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Purposes To analyze the main edaphic factors that differentiate ultramafic from typical Cerrado environments and act as agents of the development of biochemical and morphological mechanisms of species adaptation to these harsh environments; and to determine the genetic diversity of three Cerrado?s shrubland native species (Justicia lanstyakii, Euploca salicoides, and Oxalis hirsutissima). Methods We conducted chemical analysis of metal contents in soils, as well as on elemental composition, and analysis of DNA extracted from leaf tissues of the three species found in both environments. In leaves of E. salicoides grown in both environments we evaluated the changes in the levels of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), and total proteins. Results The accessions obtained in ultramafic soils were closer with each other, indicating genetic similarity and major differences in relation to the accessions collected in the Cerrado area. These differentiations probably are related with higher adaptation to soils rich in metals, mainly Ni in ultramafic, and Al in the Cerrado environments. The highest levels of NSC were observed in plants grown in ultramafic soils, including raffinose, which is related to responses to metal detoxification and drought. The allocation of Ni in the trichomes, which does not affect important processes of plant metabolism, is another mechanism developed by E. salicoides to overcome the hyperaccumulation of Ni in their tissues. Conclusions These findings can help select seed collection sites representative of the genetic diversity of native plant species for restoring degraded areas or for phytoremediation of metals. Made available in DSpace on 2022-06-15T10:20:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leide-Edaphic-factors-as-genetic-selection.pdf: 8532198 bytes, checksum: c217a3fdc7b391c15c06f63e01a18233 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022

Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-26T00:41:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Variabilidadegeneticadeprogeniesdemaracujamaca.pdf: 194990 bytes, checksum: 42eff54fc2372791924b4decd8abe09f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Produtividade e caracterização física de Passiflora cincinnata no Cerrado Para o maracujazeiro-da-caatinga (Passiflora cincinnata Mast.), não há indicações de variedades específicas para condições de Cerrado e técnicas de condução que possibilitem a expressão de maior potencial produtivo. Objetivou-se avaliar a produtividade e qualidade de populações CPEF2220 e CBAF2334 em sistema de condução espaldeira e latada. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2, com três repetições de quatro plantas por parcela. Foram avaliadas a produtividade e características físicas dos frutos ao longo do ciclo produtivo. A produtividade média foi de 8,0 kg planta-1 (3,5-14,9 kg planta-1) e o número médio de frutos por planta de 139,1 (55,8-283,5), com rendimento médio de polpa de 29 %. Houve tendência de aumento no número e produtividade de frutos na população CPEF2220 conduzida em espaldeira. A taxa de sobrevivência das plantas foi de 41 % (CPEF2220) e 87,5 % (CBAF2334), com maior adaptação às condições de Cerrado, enquanto a população CPEF2220 apresentou maior potencial produtivo. Houve reduções na massa, diâmetro longitudinal e equatorial e formato do fruto ao longo da safra, com algumas exceções no sistema espaldeira, o qual evidenciou frutos mais alongados. O sistema latada apresentou maior potencial produtivo de populações dos genitores do maracujazeiro BRS Sertão Forte, para as condições em estudo. Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-17T02:10:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana-Maria-Yield-and-physical-characterization.pdf: 5388579 bytes, checksum: 835af94c2bd17cd7b981c0e2c4027ee5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

RESUMO A cultura da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) é muito importante em países em desenvolvimento, principalmente em função da sua rusticidade e da capacidade de produzir razoavemente bem em condições em que outras culturas não sobreviveriam. Tal habilidade advém de a espécie ser naturalmente tolerante a solos ácidos e à seca, e ao mesmo tempo oferecer uma flexibilidade de colheita aos produtores. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar por meio de descritores morfológicos, clones elite de mandioca de mesa rosada biofortificadas em processo de seleção pelo programa de melhoramento de mandioca da Embrapa Cerrados. Foram caracterizados oito clones de mandioca, em comparação com a variedade testemunha IAC 576-70, avaliados em experimentos conduzidos na Embrapa Cerrados por duas safras. Foram obtidos 40 descritores morfológicos qualitativos para cada clone. Com base na distribuição de frequência dos genótipos nas diferentes classes fenotípicas foi calculado o coeficiente de entropia para cada descritor. A matriz de dissimilaridade genética entre os clones foi calculada com base no coeficiente de coincidência simples das classes fenotípicas e a partir dessa matriz, foi realizada a análise de agrupamento via dendrograma. Houve diferenças morfológicas entre os clones, demostrando que nenhum par de genótipos apresentou 100% de similaridade. O fator ano/safra não influenciou a expressão fenotípica dos caracteres aferidos. O coeficiente cofenético revelou elevado ajuste entre a representação gráfica via dendrograma (r = 0,92) e a matriz de dissimilaridade genética. Entre os caracteres aferidos, os que apresentaram maior entropia foram à cor do disco, forma do lóbulo central e cor do pecíolo. Entre os clones avaliados, verificou-se alguns com potencial para recomendação para cultivo comercial com base nos caracteres morfológicos desejáveis do ponto de vista agronômico Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-16T19:00:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo-Alano-Caracterizacao-morfologica.pdf: 396061 bytes, checksum: 0c01979b0d25b3e33e1d70f1502909ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

The carpel is the female reproductive structure composed of a set of stigma, style and ovary. Normally passionflower have three carpels, however, some cultivars have this structure in greater quantity. The objective of this work was to identify relationships between the number of carpels and the physical characteristics of BRS Gigante Amarelo fruits. The flowers with three and four carpels were marked, pollinated and the fruits harvested from these flowers analyzed for transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, pericarp thickness, fruit mass, pulp mass, pulp ratio, number and weight of seeds. A completely randomized design with 10 replicates per treatment was used and each plot had the average of 3 fruits. The data were submitted to variance analysis and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability. The fruits generated by flowers with 4 carpels were 18,30% heavier, their pulp were on average 20.75% heavier, presented transverse diameter 7,53% superior to that of fruits generated by flowers with 3 carpels. Similar increments were identified regarding the number of seeds and the weight of seeds per fruit that increased 18,85% and 52.42%, respectively. This result indicates that cv. BRS Yellow Giant with 4 carpels generates heavier fruits, pulp and seeds with a more spherical shape. O carpelo é a estrutura reprodutiva feminina composta por um conjunto de estigma, estilete e ovário. Normalmente as flores de maracujá possuem três carpelos, porém, algumas flores de algumas cultivares apresentam essa estrutura em maior quantidade. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se identificar relações entre o número de carpelos e as características físicas dos frutos da cultivar BRS Gigante Amarelo. Flores com três e quatro carpelos foram marcadas, polinizadas e os frutos colhidos a partir destas flores foram analisados quanto ao diâmetro transversal, diâmetro longitudinal, espessura do pericarpo, massa do fruto, massa da polpa, rendimento de polpa, número e massa das sementes. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 10 repetições por tratamento sendo cada parcela a média de 3 frutos. Os dados foram submetidos a análises de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os frutos gerados por flores com 4 carpelos foram 18,30% mais pesados, sua polpa foi em média 20,75% mais pesada, apresentaram diâmetro transversal 7,53% superior, ao de frutos gerados por flores com 3 carpelos. O mesmo acréscimo foi identificado quanto ao número de sementes e a massa das sementes por fruto que aumentaram 18,85% e 52,42%, respectivamente. Este resultado indica que flores da cv. BRS Gigante Amarelo com 4 carpelos geram frutos, polpa e sementes mais pesados com formato mais arredondado.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-02-18T17:18:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gmr18503-establishment-capsicum-frutescens-core-collections-based-morphological-and-molecular-0.pdf: 612456 bytes, checksum: 1818d144bb99c7f6e9c4e3f3e486afc9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

