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In this work, the device modeling of n-i-p architecture based on FTO/WSe2/ CsSn x Ge 1 - x I 3 x = 0.5 /Spiro-OMeTAD/Au was performed using solar cell capacitance simulator-one dimensional (SCAPS-1D) tool. All simulations were performed in the 1.5G AM sunlight spectrum. The effect of various parameters such as defect density, thickness of absorber layer and work function of contact electrode have been investigated. The effect of temperature, series and shunt resistance have also been analyzed. After optimization of photovoltaic parameters, we obtained power conversion efficiency 18.51%, fill factor 79.41%, open circuit voltage (Voc) 0.8458 V and short-circuit current density (Jsc) 27.562 mA/cm2. The modeling of CsSn x Ge 1 - x I 3 x = 0.5 based devices open the door for the fabrication of feasible and highly efficient perovskite solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artigo, que faz parte de um projeto de pesquisa: Espaço de trabalho matemático de professores do ensino médio e seu conhecimento tecnológico, pedagógico e de conteúdo matemático em geometria, que associa a formação de professores em exercício e o uso de tecnologia digital, tem como objetivo analisar o trabalho matemático dos professores e identificar as inter-relações entre o Espaço de Trabalho Matemático (MWS), o modelo de Conhecimento Tecnológico, Pedagógico e de Conteúdo (TPACK), em nosso caso matemático, e a História da Matemática para fornecer uma base mais consistente para a análise de pesquisas que reúnem esses aspectos.

Stone apple (Aegle marmelos L.) is a subtropical fruit tree of the Rutaceae family, highly valued in traditional medicine across the Indian subcontinent. We conceived this study with the objective of developing a comprehensive transcriptome dataset, identifying SSRs for marker-assisted breeding, and delineating regulators of gene expression, with a specific emphasis on non-coding RNA (ncRNA), particularly related to drought stress. To achieve this, RNA-seq was conducted using RNA pooled from various tissues, including roots, leaves, inflorescence, and developing seeds from stone apple, and the clean reads were assembled into 40,886 unigenes. Subsequently, the unigenes were categorized into gene ontology categories encompassing biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components. Within the unigenes, we identified a total of 9174 perfect simple sequence repeats (SSRs), 2167 transcription factors (TFs) distributed among 69 families, and 415 transcription regulators (TRs) across 27 families. Additionally, 19 microRNAs (miRNAs) from 12 families, 16,811 potential long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and six functional endogenous target mimics (eTMs) were detected. Analysis of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions unveiled multiple regulatory nodes, elucidating lncRNA/miRNA-driven gene expression control in stone apple. The increased co-expression of selected drought-related lncRNAs and their cognate target mRNAs supported the aforementioned findings under drought conditions. Overall, this study significantly advances our understanding of stone apple genomics and lays a foundation for future omics-based studies, thereby facilitating the deployment of climate-resilient strategies in the species.

Rhizopus delemar, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, causes a highly fatal disease, mucormycosis. Spore germination is a crucial mechanism for disease pathogenesis. Thus, exploring the molecular mechanisms of fungal germination would underpin our knowledge of such transformation and, in turn, help control mucormycosis. To gain insight into the developmental process particularly associated with cell wall modification and synthesis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed including both coding and non-coding transcripts identified in the current study, to find out the module of interest in the germination stages. The module-trait relationship identified a particular module to have a high correlation only at the resting phase and further analysis revealed the module to be enriched for protein phosphorylation, carbohydrate metabolic process, and cellular response to stimulus. Moreover, co-expression network analysis of highly connected nodes revealed cell wall modifying enzymes, especially those involved in mannosylation, chitin-glucan crosslinking, and polygalacturonase activities co-expressing and interacting with the novel lncRNAs among which some of them predicted to be endogenous target