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Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune- mediated polyradiculoneuropathy, generally post-infectious, and is the leading cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide. Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and behavioral characteristics of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Material and methods: An observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out. The records of all patients with GBS from 2012-2022 were reviewed, and information on epidemiological and clinical variables was obtained. The incidence was calculated for each of the study years and the trend for the study period using the Pearson correlation coefficient, considering p ≤ 0.05 statistically significant. Results: A total of 477 cases were obtained, 67% were men, among the comorbidities, drug addictions were present in 31% of the cases. Most cases were preceded by a gastrointestinal infectious condition. The most common phenotype was acute motor axonal neuropathy. 29% showed up in summer. A statistically significant tendency to increase was observed (p ≤ 0.05) and a mortality of 2.5% with predominance in the axonal variety. Conclusions: The results of this study cover a relatively long period compared to other reviews, the findings agree with previous studies. GBS showed a statistically significant tendency to increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Peripheral and follicular helper T lymphocytes (Tph and Tfh, respectively) have an important role in B cell immune responses and the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although several studies on the number of Tph and Tfh cells in these conditions have been published, different phenotypes have been employed for their analysis. In this study, we assessed the levels and function of Tph and Tfh cells in blood samples from patients with RA and SLE by using an extended immunophenotype. In a cross-sectional pilot study, blood samples from twenty-seven patients with RA and fifteen with SLE, and twenty-six healthy controls were studied. The levels of Tph (CD4+PD-1+CXCR5−CD38+CD69+ICOS+) and Tfh (CD4+PD-1+CXCR5+CD38+CD69+ICOS+) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. In addition, the function of Tph/Tfh cells was estimated by measuring the synthesis of IL-21 by these lymphocytes as well as the number of circulating plasmablasts (CD19+CD27+CD20−CD38hi). Increased percentages of Tph and Tfh lymphocytes were detected in patients with RA and SLE. Furthermore, the synthesis of IL-21 tended to be higher in both conditions, and higher levels of plasmablasts were detected in these patients, compared to controls. In patients with SLE, the number of Tph cells was associated with disease activity and with the levels of circulating plasmablasts, whereas in patients with RA a significant correlation between Tph cells and evolution time was observed. Our data of Tph and Tfh lymphocytes, based in the analysis of an extended phenotype of these cells, provides further evidence on their involvement in the pathogenesis of RA and SLE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Introducción: La psoriasis y la artritis psoriásica son enfermedades autoinmunes cuya actividad clínica mantenida afecta el estado de salud de los pacientes; de ahí la importancia de su control. Objetivo: Describir los resultados de una intervención terapéutica con manejo multidisciplinario de pacientes con psoriasis y artritis psoriásicas. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación aplicada, con una serie de 47 casos con diagnóstico de psoriasis y artritis psoriásica. Se realizó el manejo multidisciplinario por especialista en dermatología y reumatología, con seguimiento de 12 meses a cada paciente. Se evaluaron como variables la intensidad del dolor articular, la presencia de manifestaciones dermatológicas y de otras manifestaciones como parte de la sintomatología de la enfermedad. Resultados: Promedio de edad inferior a los 45 años en ambas afecciones, predominaron los pacientes de sexo femenino tanto en la psoriasis (71,43 %) y en la artritis psoriásica (73,68 %). El 57,89 % de los pacientes con artritis psoriásica y el 42,86 % de pacientes con psoriasis presentó al menos una comorbilidad asociada. La hipertensión arterial, el hipotiroidismo y la diabetes mellitus fueron las comorbilidades más frecuentemente reportadas en ambos grupos de personas. Al inicio del estudio, en el 40,42 % de los casos se identificó actividad clínica moderada de ambas enfermedades. Conclusiones: El manejo multidisciplinario de pacientes con psoriasis y artritis psoriásica es fundamental para mejorar el control de la actividad clínica de los pacientes con psoriasis y artritis psoriásica; condiciona un aumento del porcentaje de pacientes con remisión de la enfermedad y actividad clínica leve/baja. more...

