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Atualmente, fontes de luz polarizada encontram diversas aplicações em dispositivos optoeletrônicos, “displays”, em testes de tensões em peças mecânicas e até em estudos de mineralogia. Uma das principais necessidades é determinar o estado de polarização (linear, circular, elíptico, ou uma sobreposição destes) do feixe luminoso. Para este fim, aplicamos neste trabalho a técnica de Elipsometria de Emissão para investigar os estados de polarização de diferentes fontes de luz. Esta técnica está baseada na teoria de Stokes e os tipos de polarização estão correlacionados aos parâmetros de Stokes. Realizamos medidas em feixes de luz proveniente de um LASER polarizado, um LASER polarizado passando por um defasador quarto de onda a ± 45° (polarização circular), um LED despolarizado e, esse mesmo LED, com sua luz refletida sobre uma placa de vidro em diversos ângulos e inclusive no ângulo de Brewster. A montagem experimental é composta de um defasador quarto de onda, um polarizador linear e um detector de luz. Os resultados obtidos apresentaram um desvio de aproximadamente 1% em relação à polarização conhecida das fontes de luz. Desta maneira, foi possível constatar que a técnica de Elipsometria de Emissão pode ser aplicada para se determinar a polarização da luz proveniente de fontes luminosas em geral.

Luminescent LnIII complexes incorporated in polymeric films exhibit narrow emission bands and absorption within the near-UV/blue spectral range, and enhanced phostability, which qualify them to be explored for solid-state lighting.

A systematic study of the application of self-assembly monolayers (SAMs) onto electron and hole transporting layers for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) stability is reported. Cs0.05FA0.83MA0.17Pb(I0.87Br0.13)3 (FMC) perovskite films were deposited onto tin oxide (SnO2) and nickel oxide (NiOx) layers that were functionalized with ethylphosphonic acid (EPA) and 4-bromobenzoic acid (BBA) SAMs. X-ray diffractometry measurements were performed on these films shortly after they were deposited. The diffractograms agree with the positions reported in the literature for the crystal structure of the FMC. The results show that the deposition of SAMs on the metal oxide layers yields positive improvements in the FMC film stability and in the device stability when using FMC as the active layer. The work shows that by adopting SAMs, the long-term stability of PSCs cells under accelerated test conditions can be enhanced, and this provides one step on the way to making this technology a commercial reality.

Through luminescence downshifting (LDS) effect, high energy solar radiation is converted to a wavelength region where the response of the photovoltaic devices is better. Additionally, LDS layers deposited on organic materials-based devices could provide a protective feature for the atmospheric agents, like ultraviolet photons, oxygen and moisture, that cause material degradation. This work reports an optimization procedure for the optical properties of a LDS layer composed by the organic dye commercially called Kremer Blue dispersed on poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) inert matrix. With optimized values for photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and absorbance parameters, this LDS layer became an efficient, low cost UV filter for solar cells based on poly (3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]‐phenyl C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PC61BM) blend, at the same time that provoked a significant increasing (around 6%) in the device's photocurrent production. Such optimization procedure can be applied to other materials that could be candidates as luminescence down-shifters for the various photovoltaic technologies currently available.

In this work we have studied the emissions from luminescent polymeric blends, aiming to obtain a white emission. Two of the materials, a polyfluorene derivative matrix poly(9,9-dihexyl-2,7-fluorene) (LaPPS 10, labeled as L10) and a polyvinylene-derivative guest (poly[(9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluorene-2,7-diyl)-1,2-ethenediyl-1,4-phenylene-1,2-ethenediyl] (LaPPS 16—L16), have not been extensively studied. The L10 was used as a matrix (host) and the L16 as a dopant (guest). A commercial polyvinylene (MDMO-PPV) was also used as a dopant. In order to achieve the white emission, it is necessary to control the energy transfer among the components of the blend. The emissions of solutions were analyzed, varying the concentration of the materials. From that, solutions of polymeric blends of L10:L16 (at different ratios) were spincoated, forming solid state films. The emission of these binary blend films were monitored as a function of the guest concentration. Therefore, in order to cover the red region of the visible spectrum, MDMO-PPV was added to the initial blend, forming a ternary blend (L10:L16:MDMO-PPV). The emissions of these blend films were studied, varying the concentration of the MDMO-PPV. Using the optimal results for the material ratios of these ternary blends, aiming for the white emission, electroluminescent devices were produced and the electroluminescence was studied. A whitish emission was obtained with the 97.5:0.5:2.0 blend, leading to the CIE coordinates 0.31:0.36.

