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1. The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package*

Author: Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Pey Lian Lim, Nicholas Earl, Nathaniel Starkman, Larry Bradley, David L. Shupe, Aarya A. Patil, Lia Corrales, C. E. Brasseur, Maximilian Nöthe, Axel Donath, Erik Tollerud, Brett M. Morris, Adam Ginsburg, Eero Vaher, Benjamin A. Weaver, James Tocknell, William Jamieson, Marten H. van Kerkwijk, Thomas P. Robitaille, Bruce Merry, Matteo Bachetti, H. Moritz Günther, Thomas L. Aldcroft, Jaime A. Alvarado-Montes, Anne M. Archibald, Attila Bódi, Shreyas Bapat, Geert Barentsen, Juanjo Bazán, Manish Biswas, Médéric Boquien, D. J. Burke, Daria Cara, Mihai Cara, Kyle E Conroy, Simon Conseil, Matthew W. Craig, Robert M. Cross, Kelle L. Cruz, Francesco D’Eugenio, Nadia Dencheva, Hadrien A. R. Devillepoix, Jörg P. Dietrich, Arthur Davis Eigenbrot, Thomas Erben, Leonardo Ferreira, Daniel Foreman-Mackey, Ryan Fox, Nabil Freij, Suyog Garg, Robel Geda, Lauren Glattly, Yash Gondhalekar, Karl D. Gordon, David Grant, Perry Greenfield, Austen M. Groener, Steve Guest, Sebastian Gurovich, Rasmus Handberg, Akeem Hart, Zac Hatfield-Dodds, Derek Homeier, Griffin Hosseinzadeh, Tim Jenness, Craig K. Jones, Prajwel Joseph, J. Bryce Kalmbach, Emir Karamehmetoglu, Mikołaj Kałuszyński, Michael S. P. Kelley, Nicholas Kern, Wolfgang E. Kerzendorf, Eric W. Koch, Shankar Kulumani, Antony Lee, Chun Ly, Zhiyuan Ma, Conor MacBride, Jakob M. Maljaars, Demitri Muna, N. A. Murphy, Henrik Norman, Richard O’Steen, Kyle A. Oman, Camilla Pacifici, Sergio Pascual, J. Pascual-Granado, Rohit R. Patil, Gabriel I Perren, Timothy E. Pickering, Tanuj Rastogi, Benjamin R. Roulston, Daniel F Ryan, Eli S. Rykoff, Jose Sabater, Parikshit Sakurikar, Jesús Salgado, Aniket Sanghi, Nicholas Saunders, Volodymyr Savchenko, Ludwig Schwardt, Michael Seifert-Eckert, Albert Y. Shih, Anany Shrey Jain, Gyanendra Shukla, Jonathan Sick, Chris Simpson, Sudheesh Singanamalla, Leo P. Singer, Jaladh Singhal, Manodeep Sinha, Brigitta M. Sipőcz, Lee R. Spitler, David Stansby, Ole Streicher, Jani Šumak, John D. Swinbank, Dan S. Taranu, Nikita Tewary, Grant R. Tremblay, Miguel de Val-Borro, Samuel J. Van Kooten, Zlatan Vasović, Shresth Verma, José Vinícius de Miranda Cardoso, Peter K. G. Williams, Tom J. Wilson, Benjamin Winkel, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Rui Xue, Peter Yoachim, Chen Zhang, and Andrea Zonca
Published: 2022
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2. The LSST DESC DC2 Simulated Sky Survey

Author: Bela Abolfathi, David Alonso, Robert Armstrong, Éric Aubourg, Humna Awan, Yadu N. Babuji, Franz Erik Bauer, Rachel Bean, George Beckett, Rahul Biswas, Joanne R. Bogart, Dominique Boutigny, Kyle Chard, James Chiang, Chuck F. Claver, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, Céline Combet, Andrew J. Connolly, Scott F. Daniel, Seth W. Digel, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Richard Dubois, Emmanuel Gangler, Eric Gawiser, Thomas Glanzman, Phillipe Gris, Salman Habib, Andrew P. Hearin, Katrin Heitmann, Fabio Hernandez, Renée Hložek, Joseph Hollowed, Mustapha Ishak, Željko Ivezić, Mike Jarvis, Saurabh W. Jha, Steven M. Kahn, J. Bryce Kalmbach, Heather M. Kelly, Eve Kovacs, Danila Korytov, K. Simon Krughoff, Craig S. Lage, François Lanusse, Patricia Larsen, Laurent Le Guillou, Nan Li, Emily Phillips Longley, Robert H. Lupton, Rachel Mandelbaum, Yao-Yuan Mao, Phil Marshall, Joshua E. Meyers, Marc Moniez, Christopher B. Morrison, Andrei Nomerotski, Paul O’Connor, HyeYun Park, Ji Won Park, Julien Peloton, Daniel Perrefort, James Perry, Stéphane Plaszczynski, Adrian Pope, Andrew Rasmussen, Kevin Reil, Aaron J. Roodman, Eli S. Rykoff, F. Javier Sánchez, Samuel J. Schmidt, Daniel Scolnic, Christopher W. Stubbs, J. Anthony Tyson, Thomas D. Uram, Antonio Villarreal, Christopher W. Walter, Matthew P. Wiesner, W. Michael Wood-Vasey, and Joe Zuntz
Published: 2021
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3. Dark energy survey year 3 results: weak lensing shape catalogue

Author: Peter Doel, Alexandra Amon, Joe Zuntz, Jack Elvin-Poole, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, V. Scarpine, J. Carretero, Tamara M. Davis, H. T. Diehl, David Bacon, Niall MacCrann, I. Tutusaus, Tesla E. Jeltema, A. Navarro-Alsina, J. De Vicente, D. W. Gerdes, J. Gschwend, Daniel Thomas, Gary Bernstein, Marcos Lima, E. M. Huff, M. Gatti, W. C. Wester, Josh Frieman, R. Chen, Michel Aguena, Samuel Hinton, G. Gutierrez, David J. Brooks, R. P. Rollins, Matthew R. Becker, J. Prat, Ami Choi, Ben Hoyle, S. Samuroff, F. Paz-Chinchón, Santiago Avila, Chihway Chang, Antonella Palmese, M. A. G. Maia, E. Bertin, M. E. C. Swanson, S. Serrano, S. Pandey, S. Desai, Michael Schubnell, J. McCullough, M. Costanzi, D. L. Burke, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Suchyta, W. G. Hartley, Carlos Solans Sanchez, Christopher J. Conselice, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Ramon Miquel, Eli S. Rykoff, Jochen Weller, F. J. Castander, Richard G. Kron, T. Shin, D. L. Hollowood, T. M. C. Abbott, Elisabeth Krause, C. Doux, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, A. A. Plazas, I. Ferrero, Matt J. Jarvis, K. Honscheid, S. Everett, L. F. Secco, M. Carrasco Kind, Martin Crocce, R. D. Wilkinson, Sunayana Bhargava, Risa H. Wechsler, J. Myles, David J. James, Jennifer L. Marshall, Agnès Ferté, Michael Troxel, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Soares-Santos, N. Kuropatkin, Alex Drlica-Wagner, K. D. Eckert, T. N. Varga, Dragan Huterer, L. N. da Costa, Bhuvnesh Jain, J. Annis, Douglas L. Tucker, Erin Sheldon, Robert Morgan, G. Tarle, Ian Harrison, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, A. Carnero Rosell, Gatti, M., Sheldon, E., Amon, A., Becker, M., Troxel, M., Choi, A., Doux, C., Maccrann, N., Navarro Alsina, A., Harrison, I., Gruen, D., Bernstein, G., Jarvis, M., Secco, L. F., Ferté, A., Shin, T., Mccullough, J., Rollins, R. P., Chen, R., Chang, C., Pandey, S., Tutusaus, I., Prat, J., Elvin-Poole, J., Sanchez, C., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Davis, T. M., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Huff, E. M., Huterer, D., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Krause, E., Kron, R., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Myles, J., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Rykoff, E. S., Samuroff, S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Wechsler, R. H., Weller, J., Wester, W., Wilkinson, R. D., National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and DES
Subjects: Effective Area, Point spread function, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, Techniques: image processing, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, surveys, weak [gravitational lensing], Gravitational lensing: weak, Methods: data analysis, 0103 physical sciences, data analysis [methods], survey, Spurious relationship, weak [ravitational lensing], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, catalogues, Weak gravitational lensing, media_common, Physics, Energy Surveys, Number density, image processing [techniques], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cosmology: observations, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Catalogues, Dark Energy, observations [cosmology], Galaxy, Weak Lensing, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, data analysi [methods], Dark energy, ravitational lensing: weak, Catalog, methods: data analysis, techniques: image processing, cosmology: observations, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology Observations, catalogue, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], observation [cosmology]
Abstract: Gatti, M., et al. (DES Collaboration), We present and characterize the galaxy shape catalogue from the first 3 yr of Dark Energy Survey (DES) observations, over an effective area of 4143 deg2 of the southern sky. We describe our data analysis process and our self-calibrating shear measurement pipeline metacalibration, which builds and improves upon the pipeline used in the DES Year 1 analysis in several aspects. The DES Year 3 weak-lensing shape catalogue consists of 100 204 026 galaxies, measured in the riz bands, resulting in a weighted source number density of neff = 5.59 gal arcmin-2 and corresponding shape noise σe = 0.261. We perform a battery of internal null tests on the catalogue, including tests on systematics related to the point spread function (PSF) modelling, spurious catalogue B-mode signals, catalogue contamination, and galaxy properties., Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSF’s NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grants AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA programme of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).
Published: 2021

4. Dark Energy Survey year 3 results: point spread function modelling

Author: Alex Drlica-Wagner, A. Hernandez, David J. James, Pablo Fosalba, Michael Schubnell, V. Scarpine, M. March, Sarah Bridle, Santiago Avila, Chihway Chang, A. Navarro-Alsina, S. Kent, S. Desai, R. D. Wilkinson, C. Davis, Samuel Hinton, Erin Sheldon, Josh Frieman, M. Costanzi, J. Meyers, G. Gutierrez, Gary Bernstein, Enrique Gaztanaga, B. Flaugher, Ofer Lahav, Ramon Miquel, Eli S. Rykoff, M. A. G. Maia, J. Carretero, G. Tarle, A. R. Walker, Ian Harrison, M. E. C. Swanson, P. F. Léget, S. Everett, S. Pandey, E. Suchyta, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, Peter Melchior, T. M. C. Abbott, Keith Bechtol, Juan Garcia-Bellido, J. De Vicente, N. Kuropatkin, D. L. Hollowood, M. Carrasco Kind, Michael Troxel, Daniel Gruen, M. Gatti, S. Serrano, A. Choi, W. C. Wester, A. Roodman, Matt J. Jarvis, E. J. Sanchez, David J. Brooks, T. N. Varga, K. Honscheid, Peter Doel, A. Carnero Rosell, R. L. C. Ogando, Joe Zuntz, H. T. Diehl, L. N. da Costa, Niall MacCrann, Alexandra Amon, Felipe Menanteau, D. W. Gerdes, A. A. Plazas, S. Vorperian, Kyler Kuehn, L. F. Secco, Sunayana Bhargava, Jennifer L. Marshall, K. Wei, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, R. Chen, Michel Aguena, F. Paz-Chinchón, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), DES, Jarvis, M., Bernstein, G. M., Amon, A., Davis, C., Léget, P. F., Bechtol, K., Harrison, I., Gatti, M., Roodman, A., Chang, C., Chen, R., Choi, A., Desai, S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Hernandez, A., Maccrann, N., Meyers, J., Navarro-Alsina, A., Pandey, S., Plazas, A. A., Secco, L. F., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M. A., Vorperian, S., Wei, K., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bhargava, S., Bridle, S. L., Brooks, D., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paz-Chinchón, F., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., and Wilkinson, R. D. (DES Collaboration)
Subjects: Point spread function, Systematic error, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Sextractor, FOS: Physical sciences, Image Processing [Techniques], Field of view, Surveys, Cosmology: Observations, 01 natural sciences, data analysi [software], Observations [Cosmology], Techniques: Image Processing, 0103 physical sciences, Range (statistics), survey, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 2mass, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Software: Data Analysis, Weak gravitational lensing, Physics, Gravitational Lensing: Weak, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mass, Catalogues, Software package, Galaxy, gravitational lensing: weak, techniques: image processing, catalogues, surveys, software: data analysis, cosmology: observations, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Weak [Gravitational Lensing], Dark energy, Data Analysis [Software], Catalog, catalogue, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Algorithm, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-DATA-AN]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability [physics.data-an], observation [cosmology]
Abstract: We introduce a new software package for modeling the point-spread function (PSF) of astronomical images, called Piff (PSFs In the Full FOV), which we apply to the first three years (known as Y3) of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) data. We describe the relevant details about the algorithms used by Piff to model the PSF, including how the PSF model varies across the field of view (FOV). Diagnostic results show that the systematic errors from the PSF modeling are very small over the range of scales that are important for the DES Y3 weak lensing analysis. In particular, the systematic errors from the PSF modeling are significantly smaller than the corresponding results from the DES year one (Y1) analysis. We also briefly describe some planned improvements to Piff that we expect to further reduce the modeling errors in future analyses., Comment: 19 pages, accepted/published by MNRAS. See https://www.darkenergysurvey.org/des-year-3-cosmology-results-papers/ for the full DES Y3 cosmology release
Published: 2020

5. Constraining radio mode feedback in galaxy clusters with the cluster radio AGNs properties to z ∼ 1

Author: Nikhel Gupta, Tesla E. Jeltema, X. Shao, C. Lidman, Santiago Avila, Vinu Vikram, Michael McDonald, E. Buckley-Geer, David J. Brooks, R. L. C. Ogando, Joseph J. Mohr, M. E. C. Swanson, D. L. Hollowood, V. Scarpine, Shantanu Desai, Maurilio Pannella, Peter Doel, S. Serrano, V. Strazzullo, I-Non Chiu, Matthias Klein, John P. Stott, Enrique Gaztanaga, Robert A. Gruendl, Michael Schubnell, Basilio X. Santiago, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Suchyta, Ramon Miquel, E. J. Sanchez, August E. Evrard, Marcos Lima, Rafe Schindler, J. Annis, Kyler Kuehn, Federico Bianchini, M. Costanzi, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, Christian L. Reichardt, David J. James, A. Saro, Antonella Palmese, A. A. Plazas, L. N. da Costa, M. Smith, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Daniel Gruen, M. A. G. Maia, S. Everett, F. Paz-Chinchón, J. de Vicente, Jennifer L. Marshall, Esra Bulbul, M. Carrasco Kind, Alfredo Zenteno, J. Carretero, Eli S. Rykoff, A. Carnero Rosell, K. Honscheid, Felipe Menanteau, Gupta, N., Pannella, M., Mohr, J. J., Klein, M., Rykoff, E. S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bianchini, F., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Bulbul, E., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Chiu, I., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kuehn, K., Lidman, C., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Mcdonald, M., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Reichardt, C. L., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Saro, A., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Shao, X., Smith, M., Stott, J. P., Strazzullo, V., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Vikram, V., and Zenteno, A.
Subjects: submillimeter: galaxies, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Active galactic nucleus, Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies [submillimeter], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, Intracluster medium, 0103 physical sciences, clusters: general [galaxies], 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Luminosity function (astronomy), Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, luminosity function, mass function [galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, galaxies: luminosity function, galaxies: clusters: general, mass function, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), active [galaxies], galaxies: luminosity function, mass function, High Energy Physics::Experiment, observation [cosmology], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We study the properties of the Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS) 843~MHz radio AGN population in galaxy clusters from two large catalogs created using the Dark Energy Survey (DES): $\sim$11,800 optically selected RM-Y3 and $\sim$1,000 X-ray selected MARD-Y3 clusters. We show that cluster radio loud AGN are highly concentrated around cluster centers to $z\sim1$. We measure the halo occupation number for cluster radio AGN above a threshold luminosity, finding that the number of radio AGN per cluster increases with cluster halo mass as $N\propto M^{1.2\pm0.1}$ ($N\propto M^{0.68\pm0.34}$) for the RM-Y3 (MARD-Y3) sample. Together, these results indicate that radio mode feedback is favoured in more massive galaxy clusters. Using optical counterparts for these sources, we demonstrate weak redshift evolution in the host broad band colors and the radio luminosity at fixed host galaxy stellar mass. We use the redshift evolution in radio luminosity to break the degeneracy between density and luminosity evolution scenarios in the redshift trend of the radio AGN luminosity function (LF). The LF exhibits a redshift trend of the form $(1+z)^\gamma$ in density and luminosity, respectively, of $\gamma_{\rm D}=3.0\pm0.4$ and $\gamma_{\rm P}=0.21\pm0.15$ in the RM-Y3 sample, and $\gamma_{\rm D}=2.6\pm0.7$ and $\gamma_{\rm P}=0.31\pm0.15$ in MARD-Y3. We discuss the physical drivers of radio mode feedback in cluster AGN, and we use the cluster radio galaxy LF to estimate the average radio-mode feedback energy as a function of cluster mass and redshift and compare it to the core ($, Comment: 20 pages, 15 figures Replaced with published version
Published: 2020

6. Evidence of Halo Assembly Bias in Massive Clusters

Author: Hironao Miyatake, Surhud More, Masahiro Takada, David N. Spergel, Rachel Mandelbaum, Eli S. Rykoff, and Eduardo Rozo
Published: 2016
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7. The LSST DESC DC2 Simulated Sky Survey

Author: Kevin Reil, Adrian Pope, Kyle Chard, Mustapha Ishak, D. Boutigny, Humna Awan, H. Kelly, Laurent Le Guillou, W. Michael Wood-Vasey, Eli S. Rykoff, Stéphane Plaszczynski, Rahul Biswas, Richard Dubois, Saurabh Jha, Danila Korytov, C. W. Walter, J. Anthony Tyson, Katrin Heitmann, T. Glanzman, Fabio Hernandez, François Lanusse, F. Javier Sánchez, Joe Zuntz, Željko Ivezić, Marc Moniez, Yadu Babuji, HyeYun Park, Christopher W. Stubbs, Franz E. Bauer, Phillipe Gris, Chuck Claver, Paul O'Connor, J. Meyers, Christopher B. Morrison, George Beckett, Joseph Hollowed, Seth Digel, Andrew Rasmussen, Céline Combet, Phil Marshall, Éric Aubourg, Rachel Mandelbaum, J. Perry, Mike Jarvis, Thomas D. Uram, K. Simon Krughoff, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, Scott F. Daniel, Yao-Yuan Mao, Matthew P. Wiesner, James Chiang, Bela Abolfathi, Daniel Scolnic, Craig S. Lage, Ji Won Park, Steven M. Kahn, Eric Gawiser, Antonio Villarreal, A. Roodman, E. Gangler, Nan Li, Rachel Bean, David Alonso, Emily Phillips Longley, Andrei Nomerotski, Andrew P. Hearin, Salman Habib, Daniel Perrefort, Andrew J. Connolly, J. Peloton, J. Bryce Kalmbach, Eve Kovacs, Patricia Larsen, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Renée Hložek, Robert Armstrong, J.R. Bogart, Samuel Schmidt, Robert H. Lupton, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 (CC-IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LSST Dark Energy Science, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Data products, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Image processing software, Sky surveys, 01 natural sciences, Field (computer science), Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, N-body simulations, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Deep drilling, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Remote sensing, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Testbed, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmology, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Simulated data, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We describe the simulated sky survey underlying the second data challenge (DC2) carried out in preparation for analysis of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) by the LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration (LSST DESC). Significant connections across multiple science domains will be a hallmark of LSST; the DC2 program represents a unique modeling effort that stresses this interconnectivity in a way that has not been attempted before. This effort encompasses a full end-to-end approach: starting from a large N-body simulation, through setting up LSST-like observations including realistic cadences, through image simulations, and finally processing with Rubin's LSST Science Pipelines. This last step ensures that we generate data products resembling those to be delivered by the Rubin Observatory as closely as is currently possible. The simulated DC2 sky survey covers six optical bands in a wide-fast-deep (WFD) area of approximately 300 deg^2 as well as a deep drilling field (DDF) of approximately 1 deg^2. We simulate 5 years of the planned 10-year survey. The DC2 sky survey has multiple purposes. First, the LSST DESC working groups can use the dataset to develop a range of DESC analysis pipelines to prepare for the advent of actual data. Second, it serves as a realistic testbed for the image processing software under development for LSST by the Rubin Observatory. In particular, simulated data provide a controlled way to investigate certain image-level systematic effects. Finally, the DC2 sky survey enables the exploration of new scientific ideas in both static and time-domain cosmology., 39 pages, 19 figures, version accepted for publication in ApJS
Published: 2021

8. The HST See Change Program. I. Survey Design, Pipeline, and Supernova Discoveries

Author: Risa H. Wechsler, Henk Hoekstra, Hans Böhringer, Zachary Raha, S. Dixon, Daniel Stern, Greg Aldering, X. Huang, J. Meyers, J. Nordin, Mark Brodwin, Susana E. Deustua, Rene Fassbender, E. Rozo, Dragan Huterer, Michael D. Gladders, Ravi Gupta, Rahman Amanullah, J. S. Santos, Mike Yen, Greta Chappell, Alex G. Kim, A. S. Fruchter, A. L. Spadafora, Tracy Webb, Isobel Hook, David Rubin, Hendrik Hildebrandt, Miles Currie, Eli S. Rykoff, Caroline Sofiatti, Brian Hayden, Ariel Goobar, Clare Saunders, Nao Suzuki, Steven Williams, Saul Perlmutter, Kyle Boone, Peter Eisenhardt, Chris Lidman, Anthony H. Gonzalez, Johan Richard, Parker Fagrelius, Kyle Luther, M. James Jee, Piero Rosati, Carlos Cunha, Adam Muzzin, Reynald Pain, A. Stanford, Kyle Barbary, Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente, Eric V. Linder, Gillian Wilson, Marek Kowalski, Gemini Observatory, National Science Foundation (US), National Research Council of Canada, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Argentina), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, European Southern Observatory, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), German Research Foundation, European Commission, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Supernova Cosmology Project, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Observational cosmology, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, NO, Photometry (optics), 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Type Ia supernovae, Type La Supernovae, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: 21 pags., 12 figs., 4 tabs., The See Change survey was designed to make z > 1 cosmological measurements by efficiently discovering high-redshift Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and improving cluster mass measurements through weak lensing. This survey observed twelve galaxy clusters with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) spanning the redshift range z = 1.13-1.75, discovering 57 likely transients and 27 likely SNe Ia at z ~ 0.8-2.3. As in similar previous surveys, this proved to be a highly efficient use of HST for supernova observations; the See Change survey additionally tested the feasibility of maintaining, or further increasing, the efficiency at yet higher redshifts, where we have less detailed information on the expected cluster masses and star formation rates. We find that the resulting number of SNe Ia per orbit is a factor of ~8 higher than for a field search, and 45% of our orbits contained an active SN Ia within 22 rest-frame days of peak, with one of the clusters by itself yielding 6 of the SNe Ia. We present the survey design, pipeline, and supernova discoveries. Novel features include fully blinded supernova searches, the first random forest candidate classifier for undersampled IR data (with a 50% detection threshold within 0.05 mag of human searchers), real-time forward-modeling photometry of candidates, and semi-automated photometric classifications and follow-up forecasts. We also describe the spectroscopic follow-up, instrumental in measuring host galaxy redshifts. The cosmology analysis of our sample will be presented in a companion paper. * Based on observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555, under programs 13677, 14327., Based in part on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Argentina), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). Based on observations collected at the Table 4. European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO program(s) 294.A-5025(A), 095.A-0830(A, B, C), 096.A-0926(B, C), 097.A-0442(A, B, C), and 0100.A-0851(A). G.W. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through grant AST-1517863, by HST program numbers GO-13677/14327.01 and GO-15294, and by grant No. 80NSSC17K0019 issued through the NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program (ADAP). G.A. and R.G. acknowledge support from HST program NASA HST-GO14163.002-A, and by grant No. NNH16AC25I issued through NASA ADAP. M. J. J. acknowledges support for the current research from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea under the programs 2017R1A2B2004644 and 2020R1A4A2002885. H. Hildebrandt is supported by a Heisenberg grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Hi 1495/5-1) as well as an ERC Consolidator Grant (No. 770935). Support for program numbers GO-13677/14327.01 and GO-15294 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This work was also partially supported by the Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy, under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Facilities: Hubble Space Telescope, Keck:I (LRIS), Keck:I (MOSFIRE), VLT, Gemini, GTC, Subaru. Software: astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2013), DrizzlePac (Gonzaga et al. 2012), iPython (Pérez & Granger 2007), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), Numpy (van der Walt et al. 2011), SEP (Barbary 2016), scikit-learn (Pedregosa et al. 2011), SciPy
Published: 2021

9. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Cluster Abundances, Weak Lensing, and Galaxy Correlations

Author: G. Gutierrez, David J. Brooks, Robert Morgan, Erin Sheldon, J. Prat, Joe Zuntz, S. Samuroff, Jack Elvin-Poole, Matthew R. Becker, M. Carrasco Kind, M. E. C. Swanson, Alex Drlica-Wagner, J. Carretero, Dragan Huterer, V. Scarpine, Ashley J. Ross, Tamara M. Davis, E. Bertin, Xiao Fang, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Basilio X. Santiago, T. N. Varga, M. Gatti, J. Annis, A. Carnero Rosell, Youngsoo Park, D. L. Burke, W. C. Wester, Robert A. Gruendl, R. Cawthon, Marcos Lima, I. Ferrero, Matt J. Jarvis, P. Vielzeuf, Yanxi Zhang, Tim Eifler, M. Costanzi, W. G. Hartley, Arya Farahi, Josh Frieman, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Eduardo Rozo, Oliver Friedrich, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, T. McClintock, J. Muir, N. Kuropatkin, J. DeRose, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Martin Crocce, R. D. Wilkinson, Ben Hoyle, Jochen Weller, L. N. da Costa, Tesla E. Jeltema, G. Tarle, Antonella Palmese, M. A. G. Maia, Michael Troxel, T. M. C. Abbott, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, J. Myles, David J. James, Enrique Gaztanaga, Jonathan Blazek, Christopher J. Conselice, Markus Rau, Sarah Bridle, Santiago Avila, Chihway Chang, P. Fosalba, Carlos Solans Sanchez, Michel Aguena, Sunayana Bhargava, A. K. Romer, S. Desai, B. Flaugher, Sebastian Bocquet, Daniel Thomas, H. T. Diehl, Ramon Miquel, D. L. Hollowood, Niall MacCrann, S. Serrano, C. Davis, M. Smith, A. A. Plazas, Gary Bernstein, Hao-Yi Wu, Daniel Gruen, A. Porredon, V. Miranda, Maria E. S. Pereira, Elisabeth Krause, S. Everett, F. Paz-Chinchón, Jennifer L. Marshall, Eli S. Rykoff, Risa H. Wechsler, Richard G. Kron, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, A. Choi, K. Honscheid, Alexandra Amon, Felipe Menanteau, Samuel Hinton, Department of Energy (US), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), German Research Foundation, European Commission, To, C., Krause, E., Rozo, E., Wu, H., Gruen, D., Wechsler, R. H., Eifler, T. F., Rykoff, E. S., Costanzi, M., Becker, M. R., Bernstein, G. M., Blazek, J., Bocquet, S., Bridle, S. L., Cawthon, R., Choi, A., Crocce, M., Davis, C., Derose, J., Drlica-Wagner, A., Elvin-Poole, J., Fang, X., Farahi, A., Friedrich, O., Gatti, M., Gaztanaga, E., Giannantonio, T., Hartley, W. G., Hoyle, B., Jarvis, M., Maccrann, N., Mcclintock, T., Miranda, V., Pereira, M. E. S., Park, Y., Porredon, A., Prat, J., Rau, M. M., Ross, A. J., Samuroff, S., Sánchez, C., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M. A., Varga, T. N., Vielzeuf, P., Zhang, Y., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Chang, C., Conselice, C., da Costa, L. N., Davis, T. M., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kron, R., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Muir, J., Myles, J., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Weller, J., Wester, W., Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica
Subjects: SDSS, Software_OPERATINGSYSTEMS, ComputingMethodologies_SIMULATIONANDMODELING, Cosmological parameters, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics, SPT, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, des, Gravitation and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Cosmology, scale, TRACER, evolution, 0103 physical sciences, Dark energy, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Dark matter, 010306 general physics, Cluster analysis, Scaling, Weak gravitational lensing, STFC, Physics, model, COSMIC cancer database, RCUK, Física, spt, Mass Calibration, ComputerSystemsOrganization_PROCESSORARCHITECTURES, Galaxy, Scale, red galaxies, 13. Climate action, Cosmic Shear, mass calibration, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], sdss, cosmic shear, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: To, C. et al. (DES Collaboration), We present the first joint analysis of cluster abundances and auto or cross-correlations of three cosmic tracer fields: galaxy density, weak gravitational lensing shear, and cluster density split by optical richness. From a joint analysis (4×2pt+N) of cluster abundances, three cluster cross-correlations, and the auto correlations of the galaxy density measured from the first year data of the Dark Energy Survey, we obtain ωm=0.305-0.038+0.055 and σ8=0.783-0.054+0.064. This result is consistent with constraints from the DES-Y1 galaxy clustering and weak lensing two-point correlation functions for the flat νΛCDM model. Consequently, we combine cluster abundances and all two-point correlations from across all three cosmic tracer fields (6×2pt+N) and find improved constraints on cosmological parameters as well as on the cluster observable-mass scaling relation. This analysis is an important advance in both optical cluster cosmology and multiprobe analyses of upcoming wide imaging surveys., This Letter has gone through internal review by the DES Collaboration. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy contract to SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under Contract No. DE-AC02- 76SF00515 (C. H., D. G., R. W.) including a Panofsky Fellowship awarded to D. G. E. K. is supported by the Department of Energy Grant No. DE-SC0020247. E. R. is supported by DOE Grants No. DE-SC0015975 and No. DE-SC0009913, and by NSF Grant No. 2009401. E. R. also acknowledges funding from the Cottrell Scholar program of the Research Corporation for Science Advancement. H. W. is supported by NSF Grant No. AST-1516997. Some of the computing for this project was performed on the Sherlock cluster at Stanford. We would like to thank KIPAC, Stanford University, and the Stanford Research Computing Center for providing computational resources and support that contributed to these research results. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the DOE and NSF(USA), MEC/MICINN/ MINECO(Spain), STFC(UK), HEFCE(UK). NCSA (UIUC), KICP(U. Chicago), CCAPP(Ohio State), MIFPA(Texas A&M), CNPQ, FAPERJ, FINEP (Brazil), DFG(Germany), and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne Lab, UC Santa Cruz, University of Cambridge, CIEMAT-Madrid, University of Chicago, University College London, DES-Brazil Consortium, University of Edinburgh, ETH Zürich, Fermilab, University of Illinois, ICE (IEEC-CSIC), IFAE Barcelona, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, LMU München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, University of Michigan, NFS’s NOIRLab, University of Nottingham, Ohio State University, University of Pennsylvania, University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Lab, Stanford University, University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSFs NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES Data Management System is supported by the NSF under Grants No. AST-1138766 and No. AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under Grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018- 102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. I. F. A. E. is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grant Agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq Grant No. 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
Published: 2021

10. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of >4000 Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Galaxy Clusters

Author: Eli S. Rykoff, Jo Dunkley, E. Bertin, Ofer Lahav, Nick Battaglia, M. Soares-Santos, Hironao Miyatake, Shannon M. Duff, R. D. Wilkinson, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, L. N. da Costa, Joel N. Ullom, Robert Morgan, D. L. Burke, Devin Crichton, Kavilan Moodley, Peter Doel, Alexandra Amon, Edward J. Wollack, N. C. Robertson, H. T. Diehl, Joseph E. Golec, Sunayana Bhargava, Samuel Hinton, Emmanuel Schaan, Enrique Gaztanaga, Megan Gralla, David N. Spergel, Johannes Hubmayr, Simon Dicker, David Bacon, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Simone Ferraro, C. Aros-Bunster, Felipe Menanteau, G. Gutierrez, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Daniel Thomas, Ramon Miquel, Michael D. Niemack, I. Ferrero, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, J. P. Dietrich, Niall MacCrann, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Tesla E. Jeltema, David J. James, Yanxi Zhang, A. K. Romer, Ben Hoyle, Hy Trac, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, J. Gschwend, A. A. Plazas, Brian J. Koopman, Rolando Dünner, Zhilei Xu, Simone Aiola, Behzad Ansarinejad, A. Choi, Jeff McMahon, Eduardo Rozo, Gary Bernstein, K. Honscheid, Michel Aguena, Tanay Bhandarkar, Dan Becker, C. Sifon, Neelima Sehgal, Bhuvnesh Jain, Laura Newburgh, Dongwon Han, F. Paz-Chinchón, J. R. Bond, Kyler Kuehn, Peter Melchior, M. Carrasco Kind, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Steve K. Choi, Suzanne T. Staggs, Paul Giles, R. L. C. Ogando, J. C. Hill, Federico Nati, M. E. C. Swanson, E. V. Denison, Kevin T. Crowley, Tony Mroczkowski, W. G. Hartley, Antonella Palmese, Martine Lokken, S. Kent, Alessandro Schillaci, Masamune Oguri, John P. Hughes, M. A. G. Maia, Maria Salatino, S. Amodeo, T. Shin, S. Adhikari, M. Hasselfield, M. Costanzi, S. I. Loubser, J. Van Lanen, B. Partridge, Sigurd Naess, Adam D. Hincks, J. A. Beall, B. Flaugher, S. M. Simon, Jason E. Austermann, S. P. Ho, John Orlowski-Scherer, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, J. Martin, D. W. Gerdes, J. Annis, Kenda Knowles, David J. Brooks, Erminia Calabrese, Emilie R. Storer, Gene C. Hilton, Leila R. Vale, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Phumlani Phakathi, Josh Frieman, Yen-Ting Lin, T. M. C. Abbott, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, J. Carretero, E. Suchyta, Matt Hilton, Christopher J. Conselice, Tobias A. Marriage, Sebastian Grandis, A. Carnero Rosell, Agnès Ferté, Anton T. Jaelani, Marcos Lima, S. Everett, S. Serrano, Lyman A. Page, J. De Vicente, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, G. Tarle, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Hilton, M, Sifon, C, Naess, S, Madhavacheril, M, Oguri, M, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Adhikari, S, Aguena, M, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Amodeo, S, Amon, A, Annis, J, Ansarinejad, B, Abbott, T, Aros-Bunster, C, Austermann, J, Avila, S, Bacon, D, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bernstein, G, Bertin, E, Bhandarkar, T, Bhargava, S, Bond, J, Brooks, D, Burke, D, Calabrese, E, Carrasco Kind, M, Carretero, J, Choi, S, Choi, A, Conselice, C, Da Costa, L, Costanzi, M, Crichton, D, Crowley, K, Dunner, R, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Dicker, S, Diehl, H, Dietrich, J, Doel, P, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Everett, S, Ferraro, S, Ferte, A, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Ferrero, I, Gallardo, P, Garcia-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Giles, P, Golec, J, Gralla, M, Grandis, S, Gruen, D, Gerdes, D, Gruendl, R, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Han, D, Hartley, W, Hasselfield, M, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hincks, A, Hinton, S, Ho, S, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Jaelani, A, Jain, B, James, D, Jeltema, T, Kent, S, Knowles, K, Koopman, B, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lin, Y, Lokken, M, Loubser, S, Maccrann, N, Maia, M, Marriage, T, Martin, J, Mcmahon, J, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Moodley, K, Morgan, R, Mroczkowski, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Nishizawa, A, Miyatake, H, Ogando, R, Orlowski-Scherer, J, Page, L, Palmese, A, Partridge, B, Paz-Chinchon, F, Phakathi, P, Plazas, A, Robertson, N, Romer, A, Carnero Rosell, A, Sanchez, E, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Serrano, S, Shin, T, Simon, S, Smith, M, Salatino, M, Soares-Santos, M, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, To, C, Trac, H, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, E, De Vicente, J, Wilkinson, R, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Zhan, Y, Hilton, M., Sifón, C., Naess, S., Madhavacheril, M., Oguri, M., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E., Abbott, T. M. C., Adhikari, S., Aguena, M., Aiola, S., Allam, S., Amodeo, S., Amon, A., Annis, J., Ansarinejad, B., Aros-Bunster, C., Austermann, J. E., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Battaglia, N., Beall, J. A., Becker, D. T., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bhandarkar, T., Bhargava, S., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Calabrese, E., Carretero, J., Choi, S. K., Choi, A., Conselice, C., da Costa, L. N., Costanzi, M., Crichton, D., Crowley, K. T., Dünner, R., Denison, E. V., Devlin, M. J., Dicker, S. R., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Duff, S. M., Duivenvoorden, A. J., Dunkley, J., Everett, S., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gallardo, P. A., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giles, P., Golec, J. E., Gralla, M. B., Grandis, S., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Han, D., Hartley, W. G., Hasselfield, M., Hill, J. C., Hilton, G. C., Hincks, A. D., Hinton, S. R., S-P. P., Ho, Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Hubmayr, J., Huffenberger, K. M., Hughes, J. P., Jaelani, A. T., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kent, S., Carrasco Kind, M., Knowles, K., Koopman, B. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lin, Y-T., Lokken, M., Loubser, S. I., Maccrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marriage, T. A., Martin, J., Mcmahon, J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Miyatake, H., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Mroczkowski, T., Nati, F., Newburgh, L. B., Niemack, M. D., Nishizawa, A. J., Ogando, R. L. C., Orlowski-Scherer, J., Page, L. A., Palmese, A., Partridge, B., Paz-Chinchón, F., Phakathi, P., Plazas, A. A., Robertson, N. C., Romer, A. K., Carnero Rosell, A., Salatino, M., Sanchez, E., Schaan, E., Schillaci, A., Sehgal, N., Serrano, S., Shin, T., Simon, S. M., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Spergel, D. N., Staggs, S. T., Storer, E. R., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Trac, H., Ullom, J. N., Vale, L. R., Van Lanen, J., Vavagiakis, E. M., De Vicente, J., Wilkinson, R. D., Wollack, E. J., Xu, Z., and Zhang, Y.
Subjects: Galaxy clusters, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Large-scale structure of the universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Intracluster medium, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmology, Galaxy clusters, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, AGLOMERADOS (GALÁXIA), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, XMM-newton Telescope, Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Atacama Cosmology Telescope
Abstract: Hilton, M., et al., We present a catalog of 4195 optically confirmed Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters detected with signal-to-noise ratio >4 in 13,211 deg of sky surveyed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Cluster candidates were selected by applying a multifrequency matched filter to 98 and 150 GHz maps constructed from ACT observations obtained from 2008 to 2018 and confirmed using deep, wide-area optical surveys. The clusters span the redshift range 0.04 < z < 1.91 (median z = 0.52). The catalog contains 222 z > 1 clusters, and a total of 868 systems are new discoveries. Assuming an SZ signal versus mass-scaling relation calibrated from X-ray observations, the sample has a 90% completeness mass limit of M > 3.8 × 10 M, evaluated at z = 0.5, for clusters detected at signal-to-noise ratio >5 in maps filtered at an angular scale of 2 4. The survey has a large overlap with deep optical weak-lensing surveys that are being used to calibrate the SZ signal mass-scaling relation, such as the Dark Energy Survey (4566 deg), the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (469 deg), and the Kilo Degree Survey (825 deg). We highlight some noteworthy objects in the sample, including potentially projected systems, clusters with strong lensing features, clusters with active central galaxies or star formation, and systems of multiple clusters that may be physically associated. The cluster catalog will be a useful resource for future cosmological analyses and studying the evolution of the intracluster medium and galaxies in massive clusters over the past 10 Gyr., The DES Data Management System is supported by the NSF under Grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Unionʼs Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).
Published: 2021

11. Clustering of CODEX clusters

Author: Eli S. Rykoff, Johan Comparat, J. Ider Chitham, C. C. Kirkpatrick, N. Padilla, V. Lindholm, S. Damsted, Chris A. Collins, Nicolas Clerc, Alexis Finoguenov, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Department of Physics, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), LARGE-SCALE BIAS, education, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Omega, Photometry (optics), 0103 physical sciences, ANISOTROPIES, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Sigma, MASS CALIBRATION, CONSTRAINTS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Redshift, COLD DARK-MATTER, MODEL, Correlation function (statistical mechanics), Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: clusters: general, cosmology: observations, DENSITY, Dark energy, SPIDERS SPECTROSCOPY, large-scale structure of Universe, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], GALAXY CLUSTERS, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, HALO CONCENTRATIONS
Abstract: Aims. We analyze the autocorrelation function of a large contiguous sample of galaxy clusters, the Constrain Dark Energy with X-ray (CODEX) sample, in which we take particular care of cluster definition. These clusters were X-ray selected using the RASS survey and then identified as galaxy clusters using the code redMaPPer run on the photometry of the SDSS. We develop methods for precisely accounting for the sample selection effects on the clustering and demonstrate their robustness using numerical simulations. Methods. Using the clean CODEX sample, which was obtained by applying a redshift-dependent richness selection, we computed the two-point autocorrelation function of galaxy clusters in the $0.1, Comment: 13 pages, 15 figures
Published: 2021

12. CODEX Weak Lensing Mass Catalogue and implications on the mass-richness relation

Author: Lance Miller, N Cibirka, J. Valiviita, L. van Waerbeke, P. Spinelli, Eduardo Rozo, Nicolas Clerc, J. Patrick Henry, R. A. Dupke, M. Costanzi, K. Kiiveri, Alexis Finoguenov, C. C. Kirkpatrick, Eduardo Serra Cypriano, Eli S. Rykoff, Jochen Weller, Ghassem Gozaliasl, Steffen Hagstotz, J. P. Kneib, Thomas Erben, Huanyuan Shan, Daniel Gruen, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsinki Institute of Physics, Department of Physics, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, Kiiveri, K., Gruen, D., Finoguenov, A., Erben, T., van Waerbeke, L., Rykoff, E., Miller, L., Hagstotz, S., Dupke, R., Henry, J. Patrick, Kneib, J. -P., Gozaliasl, G., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Cibirka, N., Clerc, N., Costanzi, M., Cypriano, E. S., Rozo, E., Shan, H., Spinelli, P., Valiviita, J., and Weller, J.
Subjects: COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Lambda, PROFILE, 01 natural sciences, 114 Physical sciences, gravitational lensing: weak, MAXBCG, weak [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE, clusters: general [galaxies], PROBE, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Galaxy cluster, LOCUSS, Physics, TEMPERATURE RELATION, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, observations [cosmology], Redshift, REDUCTION, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: clusters: general, cosmology: observations, GIANTS, GALAXY CLUSTERS, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The COnstrain Dark Energy with X-ray clusters (CODEX) sample contains the largest flux limited sample of X-ray clusters at $0.35 < z < 0.65$. It was selected from ROSAT data in the 10,000 square degrees of overlap with BOSS, mapping a total number of 2770 high-z galaxy clusters. We present here the full results of the CFHT CODEX program on cluster mass measurement, including a reanalysis of CFHTLS Wide data, with 25 individual lensing-constrained cluster masses. We employ $lensfit$ shape measurement and perform a conservative colour-space selection and weighting of background galaxies. Using the combination of shape noise and an analytic covariance for intrinsic variations of cluster profiles at fixed mass due to large scale structure, miscentring, and variations in concentration and ellipticity, we determine the likelihood of the observed shear signal as a function of true mass for each cluster. We combine 25 individual cluster mass likelihoods in a Bayesian hierarchical scheme with the inclusion of optical and X-ray selection functions to derive constraints on the slope $\alpha$, normalization $\beta$, and scatter $\sigma_{\ln \lambda | \mu}$ of our richness-mass scaling relation model in log-space: $\left = \alpha \mu + \beta$, with $\mu = \ln (M_{200c}/M_{\mathrm{piv}})$, and $M_{\mathrm{piv}} = 10^{14.81} M_{\odot}$. We find a slope $\alpha = 0.49^{+0.20}_{-0.15}$, normalization $ \exp(\beta) = 84.0^{+9.2}_{-14.8}$ and $\sigma_{\ln \lambda | \mu} = 0.17^{+0.13}_{-0.09}$ using CFHT richness estimates. In comparison to other weak lensing richness-mass relations, we find the normalization of the richness statistically agreeing with the normalization of other scaling relations from a broad redshift range ($0.0, Comment: 37 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2021

13. Synthetic Galaxy Clusters and Observations Based on Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Data

Author: Matthew R. Becker, I. Ferrero, Matt J. Jarvis, Yanxi Zhang, B. Flaugher, Scott Dodelson, A. Choi, Enrique Gaztanaga, M. March, M. Carrasco Kind, K. Honscheid, Maria E. S. Pereira, S. Desai, Brian Yanny, David J. Brooks, V. Scarpine, Eli S. Rykoff, Erin Sheldon, Robert Morgan, Joe Zuntz, Antonella Palmese, Sebastian Grandis, M. A. G. Maia, J. Annis, Samuel Hinton, K. Herner, J. Carretero, Alexandra Amon, Sunayana Bhargava, G. Gutierrez, I. Harrison, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, R. P. Rollins, E. Suchyta, A. A. Plazas, M. Soares-Santos, G. Tarle, Jochen Weller, J. Myles, N. Kuropatkin, Felipe Menanteau, Kyler Kuehn, K. D. Eckert, T. N. Varga, A. Carnero Rosell, L. N. da Costa, J. McCullough, J. De Vicente, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, M. Costanzi, F. Paz-Chinchón, Peter Melchior, Daniel Thomas, S. Everett, M. E. C. Swanson, Stella Seitz, A. K. Romer, Tesla E. Jeltema, W. G. Hartley, S. Serrano, Ramon Miquel, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Michael Troxel, Michel Aguena, Eduardo Rozo, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, H. T. Diehl, Niall MacCrann, E. Bertin, J. Gschwend, Gary Bernstein, Michael Schubnell, D. W. Gerdes, Varga, T N, Gruen, D, Seitz, S, Maccrann, N, Sheldon, E, Hartley, W G, Amon, A, Choi, A, Palmese, A, Zhang, Y, Becker, M R, Mccullough, J, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E S, To, C, Grandis, S, Bernstein, G M, Dodelson, S, Eckert, K, Everett, S, Gruendl, R A, Harrison, I, Herner, K, Rollins, R P, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Troxel, M A, Yanny, B, Zuntz, J, Diehl, H T, Jarvis, M, Aguena, M, Allam, S, Annis, J, Bertin, E, Bhargava, S, Brooks, D, Carnero&nbsp, Rosell, A, Carrasco&nbsp, Kind, M, Carretero, J, Costanzi, M, da&nbsp, Costa, L N, Pereira, M E S, De&nbsp, Vicente, J, Desai, S, Dietrich, J P, Ferrero, I, Flaugher, B, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, D W, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Hinton, S R, Honscheid, K, Jeltema, T, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Maia, M A G, March, M, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Morgan, R, Myles, J, Paz-Chinchón, F, Plazas, A A, Romer, A K, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schubnell, M, Serrano, S, Smith, M, Soares-Santos, M, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M E C, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, Weller, J, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and DES
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology: Observations, Observations [Cosmology], weak [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Photometric redshift, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational Lensing: Weak, Física, GALÁXIAS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, Galaxy, Distribution function, Space and Planetary Science, gravitational lensing: weak, galaxies: clusters: general, cosmology: observations, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Dark energy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Galaxies: Clusters: General, observation [cosmology]
Abstract: T. N. Varga et al., We develop a novel data-driven method for generating synthetic optical observations of galaxy clusters. In cluster weak lensing, the interplay between analysis choices and systematic effects related to source galaxy selection, shape measurement, and photometric redshift estimation can be best characterized in end-to-end tests going from mock observations to recovered cluster masses. To create such test scenarios, we measure and model the photometric properties of galaxy clusters and their sky environments from the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (DES Y3) data in two bins of cluster richness λ∈[30;45) ⁠, λ∈[45;60) and three bins in cluster redshift (⁠z∈[0.3;0.35) ⁠, z∈[0.45;0.5) and z∈[0.6;0.65) ⁠. Using deep-field imaging data, we extrapolate galaxy populations beyond the limiting magnitude of DES Y3 and calculate the properties of cluster member galaxies via statistical background subtraction. We construct mock galaxy clusters as random draws from a distribution function, and render mock clusters and line-of-sight catalogues into synthetic images in the same format as actual survey observations. Synthetic galaxy clusters are generated from real observational data, and thus are independent from the assumptions inherent to cosmological simulations. The recipe can be straightforwardly modified to incorporate extra information, and correct for survey incompleteness. New realizations of synthetic clusters can be created at minimal cost, which will allow future analyses to generate the large number of images needed to characterize systematic uncertainties in cluster mass measurements., This research was supported by the Excellence Cluster ORIGINS which is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strat- egy –EXC-2094-390783311. The calculations have been in part carried out on the computing facilities of the Computational Center for Particle and Astrophysics (C2PAP). This w ork w as supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and as part of the P anofsk y Fellowship awarded to DG. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomput- ing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Te xas A&M Univ ersity, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, the Institut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universit ¨at M ¨unchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. The DES data management system is supported by the Na- tional Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV -2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA programme of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020.
Published: 2021
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14. The mass and galaxy distribution around SZ-selected clusters