The objective to be achieved with the search for molecular markers of low cost and good reproducibility for the selection and genetic characterization of passion fruit was to select ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) primers for different unimproved varieties and cultivars of Passiflora, in order to subsidize molecular genetic studies. To achieve this goal, 23 ISSR starters were tested for eight unimproved varieties and 12 cultivars of Passiflora spp. The amplifications were obtained by electrophoresis on 2% agarose gel, photocumented under transilluminator with ultraviolet light. The ISSR primers showed satisfactory results. Among the 23 primers, 16 obtained values above 60% of efficiency when classified as good (presence of two marks or more). As a consequence of the results presented, it can be attested that such primers are suitable for studies of polymorphism, structure and genetic diversity in species of the Passiflora genus, in addition to assisting conservation and breeding programs. Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-29T09:04:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FALEIRO-Characterization-and-selection-of-ISSR.pdf: 311083 bytes, checksum: 390bb546fb8fc3eef1b9d0bb940258e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

A germplasm collection of C. frutescensis maintained at Embrapa Vegetables, Brasilia, Brazil, the branch for vegetable crops of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA). This is considered to be the main collection representing the variability of this species in the country. Made available in DSpace on 2020-06-10T04:08:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gmr18503-establishment-capsicum-frutescens-core-collections-based-morphological-and-molecular-0.pdf: 619588 bytes, checksum: f15010377a5db58899c57c89921786e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

RESUMO: Há séculos, populações de plantas vem sendo selecionadas a fim de se obter linhagens com maior desempenho agronômico. Para o sucesso da seleção, a variabilidade genética é essencial, sendo que dentro do gênero Passiflora há grande variabilidade inter e intraespecífica. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar as características físicas de frutos de genótipos elite de maracujazeiro-doce (Passiflora alata) para fins de seleção. Foram avaliadas a massa, diâmetros longitudinal e equatorial de frutos, espessura e coloração da casca e massa e volume de polpa com e sem sementes e rendimentos de polpa. As fontes de variação para análise de variância foram os frutos de oito genótipos elite, com três repetições, cujas médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 1% de probabilidade. Foram realizadas ainda análises multivariadas e de correlação entre as características. Houve diferenças estatísticas entre os genótipos elite para a maioria das características avaliadas. O genótipo elite sete foi o que apresentou maior rendimento de polpa sem sementes, em relação ao fruto e maior massa de fruto. Análises de agrupamento e dispersão gráfica evidenciaram uma tendência de agrupamento dos genótipos elite com base no formato dos frutos. A população apresenta variabilidade genética, que permite novos ciclos de seleção para ganho em rendimento de polpa e massa dos frutos. ABSTRACT: Over several past centuries, specific plant populations have been carefully selected to filter strains with higher agronomic performance. Genetic variability is most essential for successful selection. The Passiflora genus offers great inter- and intra-specific variability. This study aimed to evaluate the physical characteristics of the genotypes of the elite passion fruit (Passiflora alata) for selection purpose. We considered the physical traits of fruit mass, longitudinal and equatorial diameters, peel thickness and color, and pulp mass and volume without and with seeds and pulp yield. The sources of variation for the analysis of variance included the fruits of 8 elite genotypes, with 3 replications, whose means were compared by Tukey?s test at 1% probability. We also performed multivariate analysis and correlation between these characteristics. Statistical differences were noted between elite genotypes for most of the tested traits. The elite 7 genotype presented with the highest seedless pulp yield in relation to the fruit and the largest fruit mass. Cluster analysis and graphic dispersion revealed a tendency for clustering of the elite genotypes based on their fruit shape. The tested population showed genetic variability, which allowed new selection cycles toward gaining pulp yield and fruit mass. Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-11T00:38:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 16784596cr5002e20181056.pdf: 1438374 bytes, checksum: 3893fb338571463b692289649b21e9c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 Título em português: Variabilidade genética de genótipos selecionados de Passiflora alata baseada em características físicas de frutos.

The success of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivation and its adaptation to cropping systems relies on the knowledge and utilization of existing variability in germplasm banks. The objective of this work was to analyse diversity among pre-selected barley accessions to organize a working collection and to identify genotypes for a breeding program for irrigated barley in the Brazilian Savannah. The field experiment was conducted under irrigation in Planaltina, DF, Brazil. The plant population consisted of 433 accessions plus BRS 180 and BRS 195 as checks. The accessions were evaluated using fifteen morpho agronomic descriptors, in which 11 quantitative and four discrete. The interpolated control design was used for the statistical analysis. A genetic distance matrix was calculated using Gower?s coefficient. From the matrix, a grouping analysis was conducted, using the optimizing Tocher method and the graphic dispersion distance. The genetic distances varied between 0.025 and 0.572, with a mean of 0.256. The accessions were distributed in 18 groups by the Tocher method, which was directly related to the graphic dispersion. The existing genetic divergence in the collection under study helped the definition of accessions in crossing blocks from breeding programs directed to the savannah environment. Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-17T02:10:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato-Faleiro-Genetic-diversity-among.pdf: 1065070 bytes, checksum: 2149756e7db4c696b2471060ca5da7f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Made available in DSpace on 2020-07-11T11:11:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA-MARIA-Determination-of-the-maturation-stage.pdf: 682560 bytes, checksum: 94d2e21f88dd2e4d031e8df183ccc448 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Objetivou-se avaliar qualidade fisiológica de sementes recém-coletadas e armazenadas de espécies de Passiflora. Para P. alata, foi utilizado um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 4 x 3 x 2, sendo quatro genótipos, três tempos de armazenamento e dois tratamentos com e sem uso do regulador vegetal GA4+7 + N-(fenilmetil)- aminopurina aminopurina, com três repetições. Para avaliação das sementes de outras seis espécies, foi utilizado, para cada espécie, o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 5 x 2, sendo cinco tempos de armazenamento e dois tratamentos com e sem o uso do regulador vegetal com três repetições. Análises de variância foram realizadas e posteriormente foram ajustadas equações de regressão linear para a emergência de plântulas. As sementes dos acessos de P. alata e P. maliformis devem ser colocadas para germinar logo após a colheita sem necessidade do regulador vegetal, atingindo 32,50% e 60,00% de plântulas emergidas, respectivamente. Enquanto, P. sidifolia necessita de regulador. Sementes de P. suberosa podem ser armazenadas até seis meses e deve-se utilizar regulador e apresentaram 29,02% de plântulas emergidas. Sementes de P. caerulea e P. hatschbachii devem ser armazenadas até três meses e usar regulador. O teste de tetrazólio confirmou a porcentagem de emergência apresentada pelos acessos avaliados. Made available in DSpace on 2021-10-15T02:06:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Qualidade-fisiologica-de-sementes.pdf: 204236 bytes, checksum: 1da309855555b7dc6dd299d7d5ae941d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