This study analyzed the interfaces between poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) on an Au substrate (Au/P3HT) and on Au coated with poly(3,4-ethyldioxythiophene) doped with poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (Au/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT). The different morphologies on the nanostructured Au surface were obtained by applying cyclic potentials using cyclic voltammetry to produce different interfaces in the two systems studied. Under atomic force microscopy (AFM), the number of potential activation cycles was found to produce different roughnesses on the surfaces of the Au electrodes. The interfaces formed were examined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to identify charge transfer processes for the different segments of the P3HT. The systems were characterized optically by measuring photoluminescence (PL), emission decay time and photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). It was observed that the differences in the surface morphologies of the substrates significantly influenced the electrical and optical properties of the P3HT at the interfaces.

The polymer Poly[tris(2,5-bis(hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene)-alt-(1,3-phenylenevinylene)] (PTDPV) has a broad range of visible emission extending from green to red, and thus may be useful for obtaining a white light emitting blend. Nevertheless, the amount of works found in the literature dealing with the optical emission properties of PTDPV is very small. In this work, we performed a study of the optical properties of this material using photoluminescence and of the vibrational properties using Raman and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. At the same time, we use the Density Functional Theory (DFT) method to calculate the optical, vibrational and molecular properties of PTDPV. We have obtained the best DFT results using a hybrid functional and a simple basis set (DFT / B3LYP and 6–31 g *), without addition of correction or polarization factors (+). To reach these conclusions, we compared the HOMO and LUMO values obtained via DFT with those found in the literature. Furthermore, the Raman and IR simulations obtained using this basis set were compared with the experimental results of the PTDPV, showing great agreement. From the vibrational modes obtained, it was possible, using the Lin model [ [1] , [2] , [3] ], based on the Franck Condon approximations, to reconstruct the photoluminescence spectrum of the PTDPV. Based on these reconstructed spectra, it was possible to establish the contribution of the different vibrational modes to the vibronic emissions of the photoluminescence spectrum. The quality of the reconstruction obtained with the DFT results and that obtained with the experimental ones are very close, showing the possibility of using in this reconstruction the calculated vibrational modes when the experimental ones are not available. To demonstrate the application of this material, PFO:PTDPV blends were prepared, with which white photoluminescence was obtained. OLEDs prepared with these blends, in suitable proportions, emitted white light using low excitation power, demonstrating the feasibility of using PTDPV in OLEDs for lighting, which could be prepared by solution on large areas.

Mixtures of luminescence downshifting (LDS) materials has been used to increase the efficiency of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PC61BM) bulk heterojunction solar cell. This layers convert more energetic photons to lower energies that are better matched with wavelength peak of the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of a P3HT:PC61BM solar cell. Experimental studies were used to optimise the optical properties of LDS layers including the maximum of absorbance and the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). To provide the significant improvements, combinations of LDS mixtures were prepared to provide the greatest absorption and PLQY. The approach is shown to simultaneously improve the photocurrent and increase the lifetime of the device by absorbing UV light. By optimising the optical properties of the LDS mixture, a relative increase of about 20% in the photocurrent density produced by the P3HT:PCBM cell could be achieved, which to our knowledge is one of the most significant reported for OPVs.

Segregation is an effect observed when CH3NH3Pb(I1-xBrx)3 mixed perovskites are illuminated with photon energy greater than their band gap. It is concerned to the formation of low band-gap I-rich domains that constitute attractive centers for the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, causing a significant red-shift of photoluminescence of the material with consequences for the operation of optoelectronic devices, such as light emitting diodes and photovoltaic cells. This effect is commonly observed as reversible, with a spontaneous remixing of the halogens occurring when the material is left in the dark. While the segregation process is already relatively well documented in the literature, much less attention has been paid to the causes and understanding of the remixing process. In this work are presented results that demonstrate the strong dependence of the remixing with the pressure to which the material is submitted. When the perovskite film is subjected to low pressure, it is noticed that the maximum displacement of PL during the dark time is significantly lower than in the case of the film at ambient pressure, indicating that under low pressure the remixing process is hampered. The dependence of the remixing process with the pressure can be used in new hybrid perovskite applications, such as in photoinscription to memory storage.

