis para garantir a prestação das necessidades específicas das mulheres reclusas. Neste sentido, esta investigação procura compreender, através de uma amostra aleatória de dez reclusas do Estabelecimento Prisional Especial de Santa Cruz do Bispo, a perceção das reclusas em relação à existência ou não de privilégios prisionais para mulheres com filhos/as no estabelecimento prisional (n = 5), comparativamente às que não usufruem desta companhia (n = 5). Os dados foram recolhidos através da aplicação de duas entrevistas semiestruturadas, para cada um dos grupos de mulheres, e analisados qualitativamente, com recurso à Análise Temática indutiva. Os relatos demonstraram um bom relacionamento entre a população reclusa, os serviços de vigilância e segurança e os restantes elementos do staff prisional. Revelaram também a existência de poucos privilégios prisionais diferenciados para reclusas com filhos/as no estabelecimento prisional bem como alguma insatisfação relativamente às condições vivenciais disponibilizadas pelo sistema prisional., Scientific knowledge in Portugal presents still exiguous research about motherhood in prison environment and conditions required to ensure that the special needs of these female inmates are provided. In this study, with a sample of ten randomly chosen female inmates from Estabelecimento Prisional Especial de Santa Cruz do Bispo (Female Prison), we aim to understand their perception regarding the existence, or not, of prison privileges between inmates with (n = 5) and without (n = 5) children in the prison establishment. The data was collected using two semi-structured interviews, adjusted for each group of inmates, and analyzed qualitatively through inductive thematic analysis. The reports illustrated the existence of a good relationship between the inmate population, surveillance and safety services and the remaining prison staff. Additionally, reports revealed the existence of a minority of different prison privileges for inmates with children in prison, and indicated some dissatisfaction regarding the living conditions provided by the prison system.
- Published
- 2013
49. Lei e prisão : discursos de mulheres estrangeiras sobre o sistema jurídico-penal português
- Author
-
Moreira, Tânia Marlene Teixeira, Machado, Carla, Matos, Raquel, and Universidade do Minho
- Subjects
343.2(469) ,Reclusão feminina ,Reclusão estrangeira ,Sistema jurídico-penal português ,343.914 ,Female incarceration ,Portuguese legal and criminal system ,Foreign incarceration - Abstract
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Psicologia (área de especialização em Psicologia da Justiça), Ainda que uma realidade instalada, à criminalidade feminina e estrangeira em Portugal pouca atenção tem sido prestada pelos campos do saber científico. Os quadros teóricos existentes postulam uma atuação do sistema de Justiça português segundo uma “lente” hegemónica que parece resultar em prejuízo de grupos minoritários. Assim e concretizada na figura de “Mulher Estrangeira”, a coligação de fatores de raça e género parece representar um estatuto de risco a uma, ainda mais, severa criminalização perante a prática de condutas delituosas: quer pela pertença a uma classe (mulheres transgressoras) que quebra os valores sociais patriarcalmente definidos quer por se constituir como persona non grata numa sociedade sobre-nacionalista pouco motivada para sua integração. Tendo por base estes pressupostos, com o presente estudo pretende-se perceber como se reflete, nos discursos de mulheres estrangeiras não residentes, a experiência resultante da atuação dos sistemas de controlo criminal ao nível da caracterização do sistema jurídico-penal português. Os dados foram recolhidos através da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas a 43 mulheres de nacionalidade estrangeira detidas em Portugal, com o objetivo de aceder ao modo como perspetivam as suas histórias de vida em termos de passado, presente e futuro. No âmbito específico desta dissertação, foram analisados os relatos de 9 reclusas estrangeiras não residentes por recurso a metodologias qualitativas - Grounded Theory – em todas as dimensões que remetiam ao seu contacto com o sistema judicial e prisional português. A análise dos discursos destas mulheres remete para uma categorização do sistema jurídico-penal assente na sua reflexão sobre duas dimensões interligadas: estruturação/aplicação legislativa e recursos disponibilizados e interação/relacionamento com elementos internos e externos (e.g. família) ao sistema de controlo criminal. Assim, dos resultados obtidos podem destacar-se por um lado a atribuição de uma conotação negativa ao sistema judicial português, pela sua suscetibilidade a condicionalismos de não-pertença nacional e, essencialmente, pela morosidade no que concerne à avaliação do regime de liberdade condicional (de forma díspar entre os estabelecimentos); e por outro lado, embora matizada por alguns contornos negativos (e.g. negligência dos serviços médicos e a conflitualidade relacional em contexto institucional), uma qualificação favorável do dispositivo prisional, sobretudo no que concerne às oportunidades facultadas e às boas-condutas dos elementos do staff, em particular dos serviços de vigilância., Despite being a widespread reality, the theme of female and foreign criminality has received little attention from the scientific community. The existing theoretical frameworks suggest that the Portuguese justice system applies a hegemonic "lens" that seems to result in prejudice towards the minority groups. Therefore, circumstance of being a "Foreign Woman", which combines the factors of race and gender, seems to represent an increased risk status of even more punishment when inserted in the penitentiary system. On one hand, they belong to a class of offenders that breaks the social values of a patriarchal society and, on the other hand, they are persona non grata in a nationalistic society that shows little motivation towards their integration. Based on these assumptions, the present study aims to understand how the Portuguese legal and criminal system appears reflected in the non-resident foreign women discourses as a result of the actions taken by the criminal control systems. The data was through semi-structured interviews to 43 women of foreign nationalities incarcerated in Portugal, in order to try to understand how they view their life stories in terms of past, present and future. In the specific context of this thesis, we analyzed the reports of nine foreign inmates, non-residents, by using qualitative methodologies - Grounded Theory - in all dimensions that refer to their contact with the Portuguese legal system and jail. The analysis of these women’s narratives provides two dimensions in the categorization of the penal system: structure and judicial application as well as resources offered and interaction/interrelation with internal and external elements (e.g. family) of the criminal control system. From the obtained results, we can point out the negative image associated with the Portuguese judicial system, not only because of its susceptibility to racist prejudices but also due to the lengthy evaluations of the probation periods, which are different in the various establishments. Although some negative aspects (e.g. medical negligence and conflicted relationships) cloud their experience, these women rate the prison environment positively, pointing out the opportunities offered and the good conduct of the staff especially in regards to surveillance.
- Published
- 2011
50. Mothers offending against their role: An Australian experience
- Author
-
Farrell, Ann and Farrell, Ann
- Abstract
Inmate mothers are not only seen to offend against society, but also against their role as mothers. They bear often public and private scorn for the dislocation their incarceration brings to their children and families. This paper reports on the Australian component of an international comparative policy study, Incarcerated mothers and children: Impact of prison environments (IMCIPE). This study investigated the impact of the prison environment or institutional ecology on incarcerated mothers and their young children, aged birth to eight years (that is, mothers whose children live with them in custody and mothers who are separated from their children), in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and England. This paper draws on data from policy analyses; interviews with policy-makers,with inmate mothers, and with custodial and non-custodial staff; and observations within six women's prisons and their respective correctional authorities in the three Australian states. This paper argues for policies which support the inmate as mother and which support her children and their caregivers on the outside. Key words: incarcerated mothers, female criminality, family policy,child incarceration
- Published
- 1998
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