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This article critically examines current conceptualisations of learner feedback agency (LFA) by juxtaposing them against debates and origins of agency to uncover their existing limitations. This examination found three limitations, portraying LFA as a static construct, overemphasising behavioural enactments over underlying deliberations, and presenting a unidirectional influence of structures on LFA. Responding to these limitations, the article proposes a three-fold re-conceptualisation of LFA as (1) situational, highlighting the adaptability of learners in dynamic learning environments, urging a shift from static to situation-specific considerations; (2) deliberative, underscoring the significance of examining learners' thought processes beyond behavioural actions, and (3) entangled, recognising the co-constructive relationship between learners' actions and existing structures, emphasising that learners not only respond to, but also influence structures in feedback. Implications of these perspectives are discussed, challenging prevailing assumptions and advocating for a more robust understanding of LFA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study investigates EFL teachers' perceptions of electronic corrective feedback in Saudi Arabia and the impact of electronic feedback on students' learning process. It also seeks to elucidate the benefits and limitations of using electronic feedback through the Madrasati platform on students' writing. The significance of this study lies in its exploration of the evolving landscape of educational technology in Saudi Arabian EFL teaching and learning providing insights to optimize feedback practices and enhance professional development, policy making, and student outcomes. The study addresses two primary questions: a) what are EFL teachers' perceptions of electronic corrective feedback? b) which types and methods of electronic feedback did teachers utilize the most and were found effective? This research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing a questionnaire to gather data. The study sample comprised 141 EFL teachers from public secondary and high schools in Saudi Arabia. Several significant conclusions were drawn from the study. Firstly, the results indicated a high level of satisfaction with the benefits of electronic corrective feedback among Saudi Arabian teachers; they highly value the feedback provided by this method. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Madrasati platform emerged as the most frequently used tool, as teachers were initially mandated to utilize it for delivering feedback. The findings revealed that Saudi EFL teachers identified explanation and description as the most effective forms of correction. Furthermore, the study's results demonstrated that Saudi teachers did not believe electronic corrective feedback would impede their ability to provide adequate student feedback. The study also discussed several pedagogical implications and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral anticancer therapies such as protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) are increasingly prescribed in cancer care. We aimed to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-led interprofessional medication adherence program (IMAP) on patient implementation (dosing history), persistence (time until premature cessation of the treatment) and adherence to 27 PKIs prescribed for various solid cancers, as well as the impact on patients' beliefs about medicines (BAM) and quality of life (QoL). Methods: Patients (n = 118) were randomized 1:1 into two arms. In the intervention arm, pharmacists supported patient adherence through monthly electronic and motivational feedback, including educational, behavioral and affective components, for 12 months. The control arm received standard care plus EM without intervention. All PKIs were delivered in electronic monitors (EMs). Medication implementation and adherence were compared between groups using generalized estimating equation models, in which relevant covariables were included; persistence was compared with Kaplan‒Meier curves. Information on all treatment interruptions was compiled for the analysis. Questionnaires to evaluate BAM and QoL were completed among patients who refused and those who accepted to participate at inclusion, 6 and 12 months post-inclusion or at study exit. Results: Day-by-day PKI implementation was consistently higher and statistically significant in the intervention arm (n = 58) than in the control arm (n = 60), with 98.1% and 95.0% (Δ3.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI) of the difference 2.5%; 3.7%) implementation at 6 months, respectively. The probabilities of persistence and adherence were not different between groups, and no difference was found between groups for BAM and QoL scores. No difference in BAM or QoL was found among patients who refused versus those who participated. The intervention benefited mostly men (at 6 months, Δ4.7%, 95% CI 3.4%; 6.0%), those younger than 60 years (Δ4.0%, 95% CI 3.1%; 4.9%), those who had initiated PKI more than 60 days ago before inclusion (Δ4.5%, 95% CI 3.6%; 5.4%), patients without metastasis (Δ4.5%, 95% CI 3.4%; 5.7%), those who were diagnosed with metastasis more than 2 years ago (Δ5.3%, 95% CI 4.3%; 6.4%) and those who had never used any adherence tool before inclusion (Δ3.8%, 95% CI 3.1%; 4.5%). Conclusions: The IMAP, led by pharmacists in the context of an interprofessional collaborative practice, supported adherence, specifically implementation, to PKIs among patients with solid cancers. To manage adverse drug events, PKI transient interruptions are often mandated as part of a strategy for treatment and adherence optimization according to guidelines. Implementation of longer-term medication adherence interventions in the daily clinic may contribute to the improvement of progression-free survival. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04484064. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the Fourier law of heat conduction, this paper was concerned with the thermoelastic Timoshenko system with memory and variable delay in the internal feedback, which describes the transverse vibration of a beam. By the Lummer-Phillips theorem and the variable norm technique suitable for the nonautonomous operator, the stability of the coupled system has been derived in space H . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teacher-moderated online chats are a common option for conducting writing conferences with students. The efficacy of chat sessions is impacted by the expectations for and structure of these sessions. This corpus-based study used a move analysis to determine the purposes and organization of 129 chats between 3 experienced teachers and 106 students of primarily Chinese and Arabic origin in 9 freshman English as a second language (ESL) writing courses. Chats occurred after a draft of an essay assignment had been returned with written teacher feedback, in order to provide opportunities for students to receive individualized input. Findings show that chats are structured to serve three functions: opening and closing social moves (greetings, conversational pleasantries) meant to establish rapport; management moves that serve to structure and orient the chat; and instructional moves in which the teachers and students confer and additional feedback is provided. However, chats were not as effective at engaging participants as they could be due to a lack of intentionality and reciprocity. With prior research