Author: Edward J. Wollack, S. Goldstein, Erin S. Sheldon, Jochen Weller, L. N. da Costa, J. Elvin-Poole, Suzanne T. Staggs, Simone Ferraro, Marco Raveri, Mark J. Devlin, J. P. Dietrich, Sahar S. Allam, T. N. Varga, David Brooks, S. Pandey, M. Lokken, Brian Yanny, Maria E. S. Pereira, A. Amsellem, J. DeRose, Maria Salatino, J. McCullough, M. E. C. Swanson, M. Costanzi, C. Doux, Chun-Hao To, Cristóbal Sifón, E. J. Sanchez, Joseph J. Mohr, I. Tutusaus, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Gary Bernstein, B. Partridge, John P. Hughes, Carlos Solans Sanchez, G. Tarle, Scott Dodelson, Chihway Chang, V. Scarpine, Keith Bechtol, Ian Harrison, Enrique Gaztanaga, B. Flaugher, Peter Doel, Nick Battaglia, Alex Drlica-Wagner, J. Myles, David J. James, N. P. Kuropatkin, H. T. Diehl, David Bacon, Kavilan Moodley, Niall MacCrann, T. M. C. Abbott, David H. Weinberg, Kyler Kuehn, M. Gatti, J. Prat, Adriano Pieres, Samuel Hinton, Bhuvnesh Jain, K. Eckert, J. De Vicente, T. Dacunha, Marcelle Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, E. J. Baxter, D. Gruen, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, Matt Hilton, M. Belyakov, Michael Troxel, J. C. Hill, F. Paz-Chinchón, A. Alarcon, Richard P. Rollins, Antonio Campos, Ramon Miquel, S. Desai, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Sebastian Bocquet, M. Smith, M. Aguena, A. K. Romer, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, L. A. Page, Emmanuel Bertin, Antonella Palmese, Andrés N. Salcedo, Jeff McMahon, Agnès Ferté, Blake D. Sherwin, M. A. G. Maia, D. W. Gerdes, Ofer Lahav, I. Ferrero, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Robert Morgan, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, Yanxi Zhang, A. A. Plazas Malagón, Andrey V. Kravtsov, S. Everett, Marco A. P. Lima, S. Adhikari, Patricio A. Gallardo, Matthew R. Becker, Basilio X. Santiago, D. L. Burke, J. Frieman, J. R. Bond, Robert A. Gruendl, M. Carrasco Kind, F. Andrade-Oliveira, Tesla E. Jeltema, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, M. Jarvis, R. Chen, Ami Choi, Elisabeth Krause, Peter Melchior, Eli S. Rykoff, Eve M. Vavagiakis, G. Gutierrez, A. Navarro-Alsina, Santiago Serrano, B. Yin, Alexandra Amon, Felipe Menanteau, James Annis, Brian J. Koopman, L. F. Secco, W. G. Hartley, Alessandro Schillaci, Devon L. Hollowood, T. Shin, University of Pennsylvania, University of Chicago, University of Hawaii, The Ohio State University, Cornell University, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Argonne National Laboratory, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), University of Portsmouth, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, University of Toronto, University College London, Carnegie Mellon University, Duke University, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Dpto. Astrofísica, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of Trieste, INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Observatório Nacional, IIT Hyderabad, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of Oslo, California Institute of Technology, Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), CSIC), University of Michigan, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Denys Wilkinson Building, University of Manchester, University of Geneva, Columbia University, Flatiron Institute, Westville Campus, University of Queensland, The State University of New Jersey, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Yale University, University of Arizona, Macquarie University, Lowell Observatory, Dunlap Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Cambridge, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Peyton Hall, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, University of Milano-Bicocca, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Princeton University, Haverford College, University of Sussex, UFRGS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, University of Southampton, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Shin, T, Jain, B, Adhikari, S, Baxter, E, Chang, C, Pandey, S, Salcedo, A, Weinberg, D, Amsellem, A, Battaglia, N, Belyakov, M, Dacunha, T, Goldstein, S, Kravtsov, A, Varga, T, Abbott, T, Aguena, M, Alarcon, A, Allam, S, Amon, A, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Annis, J, Bacon, D, Bechtol, K, Becker, M, Bernstein, G, Bertin, E, Bocquet, S, Bond, J, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, D, Campos, A, Carnero Rosell, A, Carrasco Kind, M, Carretero, J, Chen, R, Choi, A, Costanzi, M, da Costa, L, Derose, J, Desai, S, de Vicente, J, Devlin, M, Diehl, H, Dietrich, J, Dodelson, S, Doel, P, Doux, C, Drlica-Wagner, A, Eckert, K, Elvin-Poole, J, Everett, S, Ferraro, S, Ferrero, I, Ferte, A, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Gallardo, P, Gatti, M, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, D, Gruen, D, Gruendl, R, Gutierrez, G, Harrison, I, Hartley, W, Hill, J, Hilton, M, Hinton, S, Hollowood, D, Hughes, J, James, D, Jarvis, M, Jeltema, T, Koopman, B, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lokken, M, Maccrann, N, Madhavacheril, M, Maia, M, Mccullough, J, Mcmahon, J, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Mohr, J, Moodley, K, Morgan, R, Myles, J, Nati, F, Navarro-Alsina, A, Niemack, M, Ogando, R, Page, L, Palmese, A, Partridge, B, Paz-Chinchon, F, Pereira, M, Pieres, A, Plazas Malagon, A, Prat, J, Raveri, M, Rodriguez-Monroy, M, Rollins, R, Romer, A, Rykoff, E, Salatino, M, Sanchez, C, Sanchez, E, Santiago, B, Scarpine, V, Schillaci, A, Secco, L, Serrano, S, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Sheldon, E, Sherwin, B, Sifon, C, Smith, M, Soares-Santos, M, Staggs, S, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, To, C, Troxel, M, Tutusaus, I, Vavagiakis, E, Weller, J, Wollack, E, Yanny, B, Yin, B, Zhang, Y, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), Univ Penn, Univ Chicago, Univ Hawaii, Ohio State Univ, Cornell Univ, Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, NSFs Natl Opt Infrared Astron Res Lab, Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, Argonne Natl Lab, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Univ, Univ Portsmouth, Univ Wisconsin, Inst Astrophys Paris, Sorbonne Univ, Univ Toronto, UCL, Carnegie Mellon Univ, Duke Univ, Inst Astrofis Canarias, Univ La Laguna, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Univ Illinois, Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Univ Trieste, INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Inst Fundamental Phys Universe, Observ Nacl, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Univ Oslo, CALTECH, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya IEEC, CSIC, Univ Michigan, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Univ Oxford, Univ Manchester, Univ Geneva, Columbia Univ, Flatiron Inst, Univ KwaZulu Natal, Univ Queensland, Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Astrophys Harvard & Smithsonian, Yale Univ, Univ Arizona, Macquarie Univ, Lowell Observ, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Univ Cambridge, Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Princeton Univ, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Univ Milano Bicocca, Haverford Coll, Univ Sussex, Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Pontificia Univ Catolica Valparaiso, Univ Southampton, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, NASA, Shin, T., Jain, B., Adhikari, S., Baxter, E. J., Chang, C., Pandey, S., Salcedo, A., Weinberg, D. H., Amsellem, A., Battaglia, N., Belyakov, M., Dacunha, T., Goldstein, S., Kravtsov, A. V., Varga, T. N., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Alarcon, A., Allam, S., Amon, A., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Bacon, D., Bechtol, K., Becker, M. R., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bocquet, S., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Campos, A., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Chen, R., Choi, A., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Derose, J., Desai, S., de Vicente, J., Devlin, M. J., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Dodelson, S., Doel, P., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Ferte, A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gallardo, P. A., Gatti, M., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Harrison, I., Hartley, W. G., Hill, J. C., Hilton, M., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Hughes, J. P., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Jeltema, T., Koopman, B. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lokken, M., Maccrann, N., Madhavacheril, M. S., Maia, M. A. G., Mccullough, J., Mcmahon, J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Myles, J., Nati, F., Navarro-Alsina, A., Niemack, M. D., Ogando, R. L. C., Page, L. A., Palmese, A., Partridge, B., Paz-Chinchon, F., Pereira, M. E. S., Pieres, A., Plazas Malagon, A. A., Prat, J., Raveri, M., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Rollins, R. P., Romer, A. K., Rykoff, E. S., Salatino, M., Sanchez, C., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schillaci, A., Secco, L. F., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Sherwin, B. D., Sifon, C., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Staggs, S. T., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Troxel, M. A., Tutusaus, I., Vavagiakis, E. M., Weller, J., Wollack, E. J., Yanny, B., Yin, B., and Zhang, Y.
Subjects: Cold dark matter, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], Cosmology: observation, Cosmology, Galaxies clusters general, observations [Cosmology], Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cosmology observation, Physics, Cosmology: observations, Galaxies: evolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, evolution [Galaxies], Cosmology observations, Galaxies evolution, Galaxy, Redshift, Galaxies: clusters: general, Space and Planetary Science, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Dark energy, Halo, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Shin, T., et al., We present measurements of the radial profiles of the mass and galaxy number density around Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ)-selected clusters using both weak lensing and galaxy counts. The clusters are selected from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Data Release 5 and the galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 data set. With signal-to-noise ratio of 62 (45) for galaxy (weak lensing) profiles over scales of about 0.2–20 h Mpc, these are the highest precision measurements for SZ-selected clusters to date. Because SZ selection closely approximates mass selection, these measurements enable several tests of theoretical models of the mass and light distribution around clusters. Our main findings are: (1) The splashback feature is detected at a consistent location in both the mass and galaxy profiles and its location is consistent with predictions of cold dark matter N-body simulations. (2) The full mass profile is also consistent with the simulations. (3) The shapes of the galaxy and lensing profiles are remarkably similar for our sample over the entire range of scales, from well inside the cluster halo to the quasilinear regime. We measure the dependence of the profile shapes on the galaxy sample, redshift, and cluster mass. We extend the Diemer & Kravtsov model for the cluster profiles to the linear regime using perturbation theory and show that it provides a good match to the measured profiles. We also compare the measured profiles to predictions of the standard halo model and simulations that include hydrodynamics. Applications of these results to cluster mass estimation, cosmology, and astrophysics are discussed., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant no. 465376/2014-2).
Published: 2021

15. Spectroscopic Quantification of Projection Effects in the SDSS redMaPPer Galaxy Cluster Catalog

Author: Tesla E. Jeltema, Eduardo Rozo, E. R. Carrasco, M. Costanzi, J. Myles, J. DeRose, Daniel Gruen, Adam Mantz, Eli S. Rykoff, Richard G. Kron, Steven W. Allen, Chun-Hao To, R. G. Morris, A. Kremin, Risa H. Wechsler, Myles, J. T., Gruen, D., Mantz, A. B., Allen, S. W., Morris, R. G., Rykoff, E., Costanzi, M., To, C., Derose, J., Wechsler, R. H., Rozo, E., Jeltema, T., Carrasco, E. R., Kremin, A., and Kron, R.
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, clusters: general, galaxies: groups: general, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics [galaxies], Cosmology, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: groups: general, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Cluster sampling, Halo, galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: groups: general, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Projection (set theory), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Projection effects, whereby galaxies along the line-of-sight to a galaxy cluster are mistakenly associated with the cluster halo, present a significant challenge for optical cluster cosmology. We use statistically representative spectral coverage of luminous galaxies to investigate how projection effects impact the low-redshift limit of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) redMaPPer galaxy cluster catalogue. Spectroscopic redshifts enable us to differentiate true cluster members from false positives and determine the fraction of candidate cluster members viewed in projection. Our main results can be summarized as follows: first, we show that a simple double-Gaussian model can be used to describe the distribution of line-of-sight velocities in the redMaPPer sample; second, the incidence of projection effects is substantial, accounting for $\sim 16$ per cent of the weighted richness for the lowest richness objects; third, projection effects are a strong function of richness, with the contribution in the highest richness bin being several times smaller than for low-richness objects; fourth, our measurement has a similar amplitude to state-of-the-art models, but finds a steeper dependence of projection effects on richness than these models; and fifth, the slope of the observed velocity dispersion--richness relation, corrected for projection effects, implies an approximately linear relationship between the true, three-dimensional halo mass and three-dimensional richness. Our results provide a robust, empirical description of the impact of projection effects on the SDSS redMaPPer cluster sample and exemplify the synergies between optical imaging and spectroscopic data for studies of galaxy cluster astrophysics and cosmology., 12 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2021

16. SPIDERS: An Overview of The Largest Catalogue of Spectroscopically Confirmed X-ray Galaxy Clusters

Author: A. Gueguen, Donald P. Schneider, N. Padilla, Andrea Merloni, Chris A. Collins, Nicolas Clerc, K. Furnell, S. Damsted, A. Kukkola, Johan Comparat, C. C. Kirkpatrick, Eli S. Rykoff, J. Ider Chitham, G. Erfanianfar, R. Capasso, Joel R. Brownstein, Alexis Finoguenov, Gary A. Mamon, A. Saro, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics, and Helsinki Institute of Physics
Subjects: VELOCITY DISPERSIONS, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), DATA RELEASE, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, MASS, REDSHIFTS, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, SCALE, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, catalogues, QB, media_common, Physics, TEMPERATURE RELATION, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, X-ray, CONSTRAINTS, Sigma, Velocity dispersion, Astronomy and Astrophysics, PROFILES, 115 Astronomy, Space science, EVOLUTION, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, galaxies: clusters: general, cosmology: observations, ABUNDANCE, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Data release, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: SPIDERS is the spectroscopic follow-up effort of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) project for the identification of X-ray selected galaxy clusters. We present our catalogue of 2740 visually inspected galaxy clusters as a part of the SDSS Data Release 16 (DR16). Here we detail the target selection, our methods for validation of the candidate clusters, performance of the survey, the construction of the final sample, and a full description of what is found in the catalogue. Of the sample, the median number of members per cluster is approximately 10, with 818 having 15 or greater. We find that we are capable of validating over 99% of clusters when 5 redshifts are obtained below $z0.3$. We discuss the improvements of this catalogue's identification of cluster using 33,340 redshifts, with $\Delta z_{\rm{phot}} / \Delta z_{\rm{spec}} \sim 100$, over other photometric and spectroscopic surveys, as well as present an update to previous ($\sigma - L_{X}$) and ($\sigma - \lambda$) relations. Finally, we present our cosmological constraints derived using the velocity dispersion function., Comment: 16 pages, 14 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2021

17. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Curved-sky weak lensing mass map reconstruction

Author: Sunayana Bhargava, Jennifer L. Marshall, David J. Brooks, Carlos Solans Sanchez, G. Tarle, Samuel Hinton, G. Gutierrez, Alexandra Amon, Peter Doel, Ami Choi, Ben Hoyle, Marco Raveri, B. Flaugher, F. Andrade-Oliveira, Jochen Weller, R. P. Rollins, H. T. Diehl, D. L. Burke, Felipe Menanteau, Alex Drlica-Wagner, J. DeRose, F. J. Castander, David Bacon, E. Suchyta, Dragan Huterer, Christopher J. Conselice, Brian Yanny, Jack Elvin-Poole, U. Demirbozan, Maria E. S. Pereira, Niall MacCrann, Keith Bechtol, Erin Sheldon, Martin Crocce, V. Scarpine, T. M. C. Abbott, Peter Melchior, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Agnès Ferté, J. De Vicente, J. Cordero, P. F. Leget, A. Campos, Eli S. Rykoff, C. Doux, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, K. Herner, F. Paz-Chinchón, J. Carretero, Antonella Palmese, Marcos Lima, J. Myles, I. Harrison, G. Pollina, A. Roodman, David J. James, Tommaso Giannantonio, D. Zeurcher, M. A. G. Maia, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, Joe Zuntz, A. Alarcon, B. Yin, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, A. Kovács, Matthew R. Becker, Pablo Fosalba, B. Mawdsley, Ashley J. Ross, S. Pandey, J. Muir, Joseph J. Mohr, Michael Troxel, I. Ferrero, Matt J. Jarvis, A. Carnero Rosell, J. McCullough, P. Vielzeuf, Yanxi Zhang, Seshadri Nadathur, M. Carrasco Kind, M. March, S. Everett, M. Smith, M. Costanzi, Jean-Luc Starck, Daniel Gruen, I. Tutusaus, Francois Lanusse, Chihway Chang, Daniel Thomas, J. Prat, L. Whiteway, F. Elsner, S. Desai, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Soares-Santos, G. Giannini, W. G. Hartley, D. W. Gerdes, R. Cawthon, N. Kuropatkin, Ramon Miquel, K. D. Eckert, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, E. M. Huff, R. Chen, Michel Aguena, Enrique Gaztanaga, R. L. C. Ogando, Bhuvnesh Jain, M Gatti, Ofer Lahav, Niall Jeffrey, Robert Morgan, L. F. Secco, Nico Hamaus, A. A. Plazas, A. Navarro-Alsina, T. Shin, T. Kacprzak, C. Davis, J. Gschwend, Gary Bernstein, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), University of Portsmouth, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Département de Physique de l'ENS-PSL, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris (LPENS (UMR_8023)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Jeffrey, N., Gatti, M., Chang, C., Whiteway, L., Demirbozan, U., Kovacs, A., Pollina, G., Bacon, D., Hamaus, N., Kacprzak, T., Lahav, O., Lanusse, F., Mawdsley, B., Nadathur, S., Starck, J. L., Vielzeuf, P., Zeurcher, D., Alarcon, A., Amon, A., Bechtol, K., Bernstein, G. M., Campos, A., Rosell, A. C., Kind, M. C., Cawthon, R., Chen, R., Choi, A., Cordero, J., Davis, C., Derose, J., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Elsner, F., Elvin-Poole, J., Everett, S., Ferte, A., Giannini, G., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Harrison, I., Hartley, W. G., Herner, K., Huff, E. M., Huterer, D., Kuropatkin, N., Jarvis, M., Leget, P. F., Maccrann, N., Mccullough, J., Muir, J., Myles, J., Navarro-Alsina, A., Pandey, S., Prat, J., Raveri, M., Rollins, R. P., Ross, A. J., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, C., Secco, L. F., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Shin, T., Troxel, M. A., Tutusaus, I., Varga, T. N., Yanny, B., Yin, B., Zhang, Y., Zuntz, J., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Becker, M. R., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., Da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Hoyle, B., Jain, B., James, D. J., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Morgan, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Weller, J., Université de Paris, University College London, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, University of Pennsylvania, University of Chicago, Calle Viá Láctea, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, ETH Zurich, Argonne National Laboratory, Stanford University, University of Wisconsin-Madison, CarnegieMellon University, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Laboratorio Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia-LIneA, Dpto. Astrofisica, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Duke University, Ohio State University, University of Manchester, University of California,Berkeley, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Denys Wilkinson Building, University of Geneva, University of Michigan, University of Cambridge, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), CSIC), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, University of Edinburgh, NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Universidade de Saõ Paul, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Institut d'Astrophysique deParis, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, University of Sussex, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Trieste, INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Observatório Nacional, IIT Hyderabad, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, University of Oslo, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, University of Queensland, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, Texas A and M University, Princeton University, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, University of Southampton, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)
Subjects: statistical [Methods], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Gravitational lensing: weak, 0103 physical sciences, Prior probability, Maximum a posteriori estimation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Weak gravitational lensing, Methods: statistical, media_common, Physics, ST/M001334/1, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Celestial sphere, gravitational lensing: Weak, large-scale structure of Universe, methods: Statistical, ST/R000476/1, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], weak [Gravitational lensing], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Jeffrey, N., et al. DES Collaboration, We present reconstructed convergence maps, mass maps, from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) third year (Y3) weak gravitational lensing data set. The mass maps are weighted projections of the density field (primarily dark matter) in the foreground of the observed galaxies. We use four reconstruction methods, each is a maximum a posteriori estimate with a different model for the prior probability of the map: Kaiser–Squires, null B-mode prior, Gaussian prior, and a sparsity prior. All methods are implemented on the celestial sphere to accommodate the large sky coverage of the DES Y3 data. We compare the methods using realistic ΛCDM simulations with mock data that are closely matched to the DES Y3 data. We quantify the performance of the methods at the map level and then apply the reconstruction methods to the DES Y3 data, performing tests for systematic error effects. The maps are compared with optical foreground cosmic-web structures and are used to evaluate the lensing signal from cosmic-void profiles. The recovered dark matter map covers the largest sky fraction of any galaxy weak lensing map to date., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This paper has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. NJ has been supported by funding from l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris. OL and NJ acknowledge support from a European Research Council Advanced Grant TESTDE (FP7/291329) and STFC Consolidated Grants ST/M001334/1 and ST/R000476/1. AK has been supported by a Juan de la Cierva fellowship from MINECO with project number IJC2018-037730-I, and funding for this project was also available in part through SEV-2015-0548 and AYA2017-89891-P. Cosmic voids computational work has been performed on the UK SCIAMA High Performance Computing cluster supported by the ICG, SEPNet, and the University of Portsmouth.
Published: 2021

18. Cosmological constraints from CODEX galaxy clusters spectroscopically confirmed by SDSS-IV/SPIDERS DR16

Author: R. Capasso, Johan Comparat, Eli S. Rykoff, Esra Bulbul, C. C. Kirkpatrick, Kirpal Nandra, Nicolas Clerc, J. Ider Chitham, S. Damsted, Andrea Merloni, Donald P. Schneider, A. Kukkola, Joel R. Brownstein, Alexis Finoguenov, Department of Physics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oskar Klein Centre [Stockholm], Stockholm University, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), Stanford University, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics [PennState], Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: SAMPLE, Calibration (statistics), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, SCALING RELATIONS, 01 natural sciences, cosmological parameters -X-rays, MAXBCG, 0103 physical sciences, ROSAT, galaxies, INTRACLUSTER LIGHT, REDSHIFT 0.8, clusters, cosmological parameters, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Physics, CALIBRATION, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Halo mass function, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Sample (graphics), Space and Planetary Science, HALO MASS FUNCTION, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, Dark energy, DARK ENERGY, Baryon acoustic oscillations, cosmology, BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS
Abstract: This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society following peer review. The version of record Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 499, Issue 4, December 2020, Pages 4768–4784 is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3044; International audience; This paper presents a cosmological analysis based on the properties of X-ray selected clusters of galaxies from the CODEX survey which have been spectroscopically followed up within the SPIDERS programme as part of the sixteenth data release (DR16) of SDSS-IV. The cosmological sub-sample contains a total of 691 clusters over an area of 5350 deg2 with newly measured optical properties provided by a reanalysis of the CODEX source catalogue using redMaPPer and the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys (DR8). Optical richness is used as a proxy for the cluster mass, and the combination of X-ray, optical, and spectroscopic information ensures that only confirmed virialized systems are considered. Clusters are binned in observed redshift, z̃ ∈[0.1,0.6) and optical richness, λ̃ ∈[25,148) and the number of clusters in each bin is modelled as a function of cosmological and richness–mass scaling relation parameters. A high-purity sub-sample of 691 clusters is used in the analysis and best-fitting cosmological parameters are found to be Ωm0=0.34+0.09−0.05 and σ8=0.73+0.03−0.03⁠. The redshift evolution of the self-calibrated richness–mass relation is poorly constrained due to the systematic uncertainties associated with the X-ray component of the selection function (which assumes a fixed X-ray luminosity–mass relation with h = 0.7 and Ωm0=0.30⁠). Repeating the analysis with the assumption of no redshift evolution is found to improve the consistency between both cosmological and scaling relation parameters with respect to recent galaxy cluster analyses in the literature.
Published: 2020