mimic (eTM) lncRNAs. Hence, the present study provides an insight into the onset of spore germination and the information on the novel non-coding transcripts with key cell wall–related enzymes as potential targets against mucormycosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photovoltaic performances of n-i-p or inverted p-i-n BaSi2 homojunction solar cells are limited by the parasitic high light absorption of n-BaSi2 or p-BaSi2 window layer. In this work, diverse electron transport materials (ETMs) and hole transport materials (HTMs) are employed instead of BaSi2 as window layers to promote the performances of BaSi2 solar cells, and the effects of different ETMs and HTMs were simulated and comprehensively studied. For n-ETM/i-BaSi2/p-BaSi2 solar cells, the solar cell with ZnO exhibits the highest efficiency of 28.21%. As increasing the thicknesses of ETM layer from 5 nm to 100 nm, the efficiency for n-BaSi2/i-BaSi2/p-BaSi2 solar cell decreases seriously from 24.52% to 15.99%, while the solar cells with wide band gap ETMs including SnO2, TiO2 and ZnO show neglectable change in performances. The performances n-ETM/i-BaSi2/p-BaSi2 solar cells are affected by donor like defects more than acceptor like defects in i-BaSi2. For p-HTM/i-BaSi2/n-BaSi2 solar cells, employing Cu2O, CuI, CuSCN or NiO as HTM layer produces evident valence band discrepancies at HTM/i-BaSi2 interfaces. Heavy doping in HTM layer is necessary desired to overcome the energy band barriers. As increasing the thicknesses of HTM layer from 5 nm to 100 nm, the efficiency for p-BaSi2/i-BaSi2/n-BaSi2 solar cell also decreases from 24.52% to 15.99%, while the solar cells with wide band gap HTMs including CuI, CuSCN and NiO show neglectable change, and the efficiency for p-Cu2O/i-BaSi2/n-BaSi2 solar cells decreases slightly from 25.86% to 24.88%. The performances of p-HTM/i-BaSi2/n-BaSi2 solar cells are affected by acceptor like defects more than donor like defects in i-BaSi2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammatory, vasculogenic, and profibrogenic factors have been previously reported in vitreous (VH) and aqueous (AH) humors in myopic patients who underwent cataract surgery. In light of this, we selected some mediators for AH and anterior-capsule-bearing lens epithelial cell (AC/LEC) analysis, and AH expression was correlated with LEC activation (epithelial–mesenchymal transition and EMT differentiation) and axial length (AL) elongation. In this study, AH (97; 41M/56F) and AC/LEC samples (78; 35M/43F) were collected from 102 patients who underwent surgery, and biosamples were grouped according to AL elongation. Biomolecular analyses were carried out for AH and LECs, while microscopical analyses were restricted to whole flattened AC/LECs. The results showed increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and angiopoietin-2 (ANG)-2 and decreased levels of vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF)-A were detected in AH depending on AL elongation. LECs showed EMT differentiation as confirmed by the expression of smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-βR1/TGFβ isoforms. A differential expression of IL-6R/IL-6, IL-8R/IL-8, and VEGF-R1/VEGF was observed in the LECs, and this expression correlated with AL elongation. The higher VEGF-A and lower VEGF-D transcript expressions were detected in highly myopic LECs, while no significant changes were monitored for VEGF-R transcripts. In conclusion, these findings provide a strong link between the AH protein signature and the EMT phenotype. Furthermore, the low VEGF-A/ANG-2 and the high VEGF-A/VEGF-D ratios in myopic AH might suggest a specific inflammatory and profibrogenic pattern in high myopia. The highly myopic AH profile might be a potential candidate for rating anterior chamber inflammation and predicting retinal distress at the time of cataract surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En este artículo, que forma parte de un proyecto de investigación y de una tesis de maestría, se asocia la formación continua de profesores con el uso de tecnología digital para analizar cómo docentes de matemática planifican una clase sobre el tema de cuadriláteros e identificar, por medio del modelo TPACK, sus conocimientos tecnológicos. Además, se intenta conectar el uso de la tecnología digital con el uso de la historia de la matemática. Para ello, se presenta una tarea sobre cuadriláteros y se analiza, en base a aspectos de la teoría Espacio de Trabajo Matemático ETM, las posibles génesis y planos verticales que pueden activar los profesores.

