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Objective: To describe the characteristics of asthma consultations provided in Peruvian emergency departments during 2021. Materials and methods: A descriptive study using secondary sources was conducted. The source of information was the open-access dataset "Morbilidad en Emergencia Hospitalaria" (Morbidity in Hospital Emergency Departments), prepared by the Ministry of Health (MINSA) and available on the Plataforma Nacional de Datos Abiertos (National Open Data Platform). A total of 4,338 consultations for patients with a definitive diagnosis of asthma treated in MINSA emergency departments were included. The evaluated characteristics were age, sex, diagnosis according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10), level of care and month of consultation. In addition, patients with five or more consultations were identified to describe their emergency department use pattern, and the intensity of use for the entire sample was calculated. Descriptive statistics were performed using the free spreadsheet Jamovi 2.3.26, with absolute frequencies and percentages for the variables. Results: The consultations were predominantly concentrated in the 27 to 59 age group (56.71 %), female patients (61.80 %), the diagnosis "Asthma, unspecified" (84.21 %) and severity level I (59.78 %). An upward trend was observed from February, resulting in 560 consultations by the end of the year in December. A total of 2,988 patients had one consultation, while 41 patients had five or more consultations, with the maximum number of consultations for a single patient reaching 32. The overall intensity of use accounted for 1.25. Conclusions: In 2021, starting in February, there was an increase in the number of consultations for patients with a definitive diagnosis of asthma in MINSA emergency departments. The highest concentration of consultations was observed in the 27 to 59 age group and among female patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: chronic kidney disease keeps the person who suffers from it immersed in a context of physical, psychological and social dependence that demands unique attention of its kind. Objective: to analyze the social determinants of health present in the care setting for patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: a qualitative study was carried out in the eastern part of the State of Mexico in which 27 patients with chronic kidney disease participated who answered a semi-structured interview, using the Iramuteq v0.7alpha2 software to code the speeches. Results: the voice of the disease is relegated to be devastating in its attention and way of living; income due to constant travel, medical care costs and unemployment conjugates a deadly trap that conditions the economic fragmentation of the patient; public policies are unattainable -referring to the transplant program-; culture shows a religious symbolism of protection to the health coupled with social stigmatization for suffering chronic kidney disease CKD; the health system transits in lack of service guarantees -dialysis, hemodialysis, lack of supplies-; gender shows equality in care but overload of women in patient care. Conclusions: due to their impact on the way of living and caring for chronic kidney disease, the social determinants of health should be included transdisciplinary in public health policies, where not only epidemiology dictates the approach to renal patients, at this time mathematical models They are not applicable to groups, because social, cultural behaviors and the social determinants of health set the behavior patterns of human beings.

Background: 1 out of 5 cases of COVID-19 in Mexico occurred in health workers, and the high risk of contagion in these workers caused absenteeism due to temporary leave from work (TLfW), as well as the need to establish qualification criteria for COVID-19 as an occupational disease (OD). There are no quantitative data about the labor population to whom this benefit has been provided, nor on the economic impact of not being qualified as OD. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of qualification of OD by COVID-19 in health workers from a tertiary care hospital (TCH). Material and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study carried out from March 2020 to April 2021, which included health workers from a TCH who had TLfW due to COVID-19 and were working 14 days before it was issued. Variables such as OD, days of TLfW, category, among others, were analyzed, as well as the economic income lost by remaining as a general disease (GD). It was used descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 654 health workers had TLfW due to COVID-19, with a prevalence of OD of 18.5%; 17 days of TLfW were granted on average. Nurses were classified with the high number of OD, and the category with the highest prevalence was cleaning and hygiene assistant (36%). 5310 days of TLfW were subsidized as GD, equivalent to $510,385.60 (Mexican pesos) that were not granted as an economic benefit to the population that did not have an OD qualification due to COVID-19. Conclusions: The prevalence of recognition of COVID-19 as OD was low; most of TLfWs were subsidized as GDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Estomatología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: in the history of humanity, the great pandemics have represented important and terrible scourges for the human race and the development of society.Objective: to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID 19 in the Cumanayagua municipality, Cienfuegos province, during the year 2021. Methods: A retrospective study of a series of cases was carried out, whose universe consisted of 5,710 positive cases for COVID 19. Variables studied: cases according to months, statistical weeks, age, sex, presence or absence of symptoms, clinical manifestations, source of infection, popular council, health area and deceased.Results: The months of August and September predominated with higher positive cases and deaths, more frequent in females, as well as in young adults. The highest percentage presented clinical symptoms, cough and asthenia were the most reported symptoms, followed by headache and runny nose. Being a contact of a positive case prevailed as a source of infection, the mountainous area reported a lower frequency of cases.Conclusions: The pandemic was an event that caused anguish, restlessness and anxiety on the planet. Being aware of your history is essential to differentiate progress from your progress and thus anticipate and take action for more challenging and dire situations. To this end, knowing its clinical and epidemiological characteristics and its constant updating is valuable to conceive the behavior of the COVID-19 disease, which behaved with an increase in the period studied in the municipality of Cumanayagua.

Fundamento: los trabajadores de salud son los que se mantuvieron en la primera línea de la respuesta ante la COVID-19, por lo que tuvieron mayor peligro ante situaciones de potencial exposición.Objetivo: caracterizar epidemiológicamente a trabajadores de la salud enfermos de COVID-19, de marzo de 2020 a 30 de septiembre de 2021.Métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal realizado en Cienfuegos. El universo estuvo constituido por todos los trabajadores de salud con diagnóstico de COVID-19, durante el periodo de estudio. Las variables fueron: edad, sexo, municipio de procedencia, perfil ocupacional, estado clínico al diagnóstico, fuente de infección. La fuente primaria de obtención de información fue la base de datos del Departamento de Vigilancia en Salud de la Dirección Provincial de Salud. El procesamiento se realizó utilizando SPSS versión 21.0.Resultados: los meses de mayor diagnóstico fueron julio y agosto. El sexo femenino fue el más representado y los grupos de edad de 25-34 y 45-54 años. El municipio Cienfuegos fue el de mayor número de casos. Los médicos y enfermeras fueron los más representados. La posible fuente de infección fue extrainstitucional. El 83,7 % del total de casos manifestó algún síntoma. Conclusiones: la mayor cantidad de trabajadores de la salud resultó contagiada en los meses de mayor pico de la pandemia, pero en la mayoría la infección se produjo extrainstitucionalmente.