Foundation: Celiac disease is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease that affects genetically susceptible individuals due to a permanent intolerance to gluten. Celiac patients present a variety of clinical symptoms, and the oral cavity shows numerous alterations related to this disease.Objective: to identify the oral clinical manifestations of celiac disease in geriatric patients who consume gluten.Methods: descriptive and cross-sectional study, with 40 geriatric patients with a diagnosis and prescription of celiac disease by gastroenterology specialists, confirmed by clinical, serological, genetic and histopathological findings; who were referred to the stomatological consultation of the Specialty Polyclinic of the Saturnino Lora Torres Hospital, in Santiago de Cuba. An intraoral examination was performed, along with a description of the oral lesions and their clinical diagnosis. The studied variables were: age, sex, anatomical location, oral clinical signs and symptoms of the disease.Results: In the analyzed series, the female sex and the age group from 60 to 74 years predominated. Recurrent aphthous ulcer was the most frequent oral clinical sign related to celiac disease, followed by geographic tongue; pain, the most affected clinical symptom; and the dorsum of the tongue, the most observed location.Conclusions: The most relevant oral clinical manifestations in geriatric patients with celiac disease were recurrent aphthous ulcer and geographic tongue. more...

Copyright of Journal of the Argentine Society of Dermatology / Revista de la Journal Sociedad Argentina de Dermatología is the property of Editorial Biotecnologica S.R.L and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is an endocrine disease of genetic and autoimmune origin, which has been associated with the development of other autoimmune diseases (AD). The relationship between DM1 and AD such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune thyroiditis, and celiac disease is based in the overlap of the genes associated with the dysfunction of the immune system. Moreover, it has been observed that the presence of certain common antibodies in DM1 may have a role in the pathogenesis of other AD. In this regard, clinicalepidemiological research reports DM1 is related with a higher risk of developing AD. Thus, it is pertinent that patients with DM1 undergo screening and routine controls for the assessment of their inflammatory profiles, the presence of antibodies, and the functionality of their immune system. Furthermore, it is necessary that the scientific community carries out more preclinical and clinical studies to elucidate the relationship between DM1 and other AD, in order to develop effective therapeutic tools to combat this situation. The objective of this review article is to present the relationship between DM1 and other AD, and analyze the clinical evidence on the risk and probabilities of subjects of presenting AD secondary to DM1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) tends to coexist with other autimmune disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As both have autoimmune origins, the possibility exists that their pathophysiologic pathways connect at some point to explain their close association. Their relationship may have a predominant directionality from DM1 to RA, or it may be bidirectional, as a large population of individuals with RA spend time without being diagnosed with DM1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Likewise, it has been proposed that coexistence of autoimmune diseases in certain families may lend to a certain genetic predisposition for the development of both conditions. The objective of this review is to revise the pathophysiological and genetic mechanisms that connect DM1 and RA, in order to have a clear understanding of how they are connected, and how to act upon this in order to improve patients' quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Introduction: Autoimmune diseases pose a significant challenge to achieving pregnancy due to complications in pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns. Doppler flowmetry, a non-invasive examination for evaluating fetal and placental hemodynamics, plays a crucial role in monitoring high-risk pregnancies. Objective: To describe maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications in pregnant women with systemic autoimmune diseases, and their follow-up using Doppler flowmetry. Methods: This was an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of one hundred pregnant women with systemic autoimmune diseases from Villa Clara province who delivered between July 2017 and may 2020. Scientific observation and document review of medical records were used to collect empirical data, which were tabulated in Excel and analyzed using WHO's EPIDAT 3.1, contingency tables, and chi-square tests of homogeneity. Results: Pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) predominated (74%). Among fetal complications, fetal restriction (34 cases) was most common, followed by neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (33) and hypocalcemia (22), and maternal preeclampsia (43). Doppler flowmetry revealed alterations in the cerebroplacental index in 30 pregnant women and in the mean pulsatility index of the uterine artery in 20. Conclusions: Pregnant women with SLE were the most prevalent in the study. Fetal growth restriction was the most frequent complication for the fetus, hyperbilirubinemia for the newborn, and preeclampsia for the mother. The cerebroplacental index and mean pulsatility index of the uterine artery were the main pathological indicators in Doppler ultrasound follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Introducción: Las manifestaciones articulares constituyen la principal expresión extraintestinal de las enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales. Su importancia se centra en las ventajas que ofrece en cuanto a la orientación y confirmación diagnóstica de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Describir las manifestaciones articulares identificadas en pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Métodos: Investigación descriptiva y transversal, que tuvo como universo a 73 pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Se seleccionaron 62 pacientes quienes tenían en sus historias clínicas, la información completa y necesaria para la investigación. Se utilizó un formulario de recolección de información para datos relacionados con las variables del estudio que fueron características generales de los pacientes, características de la enfermedad y manifestaciones articulares. Resultados: Promedio de edad de 48,73 años, con predominio de pacientes entre 40 y 49 años (41,93 %), del sexo femenino (62,90 %), de procedencia urbana (77,42 %) y autoidentificados como blancos (45,16 %). El 54,84 % de los pacientes refirió tiempo de evolución entre 6 y 10 años. El 74,19 % presentaba al menos una comorbilidad asociada con predominio de hipertensión arterial (45,65 %), hipotiroidismos (30,43 %) y diabetes mellitus (23,91 %). En el 43,55 % de los casos existía historia de presencia de manifestaciones articulares, con predominio de artritis (29,63 %), artralgias (25,93 %) y lumbalgia inflamatoria (25,93 %). Conclusiones: Las manifestaciones articulares más frecuentemente identificadas en pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal fueron la artritis oligoarticular en miembros inferiores, artralgia en caderas y la lumbalgia inflamatoria aguda. more...