Copyright of Turismo: Visão e Ação is the property of Turismo-Visao E Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Image compression is an important task in most applications to save the storage space and communication cost. In this direction, many researches proposed Block Truncation Coding models to compress the images. However, some limitations are present in the existing image compression algorithms since they do not identify the image block dependencies, pixel value ratings and unimportant regions of an image accurately. To handle these issues, we propose three new image compression algorithms in this paper that have been developed based on ensemble machine learning and using deep learning techniques. Among them, the first algorithm has been developed using an ensemble of machine learning techniques namely multiple Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Genetic SVM called Ensemble based Truncation Model (ETM) for effective image compression. The second algorithm called Spatial and neural Genetic Algorithm (SGA) uses spatial constraints and Genetic Algorithms for performing the weight adjustment in neural networks for the compression of large sized spatial images using a neural and genetic approach. The third algorithm called Genetic Stacked and De-Noised Auto Encoder (GSDAE) proposed in this work is based on Spatial and neural Genetic Algorithm incorporated Stacked and De-Noised Auto Encoder model applies spatial constraints and Genetic Algorithms in the Deep Learning algorithm namely the Auto Encoder Neural Networks for performing the compression based on semantic features. From the experiments carried out in this work, we have proved that all these three proposed algorithms are able to improve the compression ratio and to reduce the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio values and the storage space than the existing works on image compression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of tungsten (W)-doped SnO2 as an electron transport material (ETM) for perovskite solar cells (PSC). The aim is to enhance the performance of PSCs by improving the properties of the ETM. The W-doped SnO2 was synthesized by dissolving SnO2 and W in deionized water, followed by sonication. The doping was achieved using a spin-coating technique, with subsequent annealing at 350 °C for 20 min. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed characteristic peaks of SnO2 at 2θ values of 26.53°, 33.82°, 37.67°, 51.59°, and 54.69°, alongside an additional peak at 2θ = 14.46°, indicative of successful tungsten incorporation. Field emission scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of a uniform electron transport layer on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass, with a thickness of approximately 44.66 nm. UV–Vis spectroscopy measurements showed that the band gap of W-doped SnO2 was 4.38 eV. Performance evaluation revealed that the W-doped SnO2 ETL outperformed the undoped SnO2 ETL in PSC applications, as evidenced by significant improvements in open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), short-circuit current density (Jsc), and power conversion efficiency. Incorporating W into the SnO2 ETL led to a marked increase in overall device efficiency, corroborated by a hysteresis curve demonstrating reduced J–V loss. The optimized W-doped SnO2 ETL-based PSC achieved a notable power conversion efficiency of up to 8.02%, with Voc, Jsc, and FF reaching 0.89 V, 23.65 mA/cm2, and 0.45, respectively. This study highlights the significant potential of W-doped SnO2 as a promising ETM for enhancing the efficiency of PSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of estuarine hydro-environmental parameters and tidal phases on the fish catch in the macrotidal Chikugo River estuary was investigated. This study focuses on the catch data of Etsu (Coilia nasus) fish, obtained during their spawning season from 2009 to 2020, employing traditional fishing techniques at a site situated 14.6–16 km upstream from the river mouth. It analyses various hydro-environmental parameters and identifies optimal ranges of environmental parameters. The optimal range of salinity (0.04–0.2) and suspended sediment concentration (SSC, 16–118 mg/L) indicated a higher fish catch at the saltwater-freshwater interface and upstream of the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) zone. By developing a generalized additive model (GAM) to analyze the relationship between CPUE and environmental parameters, the study assesses the relative importance of each variable in explaining CPUE variance. GAM exhibited a reasonable predictive capability (R2 = 0.509) and indicated the relative importance of each variable (SSC-24.69%, salinity-21.81%, temperature-24.41%, discharge-9.16%, and MTR-19.91%) in explaining the CPUE variance. Additionally, it aims to verify the maturity status and spawning migration patterns of C. nasus fish through standard-length distribution analysis during the spawning season. The standard-length distribution and comparison with previous literature confirmed that fishes caught by the fisherman belong to the category of matured fishes aged 2–3 years. The results indicated that the high CPUE of matured C. nasus at the upstream of ETM and freshwater-saltwater interface was related to the spawning migration and not to their feeding behaviour at the ETM. This research contributes to fisheries management strategies and conservation efforts in the Chikugo River estuary by providing valuable guidance for habitat restoration, informing fishing regulations, and understanding the behaviour of C. nasus. [Display omitted] • Estimated the optimal ranges of environmental parameters corresponding to high CPUE. • Higher CPUE was found at the neap-spring transition and low-high tide transition. • High