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: the number of people with diabetes mellitus worldwide has quadrupled in the last three decades and is currently the ninth leading cause of death. Objective: to determine the epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: a descriptive, analytical, retrospective, case/control study was carried out at the César Fornet Frutos Polyclinic in the Banes municipality, from September to December 2021. The universe included all individuals diagnosed with the disease. By simple random sampling, a sample of 27 cases was obtained and the control group was formed at a ratio of 2:1, which included 54 individuals with no history of the disease. The statisticians were used: Chi square, Odd Rattio, confidence index, probability and attributable percentage risk and the association between variables was established. The analyzed variables were: sex and age, risk factors, associated diseases and complications of the disease. Results: the age groups of 60-69 years old, 70 years old and over (29.6 %) were representative. The female sex prevailed (55.5 %). The risk factors obtained significant statistical values: inadequate diet (X2=59.28 OR=16.5), obesity (X2=13.06 OR=3.22), family history (X2=8.91 OR=0, 38) and dyslipidemias (X2=1.21 OR=1.4). Ischemic heart disease (39.5 % X2=7.1 RAP=23.4 %), arterial hypertension (23.4 % X2=45.6) and bronchial asthma (16 % X2=74.6) were the associated diseases of higher incidence. Complications with increasing prevalence were: diabetic nephropathy and lactic acidosis (X2=39.1), ischemic heart disease (X2=26.7 OR=33) (X2=26.7 OR=33) and nonketotic hyperosmolar state (X2 =21.4). Conclusions: diabetes mellitus is a complex, multifactorial disease prone to complication.

Background: Fournier's gangrene is a serious polymicrobial infection caused by microorganisms that act synergistically and determine a progressive necrotizing fasciitis in the scrotum and perineum with manifestations of sepsis that can progress to septic shock and organ failure. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically Fournier's gangrene in patients diagnosed in a reference hospital unit. Methods: retrospective, observational and descriptive study based on the analysis of the clinical records of 64 male patients with Fournier's gangrene, diagnosed at the Hospital Militar Principal/Instituto Superior de Luanda, Republic of Angola from January 2016 to December 2020. Study variables were: age, toxic habits, comorbidity, clinical manifestations, extension, location as well as its evolution. The quantitative variables were expressed as means, median and range, while the qualitative variables were expressed in terms of absolute numbers and percentages. Results: the average age was 45.09 years; 36 patients (56.2%) consume alcoholic drink and 14 (21.87%) declared smoking habits. The main comorbidity was diabetes mellitus in 21 (32.8%). Pain with increased scrotal volume predominated in 43 (67.2%) subjects; early surgical debridement with antibiotic therapy was the key to management. Five patients died. Conclusions: Fourner's gangrene is a serious disease that can present systemic repercussions and death. The cornerstone of treatment is early surgical debridement supported by support measures. The series presented showed adequate and effective multidisciplinary management.