White light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) were prepared from easily processable materials, well known in the literature (PFO and P3OT), with the intention of exploring the blueshift of the P3OT emission, when in low concentration, in blends with PFO in beta phase. The photoluminescence (PL) study, through donor excitation, of PFO:P3OT blends with different relative concentrations, served as basis for comparing and predicting the behavior of these blends when excited via carrier injection. Despite the good PL results, the white emission of the PFO:P3OT blends with low P3OT concentration was not replicable via electroluminescence (EL), due to the lack of a more intense green component. To circumvent this problem, new PFO:P3OT blends were prepared with the insertion of CdSe(ZnS) quantum dots (QDs), which have green emission. With this new composition, the devices presented white emission (0.33:0.33) at low voltages and current (8 V, 0.250 mA). For the PFO:CdSe(ZnS):P3OT devices, the change in the applied voltage also showed the possibility of tuning the emission of these structures. Therefore, this blend is very attractive to make solution processed, low cost, large area, and flexible lighting panels.

The density functional theory (DFT) simulation method has been highlighted in last years, due to its ability to predict optical, electronic and molecular properties of different materials, presenting good agreement with experimental results. In this work, we conducted a study of the structural and optical properties of the copolymer poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(4,4′-( N -(4-sec-butylphenyl)diphenylamine)] (TFB) which appears with great emphasis in the literature being applied mainly as hole transporting and electron blocking layer in devices. Raman and FT-IR measurements were taken, and the obtained results were compared with those calculated via DFT method (DFT/B3LYP and 6–31g*). The comparison between experimental and DFT results were performed, and a good agreement between both results was observed, showing discrepancy lower than 7% for the vibrational peak positions, in energy. Also, photoluminescence (PL) measurements were performed at room and liquid nitrogen temperature. The PL spectra were reconstructed via Franck Condon, through the Huang-Rhys parameters, by using the vibrational modes obtained both experimentally and via DFT. This procedure allowed to determine the contribution of the different vibrational modes to the photoluminescence vibronic bands.

Organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) have a shorter working lifespan and lower power conversion efficiency if compared to traditional silicon-based solar cells. Intending to increase the lifespan and improve the performance of OPVs, in this work we have applied a layer of Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) Quantum Dots (QDs) encapsulated in Zinc Sulfide (CdS/ZnS) to act as a luminescence down-shifting (LDS) layer in poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT):phenyl-C61-butyric-acid-methyl ester (PCBM) organic solar cell. The QDs were synthesized by the hot injection route and deposited by casting on a device with ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PCBM/Al structure. OPVs with and without the LDS layer of QDs were tested over time of exposure to the illumination of an AM1.5 solar simulator. The results showed that in the cells with the QDs layer, there was an increase in Open Circuit Voltage (Voc), Short Circuit Current Density (Jsc), Fill Factor (FF), and Power Conversion Efficiency (η), after 70 min of exposure, reaching a peak of these parameter values around 120 min of light exposure, while in the cells without the LDS layer, these parameters have decreased over the entire exposure time. This behavior was explained taking into account the improvement of the photoluminescence (PL) yield by the QDs film and the illumination process.

The application of luminescent down shifting (LDS) layers as alternative UV filters for CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3(1-x) Cl 3x perovskite solar cell (PSC) devices is reported. A combination of photo-absorption measurements and of device decay measurements during light soaking are used to verify the stability. The application of a UV filter or LDS layer was able to significantly retard photo-induced degradation with ∼18% drop in device power conversion efficiency (PCE) observed over 30 h for non-encapsulated devices, which is compared to ∼97% for an un-filtered device, also without encapsulation. Whilst the PCE of the PSC device decreases with the application of the LDS layer, the drop is not as significant as when a commercial UV filter is used. Considering that UV filters will be essential for the commercialization of PSCs, the work provides evidence that the LDS layer can act as an alternative UV filter in PSCs and can limit the drop in PCE that can be expected from the inclusion of a UV filter, thus providing an added benefit over commercial UV filters.