19. The Diffuse Light Envelope of Luminous Red Galaxies

Author: Yanxi Zhang, Eli S. Rykoff, G. Gutierrez, Antonella Palmese, M. A. G. Maia, M. E. C. Swanson, B. Flaugher, J. Carretero, A. Carnero Rosell, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, Kyler Kuehn, M. Costanzi, Brian Yanny, A. K. Romer, K. Herner, J. Annis, A. Roodman, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, David J. James, N. Kuropatkin, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, Sunayana Bhargava, K. Honscheid, Marcos Lima, Michael Schubnell, H. Sampaio-Santos, S. Everett, V. Scarpine, R. L. C. Ogando, V. Strazzullo, S. Serrano, Ramon Miquel, J. Gschwend, A. A. Plazas, Josh Frieman, E. Suchyta, D. L. Burke, Peter Doel, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, H. T. Diehl, David J. Brooks, M. Carrasco Kind, Michel Aguena, T. F. Eifler, Enrique Gaztanaga, E. J. Sanchez, Santiago Avila, Y. Leung, S. Desai, F. Paz-Chinchón, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, A. G. Kim, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Leung, Y., Zhang, Y., Yanny, B., Herner, K., Annis, J., Palmese, A., Sampaio-Santos, H., Strazzullo, V., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kim, A. G., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., and Varga, T. N.
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, General Medicine, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Galaxy evolution, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, Diffuse reflection, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Sersic profile, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Envelope (waves)
Abstract: We use a stacking method to study the radial light profiles of luminous red galaxies (LRGs) at redshift ∼0.62 and ∼0.25, out to a radial range of 200 kpc. We do not find noticeable evolution of the profiles at the two redshifts. The LRG profiles appear to be well approximated by a single Sérsic profile, although some excess light can be seen outside 60 kpc. We quantify the excess light by measuring the integrated flux and find that the excess is about 10%—a non-dominant but still nonnegligible component.
Published: 2020

20. Observation and confirmation of nine strong-lensing systems in Dark Energy Survey Year 1 data

Author: M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, V. Scarpine, A. K. Romer, Felipe Menanteau, M. E. C. Swanson, Eli S. Rykoff, E. Suchyta, Enrique Gaztanaga, August E. Evrard, J. Carretero, Marco A. P. Lima, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Brian Nord, Michael Schubnell, Adriano Agnello, C. Davis, Keith Bechtol, Flavia Sobreira, Santiago Avila, M. Carrasco Kind, A. Carnero Rosell, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Carlos E. Cunha, Yanxi Zhang, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Tim Eifler, G. Gutierrez, G. Tarle, A. A. Plazas, N. Kuropatkin, Enrique Fernández, L. N. da Costa, Huan Lin, Josh Frieman, M. March, K. Honscheid, David J. James, David J. Brooks, R. H. Schindler, Pablo Fosalba, T. M. C. Abbott, D. L. Burke, Ofer Lahav, Peter Doel, E. J. Sanchez, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Marcelle Soares-Santos, H. T. Diehl, J. Annis, D. L. Hollowood, J. De Vicente, W. G. Hartley, Jennifer L. Marshall, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Adam Amara, Ramon Miquel, Thomas E. Collett, A. Roodman, B. Flaugher, Ben Hoyle, M. A. G. Maia, Peter Melchior, Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), University of Illinois, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University, Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), and German Research Foundation
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Higher education, Gravitational lensing: strong, DES [surveys], astro-ph.GA, Library science, Techniques: spectroscopic, FOS: Physical sciences, clusters [gravitational lensing], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, survey [gravitational lensing], Galaxies: individual, 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, European union, general [gravitational lenses], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, STFC, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, gravitational lensing individual, Alliance, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), strong [gravitational lensing], Fundamental physics, astro-ph.CO, Christian ministry, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: We describe the observation and confirmation of nine new strong gravitational lenses discovered in Year 1 data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We created candidate lists based on (i) galaxy group and cluster samples, and (ii) photometrically selected galaxy samples. We selected 46 candidates through visual inspection and then used the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS) at the Gemini South telescope to acquire a spectroscopic follow-up of 21 of these candidates. Through an analysis of these spectroscopic follow-up data, we confirmed nine new lensing systems and rejected two candidates, and the analysis was inconclusive on 10 candidates. For each of the confirmed systems, our report measured spectroscopic properties, estimated source image-lens separations, and estimated enclosed masses as well. The sources that we targeted have an i-band surface brightness range of i ∼ 22-24 mag arcsec and a spectroscopic redshift range of z ∼ 0.8−2.6. The lens galaxies have a photometric redshift range of z ∼ 0.3−0.7. The lensing systems range in source image-lens separation from 2 to 9 arcsec and in enclosed mass from 10 to 10 M, Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundac¸ão Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia, the Deutsche Forschungsge-meinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the DES. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number AST-1138766. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986, and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
Published: 2020

21. Detection of Cross-Correlation between Gravitational Lensing and γ Rays

Author: Michael Troxel, Shin'ichiro Ando, Matt J. Jarvis, E. Bertin, Tesla E. Jeltema, Yanxi Zhang, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Tim Eifler, A. Choi, N. Kuropatkin, K. Honscheid, F. J. Castander, Shantanu Desai, Nicolao Fornengo, Simone Ammazzalorso, M. Gatti, L. N. da Costa, M. A. G. Maia, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Enrique Gaztanaga, Ramon Miquel, Stefano Camera, Peter Melchior, Y. Omori, M. Smith, S. Samuroff, E. J. Sanchez, Carlos Solans Sanchez, Marco Regis, G. Gutierrez, Steve Kent, A. A. Plazas, Felipe Menanteau, Pablo Fosalba, Erin Sheldon, Antonella Palmese, D. H. Brooks, Keith Bechtol, D. L. Burke, M. E. C. Swanson, Tenglin Li, J. Carretero, Sarah Bridle, B. Flaugher, Gregory Tarle, Santiago Avila, Eli S. Rykoff, Daniel Thomas, D. W. Gerdes, Peter Doel, Robert A. Gruendl, V. Scarpine, H. T. Diehl, Joe Zuntz, Niall MacCrann, M. Carrasco Kind, A. Carnero Rosell, A. K. Romer, M. Costanzi, Vinu Vikram, Santiago Serrano, R. L. C. Ogando, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, David Goldstein, J. Annis, Jennifer L. Marshall, Ofer Lahav, E. Suchyta, David James, J. De Vicente, Flavia Sobreira, Marcos Lima, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, D. Gruen, D. L. Hollowood, S. Everett, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, GRAPPA (ITFA, IoP, FNWI), Ammazzalorso, S., Gruen, D., Regis, M., Camera, S., Ando, S., Fornengo, N., Bechtol, K., Bridle, S. L., Choi, A., Eifler, T. F., Gatti, M., Maccrann, N., Omori, Y., Samuroff, S., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M. A., Zuntz, J., Carrasco Kind, M., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Goldstein, D. A., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Jeltema, T., Kent, S., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., T. S., Li, Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, C., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Vikram, V., Zhang, Y., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, European Research Council, and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica
Subjects: Small Scale Effects, Software_OPERATINGSYSTEMS, Gamma-Ray Energy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), ComputingMethodologies_SIMULATIONANDMODELING, Astrophysical Sources, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Gravitation and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 01 natural sciences, Gamma Ray Sources, law.invention, Gravitation, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysic, Large Area Telescopes, 010306 general physics, Blazar, Cross Correlations, STFC, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, astro-ph.HE, Gravitational Lensing, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.CO, RCUK, Física, ComputerSystemsOrganization_PROCESSORARCHITECTURES, Gravitational lens, Dark energy, Weak Gravitational Lensing, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: DES Collaboration: et al., In recent years, many γ-ray sources have been identified, yet the unresolved component hosts valuable information on the faintest emission. In order to extract it, a cross-correlation with gravitational tracers of matter in the Universe has been shown to be a promising tool. We report here the first identification of a cross-correlation signal between γ rays and the distribution of mass in the Universe probed by weak gravitational lensing. We use data from the Dark Energy Survey Y1 weak lensing data and the Fermi Large Area Telescope 9-yr γ-ray data, obtaining a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.3. The signal is mostly localized at small angular scales and high γ-ray energies, with a hint of correlation at extended separation. Blazar emission is likely the origin of the small-scale effect. We investigate implications of the large-scale component in terms of astrophysical sources and particle dark matter emission., The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under Grants No. AYA2015-71825, No. ESP2015-66861, No. FPA2015-68048, No. SEV-2016-0588, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. I. F. A. E. is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grants No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478.
Published: 2020

22. CODEX clusters. The Survey, the Catalog, and Cosmology of the X-ray Luminosity Function

Author: Nicolas Clerc, J. Patrick Henry, L. van Waerbeke, Florian Kaefer, Eli S. Rykoff, M. Costanzi, K. Kiiveri, Alexis Finoguenov, R. A. Dupke, Eduardo Rozo, Johan Comparat, Steffen Hagstotz, S. Damsted, Jochen Weller, V. Lindholm, G. Erfanianfar, C. C. Kirkpatrick, R. Capasso, J. P. Kneib, J. Ider Chitham, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Finoguenov, A., Rykoff, E., Clerc, N., Costanzi, M., Hagstotz, S., Ider Chitham, J., Kiiveri, K., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Capasso, R., Comparat, J., Damsted, S., Dupke, R., Erfanianfar, G., Patrick Henry, J., Kaefer, F., Kneib, J. -P., Lindholm, V., Rozo, E., Van Waerbeke, L., and Weller, J.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, rosat, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Galaxy group, galaxies, 0103 physical sciences, ROSAT, Galaxy formation and evolution, spiders spectroscopy, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Luminosity function (astronomy), Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Redshift, sky survey, Space and Planetary Science, Catalogs, mass calibration, Catalog, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Large area catalogs of galaxy clusters constructed from ROSAT All Sky Survey provide the base for our knowledge on the population of clusters thanks to the long-term multiwavelength efforts on their follow-up. Advent of large area photometric surveys superseding in depth previous all-sky data allows us to revisit the construction of X-ray cluster catalogs, extending the study to lower cluster masses and to higher redshifts and to provide the modelling of the selection function. We perform a wavelet detection of X-ray sources and make extensive simulations of the detection of clusters in the RASS data. We assign an optical richness to each of the 24,788 detected X-ray sources in the 10,382 square degrees of SDSS BOSS area, using redMaPPer version 5.2. We name this survey COnstrain Dark Energy with X-ray (CODEX) clusters. We show that there is no obvious separation of sources on galaxy clusters and AGN, based on distribution of systems on their richness. This is a combination of increasing number of galaxy groups and their selection as identification of an X-ray sources either by chance or due to groups hosting an AGN. To clean the sample, we use a cut on the optical richness at the level corresponding to the 10\% completeness of the survey and include it into the modelling of cluster selection function. We present the X-ray catalog extending to a redshift of 0.6 down to X-ray fluxes of $10^{-13}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$. We provide the modelling of the sample selection and discuss the redshift evolution of the high end of the X-ray luminosity function (XLF). Our results on $z, Comment: 10 pages, 11 figures, A&A in press, part of SDSS DR16 data release
Published: 2020

23. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Covariance Modelling and its Impact on Parameter Estimation and Quality of Fit

Author: R. Buchs, Jochen Weller, Samuel Hinton, G. Tarle, Marco Raveri, G. Gutierrez, Ian Harrison, A. Troja, J. Prat, Alexandra Amon, Y. Omori, H. Camacho, Brian Yanny, V. Scarpine, J. McCullough, Josh Frieman, M. Smith, M. Costanzi, Bhuvnesh Jain, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Keith Bechtol, Daniel Gruen, David J. Brooks, M. Soares-Santos, Sunayana Bhargava, Ramon Miquel, Rogerio Rosenfeld, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Felipe Menanteau, Carlos Solans Sanchez, T. N. Varga, N. Weaverdyck, L. N. da Costa, M. Gatti, Ofer Lahav, Xiao Fang, A. Campos, J. DeRose, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, I. Ferrero, Matt J. Jarvis, J. Myles, David J. James, D. W. Gerdes, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, Elisabeth Krause, Pablo Fosalba, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Tim Eifler, H. T. Diehl, Robert Morgan, Javier Sanchez, Dragan Huterer, Eli S. Rykoff, Marcos Lima, J. Carretero, J. Cordero, Erin Sheldon, C. Doux, Chun-Hao To, V. Terra, E. J. Sanchez, S. Samuroff, David Bacon, F. Paz-Chinchón, Martin Crocce, O. Alves, A. Carnero Rosell, R. D. Wilkinson, Michael Troxel, L. F. Secco, S. Pandey, J. Muir, A. Choi, K. Honscheid, Jack Elvin-Poole, Kyler Kuehn, A. Alarcon, Niall MacCrann, A. A. Plazas, G. Giannini, C. Davis, S. Everett, Scott Dodelson, Santiago Avila, Chihway Chang, S. Desai, J. Gschwend, Antonella Palmese, Gary Bernstein, Maria E. S. Pereira, M. A. G. Maia, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, A. Porredon, E. Baxter, E. Bertin, W. G. Hartley, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Oliver Friedrich, M. Carrasco Kind, F. Andrade-Oliveira, Enrique Gaztanaga, R. Cawthon, Daniel Thomas, F. Elsner, J. De Vicente, Michel Aguena, D. L. Burke, Robert A. Gruendl, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), University of Cambridge, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, University of Michigan, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Arizona, California Institute of Technology, University of Chicago, Stanford University, University of Hawaii, Ohio State University, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), CSIC, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), University of Portsmouth, University of Sussex, Princeton University, University of Southampton, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Friedrich, O., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Camacho, H., Alves, O., Rosenfeld, R., Sanchez, J., Fang, X., Eifler, T. F., Krause, E., Chang, C., Omori, Y., Amon, A., Baxter, E., Elvin-Poole, J., Huterer, D., Porredon, A., Prat, J., Terra, V., Troja, A., Alarcon, A., Bechtol, K., Bernstein, G. M., Buchs, R., Campos, A., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Cawthon, R., Choi, A., Cordero, J., Crocce, M., Davis, C., Derose, J., Diehl, H. T., Dodelson, S., Doux, C., Drlica-Wagner, A., Elsner, F., Everett, S., Fosalba, P., Gatti, M., Giannini, G., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Harrison, I., Hartley, W. G., Jain, B., Jarvis, M., Maccrann, N., Mccullough, J., Muir, J., Myles, J., Pandey, S., Raveri, M., Roodman, A., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Rykoff, E. S., Samuroff, S., Sánchez, C., Secco, L. F., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Troxel, M. A., Weaverdyck, N., Yanny, B., Aguena, M., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Soares-Santos, M., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., Wilkinson, R. D., and Des, Collaboration
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Gaussian, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Applied mathematics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Equation of state (cosmology), Estimation theory, Covariance matrix, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Covariance, cosmology: observations, large-scale structure of Universe, observations [cosmology], Weighting, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, Dark energy, Trispectrum, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, observation [cosmology]
Abstract: Friedrich, O., et al. DES Collaboration, We describe and test the fiducial covariance matrix model for the combined two-point function analysis of the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (DES-Y3) data set. Using a variety of new ansatzes for covariance modelling and testing, we validate the assumptions and approximations of this model. These include the assumption of Gaussian likelihood, the trispectrum contribution to the covariance, the impact of evaluating the model at a wrong set of parameters, the impact of masking and survey geometry, deviations from Poissonian shot noise, galaxy weighting schemes, and other sub-dominant effects. We find that our covariance model is robust and that its approximations have little impact on goodness of fit and parameter estimation. The largest impact on best-fitting figure-of-merit arises from the so-called fsky approximation for dealing with finite survey area, which on average increases the χ2 between maximum posterior model and measurement by 3.7 per cent (Δχ2 ≈ 18.9). Standard methods to go beyond this approximation fail for DES-Y3, but we derive an approximate scheme to deal with these features. For parameter estimation, our ignorance of the exact parameters at which to evaluate our covariance model causes the dominant effect. We find that it increases the scatter of maximum posterior values for Ωm and σ8 by about 3 per cent and for the dark energy equation-of-state parameter by about 5 per cent⁠., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
Published: 2020
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24. The SPTpol Extended Cluster Survey

Author: Shahab Joudaki, M. Costanzi, Matt Dobbs, C. L. Chang, Carole Tucker, E. Bertin, Dale Li, Michael McDonald, A. E. Lowitz, T. M. Crawford, Mark Brodwin, W. B. Everett, A. Roodman, N. W. Halverson, J. Carretero, Santiago Serrano, G. Khullar, Elizabeth George, Adam Anderson, M. Smith, James A. Beall, C. Sievers, Nathan Whitehorn, Valentine Novosad, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Devon L. Hollowood, Volodymyr Yefremenko, C. Pryke, D. Gruen, Nesar Ramachandra, Gensheng Wang, Antonella Palmese, Steven W. Allen, John P. Nibarger, T. Veach, J. D. Hrubes, A. K. Romer, Ramon Miquel, H. T. Diehl, G. I. Noble, W. L. K. Wu, Niall MacCrann, Juan Garcia-Bellido, L. N. da Costa, Christian L. Reichardt, Federico Bianchini, B. Flaugher, Jason E. Austermann, A. A. Plazas, Jason Gallicchio, K. Honscheid, Santiago Avila, Joshua Montgomery, Amy N. Bender, N. L. Harrington, Robert A. Gruendl, Matthias Klein, A. T. Crites, Sebastian Bocquet, S. Patil, L. M. Mocanu, John E. Carlstrom, A. Carnero Rosell, Peter A. R. Ade, B. Stalder, Tesla E. Jeltema, T. de Haan, E. Buckley-Geer, K. K. Schaffer, K. T. Story, Jeff McMahon, J. Gschwend, Shantanu Desai, Benjamin Floyd, Keith Bechtol, Bradford Benson, Catherine Heymans, Jason W. Henning, Antony A. Stark, Joaquin Vieira, Graeme Smecher, Robert I. Citron, M. L. N. Ashby, Lloyd Knox, M. A. G. Maia, A. Saro, J. P. Dietrich, Chris Blake, T. Natoli, N. P. Kuropatkin, James Annis, J. T. Sayre, Michael D. Gladders, J. L. Marshall, C. Corbett Moran, Keith Vanderlinde, Joseph J. Mohr, Kent D. Irwin, W. L. Holzapfel, Jochen Weller, Jessica Avva, David Parkinson, Johannes Hubmayr, Stephen Padin, Joshua A. Frieman, Felipe Menanteau, Gregory Tarle, Tim Schrabback, Matthew B. Bayliss, Eli S. Rykoff, D. L. Burke, E. J. Sanchez, G. Gutierrez, Lindsey Bleem, N. Huang, A. Gilbert, H. C. Chiang, Yanxi Zhang, Tim Eifler, J. D. Remolina González, Benjamin Saliwanchik, F. Paz-Chinchón, Adrian T. Lee, D. W. Gerdes, D. H. Brooks, S. S. Meyer, G. P. Holder, Guillaume Mahler, M. Carrasco Kind, J. E. Ruhl, J. De Vicente, E. Suchyta, Nikhel Gupta, David James, C. Lidman, Keren Sharon, A. Nadolski, Peter Melchior, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SPT, DES, Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Stalder, B., Gladders, M. D., Ade, P. A. R., Allen, S. W., Anderson, A. J., Annis, J., Ashby, M. L. N., Austermann, J. E., Avila, S., Avva, J. S., Bayliss, M., Beall, J. A., Bechtol, K., Bender, A. N., Benson, B. A., Bertin, E., Bianchini, F., Blake, C., Brodwin, Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carlstrom, J. E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Chang, C. L., Chiang, H. C., Citron, R., Moran, C. Corbett, Costanzi, M., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., da Costa, L. N., de Haan, T., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Dobbs, M. A., Eifler, T. F., Everett, W., Flaugher, B., Floyd, B., Frieman, J., Gallicchio, J., García-Bellido, J., George, E. M., Gerdes, D. W., Gilbert, A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gupta, N., Gutierrez, G., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N., Henning, J. W., Heymans, C., Holder, G. P., Hollowood, D. L., Holzapfel, W. L., Honscheid, K., Hrubes, J. D., Huang, N., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K. D., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Joudaki, S., Khullar, G., Klein, M., Knox, L., Kuropatkin, N., Lee, A. T., Li, D., Lidman, C., Lowitz, A., Maccrann, N., Mahler, G., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Meyer, S. S., Miquel, R., Mocanu, L. M., Mohr, J. J., Montgomery, J., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J. P., Noble, G., Novosad, V., Padin, S., Palmese, A., Parkinson, D., Patil, S., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Pryke, C., Ramachandra, N. S., Reichardt, C. L., Remolina González, J. D., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Ruhl, J. E., Rykoff, E. S., Saliwanchik, B. R., Sanchez, E., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Schrabback, T., Serrano, S., Sharon, K., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., Vieira, J. D., Wang, G., Weller, J., Whitehorn, N., Wu, W. L. K., Yefremenko, V., Zhang, Y., National Science Foundation (US), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Department of Energy (US), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), University of Illinois, University of Chicago, Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional das Fundaçôes Estaduais de Amparo à Pesquisa (Brasil), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), German Research Foundation, Argonne National Laboratory (US), Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Fonds de Recherche du Québec, Max Planck Society, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, European Commission, Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (Germany), Australian Research Council, Australian Astronomical Observatory, California Institute of Technology, and Generalitat de Catalunya
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Strong gravitational lensing, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Galaxy, Cosmology, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, Large-scale structure of the universe, 0103 physical sciences, astro-ph.CO, Cluster (physics), Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Galaxy clusters, Cluster sampling, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Full author list: L. E. Bleem, S. Bocquet, B. Stalder, M. D. Gladders, P. A. R. Ade, S. W. Allen, A. J. Anderson, J. Annis, M. L. N. Ashby, J. E. Austermann, S. Avila, J. S. Avva, M. Bayliss, J. A. Beall, K. Bechtol, A. N. Bender, B. A. Benson, E. Bertin, F. Bianchini, C. Blake, M. Brodwin, D. Brooks, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, J. E. Carlstrom, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, C. L. Chang, H. C. Chiang, R. Citron, C. Corbett Moran, M. Costanzi, T. M. Crawford, A. T. Crites, L. N. da Costa, T. de Haan, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, J. P. Dietrich, M. A. Dobbs, T. F. Eifler, W. Everett, B. Flaugher, B. Floyd, J. Frieman, J. Gallicchio, J. García-Bellido, E. M. George, D. W. Gerdes, A. Gilbert, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, N. Gupta, G. Gutierrez, N. W. Halverson, N. Harrington, J. W. Henning, C. Heymans, G. P. Holder, D. L. Hollowood, W. L. Holzapfel, K. Honscheid, J. D. Hrubes, N. Huang, J. Hubmayr, K. D. Irwin, D. J. James, T. Jeltema, S. Joudaki, G. Khullar, M. Klein, L. Knox, N. Kuropatkin, A. T. Lee, D. Li, C. Lidman, A. Lowitz, N. MacCrann, G. Mahler, M. A. G. Maia, J. L. Marshall, M. McDonald, J. J. McMahon, P. Melchior, F. Menanteau, S. S. Meyer, R. Miquel, L. M. Mocanu, J. J. Mohr, J. Montgomery, A. Nadolski, T. Natoli, J. P. Nibarger, G. Noble, V. Novosad, S. Padin, A. Palmese, D. Parkinson, S. Patil, F. Paz-Chinchón, A. A. Plazas, C. Pryke, N. S. Ramachandra, C. L. Reichardt, J. D. Remolina González, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, J. E. Ruhl, E. S. Rykoff, B. R. Saliwanchik, E. Sanchez, A. Saro, J. T. Sayre, K. K. Schaffer, T. Schrabback, S. Serrano, K. Sharon, C. Sievers, G. Smecher, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, A. A. Stark, K. T. Story, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, C. Tucker, K. Vanderlinde, T. Veach, J. D. Vieira, G. Wang, J. Weller, N. Whitehorn, W. L. K. Wu, V. Yefremenko, and Y. Zhang, We describe the observations and resultant galaxy cluster catalog from the 2770 deg2 SPTpol Extended Cluster Survey (SPT-ECS). Clusters are identified via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect and confirmed with a combination of archival and targeted follow-up data, making particular use of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). With incomplete follow-up we have confirmed as clusters 244 of 266 candidates at a detection significance ξ ≥ 5 and an additional 204 systems at 4 < ξ < 5. The confirmed sample has a median mass of M500c ~ 4.4 ¿ 1014 M☉ h70 -1 and a median redshift of z = 0.49, and we have identified 44 strong gravitational lenses in the sample thus far. Radio data are used to characterize contamination to the SZ signal; the median contamination for confirmed clusters is predicted to be ∼1% of the SZ signal at the ξ > 4 threshold, and 10% of their measured SZ flux. We associate SZ-selected clusters, from both SPT-ECS and the SPT-SZ survey, with clusters from the DES redMaPPer sample, and we find an offset distribution between the SZ center and central galaxy in general agreement with previous work, though with a larger fraction of clusters with significant offsets. Adopting a fixed Planck-like cosmology, we measure the optical richness-SZ mass (l - M) relation and find it to be 28% shallower than that from a weak-lensing analysis of the DES data-a difference significant at the 4σ level-with the relations intersecting at λ = 60. The SPT-ECS cluster sample will be particularly useful for studying the evolution of massive clusters and, in combination with DES lensing observations and the SPT-SZ cluster sample, will be an important component of future cosmological analyses., This work was performed in the context of the South Pole Telescope scientific program. SPT is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant PLR-1248097. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GBMF 947 to the University of Chicago. This work is also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. PISCO observations are supported by NSF AST-1814719. Work at Argonne National Lab is supported by UChicago Argonne LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory, is operated under contract No. DE-AC02- 06CH11357. We also acknowledge support from the Argonne Center for Nanoscale Materials. M.G. and L.B. acknowledge partial support from HST-GO-15307.001. B.B. is supported by the Fermi Research Alliance LLC under contract No. De-AC02- 07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The CU Boulder group acknowledges support from NSF AST-0956135. The McGill authors acknowledge funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, and the Fonds de Recherche du Québec Nature et technologies. The UCLA authors acknowledge support from NSF AST-1716965 and CSSI-1835865. The Stanford/SLAC group acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. A.S. is supported by the ERC-StG “ClustersXCosmo” grant agreement 716762 and by the FARE-MIUR grant “ClustersXEuclid” R165SBKTMA. C.H. acknowledges support from the Max Planck Society and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, in the framework of the Max Planck-Humboldt Research Award endowed by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, in addition to support from the European Research Council under grant No. 647112. S.J. acknowledges support from the Beecroft Trust and ERC 693024. T.S. acknowledges support from the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi) provided through DLR under projects 50 OR 1610 and 50 OR 1803, as well as support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG, under project SCHR 1400/3-1. The Melbourne authors acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council’s Discovery Projects scheme (DP150103208). The 2dFLenS survey is based on data acquired through the Australian Astronomical Observatory, under program A/2014B/008. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at The Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo InterAmerican Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007- 2013), including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) and the PS1 public science archive have been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen’s University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation grant No. AST1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
Published: 2020