To analyze the epidemiological profile of congenital syphilis in Paraná from 2012 to 2021. Observational descriptive epidemiological study, survey type, based on data from the Information System of Notifiable Diseases available at DataSUS. The number of cases of congenital syphilis increased from 19.7 per 10,000 live births in 2012 to 51.4 in 2020. Of the 22 regional units, Paranaguá, Pato Branco, and Metropolitana reported the highest prevalence. The diagnosis prevailed in white children of up to 6 days old, resulting in cure after treatment. Of the mothers, those with low level of education prevailed. Most cases occurred among pregnant women who had prenatal care, but with untreated partners. There is a need for investment in health education for pregnant women and continued education for health professionals for the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of syphilis in pregnant women and especially in partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Depression is a common mood disorder, whose recurrence alters its management and prognosis. The aim of the paper is to describe the hospital discharge rate (HED) for recurrent depressive episode (RDE) between 2018-2021 in Chile, according to sex, age and severity. Materials and methods: Observational and cross-sectional study considering hospital discharges due to DRE in the period 2018-2021 in Chile (N=1551). The databases of the Department of Health Statistics and Information and the National Institute of Statistics were used. The variables studied were sex, age group and severity. Ethics committee approval was not required. Results: The lowest HTE was observed in 2020 with 1.91 discharges per 100,000 inhabitants. Females stood out during the entire period with an HTE of 3.68 discharges per 100,000 population. The 15-19 years age group stood out with the highest HTE in both sexes with 5.3 admissions per 100,000 inhabitants. In terms of severity, hospitalizations were concentrated in patients with unspecified diagnosis. Discussion: The COVID 19 pandemic could explain the decrease in HTE in 2020, with a reduction in diagnosis and hospitalization for RDE, presumably due to the bed conversion phenomenon. HTE is higher in the female sex, which is consistent with the literature. The predominance of the 15 to 19 years age group disagrees with the evidence, which indicates that it tends to be concentrated in individuals aged 25 to 64 years. Conclusion: HTE due to DRE was concentrated in young women. It is important to know the local epidemiology in order to focus resources on the timely detection of risk factors to avoid serious episodes and reduce their recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze morbidity, mortality, and operational indicators of tuberculosis in the incarcerated population in Bahia. Methods: A descriptive epidemiological study of temporal trends was conducted using data obtained from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases. The study population comprised individuals incarcerated and diagnosed with tuberculosis between 2009 and 2019. Analysis included sex, age, race/ethnicity, education level, clinical characteristics, HIV testing, and treatment outcomes. Results: A total of 2,233 cases were reported, with 85.1% being male, an average age of 34.7 years, and 56.6% being of mixed race. Pulmonary tuberculosis affected 92.2% of cases, 36.4% underwent Directly Observed Treatment, and 67.2% achieved cure. A progressive increase was observed in incidence, HIV testing, TB+HIV coinfection, and treatment. Directly Observed Treatment, cure, death, abandonment, and information on treatment completion did not show significant changes in the series. Conclusion: In light of the observed trends, socioeconomic actions, intersectoral collaboration, and initiatives to motivate and train healthcare teams are essential, particularly in relation to promoting Directly Observed Treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to conduct a survey of the epidemiological, care and causal profile of maternal mortality in the cities of geographical coverage of a Regional Health Superintendence located in inland Minas Gerais in the period from 2004 to 2018. Method: descriptive, quantitative observational epidemiological study with data analysis obtained from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System, Death Certificates and Maternal Death Investigation Forms. Results: of the 19 maternal deaths analyzed, 8 (42.10%) were women aged 20 to 29 years, white, married, with 8 to 11 years of schooling. Deaths occurred in hospital institutions (100.00%), highlighting direct obstetric maternal death (89.47%) with obstetric embolism as the cause (21.05%). Conclusion: the maternal deaths studied are more related to quality and full access to existing points of care in the maternal-child care network than to the aspects of social vulnerabilities investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: in the history of humanity, the great pandemics have represented important and terrible scourges for the human race and the development of society. Objective: to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID 19 in the Cumanayagua municipality, Cienfuegos province, during the year 2021. Methods: A retrospective study of a series of cases was carried out, whose universe consisted of 5,710 positive cases for COVID 19. Variables studied: cases according to months, statistical weeks, age, sex, presence or absence of symptoms, clinical manifestations, source of infection, popular council, health area and deceased. Results: The months of August and September predominated with higher positive cases and deaths, more frequent in females, as well as in young adults. The highest percentage presented clinical symptoms, cough and asthenia were the most reported symptoms, followed by headache and runny nose. Being a contact of a positive case prevailed as a source of infection, the mountainous area reported a lower frequency of cases. Conclusions: The pandemic was an event that caused anguish, restlessness and anxiety on the planet. Being aware of your history is essential to differentiate progress from your progress and thus anticipate and take action for more challenging and dire situations. To this end, knowing its clinical and epidemiological characteristics and its constant updating is valuable to conceive the behavior of the COVID-19 disease, which behaved with an increase in the period studied in the municipality of Cumanayagua. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: health workers are the ones who remained on the front line of the response to COVID-19, so they were in greater danger in situations of potential exposure. Objective: to characterize health workers sick with COVID-19, from March 2020 to September the 30th, 2021, according to sociodemographic and epidemiological variables. to characterize sociodemographically and epidemiologically health workers sick with COVID-19, from March 2020 to September the 30th, 2021. Methods: Observational, descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in Cienfuegos. The universe was made up of all health workers diagnosed with COVID-19, during the study period. The variables were: age, sex, municipality of origin, occupational profile, clinical status at diagnosis, source of infection. The primary source for obtaining information was the database of the Health Surveillance Department of the Provincial Health Directorate. The processing was done using SPSS version 21.0. Results: the months with the highest diagnosis were July and August. The female sex was the most represented and the age groups of 25-34 and 45-54 years old. The Cienfuegos municipality was the one with the highest number of cases. Doctors and nurses were the most represented. The possible source of infection was extrainstitutional. 83.7% of the total cases showed some symptom. Conclusions: the largest number of health workers were infected in the peak months of the pandemic, but in most of them the infection occurred extra-institutionally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Malaria is a life-threatening disease. In a non-immune individual, symptoms usually appear between 10 and 15 days after the infective mosquito bite. It is important to know its entomo-epidemiological profile, especially in areas where it is very common.Objective: to describe the entomo-epidemiological profile of malaria in Huambo province during 2018.Methods: a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out. Variables studied: malaria cases, number of deaths, age, infected pregnant women, method of diagnosis and focal point. For data collection, the database of the National Epidemiology Directorate was used and they were processed with SPSS, version 15.0.Results: there was a marked decrease in cases and deaths during the year; those under five years of age reported higher rates of morbidity and mortality; pregnant women are one of the most vulnerable groups; the 65.5% of those diagnosed with malaria underwent a rapid test and there was a decrease in larval populations as a result of the use of the Bactivec and Gliceresf Cuban insecticides.Conclusions: malaria is a health problem in Huambo, its burden is high and causes great morbidity and fatality rates in vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and children under five years of age.

Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has spread rapidly in many regions in recent years.Objective: to describe clinical and epidemiological aspects of confirmed dengue patients in the Cumanayagua municipality, Cienfuegos province, during 2019.Methods: a case series study was carried out, which included 28 confirmed dengue patients, according to a database of the Municipal Hygiene and Epidemiology Unit. Sociodemographic, clinical and epidemiological variables, detected Aedes aegypti foci and infestation indices were analyzed.Results: The 57.1% of patients corresponded to the group of 15 to 49 years old; the female sex behaved in the same way as the male with the 50.0%. The predominant symptom was fever (100%); the 71.4% of the patients reported not having traveled outside the municipality; Aedes Aegypti outbreaks and infestation rates rose from June and fell after November. The highest risk neighborhood was Brisa with 36.8 x 10 000 inhabitants.Conclusions: the dengue epidemic in the Cumanayagua municipality in 2019 was clinically-epidemiologically characterized in a similar way to those that occurred in other territories, where the dengue 3 and 4 viruses circulation prevailed.