BSTRACT. Brazil is highlighted as the largest producer and consumer of passion fruit (Passiflora) and holder of representative biodiversity. Studies dedicated to the genetic characterization of the genus in order to understand the existing diversity are important for the advancement of genetic improvement and conservation programs. The aim of this study was to select combinations of RGA (Resistance Genes Analogs) primers for commercial passion fruit species and varieties. To this end, amplification tests were performed on a PCR platform in 17 combinations of RGA primers for eight species and 12 commercial varieties of passion fruit from the Banco Ativo de Germoplasma Flor da Paixão. All combinations of primers have generated amplification products in at least one of the Passiflora samples. The number of combinations that generated amplification products varied from seven to 12 in the species and from three to eight in the varieties. Three to 12 combinations generated amplification products for the samples, emphasizing that the RGA markers were efficient in accessing genomic loci in the species and varieties of passion fruit. The variation of efficient combinations in each of the species and varieties attested to the importance of this research in the preliminary stages of genetic studies as auxiliary tools in conservation and genetic improvement programs. However, this study made it possible to identify combinations of primers to be prioritized in inter and intraspecific genetic characterizations of passion fruit Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-29T09:04:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FABIO-FALEIRO-Amplification-test-and-selection-of-markers-analog.pdf: 293847 bytes, checksum: 9e17f9a9006e2c975e55af61b46109a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Resumo: A quantificação da variabilidade genética existente entre matrizes selecionadas no programa de melhoramento genético do Passiflora quadrangularis é importante a cada ciclo de seleção recorrente. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se caracterizar e quantificar a variabilidade genética de 13 matrizes selecionadas de P. quadrangularis utilizando marcadores moleculares ISSR e RAPD. Um acesso de P. quadrangularis, um de P. alata e um híbrido interespecífico de P. alata x P. quadrangularis foram incluídos nas análises como outgroups. Para tanto, amostras de DNA genômico de cada genótipo foram extraídas, quantificadas por espectrofotometria e amplificadas utilizando-se primers para marcadores RAPD e ISSR. Os marcadores moleculares obtidos foram transformados em uma matriz de dados binários. Essa matriz foi utilizada para estimar as dissimilaridades genéticas entre os genótipos. O agrupamento foi obtido por meio de dendrograma, utilizando o método Unweighted Pair-Group Method using Arithmetic Avarages. A dispersão gráfica foi baseada em escalas multidimensionais, usando o método das coordenadas principais. Os marcadores RAPD e ISSR foram úteis para quantificar a variabilidade genética das matrizes selecionadas de P. quadrangularis, sendo que a PL6 e PL12 foram as que apresentaram maior dissimilaridade em relação às demais matrizes. Os marcadores RAPD e ISSR foram complementares na caracterização dos genótipos, sendo que os marcadores ISSR permitiram maiores estimativas de dissimilaridades e maior diferenciação desses genótipos. Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-29T09:04:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FABIO-FALEIRO-Variabilidade-de-matrizes-selecionadas.pdf: 875708 bytes, checksum: e0ddeea212961a05360f2d73632b98ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

RESUMO: Os programas de melhoramento genético de mandioca de mesa estão focados no desenvolvimento de variedades biofortificadas que aliem aos caracteres agronômicos a presença de carotenoides nas raízes de reserva. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar características agronômicas e bioquímicas em clones de mandioca de mesa com polpa rosada. Os nove genótipos foram avaliados por duas safras em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com três repetições. Dentre os clones avaliados se destacaram: i) para altura da primeira ramificação (390/08, 345/08 e a testemunha IAC 576-70); ii) para altura da planta (390/08, 345/08 e 378/08); iii) para peso da parte aérea sem a cepa (390/08, 406/08, 378/08 e 341/08); iv) para porcentagem de amido nas raízes (378/08, 413/08, 390/08 e a testemunha IAC 576-70); v) para produtividade de raízes (IAC 576-70 e 341/08, 390/08, 406/08 e 387/08). Na safra 2011/2012, todos os clones cozinharam em até 30 minutos, indicando que todos apresentam boas qualidades culinárias. Com relação ao teor de carotenoides totais nas raízes, os clones que se destacaram foram 406/08 e 341/08. Todos os clones avaliados apresentaram teores de HCN nas raízes de reserva de mandioca, inferiores a 100 mg kg-1. Os clones 341/08 e 406/08 apresentam potencial agronômico e bioquímico para cultivo direto pelos produtores na região do Cerrado do Brasil Central e/ou para a utilização como genitores em programas de melhoramento genético de mandioca de mesa. ABSTRACT: Sweet cassava breeding programs are focused on the development of bio fortified cultivars that combine significant amounts of carotenoids in their reserve roots with desirable agronomic. The objective of this research was to evaluate agronomic and biochemical traits in sweet cassava clones with roots that have pink pulp. The nine genotypes were evaluated in two seasons in a randomized block design with three replications. Among the evaluated clones, the following stood out: i) for the height of the first branch (390/08, 345/08 and the control IAC 576-70); ii) for plant height (390/08, 345/08 e 378/08); iii) for shoot weight without original steam cutting (390/08, 406/08, 378/08 e 341/08); iv) for the percentage of starch in roots (378/08, 413/08, 390/08 and the control IAC 576-70); and v) for the root yield (the control IAC 576-70 and 341/08, 390/08, 406/08 e 387/08). In the 2011/2012 season, all clones cooked within 30 minutes, indicating that they all have good culinary qualities. Regarding the total carotenoid content in the roots, the clones that stood out were 406/08 and 341/08. All clones evaluated had HCN content below 100 mg kg-1. Clones 341/08 and 406/08 have agronomic and biochemical potential for direct cultivation by producers in the Cerrado region of Central Brazil and / or for use as stock in sweet cassava breeding programs. Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-11T00:38:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 16784596cr5001e20180910.pdf: 813048 bytes, checksum: 2ded95e95e4f5454842ef122d736b1c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 Título em português: Avaliação agronômica e bioquímica de clones de mandioca com polpa rosada.

