1,272 results on '"Emphysema diagnostic imaging"'
Search Results
2. Pumice stone sign: Emphysematous osteomyelitis in diabetic ketoacidosis.
- Author
-
Tan WC, Lau SCX, and Lim YT
- Subjects
- Humans, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnosis, Emphysema microbiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Diabetic Ketoacidosis complications, Diabetic Ketoacidosis diagnosis, Osteomyelitis diagnosis, Osteomyelitis microbiology, Osteomyelitis complications, Osteomyelitis diagnostic imaging
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Orbital Emphysema.
- Author
-
Hashimoto E and Nagasaki K
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Middle Aged, Orbital Diseases diagnosis, Orbital Diseases diagnostic imaging, Orbital Diseases etiology, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnosis
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. [Transurethral Resection of Necrotic Tissue in the Bladder Caused by Emphysematous Cystitis].
- Author
-
Watanabe S, Segawa H, Tachibana H, and Kobayashi H
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Aged, Necrosis, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema surgery, Emphysema etiology, Urinary Bladder surgery, Urinary Bladder diagnostic imaging, Urinary Bladder pathology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Cystitis surgery, Cystitis diagnostic imaging, Cystitis etiology
- Abstract
Emphysematous cystitis is a relatively rare form of urinary tract infection. A 72-year-old man with diabetes mellitus and long-term indwelling urethral catheterization was diagnosed with emphysematous cystitis. The clinical findings were resolved by conservatively managing the patient with antibiotics. However, cystoscopy subsequently revealed a yellowish-white soft tissue mass in the bladder, which was unlikely to be a bladder tumor. The mass could not be removed easily and frequently caused urinary catheter obstruction. We successfully removed this mass by performing transurethral resection twice. Through histopathological examination, the mass was identified as necrotic tissue comprising bacteria, fibrin, and suspected bladder mucosa.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Emphysematous pyometra and emphysematous hepatitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in a diabetic dog.
- Author
-
Palomares A, Espada Y, Tobón Restrepo M, Abarca ML, Torrente C, Martino L, Viñeta C, Roura X, and Novellas R
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Female, Emphysema veterinary, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography veterinary, Hepatitis, Animal diagnosis, Hepatitis, Animal microbiology, Hepatitis, Animal diagnostic imaging, Hepatitis, Animal complications, Diabetes Complications veterinary, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Klebsiella Infections veterinary, Klebsiella Infections diagnosis, Klebsiella Infections complications, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Dog Diseases microbiology, Dog Diseases diagnosis, Klebsiella pneumoniae isolation & purification, Pyometra veterinary, Pyometra complications, Pyometra diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
A 14-year-old intact female diabetic dog presented with seizures and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. Radiographs revealed gas-filled tubular structures in the right and left caudal abdomen, raising concerns of emphysematous pyometra or small intestinal ileus. Ultrasonography played a pivotal role in confirming emphysematous pyometra, a technique previously documented only once in veterinary practice. This report also presents the first documented case of emphysematous pyometra in a diabetic dog attributed to Klebsiella pneumoniae and complicated by emphysematous hepatitis., (© 2024 The Authors. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Radiology.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Emphysematous cystitis with positive string test.
- Author
-
Ono R, Iwahana T, and Kobayashi Y
- Subjects
- Humans, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Cystitis diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None declared.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Gastric emphysema with massive hepatic portal venous gas.
- Author
-
Niida T, Takeuchi M, Kataoka K, and Isoda K
- Subjects
- Humans, Portal Vein diagnostic imaging, Gastritis, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema etiology
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Multifocal emphysematous osteomyelitis, a do not miss diagnosis for the emergency radiologist: a case report with literature review.
- Author
-
Saha D, Tai R, Kapare V, and Joshi G
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Tomography, X-Ray Computed adverse effects, Pyelonephritis diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Osteomyelitis diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Emphysematous osteomyelitis (EO) is an uncommon fatal condition with high morbidity and mortality. Simultaneous involvement of the axial and appendicular skeleton with multifocal disease is even rarer, with only a few cases being reported in the literature. We present a case of multifocal emphysematous osteomyelitis in a 56-year-old woman with concurrent emphysematous pyelonephritis complicated by psoas and epidural abscesses. The causative organism in our patient was Escherichia coli. Emergency radiologists should be aware of this condition and differentiate it from other benign entities that can present with intraosseous gas. Prompt diagnosis is important given the high morbidity and mortality with this condition. This case report emphasizes the specific pattern of intraosseous gas seen with EO, which can help diagnose EO with confidence., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to American Society of Emergency Radiology (ASER).)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Endoscopic Lung Volume Reduction With Vapor Ablation in Patients With Severe Emphysema.
- Author
-
Luna-Pardo C, Cruz-Chamorro DA, Martínez-Tomás R, Briones-Gómez A, and Cases-Viedma E
- Subjects
- Humans, Pneumonectomy, Bronchoscopy, Lung, Treatment Outcome, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Emphysema surgery, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema surgery
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Perforated emphysematous cystitis with widespread extraperitoneal gas and subcutaneous emphysema.
- Author
-
Mijović K, Vasin D, Talakic E, Pavlović A, Mašulović D, and Djurić-Stefanović A
- Subjects
- Humans, Subcutaneous Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Cystitis diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Deep Learning-Based Kernel Adaptation Enhances Quantification of Emphysema on Low-Dose Chest CT for Predicting Long-Term Mortality.