The population and geographic characteristics of each mobile emergency service directly interfere with its effectiveness, and there are several reports that the local actions developed by the service have immediate results that are little known. Thus, the objective was to identify the epidemiology of cases treated by the Mobile Emergency Care Service in the city of Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. This is a retrospective, documentary research, with a quantitative approach, carried out at the Mobile Emergency Care Service in the municipality of Palmas, with data collected from May to June 2019. 3,037 registration forms for the year 2018 were evaluated. The data from the analyzed records were tabulated in an excel spreadsheet, and descriptive statistics of the data were performed. There was a prevalence of attendance of male victims (53.1%), aged between 19-29 years (19.7%). There was also a prevalence of clinical causes (25.7%), followed by traumatic causes (20.4%). Regarding external causes, there was a prevalence of traffic accidents (11.9%); among the clinical causes, seizures (3.1%), cardiopulmonary arrest (2.3%) and syncope (2.5%) predominated; and in obstetric care, labor prevailed (66.9%). The destination of care was predominant in hospitals. Therefore, it is concluded that most of the emergency cases attended were young male victims whose prevalence of causes varied between clinical and traumatic. It is noteworthy that these data, if included in the agenda of decision makers, can support better and more effective practices of containment and mitigation of recurrent diseases, as well as the co-responsible promotion of health through the proper use of mobile emergency service equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis of the skin and semi-mucous membranes. It mainly affects the vulva and the perianal region, the extragenital location seen between 15 and 20 % of cases, is rare in childhood. Objective: to describe 8 pediatric patients with lichen sclerosus at the Paquito González Cueto Cienfuegos University Pediatric Hospital. Methods: a descriptive, retrospective study of 8 patients followed in the dermatology outpatient clinic of the Paquito González Cueto University Pediatric Hospital in Cienfuegos was carried out. The information was extracted from the medical records of the patients. Age expressed in years, sex, race, genital involvement, evolution time in years, associated symptoms, other associated diseases were taken into account: vitiligo, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, lupus erythematosus, type of lesions, morphea, koebner and treatment. Results: 8 cases were described, all in pediatric patients with a mean age of 8 years and an evolution of 3.1 years, predominantly female, 37.5 % of the series had extragenital lesions and vitiligo 62.5 %, there were diagnostic delay in a patient. Conclusions: lichen sclerosus is a pathology that affects the quality of life of patients, its possible sexual and urinary repercussions and its potential risk of epinocellular carcinoma, for which it is necessary to make a timely diagnosis.

Background: chronic kidney disease in children has become a serious public health problem, it implies a high risk of mortality that increases over the years, its early recognition allows to act on risk factors and prevent their progression to terminal stages. Objective: to describe the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of chronic kidney disease in children treated at the Paquito González Cueto Cienfuegos Pediatric University Hospital in the period 2018-2020. Methods: a retrospective descriptive study was carried out, a series of cases in patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease in the last 3 years, with a universe of 260 patients. Clinical and epidemiological variables were analyzed. For the analysis of the results, the SPSS 15.0 program was used, which allowed the processing, statistical analysis and preparation of the output tables. Results: 260 patients with chronic kidney disease were treated. The male sex was the most affected (59.2 %); the age group that predominated was that of 5 to 14 years (43.9 %); 92.3 % of the patients were found in stage I of the disease; the most associated risk factor and the most frequent causes were congenital malformations (75 %), being vesico-ureteral reflux the one that affected a greater number of patients (53.3 %); 61.8 % of the patients with glomerulopathies had minimal damage disease 42,6 % were asymptomatic. Conclusions: chronic kidney disease is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality that has been increasing in recent years in pediatric age, with congenital malformations of the genitourinary system being its main cause; early detection of risk prevents its progression.

Background: Fournier's gangrene is a serious polymicrobial infection caused by microorganisms that act synergistically and determine a progressive necrotizing fasciitis in the scrotum and perineum with manifestations of sepsis that can progress to septic shock and organ failure. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically Fournier's gangrene in patients diagnosed in a reference hospital unit. Methods: retrospective, observational and descriptive study based on the analysis of the clinical records of 64 male patients with Fournier's gangrene, diagnosed at the Hospital Militar Principal/Instituto Superior de Luanda, Republic of Angola from January 2016 to December 2020. Study variables were: age, toxic habits, comorbidity, clinical manifestations, extension, location as well as its evolution. The quantitative variables were expressed as means, median and range, while the qualitative variables were expressed in terms of absolute numbers and percentages. Results: the average age was 45.09 years; 36 patients (56.2%) consume alcoholic drink and 14 (21.87%) declared smoking habits. The main comorbidity was diabetes mellitus in 21 (32.8%). Pain with increased scrotal volume predominated in 43 (67.2%) subjects; early surgical debridement with antibiotic therapy was the key to management. Five patients died. Conclusions: Fourner's gangrene is a serious disease that can present systemic repercussions and death. The cornerstone of treatment is early surgical debridement supported by support measures. The series presented showed adequate and effective multidisciplinary management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Fundamento: la lepra es una enfermedad curable. Si es tratada en su primera fase, se puede evitar la discapacidad que genera. Objetivo: describir aspectos clínicos-epidemiológicos de pacientes diagnosticados con lepra.Métodos: estudio de serie de casos realizado en el municipio Cumanayagua, de Cienfuegos, que incluyó los 15 pacientes diagnosticados con lepra desde 2009 hasta 2019, según base de datos de la Unidad Municipal de Higiene y Epidemiología de dicho municipio. Las principales variables fueron: edad, sexo, consejos populares, clasificación clínica, operacional, tipo de contacto, tratamiento aplicado.Resultados: el grupo de 50-79 años representó el 53,3 %; las féminas constituyeron el 70,0 % de los casos; los consejos populares de mayores riesgos fueron Brisas con el 46,6 % y Vila con 20,0 %; el 73,3 % eran enfermos de lepra multibacilar; más del 40,0 % presentaron anestesia cutánea e infiltraciones; la detección fue espontánea en el 46,6 % de los pacientes. Al 73,3 % se les aplicó tratamiento multibacilar.Conclusiones: la lepra no constituye actualmente un problema grave de salud en el municipio Cumanayagua, pero no es una enfermedad totalmente eliminada, por lo que el conocimiento de las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes diagnosticados es importante para su mejor tratamiento y seguimiento médico.

