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This article introduces a novel design approach for perovskite solar cells utilizing a CsPbI3 absorber layer to achieve high efficiency while keeping manufacturing costs low. The proposed perovskite cell configuration includes a CsPbI3 absorber layer, CdTe layer (HTL), IGZO layer (ETL), and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) layer. Through the utilization of SCAPS-1D software, a comprehensive investigation was carried out to analyze the impact of various parameters such as temperature, doping concentration, bandgap energy, resistances (shunt and series), and wavelengths on the device's performance. Furthermore, an effective approach was implemented to boost efficiency by incorporating a secondary perovskite absorber layer CsPbCl3−yIy (y = 1, 2, or 3) into the CsPbI3-based solar cell structure. These additional CsPbCl3−yIy (y = 1, 2, or 3) layers aid in minimizing recombination losses, improving optical properties, and addressing the Voc deficit. The study revealed that integrating a second perovskite layer CsPbCl3−yIy (y = 1, 2, or 3) enhanced the efficiency of the FTO/IGZO/CsPbI3/CdTe solar cell from 27.20 to 31.75%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of Mg substitution on the structural, morphological and electrical properties of sprayed magnesium cobalt oxide (MgxCo3-xO4) thin films (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) have been studed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, compositional analysis with EDS technique and four probe method for the electric conductivity measurements. XRD evaluation exhibits that MgxCo3-xO4 thin films are polycrystalline with spinel cubic structure. The EDS study confirms the presence of Mg and Co in the substituted films with the same concentrations as in the starting solution confirming the formation of MgxCo3-xO4 thin films. The effect of temperature on the dc conductivity reveals that the electrical transport mechanism in MgxCo3-xO4 thin films is based on the three-dimensional Mott's variable-range hopping model. The density of states, the hopping distance, and the hopping energy have been successfully evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of the spray pyrolysis technique for the manufacture of high-grade SnO2 thin films, considering both pure and doped variations. Our study focuses on the morphological, structural, linear, and nonlinear optical aspects of these films. Through SEM and AFM analyses, we uncovered notable differences in the influence of doping on the morphology, particularly in terms of grain size and surface roughness. This study takes a comprehensive approach to characterize the reflectance, transmittance, and bandgap properties of pure and doped SnO2 films, with emphasis on the impact of doping on linear optics. We also examined third-order nonlinear optical studies based on Z-scan and THG techniques, uncovering the complex relationships between third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility and doping variations. By highlighting the implications of doping on the properties of SnO2 thin films, our research underscores the essential role of doping in tailoring these films for specific technological applications, such as optoelectronics, sensors, and solar cells. We emphasize the promising prospects of SnO2 films synthesized by spray pyrolysis to improve solar cell efficiency and durability, facilitate efficient modulation of chemical interactions, and enable double-layer doping of perovskite solar cells. In summary, our study not only enriches our understanding of Tin Oxide thin films but also provides valuable information for optimizing their performance in a variety of applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanical properties, namely the elastic constants (C11, C12, and C44), bulk B, shear Cs, and Young's modulus Y0, of the In1-xGaxAsyP1-y lattice-matched GaAs and InP substrates, were estimated using an artificial neural network (ANN method). This study aimed to create ANN networks that facilitate the estimation of the mechanical properties of alloys subjected to different temperatures and hydrostatic pressures. We aimed to predict the mechanical properties of InGaAsP alloys matched to InP and GaAs substrates as a function of temperature and hydrostatic pressure. ANN learning was performed based on the results validated by the empirical pseudopotential method data within the virtual crystal approximation, including the actual disorder potential. An ANN is a nonlinear process modeling technique frequently encountered in materials science. The predictive curves show high reliability, and underline the importance of using this approach to replace the time-consuming and costly experimental test, as well as to predict the mechanical response of the material where conventional modeling approaches have failed. Our method can consolidate the theoretical references found in the literature, it can also serve the field of engineering the mechanical properties of semiconductors, facilitate the successful design of optoelectronic devices, and serve future experimental works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigated the optoelectronic behavior of In1−xGaxAs alloy epitaxy on a GaAs substrate by varying the chemical composition of gallium. We studied the impact of the elastic deformation generated by the lattice mismatch between the material and substrate on the bandgap energy and absorption coefficient. The hydrostatic pressure and temperature were considered. Our aim was to show that this constraint can also contribute to widening the bandgap range. The results were exploited to optimize the efficiency of solar cells based on copper indium gallium (di) selenide Cu (In, Ga) Se2 (CIGS) using an InGaAs absorbent layer, which must be strained to minimize the cost of the cell by reducing the Ga (x) content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the deposition of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films using the spray pyrolysis (SPT) method. Different physical and chemical synthesis methods have been employed for the elaboration of CZTS thin films. SPT is a very simple, low-cost process that provides a high-purity product. Various researchers have studied the impact of precursor solution composition, substrate temperature, and other effects on the morphological, structural, electrical, and optical characteristics of CZTS thin films synthesized by spray pyrolysis. CZTS has been widely studied in optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, photodiodes, photoelectrochemical water splitting, and many others because of its fascinating properties and for its constituent elements that are abundantly present in the earth's crust, environmentally friendly, and non-toxic. This study could disseminate information about the work done so far on CZTS thin films in various applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research was conducted to examine the activation of inhomogeneous electric field-induced Raman scattering (IEFIRS) at ZnSe/GaAs interfaces. The inhomogeneous property of the electric field was taken into consideration which brings additional conditions to the ones predicted by perturbative and microscopic techniques. Results demonstrate that the activation of IEFIRS for electric fields at the interface oriented towards the layer seems to be effective only when the q component is in the direction of the gradient vector of the electric field magnitude.