Search

Purpose: This study aims to examine the impact of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) mandate and differences in national institutional quality on the underpricing of Initial Public Offering (IPO) companies. Design/methodology/approach: Multiple Difference-in-Differences (DiD) ordinary least squares estimations were conducted for 100 corporations listed on the Saudi Arabian stock market using country-level institutional quality data from 2005 to 2017. Findings: IFRS requirements and improvements in institutional quality have a combined effect on minimizing IPO underpricing. The analysis of the combined impact of IFRS requirements and differences in transparency revealed that IPO vendors leave $5 on average for IPO investors to cash out post the IFRS mandate, compared to $29 previously. Thus, IFRS serves as a quality certification instrument that alleviates IPO investors' ex ante uncertainties, even in nations with undeveloped institutions. Practical implications: The findings may be beneficial to researchers and policymakers. The results suggest that institutional quality enhancements and obligatory IFRS implementation highlight IFRS's synergistic influence on the IPO market. While European harmonization efforts drove the adoption of IFRS in Europe in 2005, Saudi Arabia's adoption of IFRS is not being driven by such initiatives (Daske et al., 2008; Persakis and Iatridis 2017). In reality, when IFRS was officially imposed in Saudi Arabia in 2008, it, like many other emerging market nations, made considerable reforms to its formal institutions. However, research on the combined impact of IFRS and disparities in institutional quality in emerging IPO markets remains sparse. Emerging markets represent more than half of economies that use IFRS. Therefore, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to conduct an empirical investigation to identify this combined effect in emerging countries using the DiD analytical technique. Equity market legislators remain concerned regarding IPO underpricing, as it has a detrimental influence on economic growth (Bova and Pereira, 2012; Jamaani and Ahmed, 2021; Mehmood et al., 2021). Depending on the degree of information asymmetry in national stock markets, underpricing costs increase the cost of going public for entrepreneurs. Consequently, prospective private firms are discouraged from accessing equity financing through the stock markets. This is likely to impede private sector development plans, causing a negative effect on economic growth. Originality/value: Emerging countries represent over 50% of the IFRS mandating economies. However, there is insufficient research on the combined effect of IFRS requirements and improvements in institutional quality in developing IPO markets. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first empirical attempt to identify this combined effect in one of the largest developing countries. The results may aid academics and policymakers in better understanding the interaction between these two variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate how emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs) are integrating and expanding into other emerging market host countries, focusing on Chinese mining companies in Peru. Design/methodology/approach: Adopting a qualitative approach, an in-depth analysis of two Chinese state-owned enterprises' strategies was conducted, building on stakeholder theory and the business ecosystem perspective. Findings: This study reveals a reliance on high-level political lobbying rather than localized engagement strategies. However, findings point to increasing grassroots resistance among local stakeholders, undermining EMNEs' bargaining power. Originality/value: This paper argues for a paradigm shift toward inclusive, cooperative "translocal governance" approaches as empowered communities gain voice. Key contributions include advancing theoretical understanding of changing stakeholder relationships and power configurations in emerging countries, underscoring the rising significance of microlevel sociocultural embeddedness for MNE success and highlighting practical imperatives for EMNEs to embark on rapid localization strategies in Latin America. By elucidating multilayered integration realities in Peru, this interdisciplinary study yields contextualized insights and enriches perspective on the conditions and pathways for EMNEs to build sustainability in Global South emerging market environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to establish the contribution of leader–member exchange (LMX) to sustainable development of public universities in the emerging country of Kenya. The participants were 320 employees from public universities in Kenya (female = 43.1%; middle level managers = 47.8%, top leadership team = 26.6%; mean year of service = 13 years, SD = 3.6 years). They completed measures on LMX, innovative work behaviour, organisational engagement and sustainable development. Following structural equation modelling, findings showed that high quality LMX characteristics exhibited between leaders and followers significantly contributed to organisational sustainable development. High quality LMX also significantly contributed to employee organisation engagement. The results further revealed that innovative work behaviour was positively associated with sustainable development in that high LMX relationships between leaders and their followers inspired workers to be more innovative in their jobs. Our findings suggest a need for emerging countries’ public universities to incorporate LMX in their policies and procedures for their sustainability. The results indicate that high LMX is a key factor for driving successful public universities in developing country settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the transition from Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the concept of development has shifted from development to inclusive development. This motivates authors to include not only growth and