Los ensayos clínicos forman parte del eje de clasificación más común para agrupar la investigación experimental. Constituyen el patrón de oro de los estudios de causalidad. Para el desarrollo de los mismos es determinante la realización de un tipo de estudio descriptivo específico, los estudios de incidencia y prevalencia de la enfermedad o problema de salud. Constituye objetivo del presente artículo reflexionar en el proceso de ejecución de estas investigaciones descriptivas como una de las acciones importantes y definitorias en la etapa de planificación dentro de la organización de los ensayos clínicos; así como identificar algunas dificultades y valorar la aplicación de pautas o alternativas estratégicas en los procedimientos habituales para la ejecución de ensayos clínicos. Se necesita la elaboración de un plan de actividades detallado en las diferentes etapas del ensayo clínico, con énfasis en la de planificación, que define el resto del ensayo. Es en esta fase cuando se realizan los estudios de incidencia y prevalencia, que contribuyen a la identificación real de la población diana, a conocer la factibilidad del ensayo clínico y al diseño de propuesta para el proceso de reclutamiento, inclusión y retención de pacientes. Esto permite incrementar la velocidad de conducción e incrementar la calidad en la ejecución de los ensayos clínicos en Cuba. Los estudios de incidencia y prevalencia eficientes favorecen la factibilidad y el mercadeo del futuro ensayo clínico, las estrategias de reclutamiento de pacientes y la ejecución del mismo, contribuyendo exitosamente a su desarrollo e introducción a la práctica médica de los resultados.

Introduction: with the aging of the population an increasing number of patients attend consultation for acute abdominal symptoms that require timely and comprehensive care. Objective: to describe the causes and evolution of the acute surgical abdomen in the elderly. Methods: a descriptive observational study was carried out at the “Arnaldo Milián Castro” Hospital in the Province of Villa Clara from January 2017 to December 2018. The population consisted of 780 patients who entered the Surgery Services for acute abdomen. Sex, age, cause of acute surgical abdomen and post-surgical complications were study variables. Methods of descriptive statistics were used. The information was extracted from the medical records. Results: 54.2% were men and there was a predominance of the age group between 60 and 70 years. Complicated abdominal wall hernias were the disease with the highest incidence (34.7%), 81.4% of the adults who had undergone surgery had no post-surgical complications and mortality was 1.4%. Conclusions: the main causes of acute surgical abdomen in the elderly patient in this series were complicated abdominal wall herniation, acute appendicitis, intestinal occlusion and acute cholecystitis. There were low complications and mortality rates. The control of the acute surgical abdomen depends on the careful evaluation of the acute condition and the elective correction of known abdominal diseases.

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Copyright of Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde is the property of Revista Brasileira em Promocao da Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Objective: To identify the occurrence of physical losses and immunobiological techniques in the state of Ceará and its financial impact. Methods: Exploratory-descriptive, retrospective research with a quantitative approach. For physical losses, 511 quality deviation registration forms were evaluated in immunobiologicals; for technical losses, we considered all doses of vaccines that were not used after the expiry date, after opening the bottle, as well as the doses not applied. Results: Total losses reached 12.5 million doses of immunobiologicals, representing an expense of R $ 42.8 million. The main reason for physical losses during the period studied was the power outage, representing 55.84%. The research showed no evidence of a direct relationship between total vaccine losses and vaccine coverage. Conclusion: Despite the high number of missed doses and the financial impact provided, only two vaccines, BCG and hepatitis B exceeded the standard established by PAHO; to solve the problem of power outages, preventive measures must be put in place, such as the installation of generator sets and the correct execution of the contingency protocols recommended by the PNI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foundation: Tuberculosis is a priority research topic in Cuba, given the need to strengthen the response capacity for its elimination as a health problem.Objective: to stratify the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in communities of the Abreus municipality.Methods: a descriptive study was carried out in the seven communities of the Abreus municipality, Cienfuegos province, during 2015. The information was obtained from the statistical departments of the health areas and the Municipal Hygiene and Epidemiology Unit. The absolute risk distribution method was used. The criterion for the stratification taken into account to define the high, medium and low risk strata was the average prevalence of risk factors according to the identified patients in 2015. The risk analyzed factors were: population over 60 years, contact rate of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, prevalence of acquired immunodeficiency virus/AIDS, alcoholics, social hardship cases, smokers, and diabetics. The MapInfo 7.5 program was used.Results: the prevalence of smoking was high, with 5 communities located in the medium riskstratum, one in the low risk stratum, and another (Cieneguitas) in the high risk stratum. Communities of Abreus, Charca, Cieneguita and Yaguaramas presented the highest percentage of factors located in the high risk stratum.Conclusion: Clinical epidemiological characteristics of the cases reported with pulmonary tuberculosis in the decade 2006-2015, in Abreus, show evidence of the potential risk of tuberculosis infection in the community.

Fundamento: La tuberculosis es un tema de investigación prioritario en Cuba, dada la necesidad de un fortalecimiento de la capacidad de respuesta para su eliminación como problema de salud.Objetivo: estratificar el riesgo de tuberculosis pulmonar en consejos populares del municipio Abreus.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, en los siete consejos populares del municipio Abreus, provincia Cienfuegos, durante el año 2015. La información se obtuvo de los departamentos de estadística de las áreas de salud y la Unidad Municipal de Higiene y Epidemiología. Fue utilizado el método de distribución de riesgo absoluto. El criterio para la estratificación que se tuvo en cuenta para definir los estratos de alto, mediano y bajo riesgo, fue la media de la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo según dispensarización del año 2015. Los factores de riesgo analizados fueron: población mayor de 60 años, tasa de contactos de pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar, prevalencia de virus de inmunodeficiencia adquirida/sida, alcohólicos, casos sociales, fumadores, y diabéticos. Se utilizó el programa MapInfo 7.5.Resultados: la prevalencia del hábito de fumar fue elevada, con 5 consejos populares ubicados en el estrato de mediano riesgo, uno en el estrato de bajo riesgo, y otro (Cieneguitas) en el de alto riesgo. Los consejos populares Abreus, Charca, Cieneguita y Yaguaramas presentaron el mayor porcentaje de factores ubicados en el estrato de alto riesgo.Conclusión: Las características clínico epidemiológicas de los casos notificados con tuberculosis pulmonar en el decenio 2006-2015, en Abreus, muestran evidencias del riesgo potencial de infección tuberculosa en la comunidad.