showing chats are a useful addition to other forms of teacher electronic feedback, we offer suggestions for improving the use of instructional chats in freshman ESL writing classes, in order to better engage students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building reliable fast orbit feedback (FOFB) systems to offer high stability of the beam orbit becomes more challenging for the diffraction-limited storage ring due to the smaller beam size. The beam position measurement and control (BPMC) processor has been developed to streamline the FOFB system architecture by integrating BPM (Beam Position Monitor) electronics and an orbit feedback controller. This paper designs a hierarchical dual-ring network topology based on BPMC processors using parameters derived from the storage ring of the Hefei Advanced Light Facility. To reduce latency and prevent data transmission collisions, we propose a multi-forwarding communication scheme and a communication controller design in a field-programmable gate array. Experimental results verify that this topology operates reliably with the multi-forwarding scheme, providing an approximate communication latency as low as 17.336 μs to support the 30 kHz orbit feedback update rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has suggested that e-feedback mechanisms are widely misunderstood, difficult to perform efficiently, and often need to fulfill expectations to affect student performance substantially (Carless & Boud, 2018). To better understand EFL learners' e-feedback practices, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive picture of EFL learners' e-feedback practices throughout the pandemic in the general preparatory year college at Majmaah University. This paper employed a quantitative method. More specifically, this study reports student responses to the e-questionnaire, which investigated the impact of e-feedback on students' academic performance and the challenges these EFL learners face typically caused by e-feedback practices. The findings suggest that the EFL students received considerable technical support from the university through Blackboard training sessions. Also, they had instructors' support regarding immediate, timely, and detailed e-feedback on all tasks, quizzes, and tests via various electronic tools. The study revealed the most important factors affecting students' performance, such as engaging in discussions, comprehending feedback, utilizing e-feedback, aligning e-feedback with learning goals, using the instructor's expertise in delivering suitable feedback, and employing effective learning strategies. Furthermore, the data showed that the students have the following challenges: difficulties logging into the Blackboard platform regularly due to network issues, needing to be informed about the importance of e-feedback, and lack of motivation to use e-feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research project aims to reveal the impact of the interaction between the electronic feed back environment and Cognitive Holding Power in developing supra-cognitive thinking and academic achievement in the psychometric and educational assessment course for students of the College of Education in Rustaq state, and the research relies on its procedures on the semiexperimental approach based on the design factorial design ( 2 × 2), and the exploratory research sample consists of (70) male and female students in the College of Education in Rustaq state in the first, the second and third academic year, while the final research sample will consist of (011) male and female students in the College of Education in al Rustaq state in majors (Chemistry - Mathematics) divided into four experimental groups equal in number according to the pattern of electronic feedback provided, As well as the ranks of Cognitive Holding Power. the research team build the research tools; a measure to measure the Cognitive Holding Power, a measure to measure the supra-cognitive thinking, and a test to measure academic achievement for the psychometric and educational assessment course - and an electronic training program based on the feedback environment (corrective and interpretative), and using a (t)test For independent samples, unidirectional variance analysis( One way Anova), two-way analysis of variance, and the formula (ETA, to calculate the effect size) through the statistical analysis program (SPSS), and we expect the results of the following: There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.01) between the mean scores of students of experimental groups in the supra-cognitive thinking, due to the effect of the different electronic feedback environment (corrective – explanatory). There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.01) between the mean scores of students of experimental groups in supra-cognitive thinking, due to the effect of the difference in the Cognitive Holding Power ranks (first-second),There are statistically significant differences at the level of (0.01) between the average scores of students of experimental groups in academic achievement, due to the effect of the different electronic feedback environment (corrective - explanatory).There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.01) between the mean scores of students of experimental groups in academic achievement, due to the effect of the difference in the ranks of the Cognitive Holding Power (the first – the second).There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.01) between the mean scores of students of experimental groups in the skills of supra-cognitive thinking, due to the effect of the interaction between the two modes of presentation of the electronic feedback environment (corrective - explanatory), and the Cognitive Holding Power (he first –second),There are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.01) between the average scores of students of experimental groups in academic achievement, due to the effect of the interaction between the two modes of presentation of the electronic feedback environment (corrective - explanatory), and the Cognitive Holding Power (first - second) ranks.There is a high impact size of the electronic learning environment (corrective - explanatory), which depends on the first rank of the Cognitive Holding Power that dominates over cognitive thinking and academic achievement among students of the College of Education in Rustaq state. There is a high impact size for the electronic (corrective - explanatory) learning environment, which depends on the second rank of the Cognitive Holding Power that dominates over cognitive thinking and academic achievement for students of the College of Education in Rustaq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microelectronic devices can directly communicate with biology, as electronic information can be transmitted via redox reactions within biological systems. By engineering biology's native redox networks, we enable electronic interrogation and control of biological systems at several hierarchical levels: proteins, cells, and cell consortia. First, electro-biofabrication facilitates on-device biological component assembly. Then, electrode-actuated redox data transmission and redox-linked synthetic biology allows programming of enzyme activity and closed-loop electrogenetic control of cellular function. Specifically, horseradish peroxidase is assembled onto interdigitated electrodes where electrode-generated hydrogen peroxide controls its activity. E. coli's stress response regulon, oxyRS, is rewired to enable algorithm-based feedback control of gene expression, including an eCRISPR module that switches cell-cell quorum sensing communication from one autoinducer to another—creating an electronically controlled 'bilingual' cell. Then, these disparate redox-guided devices are wirelessly connected, enabling real-time communication and user-based control. We suggest these methodologies will help us to better understand and develop sophisticated control for biology. With redox-linked synthetic biology and electrobiofabrication, electronic information can be transmitted in a bidirectional manner between biology and electronics. Here the authors design an electrogenetic platform that allows real time electronic control of biological functions from proteins and gene circuits to cell consortia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid advance in educational technology, electronic feedback (e-feedback) has found its way to EFL writing process. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of three e-feedback modes, that is, automated written corrective feedback (AWCF), asynchronous computer-mediated communication (ACMC), and their combination on EFL learner's writing performance and to examine learner's perceptions towards these three feedback modes. A total of 122 EFL learners from a Chinese university participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to four groups, each of which received a different type of feedback (i.e. self-feedback, AWCF, ACMC, AWCF plus ACMC) in their writing process. Findings revealed that the AWCF plus ACMC group outperformed the others in terms of complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF). In addition, the results of the questionnaire and interviews indicated that higher evaluations and more positive feelings went to the AWCF plus ACMC mode. These results suggest that this combination mode may meet individual needs in revising, maximize the writing effectiveness, and help the learners to become more autonomous and motivated in the writing process. Finally, implications for English writing pedagogy in the post-pandemic era are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Customization, a marketing strategy through providing personalized products, might be a new solution to motivate consumer feedbacks in electronic commerce (e-commerce) websites. Taking the dual-value of customization (emotional involvement and uniqueness expression) as the theoretical basis, this study aims to investigate the impact of customization on consumer's word-of-mouth (WOM) behaviors and contents by motivating: (1) more, (2) faster, (3) positive at first and then negative, (4) longer and (5) more helpful WOMs. Design/methodology/approach: A field study was conducted with multi-sourced data: customer order data from a Chinese retailer and WOM data from Amazon.com. The two datasets were matched to filter out 463 online reviews among 6,892 customers who placed customized orders. Heckman's two-stage model, logistic regression, Ordinary least squares regression, Tobit regression, analysis of covariance and Lind–Mehlum U Test were used in the data analysis. Findings: This study has found that (1) customization level motivates WOM behaviors including WOM posting and WOM speed, (2) an inverted U-shaped relationship exists between customization level and consumer rating and (3) customization level has a significantly positive impact on WOM helpfulness but not on WOM length. Originality/value: This study advances theoretical development in the area of WOM motivators by proposing a new product-centric approach, customization, to stimulate voluntary WOMs. Empirical field research that analyzes consumer's real responses to customization is in scarcity. The dual-value of customized products is proposed as the underlying mechanism to explain the impact of customization level on consumer's WOM behaviors/contents. An interesting inverted U-shaped relationship is found between customization level and customer rating. This research provides nuanced practical guidance for websites, companies and consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares force and strain feedback for a contact force controller implemented in a constrained flexible manipulator for three-dimensional motion. In the experiments, force inputs of -1, -2 and -3 N were supplied as targets along z-axis direction and the feedback methods compared for their ability in tracking the supplied force. From the results, strain feedback was able to correct for slippage on the contact surface due to increased input force. It was thus concluded that strain feedback is better than force feedback for the constrained flexible manipulator. As a general guideline, it was also found that recordings should be collected at tip of the manipulator instead of the root to reduce noise levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Active reset of qubits is a crucial step in achieving quantum algorithms, particularly in fault-tolerant quantum computing, as it allows qubits to be quickly initialized to the ground state. In this paper, we demonstrate active reset of superconducting qubits using the feedback electronics based on RF switches. We are able to reset the qubit to the ground state in 11.412 µs with a success rate of 99.82%, which is better than the natural relaxation method in terms of both time consumption (180 µs) and success rate (99.61%). The demonstrated method facilitates fast and high-fidelity qubit initialization, holding practical significance for large-scale quantum computation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Engaging communities in the design, implementation and monitoring of health services is critical for delivering high‐quality, person‐centred services that keep people living with HIV engaged in care. The USAID‐funded Integrated HIV/AIDS Project in Haut‐Katanga (IHAP‐HK) integrated an electronic client feedback tool into continuous quality improvement (CQI) processes. We aimed to demonstrate this system's impact on identifying and improving critical quality‐of‐care gaps. Methods: Through stakeholder and empathy mapping, IHAP‐HK co‐designed a service quality monitoring system—comprising anonymous exit interviews and ongoing monitoring through CQI cycles—with people living with HIV, facility‐based providers and other community stakeholders. IHAP‐HK trained 30 peer educators to administer oral, 10‐ to 15‐minute exit interviews with people living with HIV following clinic appointments, and record responses via the KoboToolbox application. IHAP‐HK shared client feedback with facility CQI teams and peer educators; identified quality‐of‐care gaps; discussed remediation steps for inclusion in facility‐level improvement plans; and monitored implementation of identified actions. IHAP‐HK tested this system at eight high‐volume facilities in Haut‐Katanga province from May 2021 through September 2022. Results: Findings from 4917 interviews highlighted wait time, stigma, service confidentiality and viral load (VL) turnaround time as key issues. Solutions implemented included: (1) using peer educators to conduct preparatory tasks (pre‐packaging and distributing refills; pulling client files) or escort clients to consultation rooms; (2) limiting personnel in consultation rooms during client appointments; (3) improving facility access cards; and (4) informing clients of VL results via telephone or home visits. Due to these actions, between initial (May 2021) and final interviews (September 2022), client satisfaction with wait times improved (76% to 100% reporting excellent or acceptable wait times); reported cases of stigma decreased (5% to 0%); service