- Author
-
Park H, Hwang EJ, and Goo JM
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Lung diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Deep Learning, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to ascertain the predictive value of quantifying emphysema using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) post deep learning-based kernel adaptation on long-term mortality., Materials and Methods: This retrospective study investigated LDCTs obtained from asymptomatic individuals aged 60 years or older during health checkups between February 2009 and December 2016. These LDCTs were reconstructed using a 1- or 1.25-mm slice thickness alongside high-frequency kernels. A deep learning algorithm, capable of generating CT images that resemble standard-dose and low-frequency kernel images, was applied to these LDCTs. To quantify emphysema, the lung volume percentage with an attenuation value less than or equal to -950 Hounsfield units (LAA-950) was gauged before and after kernel adaptation. Low-dose chest CTs with LAA-950 exceeding 6% were deemed emphysema-positive according to the Fleischner Society statement. Survival data were sourced from the National Registry Database at the close of 2021. The risk of nonaccidental death, excluding causes such as injury or poisoning, was explored according to the emphysema quantification results using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models., Results: The study comprised 5178 participants (mean age ± SD, 66 ± 3 years; 3110 males). The median LAA-950 (18.2% vs 2.6%) and the proportion of LDCTs with LAA-950 exceeding 6% (96.3% vs 39.3%) saw a significant decline after kernel adaptation. There was no association between emphysema quantification before kernel adaptation and the risk of nonaccidental death. Nevertheless, after kernel adaptation, higher LAA-950 (hazards ratio for 1% increase, 1.01; P = 0.045) and LAA-950 exceeding 6% (hazards ratio, 1.36; P = 0.008) emerged as independent predictors of nonaccidental death, upon adjusting for age, sex, and smoking status., Conclusions: The application of deep learning for kernel adaptation proves instrumental in quantifying pulmonary emphysema on LDCTs, establishing itself as a potential predictive tool for long-term nonaccidental mortality in asymptomatic individuals., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest and source of funding: none declared., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Emphysematous Pancreatitis as a Life-Threatening Condition: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
- Author
-
Filipović A, Mašulović D, Bulatović D, Zakošek M, Igić A, and Filipović T
- Subjects
- Humans, Drainage, Pancreas surgery, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema therapy, Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing diagnosis, Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Emphysematous pancreatitis represents the presence of gas within or around the pancreas on the ground of necrotizing pancreatitis due to superinfection with gas-forming bacteria. This entity is diagnosed on clinical grounds and on the basis of radiologic findings. Computed tomography is the preferred imaging modality used to detect this life-threating condition. The management of emphysematous pancreatitis consists of conservative measures, image-guided percutaneous catheter drainage or endoscopic therapy, and surgical intervention, which is delayed as long as possible and undertaken only in patients who continue to deteriorate despite conservative management. Due to its high mortality rate, early and prompt recognition and treatment of emphysematous pancreatitis are crucial and require individualized treatment with the involvement of a multidisciplinary team. Here, we present a case of emphysematous pancreatitis as an unusual occurrence and discuss disease features and treatment options in order to facilitate diagnostics and therapy.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Emphysematous pyelonephritis with progression to necrotising fasciitis of the posterior cervical region and the retropharyngeal space.
- Author
-
Kumar R, Chandran SK, Dangi AD, and Kumar S
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Abscess drug therapy, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Middle Aged, Diabetes Complications drug therapy, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema drug therapy, Fasciitis, Necrotizing drug therapy, Pyelonephritis complications, Pyelonephritis diagnostic imaging, Pyelonephritis drug therapy
- Abstract
A man in his 50s with diabetes presented with backache, left flank pain and fever. On evaluation, he was found to have emphysematous pyelonephritis of the left kidney with a paranephric abscess extending into the posterior abdominal wall and superiorly up to the posterior chest wall and inferiorly extending up to the posterior superior iliac spine. The management involved the initiation of broad-spectrum antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of the abscess. However, as he continued to worsen symptoms-wise, he underwent computed-enhanced CT of the abdomen and thorax. The imaging revealed the presence of a purulent collection in the left lumbar region with an extension along the posterior cervical region and the retropharyngeal space. He underwent a fasciotomy of the lumbar region. The occurrence of emphysematous pyelonephritis along with necrotising fasciitis is uncommon and requires early aggressive management with broad-spectrum antibiotics and adequate drainage. This emphasises the need for early reimaging if the patient does not settle with antibiotics or percutaneous drainage., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Sex-specific emphysematous changes evaluated by a three-dimensional computed tomography volumetric analysis among patients with smoking histories who underwent resection for lung cancer.
- Author
-
Wijesinghe AI, Kobayashi N, Kitazawa S, Maki N, Yanagihara T, Saeki Y, Kikuchi S, Goto Y, Ichimura H, and Sato Y
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Female, Lung diagnostic imaging, Lung pathology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Smoking adverse effects, Lung Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Lung Neoplasms surgery, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Emphysema etiology, Pulmonary Emphysema pathology, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema etiology, Emphysema pathology
- Abstract
Purpose: The present study evaluated the sex-specific susceptibility to the development of emphysema in patients with smoking histories who underwent lung cancer surgeries., Methods: Lung cancer patients with smoking histories who underwent lung resection at the University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan, were enrolled. Radiologic emphysematous changes were analyzed using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT). The volume proportion of emphysematous lung per unit of smoking and the relationship between emphysematous change and clinicopathologic factors were evaluated., Results: Radiologic emphysematous changes analyzed using 3D-CT per pack-year smoked, defined as the Smoking-Emphysema Index (SEI), were greater in females than males. The difference was more profound in adenocarcinoma patients than in non-adenocarcinoma patients (0.70 ± 2.30 vs. 0.21 ± 0.28, P = 0.037)., Conclusion: Female lung cancer patients are more susceptible to smoking-induced emphysema than males. The SEI may be an effective indicator for evaluating smoking-induced emphysema., (© 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Emphysematous gastritis: challenges and uncertainties in diagnosis.
- Author
-
Hasegawa S, Hashimoto R, and Kobayashi T
- Subjects
- Humans, Gastritis diagnosis, Gastritis diagnostic imaging, Intraabdominal Infections, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Application of 3D computed tomography in emphysematous parenchyma patients scheduled for bronchoscopic lung volume reduction.