RESUMO: O Brasil é considerado o centro de origem e de diversidade das passifloras, que apresentam importância, tanto para o consumo in natura, industrialização, uso medicinal e também como plantas ornamentais. As diferentes espécies de Passiflora hospedam uma grande diversidade de artrópodes que, ocasionando injúrias, podem causar danos econômicos e morte da planta. Dentre os artrópodes, as lagartas-desfolhadoras são consideradas as pragas mais frequentes e severas nas principais regiões produtoras de maracujá. Assim, o objetivo foi informar o primeiro registro da ocorrência das espécies Isia alcumena, Spodoptera cosmioides e S. eridania atacando maracujazeiros no Distrito Federal, Brasil. As lagartas de S. cosmioides e S. eridania foram coletadas enquanto consumiam folhas de híbridos intraespecíficos de Passiflora edulis cultivado no banco ativo de germoplasma ?Flor da Paixão? da Embrapa Cerrados. Já as lagartas de I. alcumena foram coletadas em folhas da cultivar BRS Rubi do Cerrado, na Unidade de Apoio da Fruticultura da Embrapa Cerrados. Após a coleta, as lagartas foram individualizadas em sistema de criação com folhas das plantas hospedeiras. O desenvolvimento das lagartas foi acompanhado até à emergência dos adultos, que foram identificados e fixados em alfinetes entomológicos para preservação permanente, a seco. ABSTRACT: Brazil is considered the center of origin and diversity of passifloras. These species have a great importance to in natura fruits consumption, industrialization, medicinal use and also as ornamental plants. The different Passiflora speciesare host of a great diversity of arthropods that can cause injuries, economic damages and, in some situations, the plant death. Among the arthropods, leafhopper caterpillars are considered frequent and severe pests in the main passion fruit producing regions. The present work is an occurrence report of Isia alcumena and Spodoptera cosmioides attacking passion fruit plants (Passiflora edulis Sims) in the Federal District, Brazil. The S. cosmioides and S. eridania caterpillars were collected while consuming leaves of Passiflora edulis intra-specific hybrid located in the Germplasm Active Bank ?Flor da Paixão? at Embrapa Cerrados. The caterpillars of I. alcumena were collected on leaves of the Passiflora edulis cv. BRS Rubi do Cerrado at the Agricultural Support Unit, Embrapa Cerrados. After collected, the caterpillars were individualized in a breeding system with leaves of the host plants. The development of the caterpillar was accompanied until the emergence of the adults, which were identified and fixed in entomological pins for permanent dry preservation. Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-10T00:36:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 01002945rbf415e047.pdf: 534851 bytes, checksum: 99f3be96f6b7053e7deebb1a1dc370e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 Título em português: Primeiro registro de Isia alcumena, Spodoptera cosmioides e Spodoptera eridania (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUOIDEA) em maracujazeiro (Passiflora edulis Sims) no Brasil.

The propagation of many passion fruit species (Passiflora spp.) is done by seeds or sexual method, although asexual propagation, such stem cuttings, grafting or tissue culture is also possible and very useful in many cases. In this work, it was presented information on scientific and technological advances in sexual and asexual propagation of passion fruit, considering the different propagation methods and their applications. New demands for research and development activities are also related, given the wide range of passion fruit species and its potential for food, ornamental and medicinal use. Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-18T18:09:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Advancesinpassionfruit.pdf: 1223884 bytes, checksum: 6f7e983e3c4261f4b06519080c1d6001 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Passiflora cincinnata Mast. or Caatinga passion fruit is widely cultivated in the northeastern semi-arid regions of Goiás, Minas Gerais, and Bahia. The system of cultivation and field management of the Passiflora species affects the physicochemical quality of its fruits. In this study, we evaluated the chemical and physico-chemical characteristics of the fruits of 2 progenies (CPEF2220 and CBAF2334) of P. cincinnata species using the vertical and horizontal trellis system. Fruits were collected from the plants at their physiological maturation stage and tested for the fruit skin color and texture and the pH, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pulp acidity ratio, and the contents of flavonoids, anthocyanins, and polyphenols in the seedless fruit pulp. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (progenies x conduction system) performed in 3 replications using 4 plants in each. The analysis of variance and the means were compared using the Tukey?s test at 5% probability. The results revealed that the CBAF2334 fruits presented with greener pigments and greater flavonoids. The fruits were characterized by their green color with some yellowish nuances and a low color saturation in both the progenies. The conduction system was not found to affect the physical and physicochemical characteristics as well as the anthocyanin and polyphenol contents of the studied species. The fruits of plants cultivated on vertical trellis presented with 56.73% more flavonoid content than those cultivated on horizontal trellis. RESUMO: Passiflora cincinnata Mast., conhecida como maracujá da caatinga ocorre no Semiárido nordestino, Goiás, Minas Gerais e na Bahia. A região de cultivo e os sistemas de manejo das espécies do gênero Passiflora podem interferir na qualidade físico-química dos frutos. Objetivou-se avaliar características físico-química e química dos frutos de duas progênies (CPEF220 e CBAF2334) selecionadas de P. cincinnata conduzidas em espaldeira e latada. Frutos no estádio de maturação fisiológica foram avaliados quanto à coloração e textura da casca, pH, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez titulável, ratio, flavonoides, antocianinas e polifenóis da polpa sem sementes. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 (progênies x sistemas de condução), com três repetições de quatro plantas. Foi realizada a análise de variância, e as médias foram comparadas utilizando o teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. Os frutos da seleção CBAF2334 apresentaram mais pigmentos verdes e mais flavonoides. Os frutos foram caracterizados de coloração verde com nuances amareladas, com baixa saturação de cor, nas duas populações. O sistema de condução não afetou as características físicas, físico-química e os teores de antocianinas e polifenóis das progênies de P. cincinnata. Os frutos das espaldeiras apresentaram 56,73% a mais de flavonoides em comparação aos obtidos na latada. Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-11T00:37:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 01002945rbf416e452.pdf: 721226 bytes, checksum: a279319729897330a1fa23ee8e696231 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 Título em português: Caracterização físico-química e química de frutos de Passiflora cincinnata Mast conduzidos em espaldeira e latada.

There is a demand for barley cultivars that are suitable for the malt industry as well as genotypes that are stable and better adapted for irrigation in the Cerrado. This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters by assessing 69 barley genotypes from different countries, from 2012 to 2014, under irrigation in the Cerrado. Six agronomic characteristics were assessed: grain yield, plumpness kernel, thousand seeds weight, plant height, degree of plant lodging and days to heading. Analysis of variance, cluster test and phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlations were performed. Significant effects were observed for genotypes, years and the G x E interaction. High values of broad-sense heritability (> 86%) were found for all the characteristics, which enabled direct selection. The Colombian accession MCU363PI402112 stood out for its agronomic characteristics. Genotype selection based on the phenotypic evaluations was possible due to their good experimental accuracy and precision. Precocious genotypes with high grain yields and homogeneous grain sizes were selected. Due to the environmental influence on the grain yield, additional studies concerning the components of yield in this environment are necessary to facilitate the selection of more productive genotypes.