inequality but also poverty, which will represent our concept of inclusive development. The literature on trade and its impact on inequality and poverty is ambiguous and heterogeneous, reflecting the need for more empirical analyses to enable effective policy targeting and implementation. The study examines the dynamic linkages between trade and the GIP triangle (economic growth, poverty, and inequality) in 18 emerging countries from 1991 to 2020. As a contribution to the existing literature, the study emphasizes direct and indirect linkages between trade and the GIP triangle. Using the panel ARDL approach for panel data, the study finds that trade promotes growth. Trade also helps in deteriorating income inequality, while it is not a factor of poverty eradication in emerging economies. The study recommends that to maximize the effectiveness of trade policies; they must be complementary and implemented in tandem with trade reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Based on social cognitive theory, this study aims to analyze the impact of fear of failure on entrepreneurs' growth aspirations, the moderating role of collectivist institutional culture and the differences between emerging and developed countries. Design/methodology/approach: Using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness databases for 27 developed and 15 emerging countries, and Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness, the authors apply multilevel model with individual-level and country-level variables. Findings: The fear of failure has a negative impact on growth aspirations and that impact differs between developed and emerging countries. One of the main conclusions is that collectivist culture mitigates the negative impact of fear of failure on growth aspirations, and that this result is significant only in emerging countries. Originality/value: The authors introduce a boundary condition for this study's predictions, showing that in emerging countries, contrary to developed countries, the moderator effect of cultural context contributes to growth aspirations, despite the entrepreneur's fear of failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the interrelationships and elasticities between the production of renewable energy (RE) and three key variables: oil prices, gross domestic product (GDP) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Design/methodology/approach: The research uses panel data and time-series analyses for 10 developed and 16 emerging countries for the period 1976–2018, to identify panel and country-specific elasticity of RE production and dynamic causal relationships between these variables. The study uses an autoregressive distributed lag model to determine the long- and short-run dynamics between RE production and the three variables in each country. Findings: Results show a long-run elasticity between RE and GDP, and short-run dynamics between RE and oil prices and CO2 emissions in the developed countries. Whereas in the emerging countries category, there were long-run relationships between RE and GDP, CO2 emissions and oil prices. Practical implications: Results of this study are in fact crucial and can be applied in the drafting of resilience policies to tackle energy vulnerability as well as sustainable growth. The study results will inform and guide governments on the right policies to stimulate RE production in their own countries in the interests of both their national security and sustainable development globally. Originality/value: This paper attempts to contribute to the literature in at least two ways. First, research on identifying common determining factors, including socioeconomic factors, in both emerging and advanced economies is considerably scarce. Most of the previous research in this field has focused only on the absolute value of RE production in a particular geographical area. Second, many studies have focused on RE consumption. This research differs from them by focusing on the production of RE. Thus, the main contribution of this study is to fill these gaps. The study also presents novel empirical evidence to determine RE production elasticity from 26 countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan is the property of Tourism Institute of Beijing Union University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Inadequate and inappropriate e-waste management in developing African countries is harmful to human beings and to the environment. This paper offers a South African industry point of view of four stakeholder groups active in managing e-waste from household consumers. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with 20 participants representing environmental specialists; governmental bodies; recycling/disposal entities responsible for collection and recycling, and supply chain members producing, distributing, and retailing. ATLAS.ti was used to analyse the transcribed interviews. Industry views and several practical recommendations for effective e-waste recycling and collection from household consumers were offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study makes a valuable contribution to the existing literature by examining the impact of structural transformation on poverty reduction in 13 emerging economies during the period 2008-2018. The research utilizes a generalized method of moments (GMM) dynamic panel regression technique to identify the key drivers of poverty and inequality reduction. The findings reveal that structural change significantly contributes to poverty and income inequality reduction in the emerging economies under consideration. Specifically, the service sector and industry sector play pivotal roles in eradicating poverty and income inequality in these countries. However, the results suggest also that the agricultural sector may not be the most efficient means of reducing poverty and inequality in emerging economies. To increase its impact on poverty reduction, it is crucial to modernize and transform the agricultural sector into an agribusiness.