- Author
-
Wei P, Tao RJ, Lu HW, Xu JF, Liu YH, Wang H, Li LL, Gu Y, and Cao WJ
- Subjects
- Humans, Pneumonectomy adverse effects, Pneumonectomy methods, Retrospective Studies, Quality of Life, Lung diagnostic imaging, Lung surgery, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Treatment Outcome, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Emphysema surgery, Pulmonary Emphysema etiology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive surgery, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema surgery, Emphysema etiology
- Abstract
Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) is a feasible, safe, effective and minimally invasive technique to significantly improve the quality of life of advanced severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) automatic analysis software combined with pulmonary function test (PFT) was used to retrospectively evaluate the postoperative efficacy of BLVR patients. The purpose is to evaluate the improvement of lung function of local lung tissue after operation, maximize the benefits of patients, and facilitate BLVR in the treatment of patients with advanced COPD. All the reported cases of advanced COPD patients treated with BLVR with one-way valve were collected and analysed from 2017 to 2020. Three-dimensional-CT image analysis software system was used to analyse the distribution of low-density areas <950 Hounsfield units in both lungs pre- and post- BLVR. Meanwhile, all patients performed standard PFT pre- and post-operation for retrospective analysis. We reported six patients that underwent unilateral BLVR with 1 to 3 valves according to the range of emphysema. All patients showed a median increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 34%, compared with baseline values. Hyperinflation was reduced by 16.6% (range, 4.9%-47.2%). The volumetric measurements showed a significant reduction in the treated lobe volume among these patients. Meanwhile, the targeted lobe volume changes were inversely correlated with change in FEV1/FEV1% in patients with heterogeneous emphysematous. We confirm that 3D-CT analysis can quantify the changes of lung volume, ventilation and perfusion, to accurately evaluate the distribution and improvement of emphysema and rely less on the observer., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Machine learning slice-wise whole-lung CT emphysema score correlates with airway obstruction.
- Author
-
Lidén M, Spahr A, Hjelmgren O, Bendazzoli S, Sundh J, Sköld M, Bergström G, Wang C, and Thunberg P
- Subjects
- Humans, Prospective Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Lung diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Airway Obstruction diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Objectives: Quantitative CT imaging is an important emphysema biomarker, especially in smoking cohorts, but does not always correlate to radiologists' visual CT assessments. The objectives were to develop and validate a neural network-based slice-wise whole-lung emphysema score (SWES) for chest CT, to validate SWES on unseen CT data, and to compare SWES with a conventional quantitative CT method., Materials and Methods: Separate cohorts were used for algorithm development and validation. For validation, thin-slice CT stacks from 474 participants in the prospective cross-sectional Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) were included, 395 randomly selected and 79 from an emphysema cohort. Spirometry (FEV1/FVC) and radiologists' visual emphysema scores (sum-visual) obtained at inclusion in SCAPIS were used as reference tests. SWES was compared with a commercially available quantitative emphysema scoring method (LAV950) using Pearson's correlation coefficients and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis., Results: SWES correlated more strongly with the visual scores than LAV950 (r = 0.78 vs. r = 0.41, p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve for the prediction of airway obstruction was larger for SWES than for LAV950 (0.76 vs. 0.61, p = 0.007). SWES correlated more strongly with FEV1/FVC than either LAV950 or sum-visual in the full cohort (r = - 0.69 vs. r = - 0.49/r = - 0.64, p < 0.001/p = 0.007), in the emphysema cohort (r = - 0.77 vs. r = - 0.69/r = - 0.65, p = 0.03/p = 0.002), and in the random sample (r = - 0.39 vs. r = - 0.26/r = - 0.25, p = 0.001/p = 0.007)., Conclusion: The slice-wise whole-lung emphysema score (SWES) correlates better than LAV950 with radiologists' visual emphysema scores and correlates better with airway obstruction than do LAV950 and radiologists' visual scores., Clinical Relevance Statement: The slice-wise whole-lung emphysema score provides quantitative emphysema information for CT imaging that avoids the disadvantages of threshold-based scores and is correlated more strongly with reference tests than LAV950 and reader visual scores., Key Points: • A slice-wise whole-lung emphysema score (SWES) was developed to quantify emphysema in chest CT images. • SWES identified visual emphysema and spirometric airflow limitation significantly better than threshold-based score (LAV950). • SWES improved emphysema quantification in CT images, which is especially useful in large-scale research., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Reduce Measurement Variability at Longitudinal Quantitative CT to Improve Assessment of Emphysema.
- Author
-
Goo JM
- Subjects
- Humans, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. A chronic infectious bladder stone causing an obstructive emphysematous cystitis.
- Author
-
Boutin L, Zarworski J, Tang E, Goujon A, Plaud B, Donay JL, Dépret F, Bazin D, Letavernier E, and Dudoignon E
- Subjects
- Humans, Chronic Disease, Emphysema microbiology, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema etiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Urinary Bladder Calculi diagnostic imaging, Urinary Bladder Calculi complications, Cystitis microbiology, Cystitis complications
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Emphysematous Cystitis: A Rare Urologic Emergency.
- Author
-
Paola Pérez Riveros B and Mohseni MM
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Aged, Hematuria, Dysuria complications, Abdominal Pain, Urology, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Cystitis diagnosis, Cystitis complications
- Abstract
BACKGROUND Emphysematous cystitis is a rare urologic condition typically characterized by abdominal pain, hematuria, and dysuria. In some cases, complications such as bladder rupture, necrosis, and septic shock have been reported. Emphysematous cystitis has been associated with several predisposing medical conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, recurrent urinary tract infections, and immunosuppression, but can also infrequently present in an undifferentiated fashion without these aforementioned risk factors, such as in our patient's case. CASE REPORT We describe a rare case of emphysematous cystitis in a 67-year-old woman presenting to the Emergency Department with hematuria. The patient's presenting symptoms also included severe lower abdominal pain and dysuria. Examination revealed suprapubic tenderness and gross hematuria. Imaging revealed gas within the bladder lumen and throughout the bladder wall. Radiography showed concerns for emphysematous cystitis, without evidence of bladder fistula formation with adjacent bowel loops or cysto-vaginal fistula. After consultation with the Urology Department, the patient was admitted for serial examinations, intravenous antibiotics, and continued monitoring. The patient was discharged in good condition after a 3-day hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians evaluating patients for acute urologic symptoms should be alert to the possible diagnosis of emphysematous cystitis, given the potential for deterioration and concomitant complications. Although our patient's presentation included no traditional risk factors for emphysematous cholecystitis, she required hospitalization to ensure progressive improvement. Therefore, prompt management along with appropriate consultation with specialists are crucial to mitigate the risk of adverse outcomes in this rare urologic emergency.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Emphysematous osteomyelitis: a rare and aggressive disease.