RESUMO: As flores do maracujazeiro-azedo normalmente apresentam três carpelos, porém há indivíduos com maior quantidade de carpelos em suas estruturas reprodutivas e pouco se sabe da influência dessa característica na cultura. Plantas de maracujazeiro-azedo (Passiflora edulis Sims, cultivar BRS Sol do Cerrado), que apresentam flores com três, quatro e cinco carpelos, foram avaliadas quanto: à eficiência de polinização manual e natural; à frequência dos diferentes tipos de flores no pomar; à inclinação dos estiletes. As frequências de flores com três, quatro e cinco carpelos também foram avaliadas nos genitores da referida cultivar. Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas significativas na eficiência de polinização entre os diferentes tipos de flores, as quais apresentaram médias acima de 90%, destacando-se a média de 100% das flores com cinco carpelos. As flores com três carpelos são predominantes na cultivar estudada, representando 88,93%, porém flores com quatro e cinco carpelos não apresentaram estiletes sem inclinação, enquanto flores com três carpelos apresentaram taxa de 11,83%. Apenas o genitor masculino da cultivar destaca-se quanto à taxa de flores com quatro e cinco carpelos, sendo de 37,33% e 7,33%, respectivamente. Assim, flores com quatro e cinco carpelos representam importantes características para o melhoramento genético do maracujazeiro. ABSTRACT: Passion fruit flowers usually have three carpels, but there are individuals with greater amount of carpels in their reproductive structures and little is known about the influence of this characteristic on this crop. Sour passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims, ?BRS Sol do Cerrado? cultivar) plants presenting flowers with three, four and five carpels were evaluated regarding the following characteristics: manual and natural pollination efficiency; frequency of different types of flowers in the orchard; and inclination of styles. Frequencies of flowers with three, four and five carpels were also evaluated in ?BRS Sol do Cerrado? genitors. There were no statistically significant differences in pollination efficiency among the different types of flowers, which presented averages above 90%, especially flowers with five carpels, with 100% efficiency. Flowers with three carpels are predominant in ?BRS Sol do Cerrado? cultivar, representing 88.93%, but flowers with four and five carpels did not show styles without inclination, whereas flowers with three carpels presented rate of 11.83%. Only the male genitor stands out for the rate of flowers with four and five carpels, being 37.33% and 7.33%, respectively. Thus, flowers with four and five carpels represent important characteristics for passion fruit breeding programs. Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-11T00:37:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 01002945rbf416e451.pdf: 331819 bytes, checksum: caf34ca5e618749652f06918dd0b4b8e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

The Passiflora genus comprises more than 500 species that are used for food, industrial, ornamental, and pharmaceutical purposes. The sour passion fruit (P. edulis Sims) has low genetic variability for disease resistance, and the use of wild species in the cross-breeding basis is a promising alternative for introgression of resistance genes. The objective of this study was to characterize multispecific hybrids and wild materials with potential to be used as parents in passion fruit genetic breeding programs, using microsatellite markers. Genomic DNA from 33 accessions was extracted and analyzed using 23 microsatellite markers, which were used to estimate the genetic dissimilarities among accessions. The genetic dissimilarity matrices were used to perform clustering analysis by dendrogram using the Unweighted Pair-Group Method as grouping criterion and by graphic dispersion based on multidimensional scale, using the principal coordinates method. Genetic distances between accessions ranged from 0.067 to 1.00. The markers indicated genetic variability among the studied accessions and also the efficiency of the recurrent genome recovery within the backcross program. The genetic structure among the accessions shows the clustering tendency between the wild accessions of P. hatschbachii and P. quadrifaria and the accessions obtained by crossing these species. The same occurred for P. incarnata and P. edulis accessions. The knowledge generated by the molecular characterization provides information on the diversity of accessions and contributes to the work of breeders in the selection of parents.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-28T00:36:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Comparisonofselectionindices2.pdf: 293698 bytes, checksum: 4c3ddb1dc9a3d73f65d1bd1105cd4665 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-21T18:08:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Geneticvariabilityofpassifloraspp.basedonissr.pdf: 405465 bytes, checksum: fd15137315c374adcacefc3809fe007f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Made available in DSpace on 2020-07-29T11:16:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FABIO-FALEIRO-Avaliacao-de-descritores.pdf: 901449 bytes, checksum: 280daf75da2756140f0e86332dff849f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-27T18:16:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Potencialdeenraizamentodediferente2.pdf: 127562 bytes, checksum: 79c373fba26c4e98e7571fdc0a16dd70 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Genetic redundancy in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) presents a challenge to efficient management of genetic resources. This study aimed to identify and define the ge-netic structure of duplicates in cassava germplasm from various Embrapa research units, using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. We evaluated 2,371 accessions with 20,712 SNPs. The identification of duplicates was performed based on multilocus genotypes (MLG), adopting a maximum genetic distance threshold of 0.05. The population structure was defined based on discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC). A total of 1,757 unique and 614 duplicate accessions were identified. The redundancy of the collections ranged from 17% (Belém, PA/Brazil) to 39% (Petrolina, PE/Brazil), with an average of 21%. This redundancy between different research units is probably due to the historical sharing of accessions, as well as collections carried out in the same region, or even to the intense germplasm exchange between farmers with different genotype names. In terms of genetic structure, the 250 principal components explained 88 % of the genetic variation of the SNP markers and defined the hierar-chical structure of the duplicate cassava germplasm in 12 groups. Since heterotic groups have not yet been identified for cassava, crosses between accessions of the 12 DAPC groups may be promising. All MLGs were allocated within the same DAPC group, corroborating duplicate analyses yet still revealing high variability between groups that were quite distinct based on the first two discriminant functions. Our results contribute to optimizing the conservation of genetic resources, together with understanding diversity and its use in crop improvement. Made available in DSpace on 2019-07-26T01:05:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Indetification2019.pdf: 383917 bytes, checksum: f897b166e953b68695c64ed637c829d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-24T18:17:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 artigoMadalenaatmosferamodificadanaconservacao.pdf: 5643255 bytes, checksum: 7ad053967655cb357437ef9b1d647697 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Wild species of passion fruit have characteristics that could be used in the passiflora culture, among them the production of fruits in the off-season of the sour passion fruit. The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenology of flowers and fruits production in wild species cultivated in the Brazilian Savanna Central Region. For each access, a 1-meter-long strip (2 m2) was evaluated for the presence of flowers and fruits from January 2015 to December 2016. The hybrid and wild species of passiflora that produce floral buds, flowers and fruits during the off-season of passion fruit sour include: BRS Céu do Cerrado (P. incarnata x P. edulis), P. alata Dryand, P. bahiensis Klotzsch, P. coccinea Aubl., P. maliformis L., P. quadriglandulosa Rodschied, P. auriculataKunth, P. decaisneana G. Nicholson, P. sidifolia M. Roem., P. suberosa L., P. tholozanii Sacco, P. quadrangularis x P. alata. It was also verified the presence of species and hybrids with high ornamental potential due to the beauty of their flowers and their production during the whole year, such as: P. suberosa L., P. tholozanii Sacco, P. coccinea x P. setacea, P. coccinea x P. quadrifaria. These species and hybrids have high potential for passiflora breeding programs as a source of genes of interest. Resumo Espécies silvestres de maracujazeiro possuem características que poderiam ser utilizadas na passicultura, dentre elas a produção de frutos na entressafra do maracujazeiro-azedo. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a fenologia da produção de botões florais, flores e frutos em espécies silvestres cultivadas no Cerrado do Planalto Central. Para cada acesso, uma faixa de 1 metro de espaldeira (2 m2) foi avaliada quanto à presença de botões florais, flores e frutos, de janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2016. Verificou-se a presença de maracujazeiros silvestres e híbridos que produzem estruturas reprodutivas no período de entressafra do maracujazeiro-azedo, sendo eles: BRS Céu do Cerrado (P. incarnata x P. edulis), P. alata Dryand, P. bahiensis Klotzsch, P. coccinea Aubl., P. maliformis L., P. quadriglandulosa Rodschied, , P. auriculata Kunth, P. decaisneana G. Nicholson, P. sidifolia M. Roem., P. suberosa L., P. tholozanii Sacco, P. quadrangularis x P. alata. Verificou-se também a presença de espécies e híbridos com elevado potencial ornamental devido à beleza de suas flores e à produção das mesmas durante o ano inteiro, sendo elas: P. suberosa L., P. tholozanii Sacco, P. coccinea x P. setacea e P. coccinea x P. quadrifaria. Estas espécies e híbridos possuem elevado potencial para os programas de melhoramento de passifloráceas como fonte de genes de interesse.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-22T18:20:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Obtainingandvalidatingdescriptors.pdf: 256072 bytes, checksum: e3756562d69da88c431600aedf8311eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018