confidentiality improved (71% to 99%); and VL turnaround time decreased (45% to 2% informed of VL results 3 months after sample collection). Conclusions: Our results showed the feasibility and effectiveness of using an electronic client feedback tool embedded in CQI processes to collect client perspectives to improve service quality and advance client‐responsive care in the Democratic Republic of Congo. IHAP‐HK recommends further testing and expansion of this system to advance person‐centred health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging has become a useful tool in medical diagnosis over the past 25 years, because of its ability to visualize intracellular structures at high resolution. The main objective of this work is to add electronic feedback to the optical coherence tomography setup to increase its sensitivity. Noise added to the measured interferogram obscures some details of examined tissue layered structure. Adjusting signal power level in such a way to improve signal-to -noise ratio can help to enhance image quality. Electronic feedback is added to enhance system sensitivity. A logarithmic amplifier is included in the OCT setup to automatically adapt signal level. Moreover, the resolution of the optical spectrum analyzer is controlled according to the farthest layer detected in the A-scan. These techniques are tested showing an improvement in obtained image of a human nail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic Writing course has been considered as indispensable in tertiary education for its numerous implications in real, social and professional life. Accordingly, several strategies have been postulated to master writing. Apart from writing strategies, the conduct of written corrective feedback matters which can be traditional, electronic or hybrid. In this respect, this study was conducted to measure the effects of electronic written corrective feedback at TISHK International University on Language Preparatory School students in Erbil, Iraq. 50 students were chosen by employing a purposive sampling method. The study lasted for 10 weeks in 2021-2022 Academic Year. Both groups received the feedback traditionally in the first submission. However, experimental group received e-feedback, whereas control group received paper-based feedback in the second submission. Based on the collected data via writing exams, interview and questionnaire, it was figured out that experimental group students who received a traditional and electronic feedback instruction equally outperformed in terms of writing scores, motivation and submission rates. The findings of this study can have some implications for the stakeholders who are responsible for running Academic Writing courses in different countries.

This paper mainly studies the problem of using UAVs to provide accurate remote target indication for hypersonic projectiles. Based on the optimal trajectory trends and feedback guidance methods, a new cooperative control algorithm is proposed to optimize trajectories of multi-UAVs for target tracking in approaching stage. Based on UAV kinematics and sensor performance models, optimal trajectory trends of UAVs are analyzed theoretically. Then, feedback guidance methods are proposed under the optimal observation trends of UAVs in the approaching target stage, producing trajectories with far less computational complexity and performance very close to the best-known trajectories. Next, the sufficient condition for the UAV to form the optimal observation configuration by the feedback guidance method is presented, which guarantees that the proposed method can optimize the observation trajectory of the UAV in approaching stage. Finally, the feedback guidance method is numerically simulated. Simulation results demonstrate that the estimation performance of the feedback guidance method is superior to the Lyapunov guidance vector field (LGVF) method and verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Additionally, compared with the receding horizon optimization (RHO) method, the proposed method has the same optimization ability as the RHO method and better real-time performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers are starting to design AI-powered systems to automatically select and summarize the reports most relevant to each analyst, which raises the issue of bias in the information presented. This article focuses on the selection of relevant reports without an explicit query, a task known as recommendation. Drawing on previous work documenting the existence of human-machine feedback loops in recommender systems, this article reviews potential biases and mitigations in the context of intelligence analysis. Such loops can arise when behavioral "engagement" signals such as clicks or user ratings are used to infer the value of displayed information. Even worse, there can be feedback loops in the collection of intelligence information because users may also be responsible for tasking collection. Avoiding misalignment feedback loops requires an alternate, ongoing, non-engagement signal of information quality. Existing evaluation scales for intelligence product quality and rigor, such as the IC Rating Scale, could provide ground-truth feedback. This sparse data can be used in two ways: for human supervision of average performance and to build models that predict human survey ratings for use at recommendation time. Both techniques are widely used today by social media platforms. Open problems include the design of an ideal human evaluation method, the cost of skilled human labor, and the sparsity of the resulting data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the maintenance of multicomponent systems has been discussed in many papers. The aim of these studies is to use the maintenance duration of one component for the maintenance of other components to minimize the total maintenance cost of the system. The complexity of the maintenance of this kind of system is due to its structure and its large number of components. The present paper suggests a grouped maintenance policy for multicomponent systems in a finite planning horizon based on the systemic inspection feedback data. The system considered is periodically inspected. Then, the collected data are triply censored (left, right, and interval censored). The proposed grouped maintenance strategy starts by clustering the components into g clusters according to their degradation model. Then, an expectation minimization algorithm is applied to correct the censorship in the data and to associate a Weibull distribution with each cluster. The proposed grouped maintenance strategy begins by specifying an individual maintenance plan for each cluster by identifying an optimal replacement path. Then, this step is followed by finding an optimal grouping strategy using a genetic algorithm. The aim is to identify a point in time when the components can be maintained simultaneously. To illustrate the proposed strategy, the grouped maintenance policy is applied to the feedback data of the road markings of French National Road 4 (NR4) connecting Paris and Strasbourg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mechanical frequency combs are poised to bring the applications and utility of optical frequency combs into the mechanical domain. So far, their main challenge has been strict requirements on drive frequencies and power, which complicate operation. We demonstrate a straightforward mechanism to create a frequency comb consisting of mechanical overtones (integer multiples) of a single eigenfrequency, by monolithically integrating a