- Author
-
Garrido Márquez I, Moyano Portillo Á, Acosta Martínez Del Valle MA, Rodríguez Madroñal G, and Pérez Cuenca E
- Subjects
- Humans, Risk Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Diagnosis, Differential, Osteomyelitis diagnostic imaging, Osteomyelitis therapy, Osteomyelitis complications, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Emphysematous osteomyelitis is an extremely rare entity consisting of the presence of intraosseous gas that can extend to the joints and adjacent soft tissues. It is an aggressive infectious process associated with high mortality, especially in patients with risk factors such as tumors or diabetes mellitus. Because early diagnosis and immediate treatment are crucial to prevent the potentially devastating consequences of this condition, imaging tests such as computed tomography play a fundamental role in its diagnosis and management. Therefore, radiologists must be aware that intraosseous gas is a rare but alarming sign that is pathognomonic of emphysematous osteomyelitis, especially in the axial skeleton., (Copyright © 2022 SERAM. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Indications for Percutaneous Drainage in Patients with Huang Class 3B Emphysematous Pyelonephritis: A Case Report and Literature Review.
- Author
-
Fukunaga S, Naito Y, Hoshino Y, Oba M, Kawanishi M, Yoshikane K, Egawa M, Ito T, and Tanabe K
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Middle Aged, Abscess complications, Escherichia coli, Drainage, Pyelonephritis complications, Diabetes Complications complications, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema therapy
- Abstract
Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a severe urinary tract infection common in patients with diabetes. Nephrectomy is recommended when the Huang classification is ≥3B. We herein report a case in which nephrectomy was avoided using antimicrobial agents and percutaneous drainage (PCD). A 59-year-old man was diagnosed with EPN (Huang classification 3B). The causative bacteria were Escherichia coli. Despite high-risk factors, EPN was cured with kidney preservation and PCD because the emphysema and abscess were not extensive. Thus, PCD should be considered in patients with Huang Class 3B EPN and high-risk factors if emphysema and abscess are not extensive.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Emphysematous aortitis: successful management with antibiotic therapy.
- Author
-
Sahutoglu T and Sahutoglu E
- Subjects
- Humans, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Blood Vessel Prosthesis, Aortitis diagnostic imaging, Aortitis drug therapy, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema drug therapy
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Quantifying the spatial clustering characteristics of radiographic emphysema explains variability in pulmonary function.
- Author
-
Vestal BE, Ghosh D, Estépar RSJ, Kechris K, Fingerlin T, and Carlson NE
- Subjects
- Humans, Benchmarking, Lung diagnostic imaging, Cluster Analysis, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Quantitative assessment of emphysema in CT scans has mostly focused on calculating the percentage of lung tissue that is deemed abnormal based on a density thresholding strategy. However, this overall measure of disease burden discards virtually all the spatial information encoded in the scan that is implicitly utilized in a visual assessment. This simplification is likely grouping heterogenous disease patterns and is potentially obscuring clinical phenotypes and variable disease outcomes. To overcome this, several methods that attempt to quantify heterogeneity in emphysema distribution have been proposed. Here, we compare three of those: one based on estimating a power law for the size distribution of contiguous emphysema clusters, a second that looks at the number of emphysema-to-emphysema voxel adjacencies, and a third that applies a parametric spatial point process model to the emphysema voxel locations. This was done using data from 587 individuals from Phase 1 of COPDGene that had an inspiratory CT scan and plasma protein abundance measurements. The associations between these imaging metrics and visual assessment with clinical measures (FEV[Formula: see text], FEV[Formula: see text]-FVC ratio, etc.) and plasma protein biomarker levels were evaluated using a variety of regression models. Our results showed that a selection of spatial measures had the ability to discern heterogeneous patterns among CTs that had similar emphysema burdens. The most informative quantitative measure, average cluster size from the point process model, showed much stronger associations with nearly every clinical outcome examined than existing CT-derived emphysema metrics and visual assessment. Moreover, approximately 75% more plasma biomarkers were found to be associated with an emphysema heterogeneity phenotype when accounting for spatial clustering measures than when they were excluded., (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Severe emphysematous pyelonephritis due to nosocomial infection.
- Author
-
Lin Q, Geng Z, and Zhang Q
- Subjects
- Humans, Cross Infection, Pyelonephritis complications, Pyelonephritis diagnostic imaging, Diabetes Complications, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Recurrent idiopathic pancreatitis complicating as emphysematous pancreatitis and gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm: A rare case report.
- Author
-
Taneja V, Shah D, Dessai R, Sondhi M, Nautiyal M, and Garg A
- Subjects
- Humans, Acute Disease, Abdomen, Arteries, Pancreatitis complications, Pancreatitis diagnostic imaging, Aneurysm, False complications, Aneurysm, False diagnostic imaging, Aneurysm, False therapy, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema surgery
- Abstract
Emphysematous pancreatitis (EP) is a rare and potentially fatal condition of the pancreas. It is associated with gas-forming bacteria and is characterized by the presence of gas in or around the pancreas. It is identified by a computed tomography scan of the abdomen. Although predisposing factors are not precisely known, diabetes mellitus, which predisposes to gas gangrene, is seen to be commonly associated with patients of EP. EP being potentially fatal requires immediate management. Surgery is generally indicated in EP. However, EP can also managed conservatively. In our case, the patient developed recurrent pancreatitis, the cause being idiopathic, and the second episode of acute pancreatitis was complicated by EP and gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm., Competing Interests: None
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Emphysematous cystitis presenting as pneumoperitoneum and pneumoretroperitoneum.