CPUE was found at the front of saltwater intrusion and upstream of the ETM. • Matured fish movement is related to spawning migration and not to their feeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammatory, vasculogenic, and profibrogenic factors have been previously reported in vitreous (VH) and aqueous (AH) humors in myopic patients who underwent cataract surgery. In light of this, we selected some mediators for AH and anterior-capsule-bearing lens epithelial cell (AC/LEC) analysis, and AH expression was correlated with LEC activation (epithelial–mesenchymal transition and EMT differentiation) and axial length (AL) elongation. In this study, AH (97; 41M/56F) and AC/LEC samples (78; 35M/43F) were collected from 102 patients who underwent surgery, and biosamples were grouped according to AL elongation. Biomolecular analyses were carried out for AH and LECs, while microscopical analyses were restricted to whole flattened AC/LECs. The results showed increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and angiopoietin-2 (ANG)-2 and decreased levels of vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF)-A were detected in AH depending on AL elongation. LECs showed EMT differentiation as confirmed by the expression of smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-βR1/TGFβ isoforms. A differential expression of IL-6R/IL-6, IL-8R/IL-8, and VEGF-R1/VEGF was observed in the LECs, and this expression correlated with AL elongation. The higher VEGF-A and lower VEGF-D transcript expressions were detected in highly myopic LECs, while no significant changes were monitored for VEGF-R transcripts. In conclusion, these findings provide a strong link between the AH protein signature and the EMT phenotype. Furthermore, the low VEGF-A/ANG-2 and the high VEGF-A/VEGF-D ratios in myopic AH might suggest a specific inflammatory and profibrogenic pattern in high myopia. The highly myopic AH profile might be a potential candidate for rating anterior chamber inflammation and predicting retinal distress at the time of cataract surgery.

Topic modeling is an active research area with several unanswered questions. The focus of recent research in this area is on the use of a vector embedding representation of the input text with both generative and evolutionary topic modeling techniques. Unfortunately, it is hard to compare different techniques when the underlying data and preprocessing steps that were used to develop the models are not available. This paper presents two secondary datasets that can help address this gap. These datasets are derived from two primary datasets. The first consists of 8145 posts from the r/Cancer health forum and the second consists of 18,294 messages submitted to 20 different news groups. The same preprocessing procedure is applied to both datasets by removing punctuation, stop words and high frequency words. Each dataset is then clustered using three different topic modeling techniques: pPSO, ETM and NVDM and three topic numbers: 10, 20, 30. In addition, for pPSO two text embeddings representation are considered: sBERT and Skipgram. The secondary datasets were originally developed in support of a comparative analysis of the aforementioned topic modeling techniques in a study titled “Comparing PSO-based Clustering over Contextual Vector Embeddings to Modern Topic Modeling” submitted to the Journal of Information Processing and Management. The present paper provides a detailed description of the two secondary datasets including the unique identifier that can be used to retrieve the original documents, the pre-processing scripts, the topic keywords generated by the three topic modeling techniques with varying topic numbers and embedding representations. As such, the datasets allow direct comparison with other topic modeling techniques. To further facilitate this process, the algorithm underlying the evolutionary topic modeling technique, pPSO, proposed by the authors is also provided.

As demand grows for efficient and affordable photovoltaic technology, investigating alternative materials becomes crucial. Tin-based perovskite has a low bandgap, great optoelectronic properties, and higher carrier mobility. It has become an interesting absorber layer for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, improving their device performance presents challenges. Copper-based hole transport materials (HTM) and zinc-based electron transport materials (ETM) offer low cost, easy fabrication, and high electrical conductivity. This research analyzes the impacts of these transport materials on the FASnI 3 absorber layer using numerical modeling in SCAPS-1D. Through simulation analysis, the study thoroughly examines the effect of these materials on PSC performance parameters such as QE curve, layer thickness, defect density, interface defect, and doping concentration. Moreover, this study identifies the most efficient PSC configurations, achieving good performance by ITO/ZnSe/ FASnI 3 / Cu 2 O /Au with a V oc of 2.05 V, J sc of 29.316 mA/cm2, FF of 53.37 %, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 32.13 %, providing valuable insights in optimizing FASnI 3 solar cells and advancing next-generation solar energy conversion technologies. • SCAPS 1D simulation on perovskite solar cell. • Tin-based perovskite has emerged as encouraging absorber layer in perovskite solar cells. • Cu-based HTM and Zn-based ETM offer low cost, easy fabrication, and high electrical conductivity. • Using different HTL materials such as Cu 2 O , CuSbS 2 , and Zn-based ETL have been identified as potential candidates to enhance the performance of FASnI 3. • A study identifies good performance by ITO/ZnSe/ FASnI 3 / Cu 2 O /Au with a V oc of 2.05 V, J sc of 29.316 mA/cm2, FF of 53.37 %, and PCE of 32.13 %, [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coastal or sea‐crossing bridges located in seismic regions are experiencing long‐term chloride‐induced corrosion in their life cycles and have a high risk of suffering from strong earthquakes. Thus, the fragilities of these bridges must be properly evaluated under the multiple hazards of corrosion and earthquake. Conventional fragility assessment requires expensive computational efforts despite extensive applications in previous research. To this end, this paper proposes a life‐cycle fragility analysis framework based on the endurance time method to investigate the deterioration impact on the seismic fragility of bridges. An example sea‐crossing cable‐stayed bridge is utilized as a case study and modeled by OpenSees considering different service years. The life‐cycle fragility curves of the example bridge are generated using the artificial endurance time series. Fragility analysis results show that the proposed method is capable of assessing the life‐cycle seismic fragility of the bridge with high efficiency. The bearing shows a higher damage probability than the pylon and pier. As the service time increases, the structural deterioration has a marginal impact on the system fragility of the bridge, while the component fragility varies across different components. The structural deterioration results in beneficial effects on the pylon and the bearing at the pylon but exerts adverse effects on the pier and the bearing at the pier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consistent use of vegetation indices (VIs) for monitoring rangeland ecosystems in Middle Asia, and particularly Uzbekistan has been limited. In the face of intense rangeland degradation in Uzbekistan, understanding the applicability of VIs is an immediate priority for the assessment of the current state of these rangelands. This article focuses on comparing and evaluating the potential of five intensively used VIs (NDVI, SAVI, EVI, PVI and TSAVI) to detect changes in condition and productivity of Artemisia spp. rangelands across different seasons and years. The results indicate a high degree of similarity in the response of the tested VIs when multi-season and multi-year vegetation data were combined. However, there was significant variability when vegetation data were parsed into seasons and/or variable precipitation years. We recommend that a remote sensing assessment of rangelands in various stages of invasion by native non-palatable plants should rely on a multi-season analysis of NDVI or SAVI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract.Inverted Bulk heterojunctions (Ag/MoO3/PCDTBT-PC70BM/ZnO/ITO) Organic Solar cells, based on Organic (Polymer) materials is fabricated and characterized in this work. PCDTBT-PC70BM was synthesized by chloroform, chlorobenzene and odichlorobenzene (organic solvent). Surface morphology of ZnO and PCDTBT-PC70BM were studied. Bulk heterojunctions of active material are formed by the mixture of PCDTBT donor and PC70BM an acceptor in a random manner. For Sufficient transportation of charge carrier (electron and hole), hole transport (HT) and electron transport (ET) layers was deposited. ZnO is used as an ETM and synthesized by using Sol-Gel technique. MoO3 thin film deposited over the active material, enhances hole transformation because of band gap tuning with Ag and active materials. Absorbance and Photoluminescence spectra of polymer material with different organic solvents were studied and results were discussed in this work. o-dichlorobenzene enhance the absorption of PCDTBT/PC70BM. At 400 nm, 90% of sun light is absorbed, and 70% absorption is figure out in 500- 550nm wavelength. The Photo-luminescence of PCDTBT/PC70BM thin film in different organic solvents is ranging from 650nm to 750nm. At 700nm, 20% is shown for chloroform, 40% for chlorobenzene and highest 80% is achieved by o-dichlorobenzene. J-V value is obtained from a solar simulator which irradiates the sun spectrum 1.5 AM, for all the devices having cell area 0.045 cm². For concentration (1:1) ratio in different organic solvents like chloroform, chlorobenzene and o-dichlorobenzene, (3.5, 4.2, and 5.8) %, PCE were obtained respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rhizopus delemar , an opportunistic fungal pathogen, causes a highly fatal disease, mucormycosis. Spore germination is a crucial mechanism for disease pathogenesis. Thus, exploring the molecular mechanisms of fungal germination would underpin our knowledge of such transformation and, in turn, help control mucormycosis. To gain insight into the developmental process particularly associated with cell wall modification and synthesis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed including both coding and non-coding transcripts identified in the current study, to find out the module of interest in the germination stages. The module-trait relationship identified a particular module to have a high correlation only at the resting phase and further analysis revealed the module to be enriched for protein phosphorylation, carbohydrate metabolic process, and cellular response to stimulus. Moreover, co-expression network analysis of highly connected nodes revealed cell wall modifying enzymes, especially those involved in mannosylation, chitin-glucan crosslinking, and polygalacturonase activities co-expressing and interacting with the novel lncRNAs among which some of them predicted to be endogenous target mimic (eTM) lncRNAs. Hence, the present study provides an insight into the onset of spore germination and the information on the novel non-coding transcripts with key cell wall-related enzymes as potential targets against mucormycosis., Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)., (© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.)