25. OzDES multi-object fibre spectroscopy for the Dark Energy Survey: Results and second data release

Author: Enrique Gaztanaga, C. Lidman, J. Carretero, Tim Eifler, B. E. Tucker, E. Swann, Tamara M. Davis, Lluís Galbany, Sara Webb, J. Gschwend, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Samuel Hinton, Eli S. Rykoff, J. K. Hoormann, Krzysztof Bolejko, W. G. Hartley, G. Gutierrez, M. E. C. Swanson, Mark Sullivan, Edward Macaulay, Anais Möller, Paul Martini, Michael Schubnell, A. Carnero Rosell, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Ryan J. Foley, R. D. Wilkinson, Peter Doel, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Daniel Scolnic, Andrew J. King, N. Kuropatkin, N. E. Sommer, Bonnie Zhang, Felipe Menanteau, M. Pursiainen, G. Tarle, Zhefu Yu, A. Kremin, Fang Yuan, V. Scarpine, Anthony Carr, M. Carrasco Kind, Sunayana Bhargava, David Parkinson, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, S. A. Uddin, A. R. Walker, Robert C. Nichol, A. Roodman, M. Childress, Daniela Carollo, M. Costanzi, K. Honscheid, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, D. Lagattuta, Antonella Palmese, Jennifer L. Marshall, J. De Vicente, Joshua A. Frieman, M. A. G. Maia, D. Mudd, W. C. Wester, Fiona H. Panther, U. Malik, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, Geraint F. Lewis, Peter Melchior, Richard Scalzo, J. Annis, Rob Sharp, M. Sako, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, P. Wiseman, S. Everett, David J. Brooks, Marcos Lima, E. Suchyta, A. A. Plazas, F. J. Castander, Jacobo Asorey, T. M. C. Abbott, D. J. Brout, Michel Aguena, Huan Lin, J. Calcino, David J. James, Pablo Fosalba, E. J. Sanchez, Karl Glazebrook, Ramon Miquel, F. Paz-Chinchón, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, Tenglin Li, Santiago Avila, A. G. Kim, Lidman, C., Tucker, B. E., Davis, T. M., Uddin, S. A., Asorey, J., Bolejko, K., Brout, D., Calcino, J., Carollo, D., Carr, A., Childress, M., Hoormann, J. K., Foley, R. J., Galbany, L., Glazebrook, K., Hinton, S. R., Kessler, R., Kim, A. G., King, A., Kremin, A., Kuehn, K., Lagattuta, D., Lewis, G. F., Macaulay, E., Malik, U., March, M., Martini, P., Moller, A., Mudd, D., Nichol, R. C., Panther, F., Parkinson, D., Pursiainen, M., Sako, M., Swann, E., Scalzo, R., Scolnic, D., Sharp, R., Smith, M., Sommer, N. E., Sullivan, M., Webb, S., Wiseman, P., Yu, Z., Yuan, F., Zhang, B., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuropatkin, N., T. S., Li, Lima, M., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., Wilkinson, R. D., Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), University of Illinois, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University, Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), German Research Foundation, European Commission, Australian Research Council, and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: transients: supernovae, Astrophysics, dark energy [cosmology], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, cosmology: dark energy, supermassive black hole [quasars], law, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, catalogues, Physics, quasars: supermassive black holes, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, GALÁXIAS, Supernova, spectroscopic [techniques], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, surveys, techniques: spectroscopic, catalogue, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Active galactic nucleus, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Telescope, supermassive black holessurveys [Quasars], 0103 physical sciences, survey, Spectrograph, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, STFC, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, supermassive black holes [quasars], RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Photometry (astronomy), 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Dark energy, Quasars: supermassive black holessurveys, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], supernovae [transients]
Abstract: We present a description of the Australian Dark Energy Survey (OzDES) and summarize the results from its 6 years of operations. Using the 2dF fibre positioner and AAOmega spectrograph on the 3.9-m Anglo-Australian Telescope, OzDES has monitored 771 active galactic nuclei, classified hundreds of supernovae, and obtained redshifts for thousands of galaxies that hosted a transient within the 10 deep fields of the Dark Energy Survey. We also present the second OzDES data release, containing the redshifts of almost 30 000 sources, some as faint as r = 24 mag, and 375 000 individual spectra. These data, in combination with the time-series photometry from the Dark Energy Survey, will be used to measure the expansion history of the Universe out to z ∼1.2 and the masses of hundreds of black holes out to z ∼4. OzDES is a template for future surveys that combine simultaneous monitoring of targets with wide-field imaging cameras and wide-field multi-object spectrographs., Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Fi-nanciadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundac¸ão Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemein-schaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the DES. LG was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 839090. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). Parts of this research were supported by the Australian Research Council under grants DP160100930, FL180100168, and FT140101270.
Published: 2020

26. First cosmology results using type Ia supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: the effect of host galaxy properties on supernova luminosity

Author: Geraint F. Lewis, C. Frohmaier, David J. Brooks, Samuel Hinton, G. Gutierrez, Sunayana Bhargava, Jennifer L. Marshall, Brad E. Tucker, Eli S. Rykoff, Michel Aguena, A. R. Walker, Josh Frieman, Mark Sullivan, B. Flaugher, Elisabeth Krause, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Pursiainen, G. Tarle, R. R. Gupta, Tim Eifler, D. L. Burke, David J. James, Lluís Galbany, M. E. C. Swanson, Michael Schubnell, Pablo Fosalba, E. Macaulay, R. C. Thomas, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, M. Carrasco Kind, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, J. De Vicente, Robert C. Nichol, Ramon Miquel, E. Suchyta, C. B. D'Andrea, K. Honscheid, Karl Glazebrook, Douglas L. Tucker, Antonella Palmese, N. Kuropatkin, Kyler Kuehn, M. A. G. Maia, Marcus Lima, P. Wiseman, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, Tamara M. Davis, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Daniela Carollo, Peter Melchior, Peter Nugent, Claudia P. Gutiérrez, Felipe Menanteau, Daniel Scolnic, M. Costanzi, A. Roodman, M. Vincenzi, Enrique Gaztanaga, Ryan J. Foley, V. Scarpine, S. Everett, M. Sako, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, A. A. Plazas, L. Kelsey, D. J. Brout, W. G. Hartley, N. E. Sommer, A. K. Romer, Paul Martini, F. Paz-Chinchón, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, Anais Möller, E. Bertin, Peter Doel, H. T. Diehl, Niall MacCrann, J. Gschwend, C. Lidman, E. Swann, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Santiago Avila, S. Desai, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Smith, M., Sullivan, M., Wiseman, P., Kessler, R., Scolnic, D., Brout, D., D'Andrea, C. B., Davis, T. M., Foley, R. J., Frohmaier, C., Galbany, L., Gupta, R. R., Gutiérrez, C. P., Hinton, S. R., Kelsey, L., Lidman, C., Macaulay, E., Möller, A., Nichol, R. C., Nugent, P., Palmese, A., Pursiainen, M., Sako, M., Swann, E., Thomas, R. C., Tucker, B. E., Vincenzi, M., Carollo, D., Lewis, G. F., Sommer, N. E., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Glazebrook, K., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maccrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Des, Collaboration, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)
Subjects: transients: supernovae, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, astro-ph.GA, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, distance scale, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Luminosity, surveys, supernovae: general, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Equation of state (cosmology), RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, supernovae [transients], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], general [supernovae], observation [cosmology], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present improved photometric measurements for the host galaxies of 206 spectroscopically confirmed type Ia supernovae discovered by the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN) and used in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. Fitting spectral energy distributions to the $griz$ photometric measurements of the DES-SN host galaxies, we derive stellar masses and star-formation rates. For the DES-SN sample, when considering a 5D ($z$, $x_1$, $c$, $\alpha$, $\beta$) bias correction, we find evidence of a Hubble residual `mass step', where SNe Ia in high mass galaxies ($>10^{10} \textrm{M}_{\odot}$) are intrinsically more luminous (after correction) than their low mass counterparts by $\gamma=0.040\pm0.019$mag. This value is larger by $0.031$mag than the value found in the first DES-SN cosmological analysis. This difference is due to a combination of updated photometric measurements and improved star formation histories and is not from host-galaxy misidentification. When using a 1D (redshift-only) bias correction the inferred mass step is larger, with $\gamma=0.066\pm0.020$mag. The 1D-5D $\gamma$ difference for DES-SN is $0.026\pm0.009$mag. We show that this difference is due to a strong correlation between host galaxy stellar mass and the $x_1$ component of the 5D distance-bias correction. To better understand this effect, we include an intrinsic correlation between light-curve width and stellar mass in simulated SN Ia samples. We show that a 5D fit recovers $\gamma$ with $-9$mmag bias compared to a $+2$mmag bias for a 1D fit. This difference can explain part of the discrepancy seen in the data. Improvements in modeling correlations between galaxy properties and SN is necessary to determine the implications for $\gamma$ and ensure unbiased precision estimates of the dark energy equation-of-state as we enter the era of LSST., Comment: 27 pages, 13 figures; Submitted to MNRAS
Published: 2020
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27. A joint SZ-X-ray-optical analysis of the dynamical state of 288 massive galaxy clusters

Author: Matthew B. Bayliss, Eli S. Rykoff, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, J. Gschwend, A. Roodman, A. Carnero Rosell, D. W. Gerdes, A. Katzenberger, M. E. C. Swanson, V. Scarpine, Sunayana Bhargava, Samuel Hinton, J. Carretero, G. Gutierrez, Matthias Klein, E. Suchyta, Felipe Menanteau, V. Ojeda, August E. Evrard, C. Vergara Cervantes, Marcos Lima, D. L. Burke, Michael Schubnell, Shantanu Desai, Peter Doel, Josh Frieman, A. A. Plazas, M. Carrasco Kind, Alistair R. Walker, Kyler Kuehn, H. T. Diehl, Marcelle Soares-Santos, F. Paz-Chinchón, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, D. Hernandez-Lang, R. Capasso, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Antonella Palmese, D. L. Hollowood, David J. James, K. Honscheid, R. D. Wilkinson, S. Serrano, Tesla E. Jeltema, M. A. G. Maia, Pablo Fosalba, T. N. Varga, David J. Brooks, W. G. Hartley, L. N. da Costa, R. L. C. Ogando, C. Lidman, J. De Vicente, Michel Aguena, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Joseph J. Mohr, B. Floyd, Peter Melchior, A. Saro, A. K. Romer, T. F. Eifler, F. J. Castander, V. Strazzullo, Ofer Lahav, E. J. Sanchez, Santiago Avila, Ramon Miquel, M. March, G. Tarle, Alfredo Zenteno, Juan Garcia-Bellido, B. Flaugher, E. Bertin, Mike McDonald, J. R. Gonzalez, M. Costanzi, Zenteno, A., Hernández-Lang, D., Klein, M., Vergara Cervantes, C., Hollowood, D. L., Bhargava, S., Palmese, A., Strazzullo, V., Romer, A. K., Mohr, J. J., Jeltema, T., Saro, A., Lidman, C., Gruen, D., Ojeda, V., Katzenberger, A., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bayliss, M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Capasso, R., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Floyd, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gonzalez, J. R., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Mcdonald, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Wilkinson, R. D., Des, Collaboration, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and DES
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: luminosity function, mass function, galaxies: clusters: general, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], Brightest cluster galaxy, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, evolution [galaxies], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, luminosity function, mass function [galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, galaxies: luminosity function, South Pole Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, mass function, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Cluster sampling, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We use imaging from the first three years of the Dark Energy Survey to characterize the dynamical state of 288 galaxy clusters at $0.1 \lesssim z \lesssim 0.9$ detected in the South Pole Telescope (SPT) Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect survey (SPT-SZ). We examine spatial offsets between the position of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) and the center of the gas distribution as traced by the SPT-SZ centroid and by the X-ray centroid/peak position from Chandra and XMM data. We show that the radial distribution of offsets provides no evidence that SPT SZ-selected cluster samples include a higher fraction of mergers than X-ray-selected cluster samples. We use the offsets to classify the dynamical state of the clusters, selecting the 43 most disturbed clusters, with half of those at $z \gtrsim 0.5$, a region seldom explored previously. We find that Schechter function fits to the galaxy population in disturbed clusters and relaxed clusters differ at $z>0.55$ but not at lower redshifts. Disturbed clusters at $z>0.55$ have steeper faint-end slopes and brighter characteristic magnitudes. Within the same redshift range, we find that the BCGs in relaxed clusters tend to be brighter than the BCGs in disturbed samples, while in agreement in the lower redshift bin. Possible explanations includes a higher merger rate, and a more efficient dynamical friction at high redshift. The red-sequence population is less affected by the cluster dynamical state than the general galaxy population., 21 pages, 12 Figures, 4 Tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2020

28. Trans-Neptunian Objects Found in the First Four Years of the Dark Energy Survey

Author: B. Flaugher, A. R. Walker, M. Carrasco Kind, Gary Bernstein, N. P. Kuropatkin, F. Paz-Chinchón, Carlos Solans Sanchez, Pedro H. Bernardinelli, Eli S. Rykoff, D. L. Burke, David James, Matthew Belyakov, William Wester, Larissa Markwardt, Hsing Wen Lin, Aditya Inada Somasundaram, P. Doel, A. K. Romer, Kyle Franson, Kevin Napier, J. De Vicente, M. Smith, Robert A. Gruendl, Juliette C. Becker, E. Suchyta, Tali Khain, M. E. C. Swanson, D. Gruen, Tongtian Liu, L. N. da Costa, T. M. C. Abbott, G. Gutierrez, V. Scarpine, Fred C. Adams, Ramon Miquel, William R. Saunders, D. W. Gerdes, H. T. Diehl, S. Desai, A. A. Plazas, Flavia Sobreira, Jennifer Locke, G. Tarle, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Lakshay Sharma, M. W. G. Johnson, Santiago Avila, Elisabeth Krause, S. Everett, Francisco J. Castander, M. March, James Annis, Masao Sako, J. Gschwend, Devon L. Hollowood, E. J. Sanchez, D. Brooks, A. Carnero Rosell, M. A. G. Maia, Michael D. Johnson, D. J. Brout, Yanxi Zhang, Santiago Serrano, Juan Garcia-Bellido, National Science Foundation (US), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Department of Energy (US), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), University of Illinois, University of Chicago, Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional das Fundaçôes Estaduais de Amparo à Pesquisa (Brasil), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), German Research Foundation, University of Pennsylvania, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, and Australian Research Council
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Trans-Neptunian objects, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Orbit determination, 0103 physical sciences, Trans-Neptunian object, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Transient detection, Orbit, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Magnitude (astronomy), Dark energy, Astronomy data analysis, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a catalog of 316 trans-Neptunian bodies (TNOs) detected from the first four seasons ("Y4"data) of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The survey covers a contiguous 5000 deg2 of the southern sky in the grizY optical/NIR filter set, with a typical TNO in this part of the sky being targeted by 25-30 Y4 exposures. This paper focuses on the methods used to detect these objects from the ≈60,000 Y4 exposures, a process made challenging by the absence of the few-hour repeat observations employed by TNO-optimized surveys. Newly developed techniques include: transient/moving object detection by comparison of single-epoch catalogs to catalogs of "stacked"images; quantified astrometric error from atmospheric turbulence; new software for detecting TNO linkages in a temporally sparse transient catalog, and for estimating the rate of spurious linkages; use of faint stars to determine the detection efficiency versus magnitude in all exposures. Final validation of the reality of linked orbits uses a new "sub-threshold confirmation"test, wherein we demand the object be detectable in a stack of the exposures in which the orbit indicates an object should be present, but was not individually detected. This catalog contains all validated TNOs which were detected on ≥6 unique nights in the Y4 data, and is complete to r ≲ 23.3 mag with virtually no dependence on orbital properties for bound TNOs at distance 30 au < d < 2500 au. The catalog includes 245 discoveries by DES, 139 not previously published. The final DES TNO catalog is expected to yield >0.3 mag more depth, and arcs of >4 yr for nearly all detections., University of Pennsylvania authors have been supported in this work by grants AST-1515804 and AST-1615555 from the National Science Foundation, and grant DE-SC0007901 from the Department of Energy. Work at University of Michigan is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX17AF21G issued through the SSO Planetary Astronomy Program and NSF Graduate Research Fellowship grant No. DGE 1256260. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo InterAmerican Observatory, National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007- 2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020, and the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This research has made use of data and/or services provided by the International Astronomical Union’s Minor Planet Center (MPC). The authors thank Gareth Williams for assistance in the MPC object submission process.
Published: 2020

29. Combination of cluster number counts and two-point correlations: Validation on Mock Dark Energy Survey

Author: Eli S. Rykoff, N. Kokron, Eduardo Rozo, Risa H. Wechsler, Hao-Yi Wu, J. DeRose, Chun-Hao To, M. Costanzi, Elisabeth Krause, Maria E. S. Pereira, Tim Eifler, Daniel Gruen, Matthew R. Becker, To, C., Krause, E., Rozo, E., Wu, H., Gruen, D., Derose, J., Rykoff, E. S., Wechsler, R. H., Becker, M. R., Costanzi, M., Eifler, T., Pereira, M. E. S., and Kokron, N.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Calibration (statistics), Posterior probability, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, cosmology: theory, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Statistical physics, cosmological parameters, Cluster analysis, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, theory [cosmology], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Covariance matrix, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Determining the number of clusters in a data set, large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, cosmological parameter
Abstract: We present a method of combining cluster abundances and large-scale two-point correlations, namely galaxy clustering, galaxy--cluster cross-correlations, cluster auto-correlations, and cluster lensing. This data vector yields comparable cosmological constraints to traditional analyses that rely on small-scale cluster lensing for mass calibration. We use cosmological survey simulations designed to resemble the Dark Energy Survey Year One (DES-Y1) data to validate the analytical covariance matrix and the parameter inferences. The posterior distribution from the analysis of simulations is statistically consistent with the absence of systematic biases detectable at the precision of the DES Y1 experiment. We compare the $\chi^2$ values in simulations to their expectation and find no significant difference. The robustness of our results against a variety of systematic effects is verified using a simulated likelihood analysis of a Dark Energy Survey Year 1-like data vectors. This work presents the first-ever end-to-end validation of a cluster abundance cosmological analysis on galaxy catalog-level simulations., Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. MNRAS accepted
Published: 2020
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30. The impact of spectroscopic incompleteness in direct calibration of redshift distributions for weak lensing surveys

Author: Marcos Lima, J. Gschwend, J. DeRose, E. Suchyta, Gary Bernstein, Peter Melchior, R. Cawthon, D. L. Burke, A. Roodman, Felipe Menanteau, Michael Schubnell, David J. James, Joshua A. Frieman, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Antonella Palmese, R. Miquel, S. Samani, Ofer Lahav, Pablo Fosalba, M. A. G. Maia, W. G. Hartley, M. Smith, J. Carretero, D. L. Hollowood, N. Kuropatkin, David J. Brooks, T. N. Varga, Tamara M. Davis, Jochen Weller, Samuel Hinton, F. J. Castander, Eli S. Rykoff, Risa H. Wechsler, M. Carrasco Kind, Daniel Gruen, L. N. da Costa, Jacobo Asorey, H. T. Diehl, J. Annis, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, S. Serrano, A. Carnero Rosell, R. L. C. Ogando, Elisabeth Krause, T. M. C. Abbott, V. Scarpine, Markus Rau, K. Honscheid, E. Bertin, E. J. Sanchez, Jennifer L. Marshall, A. L. King, Enrique Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, Ben Hoyle, C. Lidman, Michel Aguena, S. Kent, A. A. Plazas, F. Paz-Chinchón, Sarah Bridle, Santiago Avila, L. Whiteway, Chihway Chang, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, S. Desai, G. Tarle, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Michael Troxel, M. Costanzi, B. Flaugher, R. D. Wilkinson, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, European Research Council, Generalitat de Catalunya, Hartley, W. G., Chang, C., Samani, S., Carnero Rosell, A., Davis, T. M., Hoyle, B., Gruen, D., Asorey, J., Gschwend, J., Lidman, C., Kuehn, K., King, A., Rau, M. M., Wechsler, R. H., Derose, J., Hinton, S. R., Whiteway, L., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bridle, S. L., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Krause, E., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., Wilkinson, R. D., and Des, Collaboration
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Software_OPERATINGSYSTEMS, ComputingMethodologies_SIMULATIONANDMODELING, media_common.quotation_subject, Large-scale structure of universe, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, distance scale, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Photometry (optics), gravitational lensing: weak, statistics [Galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxie, 0103 physical sciences, distances and redshifts [Galaxies], Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, distances and redshift [galaxies], statistic [galaxies], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, galaxies: statistics, media_common, Selection bias, Physics, galaxies: distances and redshifts, large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, ComputerSystemsOrganization_PROCESSORARCHITECTURES, Galaxy, Redshift, Weighting, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Dark energy, weak [Gravitational lensing], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: DES Collaboration: et al., Obtaining accurate distributions of galaxy redshifts is a critical aspect of weak lensing cosmology experiments. One of the methods used to estimate and validate redshift distributions is to apply weights to a spectroscopic sample, so that their weighted photometry distribution matches the target sample. In this work, we estimate the selection bias in redshift that is introduced in this procedure. We do so by simulating the process of assembling a spectroscopic sample (including observer-assigned confidence flags) and highlight the impacts of spectroscopic target selection and redshift failures. We use the first year (Y1) weak lensing analysis in Dark Energy Survey (DES) as an example data set but the implications generalize to all similar weak lensing surveys. We find that using colour cuts that are not available to the weak lensing galaxies can introduce biases of up to Δz ∼ 0.04 in the weighted mean redshift of different redshift intervals (Δz ∼ 0.015 in the case most relevant to DES). To assess the impact of incompleteness in spectroscopic samples, we select only objects with high observer-defined confidence flags and compare the weighted mean redshift with the true mean. We find that the mean redshift of the DES Y1 weak lensing sample is typically biased at the Δz = 0.005−0.05 level after the weighting is applied. The bias we uncover can have either sign, depending on the samples and redshift interval considered. For the highest redshift bin, the bias is larger than the uncertainties in the other DES Y1 redshift calibration methods, justifying the decision of not using this method for the redshift estimations. We discuss several methods to mitigate this bias., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grants AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).
Published: 2020