- Author
-
Yeh CM, Huang SY, and Chou CM
- Subjects
- Humans, Abdomen, Injections, Intraperitoneal, Retropneumoperitoneum diagnostic imaging, Retropneumoperitoneum etiology, Pneumoperitoneum diagnostic imaging, Pneumoperitoneum etiology, Cystitis diagnosis, Cystitis diagnostic imaging, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None declared.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Emphysematous pyelonephritis in a patient with chronic pancreatitis and diabetes.
- Author
-
Wu K, Zhang F, and Wang X
- Subjects
- Humans, Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Pancreatitis, Chronic, Pyelonephritis complications, Pyelonephritis diagnostic imaging, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest We declare no competing interests.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. [A woman with abdominal pain and rapidly expanding subcutanaeous emphysema].
- Author
-
Maâtoug C, CourrechStaal EFW, and Haberkorn BCM
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Aged, Abdominal Pain etiology, Abdomen, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Emphysema
- Abstract
We present a 77-year-old woman with suspicion of hepatogenic and lymphogenic metastatic coloncarcinoma who developed a rapidly expanding subcutanaeous emphysema and hematoma formation. Computerized tomography (CT) pelvis with contrast revealed extensive free air in abdomen and leg compatible with fasciitsnecroticans. Blood cultures came out positive for Clostridium septicum. Despite intravenous antibiotics her condition deteriorated rapidly and she passed away.
- Published
- 2023
30. Emphysematous Osteomyelitis of the Pubis Associated With Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection of the Thigh.
- Author
-
Moon TJ, Ina J, Raji Y, Padubidri A, and Sontich J
- Subjects
- Humans, Thigh, Pubic Bone, Soft Tissue Infections diagnostic imaging, Osteomyelitis diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Emphysematous osteomyelitis (EO) is a rare condition identified through the presence of intraosseous gas. It is frequently fatal even with prompt recognition and management. We report a case of EO presenting with a necrotizing soft tissue infection of the thigh in the setting of prior pelvic radiation. The purpose of this study was to highlight the unusual association between EO and necrotizing soft tissue infection., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Coexistence of emphysematous liver abscess & bilateral emphysematous urinary infection.
- Author
-
Zheng W and Zhou H
- Subjects
- Humans, Liver Abscess complications, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Urinary Tract Infections complications, Urinary Tract Infections diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Competing Interests: None
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. An Uncommon Complication of Emphysematous Cystitis and Pyelitis.
- Author
-
Mathew N and Pullockara JK
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Aged, 80 and over, Abscess, Cystitis diagnosis, Cystitis diagnostic imaging, Pyelitis diagnosis, Pyelitis diagnostic imaging, Urinary Tract Infections complications, Urinary Tract Infections drug therapy, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Psoas muscle abscesses associated with emphysematous urinary tract infections are rare. There are not many case reports about urinary tract infections such as emphysematous pyelitis and emphysematous cystitis complicating psoas muscle abscesses. Here, we report a case of an ipsilateral psoas muscle abscess following emphysematous cystitis and emphysematous pyelitis in an 81-year-old diabetic man. He was treated with prolonged antibiotic therapy and other supportive care., (Copyright © 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Emphysematous cystitis, iliopsoas abscess, and pneumorrhachis in an elderly woman: a case report.
- Author
-
Stein M, Min A, Mohammed B, Mathur S, and Ailon J
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Pneumorrhachis diagnostic imaging, Pneumorrhachis etiology, Psoas Abscess complications, Cystitis complications, Cystitis diagnostic imaging, Urinary Tract Infections complications, Urinary Tract Infections drug therapy, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Background: Emphysematous cystitis is a well-described life threatening complication of urinary tract infection, most commonly seen in patients with diabetes and typically caused by gas forming bacterial or fungal pathogens. Pneumorrhachis is the rare finding of gas within the spinal canal, most commonly reported in the context of cerebrospinal fluid leakage secondary to trauma or spinal instrumentation. To our knowledge there is only one other reported case of pneumorrhachis in the setting of emphysematous cystitis., Case Presentation: This is a single case report of pneumorrhachis in the setting of emphysematous cystitis. An 82-year-old Asian female patient originally from East Asia, with no prior medical history besides hypertension, presented to hospital with a chief complaint of acute on chronic neck pain and functional decline. Examination revealed nonspecific neurosensory deficits and suprapubic tenderness. Laboratory investigations demonstrated leukocytosis and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase containing Escherichia coli bacteremia and bacteriuria. Computed tomography showed emphysematous cystitis with widespread gas within the cervical and lumbar spinal canal, as well as multiple gas-containing soft tissue collections in the bilateral psoas muscles and paraspinal soft tissues. Despite prompt antimicrobial therapy the patient passed away within 48 hours from septic shock., Conclusions: Our case adds to a growing body of literature showing that the spread of air to distant sites, including the spine, may be a poor prognostic indicator in patients with gangrenous intraabdominal infections. This report highlights the importance of recognizing the causes and presentation of pneumorrhachis to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of potentially life threatening and treatable causes., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Isolated renal mucormycosis masquerading as emphysematous pyelonephritis.
- Author
-
Narayanaswamy S, Goradia R, Bellurkar A, and Patwardhan S
- Subjects
- Humans, Kidney diagnostic imaging, Kidney pathology, Mucormycosis diagnosis, Mucormycosis complications, COVID-19 complications, Pyelonephritis diagnostic imaging, Pyelonephritis drug therapy, Diabetes Complications diagnosis, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema complications
- Abstract
Mucormycosis is an acute, life-threatening infection and isolated renal involvement is rare. Due to the angioinvasive nature of the disease, it is rapidly progressive and can be lethal if not managed expeditiously. In patients with underlying conditions of immunosuppression, diabetes mellitus, transplantation, COVID-19, intravenous drug and substance use and pyelonephritis, which is unable to be controlled via regular antibiotics, mucormycosis must be considered on the differential and antifungals must be empirically started. Most cases are often diagnosed on histopathology, which causes delayed treatment and resolution. We present a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis diagnosed on imaging and was later found to have mucormycosis on histopathological examination., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Orbital Emphysema.