In this article, the relationship between international reserves and monetary autonomy in 21 emerging countries during the period 1999–2019 is investigated. Using a nonlinear panel analysis, we find that international reserves begin to have a positive effect on monetary autonomy when the ratio of international reserves to GDP is around 22%–23%. This result implies that the levels of international reserves are not necessarily excessive in most emerging countries and appear appropriate for supporting their monetary autonomy. Above this threshold, we also identify that the exchange rate regime and financial liberalization are no longer constraints for monetary autonomy. This result suggests a partial validity of the trilemma in emerging countries, with that validity depending on the level of international reserves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper is to study the impact of corporate sustainability practices on the financial performance of companies included in the BIST Sustainability 25 Index. To assess the efficiency and quality of corporate sustainability, general (ESG Disclosure Index) and partial (Environmental Disclosure Index, Social Disclosure Index, and Corporate Governance Disclosure Index) indices were used, calculated based on content analysis of sustainability reports. Based on the two given types of indices and four types of financial performance indicators (return on assets, return on equity, assets turnover ratio, and Tobin’s Q), two types of regression models (GEN models and PART models) were built, and eight analytical models were examined. Company size and leverage were included as control variables in each model. The regression analysis results were contradictory, partially confirming the conclusions of some scientists and refuting the findings of others. A study of GEN models revealed that companies implementing more effective general corporate sustainability practices have a significant positive impact only on return on equity; as for other measures (return on assets, assets turnover ratio, and Tobin’s Q), an insignificant relationship between them and ESG Disclosure Index was found. Results of the PART models analysis revealed a significant positive effect of the Social Disclosure Index on return on equity and assets turnover ratio and a negative relationship between the Corporate Governance Disclosure Index and assets turnover ratio. Using control variables for the two types of models showed a significant negative effect of company size on Tobin’s Q. AcknowledgmentThis study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Culture of Ukraine within the project “Development of a mechanism for the sustainable development of economic systems in the conditions of military operations and post-war recovery of the economy” (Registration number of the project: 0124U000463).

Despite numerous studies in the domain of green bonds, a paucity of literature concentrates on emerging countries’ green bonds. To fill this void, this study aims to examine the factors influencing green bond yield in the Asian and Latin American contexts. The data are compiled from the Bloomberg and Fred databases between 2017 and 2022. The panel regression with the Generalized Least Square method was employed. The results reveal that Asian green bonds provide higher yields with less risk to their investors than Latin American green bonds. The regression results of Asian green bonds show negligible effects of all factors, except coupon rate with a positive effect (β = 0.844), indicating its remarkable influence on green bond yield. However, the findings of Latin American green bonds uncover that coupon (β = 0.780), maturity (β = 0.025), and bond rate (β = 2.472) surpass the green bonds yield due to their positive effects, whereas issue size (β = –1.215) causes a reduction in the green bonds yield with their negative effect. Further, Environmental, Social, and Governance disclosure shows a positive (β = 1.611) effect, indicating better yield for investors due to their potential power to vanish greenwashing in these markets. Moreover, interest rate and GDP exert significant positive (β = 0.141) and negative (β = –0.030) effects on green bond yield, respectively. This observation implies that higher lending rates increase bond yield, whereas GDP-led growth provides lower yield due to better economic prospects and high investor demand for the bonds. AcknowledgmentThe authors are grateful to Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, for providing financial assistance in the form of a “JRF Contingency Grant” for this research article.