A systematic study of luminescence from blends made of poly (9, 9-dioctylfluorene-2, 7-diyl) (PFO) and poly (3-octylthiophene-2, 5-diyl) (P3OT), and its photophysics was carried out. Acceptor concentration influence and sample preparation conditions was analyzed, particularly regarding the solvent, in order to control emission through the entire visible spectrum, and to understand the physical processes involved. An additional emission band observed in PFO:P3OT films with low concentration of P3OT was studied through confocal luminescence microscopy and was attributed to a decrease of energy transfer between P3OT molecules leading to an emission through chains with smaller conjugation length. The extra emission was also separated from the others by Time Resolved Emission Spectroscopy due to the fact that its lifetime is longer than those of the other emissions. Balance control of the emission through PFO (blue), low conjugation chains of P3OT (green) and P3OT aggregates (red) was possible changing the solvent and the way to prepare samples, that causes a greater or lesser amount of β phase in PFO. The study of the energy processes involved was also performed.

Understanding chemical reactions in bacterial cellulose (BC) films is important to control the insertion of biomolecules that can improve their biomedical properties. Diphenyltetrazole molecules are able to react with tiols under UV irradiation and has been useful for immobilize proteins on different materials. In this work, we show the functionalization of a BC film with diphenyltetrazole and subsequent attempts of conjugation of the bovine serum albumin (BSA) to it. Diphenyltetrazole was synthesized in two steps, and functionalization of it with BC was carried out under ultrasound irradiation. Spectroscopic analysis of the film by UV–Vis and FTIR confirmed the success of the reaction. Attempts to conjugate BSA to the modified cellulose film by photoclick reaction failed under these conditions. Although this methodology is important in the conjugation of biomolecules, we understand that its application in cellulosic materials in heterogeneous phase is disadvantaged due to the half-life of the unstable intermediate and the biomolecule's access to it.

In the present paper it is demonstrated that the bound electronic states of multiple quantum wells structures may be calculated very efficiently by expanding their eigenstates in terms of the eigenfunctions of a particle in a box. The bound states of single and multiple symmetric or nonsymmetric wells are calculated within the single-band effective mass approximation. A comparison is then made between the results obtained for simple cases with exact calculations. We also apply our approach to a GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well structure composed of forty periods each one with seven quantum wells. The method may be very useful to design narrow band quantum cascade photodetectors to work without applied bias in a photovoltaic mode. With the presented method the effects of a electric field may also be easily included which is very important if one desires study quantum well structures for application to the development of quantum cascade lasers. The advantages of the method are also presented.

During the last few years, great interest has been given to research in organic solar cells. Apart from the low cost techniques needed for the production of the active layers, the plasticity of these types of materials offers an additional benefit compared to traditional silicon-based solar cells. However, the commercialization of organic photovoltaic technologies is limited by rapid degradation and low efficiency. Recently, the use of luminescent down-shifting (LDS) films has been explored as a tool for increasing the external quantum efficiency of organic-based devices. A previously observed superposition in the emission–absorption spectra of Kremer blue (Kb) and Coumarin 7 (C7) dyes suggests that an energy transfer process can take place among these molecules. Decay time photoluminescence measurements in K b 100 − x C 7 x samples were carried out to confirm a Foster resonance energy transfer process. An optimization process following the design of experiments methodology was carried out to adjust the optical properties of K b 100 − x C 7 x films for applications in the P 3 H T: P C 61 B M organic photovoltaic device. An increment of 18.6% in the short circuit current density ( J s c) of P 3 H T: P C 61 B M devices coated with a K b 92.5 C 7 7.5 LDS film was observed. A degradation test shows a rapid drop in the electric current density of devices without the LDS film, which we attribute to the so-called burn-in, widely reported in the literature. For devices coated with the K b 92.5 C 7 7.5 LDS film, no rapid drop in the electric current density was observed, suggesting that the use of the luminescent layer mitigates the photoinduced burn-in loss.