- Author
-
Lee NJ and Chiu PW
- Subjects
- Humans, Subcutaneous Emphysema diagnosis, Subcutaneous Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Subcutaneous Emphysema etiology, Emphysema diagnosis, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema etiology, Orbital Diseases diagnosis, Orbital Diseases diagnostic imaging, Orbital Diseases etiology
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Emphysematous pyelonephritis in an alcoholic and diabetic patient.
- Author
-
Wang CH and Liu CH
- Subjects
- Humans, Pyelonephritis complications, Pyelonephritis diagnostic imaging, Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema etiology, Diabetic Nephropathies
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest There are no conflicts of interest to declare.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. AN UNUSUAL COMPLICATION OF PERCUTANEOUS ENDOSCOPIC GASTROSTOMY: ACUTE GASTRIC EMPHYSEMA.
- Author
-
Tenlik İ
- Subjects
- Humans, Stomach, Enteral Nutrition adverse effects, Gastrostomy adverse effects, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema etiology
- Abstract
Competing Interests: The author declares no conflicts of interest.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. CT-based emphysema characterization per lobe: A proof of concept.
- Author
-
Wisselink HJ, Yang X, Rook M, Heuvelmans MA, Jiang W, Zhang J, Du Y, Vonder M, Dorrius MD, Ye Z, de Bock GH, and Vliegenthart R
- Subjects
- Humans, Lung diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Smoking epidemiology, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
- Abstract
Purpose: The Fleischner society criteria are global criteria to visually evaluate and classify pulmonary emphysema on CT. It may group heterogeneous disease severity within the same category, potentially obscuring clinically relevant differences in emphysema severity. This proof-of-concept study proposes to split emphysema into more categories and to assess each lobe separately, and applies this to two general population-based cohort samples to assess what information such an extension adds., Method: From a consecutive sample in two general population-based cohorts with low-dose chest CT, 117 participants with more than a trace of emphysema were included. Two independent readers performed an extended per-lobe classification and assessed overall severity semi-quantitatively. An emphysema sum score was determined by adding the severity score of all lobes. Inter-reader agreement was quantified with Krippendorff Alpha., Results: Based on Fleischner society criteria, 69 cases had mild to severe centrilobular emphysema, and 90 cases had mild or moderate paraseptal emphysema (42 had both types of emphysema). The emphysema sum score was significantly different between mild (10.7 ± 4.3, range 2-22), moderate (20.1 ± 3.1, range: 15-24), and severe emphysema (23.6 ± 3.4, range: 17-28, p < 0.001), but ranges showed significant overlap. Inter-reader agreement for the extended classification and sum score was substantial (alpha 0.79 and 0.85, respectively). Distribution was homogenous across lobes in never-smokers, yet heterogenous in current smokers, with upper-lobe predominance., Conclusions: The proposed emphysema evaluation method adds information to the original Fleischner society classification. Individuals in the same Fleischner category have diverse emphysema sum scores, and lobar emphysema distribution differs between smoking groups., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: RV reports an institutional grant from Siemens Healthineers. HJW is funded by KNAW grant PSA-SA-BD-01. All other authors did not report conflicts of interest. No specific funding for this project was received., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Emphysematous hepatitis with successful treatments: A rare case report.
- Author
-
Pan N, Wang S, and Miao Z
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Middle Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema therapy, Diabetes Mellitus drug therapy, Liver Diseases drug therapy, Hepatitis drug therapy, Hepatitis A
- Abstract
Rationale: Emphysematous hepatitis (EH) is a rare and fulminant gas-forming liver infection. Only 3 patients were successfully treated. Diabetes mellitus and a history of digestive system cancer may predispose individuals to EH. Computed tomography (CT) findings support the diagnosis of EH and monitor progress., Patient Concerns: A 48-year-old man with diabetes presented with nausea, vomiting (gastric contents) and diarrhea. Laboratory test results revealed elevated levels of inflammatory indicators and abnormal liver function. CT showed a large-scale air collection with some remaining parenchymal debris in the left lobe of the liver. Remarkably, no fluid was observed inside the lesion., Diagnose: The abdominal CT features and laboratory examination results rationalized the diagnosis of EH., Interventions and Outcomes: The patient finally recovered from this severe disease through a series of effective treatments, including strict glucose control, sensitive antibiotic therapy, and subsequent percutaneous drainage., Lessons: EH generally deteriorates rapidly and eventually leads to death. This case will raise awareness of the rare and severe disease, strengthen diagnostic capacities, and provide advice to treat it., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Evaluation of emphysema on thoracic low-dose CTs through attention-based multiple instance deep learning.
- Author
-
Fuhrman J, Yip R, Zhu Y, Jirapatnakul AC, Li F, Henschke CI, Yankelevitz DF, and Giger ML
- Subjects
- Humans, Lung diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Deep Learning, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
In addition to lung cancer, other thoracic abnormalities, such as emphysema, can be visualized within low-dose CT scans that were initially obtained in cancer screening programs, and thus, opportunistic evaluation of these diseases may be highly valuable. However, manual assessment for each scan is tedious and often subjective, thus we have developed an automatic, rapid computer-aided diagnosis system for emphysema using attention-based multiple instance deep learning and 865 LDCTs. In the task of determining if a CT scan presented with emphysema or not, our novel Transfer AMIL approach yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.94 ± 0.04, which was a statistically significant improvement compared to other methods evaluated in our study following the Delong Test with correction for multiple comparisons. Further, from our novel attention weight curves, we found that the upper lung demonstrated a stronger influence in all scan classes, indicating that the model prioritized upper lobe information. Overall, our novel Transfer AMIL method yielded high performance and provided interpretable information by identifying slices that were most influential to the classification decision, thus demonstrating strong potential for clinical implementation., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Extensive Multifocal Emphysematous Osteomyelitis of Spine: A Rare Case and a Review of Literature.