Emerging economies experiencing energy-intensive growth face increased energy price volatility, which could fuel macroeconomic instability with possible implications on their debt repayment capacity. This study implements a quantile vector autoregressive model on a dataset collected between April 2011 and July 2024 to examine the interplay among economic uncertainty, energy-related risks and sovereign risk in BRICS economies. The empirical results show these risk factors exhibit strong interconnectedness under low- and high-risk profiles. Under a low-risk profile, energy risks are transmitters in all countries except Russia and India. Sovereign risk receives shocks in Brazil, India and South Africa but transmits shocks in Russia and China, whereas economic risk is a shock transmitter in South Africa and India and plays the receiver role in Brazil, Russia and China. In high-risk conditions, economic risk is a shock transmitter in Russia and India but receives shocks in Brazil, China, and South Africa; Sovereign risk receives shocks in all countries except China while energy risk is a transmitter across countries except Russia. Therefore, the dynamics of the studied risks are driven by individual country heterogeneities including risk profile, economic structure, market conditions and energy trade status. Policymakers should combine energy, economic and debt management policies to promote economic stability and build crisis resilience. In conclusion, debt management and investment in renewable energy are alternative policy instruments to promote creditworthiness in emerging countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental impact of trade openness has been a subject of extensive research, but gaps exist in understanding how green financing interact with trade openness on carbon emissions in emerging economies. Thus, this research aims to investigate the moderating effect of green financing on the relationship between trade openness and carbon emissions in emerging countries. The study uses a balanced panel dataset comprising BRIC and CIVETS countries spanning 1998 to 2022 years. Employing threshold effect model, we uncover involved patterns and critical thresholds that influence the environmental outcomes of trade dynamics. Finally, this paper employs different econometric models fortifying the methodological underpinning of the study. We find that green financing and trade openness lead to a reduction in carbon emissions as they are negatively associated with emissions. Further, our study finds that green financing interacted with trade openness to reduce carbon emissions because interaction of trade openness makes stronger the relationship to reduce emissions. When these two factors interact, their combined effect is even more potent. Additionally, this study identifies a threshold effect in the role of green financing, where its inhibitory impact on carbon emissions intensifies as the level of green financing increases, lead to greater reductions in emissions. This research contributes in identifying the moderating effects of green financing and the threshold effects on carbon emissions at different levels of green financing. Thus, this article implies that increasing both green financing and trade openness, along with understanding their interactive and threshold effects, is crucial for achieving substantial carbon emissions reductions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation, by testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in Vietnam, a main export‐oriented country that features a long period of economic growth. The main originality of this work is that, unlike previous studies, it uses ecological footprint as the main indicator for environmental degradation. This allows to reconsider the results from previous studies that only focus on CO2 emissions performances. The cointegration between the analysed variables is investigated using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. To determine the parameters of the Environmental Kuznets Curve in the sample, this work additionally analyses long‐ and short‐run estimations. The paper shows that the EKC hypothesis holds in the long term for Vietnam when using ecological footprint. Nevertheless, it also shows that not only growth but also primary energy consumption contributes to increased environmental destruction. An active ecological policy and the decrease of fossil energy use seem necessary to allow Vietnam to keep a high level of economic growth and reduce environmental degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to determine the relationship between the SDGs and the happiness of people in 40 developed and 114 developing countries since the 2030 Agenda initiative was implemented back in 2015. No literature measures such an impact and it is essential to start the debate on the matter. This study determined that the relationship between the SDGs and the world's happiness among the time horizons analyzed (2015-2021) is negligible through a set of panel data and multiple linear regressions. There is much greater structural happiness that comes from sources other than the 2030 agenda. However, although most of these relationships are negative, the classification of the statistically significant SDGs into Maslow's pyramid offers a novel view that allows prioritizing taking actions first on those SDGs associated with the most basic needs of people. This study offers opportunities for future research into why an initiative such as the 2030 Agenda which seeks to generate well-being has the opposite