Introducción: Las enfermedades reumáticas se caracterizan por la presencia de un proceso inflamatorio mantenido. Son consideradas como una causa de discapacidad funcional y afectación de la percepción sobre la calidad de vida, relacionada con la salud. Objetivo: Describir los resultados de la aplicación de suplementación probiótica en el control del proceso inflamatorio en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación observacional y descriptiva en una serie de casos de 62 pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de enfermedades reumáticas. Se aplicó una intervención nutricional durante 10 meses, con nutrición suplementada con alimentos ricos en probióticos. Fueron utilizados yogurt, miso y pepinillos en conserva. Se estudiaron, como variables, las características generales y los marcadores de inflamación. Se utilizó la prueba de McNemar para identificar cambios en los resultados de los marcadores de inflamación. Resultados: Promedio de edad de 48,74 años, con predominio del sexo femenino (62,90 %), el diagnóstico de artritis reumatoidea (53,22 %) y con un tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad menor que 5 años (41,93 %). Destacó que a los 9 meses de suplementación probiótica se identificó aumento del porcentaje de pacientes con proteína C reactiva negativa, fibrinógeno y velocidad de sedimentación globular normal. Conclusiones: El uso de probióticos, según su mecanismo de acción, favorece el control del proceso inflamatorio local y sistémico en pacientes con enfermedades reumáticas. more...

La encefalitis límbica es una patología inflamatoria autoinmune que afecta al sistema límbico, que puede presentarse en personas de todas las edades, pero ocurre con mayor frecuencia en adultos mayores de 45 años con síntomas neuropsiquiátricos. Se asocia frecuentemente con anticuerpos, con factores desencadenantes como tumores, infecciones virales o inhibidores de puntos de control inmunológico. El reconocimiento oportuno de la encefalitis autoinmune permite ofrecer a los pacientes un tratamiento inmunosupresor lo antes posible para evitar la aparición de complicaciones graves y mejorar su pronóstico funcional. En este sentido, se presenta el caso de un paciente adulto que inició con síntomas neuropsiquiátricos cuatro años previos al diagnóstico con anticuerpos negativos. El diagnóstico fue de descarte por la mala respuesta al tratamiento psiquiátrico y las imágenes que se observaron en la resonancia magnética, fue valorado en instancia médico legal posterior a tratamiento con el anticuerpo monoclonal Rituximab. A pesar de que se describe que el diagnóstico es realizado por estudios de resonancia magnética, electroencefalografía, análisis del líquido cefalorraquídeo y pruebas de autoanticuerpos anti neuronales, en el paciente reportado se documentó únicamente una resonancia magnética de cerebro con zonas de hiperintensidad bifrontales con ribetes corticales temporales, no se logró detectar autoanticuerpos ni un tumor subyacente, pero presentó buena respuesta clínica con Rituximab, actualmente sólo presenta pocos déficits neurológicos. Por lo anterior, es importante considerar esta patología como diagnóstico diferencial ante un paciente con síntomas psiquiátricos, para evitar secuelas neurológicas. more...