suspended dielectric membrane with a counter-propagating optical trap. The periodic optical field modulates the dielectrophoretic force on the membrane at the overtones of a membrane's motion. These overtones share a fixed frequency and phase relation, and constitute a mechanical frequency comb. The periodic optical field also creates an optothermal parametric drive that requires no additional power or external frequency reference. This combination of effects results in an easy-to-use mechanical frequency comb platform that requires no precise alignment, no additional feedback or control electronics, and only uses a single, mW continuous wave laser beam. This highlights the overtone frequency comb as the straightforward future for applications in sensing, metrology and quantum acoustics. The authors combined optical traps and frequency combs to create new acoustic technology – a mechanical frequency comb. The generation of this comb does not require any precision control, making it uniquely positioned for sensing, metrology, and quantum technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researches around the world have examined how electronic feedback (e-feedback) assists English (ESL) language learners improve their writing by minimizing errors. This current study examines the use of online written peer feedback (OWPF) and automated written corrective feedback (AWCF), analyzing morphological and syntactical errors in writing. The study used a quantitative method to analyze the data. The study participants included one hundred forty-one first-year senior students. They were divided into three groups: two experimental groups received treatment through OWPF and AWCF, and one control group received through the communicative language teaching approach. Regarding writing improvement and minimizing morphological and syntactic errors, the data show that OWPF is significantly more helpful than AWCF and CLT in maximizing writing effectiveness. The study explores and highlights the implications of the study’s results for pedagogical training and future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Europe has to face strong competitive challenges in the field of QIT from other regions of the world. The tools for the effective implementation of the challenges related to the start, we hope, of building a quantum civilization are both common and individual in particular European countries. Joint projects in the field of QIT, usually narrowly focused, are announced by large European Agencies and are related to their activities. Large-scale collaborative projects are of course the domain of the EC. National projects depend heavily on the capabilities of individual countries and vary greatly in size. The most technologically advanced European countries invest hundreds of millions of Euros in national QIT projects annually. The largest European FET class project currently being implemented is the Quantum Flagship. Although the EQF is basically just one of the elements of a large and complicated European scene of development of quantum technologies, it becomes the most important element and, in a sense, a dominant one, also supported from the political level. There are complex connections and feedbacks between the elements of this quantum scene. National projects try to link to the EQF. Here we are interested in such connections and their impact on the effectiveness of QIT development in Europe, and especially in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This academic paper deals with current changes to Slovak legislation in connection with the transposition of the European directive on transparent and predictable working conditions. Both authors primarily concentrate on two newly established rights related to communication between employees, employee representatives, and employers and the right to electronic communication in the business sphere between the subjects of social relations, including the right to feedback. We pay specific attention in particular to the expected impact on applied practice, which often corresponds to the authors' legal considerations of de lege ferenda. The key paradigm of the author's interpretation consists in the analysis of success in introducing a new model of communication into the more or less traditionalist approach between the subjects of labour relations, including the impact on their rights and legitimate interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to document teachers' actual experiences providing corrective feedback and to discuss the teachers' corrective feedback strategies and the difficulties they encountered while providing corrective feedback in order to develop a program for effectively teaching and providing corrective feedback to learners of a public junior high school in Cainta, Rizal using the blended distance learning modality. The study's participants were six teachers from the school's English Department who were interviewed individually via email using the validated interview questions. Along with direct and indirect feedback strategies, corrective feedback's focused and unfocused strategy appeared to be the most prevalent. Metalinguistic and electronic feedback are less frequently used strategies in corrective feedback. The experiences of the participants served as a springboard for developing a proposed program for enhancing teachers' abilities to implement corrective feedback in the new normal. According to the study's findings, the recommendation of a training matrix for teachers' continuous professional development is appropriate in light of the new blended distance learning mode. This program was designed for educators at all levels. The facilitator may retain complete discretion over the personalization and collaboration of training participants. The purpose of the training is to coach teacher participants on how to provide corrective feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic Writing course has been considered as indispensable in tertiary education for its numerous implications in real, social and professional life. Accordingly, several strategies have been postulated to master writing. Apart from writing strategies, the conduct of written corrective feedback matters which can be traditional, electronic or hybrid. In this respect, this study was conducted to measure the effects of electronic written corrective feedback at TISHK International University on Language Preparatory School students in Erbil, Iraq. 50 students were chosen by employing a purposive sampling method. The study lasted for 10 weeks in 2021-2022 Academic Year. Both groups received the feedback traditionally in the first submission. However, experimental group received e-feedback, whereas control group received paper-based feedback in the second submission. Based on the collected data via writing exams, interview and questionnaire, it was figured out that experimental group students who received a traditional and electronic feedback instruction equally outperformed in terms of writing scores, motivation and submission rates. The findings of this study can have some implications for the stakeholders who are responsible for running Academic Writing courses in different countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transient chaotic neural networks (TCNNs) have shown promise in solving optimization problems but still suffer from slow convergence and being difficult to implement in hardware. In this paper, the HP memristor is introduced to a TCNN to develop a memristor-based transient chaotic neural network (MTCNN) model that is highly efficient, converges