Luminescent poly p-phenylene vinylene (PPV) thin films were produced by the layer-by-layer technique, using organic dyes as the counter ion. It was observed that, when dyes with azo groups are incorporated in the PPV polymeric chains, the fluorescence intensity can be substantially increased by the photo-irradiation of the film with a linearly polarized laser beam. The data show that such emission enhancement is due to the alignment of the dye molecules caused by the photo-isomerization of the azo groups. This process leads to an absorbance of the dyes that is dependent both of the photo-irradiation dose and the polarization direction of the irradiation source, which affects the fluorescence emitted by the polymer. Thus, the incorporation of azo dyes can be used to modulate the fluorescence response of polymeric thin films.

The optical properties of electrochemically synthesized P3HT films were studied. After the synthesis, the samples were divided into two groups: as prepared (P3HT-E) and the chemically reduced (dedoped) in a basic medium (P3HT-D). These films were characterized by photoluminescence (PL), Raman and photoluminescence time decay techniques. Comparing the PL spectra of the films, it is noted that P3HT-D has a higher PL intensity. The films were exposed to a continuously incident 405 laser and the PL spectra were monitored every 10 min. For both samples, the photoluminescence intensity along the photo-irradiation showed an increase, although the P3HT-E sample presented a greater increase. Regarding the Raman spectra before and after the photo-irradiation, it was noticed that for P3HT-D there were no changes, whereas P3HT-E showed significant changes. The Raman spectrum of P3HT-E sample at the photo-irradiated point was very similar to the Raman spectrum of P3HT-D. Thus, it was proposed that laser irradiation induces a reduction process similar to chemical reduction. Although both processes lead to an increase in the PL intensity, there is a difference in the position of the emission bands. Unlike chemical doping, the photoreduction does not remove the charge transfer complexes of the polymer matrix, but only breaks their bond with the backbone chain. From the data of PL decay, it was observed that in the film P3HT-E, there was a predominance of longer times, evidencing the presence of barriers for the energy transfer, while, for the P3HT-D, the contribution of shorter decay times predominates, evidencing a greater energy transfer between the chains.

Self-assembled cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin solid films were synthesized by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique for different deposition times (20 min.–24 h) on transparent and flexible polyester substrates using sodium acetate complex agent. CBD-CdS films were also deposited on glass (BK7) and quartz substrates, as reference. CBD-CdS films on polyester substrate showed a homogeneous deposition, reduction of chemical or structural defects (green emission), and large photoluminescence efficiency in comparison of CBD-CdS films deposited on Si-based substrates. Simulation of PL temperature dependence for polyester CdS films using the rate equation for the carrier population showed the presence of two decay pathways due to cadmium and sulphide defects at crystallite.

In this work we studied the optical properties of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) produced by the thermal con- version of a precursor polymer blended with a synthetic dye (Reactive Black 5). The production of PPV by this method decreases the overall time and cost of the process. We observed that the introduction of the dye resulted in an additional absorbance band near 550-700 nm, which can be beneficial to the photon harvesting capacity of the polymer if it is used as the donor material in a photovoltaic device. We studied how the optical and structures properties of this blend change when different quantities of TiO2 nanoparticles are introduced. For that, thin films were produced by the cast deposition of pre- PPV:dye:TiO2. The scanning electronic microscopic images showed that the inorganic semiconductor form large agglomer- ates of approximately 200 nm, indicating a very rough surface where the dye can be adsorbed. The analysis of photolumi- nescence and Raman peaks indicated a reduction of the mean conjugation length of the polymer chains in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles.

Optical properties of self-assembled quantum dots (SAQDs) samples were investigated through photoluminescence (PL) with variation of temperature and excitation density. Two types of InAs SAQDs were studied: dots grown directly on GaAs, and dots grown inside an InGaAs quantum well, heterostructure known as dot-in-a-well (DWELL). The QDs structures were produced through conventional growth (with several deposition rates) as well as through pulsed growth mode, which consists in deposition cycles with growth interruption intervals. In the samples of QDs grown on GaAs, two PL peaks were identified and their behavior as a function of temperature can be explained by taking into account a bimodal distribution of dot sizes. For the DWELL sample only one PL peak was identified, which was assigned to the emission of the ground state of QDs belonging to a larger Gaussian distribution of dot sizes. SAQDs samples showed an anomalous behavior of the peak energy, integrated intensity and linewidth (FWHM) of the PL signal, as a function of temperature. To explain the observed results, a model was proposed that takes into account the size distribution of dots and the excited state emission of the family of larger dots. The QDs can be distributed in a bimodal size distribution, and the emission from the excited state can be observed, or not, depending on the growth conditions and on the potential profile of the dot. Such aspects can be combined to explain several peculiarities of the PL spectra observed in this and other published papers on SAQDs optical properties.