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Autoimmune diseases are known to be associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases; however, there exists a lack of awareness regarding this increased risk among patients. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and events in various systemic autoimmune diseases, including Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), and Sjögren's syndrome (SS), matched by age, sex, and disease duration. Additionally, the study aimed to evaluate the perceived and actual risks of cardiovascular disease among patients. A cross-sectional self-reported survey on the patient's perspective of cardiovascular risk was conducted between January and June 2023. Sociodemographic and clinical data, including disease activity, were collected through medical records and questionnaires. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors and events were assessed, alongside the perceived cardiovascular risk. The SCORE calculation and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were employed for cardiovascular risk assessment. Survey responses from 180 patients (45 patients each with SSc, SLE, RA, and SS) with systemic autoimmune diseases revealed that 20% perceived a low risk, 23% perceived neither lower nor higher, and 56% perceived a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in the next ten years. Only 45% agreed that their autoimmune disease could increase the risk of a heart attack, even in the absence of other risk factors, and 46.7% were unaware that NSAIDs pose a cardiovascular risk. An association between cardiovascular risk measured by SCORE, comorbidities, and risk perception was observed in RA, SSc, and SS patients, with no association found in SLE patients (p = 0.27). Except for SS patients (p = 0.02), no association between CCI and disease activity level was found. Regarding the influence of age, working status, and education in CVD risk perception, an association between CVD risk perception and age was observed (p = 0.01), with patients over 40 years exhibiting a higher perception of CVD risk. No differences were found regarding working status (p = 0.19) nor education level (p = 0.06). Patients with SS, RA, and SSc displayed a heightened perception of cardiovascular risk, correlating with their actual risk and preexisting comorbidities. However, patients exhibited unawareness of certain cardiovascular risk behaviors. This underscores the need for tailored education programs on cardiovascular risk for autoimmune disease patients, to be implemented at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up in outpatient clinics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Introducción: La terapia de reemplazo renal (TRR) ha evolucionado significativamente desde su introducción, inicialmente utilizada para tratar la insuficiencia renal aguda, se aplica en diversos escenarios clínicos debido a las mejoras en las membranas y equipos. Han surgido otras técnicas como la aféresis terapéutica y la hemoadsorción, que permiten eliminar componentes específicos de la sangre. Estas terapias han demostrado ser prometedoras en el tratamiento de diversas enfermedades. Puntos importantes: La sepsis y el choque séptico son las causas más frecuentes de ingreso en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) y las terapias extra corpóreas (TEC) se han mostrado prometedoras en su manejo. La sepsis se caracteriza por una respuesta inflamatoria desregulada, que puede conducir a daño multiorgánico. Las TEC pueden ayudar a modular esta respuesta, eliminando mediadores inflamatorios y restableciendo el equilibrio inmunológico. Aunque la evidencia clínica aún no es concluyente para todas las indicaciones, los estudios han mostrado mejoras en parámetros clínicos como la disminución de la necesidad de vasopresores y la mejora de la oxigenación. La respuesta a las TEC puede ser variable entre pacientes debido a factores genéticos, epigenéticos y sociodemográficos. Conclusión: las terapias extracorpóreas se presentan como una herramienta prometedora en el manejo de pacientes críticos, y su uso se está expandiendo más allá de la sepsis. A medida que se acumule más evidencia científica, se espera que estas técnicas se consoliden como parte del tratamiento estándar en diversas patologías. more...

Foundation: rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that produces chronic and irreversible joint damage that leads to deterioration in quality of life and permanent disability with a worldwide prevalence of between 1.0 and 1.5 %. Objective: to identify the main clinical-epidemiological characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the Eastern Area Teaching Polyclinic of Camagüey. Methods: a descriptive case series study was carried out at the Eastern Area Teaching Polyclinic of Camagüey. From the universe of 108 patients, a sample of 102 was selected, once the selection criteria were applied. The variables were studied: age group, sex, skin color, years of diagnosis, clinical signs and symptoms, risk factors; as well as complications presented. SPSS was used to process the data and they were expressed in absolute values and percentages. Results: the age group of 60 years and older predominated (45.0 %), women (75.5 %), patients of white skin color (66.7 %), with rheumatoid arthritis of 16-20 years of evolution (22.5 %), vasculitis (25.5 %) and pain (94.1 %) among the main signs and symptoms, while coffee consumption (69.6 %) and female sex were found among the risk factors. modifiable and non-modifiable risk. Osteoporosis was the most notable of the complications presented (69.6 %). Conclusions: in the series studied, female sex, advanced age, pain as the main symptom, as well as osteoporosis stood out among the complications presented. more...

Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son el resultado de la interacción genética y ambiental que condiciona la integridad del corazón y los vasos sanguíneos. Los factores de riesgo incluyen infecciones. La respuesta inflamatoria contra el agente infeccioso es un desencadenante de las enfermedades cardiovasculares autoinmunes, debido a la similitud entre las proteínas del patógeno y los antígenos humanos, pues la respuesta inmunitaria puede presentar reactividad cruzada causada por mimetismo molecular. Métodos: Realizamos una búsqueda de patógenos involucrados en enfermedades cardíacas autoinmunes y de autoantígenos asociados a estas enfermedades en los buscadores Pubmed y Google Scholar. La identidad entre proteínas se realizó a través de alineamientos globales utilizando PSI-BLAST. Las estructuras 3D de las proteínas fue obtenida por Uniprot o NCBI y, si no se encontraban, las estructuras se modelaban por homología, utilizando el servidor Swiss Model. La predicción de los epítopes se realizó a través de Ellipro, y la Base de Datos de Epítopos Inmunológicos (IEDB). Además, se utilizó el programa PYMOL para la visualización de proteínas en 3D, y el posicionamiento de los epítopes en la estructura. Resultados: Diez proteínas cardiovasculares mostraron una identidad (30-88,24%) en sus secuencias de aminoácidos con antígenos de diez patógenos. Las proteínas de actina y las familias de proteínas de choque térmico (HSP, por sus siglas en inglés), presentaron niveles de identidad más altos con Trypanosoma Cruzi, Cryptococcus neoformans y Chlamydia trachomatis, 71,47%, 88,24% y 80,61%, respectivamente. Otros patógenos, como Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus sp, Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense, Helicobacter pylori y Chlamydia pneumoniae, presentaron identidad moderada con un valor máximo del 65,79%. Conclusión: La actina humana y las HSP comparten un alto grado de conservación con epítopos de varios microorganismos, como bacterias, hongos y protozoos; lo que sugiere la imitación molecular y la reactividad cruzada como mecanismos para el desarrollo de la aterosclerosis, la enfermedad cardíaca reumática, la miocarditis y la enfermedad cardíaca de Chagas. Se necesitan trabajos in vitro e in vivo, que demuestren los resultados obtenidos en el análisis In Silico. more...

Autoimmune disorders (AD) comprise various heterogeneous pathologies which have been associated with the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The pathophysiological mechanisms interrelating these clinical entities are complex and are based on proinflammatory processes mediated by the immune system. Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and other AD have been described to lead to a systemic inflammatory state capable of leading to endothelial dysfunction, cardiac remodeling, thrombosis, and other deleterious processes which affect the cardiovascular system. In recent years. High-quality clinical and epidemiological evidence has allowed the confirmation of the relationship between AD and CVD, highlighting the duration and inflammatory activity of the AD as key risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality. It is important that specialists diagnose and evaluate these risk factors in patients with AD, in order to carry out an efficacious and opportune therapeutic approach looking to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The objective of this review article is to describe the molecular mechanisms linking AD with CVD, and examine the scientific support establishing the clinical relationship between both pathologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Revista Médica de Rosario is the property of Circulo Medico de Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Arxiu d'Etnografia de Catalunya is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Los trastornos autoinmunes representan una familia de al menos 80 condiciones diferentes que surgen de una respuesta aberrante del sistema inmunológico resultando finalmente en la destrucción de tejidos y órganos específicos del cuerpo. Es importante destacar que durante las últimas tres décadas los estudios epidemiológicos han proporcionado evidencia de un aumento constante en la incidencia y prevalencia de trastornos autoinmunes. En los últimos años, varios estudios han demostrado que la vitamina D y los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (AGPs) omega-3 ejercen propiedades inmunomoduladoras y antiinflamatorias sinérgicas que pueden aprovecharse positivamente para la prevención y el tratamiento de trastornos autoinmunes. En este sentido, el reciente ensayo clínico denominado VITAL (ensayo de vitamina D y omega 3); un estudio a gran escala, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo encontró que la suplementación conjunta de vitamina D y AGPs omega-3 (VIDOM) puede reducir la incidencia de enfermedades autoinmunes. En esta revisión de la literatura, resumimos los mecanismos moleculares detrás de las propiedades inmunomoduladoras y antiinflamatorias de la vitamina D y los AGPs omega-3, así como la posible interacción bidireccional entre el metabolismo de la vitamina D y el metabolismo de los AGPs omega-3 que justifica la co- suplementación VIDOM en trastornos autoinmunes. more...