O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a produção de frutos em genótipos de plantas de P. cincinnata com flores contendo três, quatro ou cinco estigmas. Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-24T23:37:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pinheiro.pdf: 208930 bytes, checksum: 7725a60b401c975807a98bf6f5decb74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-21 Edição especial dos Anais do 5 Congresso Brasileiro de Recursos Genéticos, Fortaleza, nov. 2018.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-22T18:20:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Molecularcharacterizationofyellowpassionfruit.pdf: 642652 bytes, checksum: 746baaf1fa5572a38da8661ff64ae5f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se aumentar o número de estigmas em flores pelo avanço de gerações via seleção recorrente fenotípica do maracujazeiro silvestre P. cincinnata. Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-24T23:37:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pinheiro1.pdf: 204740 bytes, checksum: 46084bd75eabbb27c6b8966c8915894f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-21 Edição especial dos Anais do 5 Congresso Brasileiro de Recursos Genéticos, Fortaleza, nov. 2018.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-26T00:40:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Standardareadiagramsetforbacterial.pdf: 2180276 bytes, checksum: 7e05b16851e6f9aff9d8bb3e55f5bb34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018

The purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and to agronomically characterize 18 accessions of hulless barley and three references of covered barley grains belonging to the Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia germplasm bank, using ten agronomic quantitative traits. The experiment was performed at two sites in Distrito Federal, in May 2012, using the experimental design of randomized blocks with three replicates. The evaluated characteristics were: estimated grain yield, plumpness kernel, thousand seeds weight, plant height, lodging, days to heading, hectoliter weight, and grain protein content. The obtained data were subjected to the variance analysis and the grouped means by Scott-Knott test. Significant differences at 1% of probability were found among the accessions for all the evaluated traits. It is possible to obtain genetic gains due to the high values of the genotypic coefficient of variation. High heritability in the broad sense was observed for all the characteristics, except for protein content, enabling the effective selection of traits of interest from the parents to the descendants. The accessions CI 13453, CN Cerrado 1, CN Cerrado 2, CN Cerrado 5 and PI356466 stood out positively among the others to Yield and Lodging. RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar os parâmetros genéticos e caracterizar agronomicamente 18 acessos de cevada nua, e 3 testemunhas de cevada com grãos cobertos pertencentes ao banco de germoplasma da Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, utilizando dez caracteres agronômicos quantitativos. O experimento foi realizado em dois locais no Distrito Federal, em maio de 2012, utilizando um delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. As características avaliadas foram: rendimento de grãos, classificação comercial, peso de mil sementes, altura de plantas, acamamento, ciclo de espigamento, peso hectolítrico e teor de proteína no grão. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias agrupadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott. Foram detectadas diferenças significativas a 1% de probabilidade entre os acessos para todas as características avaliadas. Há possibilidade de se obter ganhos genéticos devido aos elevados valores do coeficiente de variação genotípico. Foi observada alta herdabilidade em sentido amplo para todas as características, exceto para teor de proteína, possibilitando a seleção efetiva de características de interesse dos genitores para seus descendentes. Os acessos CI 13453, CN Cerrado 1, CN Cerrado 2, CN Cerrado 5 e PI356466 destacaram-se positivamente dos demais para rendimento de grãos e acamamento. Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-29T23:30:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5230144412PB.pdf: 2035759 bytes, checksum: 269c8a70493c779893588539bfabc825 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-28

Cassava storage root is the staple food of most of the Brazilian population. In this study, 13 cassava clones were evaluated for agronomic and biochemical traits compared to the control variety IAC 576-70. The experiments were conducted at Embrapa Cerrados during two harvest seasons. A randomized complete block design was used with three replicates, each plot consisting of 4 rows of 10 plants. Trait means were grouped by the Scott-Knott clustering test at 5% probability. The results highlighted clones 273/08 and 259/08, based on first branch height; 90/08, 272/08, 273/08, 497/08, 259/08, and 450/08, based on plant height; 94/08 and 272/08, based on shoot weight without the original stem cutting; 26/08, 272/08, 259/08, and 450/08, based on root starch percent­age; and 215/08, based on root yield. In the 2011/2012 season, all clones showed cooking time less than 30 minutes. Regarding root protein content, clones 26/08, 90/08, and 91/08 were highlighted. HCN levels in cassava roots were below 100 mg kg -1 in all clones evaluated. We found elite clones with high levels of root carotenoids, especially clones 91/08, 94/08, 215/08, 246/08, 272/08, and 497/08. These clones have great potential for direct use by producers, and can be used as promising parents in genetic breeding programs of cassava.