- Author
-
Sharma B, Lakhanpal V, Goyal A, Shree R, Raj S, Sreenivasan P, Biswal M, Ray P, and Angrup A
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Escherichia coli, Suppuration drug therapy, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema drug therapy, Osteomyelitis diagnostic imaging, Osteomyelitis drug therapy, Osteomyelitis microbiology
- Abstract
Background: Emphysematous osteomyelitis (EO) is an extremely rare form of osteomyelitis which is complicated mainly by infection with gas-forming organisms. The common causative agents of this disease are mainly members of Enterobacteriaceae family, the most common are Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae along with anaerobes. A total of 48 cases of EO have been reported in the literature till now globally and none have documented the isolation of Corynebacterium amycolatum., Case Presentation: We report a rare case of emphysematous osteomyelitis of the spine and pelvis due to Escherichia coli along with the isolation of Corynebacterium amycolatum from the same pus samples on two consecutive occasions in a 50-year-old female with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, who was successively treated with antibiotics and drainage of pus. We also did a brief review of the literature of all cases reported till now., Conclusion: The role of Corynebacterium amycolatum in the etiology of emphysematous osteomyelitis needs to be evaluated further in future studies as we cannot completely ignore its isolation in two consecutive samples as a mere contaminant., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Emphysematous cystitis: an incidental finding with varying outcomes.
- Author
-
Tan TJ, Parmar K, Mukherjee A, Sonawane P, and Badrakumar C
- Subjects
- Humans, Incidental Findings, Urinary Bladder diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema therapy, Cystitis diagnosis, Cystitis diagnostic imaging, Urinary Tract Infections
- Abstract
Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is a rare severe urinary tract infection characterised by pockets of air in and around the urinary bladder wall caused by gas-forming organisms. Common predisposing factors are chronic infection, immunosuppression, diabetes and neurogenic bladder. The presentation may vary from mild illness to severe life-threatening cystitis. We report two cases of incidental detection of EC diagnosed on imaging for the evaluation of unrelated symptoms. Although asymptomatic, this lethal disease still warrants prompt recognition and treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics and urinary bladder drainage to prevent severe morbidity and mortality.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Gastric emphysema after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement.
- Author
-
Mabuchi S, Mabuchi H, and Watari T
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Aged, 80 and over, Gastrostomy adverse effects, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema etiology, Gastritis diagnosis, Gastritis etiology, Gastritis therapy, Intraabdominal Infections
- Abstract
Emphysematous gastritis and gastric emphysema are different diseases. Sometimes, we treat the diseases without distinguishing them clearly because both are rare, and the mortality rate of emphysematous gastritis cases is high (55%). Gastric emphysema is more well known than is emphysematous gastritis after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement (80%). Particularly, it is a self-healing disease, and treatment with antibiotics is not required. CT is commonly used to diagnose emphysematous gastritis and gastric emphysema. The amount of radiation exposure is a concern for performing multiple CTs following air disappearance in the gastric wall. Here, we report the case of a 92-year-old man with gastric emphysema after PEG. It was useful to follow-up the patient by performing radiographic examination, and the disease was managed conservatively without antibiotic administration. We report that distinguishing gastric emphysema from emphysematous gastritis was necessary. Moreover, performance excessive tests and treatments should be avoided., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Association between visual emphysema and lung nodules on low-dose CT scan in a Chinese Lung Cancer Screening Program (Nelcin-B3).
- Author
-
Yang X, Dorrius MD, Jiang W, Nie Z, Vliegenthart R, Groen HJM, Heuvelmans MA, Sidorenkov G, Vonder M, Ye Z, and de Bock GH
- Subjects
- Humans, Tomography, X-Ray Computed adverse effects, Early Detection of Cancer adverse effects, Lung diagnostic imaging, China, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Emphysema epidemiology, Pulmonary Emphysema etiology, Lung Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Lung Neoplasms epidemiology, Lung Neoplasms complications, Precancerous Conditions, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema epidemiology
- Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the association between visual emphysema and the presence of lung nodules, and Lung-RADS category with low-dose CT (LDCT)., Methods: Baseline LDCT scans of 1162 participants from a lung cancer screening study (Nelcin-B3) performed in a Chinese general population were included. The presence, subtypes, and severity of emphysema (at least trace) were visually assessed by one radiologist. The presence, size, and classification of non-calcified lung nodules (≥ 30 mm
3 ) and Lung-RADS category were independently assessed by another two radiologists. Multivariable logistic regression and stratified analyses were performed to estimate the association between emphysema and lung nodules, Lung-RADS category, after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, pack-years, and passive smoking., Results: Emphysema and lung nodules were observed in 674 (58.0%) and 424 (36.5%) participants, respectively. Participants with emphysema had a 71% increased risk of having lung nodules (adjusted odds ratios, aOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.26-2.31) and 70% increased risk of positive Lung-RADS category (aOR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.09-2.66) than those without emphysema. Participants with paraseptal emphysema (n = 47, 4.0%) were at a higher risk for lung nodules than those with centrilobular emphysema (CLE) (aOR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.32-4.50 and aOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.23-2.09, respectively). Only CLE was associated with positive Lung-RADS category (p = 0.02). CLE severity was related to a higher risk of lung nodules (ranges aOR: 1.44-2.61, overall p < 0.01)., Conclusion: In a Chinese general population, visual emphysema based on LDCT is independently related to the presence of lung nodules (≥ 30 mm3 ) and specifically CLE subtype is related to positive Lung-RADS category. The risk of lung nodules increases with CLE severity., Key Points: • Participants with emphysema had an increased risk of having lung nodules, especially smokers. • Participants with PSE were at a higher risk for lung nodules than those with CLE, but nodules in participants with CLE had a higher risk of positive Lung-RADS category. • The risk of lung nodules increases with CLE severity., (© 2022. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Emphysematous osteomyelitis of the spine mimicking esophageal rupture.