Background: Malaria is a life-threatening disease. In a non-immune individual, symptoms usually appear between 10 and 15 days after the infective mosquito bite. It is important to know its entomo-epidemiological profile, especially in areas where it is very common. Objective: to describe the entomo-epidemiological profile of malaria in Huambo province during 2018. Methods: a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out. Variables studied: malaria cases, number of deaths, age, infected pregnant women, method of diagnosis and focal point. For data collection, the database of the National Epidemiology Directorate was used and they were processed with SPSS, version 15.0. Results: there was a marked decrease in cases and deaths during the year; those under five years of age reported higher rates of morbidity and mortality; pregnant women are one of the most vulnerable groups; the 65.5% of those diagnosed with malaria underwent a rapid test and there was a decrease in larval populations as a result of the use of the Bactivec and Gliceresf Cuban insecticides. Conclusions: malaria is a health problem in Huambo, its burden is high and causes great morbidity and fatality rates in vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and children under five years of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción. La endocarditis infecciosa (EI) es una enfermedad causada por la invasión de organismos patógenos al endotelio cardiaco. Objetivos. Determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la endocarditis infecciosa en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, 2014-2019, Lima-Perú. Métodos. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se incluyeron a pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de EI según criterios de Duke modificados, que contaban con hemograma, hemocultivo y ecocardiograma. Resultados. Se estudiaron 26 pacientes; la edad promedio fue 46,96 ± 15,6 años, predominó el sexo masculino (57,7%), 15 procedían de Lima y el 50% tenían como grado de instrucción secundaria completa. El 57,7% (n=15) tuvieron hemocultivo negativo, la sintomatología más frecuente fue soplo cardíaco (67,6%), fiebre (26%) y disnea (23,4%), la complicación predominante fue la insuficiencia cardíaca (61%). Las comorbilidades (47,1%) fueron el principal factor de riesgo. La válvula mitral (51,7%) fue la más comprometida. El régimen antibiótico vancomicina + ceftriaxona y vancomicina + gentamicina ambos con 19,2% fueron los más usados. El 84,6% presentaron valores de amplitud de distribución eritrocitaria (ADE) >14,4%. De 10 que fallecieron, 9 tuvieron ADE > 14,4%. Conclusiones. La EI afectó principalmente a mayores de 50 años, de sexo masculino, con comorbilidades concomitantes. La ecocardiografía positiva junto a los criterios menores de Duke fueron predominantes. La mayoría presentó valores elevados de ADE que se relacionaron con la presencia de complicaciones y mortalidad, la cual fue alta.

Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has spread rapidly in many regions in recent years. Objective: to describe clinical and epidemiological aspects of confirmed dengue patients in the Cumanayagua municipality, Cienfuegos province, during 2019. Methods: a case series study was carried out, which included 28 confirmed dengue patients, according to a database of the Municipal Hygiene and Epidemiology Unit. Sociodemographic, clinical and epidemiological variables, detected Aedes aegypti foci and infestation indices were analyzed. Results: The 57.1% of patients corresponded to the group of 15 to 49 years old; the female sex behaved in the same way as the male with the 50.0%. The predominant symptom was fever (100%); the 71.4% of the patients reported not having traveled outside the municipality; Aedes Aegypti outbreaks and infestation rates rose from June and fell after November. The highest risk neighborhood was Brisa with 36.8 x 10 000 inhabitants. Conclusions: the dengue epidemic in the Cumanayagua municipality in 2019 was clinically-epidemiologically characterized in a similar way to those that occurred in other territories, where the dengue 3 and 4 viruses circulation prevailed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Foundation: congenital heart disease is any heart defect present at birth and occurs as a result of alterations in organogenesis. They constitute the severe structural malformation of greater prevalence and greater impact on neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: to determine the characteristics of congenital heart diseases diagnosed prenatally in the province of Cienfuegos in a 10-year study. Method: a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe consisted of 93 pregnant women with a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease. The variables analyzed were: association of maternal age with the appearance of heart disease, gestational age at diagnosis, year of prenatal diagnosis and its relationship with the evolution of pregnancy, pathological history, risk factors, types of congenital heart disease and its relationship with the pregnancy continuity, results of pathological anatomy of the fetuses, relationship between the diagnosis of congenital heart diseases and the results of pathological anatomy with the pregnancy continuity, behavior of the prenatal diagnosis and the possible annual increase in the mortality rate. Results: the most frequent maternal age was between 19-35 years, which were between 13 and 26 gestational weeks. A 78,4 % of couples decided pregnancy interruption. The most prenatally diagnosed congenital heart disease was inter-ventricular communication followed by hypoplasia of the left cavities, which was the most frequent anatomic-pathological diagnosis. Conclusions: congenital heart disease currently continues to be one of the main causes of death in the first year of life.

Fundamento: desde el punto de vista clínico, el síndrome nefrótico supone una afección que puede llevar a la insuficiencia renal desde edades tempranas. Es necesario identificar y tratar a tiempo los signos y síntomas de esta enfermedad para poder evitar futuras complicaciones. Objetivo: describir las características clínico-epidemiológicas y la respuesta al tratamiento de los niños con síndrome nefrótico atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico Universitario Paquito González Cueto de Cienfuegos en el periodo 2008-2018. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Para este estudio se seleccionaron los pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome nefrótico residentes en los diferentes municipios de la provincia Cienfuegos en los últimos 11 años, desde enero del 2008 hasta diciembre del 2018, con un universo de 23 pacientes. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y epidemiológicas, se utilizó el 100 % de las historias clínicas. Para el vaciamiento y análisis de los resultados se utilizó el programa SPSS 15,0 el cual permitió el procesamiento, el análisis estadístico y la confección de las tablas de salida. Resultados: en un periodo de 11 años se diagnosticaron 23 pacientes con síndrome nefrótico. El sexo masculino fue el más afectado (65,2 %); la edad de inicio de la enfermedad predominó en el grupo etáreo de 3 a 6 años (52,2 %). El edema estuvo presente en la totalidad de los casos, seguido en frecuencia por la oliguria (86,9 %); en el 100 % de los pacientes estuvo presente la hipoalbuminemia y la proteinuria, seguido en frecuencia por la hipercolesterolemia (95,6 %). El 73,9 % de los pacientes fue corticosensible. Las infecciones respiratorias fueron las complicaciones que se presentaron en mayor número de casos (73,9 %). Conclusiones: el síndrome nefrótico es una de las glomerulopatías crónicas que afecta la infancia y se clasifica como enfermedad rara, predominó el sexo masculino en las edades entre 2 y 6 años; con un pronóstico favorable en el 90 % de los pacientes con buena respuesta al tratamiento esteroideo; no obstante la corticorresistencia representa entre el 10 y 20 % de los niños y las complicaciones que aparecen con mayor frecuencia son las infecciones.