effect and proposes that the initiatives associated with the 2030 Agenda be first linked to the SDGs at the bottom of Maslow's pyramid and that they progressively ascend as positive correlations are achieved between the SDGs and people's well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using panel data from emerging nations from 1990 to 2019, we evaluated the impact of financial development and renewable energy usage on economic growth. We used the panel unit root test, panel cointegration test, FMOLS and DOLS methods, and the VECM causal Granger technique to do this. The results of the cointegration test show that the variables are in short- and long-term equilibrium. Furthermore, the FOMLS and DOLS findings show that FDI, REC, and FD have a favorable and significant impact on economic growth in emerging economies. In the short and long run, the VECM results reveal that there is a stable two-way relationship between financial development and economic growth. The findings also suggest that renewable energy use in emerging countries may have a long-term impact on growth rates. Furthermore, there is a one-way relationship in the countries between financial prosperity and renewable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research paper is to investigate the association between internal Corporate Governance (CG) mechanisms and stock price volatility in Egypt as an emerging market. The paper investigates the impact of ownership structure and board structure as internal CG mechanisms on stock price volatility. Data are analyzed using a two-way fixed effects model, a one-step dynamic panel data model, and a panel weighted least squares model. The study concluded that ownership concentration has a negative influence on volatility. Interestingly, an inverted U-shaped relationship between the percentage of ownership by the greatest shareholder and volatility is evidenced. Managerial ownership also showed a negative influence on volatility. As for board structure mechanisms, the findings show that both board size and frequency of board meetings negatively influence volatility, whereas board independence has a positive impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study analyzes the asymmetric nexus of coal consumption with environmental quality and economic growth. In this context, the study focuses on eight leading emerging countries that take place in BRICS, E7, and Fragile Five groups. Also, the study uses yearly data from 1989 to 2021 and performs novel quantile methods, such as Granger Causality-in-Quantiles and Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (QQR). Also, quantile regression is used for robustness check. The results present that (i) there are causalities from coal consumption to both environmental quality and economic growth at 10% significance, whereas quantile and country-based results differ; (ii) effects of coal consumption on environmental quality are much stronger in lower quantiles for Brazil, Indonesia, India, South Africa, and, Turkey, but in higher quantiles for China, Mexico, and Russia; (iii) effects of coal consumption on economic growth are much stronger in lower quantiles for Brazil, Indonesia, India, Russia, South Africa, and Turkey; in higher quantiles for China; lower and middle quantiles for Russia; and all quantiles for Mexico; and (iv) the robustness of the QQR results are validated. Hence, empirical outcomes underline the highly crucial effects of coal consumption on environmental quality and economic growth in the countries. The results imply that policymakers should focus on efforts to decrease coal consumption gradually by applying a macro transition plan to increase environmental quality without causing economic decline by considering changing effects of coal consumption at quantiles and countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As developing countries have started to host the mega‐events (e.g., FIFA, Olympics), the focus has shifted toward the human rights conditions in the host country rather than the competition itself. Up to now, far too little attention has been paid to the impact of mega‐events on human rights. This study aims to fill that gap by examining the relationship between mega‐events and human rights violations in hosting countries. By applying panel data techniques to a rich dataset, we find that hosting mega‐events has a positive impact on human rights. These findings remain statistically significant after several different specifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most sovereign defaults are partial, with heterogeneous post-default outcomes, and commodity prices are an important determinant of sovereign default and the subsequent restructurings. In the case of emerging countries, as a result of direct dependence of government on revenues from commodity exports, declines in commodity prices reduce government's resources to service the external debt thereby increase the chances of default. In this paper, we construct a country-specific commodity price index with time-varying weights based on commodity exports to quantify the impact of commodity prices on the partial default rate measured by debt arrears. We show that declines in commodity prices have a significant, positive effect on the default rate. The overall predicted effects for a one-standard deviation decrease in a composite of the level and change of the price index at its 1st, 2nd, and 3rd quartile, on average, are 14.2, 12.5, and 9.3 percentage points respectively. We also show that for a country-specific one-standard