El objetivo de este trabajo es estimar la salinidad del suelo en áreas de cultivos de arroz del distrito de Lambayeque e investigar su comportamiento espacio-temporal, utilizando imágenes de satélite de los sensores ETM+ de Landsat 7, MODIS/Terra y datos de conductividad eléctrica del suelo obtenido in situ. Los parámetros que se analizaron son el Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada (NDVI), el Índice de Salinidad (IndSal) y la anomalía estandarizada de NDVI. El análisis del máximo valor compuesto (MVC) de NDVI e IndSal, la desviación estándar del NDVI e IndSal de las imágenes ETM+ y las anomalías estandarizada de los sensores ETM+ y MODIS permitieron separar los suelos con buena calidad agrícola de aquellos con problemas de salinidad. A partir del MVC de NDVI e IndSal se obtuvo 12 864.24 ha y 12 567.96 ha respectivamente pertenecientes a áreas de cultivos de arroz, la desviación estándar del NDVI e IndSal dio como resultado 12 692.16 ha y 12 250.53 ha de cultivos de arroz respectivamente, el área detectada a través de la conductividad eléctrica (CE) del suelo correspondiente a las clases no salino y ligeramente salino es de 12 661.02 ha. De cada una de las áreas obtenidas se obtuvo un shapele, posteriormente se obtuvo la variación temporal del NDVI del sensor MODIS, del cual se obtuvo el parámetro estacional SI y su correlación (R) con los datos (supercie cosechada, producción y rendimiento) de cultivos de arroz proporcionados el Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego (MINAGRI) fueron muy signicativos (0.74 - 0.90), esto indica que las áreas obtenidas si pertenecen a cultivos de arroz. Detectadas las áreas de cultivos de arroz se obtuvo la variación temporal de la conductividad eléctrica del suelo en el periodo 2001 2014.

EHD friction curves have been measured up to very high pressure (pmean = 5 GPa, pmax = 7.5 GPa) using a newly developed, rolling-sliding, ball on disc machine, the ETM. Six base fluids have been studied, spanning the API base oil categories Group I to Group V. At high pressures, thermal effects become substantial even at quite modest slide-roll ratios, and these must be considered when analysing friction measurements in terms of the underlying rheological properties of the oils. By comparing measurements from steel/steel and WC/WC ball and disc combinations with very different thermal conductivities, the use of thermal correction to derive isothermal friction curves has been validated. At relatively low pressures (mean pressure = 1 GPa), there are substantial differences between the EHD friction properties of the various API Group base oils, but as pressure is raised these diminish and the EHD friction coefficients of all the Groups approach a similar maximum value at a given temperature. EHD friction continues to be quite strongly temperature dependent even at very high pressure. As pressure is increased, EHD friction curves become progressively steeper, so that friction coefficients at very low slide-roll ratios (1 to 2% SRR) become several times greater at high than at low pressure. This has important practical implications for the efficiency of rolling element bearings at high pressures since these components normally operate in this SRR range. There is no evidence of any of the base oils reaching a limiting shear stress over the whole pressure and temperature range studied. Instead, shear stress continues to increase with log(strain rate) in accord with the Eyring-activated flow model up to very high pressures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Engineering Mechanics / Gongcheng Lixue is the property of Engineering Mechanics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The advent of single-cell multi-omics sequencing technology makes it possible for researchers to leverage multiple modalities for individual cells and explore cell heterogeneity. However, the high-dimensional, discrete, and sparse nature of the data make the downstream analysis particularly challenging. Here, we propose an interpretable deep learning method called moETM to perform integrative analysis of high-dimensional single-cell multimodal data. moETM integrates multiple omics data via a product-of-experts in the encoder and employs multiple linear decoders to learn the multi-omics signatures. moETM demonstrates superior performance compared with six state-of-the-art methods on seven publicly available datasets. By applying moETM to the scRNA + scATAC data, we identified sequence motifs corresponding to the transcription factors regulating immune gene signatures. Applying moETM to CITE-seq data from the COVID-19 patients revealed not only known immune cell-type-specific signatures but also composite multi-omics biomarkers of critical conditions due to COVID-19, thus providing insights from both biological and clinical perspectives., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2023 The Authors.)