Introduction: nodular thyroid diseases are relatively frequent, the majority being susceptible to surgical management. Objective: to characterize clinically and surgically the patients operated on nodular thyroid diseases. Method: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study that was carried out at Dr. Saturnino Lora Torres Provincial Hospital from Santiago de Cuba between 2015 and 2017, the target group was comprised of 150 patients surgically treated due to a thyroid nodule. The information was obtained from the medical records. Medical ethical principles were met. Results: female sex predominated (90 %) and patients between 46 and 60 years old (41,3 %). 80,7 % increased the volume of neck, followed by symptoms of thyroid hypo-function (13,3 %) and dysphagia (12,7 %), as the most frequent clinical manifestations. The preoperative evolution time of 80 patients was greater than one year along with nodular goiter (43,3 %), and cancer (33,3 %) were the most frequent diagnoses, while only 16 % of patients presented thyroid cancer, observing a concordance between the imaging and pathological diagnosis, being hemithyroidectomy (72,7 %) the main surgical technique used, and short-term dysphonia the main postoperative complication (4,0 %). Conclusions: nodular thyroid diseases are more frequent in females and between the third and sixth decades of life, resulting in prolonged evolution and there is a low concordance between diagnostic tests. There were few complications in the series studied.

Fundamento: la Organización Mundial de la Salud ha determinado que el suicidio es un importante problema de salud porque se encuentra entre las 10 primeras causas de muerte en todas las edades. En Cuba y en Cienfuegos se ha observado una tendencia al incremento en las edades jóvenes. Objetivo: caracterizar el intento suicida en adolescentes del municipio Cumanayagua desde enero de 2009 hasta diciembre del 2013. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal sobre el comportamiento epidemiológico según variables de la conducta suicida en el municipio Cumanayagua durante el periodo 2009-2013 con un universo 110 pacientes. La información se recolectó por medio de la revisión de las tarjetas de enfermedades de declaración obligatoria y encuestas donde se incluyen las variables del estudio. La información para el análisis estadístico se procesó mediante el programa SPSS y los resultados se presentan en tablas. Resultados: existió mayor número de intento suicida en el sexo femenino, color de la piel blanca, estado civil soltero y nivel de escolaridad secundaria. La modalidad predominante fue la ingestión de medicamentos y se encontró que los problemas familiares, escolares y personales predominaron como factores desencadenantes del intento suicida. Conclusiones: es innegable la multicausalidad de este fenómeno y es relevante la influencia de factores personales, interpersonales y sociales en interacción con factores circunstanciales y psicosociales que actúan como desencadenantes de la conducta suicida.

Fundamento: las enfermedades tiroideas requieren frecuentemente de atención en los servicios de salud, para lo que se emplea como pilar de tratamiento la intervención quirúrgica. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento de los pacientes con afecciones quirúrgicas del tiroides, atendidos en el Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Provincial Abel Santamaría Cuadrado de Pinar del Río, durante 2013-2015. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo que incluyó a 312 pacientes del hospital Abel Santamaría Cuadrado de Pinar del Río, intervenidos quirúrgicamente por presentar patologías tiroideas, durante 2013-2015. Las variables analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, afecciones tiroideas, sensibilidad y especificidad del diagnóstico citohistológico, procedimiento quirúrgico empleado y complicaciones posquirúrgicas. El procesamiento estadístico de los datos se realizó utilizando frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. Resultados: predominaron las féminas (85,26 %) y el grupo etáreo 36-50 años (43,59 %). Se constató mediante los estudios citohistológicos predominio del carcinoma folicular (29,17 %) y globalmente de las afecciones benignas (61,53 %). La correlación entre estudios citológicos y la biopsia demostró que el 4,42 % de los resultados fueron negativos falsos y el 3,09 % positivos falsos, de forma que durante la validación del procedimiento citológico se tuvo una sensibilidad de 94,95 % y una especificidad de 97,30 %. La hemitiroidectomía fue el procedimiento quirúrgico más empleado (67,31 %), entre las principales complicaciones posquirúrgicas estuvieron la disfonía transitoria (9,29 %) y la hipocalcemia transitoria (5,45 %). Conclusiones: las patologías tiroideas predominaron en féminas e individuos entre 36 y 50 años, fueron diagnosticadas mediante estudios citohistológicos. Predominó el carcinoma folicular y de forma global las afecciones benignas, se recurrió a la hemitiroidectomía y se presenciaron pocas complicaciones posquirúrgicas.

Foundation: the World Health Organization has determined that suicide in an important health problem since it is among the first causes of death in all ages. In Cuba and in Cienfuegos a trend to increase has been observed in youngsters. Objective: to characterize the suicidal attempt in adolescent of the Cumanayagua municipality from January 2009 to December 2013. Method: a cross descriptive study was done about the epidemiological behavior according to variables of the suicidal conduct at the Cumanayagua municipality from 2009 to 2013 with a universe of 110 patients. The information was collected by revising cards of compulsory statement and surveys where studied variables were included. The statistical analysis was developed by SSPS program and the results are presented in tables. Results: there were a higher number of suicidal attempts in the female sex, white skin, single and secundary schooling. The predominant model was the ingestion of medications and family, school and personal problems were the triggering factors of suicidal attempt. Conclusion: the multi-causal origin of this phenomenon is undeniable and the personal, interpersonal, and social factors are significant in interaction with circumstance and psycho-social factors which function as unleashing factors.