Characterization studies provide essential information for the conservation and use of germplasm in plant breeding programs. In this study, 103 Capsicum frutescens L. accessions from the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Hortaliças, representative of all five Brazilian geographic regions, were characterized based on morphological characteristics and microsatellite (or simple sequence repeat - SSR) molecular markers. Morphological characterization was carried out using 57 descriptors, and molecular characterization was based on 239 alleles from 24 microsatellite loci. From the estimates of genetic distances among accessions, based on molecular characterization, a cluster analysis was carried out, and a dendrogram was established. Correlations between morphological and molecular variables were also estimated. Twelve morphological descriptors were monomorphic for the set of C. frutescens accessions, and those with the highest degree of polymorphism were stem length (14.0 to 62.0 cm), stem diameter (1.0 to 4.2 cm), days to flowering (90 to 129), days to fruiting (100 to 140), fruit weight (0.1 to 1.4 g), fruit length (0.6 to 4.6 cm), and fruit wall thickness (0.25 to 1.5 mm). The polymorphism information content for the SSR loci varied from 0.36 (EPMS 417) to 0.75 (CA49), with an overall mean of 0.57. The correlation value between morphological and molecular characterization data was 0.6604, which was statistically significant. Fourteen accessions were described as belonging to the morphological type tabasco, 85 were described as malagueta, and four were malaguetinha, a morphological type confirmed in this study. The typical morphological pattern of malagueta was described. Six similarity groups were established for C. frutescens based on the dendrogram and are discussed individually. The genetic variability analyzed in the study highlights the importance of characterizing genetic resources available for the development of new C. frutescens cultivars with the potential for various niche markets. Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-16T23:25:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GeneticsandMolecularResearchv.16n.32017.CARVALHOetal....pdf: 2088729 bytes, checksum: 20336912090689f13a87a443041c517c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-16

Germplasm banks are essential as sources of genetic variability for plant breeding programs. To characterize a Brazilian Capsicum frutescens collection, 21 malagueta and 5 Tabasco hot pepper accessions were evaluated under field and greenhouse conditions regarding morphological and molecular traits, as well as resistance to viruses. The incidence of viruses in field-grown plants varied among genotypes and according to virus species, from 5.6% (GRSV; CNPH 3286) to 100% (PMMoV; CNPH2871), and indicated some accessions as potential sources of virus resistance. These results demonstrate the genetic variability within the group of 26 hot pepper accessions, as well as virus-resistant genotypes that can be used in breeding programs. Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-07T10:32:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gmr1603gmr.160397041.pdf: 1600341 bytes, checksum: 2eaaab25c7b013e53f7fa57c5fa4555b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-06

Brazil has great variability, being one of the centers of origin of the genus Passiflora. Passion fruit has a multiple and diversified uses, being little explored as an ornamental plant in the country. The objective of this work was to characterize four passion fruit genotypes (two hybrid materials from the experimental field of passion fruit breeding program of the University of Brasília, and two passion fruit cultivars - BRS Sertão Forte and BRS Mel do Cerrado, both of them from Brazil), based on official and validated morphoagronomic descriptors for the identification of morphological aspects and ornamental potential, under field conditions, in the Distrito Federal, Brazil. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design, with four treatments, four replications, and six plants per plot. Plants were analyzed weekly regarding the characteristics of the branches, leaf blade, petiole, and flowers, with 24 measurements of each structure in the four treatments, which were recorded using a digital camera. Flowers presented pronounced size and color, colored branches, and leaves of varying sizes and shapes. All materials studied showed commercial ornamental potential to be explored as new options for ornamental climbing plants. Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-23T00:35:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 apagar.pdf: 2076965 bytes, checksum: d3a9cdaa87086cd569e59f65956cb7da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-22

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a sobrevivência de oito cultivares de P. edulis Sims. e a reação do maracujazeiro amarelo enxertado sobre Passiflora foetida L. em área com histórico de fusariose (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae) na região de Mossoró/RN. Foram conduzidos dois ensaios, onde foram plantadas oito cultivares de maracujazeiro (FB 200, FB 300, BRS Gigante Amarelo, BRS Sol do Cerrado, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, IAC 273, IAC 275 e IAC 277) e uma cultivar comercial ?redondo amarelo? da Topssed® enxertada sobre P. foetida, em área naturalmente infestada com F. oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e três plantas por parcela. No ensaio I foi avaliado a sobrevivência das cultivares e no ensaio II, avaliou-se a incidência da fusariose e a classe de reação, identificando os tratamentos como resistentes, moderadamente susceptíveis e susceptíveis. Todas as cultivares (ensaio I) apresentaram baixos índices de sobrevivência aos 180 dias após o plantio. As cultivares não enxertadas (ensaio II) foram classificadas como susceptíveis, com incidência de fusariose variando de 22,22 a 91,67%. Não houve registro de incidência de fusariose no maracujazeiro enxertado sobre P. foetida (ensaio II) durante o período de avaliação, mostrando-se como um porta-enxerto promissor para solos infestados com Fusarium oxysporum. ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival of eight cultivars of P. edulis Sims. and the reaction of yellow passion fruit grafted on Passiflora foetida L. in an area with history of fusariosis (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae) in the region of Mossoró/RN. Two assays were conducted, in which eight passion fruit cultivars (FB 200, FB 300, BRS Gigante Amarelo, BRS Sol do Cerrado, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, IAC 273, IAC 275 and IAC 277) were planted and a commercial cultivar ?yellow round? by Topssed® was grafted on P. foetida in an area naturally infested with F. oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae. Experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replicates and three plants per plot. In Assay I the survival of cultivars was evaluated and in Assay II the incidence of fusariosis and the reaction class were evaluated, identifying treatments as resistant, moderately susceptible and susceptible. All cultivars (Assay I) showed low survival rates at 180 days after planting. Non-grafted cultivars (Assay II) were classified as susceptible, and fusariosis incidence ranged from 22.22 to 91.67%. There was no record of fusariosis incidence in passion fruit grafted on P. foetida (Assay II) during the evaluation period, which showed to be a promising rootstock for soils infested with Fusarium oxysporum. Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-02T09:01:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Reacaodecultivaresdemaracujazeiroemareascomfusariose.pdf: 276132 bytes, checksum: f20ee1f24b9b62891c13f64f42598cf0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-31

Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-15T23:20:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 14.GestoeCaracterizaodoBAGPassifloraspp.atravsdoPortalAleloRGdaEmbrapa1.pdf: 2164347 bytes, checksum: fbb62c0fea9c7bbbde5305911781ec52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-15