deviation decrease in the composite price index, the predicted effect varies from insignificant to an increase of 33.8 percentage points. The country-specific effect on the default rate generally increases in magnitude with a country's dependence on commodity exports, while it depends heterogeneously on external indebtedness—increasing in magnitude for low levels (below a threshold of about 30 percent) of debt and decreasing thereafter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this research is to determine the function of cryptocurrencies as a transactions medium in developing country and solve critical economic problems through the application of practical and ethical solutions from cryptocurrencies. The research objectives included examining the extent to which the adoption of cryptocurrency has disrupted traditional financial systems and affected economic development, as well as investigating the potential benefits and challenges of using cryptocurrency for emerging market. The results showed that cryptocurrency offers benefits such as reduced transaction costs, faster settlement times, and increased transparency in transactions. However, there are also challenges such as regulatory and legal hurdles, security concerns, and limited understanding of cryptocurrency. The study also highlights the factors that influence the adoption of cryptocurrency in international trade, including regulatory and legal frameworks, security concerns, awareness and understanding of cryptocurrency, transaction costs, and integration with existing systems. Overall, the study provides insights into the potential opportunities and challenges presented by cryptocurrency in global trade and commerce, and the implications for policymakers, businesses, and investors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Comprehensive data on patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in emerging countries are lacking. The aim was to deepen our understanding of the SCD phenotype and identify risk factors for death among patients at high risk of SCD in emerging countries. Methods Patients who met the class I indication for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation according to guideline recommendations in 17 countries and regions underrepresented in previous trials were enrolled. Countries were stratified by the WHO regional classification. Patients were or were not implanted with an ICD at their discretion. The outcomes were all-cause mortality and SCD. Results We enrolled 4222 patients, and 3889 patients were included in the analysis. The mean follow-up period was 21.6 ± 10.2 months. There were 433 (11.1%) instances of all-cause mortality and 117 (3.0%) cases of SCD. All-cause mortality was highest in primary prevention (PP) patients from Southeast Asia and secondary prevention (SP) patients from the Middle East and Africa. The SCD rates among PP and SP patients were both highest in South Asia. Multivariate Cox regression modelling demonstrated that in addition to the independent predictors identified in previous studies, both geographic region and ICD use were associated with all-cause mortality in patients with high SCD risk. Primary prophylactic ICD implantation was associated with a 36% (HR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.531–0.802, p

This study empirically investigates the impact of external debt on economic growth, and assesses whether institutional quality matters for this influence, using data from 18 emerging countries during 1996 to 2020. The findings indicate that although an upsurge in external debt negatively affects economic growth, this impact is mitigated when there is an improvement in institutional quality, as reflected by three governance indicators: anti-corruption perception, voice and accountability, and perceptions of the rule of law. However, other three governance indicators (political stability, government effectiveness, and regulatory quality) failed to affect the economic growth favorably. These results have important implications for policymakers in emerging countries who are currently facing major fiscal and external imbalances due to high expenditure on military goods/thigh cost of war, decrease in trade, and financial loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a growing topic, particularly in the context of decision-making processes. However, there is a limited focus on this subject, especially in developing and emerging countries, which present unique challenges distinct from those in developed nations. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in these regions have received insufficient empirical attention, and existing literature suggests that variables influencing AI adoption may vary based on the configurations of these companies. This study addresses two critical research gaps by examining AI adoption in the specific context of Colombian organizations, particularly focusing on SME managers. Replicating scales and a structured model from a previous study in the United Kingdom, the research involves 83 companies from the Caribbean region of Colombia. The findings reveal partial differences from the UK study, emphasizing the impact of facilitating conditions on behavioral intentions to adopt AI in decision-making, while peer influence lacks significance. While 10 out of 17 hypotheses replicate UK results, the study raises questions about how SMEs in Latin America perceive threat, severity, effort, personal concerns, and external support differently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work focuses