Introduction: It is a challange to eliminate tuberculosis in Cuba. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically pacients with tuberculosis. Methods: observational descriptive research which included 24 cases reported with tuberculosis in Cumanayagua from 2007 to 2017. Tha variables analized were: year of diagnosis, classification according to the type of tuberculosis (pulmonary or extra-pulmonary), Age, sex, place of diagnosis, occupation, community, health area, associated risk factors, signs and symptoms. Data was collected from the chronological series and epidemiological histories existing at the Municipal Units of Hygiene and Epidemilogy in the municipality. Data processing was done by excell and percentages and incidence rate were used. Results: the highest rate of the disease presented in 2013. The highest number of cases was reported from 55 to 59 years old with 9 cases. Patients with positive basiloscopy with a 66,7 %. A 62,5 % was diagnosed in the second level of care. The male sex, retired and agriculture workers predominated. The most frequent risk factors were tabaquism and alcoholism. The most frequent symptoms were cough, loss of weight, asthenia and fiver. Conclusion: tuberculosis at the Municipality of Cumanayagua presented according to the clinical and epidemiological characteristics described in the literature reviewed; there were difficulties in the opportunity of diagnosis at the first care level.

Fundamento: en Cuba constituye hoy un reto eliminar la tuberculosis. Objetivo: caracterizar clínica y epidemiológicamente pacientes con tuberculosis. Métodos: investigación observacional descriptiva que incluyó los 24 casos notificados con tuberculosis en el municipio Cumanayagua de la provincia Cienfuegos, en el período 2007-2017. Las variables que se analizaron fueron: año del diagnóstico, clasificación según tipo de tuberculosis (pulmonar y extrapulmonar), edad, sexo, lugar del diagnóstico, ocupación, consejo popular, área de salud, factores de riesgo asociados, signos y síntomas. Los datos fueron recogidos de las series cronológicas y de las historias epidemiológicas dispuestas en la Unidad Municipal de Higiene y Epidemiología del municipio. El procesamiento de los datos se realizó en el programa Excel y se utilizaron porcientos y tasas de incidencia. Resultados: la mayor tasa de la enfermedad se presentó en el año 2013. El mayor número de casos se reportó en los pacientes de 55 a 59 años con nueve. Predominaron los pacientes con baciloscopia positiva con un 66,7 %. El 62,5 % fue diagnosticado en el segundo nivel de atención. Predominó el sexo masculino, jubilados y obreros agrícolas. Los factores de riesgo más frecuentes fueron el tabaquismo y alcoholismo. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron la tos, pérdida de peso, astenia y fiebre. Conclusiones: la tuberculosis en el municipio Cumanayagua se presentó de acuerdo a las características clínico epidemiológicas descritas en la literatura revisada; hubo dificultades en la oportunidad del diagnóstico en el primer nivel de atención.

Foundation: thyroid cancer represents 1 % of the total of all types of cancer. Its incidence seems to increase 4 % each year and it is currently the eighth most frequent cancers in women. Objective: to determine the behavior of thyroid cancer in the Cienfuegos Province for a 5 year period from January 1st 2011 to December 31st 2015. Method: a descriptive study was carried out in 94 patients operated on thyroid cancer in the Surgery Service of the Gustavo Aldereguía Lima Provincial Hospital Cienfuegos during a five year period. The variables analyzed were: age group, municipality of origin, initial symptom of the disease, tumor location, histological variety, clinical stage of the disease and post-surgical complications. A model of data collection was used with the variables of interest for the study and data were represented in tables of frequency, numbers and percentages. Results: thyroid cancer is more frequent in the age group of 41 to 50 years old, papillary histological variety predominated; the right lobule was the most affected. The disease was diagnosed in early stages, the neck volume increase was the most frequently referred symptom by the patients. Transitory recurrent paralysis was the most frequent complication and Aguada de Pasajeros the most affected municipality. Conclusion: thyroid cancer is more frequent in relatively young patients and it is diagnosed at early stages of the disease.

Objectives: to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and distribution of new leprosy cases in the population of Paulo Afonso, Bahia, between 2000 and 2015. Method: descriptive study with all new cases of leprosy reported at the Notifiable Diseases Information System. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were used and annual detection coefficients were calculated. Population estimates were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Results: most of the 1,069 new reported cases were female (57.2%), living in the urban area (92%), brown race/color (66.92%), elementary school (67.6%), over fifteen years of age (92.5%), tuberculoid clinical form (48.26%), paucibacillary (62.3%), degree of physical disability at diagnosis (45.93%) and cure (29.75%). Conclusion: the epidemiological profile of leprosy in Paulo Afonso is similar to the national one, with variations in leprosy detection coefficients between years and spatial analysis showing heterogeneous distribution, with a higher concentration of cases in peripheral neighborhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde is the property of Revista Brasileira em Promocao da Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: leprosy is a curable disease. If it is treated in its first phase, the disability it generates can be avoided. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically patients diagnosed with leprosy. Methods: case series study carried out in the Cumanayagua municipality of Cienfuegos, which included the 15 patients diagnosed with leprosy from 2009 to 2019, according to the database of the Municipal Hygiene and Epidemiology Unit of said municipality. The main variables were: age, sex, popular councils, clinical and operational classification, type of contact, applied treatment. Results: the group of 50-79 years represented 53.3%; females constituted 70.0% of the cases; the popular councils with the highest risks were Brisas with 46.6% and Vila with 20.0%; 73.3% were patients with multibacillary leprosy; more than 40.0% had skin anesthesia and infiltrations; detection was spontaneous in 46.6% of the patients. 73.3% received multibacillary treatment. Conclusions: leprosy is not currently a serious health problem in the Cumanayagua municipality, but it is not a completely eliminated disease, so knowledge of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of diagnosed patients is important for their better treatment and medical follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]