RESUMO: Trabalhos de caracterização são importantes ferramentas para contribuir na inserção de recursos genéticos de passiflora nos programas de melhoramento genético. Sendo assim, objetivou-se realizar a caracterização fenotípica e analisar a diversidade genética de acessos de Passiflora spp., baseada em descritores multicategóricos de folhas e flores. O estudo foi realizado no Banco Ativo de Germoplasma ?Flor da Paixão? da Embrapa Cerrados. Foram caracterizados 125 acessos de Passiflora spp. utilizando 48 descritores qualitativos multicategóricos (23 de folha e 25 de flor). Com base na distribuição de frequência dos acessos nas diferentes classes fenotípicas de cada descritor, foi estimado o coeficiente de entropia de cada descritor. Foram estimadas distâncias genéticas entre os acessos, por meio do complemento do índice de coincidência simples. A partir da matriz de distâncias genéticas, realizou-se a análise de agrupamento via dendrograma, utilizando como critério o método Unweighted Pair-Group Method using Arithmetic Avarages. A caracterização fenotípica baseada em descritores multicategóricos contribuiu para a diferenciação dos 125 acessos Passiflora spp., servindo como importante instrumento para quantificar a diversidade existente e clara separação entre as espécies, sendo importante para estudos mais completos de caracterização e diversidade de recursos genéticos do gênero Passiflora. ABSTRACT: Characterization works are important tools that contribute to the insertion of passiflora genetic resources in breeding programs. This study aimed to perform phenotypic characterization and analyze the genetic diversity of Passiflora spp. accessions using qualitative multicategoric descriptors from leaves and flowers. The study was conducted in the Active Germplasm Bank ?Flor da Paixão? at Embrapa Cerrados. One hundred and twenty five Passiflora spp accessions were characterized using 48 qualitative multicategoric descriptors (23 from leaves and 25 from flower). Accessions frequency distribution on different phenotypic classes of each descriptor was used to estimate the entropy coefficient for each descriptor. Genetic distances between accessions were estimated using a simple coincidence index. From the genetic distance matrix, grouping analysis via dendrogram were performed using as criterion the Unweighted Pair-Group Method using Arithmetic method Avarages. Phenotypic characterization based on qualitative multicategoric descriptors contributed to differentiation of the 125 Passiflora spp. Accessions, and was an important tool to quantifying the existing diversity and accessions differentiation. It contributes to more comprehensive studies of genetic diversity and characterization of Passiflora genetic resources Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-29T23:30:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fabio1.pdf: 1217466 bytes, checksum: 4c6450f71d2a2fe14af82301eb3a21bf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-28

In order to support further genetic, diversity, and phylogeny studies of Capsicum species, the transferability of a Capsicum annuum L. simple sequence repeat (SSR) microsatellite set was analyzed for C. frutescens L. ("malagueta" and "tabasco" peppers) and C. chinense Jacq. (smell peppers, among other types). A total of 185 SSR primers were evaluated in 12 accessions from 115 C. frutescens L. and 480 C. chinense Jacq, representing different types within each species. Transferability to C. frutescens L. and C. chinense Jacq. occurred for 116 primers (62.7%). Nineteen (16.37%) were polymorphic in C. frutescens L. and 36 (31.03%) in C. chinense Jacq., 17 of which were coincident and could be used to analyze samples obtained for the 2 species. Among these primers, CA49 showed a different amplitude range of alleles between the 2 species (130-132 base pairs for C. frutescens L. and 120-128 base pairs for C. chinense Jacq.), and could differentiate the species. A total of 55 alleles were identified among the 19 polymorphic SSR loci among accessions of C. frutescens L., with the number of alleles per locus ranging from 2 to 5, a mean of 2.89, and the polymorphic information content ranging from 0.30 to 0.65. The number of alleles identified in C. chinense Jacq. was 119, ranging from 2 to 5 alleles per locus, an average of 3.30, and polymorphic information content from 0.19 to 0.68. The C. annuum L. SSR primers were most often transfer-able and polymorphic for C. frutescens L. and C. chinense Jacq., and we present a set of SSR for each species.

Capsicum chinense and C. frutescens peppers are part of the Brazilian biodiversity, and the Amazon basin is the area of greatest diversity for them, especially for that former species. Nevertheless, little is known about their evolutionary history. Aiming to identify genotypes with wild and domesticated characteristics, 30 accessions of the germplasm bank of Embrapa were characterized using morphological descriptors and ISSR molecular markers. Of the 72 primers tested, 42% showed amplification and produced 136 amplicons with some of the primers, namely i7Pv and i57Zm, allowing the identification of each species. ISSR also revealed polymorphisms within a species, especially between domesticated and wild forms. Four wild accessions collected in the Amazon region (CNPH 4315, CNPH 4372, CNPH 4337 and CNPH 4325B) popularly known as "olho-de-peixe" or "olho-de periquito" were molecularly classified as C. chinense and showed fruit with similar characteristics as the wild species: upright position, rounded to campanulate shape, small size (1.0 cm long and 0.8 cm wide), average weight of 0.2 g, dark-red color when ripe, easy detachment of calyx and presence of calyx annular constriction (discriminative of C. chinense). The wild form CNPH 4353 known as "malaguetinha" was morphologically and molecularly classified as C. frutescens, demonstrating a more preserved morphology in C. frutescens than in C. chinense. A significant correlation was found between morphological and molecular characterization, and the combination of the two analyses was effective in identifying and classifying the wild forms and contributing to evolutionary studies in the genus.

Common bean is an economically, nutritionally, and socially important crop. It is grown in distinct regions and different seasons around the world by subsistence level farmers with low-technology input as well as by farmers that use high input technologies. One important factor that can limit the bean growing and drastically affect grain yields is the high number of destructive pathogens that attack and cause serious damage to the crop. Among them is bean rust, incited by the fungus Uromyces appendiculatus. This disease is distributed throughout the world, but it effectively causes major production problems in humid tropical and subtropical regions. In Brazil, rust causes major losses in south, southeast, and central regions of the country. Bean rust control by resistant cultivars is an easy and economical strategy to be used in association to other rust management practices. Pyramiding of different race-specific resistance genes in association with other genes conferring adult plant resistance, slow rusting, and reduced pustule size can prolong the lifespan of a common bean cultivar by creating a more durable resistance complex against the rust pathogen. This review manuscript presents an overview on bean rust and reports some breeding efforts aiming to develop rust resistant cultivars in Brazil.

No Cerrado brasileiro, há uma grande diversidade de cores, tamanhos e aromas de frutos em acessos silvestres de P. edulis. Estes acessos também são importantes fontes de resistência a doenças, podendo ser incorporados em programas de melhoramento genético do maracujazeiro azedo. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se estimar a variabilidade genética existente em acessos silvestres e comerciais de P. edulis utilizando-se de marcadores RAPD. O DNA genômico de cada acesso foi extraído e amplificado com treze iniciadores decâmeros (OPD-04, OPD-07, OPD-08, OPD-16, OPE-18, OPE-20, OPF-01, OPF-14, OPG-05, OPG-08, OPH-04, OPH-12 e OPH-16) para a obtenção dos marcadores RAPD. Os marcadores obtidos foram convertidos em uma matriz de dados binários, a partir da qual foram estimadas as distâncias genéticas entre os acessos e realizadas análises de agrupamento e de dispersão gráfica. Um total de 187 marcadores foi gerado, sendo que apenas 28 (14,97%) deles foram monomórficos. As distâncias genéticas entre os 15 acessos de maracujazeiro variaram de 0,091 a 0,496. Os marcadores moleculares demonstraram a alta variabilidade genética dos acessos de P. edulis, sendo que os acessos de frutos amarelos apresentaram maior distanciamento em relação aos de frutos roxos. Menores distâncias genéticas foram verificadas entre os acessos de mesma origem geográfica.