The study addresses the consensus problem for multi‐agent systems (MASs) with directed topologies by proposing an event‐triggered control approach which can reduce the control input actuations, communication network usage and computing resources utilisation meanwhile maintains a desirable disturbance rejection performance. For each agent, a local event‐triggering mechanism (ETM) checks the violation of a pre‐designed triggering condition periodically to determine the triggering instants. Each agent broadcasts data to the neighbours whenever an event is triggered by its local ETM. Thereby, continuous‐time communications between agents are avoided. Besides, the event‐based control input of each agent is updated just at its own triggering instants and remains constant between trigger times which extends the lifespan of the agent actuators and facilitates more energy saving. It is further theoretically proved that the MAS with the proposed event‐based controller maintains a desirable finite L2 ‐gain performance index against the time‐varying external disturbances in L2 ‐space. Illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An optical settling column was used in the Garonne Tidal River to estimate the settling velocity of suspended matter in surface waters over a period characterized by contrasting hydrological conditions. A time and space variability of settling velocity was observed during this study. The settling velocities of surface suspended matter ranged from 0.018 to 0.268 mm. s −1, and the median diameter of dispersed particles varied from 4.74 to 14.38 μm. The data revealed the physical processes influencing the sediment settling dynamics throughout different time scales in a highly turbid tidal river. On tidal and fortnightly time scales, resuspension, deposition and advection mechanisms were the major drivers of the settling velocity variability, while it is likely that the estuarine turbidity maxima (ETM) was responsible for seasonal variations. The findings of this work suggest that in tidal rivers, salinity is too low to promote flocculation, whereas ETM can play a key role in enhancing this process. The stronger variability in settling velocity occurs on a tidal timescale, with median values up to four times higher at the end of the ebb tide than at high water. These variations cannot be correlated to salinity or sediment concentration. On a seasonal timescale, flocculation appears to be strongly correlated with the presence of the ETM and associated fluid mud layer. A simple correlation based on tidal variations seems to be a better predictor than the relationships based on the sediment concentration. • The SCAF device allows settling velocity measurements in highly turbid environment. • A time and space variability of settling velocities of cohesive sediment was observed. • Settling velocities increased during re-suspension and advection phases. • Inside the ETM settling velocity is higher due to flocculation. • Settling velocities of cohesive sediments were barely affected by salinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental problems have become very crucial for humanity. In fact, human activities bring important quantities of metal traces elements (MTE). This study has been made to remedy to these MTE by searching in the valley of Gounti Yena plants species able to be used in phytoremediation. At the end of this work, the floristic diversity of this valley is very remarkable. Indeed, 16 woody and 24 herbaceous have been inventoried; among them the Juliflora prosopis which is the dominant woody where as Eragrotis pilosa is the dominant herbaceous. The conformation with the bibliographic data has allowed holding back 10 herbaceous species and 4 woody species that could be hyper-accumulator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

آشکارسازی تغییرات کاربری اراضی شامل کاربرد مجموعه داده‌های چند زمانه به منظور مشخص نمودن مناطقی است که کاربری و پوشش زمینی آنها در تاریخ‌های مختلف تصویربرداری تغییراتی داشته‌اند. از روش‌­های نوین در این زمینه بکارگیری سنجش از دور بعنوان ابزاری تکرارپذیر، مقرون به صرفه و در دسترس است. به همین منظور به بررسی تغییرات کاربری اراضی منطقه دزفول با استفاده از داده‌های دور سنجی، بین سال‌های 2010-2002 و با نگاه ویژه به تغییرات اراضی کشاورزی، ‌اقدام شد. تصاویر مورد استفاده در این تحقیق، مربوط به ماهواره لندست و سنجنده ETM آن می‌باشد که پس از عملیات پیش پردازش در کلاس‌های نه گانه همنام کاربری دسته‌بندی شده و به هر کاربری کدی تک رقمی از 1 تا 9 اختصاص یافت. سپس مدلی با عنوان ماتریس ضرب کاربری‌ها (Landuse Multiplication Materix) بکار گرفته شد. در ماتریس مذکور و با استفاده از درایه‌های آن که حاصل ضرب نقشه‌ی طبقه‌­بندی کاربری زمان دورتر در عدد 10 و حاصل جمع آن با نقشه‌ی طبقه‌بندی کاربری زمان جدیدتر متفاوت است، میزان تبدیل کاربری‌های مختلف به یکدیگر مشخص می‌شود. به عبارت دیگر به لحاظ پیچیدگی‌های خاص منطقه از نظر تبدیل کاربری‌های مختلف به یکدیگر، مشاهده شد که بر خلاف اینکه در بعضی از نقاط تبدیل کاربری‌ها به سود کشاورزی بوده است ولی در مجموع مساحت زمین‌های زراعی آبی در حال کاهش است. در این میان بیشترین کاهش زمین‌های کشاورزی با 3857 هکتار به نفع زمینهای بایر بوده است. در رتبه بعد کاربری مسیل با افزایش 2283 هکتاری قرار دارد.