Introducción: La espondilitis enteropática es una enfermedad inflamatoria, sistémica y crónica que se caracteriza por afectar el aparato digestivo y el sistema osteomioarticular; el proceso inflamatorio genera manifestaciones clínicas que afectan la capacidad funcional y la percepción de calidad de vida de los pacientes. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de una intervención nutricional orientada al control del proceso inflamatorio en pacientes con espondilitis enteropática. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación observacional y descriptiva longitudinal que incluyó como universo a 19 pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de espondilitis enteropática atendidos en el Hospital Andino de Chimborazo en el periodo comprendido entre julio 2022 y julio 2023. La muestra quedó conformada por 17 pacientes. Se aplicó una intervención nutricional durante 10 meses que incluyó como elemento central la suplementación con alimentos ricos en probióticos según esquema definido por especialista en nutrición clínica. Resultados: Promedio de edad de 43,51 años, predominio del sexo femenino (64,70 %) y del tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad entre 5 y 10 años (58,82 %). Todos los marcadores de inflamación medidos durante el estudio mejoraron durante el seguimiento realizado a los pacientes; a los 9 meses se identificó aumento del porcentaje de pacientes con proteína C reactiva negativa y fibrinógeno y velocidad de sedimentación globular normal. Conclusiones: La intervención nutricional aplicada contribuye a mejorar los valores séricos de los marcadores de inflamación en los pacientes con diagnóstico de espondilitis enteropática. more...

Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an autoimmune and demyelinating disease. It is rare in adults. It has 3 main variants. One of them is Weston-Hurst syndrome, also called acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis. The objective was to share the experience in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of this rare disease, as well as make a review of the current bibliography, in order to collaborate in the knowledge of this disease. Clinical case: 27-year-old woman, with a viral respiratory infection 2 weeks prior to the development of a neurological syndrome characterized by paresthesia, motor deficit, status epilepticus and acute encephalopathy, progressing rapidly to coma, with evidence in MRI of diffuse hemorrhagic lesions in cerebral white matter with demyelination and peripheral edema. It was administered steroid treatment for 5 days, with improvement of symptoms, but with motor and sensory deficits persisting. Conclusion: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and its variants are rare entities, with an important range of differential diagnosis, which must be identified and quickly treated to avoid their lethal or disabling outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Introduction: Up to 25% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) debut with autoimmunity, which is related to the Freiburg classification, which is based on flow cytometry. Objective: to determine the frequency and type of autoimmune diseases and their association with the Freiburg classification in adults with CVID. Material and methods: A cross-sectional, analytical and observational study was carried out with 33 patients belonging to the Primary Immunodeficiency Clinic of a third level hospital, with a diagnosis of CVID. They were divided into 3 phenotypes according to the Freiburg classification. Results: Of the 33 patients studied, 66.6% presented autoimmune diseases, 19 of them (86.3%) had cytopenia; 42.1% belonged to Freiburg group Ia, 36.8% to Ib and 21% to phenotype II. In 36.6% of the patients, autoimmune cytopenia were the first manifestation of CVID; and up to 70% of them belong to the Freiburg phenotype Ia (p = 0.086). Patients with autoimmune cytopenia had a lower percentage of isotype-switched memory B cells (p = 0.018), no higher percentage of CD21low B cells (p = 0.226). Conclusions: Classification by CVID phenotypes allows the identification of the patient's profile according to the percentage of memory B cells with isotype change, which is useful to intentionally search for non-infectious complications of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

El síndrome de Sjögren (SS) es una enfermedad autoinmune que afecta a las glándulas salivales y lagrimales. Se expone el caso clínico de una paciente de 67 años de género femenino que consulta por dolor en múltiples dientes; relata sensación de boca seca (xerostomía) y sequedad ocular (xeroftalmia). Al examen intraoral, se observan múltiples caries en superficies atípicas, mucosas secas, saliva espumosa y notoria depapilación lingual. Se sospecha de SS, derivando a medicina interna y confirmándose el diagnóstico. En paralelo, se inicia el tratamiento odontológico, realizando adaptaciones en los procedimientos para aliviar la sintomatología del SS, especialmente durante tratamientos endodónticos. more...