- Author
-
Mizumoto J
- Subjects
- Humans, Spine diagnostic imaging, Osteomyelitis diagnostic imaging, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Esophageal Diseases, Spinal Diseases diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The author has no conflicts of interest to declare.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Emphysematous cystitis in a haemodialysis patient.
- Author
-
Fukui S, Tamaki H, and Masato O
- Subjects
- Humans, Renal Dialysis, Cystitis diagnostic imaging, Cystitis etiology, Cystitis therapy, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema etiology
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Quantitative assessment of regional lung ventilation in emphysematous mice using hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI with a continuous flow hyperpolarizing system.
- Author
-
Wakayama T, Ueyama T, Imai F, Kimura A, and Fujiwara H
- Subjects
- Animals, Lung diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Mice, Pancreatic Elastase, Respiration, Artificial, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Xenon Isotopes
- Abstract
Background: Lung ventilation function in small animals can be assessed by using hyperpolarized gas MRI. For these experiments a free breathing protocol is generally preferred to mechanical ventilation as mechanical ventilation can often lead to ventilation lung injury, while the need to maintain a gas reservoir may lead to a partial reduction of the polarization., Purpose: To evaluate regional lung ventilation of mice by a simple but fast method under free breathing and give evidence for effectiveness with an elastase instilled emphysematous mice., Animal Model: Emphysematous mice., Materials and Methods: A Look-Locker based saturation recovery sequence was developed for continuous flow hyperpolarized (CF-HP)
129 Xe gas experiments, and the apparent gas-exchange rate, k', was measured by the analysis of the saturation recovery curve., Results: In mice with elastase-induced mild emphysema, reductions of 15-30% in k' values were observed as the results of lesion-induced changes in the lung., Data Conclusion: The proposed method was applied to an emphysematous model mice and ventilation dysfunctions have been approved as a definite decrease in k' values, supporting the usefulness for a non-invasive assessment of the lung functions in preclinical study by the CF-HP129 Xe experiments., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Emphysematous osteomyelitis of the spine with emphysematous pyelonephritis: A rare coexistence.
- Author
-
Singh A, Kaur N, Gupta M, and D'cruz S
- Subjects
- Humans, Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Pyelonephritis complications, Pyelonephritis diagnostic imaging, Osteomyelitis diagnosis, Osteomyelitis diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Competing Interests: None
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Venous gas caused by emphysematous pyelonephritis: a case report and review of literature.
- Author
-
Dong X, You S, Zhang H, Wang D, Pan W, Zhang B, Huang S, Li X, Pang J, and Ji W
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Escherichia coli, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Vomiting complications, Vomiting drug therapy, beta-Lactamases, Diabetes Complications complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Emphysema etiology, Emphysema therapy, Pyelonephritis complications, Pyelonephritis diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Background: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by a gas-producing necrotizing bacterial infection that involves the renal parenchyma, collecting system, and/or perinephric tissue. EPN is often complicated by a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, and venous air bubbles are an uncommon complication of it. We describe a 52-year-old woman who was admitted in coma, with a history of vomiting, and was found to have EPN with air bubbles in the uterine veins. We discuss the presentation, diagnosis, and pathogenesis of this uncommon but clinically significant event, and briefly review other case reports of venous gas or thrombosis caused by EPN., Case Presentation: We report the case of a 52-year-old woman with past history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, presenting with loss of consciousness after vomiting for half a day. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed unilateral EPN with air bubbles in the uterine veins. The blood, pus, and urine cultures were positive for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli. The patient's condition improved well after conservative management comprising supportive measures, broad-spectrum antibiotics, percutaneous drainage therapy, and an open operation., Conclusions: Venous air bubbles are rare but fatal complication of EPN. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to ensure good results., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Sestrin 2 levels are associated with emphysematous phenotype of COPD.
- Author
-
Angelakis L, Papaioannou AI, Papathanasiou E, Mazioti A, Kallieri M, Papatheodorou G, Patentalakis G, Hillas G, Papiris S, Koulouris N, Loukides S, and Bakakos P
- Subjects
- Emphysema complications, Emphysema diagnostic imaging, Humans, Nuclear Proteins genetics, Phenotype, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive complications, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnosis, Sestrins metabolism
- Abstract
Sestrins (Sesns) are a family of highly conserved stress-inducible proteins and various stresses have been shown to strongly up-regulate them. Sestrin 2 (Sesn2) deficiency has been shown to partially suppress pulmonary emphysema. The aim of this study was to evaluate Sesn2 levels in COPD patients and its possible associations with the presence of emphysema and blood eosinophils. All patients underwent lung function testing and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest. The presence of emphysematous lesions in >15% of the pulmonary parenchyma was considered as significant emphysema. Sixty-seven patients were included in the study. 40/67 patients were characterized as having significant emphysema. Patients with significant emphysema had higher levels of Sesn2 (ng/ml) [median (IQR) 6.7 (2.7,10.3 vs 1.09 (0.9,1.9), p<0.001)] and significantly lower % and absolute blood eosinophil counts (cells/μL) compared to patients without emphysema [1 (0, 2) vs 4 (2, 4) p<0.001 and 62 (0, 110) vs 248 (180, 300), p<0.001 respectively]. Sesn2 presented a significant positive correlation to the score of emphysema in HRCT (rs = 0.87, p<0.001) and similar positive but weaker correlation to FRC (rs = 0.27, p = 0.024). Negative correlations were observed between Sesn2 and either the % of blood eosinophils and/or the absolute blood eosinophil count (rs = -0.79, p<0.001, and rs = -0.78, p<0.001 respectively). Sesn2 levels above 1.87 ng/ml showed a high diagnostic performance for the presence of significant emphysema in HRCT with an AUC 0.93, 95% CI (0.85,0.98), p<0.001. Sesn2 could serve as a potential biomarker of emphysema., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.