River basin safety issues and hazards arising from extreme hydrological and meteorological events pose significant risks to human life and can entail economic and financial losses. In this study, the practical aspects of reliability theory linked to reliability engineering, and the associated mathematical tools used to describe technical systems, were applied to explore the structural reliability of a quasi-natural system—a portion of the Upper Sola River catchment in Poland. As part of this study, methods such as the Fault Tree Method (FTM), Event Tree Method (ETM), Risk Matrix and Ranking Method for assessing hazard, risk and losses connected with the occurrence of such events are suggested to improve flood risk management and enhance the capacity to safeguard against such events by improving current flood protection protocols in accordance with EC Flood Directives.

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This paper proposes reusable data-path architecture for lightweight cryptography algorithms, reusing some similar hardware components for both encryption and authentication. In addition to efforts by many researches to optimize hardware architectures, to reduce hardware resources, our proposal is to reuse identical functional blocks within crypto-algorithms targeting for more secure cryptography like Message Authentication Code (MAC), authenticated encryption such as Encrypt-then-MAC (EtM) on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). For this proposed reusable data-path, we have chosen LED algorithm for encryption and then PHOTON to generate the MAC code. Instead of creating two different circuits, one for PHOTON and another for LED, our proposal's is to reuse some of identical block functions repeatedly, therefore reduce the size of required circuit area. Reuse of resources or identical functions however require controllers that enable sharing of data path that can also has different "rounds" of transforms required for different modes either PHOTON or LED in this case, in addition to controllers for individual algorithm. Also to enable comparable computation speed, the data-path has to be further refined, an improvement needed at least on par or better than the current techniques. For PHOTON data-path, we have improved performance of Mix-Columns, focusing on lengthy clock cycle of Galois polynomial multiplication. The results show that this proposed EtM hardware architecture achieves significant improvements, up to 587 MHz, 1336 Mbps and 3.2 Mbps/slices, for maximum frequency, throughput and efficiency, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on LANDSAT ETM and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data derived by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM, 2000) of the coastal areas of Northern Venezuela were investigated in order to detect traces of earlier tsunami events. Digital image processing methods used to enhance LANDSAT ETM imageries and to produce morphometric maps (such as hillshade, slope, minimum and maximum curvature maps) based on the SRTM DEM data contribute to the detection of morphologic traces that might be related to catastrophic tsunami events. These maps combined with various geodata such as seismotectonic data in a GIS environment allow the delineation of coastal regions with potential tsunami risk. The LANDSAT ETM imageries merged with digitally processed and enhanced SRTM data clearly indicate areas that might be prone by flooding in case of catastrophic tsunami events.

LANDSAT ETM and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data from the coastal areas of Algeria were investigated in order to detect traces of earlier tsunami events. Digital image processing methods used to produce morphometric maps - such as hillshade, slope, minimum and maximum curvature maps based on the SRTM DEM data - contribute to the detection of morphologic traces that might be related to catastrophic tsunami events. These maps combined with LANDSAT ETM and seismotectonic data in a GIS environment allow the delineation of areas with potential tsunami risk. The evaluations of LANDSAT ETM imageries merged with digitally processed and enhanced SRTM data clearly show areas that must have been flooded in earlier times. In some cases morphological traces of flood waves as curvilinear scarps open to the seaside or traces of abrasion are clearly visible.