quickly, and has significant prospects for physical implementation. The proposed MTCNN makes full use of the nonlinearity and memory-related characteristics of memristors, and their conductance values are used as self-feedback connection weights that can be adjusted dynamically according to the annealing algorithm. The MTCNN model was applied to solve combinatorial optimization problems, including the channel assignment problem (CAP) of four cells and the traveling salesman problem (TSP) of 10 cities. In 500 runs, the MTCNN algorithm delivered a 5% higher optimal solution rate than the TCNN algorithm while using only 70% of its number of iterations in the CAP, and achieved a shorter average distance and a 40% higher convergence speed than the TCNN algorithm in the TSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a brief training plus e-mail-specific performance feedback (ESPF) on increasing preschool teacher's use of behavior-specific praise (BSP) statements. Quantity of BSP was measured using a frequency count, while voice intonation of BSP statements was measured using a voice recording system. A multiple probe design across four preschool teachers who taught in inclusive preschool classrooms was used to evaluate the effectiveness of ESPF on BSP delivery. As an outcome measure, researchers examined whether changes to the teacher's BSP affected children's task engagement during class activities. Results indicated a functional relation between ESPF and an increase in the quantity of BSP statements. Voice intonation of BSP statements increased for three participants following ESPF; however, a clear functional relation was not present in the data. Results also indicated that increased quantity and intonation of BSP statements resulted in a tendency for increased mean task engagement across all children; this finding may warrant further investigation. Limitations and future research directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emissions from road traffic contribute to climate change. One approach to reducing the carbon footprint is providing eco-driving feedback so that drivers adapt their driving style. Research about the impact of eco-feedback on energy consumption is the basis for designing a mobile eco-driving feedback information system that supports drivers in reducing fuel consumption. This work develops design knowledge from existing knowledge. Subsequently, we implement a prototypical instantiation based on the derived knowledge. Insights from a field study suggest that our design artifact allows most drivers to decrease fuel consumption by 4% on average. The paper's theoretical contribution is a set of design principles and an architecture of the proposed mobile eco-driving feedback information system. One recommendation is to provide normative feedback that compares drivers with each other. This feedback appears to encourage drivers to decrease their fuel consumption additionally. The design knowledge may support researchers and practitioners in implementing efficient eco-driving feedback information systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the effects of a non-reactive carbon dioxide absorbent (AMSORB® Plus) versus a traditional carbon dioxide absorbent (Medisorb™) on the FGF used by anesthesia providers and an electronic educational feedback intervention using Carestation™ Insights (GE HealthCare) on provider-specific change in FGF. Prospective, single-center cohort study set in a greening initiative. Operating room. 157 anesthesia providers (i.e., anesthesiology trainees, certified registered nurse anesthetists, and solo anesthesiologists). Intervention #1 was the introduction of AMSORB® Plus into 8 Aisys CS2, Carestation™ Insights-enabled anesthesia machines (GE HealthCare) at the study site. At the end of week 6, anesthesia providers were educated and given an environmentally oriented electronic feedback strategy for the next 12 weeks of the study (Intervention #2) using Carestation™ Insights data. The dual primary outcomes were the difference in average daily FGF during maintenance anesthesia between machines assigned to AMSORB® Plus versus Medisorb™ and the provider-specific change in average fresh gas flows after 12 weeks of feedback and education compared to the historical data. Over the 18-week period, there were 1577 inhaled anesthetics performed in the 8 operating rooms (528 for intervention 1, 1049 for intervention 2). There were 1001 provider days using Aisys CS2 machines and 7452 provider days of historical data from the preceding year. Overall, AMSORB® Plus was not associated with significantly less FGF (mean − 80 ml/min, 97.5% confidence interval − 206 to 46, P =.15). The environmentally oriented electronic feedback intervention was not associated with a significant decrease in provider-specific mean FGF (−112 ml/min, 97.5% confidence interval − 244 to 21, P =.059). This study showed that introducing a non-reactive absorbent did not significantly alter FGF. Using environmentally oriented electronic feedback relying on data analytics did not result in significantly reduced provider-specific FGF. • Decreasing fresh gas flows is an effective strategy to reduce unnecessary anesthetic waste. • Non-reactive absorbents have limited short-term utility in decreasing providers' fresh gas flow rates. • Environmentally oriented feedback was unable to cause voluntary reductions in provider-specific fresh gas flow rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For 4th generation synchrotron radiation (SR) light sources, the X-ray beam-position stability is one of the crucial factors in cutting-edge experiments. Instead of traditional passive vibration isolation techniques, active vibration isolation measures based on feedback control technology have begun to play an important role for stabilizing the beam-position. The readout electronics of the feedback control system is presented in the paper. The proposed design is based on the integration of proportion integral differential (PID) controller and system on chip (SoC) module. By using the ARM for analyzing the convergence speed of PID controller with different parameters and configuring it, the readout electronics flexibly adapts to different vibration environments. The readout circuits based on this method is implemented for southern advanced photon source, and tests are carried out in the laboratory to evaluate the readout electronics. The results show that it can weaken the influence of vibration sources below 5Hz on the beam-position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Quality 4.0 has a unique potential to create a competitive advantage for organisations by improving customer experience and enhancing profitability. The purpose of this study is to examine Quality 4.0, the9; benefits, motivating factors, critical success factors and the skills required by quality professionals in the successful implementation of Quality 4.0. The study also investigates the organisational readiness factors9 and challenges that need to be addressed before Quality 4.0 adoption and assess their importance. Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative interview approach was utilised by interviewing a panel of senior management, engineering and continuous improvement (CI); professionals working in leading companies in Asia, Europe and America who are currently deploying Quality 4.0. Findings: This study provides a theoretical base for the Quality 4.0 body of knowledge in terms of an organisation's adoption and overcoming implementation challenges and providing examples of Quality 4.0 application. Organisations can use this study to understand what Quality 4.0 means to industry, the benefits and motivating factors for implementing, the Critical Success Factors, challenges, the organisational readiness factors and the role of leadership in a Quality 4.0 deployment. In addition, the study looks at the skills required by future Quality 4.0 professionals in terms of hard skills, soft skills and a curriculum for educating future quality management professionals. The respondents cited that predictive analytics, sensors and tracking, and electronic feedback loops are the most critical technologies for driving Quality 4.0. Research limitations/implications: One of the limitations of this research was that as this area is a nascent area the researchers were limited in their literature review. The second limitation was that the study was based on 12 interviews. A more comprehensive longitudinal study would yield more data so that better and robust conclusions can be derived from the study. Originality/value: This is the first empirical study on Quality 4.0, which captures the viewpoints of senior management professionals on a full range of topics related to Quality 4.0 motivation for deployment, implementation and readiness for its adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tactile feedback is relevant in a broad range of human–machine interaction systems (e.g. teleoperation, virtual reality and prosthetics). The available tactile feedback interfaces comprise few sensing and stimulation units, which limits the amount of information conveyed to the user. The present study describes a novel technology that relies on distributed sensing and stimulation to convey comprehensive tactile feedback to the user of a robotic end effector. The system comprises six flexible sensing arrays (57 sensors) integrated on the fingers and palm of a robotic hand, embedded electronics (64 recording channels), a multichannel stimulator and seven flexible electrodes (64 stimulation pads) placed on the volar side of the subject's hand. The system was tested in seven subjects asked to recognize contact positions and identify contact sliding on the electronic skin, using distributed anode configuration (DAC) and single dedicated anode configuration. The experiments demonstrated that DAC resulted in substantially better performance. Using DAC, the system successfully translated the contact patterns into electrotactile profiles that the subjects could recognize with satisfactory accuracy (i.e. median{IQR} of 88.6{11}% for static and 93.3{5}% for dynamic patterns). The proposed system is an important step towards the development of a high-density human–machine interfacing between the user and a robotic hand. This article is part of the theme issue 'Advanced neurotechnologies: translating innovation for health and well-being'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Workplace-based clinical supervision is common in community based mental health care for youth and families and could be a leveraged to scale and improve the implementation of evidence-based treatment (EBTs). Accurate methods are needed to measure, monitor, and support supervisor performance with limited disruption to workflow. Audit and Feedback (A&F) interventions may offer some promise in this regard. The study—a randomized controlled trial with 60 clinical supervisors measured longitudinally for 7 months—had two parts: (1) psychometric evaluation of an observational coding system for measuring adherence and competence of EBT supervision and (2) evaluation of an experimental Supervisor Audit and Feedback (SAF) intervention on outcomes of supervisor adherence and competence. All supervisors recorded and uploaded weekly supervision sessions for 7 months, and those in the experimental condition were provided a single, monthly web-based feedback report. Psychometric performance was evaluated using measurement models based in Item Response Theory, and the effect of the SAF intervention was evaluated using mixed-effects regression models. The observational instrument performed well across psychometric indicators of dimensionality, rating scale functionality, and item fit; however, coder reliability was lower for competence than for adherence. Statistically significant A&F effects were largely in the expected directions and consistent with hypotheses. The observational coding system performed well, and a monthly electronic feedback report showed promise in maintaining or improving community-based clinical supervisors' adherence and, to a lesser extent, competence. Limitations discussed include unknown generalizability to the supervision of other EBTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to assess the efficacy of electronic feedback (e-feedback) and traditional oral feedback on undergraduate students’ English writing over 12 weeks of teaching. Three treatment groups were involved: Asynchronous written e-feedback through Microsoft Word Track Changes; teacher–student oral metalinguistic conferencing; no feedback control group. Two grammatical features (i.e., conjunctions and articles), the most problematic forms, were targeted to determine the effect of feedback on these grammatical features. One-way ANOVA test resulted to reveal that the feedback-receiving group performed better than those given no feedback at all. Furthermore, students who received e-feedback performed much better in improving conjunctions errors than those who received oral feedback. The study suggests to train learners and teachers toward e-feedback for better learning of English language.

Significant research efforts have focused on advancing upper limb prostheses, addressing issues such as dexterity, embodiment, weight, and resistance. These key features require enhancements to mitigate prosthesis abandonment. Sensory feedback is a vital feature for improving the dexterity and embodiment of prostheses for patients. Current techniques utilize electronic signals for feedback to control systems and to partially restore tactile sensations to amputees. However, it has already been demonstrated that, in order to elicit responses from biological neurons signals must be converted into neuromorphic tactile information. Most of those demonstrations relied on algorithmic implementations of mechanoreceptor and neuron models running on classic processor cores. However, integrating real-time encoding and control strategies into such architectures is challenging due to computational complexity and high power usage. A prospective solution is to increasingly incorporate neuromorphic technologies for prosthesis sensing and control. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of using spiking neural networks for performing two key functions in controlling upper limb prosthesis: touch and slippage detection. We found that a simple two-layered architecture with a few tens of neurons is sufficient to identify slip and touch with nearly 100% accuracy. The first layer consists of a heterogeneous population of neurons with their parameters adjusted to model slowly and fast-adapting type 1 mechanoreceptors. An output layer classifies touch or slip events. Furthermore, simulations showed that implementing the network in ultra-low-power neuromorphic hardware, such as Loihi, has the potential to reduce power consumption by up to 162 times, with respect to a von Neumann processor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial is presented on paradoxical effects of praise and recommendations provided on how to handle praise wisely in higher education. Topics include detailed feedback comments demonstrating higher motivation than students in the control group, but also greater improvement on their academic work; and research team discussing the implications of the findings and better supporting school principals in the role as evaluators.