Sudden hearing loss is an acute-onset entity secondary to multiple etiologies, including rheumatologic diseases. Typically, its involvement is unilateral associated with a sensation of ear plugging and tinnitus. The diagnosis is based on the history, physical examination, and audiometry. The first-line treatment is corticosteroids associated or not with other therapeutic agents according to their etiology. The prognosis depends on the degree of initial hearing loss, time of initiation of treatment, and factors inherent to the patient. We presented three clinical cases of sudden hearing loss as the initial manifestation of rheumatological disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Background: Among the autoimmune diseases causing erosive lesions and blisters on skin and mucous membranes is pemphigus. Within this is a rare subtype known as seborrheic pemphigus or Senear-usher syndrome which is characterized by broken blisters and crusts involving the seborrheic areas. Case report: A 40-year-old female patient, initially treated in a first level unit for a condition of 45 days of evolution, characterized by thick scabby lesions with an erythematous base, pruritic and painful, located in the center of the face, with posterior extension towards the abdomen, thorax, and extremities. Treatment consisted of prednisolone, with favorable evolution. The biopsy of the lesions with the diagnosis of seborrheic pemphigus. Conclusion: Senear-usher syndrome is a rare disease of multifactorial origin. Early diagnosis and adequate treatment are decisive factors to avoid the evolution and advanced forms of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Introducción: La Covid-19, además de propagarse de persona a persona, atenta contra la estabilidad económica y política de las naciones y ha causado infecciones respiratorias letales en humanos. Esto puede ser relevante cuando se trata de la infección de un paciente inmunocomprometido, potencialmente protegido por una respuesta inmunológica más débil contra la infección.Objetivo: Describir la relación de la Covid-19 con algunas enfermedades autoinmunes.Métodos: Se emplearon los métodos de análisis-síntesis y análisis bibliográfico y documental; los motores de búsqueda fueron Hinari, Pubmed, ClinicalKey, Scielo regional, Scielo Cuba, Google Scholar.Conclusiones: Los pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes son catalogados como pacientes de riesgo. En caso de ser confirmados con Covid-19 se les debe suspender la mayoría de sus medicamentos y mantener solamente sus tratamientos con hidroxicloroquina e inhibidores de IL-6 en caso de artritis autoinmune, y el acetato de glatiramero en la Esclerosis Múltiple. Estas personas deben seguir estrictamente las medidas orientadas por las autoridades sanitarias. more...

Objetivo: Analizar las características clínicas de pacientes convalecientes para COVID-19, que presentan persistencia de IgM. Métodos: Estudio analítico. Se evaluaron 614 pacientes, a partir del día 21 hasta 175 posteriores al inicio de los síntomas. Resultaron 19 casos con IgM positivo (3,1%). Un grupo control se utilizó para comparar las variables clínicas, agrupándolas por categorías y aplicando la prueba chi-cuadrado o exacta de Fisher (p more...

Backround: Venous thromboembolic disease (VTED) is a frequent cause of hospitalization and mortality. Whole blood viscosity (WBV) participates in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. Objective: To identify the most frequent etiologies and their association with WBV index (WBVI) in hospitalized patients with VTED. Material and methods: Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, analytical study, Group 1: cases (patients diagnosed with VTED) and Group 2: controls without thrombosis. Risk factors for VTED were described and WBVI was calculated from total proteins and hematocrit. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used with Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney U test, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: We included 146 patients and 148 controls, age 46.3 ±17.7 vs. 58 ± 18.2 years, of both sexes (female, 65.1%). The most frequent etiology was neoplastic (23.3%), followed by diseases with cardiovascular risk (17.8%). Independent risk factors for VTED were age, chronic kidney disease, presence of liver disease or solid neoplasia. WBVI was similar in patients with VTED as in those without thrombosis. We found an association of the presence of deep vein thrombosis and diseases with cardiovascular risk (p = 0.040). Conclusions: The presence of chronic kidney disease, liver disease, and solid neoplasia are independent risk factors for VTED. The WBVI is a simple and rapid diagnostic tool in the evaluation of patients with VTED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Background: The indiscriminate application of substances for aesthetic purposes, such as silicone in breast implants, leads to the production of common local signs such as inflammation, skin irregularities, edema, erythema, vascular neoformations, and ulcers, which can evolve into general symptoms such as fever, asthenia, weakness, arthralgia or activate the immune system abnormally, causing the appearance of autoimmune diseases. This set of signs and symptoms is called adjuvant-induced autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome. Clinical case: We present the case of a 50-year-old woman with a history of silicone-based breast implants who spontaneously developed a hemorrhagic coagulopathy, type A acquired hemophilia was documented, that is, autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII. Thanks to the work of a multidisciplinary team, it is possible to successfully diagnose and treat the patient with bridging agents, implant removal and management of associated symptoms. Conclusion: The importance of knowing the pathology is recognized, which, although it is rare, when it occurs has a high mortality rate if it is not diagnosed and treated on time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología is the property of Fundacion Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Durante la infección aguda por el SARVS-CoV-2 se produce una desregulación del sistema inmune que puede durar hasta ocho meses después de controlado el cuadro agudo. Esto, sumado a otros factores, posiblemente este asociado con un aumento del riesgo de aparición y concurrencia de enfermedades autoinmunes. La aparición simultanea del síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) y púrpura trombocitopénica (PTI) se ha reportado poco en la literatura, y el SGB raramente se asocia con otra enfermedad autoinmune. Presentamos el caso de un varón que luego de un mes de tener un cuadro agudo de COVID-19 moderado, presentó concurrentemente SGB y PTI con respuesta adecuada al tratamiento. more...