studied the experience of African countries in terms of industrialization. We explained the failure of this experiment by colonization. Likewise, the comparison of this experience with those of other developing regions is also made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the contribution of industrial robots to labor productivity growth and cross-country economic convergence in a sample of 19 developed and 16 emerging countries over the period 1999 to 2019. To answer our research questions, we extend the non-parametric production frontier framework by considering industrial robots as a separate production factor. We find a positive contribution of robotization to labor productivity growth for all countries in our sample. In the period after the financial crisis (2009 to 2019) the contribution of robot capital deepening to productivity growth gained in importance. Over the period 1999 to 2019 we find some evidence of i) unconditional β-convergence (countries with lower initial productivity levels grow faster), ii) a reduction in the dispersion of productivity levels across economies (σ-convergence) and iii) a depolarization (shift from bimodal to unimodal distribution) of the labor productivity distribution in our sample. Accumulation of 'traditional' physical capital is the main driver of β-convergence. Robot capital deepening significantly contributed to economic convergence and the depolarization of the labor productivity distribution, but its effect on the entire shift of the labor productivity distribution is modest and dominated by other drivers of productivity growth such as 'traditional' physical capital deepening and technological change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Comprehensive data on patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in emerging countries are lacking. The aim was to deepen our understanding of the SCD phenotype and identify risk factors for death among patients at high risk of SCD in emerging countries. Methods: Patients who met the class I indication for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation according to guideline recommendations in 17 countries and regions underrepresented in previous trials were enrolled. Countries were stratified by the WHO regional classification. Patients were or were not implanted with an ICD at their discretion. The outcomes were all-cause mortality and SCD. Results: We enrolled 4222 patients, and 3889 patients were included in the analysis. The mean follow-up period was 21.6 ± 10.2 months. There were 433 (11.1%) instances of all-cause mortality and 117 (3.0%) cases of SCD. All-cause mortality was highest in primary prevention (PP) patients from Southeast Asia and secondary prevention (SP) patients from the Middle East and Africa. The SCD rates among PP and SP patients were both highest in South Asia. Multivariate Cox regression modelling demonstrated that in addition to the independent predictors identified in previous studies, both geographic region and ICD use were associated with all-cause mortality in patients with high SCD risk. Primary prophylactic ICD implantation was associated with a 36% (HR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.531–0.802, p < 0.0001) lower all-cause mortality risk and an 80% (HR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.116–0.343, p < 0.0001) lower SCD risk. Conclusions: There was significant heterogeneity among patients with high SCD risk in emerging countries. The influences of geographic regions on patient characteristics and outcomes were significant. Improvement in increasing ICD utilization and uptake of guideline-directed medical therapy in emerging countries is urgent. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02099721. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change effect mitigation is a critical priority for top leaders and communities around the globe. Human-induced environmental issues are affecting humankind's standard of living and development potential and the planetary boundaries. Sustainability objectives aim to enhance environmental quality and ensure sustainable development for all by eliminating social inequalities. This study examines the complex relationships between demographic features, foreign direct investment, technological innovation, and ecological footprint, emphasizing the relevance of population aging, population density, and urbanization in this context. The research uses a selection of emerging European economies during 1995–2018. The reasons for countries' selection are related to the increasing rate of population aging in European countries, the attractiveness for foreign direct investment, the economic growth, and the technological advancement potential these emerging countries possess. In order to investigate the long-run relationship between the selected variables, the study tests the cross-section dependence, homogeneity, and cointegration and uses Konya tests to determine panel causality. Based on Konya methodology, differences between countries in the panel are evidenced and discussed accordingly. Our findings confirm the long-run relationship between environment, technological innovation, population aging, and FDI. The results of this research are highly relevant for policymakers in selected countries for identifying the set of correlations and the relevance of various variables in such national economies. Demographic features such as population aging and population density are critical for Europe, and the results show the impact on the ecological