31. Dark energy survey year 1 results: Cosmological constraints from cluster abundances and weak lensing

Author: Alex Drlica-Wagner, Dragan Huterer, J. Annis, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Daniel Scolnic, N. Kuropatkin, Tesla E. Jeltema, F. Paz-Chinchón, K. D. Eckert, T. N. Varga, Brian Nord, Adam Mantz, L. N. da Costa, M. Costanzi, M. A. G. Maia, Michel Aguena, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Brian Yanny, Shantanu Desai, A. Alarcon, M. W. G. Johnson, A. K. Romer, J. Carretero, Paul Martini, V. Scarpine, I. Ferrero, Matt J. Jarvis, Tamara M. Davis, Yanxi Zhang, Tim Eifler, Arya Farahi, David James, Z. Zhang, D. W. Gerdes, Joshua A. Frieman, D. Gruen, R. Cawthon, Antonella Palmese, Pablo Fosalba, Carlos Solans Sanchez, D. H. Brooks, A. R. Walker, B. Flaugher, Risa H. Wechsler, P. Rooney, Keith Bechtol, M. Sako, C. Lidman, A. von der Linden, Erin Sheldon, D. L. Hollowood, M. E. C. Swanson, Huan Lin, Sebastian Bocquet, Julian A. Mayers, Steve Kent, J. De Vicente, Martin Crocce, R. D. Wilkinson, D. L. Burke, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, M. Carrasco Kind, S. Everett, Robert C. Nichol, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, R. L. C. Ogando, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, Marcos Lima, Michael Troxel, Eduardo Rozo, Jack Elvin-Poole, Enrique Gaztanaga, Peter Doel, Peter Melchior, Ofer Lahav, M. Smith, H. T. Diehl, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, J. Allyn Smith, Paul Giles, David Bacon, Niall MacCrann, Ami Choi, Ben Hoyle, A. Roodman, Markus Rau, Tommaso Giannantonio, J. Gschwend, Gary Bernstein, Hao-Yi Wu, Tenglin Li, Scott Dodelson, S. W. Allen, Santiago Avila, Chihway Chang, M. D. Johnson, Ramon Miquel, A. Bermeo, Elisabeth Krause, Sebastian Grandis, J. Mena-Fernández, Joe Zuntz, Jochen Weller, F. J. Castander, T. M. C. Abbott, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, K. Honscheid, Eli S. Rykoff, Richard G. Kron, A. Carnero Rosell, Felipe Menanteau, S. Samuroff, Gregory Tarle, Santiago Serrano, J. DeRose, D. J. Brout, J. Prat, Samuel Hinton, G. Gutierrez, Xi Chen, A. A. Plazas, Sunayana Bhargava, Joseph J. Mohr, A. Saro, Jennifer L. Marshall, W. G. Hartley, M. Gatti, Juan Estrada, Michael Schubnell, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, European Research Council, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Alarcon, A., Allam, S., Allen, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Bechtol, K., Bermeo, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Brout, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Cawthon, R., Chang, C., Chen, X., Choi, A., Costanzi, M., Crocce, M., Da Costa, L. N., Davis, T. M., De Vicente, J., Derose, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Dodelson, S., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Eifler, T. F., Elvin-Poole, J., Estrada, J., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Farahi, A., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gatti, M., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Giles, P., Grandis, S., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Jeltema, T., Johnson, M. W. G., Johnson, M. D., Kent, S., Krause, E., Kron, R., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Lidman, C., Lima, M., Lin, H., Maccrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Mantz, A., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Mayers, J., Melchior, P., Mena-Fernandez, J., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Nord, B., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Prat, J., Rau, M. M., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rooney, P., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E. S., Sako, M., Samuroff, S., Sanchez, C., Sanchez, E., Saro, A., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Scolnic, D., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Smith, J. A., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Von Der Linden, A., Walker, A. R., Wechsler, R. H., Weller, J., Wilkinson, R. D., Wu, H., Yanny, B., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., and Zuntz, J.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Software_OPERATINGSYSTEMS, ComputingMethodologies_SIMULATIONANDMODELING, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, 01 natural sciences, XMM-Newton Telescope, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Planck, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Galaxy cluster, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, ComputerSystemsOrganization_PROCESSORARCHITECTURES, Galaxies, Cosmos, Redshift, Galaxy, Cosmology, Dark energy, symbols, Baryon acoustic oscillations, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: DES Collaboration: et al., We perform a joint analysis of the counts and weak lensing signal of redMaPPer clusters selected from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 dataset. Our analysis uses the same shear and source photometric redshifts estimates as were used in the DES combined probes analysis. Our analysis results in surprisingly low values for S8=σ8(Ωm/0.3)0.5=0.65±0.04, driven by a low matter density parameter, Ωm=0.179+0.031−0.038, with σ8−Ωm posteriors in 2.4σ tension with the DES Y1 3x2pt results, and in 5.6σ with the Planck CMB analysis. These results include the impact of post-unblinding changes to the analysis, which did not improve the level of consistency with other data sets compared to the results obtained at the unblinding. The fact that multiple cosmological probes (supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, cosmic shear, galaxy clustering and CMB anisotropies), and other galaxy cluster analyses all favor significantly higher matter densities suggests the presence of systematic errors in the data or an incomplete modeling of the relevant physics. Cross checks with x-ray and microwave data, as well as independent constraints on the observable-mass relation from Sunyaev-Zeldovich selected clusters, suggest that the discrepancy resides in our modeling of the weak lensing signal rather than the cluster abundance. Repeating our analysis using a higher richness threshold (λ≥30) significantly reduces the tension with other probes, and points to one or more richness-dependent effects not captured by our model., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. AST-1138766 and No. AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under Grants No. AYA2015-71825, No. ESP2015-66861, No. FPA2015-68048, No. SEV2016-0588, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. I. F. A. E. is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grant agreements No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through Project No. CE110001020. This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DEAC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. M. C. and A. S. are supported by the ERC-StG “ClustersXCosmo” Grant agreement No. 716762. A. S. is supported by the FAREMIUR grant “ClustersXEuclid”. E. R. was supported by the DOE Grant No. DE-SC0015975, by the Sloan Foundation, Grant No. FG-2016-6443, and the Cottrell Scholar program of the Research Corporation for Science Advancement. This research used simulations that were performed resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DEAC02-05CH11231.
Published: 2020

32. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: SZ-based masses and dust emission from IR-selected cluster candidates in the SHELA survey

Author: Steven L. Finkelstein, Matt Hilton, Suzanne T. Staggs, Lalitwadee Kawinwanichakij, Simone Aiola, Bruce Partridge, Lyman A. Page, Shardha Jogee, Brittany Fuzia, Neelima Sehgal, Felipe Maldonado, Edward J. Wollack, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Eli S. Rykoff, Mark J. Devlin, Nicholas Battaglia, Cristóbal Sifón, Casey Papovich, Megan Gralla, Robin Ciardullo, Nicola Mehrtens, and John P. Hughes
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Infrared, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Bin, Redshift, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Cluster (physics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We examine the stacked thermal Sunyaev-Zel\text{'}dovich (SZ) signals for a sample of galaxy cluster candidates from the Spitzer-HETDEX Exploratory Large Area (SHELA) Survey, which are identified in combined optical and infrared SHELA data using the redMaPPer algorithm. We separate the clusters into three richness bins, with average photometric redshifts ranging from 0.70 to 0.80. The richest bin shows a clear temperature decrement at 148 GHz in the Atacama Cosmology Telescope data, which we attribute to the SZ effect. All richness bins show an increment at 220 GHz, which we attribute to dust emission from cluster galaxies. We correct for dust emission using stacked profiles from Herschel Stripe 82 data, and allow for synchrotron emission using stacked profiles created by binning source fluxes from NVSS data. We see dust emission in all three richness bins, but can only confidently detect the SZ decrement in the highest richness bin, finding $M_{500}$ = $8.7^{+1.7}_{-1.3} \times 10^{13} M_\odot$. Neglecting the correction for dust depresses the inferred mass by 26 percent, indicating a partial fill-in of the SZ decrement from thermal dust and synchrotron emission by the cluster member galaxies. We compare our corrected SZ masses to two redMaPPer mass--richness scaling relations and find that the SZ mass is lower than predicted by the richness. We discuss possible explanations for this discrepancy, and note that the SHELA richnesses may differ from previous richness measurements due to the inclusion of IR data in redMaPPer., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Published: 2020
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33. Modelling projection effects in optically selected cluster catalogues

Author: Yanxi Zhang, Arya Farahi, Jochen Weller, A. E. Evrard, Tesla E. Jeltema, Risa H. Wechsler, Eli S. Rykoff, Michel Aguena, T. McClintock, M. Costanzi, T. N. Varga, Adam Mantz, Rachel Mandelbaum, Eduardo Rozo, J. DeRose, Daniel Gruen, Costanzi Alunno Cerbolini, M., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E. S., Farahi, A., Jeltema, T., Evrard, A. E., Mantz, A., Gruen, D., Mandelbaum, R., Derose, J., Mcclintock, T., Varga, T. N., Zhang, Y., Weller, J., Wechsler, R. H., and Aguena, M.
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Line-of-sight, Large-scale structure of Universe, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Observable, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, Projection (relational algebra), Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Dark energy, Galaxies: clusters: general, Halo, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The cosmological utility of galaxy cluster catalogues is primarily limited by our ability to calibrate the relation between halo mass and observable mass proxies such as cluster richness, X-ray luminosity or the Sunyaev-Zeldovich signal. Projection effects are a particularly pernicious systematic effect that can impact observable mass proxies; structure along the line of sight can both bias and increase the scatter of the observable mass proxies used in cluster abundance studies. In this work, we develop an empirical method to characterize the impact of projection effects on redMaPPer cluster catalogues. We use numerical simulations to validate our method and illustrate its robustness. We demonstrate that modeling of projection effects is a necessary component for cluster abundance studies capable of reaching $\approx 5\%$ mass calibration uncertainties (e.g. the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 sample). Specifically, ignoring the impact of projection effects in the observable--mass relation --- i.e. marginalizing over a log-normal model only --- biases the posterior of the cluster normalization condition $S_8 \equiv \sigma_8 (\Omega_{\rm m}/0.3)^{1/2}$ by $\Delta S_8 =0.05$, more than twice the uncertainty in the posterior for such an analysis., Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2018

34. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: redshift distributions of the weak-lensing source galaxies

Author: A. Benoit-Lévy, Tenglin Li, Chihway Chang, Filipe B. Abdalla, A. L. King, R. C. Smith, Matthew R. Becker, Flavia Sobreira, Peter Doel, R. C. Wolf, M. D. Johnson, D. L. Burke, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, D. Mudd, Edward Macaulay, C. Davis, Enrique Fernández, T. N. Varga, H. T. Diehl, Jochen Weller, F. J. Castander, A. A. Plazas, M. T. Busha, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Matt J. Jarvis, K. Honscheid, Martin Crocce, E. Suchyta, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, August E. Evrard, S. A. Uddin, Diego Capozzi, Niall MacCrann, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, Geraint F. Lewis, M. A. G. Maia, C. Bonnett, Alex Drlica-Wagner, P. Vielzeuf, Ofer Lahav, Tim Eifler, Daniela Carollo, Daniel Gruen, B. Flaugher, Donnacha Kirk, M. E. C. Swanson, M. Gatti, J. K. Hoormann, Erin Sheldon, David Brooks, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Gschwend, Gary Bernstein, Risa H. Wechsler, Michael Troxel, Huan Lin, W. C. Wester, David J. James, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Felipe Menanteau, J. Annis, J. DeRose, D. W. Gerdes, Alistair R. Walker, A. K. Romer, J. Prat, Samuel Hinton, Douglas L. Tucker, N. Kuropatkin, Gregory Tarle, M. Childress, Kyler Kuehn, Paul Martini, J. Carretero, Ashley J. Ross, Tesla E. Jeltema, Eli S. Rykoff, A. G. Kim, Pablo Fosalba, Tamara M. Davis, G. Gutierrez, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Daniel A. Goldstein, Jacobo Asorey, J. De Vicente, Darren L. DePoy, L. N. da Costa, Daniel B. Thomas, Jennifer L. Marshall, Brad E. Tucker, R. P. Rollins, Elisabeth Krause, Anais Möller, E. Bertin, C. B. D'Andrea, Masao Sako, Rafe Schindler, Rob Sharp, S. E. Kuhlmann, Markus Michael Rau, W. G. Hartley, Bonnie Zhang, Karl Glazebrook, M. S. Schubnell, Keith Bechtol, Peter Melchior, Fang Yuan, Brian Nord, N. E. Sommer, Brian Yanny, Shantanu Desai, C. Lidman, Joshua A. Frieman, R. Cawthon, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Eduardo Rozo, Ramon Miquel, S. Samuroff, M. Carrasco Kind, Mathew Smith, Robert C. Nichol, C. Sánchez, Marcos Lima, E. Buckley-Geer, A. Alarcon, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Juan Estrada, Enrique Gaztanaga, Ben Hoyle, Marvin Johnson, C. R. O'Neill, J. Zuntz, Vinu Vikram, V. Scarpine, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Photometry (optics), surveys, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, catalogues, Weak gravitational lensing, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift survey, methods: data analysis, Redshift, Galaxy, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We describe the derivation and validation of redshift distribution estimates and their uncertainties for the galaxies used as weak lensing sources in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 cosmological analyses. The Bayesian Photometric Redshift (BPZ) code is used to assign galaxies to four redshift bins between z=0.2 and 1.3, and to produce initial estimates of the lensing-weighted redshift distributions $n^i_{PZ}(z)$ for bin i. Accurate determination of cosmological parameters depends critically on knowledge of $n^i$ but is insensitive to bin assignments or redshift errors for individual galaxies. The cosmological analyses allow for shifts $n^i(z)=n^i_{PZ}(z-\Delta z^i)$ to correct the mean redshift of $n^i(z)$ for biases in $n^i_{\rm PZ}$. The $\Delta z^i$ are constrained by comparison of independently estimated 30-band photometric redshifts of galaxies in the COSMOS field to BPZ estimates made from the DES griz fluxes, for a sample matched in fluxes, pre-seeing size, and lensing weight to the DES weak-lensing sources. In companion papers, the $\Delta z^i$ are further constrained by the angular clustering of the source galaxies around red galaxies with secure photometric redshifts at 0.15, Comment: MNRAS accepted; 20 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2018

35. The ellipticity of galaxy cluster haloes from satellite galaxies and weak lensing

Author: Tae Hyeon Shin, Joseph Clampitt, Andrew Neil, Bhuvnesh Jain, Gary Bernstein, Eduardo Rozo, and Eli S. Rykoff
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Type-cD galaxy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Dark matter halo, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Satellite galaxy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Brightest cluster galaxy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We study the ellipticity of galaxy cluster halos as characterized by the distribution of cluster galaxies and as measured with weak lensing. We use monte-carlo simulations of elliptical cluster density profiles to estimate and correct for Poisson noise bias, edge bias and projection effects. We apply our methodology to 10,428 SDSS clusters identified by the redMaPPer algorithm with richness above 20. We find a mean ellipticity $= 0.271 \pm 0.002$ (stat) $\pm 0.031$ (sys) corresponding to an axis ratio $= 0.573 \pm 0.002$ (stat) $\pm 0.039$ (sys). We compare this ellipticity of the satellites to the halo shape, through a stacked lensing measurement using optimal estimators of the lensing quadrupole based on Clampitt and Jain (2016). We find a best-fit axis ratio of $0.56 \pm 0.09$ (stat) $\pm 0.03$ (sys), consistent with the ellipticity of the satellite distribution. Thus cluster galaxies trace the shape of the dark matter halo to within our estimated uncertainties. Finally, we restack the satellite and lensing ellipticity measurements along the major axis of the cluster central galaxy's light distribution. From the lensing measurements we infer a misalignment angle with an RMS of ${30^\circ \pm 10}^\circ$ when stacking on the central galaxy. We discuss applications of halo shape measurements to test the effects of the baryonic gas and AGN feedback, as well as dark matter and gravity. The major improvements in signal-to-noise expected with the ongoing Dark Energy Survey and future surveys from LSST, Euclid and WFIRST will make halo shapes a useful probe of these effects., Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, 1 table, revised and published to MNRAS
Published: 2018

36. Reducing Ground-based Astrometric Errors with Gaia and Gaussian Processes

Author: J. Frieman, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, A. E. Evrard, S. Bhargava, J. De Vicente, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, Maria E. S. Pereira, J. Carretero, Pedro H. Bernardinelli, M. Costanzi, Jochen Weller, David James, A. Roodman, William Wester, Kyler Kuehn, Basilio X. Santiago, P. Doel, Chun-Hao To, L. N. da Costa, Keith Bechtol, A. R. Walker, M. S. Schubnell, V. Scarpine, William G. Hartley, N. P. Kuropatkin, S. Desai, M. Smith, A. A. Plazas, M. Aguena, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Enrique Gaztanaga, J. L. Marshall, M. A. G. Maia, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, M. Jarvis, Ami Choi, I. Ferrero, David Bacon, Tim Eifler, Sahar S. Allam, Stephen M. Kent, D. W. Gerdes, Antonella Palmese, Douglas L. Tucker, T. N. Varga, Robert Morgan, J. Gschwend, K. Eckert, Gary Bernstein, Robert A. Gruendl, Devon L. Hollowood, W. F. Fortino, F. Paz-Chinchón, D. Brooks, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Santiago Serrano, K. Honscheid, Eli S. Rykoff, D. L. Burke, James Annis, G. Gutierrez, Ramon Miquel, J. Myles, Felipe Menanteau, E. J. Sanchez, Samuel Hinton, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), Fortino, W. F., Bernstein, G. M., Bernardinelli, P. H., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Bacon, D., Bechtol, K., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carretero, J., Choi, A., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Ferrero, I., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Jarvis, M., Kent, S., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Myles, J., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., To, C., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Weller, J., and Wester, W.
Subjects: Field (physics), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrometry, Sky noise, Astronomy data analysis, 80, 1463, 1858, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, symbols.namesake, Kriging, Distortion, 0103 physical sciences, Astronometry, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Gaussian process, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 05 social sciences, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy data analysi, 050301 education, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Geodesy, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Ground-penetrating radar, Orbit (dynamics), symbols, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 0503 education
Abstract: Fortino, W. F., et al. DES Collaboration, Stochastic field distortions caused by atmospheric turbulence are a fundamental limitation to the astrometric accuracy of ground-based imaging. This distortion field is measurable at the locations of stars with accurate positions provided by the Gaia DR2 catalog; we develop the use of Gaussian process regression (GPR) to interpolate the distortion field to arbitrary locations in each exposure. We introduce an extension to standard GPR techniques that exploits the knowledge that the 2D distortion field is curl-free. Applied to several hundred 90 s exposures from the Dark Energy Survey as a test bed, we find that the GPR correction reduces the variance of the turbulent astrometric distortions ≈12× , on average, with better performance in denser regions of the Gaia catalog. The rms per-coordinate distortion in the riz bands is typically ≈7 mas before any correction and ≈2 mas after application of the GPR model. The GPR astrometric corrections are validated by the observation that their use reduces, from 10 to 5 mas rms, the residuals to an orbit fit to riz-band observations over 5 yr of the r = 18.5 trans-Neptunian object Eris. We also propose a GPR method, not yet implemented, for simultaneously estimating the turbulence fields and the 5D stellar solutions in a stack of overlapping exposures, which should yield further turbulence reductions in future deep surveys., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018- 094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016- 0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciˆencia e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02- 07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
Published: 2021

37. Stellar mass–halo mass relation for the brightest central galaxies of X-ray clusters since z ∼ 0.65

Author: Anne-Marie Weijmans, Eli S. Rykoff, D. Wilman, Chris A. Collins, M. Mirkazemi, Joel R. Brownstein, A. Kukkola, Andrea Biviano, G. Erfanianfar, R. Capasso, Ghassem Gozaliasl, C. C. Kirkpatrick, Lee S. Kelvin, Donald P. Schneider, S. Damsted, M. J. Pereira, Andrea Merloni, Stijn Wuyts, Eiichi Egami, Jacob Ider Chitham, Kirpal Nandra, Habib G. Khosroshahi, Alexis Finoguenov, K. Furnell, N. Clerc, Mara Salvato, Paola Popesso, Johan Comparat, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Astrophysics Research Institute [Liverpool] (ARI), Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), University of Bath [Bath], School of Astronomy and Astrophysics [Teheran], Institute for Research in Fundamental Science [Terhan] (IPM), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), Stanford University, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Helsinki, University of St Andrews [Scotland], University of Utah, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Technische Universität München [München] (TUM), Stanford University [Stanford], Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, and University of St Andrews. Centre for Contemporary Art
Subjects: Stellar mass, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], elliptical and lenticular, cD [Galaxies], 01 natural sciences, Galaxy groups and clusters, 0103 physical sciences, QB Astronomy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QC, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QB, Physics, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 3rd-DAS, evolution [Galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, groups: general [Galaxies], QC Physics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Spectral energy distribution, galaxies: clusters [X-rays], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Halo, [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Sersic profile
Abstract: We present the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) catalog for SPectroscoic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS) DR14 cluster program value-added catalog. We list the 416 BCGs identified as part of this process, along with their stellar mass, star formation rates, and morphological properties. We identified the BCGs based on the available spectroscopic data from SPIDERS and photometric data from SDSS. We computed stellar masses and SFRs of the BCGs on the basis of SDSS, WISE, and GALEX photometry using spectral energy distribution fitting. Morphological properties for all BCGs were derived by Sersic profile fitting using the software package SIGMA in different optical bands (g,r,i). We combined this catalog with the BCGs of galaxy groups and clusters extracted from the deeper AEGIS, CDFS, COSMOS, XMM-CFHTLS, and XMM-XXL surveys to study the stellar mass - halo mass relation using the largest sample of X-ray groups and clusters known to date. This result suggests that the mass growth of the central galaxy is controlled by the hierarchical mass growth of the host halo. We find a strong correlation between the stellar mass of BCGs and the mass of their host halos. This relation shows no evolution since z $\sim$ 0.65. We measure a mean scatter of 0.21 and 0.25 for the stellar mass of BCGs in a given halo mass at low ( $0.1, Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2019