Dual-comb spectroscopy is a powerful tool for gas sensing but its expensive cost is limiting its practical application in many fields. In terms of this issue, we present a low-cost and effective dual-comb generation method without complicated feedback lock electronics and nonlinear optics. The proposed dual combs are seeded with the same CW laser, and modulated by electric-optic modulators driven by a pair of pulse trains with slightly different repetition rates of 200 MHz and 200.25 MHz to generate tooth resolved spectrum. A pair of vacuum partial pressure measurements were performed to demonstrate its feasibility and ability. In the experiment, the built dual-comb apparatus is applied to analyze two standard gas mixtures containing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide respectively. The relative deviations of measurement results against their certified values for carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are both below 2%. Furthermore, by averaging a set of measurement results at different wavenumbers, the deviation could further be reduced, indicating that the proposed manner is capable of enabling gas partial pressure measurement with good accuracy and low cost. • A low-cost dual comb system was used for partial pressure measurement, achieving measurement results with 2% uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Student outcomes depend on the implementation of intervention practice elements, which are the specific behaviors that front-line implementers deliver as part of their direct interactions with students. Tier 1 PBIS is a well established practice in schools but existing guidance on practice elements is often conflated with guidance on organizational systems that support implementation. The goal of this study was to distill the specific practice elements of Tier 1 PBIS from the established core features using an expert consensus process. A panel of nine Tier 1 PBIS research and practice experts participated in three iterative rounds of information gathering and feedback within an electronic Delphi study that structured the consensus-building process. The expert panel reached consensus by distilling Tier 1 PBIS into 16 distinct practice elements organized into five thematic domains. The thematic domains from the present study align with existing literature on core Tier 1 PBIS features but the practices in each domain clearly define the specific, expected actions of front-line implementers. Implications are discussed in terms of how the identified practice elements may be used to inform intervention fidelity monitoring and targeted implementation supports for front-line implementers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relay in the feedback loop produces a stable oscillation whose cyclic steady state response contains process information of ultimate gain and ultimate period. By measuring these process data and Ziegler-Nichols type tuning rules, PID controllers can be designed. Due to its simplicity and performances, this earlier relay feedback method becomes one of the standard methods for autotuning of PID controllers. Later the first-order plus time delay (FOPTD) models are used for the relay feedback method with additional process data such as the process steady-state gain, improving autotuning performances. Like other FOPTD model-based methods, this FOPTD model-based relay feedback method is very popular in the field. However, for some high-order processes, the FOPTD model-based method shows oscillatory closed-loop responses that are not acceptable. For such processes, the critically damped second-order plus time delay (C2PTD) identifiable with the same three process information of steady state gain, ultimate gain and ultimate period can be used. Unfortunately, the C2PTD model-based relay feedback method cannot cover the whole range of processes. One solution is the selective use of FOPTD and C2PTD models. For this purpose of selection, a shape factor that uses the process measurement of average residence time is proposed here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The current study investigated the patterns of English language tutors' e-feedback practices during the coronavirus pandemic, learners' response to tutors' e- feedback and the important issues that emerged from e-feedback practices. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the online questionnaire and the semi-structured interviews were performed. The findings indicate that (1) English language tutors concentrate slightly more on local issues than global issues, provide eight main types of e-feedback; clarification requests, general explanations and clarification, questions and commands, repetition, explicit feedback, elicitation and recasts respectively. In addition, tutors employ more written and audio e-feedback compared with the screencast via various online platforms such as Blackboard collaborative tools, Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Email, and WhatsApp. (2) The findings indicate that the students ask for more clarifications, express their understanding of the e-feedback, engage in discussions, comprehend the e-feedback and make successful revisions, express their misunderstanding of the e-feedback and just a few students ignore the e-feedback they receive. (3) The qualitative analysis of the semi-structured interviews revealed some important issues such as the tutors' preferences to online learning, the appropriateness of online platform tools in providing e-feedback, ways and timing of providing e-feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have been done to research the effects of different electronic feedback (e-feedback) modes of helping English as a foreign language (EFL) students improve their writing. The purpose of this study was to employ online peer feedback (OPF) and automated corrective feedback (ACF) to assess EFL learners' writing performance in the areas of sentence complexity, grammatical accuracy, and lexical density. Our major findings suggest that OPF is potentially more useful than ACF in improving sentence writing, making fewer grammatical errors, and producing more types of lexical items. Nevertheless, we also found that the majority of students favored the use of ACF for the purpose of producing a richer vocabulary. Less skilled writers tended to make greater improvements than higher-skilled writers in producing more sentences and lexical items after OPF use; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Based on our research results, we discuss and present the implications of these findings for pedagogical instruction and future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an extended form of Feedback Linearisation Control (FBLC), which is tested in a non-ideal buck converter in Continuous-conduction Mode (CCM). The FBLC is often used in power electronics to control a non-linear system, due to its advantageous properties. The application of the error integrator shows better steady-state and transient properties, such as a decrease of inrush current. The linearised system has been controlled by the pole placement and the technique is illustrated through an example and simulated via Matlab. The results have been compared by using a classical PID controller, allowing the benefits of FBLC to be highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]