In this work we used different methods and parameters of deposition in order to obtain thin films of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) with different structural properties. These properties were characterized by measurements of absorbance, Raman scattering, and photoluminescence (PL) as a function of temperature. The analysis of experimental data allowed us to observe the dependence of optical spectra with the effective conjugation length and the interaction between the polymer chains. In particular, we were able to correlate the dependence of the PL line shape with temperature and the values of emission anisotropy factor of the films with the intra and interchains energy migration processes. These results led us to conclude that such processes are essential ingredients for a proper analysis of the optical response of thin films of conjugated polymers.

In the present paper the layer-by-layer self-assembly (LbL) technique was used to obtain poly( p -phenylenevinylene) (PPV) films exchanging the counter-ion Cl of the poly(xylylidene tetrahydrothiophenium) (PTHT ) precursor polymer by Congo Red (CR) azodye. The objective of the present paper is to study the azodye photoisomerization trans → cis → trans process as a function of the PPV thermal annealing procedure. The LbL PTHT/CR films were thermally converted into LbL PPV/CR films at low (110 °C) and conventional (230 °C) temperatures, and characterized through both absorption and emission techniques. We found that the unexpected emission band above 650 nm, attributed to the azodye, for LbL PPV/CR film thermally converted at lower temperature (110 °C) is an evidence of the considerable decrease of CR degradation in the polymeric matrix. Emission anisotropy and selective photoluminescence were carried out to characterize qualitatively the exciton energy transfer.

In this work, MEH-PPV and BDMO-PPV films were deposited by spin-coating on “dirty” textile substrates of canvas, nylon, canvas with resin, jeans and on glass and the temperature dependence of the optical properties of them was studied by photoluminescence and Raman (300 K) techniques. The temperature dependence of the energy, of the half line width at half height of the purely electronic peak, of the integrated PL intensity and of the Huang-Rhys factor, S = I (01) / I (00) , were obtained directly from the PL spectrum. For an analysis of the vibrational modes involved, Raman measurements were performed on substrates with and without polymers deposited and the results compared with those found in the literature. The films of MEH-PPV and BDMO-PPV showed optical properties similar to those films deposited on other substrates such as glass, metals, etc. It was observed an inversion of the first vibrational band in relation to the purely electronic peak with increasing temperature in the films deposited on nylon and canvas. The vibrational modes obtained by Raman were used to compose the simulation of the PL line shape of BDMO-PPV films on canvas and nylon, using a model proposed by Lin [29] .

In this work, poly (3-methylthiophene) (P3MT) and poly (3-octylthiophene) (P3OT) films were synthesized electrochemically in non-aqueous media through the oxidation of the monomers, (3-methylthiophene and 3-octylthiophene), using a standard three-electrode cell in acetonitrile with 0.100 mol L-1 LiClO4. The polymeric thin films were deposited on platinum plates for optimal quality control of the process. It was observed that the material as-prepared for the anodic electropolymerization undergoes a natural process of de-protonation as a function of time. Moreover, the partial dedoped form, obtained in NH4OH solution, presents a good chemically stabilite form but, when radiated with blue light again becomes unstable. Films obtained by these methods have been characterized by cyclic voltammetry, Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Both Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectra results led to the characterization of two structures (pristine and non-pristine forms of thiophene rings) which formed the P3MT and P3OT polymer chain. These results were associated with the stabilization of pristine chains and mixed chains (non-pristine structures), radical cation and dication forms, in the polymeric film. Their bands in the Raman and PL spectra are wide and asymmetric and their adjustments by Gaussian functions were necessary, indicating that there are three distinct contributions to the vibration and two to the emission spectra in the formed polymeric material.