38. RedMaPPer: Evolution and Mass Dependence of the Conditional Luminosity Functions of Red Galaxies in Galaxy Clusters

Author: Eduardo Rozo, Risa H. Wechsler, Chun-Hao To, Rachel M. Reddick, and Eli S. Rykoff
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Photometry (optics), 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, Satellite galaxy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Photometric redshift, Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Halo, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We characterize the luminosity distribution, halo mass dependence, and redshift evolution of red galaxies in galaxy clusters using the SDSS Data Release 8 RedMaPPer cluster sample. We propose a simple prescription for the relationship between the luminosity of both central and satellite galaxies and the mass of their host halos, and show that this model is well-fit by the data. Using a larger galaxy cluster sample than previously employed in the literature, we find that the luminosities of central galaxies scale as $\langle \log L \rangle \propto A_L \log (M_{200b})$, with $A_L=0.39\pm0.04$, and that the scatter of the central--galaxy luminosity at fixed $M_{200b}$ ( $\sigma_{\log L|M}$) is $0.23 ^{+0.05}_{-0.04}$ dex, with the error bar including systematics due to miscentering of the cluster finder, photometry, and photometric redshift estimation. Our data prefers a positive correlation between the luminosity of central galaxies and the observed richness of clusters at a fixed halo mass, with an effective correlation coefficient $d_{\rm{eff}}=0.36^{+0.17}_{-0.16}$. The characteristic luminosity of satellites becomes dimmer from $z=0.3$ to $z=0.1$ by $\sim 20\%$ after accounting for passive evolution. We estimate the fraction of galaxy clusters where the brightest galaxy is not the central to be $P_{\rm{BNC}} \sim 20\%$. We discuss implications of these findings in the context of galaxy evolution and the galaxy--halo connection., Comment: 29 pages, 17 figures, 5 tables. Accepted by APJ
Published: 2019

39. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: the effect of intracluster light on photometric redshifts for weak gravitational lensing

Author: Flavia Sobreira, V. Scarpine, Ramon Miquel, Martin Crocce, Ofer Lahav, Elisabeth Krause, C. Davis, J. Gschwend, Filipe B. Abdalla, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Eduardo Rozo, Felipe Menanteau, David J. James, Yanxi Zhang, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Alistair R. Walker, Pablo Fosalba, Marcelle Soares-Santos, D. L. Burke, Vinu Vikram, J. Annis, K. Honscheid, Peter Melchior, Santiago Avila, Carlos E. Cunha, Brian Yanny, A. A. Plazas, Shantanu Desai, R. Cawthon, Daniel Thomas, Ben Hoyle, H. T. Diehl, Eli S. Rykoff, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Antonella Palmese, Jennifer L. Marshall, M. A. G. Maia, Enrique Gaztanaga, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, M. Carrasco Kind, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, A. K. Romer, B. Flaugher, N. Kuropatkin, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, R. L. C. Ogando, Tesla E. Jeltema, Joshua A. Frieman, J. De Vicente, Huan Lin, V. C. Busti, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, C. J. Miller, Kyler Kuehn, E. Suchyta, David J. Brooks, D. L. Hollowood, Richard G. Kron, and Marcos Lima
Subjects: High energy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Higher education, FOS: Physical sciences, Library science, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QC, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, European research, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Research council, Fundamental physics, Christian ministry, business, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We study the effect of diffuse intracluster light on the critical surface mass density estimated from photometric redshifts of lensing source galaxies, and the resulting bias in a weak lensing measurement of galaxy cluster mass. Under conservative assumptions, we find the bias to be negligible for imaging surveys like the Dark Energy Survey (DES) with a recommended scale cut of >=200 kpc distance from cluster centers. For significantly deeper source catalogs from present and future surveys like the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) program, more conservative scale and source magnitude cuts or a correction of the effect may be necessary to achieve per-cent level lensing measurement accuracy, especially at the massive end of the cluster population., 11 pages, 4 figures, matches version published in MNRAS
Published: 2019

40. Galaxies in X-ray selected clusters and groups in dark energy survey data – II. Hierarchical Bayesian modelling of the red-sequence galaxy luminosity function

Author: A. A. Plazas, J. Gschwend, B. Flaugher, E. Suchyta, Martin Sahlén, Chris A. Collins, Matt Hilton, Flavia Sobreira, Daniel Gruen, M. A. G. Maia, Felipe Menanteau, Martin Crocce, Gregory Tarle, Michael Schubnell, Robert G. Mann, D. W. Gerdes, John P. Stott, J. Carretero, G. Gutierrez, K. Honscheid, M. March, Mathew Smith, H. T. Diehl, J. P. Dietrich, David Bacon, Risa H. Wechsler, N. Kuropatkin, C. B. D'Andrea, Eli S. Rykoff, C. J. Miller, P. Rooney, Rituparna Das, A. Benoit-Lévy, David J. James, David J. Brooks, Enrique Gaztanaga, Ramon Miquel, Pablo Fosalba, A. Bermeo, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Julian A. Mayers, A. Carnero Rosell, Francisco J. Castander, Filipe B. Abdalla, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, J. Song, E. Buckley-Geer, C. Vergara Cervantes, Marcos Lima, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, L. N. da Costa, R. L. C. Ogando, C. Hennig, M. E. C. Swanson, Timothy A. McKay, Yanxi Zhang, Tim Eifler, H. Wilcox, Jennifer L. Marshall, Ben Hoyle, Nicola Mehrtens, Peter Melchior, Kyler Kuehn, A. K. Romer, Andrew R. Liddle, Sarah Bridle, Carlos E. Cunha, Pedro T. P. Viana, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Scott T. Kay, Han Lin, D. L. Burke, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Tesla E. Jeltema, C. J. Conselice, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and DES
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Evolution, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, astro-ph.GA, General – galaxies, Bayesian probability, AST-1138766, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Clusters, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, clusters: general [galaxies], AST-1536171, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QC, evolution [galaxies], STFC, Luminosity function (astronomy), QB, Physics, Sequence, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Function (mathematics), Galaxies, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: clusters: general, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Dark energy, astro-ph.CO, Survey data collection, galaxies: evolution, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Using $\sim 100$ X-ray selected clusters in the Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data, we constrain the luminosity function (LF) of cluster red sequence galaxies as a function of redshift. This is the first homogeneous optical/X-ray sample large enough to constrain the evolution of the luminosity function simultaneously in redshift ($0.1, Comment: Updated to match the accepted version
Published: 2019

41. Dark Energy Surveyed Year 1 results: calibration of cluster mis-centring in the redMaPPer catalogues

Author: W. G. Hartley, C. Stern, Devon L. Hollowood, John P. Stott, Ramon Miquel, A. Bermeo, B. Flaugher, Martin Sahlén, Chris A. Collins, Eli S. Rykoff, Elisabeth Krause, Tesla E. Jeltema, Yanxi Zhang, Shantanu Desai, C. J. Miller, Arya Farahi, A. A. Plazas, J. Gschwend, Marcelle Soares-Santos, M. E. C. Swanson, M. Costanzi, Xi Chen, Vinu Vikram, J. P. Dietrich, R. H. Schindler, Juan Garcia-Bellido, W. C. Wester, E. Bertin, David J. Brooks, M. Klein, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, Peter Melchior, Sunayana Bhargava, M. Smith, Eduardo Rozo, Jennifer L. Marshall, Daniel Gruen, G. Gutierrez, S. W. Allen, D. L. Burke, Peter Doel, R. D. Wilkinson, Maria Manolopoulou, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Pablo Fosalba, K. Honscheid, H. T. Diehl, V. Scarpine, S. Everett, G. Tarle, August E. Evrard, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Julian A. Mayers, J. De Vicente, Ben Hoyle, Daniel Thomas, Felipe Menanteau, Robert G. Mann, M. A. G. Maia, A. von der Linden, G. Morris, Risa H. Wechsler, E. Suchyta, Matt Hilton, S. Serrano, M. Carrasco Kind, C. Vergara Cervantes, Marcos Lima, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Enrique Gaztanaga, N. Kuropatkin, M. Splettstoesser, Adam Mantz, L. N. da Costa, Joshua A. Frieman, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Paul Giles, A. K. Romer, Santiago Avila, Keith Bechtol, F. J. Castander, Pedro T. P. Viana, E. J. Sanchez, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Zhang, Y., Jeltema, T., Hollowood, D. L., Everett, S., Rozo, E., Farahi, A., Bermeo, A., Bhargava, S., Giles, P., Romer, A. K., Wilkinson, R., Rykoff, E. S., Mantz, A., Diehl, H. T., Evrard, A. E., Stern, C., Gruen, D., von der Linden, A., Splettstoesser, M., Chen, X., Costanzi, M., Allen, S., Collins, C., Hilton, M., Klein, M., Mann, R. G., Manolopoulou, M., Morris, G., Mayers, J., Sahlen, M., Stott, J., Vergara Cervantes, C., Viana, P. T. P., Wechsler, R. H., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Plazas, A. A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Vikram, V., Wester, W., and Des, Collaboration
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), galaxies: clusters: general, dark energy, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, FOS: Physical sciences, Library science, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, clusters: general [galaxies], European union, Astronomy observatory, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, European research, GALÁXIAS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, Research council, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Fundamental physics, Christian ministry, galaxies: clusters [X-rays], National laboratory, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The center determination of a galaxy cluster from an optical cluster finding algorithm can be offset from theoretical prescriptions or $N$-body definitions of its host halo center. These offsets impact the recovered cluster statistics, affecting both richness measurements and the weak lensing shear profile around the clusters. This paper models the centering performance of the \RM~cluster finding algorithm using archival X-ray observations of \RM-selected clusters. Assuming the X-ray emission peaks as the fiducial halo centers, and through analyzing their offsets to the \RM~centers, we find that $\sim 75\pm 8 \%$ of the \RM~clusters are well centered and the mis-centered offset follows a Gamma distribution in normalized, projected distance. These mis-centering offsets cause a systematic underestimation of cluster richness relative to the well-centered clusters, for which we propose a descriptive model. Our results enable the DES Y1 cluster cosmology analysis by characterizing the necessary corrections to both the weak lensing and richness abundance functions of the DES Y1 redMaPPer cluster catalog., Code used in this analysis is available from https://github.com/yyzhang/center_modeling_y1
Published: 2019

42. A Detection of CMB-Cluster Lensing using Polarization Data from SPTpol

Author: Benjamin Saliwanchik, C. L. Chang, V. G. Yefremenko, Sebastian Bocquet, C. Corbett Moran, Devon L. Hollowood, J. A. Beall, N. Huang, Jessica Avva, A. E. Lowitz, Adrian T. Lee, Lloyd Knox, Peter A. R. Ade, Nikhel Gupta, J. E. Ruhl, Yanxi Zhang, Pablo Fosalba, Stephen Padin, Marcelle Soares-Santos, J. D. Hrubes, G. Gutierrez, Elizabeth George, Tesla E. Jeltema, Joseph J. Mohr, K. Vanderlinde, Gene C. Hilton, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, K. T. Story, Valentine Novosad, Srinivasan Raghunathan, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, H. C. Chiang, Robert I. Citron, Bradford Benson, Gensheng Wang, Jason Gallicchio, N. W. Halverson, Antony A. Stark, Chang Feng, T. Natoli, G. P. Holder, T. Veach, A. A. Plazas, M. Costanzi, C. Sievers, Shantanu Desai, Michael Schubnell, Jason W. Henning, D. L. Burke, Dale Li, Carole Tucker, Mathew Smith, Christian L. Reichardt, B. Flaugher, Jason E. Austermann, Ramon Miquel, S. S. Meyer, M. A. G. Maia, N. L. Harrington, John E. Carlstrom, Matt Dobbs, Peter Melchior, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, L. M. Mocanu, G. I. Noble, Joaquin Vieira, Federico Bianchini, Graeme Smecher, J. P. Dietrich, Nathan Whitehorn, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Juan Garcia-Bellido, T. McClintock, N. Kuropatkin, Eduardo Rozo, J. De Vicente, T. M. Crawford, Peter Doel, J. T. Sayre, T. N. Varga, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Amy N. Bender, L. N. da Costa, A. K. Romer, H. T. Diehl, Felipe Menanteau, David Bacon, W. L. K. Wu, J. Carretero, K. K. Schaffer, Jennifer L. Marshall, M. Carrasco Kind, Joshua Montgomery, Johannes Hubmayr, Gregory Tarle, J. Gschwend, Joshua A. Frieman, David Rapetti, A. J. Gilbert, S. Serrano, Adam Anderson, Enrique Gaztanaga, Jeff McMahon, K. Honscheid, Eli S. Rykoff, Eric J. Baxter, Vinu Vikram, R. L. C. Ogando, Marcos Lima, T. de Haan, V. Scarpine, S. Patil, John P. Nibarger, Andrew Nadolski, A. Carnero Rosell, Kent D. Irwin, W. L. Holzapfel, Ofer Lahav, S. Everett, C. Pryke, Lindsey Bleem, F. J. Castander, E. J. Sanchez, Santiago Avila, A. T. Crites, Raghunathan, S., Patil, S., Baxter, E., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Crawford, T. M., Holder, G. P., Mcclintock, T., Reichardt, C. L., Varga, T. N., Whitehorn, N., Ade, P. A. R., Allam, S., Anderson, A. J., Austermann, J. E., Avila, S., Avva, J. S., Bacon, D., Beall, J. A., Bender, A. N., Bianchini, F., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carlstrom, J. E., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Chang, C. L., Chiang, H. C., Citron, R., Costanzi, M., Crites, A. T., Da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Dobbs, M. A., Doel, P., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Feng, C., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gallicchio, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., George, E. M., Giannantonio, T., Gilbert, A., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gupta, N., Gutierrez, G., De Haan, T., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N., Henning, J. W., Hilton, G. C., Hollowood, D. L., Holzapfel, W. L., Honscheid, K., Hrubes, J. D., Huang, N., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K. D., Jeltema, T., Kind, M. C., Knox, L., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lee, A. T., Li, D., Lima, M., Lowitz, A., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Mcmahon, J. J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Meyer, S. S., Miquel, R., Mocanu, L. M., Mohr, J. J., Montgomery, J., Moran, C. C., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J. P., Noble, G., Novosad, V., Ogando, R. L. C., Padin, S., Plazas, A. A., Pryke, C., Rapetti, D., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rosell, A. C., Rozo, E., Ruhl, J. E., Rykoff, E. S., Saliwanchik, B. R., Sanchez, E., Sayre, J. T., Scarpine, V., Schaffer, K. K., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., De Vicente, J., Vieira, J. D., Vikram, V., Wang, G., W. L. K., Wu, Yefremenko, V., and Zhang, Y.
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic microwave background Gravitational lenses Galaxy Clusters, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, RCUK, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Gravitational lens, 0103 physical sciences, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, Cluster (physics), 010306 general physics, STFC, Galaxy cluster, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the first detection of gravitational lensing due to galaxy clusters using only the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The lensing signal is obtained using a new estimator that extracts the lensing dipole signature from stacked images formed by rotating the cluster-centered Stokes $Q/U$ map cutouts along the direction of the locally measured background CMB polarization gradient. Using data from the SPTpol 500 deg$^{2}$ survey at the locations of roughly 18,000 clusters with richness $\lambda \ge 10$ from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year-3 full galaxy cluster catalog, we detect lensing at $4.8\sigma$. The mean stacked mass of the selected sample is found to be $(1.43 \pm 0.4)\ \times 10^{14}\ {\rm M_{\odot}}$ which is in good agreement with optical weak lensing based estimates using DES data and CMB-lensing based estimates using SPTpol temperature data. This measurement is a key first step for cluster cosmology with future low-noise CMB surveys, like CMB-S4, for which CMB polarization will be the primary channel for cluster lensing measurements., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; typos fixed; accepted for publication in PRL
Published: 2019

43. Cosmological Constraints from Multiple Probes in the Dark Energy Survey

Author: Eric H. Neilsen, Martin Crocce, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, Tamara M. Davis, Martin Becker, J. P. Dietrich, J. Gschwend, Richard G. McMahon, J. DeRose, L. F. Secco, D. J. Brout, Darren L. DePoy, W. G. Hartley, F. J. Castander, Richard G. Kron, P. Andersen, Lluís Galbany, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, C. Davis, Gary Bernstein, Daniel Gruen, S. A. Uddin, Ofer Lahav, J. Lasker, Elisabeth Krause, J. Muir, Enrique Gaztanaga, N. E. Sommer, Rob Sharp, D. L. Hollowood, Risa H. Wechsler, D. W. Gerdes, A. G. Kim, V. Scarpine, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, A. Campos, Eli S. Rykoff, Erin Sheldon, David Brooks, D. L. Burke, Geraint F. Lewis, David Goldstein, Carlos Solans Sanchez, Bonnie Zhang, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Marcos Lima, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, H. T. Diehl, P. Martini, M. Gatti, David Bacon, J. Calcino, David J. James, Joseph J. Mohr, J. Prat, Samuel Hinton, Bruce A. Bassett, J. P. Marriner, M. Carrasco Kind, Eric J. Baxter, G. Gutierrez, Dragan Huterer, Niall MacCrann, M. H.L.S. Wang, Bhuvnesh Jain, B. Flaugher, F. Andrade-Oliveira, Alistair R. Walker, Robert C. Nichol, Joe Zuntz, S. Kent, Pablo Fosalba, S. Allam, Ryan J. Foley, Robert A. Gruendl, Anais Möller, N. Kokron, E. Bertin, R. Cawthon, Ramon Miquel, Ashley J. Ross, Juan Estrada, M. S. Schubnell, P. Doel, Marcelle Soares-Santos, J. Annis, H. Camacho, Will J. Percival, N. Weaverdyck, A. Porredon, Karl Glazebrook, Enrique Fernández, Juan Garcia-Bellido, P. Challis, Huan Lin, Daniela Carollo, Jennifer L. Marshall, Brad E. Tucker, K. Honscheid, Brian Yanny, Shantanu Desai, N. Kuropatkin, E. Kasai, Rafe Schindler, Mathew Smith, A. Alarcon, M. Childress, C. Lidman, Felipe Menanteau, Daniel Scolnic, Gregory Tarle, L. N. da Costa, Tesla E. Jeltema, August E. Evrard, E. Swann, K. C. Chan, J. De Vicente, P. Lemos, Daniel Thomas, Brian Nord, Flavia Sobreira, Michael Troxel, Joshua A. Frieman, M. March, M. E. C. Swanson, Matt J. Jarvis, Kyler Kuehn, P. Vielzeuf, Yanxi Zhang, Tim Eifler, Keith Bechtol, Antonella Palmese, Rogerio Rosenfeld, M. A. G. Maia, J. K. Hoormann, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Ben Hoyle, A. A. Plazas, A. K. Romer, C. B. D'Andrea, Edward Macaulay, Jack Elvin-Poole, S. Samuroff, R. C. Thomas, Eric Morganson, Jacobo Asorey, Yen-Chen Pan, Peter Melchior, N. Banik, Jonathan Blazek, Tenglin Li, Sarah Bridle, Scott Dodelson, Santiago Avila, Chihway Chang, Carlos E. Cunha, Jochen Weller, T. M. C. Abbott, Hiranya V. Peiris, E. J. Sanchez, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Institute of Space Sciences (ICE CSIC), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Queensland, Dark Cosmology Centre, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Laboratório Interinstitucional de E-Astronomia - LIneA, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, University of Portsmouth, African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, South African Astronomical Observatory, University of Pennsylvania, LSST, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Argonne National Laboratory, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, Ohio State University, Observatoire de Sauverny, University of Manchester, University College London, Stanford University, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Carnegie Mellon University, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Astrophysical Observatory of Turin, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Chicago, University of Southampton, Observatório Nacional, Texas A and M University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, IIT Hyderabad, Excellence Cluster Universe, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Steward Observatory, California Institute of Technology, University of Michigan, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of Pittsburgh, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, University of Cambridge, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Swinburne University of Technology, ETH Zurich, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, University of Namibia, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Macquarie University, University of Sydney, Australian National University, Peyton Hall, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Academia Sinica, University of Waterloo, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Sussex, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Department, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Duke University, Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, University of Edinburgh, Natl Opt Astron Observ, IEEC, CSIC, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Univ Queensland, Univ Copenhagen, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Univ Portsmouth, African Inst Math Sci, South African Astron Observ, Univ Penn, Univ Wisconsin, Argonne Natl Lab, CNRS, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Ohio State Univ, Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Univ Manchester, UCL, Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Astrophys Observ Turin, Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Univ Chicago, Univ Southampton, Observ Nacl, Texas A&M Univ, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Steward Observ, CALTECH, Univ Michigan, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Univ Pittsburgh, Univ Autonoma Madrid, Univ Cambridge, Swinburne Univ Technol, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Univ Namibia, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Macquarie Univ, Univ Sydney, Australian Natl Univ, Princeton Univ, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Acad Sinica, Univ Waterloo, Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Univ Sussex, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Brandeis Univ, Duke Univ, Observ Carnegie Inst Sci, and Univ Edinburgh
Subjects: bao, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), MATÉRIA ESCURA, media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic microwave background, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, des, Gravitation and Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, supernova, galaxies, 0103 physical sciences, redshift distributions, 010306 general physics, QC, STFC, Weak gravitational lensing, media_common, Physics, Equation of state (cosmology), RCUK, Shape of the universe, Universe, 13. Climate action, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, baryon acoustic-oscillations, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], sdss, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The combination of multiple observational probes has long been advocated as a powerful technique to constrain cosmological parameters, in particular dark energy. The Dark Energy Survey has measured 207 spectroscopically--confirmed Type Ia supernova lightcurves; the baryon acoustic oscillation feature; weak gravitational lensing; and galaxy clustering. Here we present combined results from these probes, deriving constraints on the equation of state, $w$, of dark energy and its energy density in the Universe. Independently of other experiments, such as those that measure the cosmic microwave background, the probes from this single photometric survey rule out a Universe with no dark energy, finding $w=-0.80^{+0.09}_{-0.11}$. The geometry is shown to be consistent with a spatially flat Universe, and we obtain a constraint on the baryon density of $\Omega_b=0.069^{+0.009}_{-0.012}$ that is independent of early Universe measurements. These results demonstrate the potential power of large multi-probe photometric surveys and pave the way for order of magnitude advances in our constraints on properties of dark energy and cosmology over the next decade., Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures; v3 matches version accepted by PRL
Published: 2019

44. First Cosmology Results Using Type Ia Supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: Photometric Pipeline and Light-curve Data Release

Author: Anais Möller, J. Carretero, Tamara M. Davis, Daniel A. Goldstein, M. S. Schubnell, Richard Kessler, Douglas L. Tucker, Peter Nugent, Martin Crocce, H. T. Diehl, C. B. D'Andrea, Alex G. Kim, W. G. Hartley, S. Serrano, Ken Herner, David J. James, Flavia Sobreira, Bruce A. Bassett, Lluís Galbany, N. P. Kuropatkin, Devon L. Hollowood, T. M. C. Abbott, Daniel Gruen, Enrique Gaztanaga, Pablo Fosalba, E. Suchyta, J. Frieman, E. J. Sanchez, Yanxi Zhang, Tim Eifler, Paul Martini, A. Roodman, M. March, D. W. Gerdes, Brian Yanny, Yen-Chen Pan, C. Davis, A. A. Plazas, L. N. da Costa, Shantanu Desai, Mark Sullivan, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, Peter de Nully Brown, E. Kasai, Mathew Smith, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, Francisco J. Castander, Daniel Scolnic, A. Carnero Rosell, J. De Vicente, Carlos Cunha, Ofer Lahav, Marco A. P. Lima, Brian Nord, Juan Garcia-Bellido, J. Lasker, Samuel Hinton, Tenglin Li, Santiago Avila, R. C. Thomas, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, D. J. Brout, Eric Morganson, Masao Sako, William Wester, Ryan J. Foley, Edward Macaulay, Kyler Kuehn, V. Scarpine, Daniel Thomas, Emmanuel Bertin, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Rafe Schindler, Jennifer L. Marshall, Brad E. Tucker, Gregory Tarle, K. Honscheid, Eli S. Rykoff, D. L. Burke, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, R. Wolf, B. Flaugher, James Annis, M. Childress, Ramon Miquel, P. Doel, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and DES
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pipeline (computing), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, techniques: photometric, supernovae: general, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Surface brightness, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Function (mathematics), Light curve, Galaxy, Supernova, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, Dark energy, SUPERNOVAS, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: We present griz light curves of 251 Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) from the first 3 years of the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program's (DES-SN) spectroscopically classified sample. The photometric pipeline described in this paper produces the calibrated fluxes and associated uncertainties used in the cosmological parameter analysis (Brout et al. 2018-SYS, DES Collaboration et al. 2018) by employing a scene modeling approach that simultaneously forward models a variable transient flux and temporally constant host galaxy. We inject artificial point sources onto DECam images to test the accuracy of our photometric method. Upon comparison of input and measured artificial supernova fluxes, we find flux biases peak at 3 mmag. We require corrections to our photometric uncertainties as a function of host galaxy surface brightness at the transient location, similar to that seen by the DES Difference Imaging Pipeline used to discover transients. The public release of the light curves can be found at https://des.ncsa.illinois.edu/releases/sn., Comment: 12 Pages, 8 Figures, Submitted to ApJ, Comments welcome
Published: 2019

45. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: Validation of weak lensing cluster member contamination estimates from P(z) decomposition

Author: M. Carrasco Kind, Marcos Lima, Enrique Gaztanaga, Joshua A. Frieman, Douglas L. Tucker, J. DeRose, Kyler Kuehn, D. L. Burke, Peter Doel, A. Carnero Rosell, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, H. T. Diehl, N. Kuropatkin, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Robert A. Gruendl, Michael Schubnell, Melanie Simet, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, A. K. Romer, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, A. A. Plazas, K. Honscheid, J. Carretero, E. J. Sanchez, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, David J. James, B. Flaugher, Pablo Fosalba, G. Gutierrez, Eli S. Rykoff, Eduardo Rozo, J. Annis, Thomas McClintock, Stella Seitz, Daniel Gruen, A. von der Linden, Tesla E. Jeltema, W. G. Hartley, J. De Vicente, V. Scarpine, Devon L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Jennifer L. Marshall, C. B. D'Andrea, Shantanu Desai, D. W. Gerdes, Mathew Smith, Felipe Menanteau, Gregory Tarle, Christopher J. Miller, Yanxi Zhang, M. Costanzi, Ramon Miquel, Santiago Avila, Carlos E. Cunha, M. A. G. Maia, Risa H. Wechsler, Niall MacCrann, E. Bertin, J. Gschwend, Flavia Sobreira, M. March, R. L. C. Ogando, Peter Melchior, Ben Hoyle, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Varga, T. N., Derose, J., Gruen, D., Mcclintock, T., Seitz, S., Rozo, E., Costanzi, M., Hoyle, B., Maccrann, N., Plazas, A. A., Rykoff, E. S., Simet, M., Von Der Linden, A., Wechsler, R. H., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., Da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., and Zhang, Y.
Subjects: High energy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Higher education, FOS: Physical sciences, Library science, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, gravitational lensing: weak, Clusters: General [Galaxies], 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Observation [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, QC, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, European research, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, observations [cosmology], Cosmology: Observations, Galaxies: Clusters: General, Gravitational lensing: weak, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Research council, galaxies: clusters: general, cosmology: observations, Fundamental physics, Christian ministry, CLUSTERS, weak [Gravitational lensing], business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Weak lensing source galaxy catalogs used in estimating the masses of galaxy clusters can be heavily contaminated by cluster members, prohibiting accurate mass calibration. In this study we test the performance of an estimator for the extent of cluster member contamination based on decomposing the photometric redshift $P(z)$ of source galaxies into contaminating and background components. We perform a full scale mock analysis on a simulated sky survey approximately mirroring the observational properties of the Dark Energy Survey Year One observations (DES Y1), and find excellent agreement between the true number profile of contaminating cluster member galaxies in the simulation and the estimated one. We further apply the method to estimate the cluster member contamination for the DES Y1 redMaPPer cluster mass calibration analysis, and compare the results to an alternative approach based on the angular correlation of weak lensing source galaxies. We find indications that the correlation based estimates are biased by the selection of the weak lensing sources in the cluster vicinity, which does not strongly impact the $P(z)$ decomposition method. Collectively, these benchmarks demonstrate the strength of the $P(z)$ decomposition method in alleviating membership contamination and enabling highly accurate cluster weak lensing studies without broad exclusion of source galaxies, thereby improving the total constraining power of cluster mass calibration via weak lensing., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures; submitted to MNNRAS
Published: 2019

46. Measurement of the splashback feature around SZ-selected Galaxy clusters with DES, SPT, and ACT

Author: Ofer Lahav, J. Carretero, David Brooks, M. Smith, R. C. Smith, B. Flaugher, Risa H. Wechsler, J. Gschwend, Daniel Gruen, Marcelle Soares-Santos, A. E. Evrard, T. N. Varga, Marcos Lima, Lindsey Bleem, J. P. Dietrich, L. N. da Costa, T. M. Crawford, Laura Newburgh, Jeff McMahon, D. W. Gerdes, David J. James, M. E.C. Swanson, Edward J. Wollack, K. Honscheid, V. Scarpine, L. A. Page, J. C. Hill, Z. Zhang, Antony A. Stark, Pablo Fosalba, Michael D. Niemack, K. Bechtol, Eli S. Rykoff, Federico Nati, Chihway Chang, A. K. Romer, Sebastian Bocquet, Carlos E. Cunha, G. Gutierrez, Eric J. Baxter, Simone Aiola, M. A. G. Maia, George Stein, Suzanne T. Staggs, Jennifer L. Marshall, C. J. Miller, Nick Battaglia, Ramon Miquel, P. Doel, John E. Carlstrom, R. H. Schindler, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Tim Eifler, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Shantanu Desai, F. J. Castander, S. Patil, Zhilei Xu, Felipe Menanteau, Andrey V. Kravtsov, A. G. Kim, Steve K. Choi, Sigurd Naess, Loïc Maurin, Megan Gralla, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Thomas McClintock, Gregory Tarle, Nikhel Gupta, A. Carnero Rosell, Ben Hoyle, E. J. Sanchez, S. P. Ho, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Flavia Sobreira, Elisabeth Krause, B. Partridge, S. Adhikari, Tesla E. Jeltema, Christian L. Reichardt, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, Bradford Benson, J. DeRose, E. Suchyta, Eduardo Rozo, Matt Hilton, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, D. L. Burke, A. van Engelen, J. De Vicente, Kyler Kuehn, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Jo Dunkley, Joseph J. Mohr, John P. Hughes, A. A. Plazas, W. G. Hartley, T. Shin, Bhuvnesh Jain, J. R. Bond, M. Carrasco Kind, David Rapetti, Enrique Gaztanaga, Hao-Yi Wu, Mark Brodwin, Shin, T, Adhikari, S, Baxter, E, Chang, C, Jain, B, Battaglia, N, Bleem, L, Bocquet, S, Derose, J, Gruen, D, Hilton, M, Kravtsov, A, Mcclintock, T, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Varga, T, Wechsler, R, Wu, H, Zhang, Z, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Bechtol, K, Benson, B, Bertin, E, Bond, J, Brodwin, M, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, D, Carlstrom, J, Rosell, A, Kind, M, Carretero, J, Castander, F, Choi, S, Cunha, C, Crawford, T, Da Costa, L, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Devlin, M, Dietrich, J, Doel, P, Dunkley, J, Eifler, T, Evrard, A, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Gallardo, P, Garcia-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, D, Gralla, M, Gruendl, R, Gschwend, J, Gupta, N, Gutierrez, G, Hartley, W, Hill, J, Ho, S, Hollowood, D, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, James, D, Jeltema, T, Kim, A, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Madhavacheril, M, Maia, M, Marshall, J, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Menanteau, F, Miller, C, Miquel, R, Mohr, J, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Ogando, R, Page, L, Partridge, B, Patil, S, Plazas, A, Rapetti, D, Reichardt, C, Romer, A, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Serrano, S, Smith, M, Smith, R, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Staggs, S, Stark, A, Stein, G, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, Van Engelen, A, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, ACT, and SPT
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], 01 natural sciences, Cosmology: observation, Cosmology, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, STFC, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Galaxies: evolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, evolution [Galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, South Pole Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), cosmology: observations, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Halo, Galaxies: clusters: general, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a detection of the splashback feature around galaxy clusters selected using their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) signal. Recent measurements of the splashback feature around optically selected galaxy clusters have found that the splashback radius, $r_{\rm sp}$, is smaller than predicted by N-body simulations. A possible explanation for this discrepancy is that $r_{\rm sp}$ inferred from the observed radial distribution of galaxies is affected by selection effects related to the optical cluster-finding algorithms. We test this possibility by measuring the splashback feature in clusters selected via the SZ effect in data from the South Pole Telescope SZ survey and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter survey. The measurement is accomplished by correlating these clusters with galaxies detected in the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 data. The SZ observable used to select clusters in this analysis is expected to have a tighter correlation with halo mass and to be more immune to projection effects and aperture-induced biases than optically selected clusters. We find that the measured $r_{\rm sp}$ for SZ-selected clusters is consistent with the expectations from simulations, although the small number of SZ-selected clusters makes a precise comparison difficult. In agreement with previous work, when using optically selected redMaPPer clusters, $r_{\rm sp}$ is $\sim$ $2\sigma$ smaller than in the simulations. These results motivate detailed investigations of selection biases in optically selected cluster catalogs and exploration of the splashback feature around larger samples of SZ-selected clusters. Additionally, we investigate trends in the galaxy profile and splashback feature as a function of galaxy color, finding that blue galaxies have profiles close to a power law with no discernible splashback feature, which is consistent with them being on their first infall into the cluster., Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures, published in MNRAS
Published: 2019

47. Methods for cluster cosmology and application to the SDSS in preparation for DES Year 1 release

Author: G. Gutierrez, Melanie Simet, Marcos Lima, Xi Chen, A. Roodman, David J. James, Sunayana Bhargava, Tommaso Giannantonio, Pablo Fosalba, K. Bechtol, Eli S. Rykoff, M. Smith, Jennifer L. Marshall, A. A. Plazas, Christopher J. Miller, Daniel Gruen, A. Bermeo-Hernandez, Yanxi Zhang, M. E. C. Swanson, Tim Eifler, Arya Farahi, Huan Lin, Martin Crocce, J. Carretero, Santiago Avila, Filipe B. Abdalla, J. De Vicente, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Carlos E. Cunha, Peter Doel, Elisabeth Krause, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, A. von der Linden, A. Carnero Rosell, J. DeRose, Flavia Sobreira, H. T. Diehl, Rafe Schindler, David J. Brooks, Joshua A. Frieman, Tesla E. Jeltema, D. W. Gerdes, Eduardo Rozo, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, R. L. C. Ogando, Ramon Miquel, V. Scarpine, W. G. Hartley, T. McClintock, C. Davis, N. Kuropatkin, T. N. Varga, J. Gschwend, M. March, Devon L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Adam Mantz, L. N. da Costa, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Enrique Gaztanaga, E. Suchyta, S. W. Allen, Risa H. Wechsler, D. L. Burke, Jochen Weller, M. Carrasco Kind, Kyler Kuehn, T. M. C. Abbott, Robert A. Gruendl, E. J. Sanchez, Ben Hoyle, Paul Giles, M. A. G. Maia, M. Costanzi, B. Flaugher, A. K. Romer, Paul Martini, Joseph J. Mohr, Juan Estrada, Michael Schubnell, K. Honscheid, Erin Sheldon, Felipe Menanteau, G. Tarle, August E. Evrard, Costanzi, M., Rozo, E., Simet, M., Zhang, Y., Evrard, A. E., Mantz, A., Rykoff, E. S., Jeltema, T., Gruen, D., Allen, S., Mcclintock, T., Romer, A. K., von der Linden, A., Farahi, A., Derose, J., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., Giles, P., Hollowood, D. L., Bhargava, S., Bermeo-Hernandez, A., Chen, X., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., da Costa, L. N., Davis, C., de Vicente, J., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Estrada, J., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, P., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Ogando, R. L. C., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., and Wechsler, R. H.
Subjects: Cosmological parameter, Large-scale structure of Universe, Cosmological parameters, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Cosmology, symbols.namesake, Nucleosynthesis, 0103 physical sciences, Planck, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QC, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: clusters: general, Redshift, Baryon, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, Dark energy, Neutrino, CLUSTERS
Abstract: We perform the first blind analysis of cluster abundance data. Specifically, we derive cosmological constraints from the abundance and weak-lensing signal of \redmapper\ clusters of richness $\lambda\geq 20$ in the redshift range $z\in[0.1,0.3]$ as measured in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We simultaneously fit for cosmological parameters and the richness--mass relation of the clusters. For a flat $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model with massive neutrinos, we find $S_8 \equiv \sigma_{8}(\Omega_m/0.3)^{0.5}=0.79^{+0.05}_{-0.04}$. This value is both consistent and competitive with that derived from cluster catalogues selected in different wavelengths. Our result is also consistent with the combined probes analyses by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS), and with the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies as measured by \planck. We demonstrate that the cosmological posteriors are robust against variation of the richness--mass relation model and to systematics associated with the calibration of the selection function. In combination with Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data and Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) data, we constrain the Hubble rate to be $h=0.66\pm 0.02$, independent of the CMB. Future work aimed at improving our understanding of the scatter of the richness--mass relation has the potential to significantly improve the precision of our cosmological posteriors. The methods described in this work were developed for use in the forthcoming analysis of cluster abundances in the DES. Our SDSS analysis constitutes the first part of a staged-unblinding analysis of the full DES data set.
Published: 2019

48. Mass variance from archival X-ray properties of Dark Energy Survey Year-1 galaxy clusters

Author: Peter Doel, Elisabeth Krause, David J. James, Alistair R. Walker, Pablo Fosalba, H. T. Diehl, Douglas L. Tucker, J. Carretero, Jochen Weller, Pedro T. P. Viana, Kyler Kuehn, E. J. Sanchez, Paul Giles, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Eli S. Rykoff, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, N. Kuropatkin, Shantanu Desai, J. P. Dietrich, Ramon Miquel, Adam Mantz, L. N. da Costa, Mathew Smith, M. Carrasco Kind, A. Bermeo, C. Vergara Cervantes, Daniel Thomas, Marcos Lima, E. Buckley-Geer, Xi Chen, V. Scarpine, R. L. C. Ogando, Tesla E. Jeltema, Sunayana Bhargava, Michael Schubnell, Joshua A. Frieman, G. Gutierrez, Robert G. Mann, Jennifer L. Marshall, J. Gschwend, K. Honscheid, Enrique Gaztanaga, M. Costanzi, Yanxi Zhang, Julian A. Mayers, A. K. Romer, August E. Evrard, Arya Farahi, Flavia Sobreira, S. Serrano, Felipe Menanteau, B. Flaugher, John P. Stott, Gregory Tarle, R. D. Wilkinson, A. Carnero Rosell, S. Everett, P. Rooney, D. L. Burke, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Martin Sahlén, Chris A. Collins, Eduardo Rozo, J. Annis, Robert A. Gruendl, Vinu Vikram, J. De Vicente, E. Suchyta, Matt Hilton, Santiago Avila, Devon L. Hollowood, Andrew R. Liddle, Francisco J. Castander, A. A. Plazas, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, M. A. G. Maia, Peter Melchior, Farahi, A., Chen, X., Evrard, A. E., Hollowood, D. L., Wilkinson, R., Bhargava, S., Giles, P., Romer, A. K., Jeltema, T., Hilton, M., Bermeo, A., Mayers, J., Vergara Cervantes, C., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E. S., Collins, C., Costanzi, M., Everett, S., Liddle, A. R., Mann, R. G., Mantz, A., Rooney, P., Sahlen, M., Stott, J., Viana, P. T. P., Zhang, Y., Annis, J., Avila, S., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., da Costa, L. N., de Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Plazas, A. A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Vikram, V., Walker, A. R., and Weller, J.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.GA, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Scaling, STFC, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QC, Galaxy cluster, QB, Confidence region, Physics, clusters: general - X-rays: galaxies: clusters [Galaxies], RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Covariance, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Log-normal distribution, astro-ph.CO, Galaxies: clusters: general - X-rays: galaxies: clusters, galaxies: clusters [X-rays], Halo, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Using archival X-ray observations and a log-normal population model, we estimate constraints on the intrinsic scatter in halo mass at fixed optical richness for a galaxy cluster sample identified in Dark Energy Survey Year-One (DES-Y1) data with the redMaPPer algorithm. We examine the scaling behavior of X-ray temperatures, $T_X$, with optical richness, $\lambda_{RM}$, for clusters in the redshift range $0.2 50\%$ complete for clusters with $\lambda_{RM} > 130$. Regression analysis on the two samples produces consistent posterior scaling parameters, from which we derive a combined constraint on the residual scatter, $\sigma_{\ln Tx | \lambda} = 0.275 \pm 0.019$. Joined with constraints for $T_X$ scaling with halo mass from the Weighing the Giants program and richness--temperature covariance estimates from the LoCuSS sample, we derive the richness-conditioned scatter in mass, $\sigma_{\ln M | \lambda} = 0.30 \pm 0.04\, _{({\rm stat})} \pm 0.09\, _{({\rm sys})}$, at an optical richness of approximately 70. Uncertainties in external parameters, particularly the slope and variance of the $T_X$--mass relation and the covariance of $T_X$ and $\lambda_{RM}$ at fixed mass, dominate the systematic error. The $95\%$ confidence region from joint sample analysis is relatively broad, $\sigma_{\ln M | \lambda} \in [0.14, \, 0.55]$, or a factor ten in variance., Comment: 14 pages. Main results are Figure 3, 5, and 6, Table 2, and Equation 9. Submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome
Published: 2019

49. First cosmology results using Type IA supernovae from the dark energy survey:: effects of chromatic corrections to supernova photometry on measurements of cosmological parameters

Author: J. Carretero, Jennifer L. Marshall, Tamara M. Davis, Brad E. Tucker, Samuel Hinton, David Brooks, G. Gutierrez, J. De Vicente, Flavia Sobreira, M. Carrasco Kind, Elisabeth Krause, A. G. Kim, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, V. Scarpine, Alistair R. Walker, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Anais Möller, E. Bertin, Joshua A. Frieman, Marcelle Soares-Santos, K. Honscheid, Mark Sullivan, Douglas L. Tucker, J. Annis, B. Flaugher, F. J. Castander, Kyler Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, Daniel Scolnic, S. Kent, J. K. Hoormann, C. Davis, A. Carnero Rosell, Mathew Smith, P. Martini, J. Gschwend, M. E. C. Swanson, C. J. Miller, C. B. D'Andrea, R. C. Smith, Enrique Gaztanaga, T. M. C. Abbott, W. C. Wester, E. Swann, J. Calcino, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Felipe Menanteau, E. J. Sanchez, David J. James, Bruce A. Bassett, Edward Macaulay, Gregory Tarle, Tenglin Li, Santiago Avila, H. T. Diehl, Ramon Miquel, P. Doel, Juan Garcia-Bellido, L. N. da Costa, Daniel Gruen, Daniela Carollo, K. Bechtol, Eli S. Rykoff, D. L. Burke, M. A. G. Maia, D. J. Brout, E. Suchyta, C. Lidman, J. Lasker, A. A. Plazas, Marcos Lima, M. Sako, D. L. Hollowood, Richard Kessler, Richard G. Kron, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and DES
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, general [Supernovae], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Photometry (optics), techniques: photometric, symbols.namesake, supernovae: general, 0103 physical sciences, Dark energy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], dark energy, observations [Cosmology], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Friedmann equations, photometric [Techniques], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, SATÉLITES ARTIFICIAIS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Baryon, Supernova, Distance modulus, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, symbols, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Calibration uncertainties have been the leading systematic uncertainty in recent analyses using type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) to measure cosmological parameters. To improve the calibration, we present the application of Spectral Energy Distribution (SED)-dependent "chromatic corrections" to the supernova light-curve photometry from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). These corrections depend on the combined atmospheric and instrumental transmission function for each exposure, and they affect photometry at the 0.01 mag (1%) level, comparable to systematic uncertainties in calibration and photometry. Fitting our combined DES and low-z SN Ia sample with Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) priors for the cosmological parameters $\Omega_{\rm m}$ (the fraction of the critical density of the universe comprised of matter) and w (the dark energy equation of state parameter), we compare those parameters before and after applying the corrections. We find the change in w and $\Omega_{\rm m}$ due to not including chromatic corrections are -0.002 and 0.000, respectively, for the DES-SN3YR sample with BAO and CMB priors, consistent with a larger DES-SN3YR-like simulation, which has a w-change of 0.0005 with an uncertainty of 0.008 and an $\Omega_{\rm m}$ change of 0.000 with an uncertainty of 0.002 . However, when considering samples on individual CCDs we find large redshift-dependent biases (approximately 0.02 in distance modulus) for supernova distances., Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Published: 2019

50. Cosmological lensing ratios with DES Y1, SPT and Planck

Author: M. A. G. Maia, Shantanu Desai, C. L. Chang, J. D. Hrubes, J. De Vicente, Erik Shirokoff, Antony A. Stark, A. Alarcon, H. T. Diehl, Erin Sheldon, David Brooks, David Bacon, M. E. C. Swanson, Andrina Nicola, Alistair R. Walker, Markus Rau, Marcelle Soares-Santos, T. Natoli, N. W. Halverson, Niall MacCrann, Y. Omori, J. E. Ruhl, Flavia Sobreira, David J. James, H-M. Cho, Pablo Fosalba, K. Vanderlinde, Marcos Lima, Kyler Kuehn, Ben Hoyle, Joseph J. Mohr, M. A. Dobbs, E. Suchyta, E. M. Leitch, O. Friedrich, M. Smith, Adrian T. Lee, Lloyd Knox, Daniel Gruen, Vinu Vikram, August E. Evrard, Jennifer L. Marshall, Filipe B. Abdalla, M. Gatti, Richard G. Kron, J. Prat, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, S. S. Meyer, Peter Melchior, R. Cawthon, K. T. Story, N. L. Harrington, Robert A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, C. Pryke, B. Flaugher, L. M. Mocanu, G. Simard, D. W. Gerdes, Tesla E. Jeltema, G. P. Holder, Daniel Thomas, Bhuvnesh Jain, Michael Troxel, Christian L. Reichardt, J. Carretero, Matt J. Jarvis, T. de Haan, Z. Hou, P. Vielzeuf, Bradford Benson, Tim Eifler, V. Scarpine, T. M. Crawford, J. Annis, C. J. Miller, Daniel P. Marrone, E. Bertin, R. Williamson, C. Davis, N. Kuropatkin, J. T. Sayre, M. Carrasco Kind, L. N. da Costa, R. Chown, A. Pujol, Ofer Lahav, K. Aylor, K. K. Schaffer, J. Gschwend, Gary Bernstein, A. K. Romer, D. Luong-Van, W. B. Everett, Enrique Gaztanaga, Elisabeth Krause, Ramon Miquel, P. Doel, S. Serrano, Jochen Weller, W. L. Holzapfel, C. Sánchez, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Scott Dodelson, Santiago Avila, Chihway Chang, Carlos E. Cunha, A. T. Crites, Joe Zuntz, B. Mawdsley, Lindsey Bleem, A. Manzotti, Z. K. Staniszewski, W. G. Hartley, S. Samuroff, T. Shin, Stephen Padin, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, Felipe Menanteau, A. A. Plazas, Oliver Zahn, Gregory Tarle, Joaquin Vieira, Eli S. Rykoff, D. L. Burke, John E. Carlstrom, Eric J. Baxter, Jeff McMahon, K. Honscheid, Elizabeth George, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, and SPT
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, gravitational lensing: weak, 0103 physical sciences, LENTES GRAVITACIONAIS, Planck, cosmological parameters, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Photometric redshift, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Matter power spectrum, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, South Pole Telescope, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, Dark energy, symbols, astro-ph.CO, large-scale structure of Universe, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Correlations between tracers of the matter density field and gravitational lensing are sensitive to the evolution of the matter power spectrum and the expansion rate across cosmic time. Appropriately defined ratios of such correlation functions, on the other hand, depend only on the angular diameter distances to the tracer objects and to the gravitational lensing source planes. Because of their simple cosmological dependence, such ratios can exploit available signal-to-noise down to small angular scales, even where directly modeling the correlation functions is difficult. We present a measurement of lensing ratios using galaxy position and lensing data from the Dark Energy Survey, and CMB lensing data from the South Pole Telescope and Planck, obtaining the highest precision lensing ratio measurements to date. Relative to the concordance $\Lambda$CDM model, we find a best fit lensing ratio amplitude of $A = 1.1 \pm 0.1$. We use the ratio measurements to generate cosmological constraints, focusing on the curvature parameter. We demonstrate that photometrically selected galaxies can be used to measure lensing ratios, and argue that future lensing ratio measurements with data from a combination of LSST and Stage-4 CMB experiments can be used to place interesting cosmological constraints, even after considering the systematic uncertainties associated with photometric redshift and galaxy shear estimation., Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2019

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