footprint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Institutional quality has been opined as a significant determinant of FDI inflow in international business literature. On the contrary, literature on determinants of institutional quality and how it changes is scant and merits further study. This study analyses the impact of FDI on institutional distance in the context of India and its partner countries, i.e., whether it leads to convergence or divergence of institutional distance. We identified a significantly positive impact of FDI on institutional distance. Further, to capture the heterogeneity among our partner countries, we subdivided our sample based on the partner country's development level and analysed the source of change in institutional distance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of corporate characteristics on voluntary disclosures of management discussion and analysis (MD&A) reports in India. Using a formal tone, the data was extracted from the annual reports of the top 100 listed firms available on the CMIE Prowess database for seven years (2016–2022). After excluding 23 companies from the financial and insurance sector, a panel regression method with the assistance of Gretl software was employed to investigate the relationship between the Management Discussion and Analysis Disclosure Index (MDADI) for voluntary aspects and various corporate attributes, with a total of 490 firm years of balanced observations. In India, firms follow the mandatory compliance of the MD&A reports, but voluntary disclosures are somehow those which are not much emphasized but are a good indication of firm performance and their accountability towards their stakeholders (Mayew et al., 2015). Our empirical findings reveal that profitability as a proxy to firm performance has a significant positive relationship with MD&A voluntary disclosures. Further, an insignificant association between VDS (Voluntary Disclosure Score) and the board size, presence of independent directors and firm size was found. This indicates that firm performance plays a significant role in adding more voluntary disclosures in MD&A reports. The possible reason for this could be the use of “Management Impression Strategy” in the MD&A reports, which means managers disclose more only when the firm has earned more and use impressive language to attract stakeholders. The outcomes of this research offer valuable insights for regulators, policymakers, and listed companies in India, aiding in the enhancement of MD&A reporting quality. Additionally, this study provides a roadmap for future research on MD&A reporting quality and corporate attributes in other emerging countries that have similar regulatory frameworks. This paper makes a timely and pertinent contribution to the scholarly discourse by shedding light on the relationship between MD&A disclosures and firm attributes. Its findings provide valuable insights for both academia and industry.

Purpose: This study examines the relationship between financial development, corruption, and entrepreneurship in a sample of 21 emerging economies from 2008 to 2020. Methodology: Utilizing the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) econometric approach, we explore the interactive dynamics between these variables. Results: Our findings indicate that higher levels of corruption are associated with increased entrepreneurial activity in these economies. This can be attributed to the prevalence of corrupt practices, such as bribery, which serve as a means for entrepreneurs to overcome barriers and initiate businesses. Conversely, while financial development has a positive influence on entrepreneurship, its impact is not statistically significant. However, when considering a combined effect of financial development and corruption, a positive net impact is observed. This suggests that corruption can facilitate access to financial resources for entrepreneurs in these emerging economies. These findings support the notion of the “grease the wheels effect”. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between financial accessibility, corruption, and entrepreneurship in emerging economies, informing policymakers and stakeholders on strategies to foster entrepreneurship and drive sustainable economic growth.

Globalization in Automobile industry is one of the significant discussions nowadays in emerging countries. Conventional car manufacturing in emerging countries has got a great share of global market for many years. Global environmental concerns, climate change due to negative effects of carbon emissions and greenhouse gases lead to increasing the importance of overview the non-renewable fuels consumption patterns to achieve sustainability. Consequently, most countries attempted to raise consciousness about the usage of Electric Vehicles (EVs). However, poor infrastructure technology and high cost of establishing charging stations make the industry capital-intensive. The governments set various strategies such as tax reduction and credit offerings. Moreover, investing in establishing production and manufacturing units causes opportunities to commence EVs productions in many emerging countries as a developed countries. The main aim of this paper is to explain the significance of EV production in emerging countries and review of validity of Environmental Kuznets Curve Model. In the second part, the emphasis is on describing the competitive advantage of Türkiye as an emerging country in EV market globally. Porter's Diamond model and the Country-of-Origin effect are the main discussed theories.