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Introducción: Los pacientes con Enfermedades Autoinmunes Sistémicas (EAS) tienen alto riesgo de desarrollar Enfermedad Tromboembólica Venosa (ETV). El comportamiento clínico una vez empiezan con el tratamiento anticoagulante acaba de ser descrito por el grupo RIETE durante este año. Material y métodos: Creamos una base de datos en el Hospital Reina Sofía para comparar características basales, tratamiento y eventos (tasas de recurrencias, sangrado mayor y muerte) durante el tratamiento anticoagulante de acuerdo a la presencia o ausencia de EAS. Resultados: El 15,6% de los pacientes incluídos en el estudio presentaba una EAS. Observamos mayor presencia de ETV idiopático (p 0,003) y de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos (p 0,026) en el grupo EAS así como un mayor uso de fármacos anti-vitiamina K (p 0,036). Se apreció mayor tasa de recurrencia en el grupo EAS (OR: 3.75; IC 95%: 1.77,7.96) que se mantuvo en el análisis multivariante. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos difieren a los observados en RIETE. Dado que la población a estudio es diferente, no es posible establecer una comparación directa. more...

Mujer de 32 años, asmática en tratamiento irregular con prednisona (ultima dosis hace 1 mes), Enfermedad de Graves Basedow desde hace 3 años, reinició tratamiento hace 3 meses (metimazol 40 mg/día), antecedente de aborto dos semanas previas al ingreso. Acude por pérdida del conocimiento, constatándose hipoglucemia. Al persistir el cuadro de hipoglucemia a pesar del tratamiento instaurado y descartadas otras causas etiológicas, la evaluación endocrinológica confirma hipoglucemia autoinmune, niveles de autoanticuerpos contra la insulina e insulina extremadamente elevados. more...

Introducción: la hipofisitis es una enfermedad inflamatoria de la hipófisis que puede comprometer cualquier porción de la glándula y generar alteración en los ejes hormonales. Dentro de las causas primarias la más frecuente es la hipofisitis linfocítica o autoinmune. Objetivo: presentar un caso de interés con el abordaje clínico realizado. Presentación del caso: en el texto se presenta el caso de una paciente con antecedente personal de lupus a quien se le documentan deficiencias hormonales hipofisiarias y en quien se realiza un diagnóstico presuntivo de hipofisitis autoinmune con base en la clínica y los hallazgos de laboratorios, pero con imágenes craneales normales, descartando los demás diagnósticos diferenciales. Discusión y conclusión: la hipofisitis se puede clasificar como primaria o secundaria según la causa, el diagnóstico definitivo es con la patología que en muchos casos no es necesaria. Las imágenes de silla turca apoyan el diagnóstico y ayudan a descartar diferenciales, pero existen casos descritos de hipofisitis con exámenes normales. Además, se presenta el abordaje diagnóstico a la deficiencia de hormonas pituitarias en una paciente con enfermedad autoinmune con sospecha de adenohipofisitis por clínica, antecedentes y perfil bioquímico aun en el contexto de imágenes normales. more...