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1. Measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters with the first six detection units of KM3NeT/ORCA

Author

The KM3NeT collaboration, S. Aiello, A. Albert, A. R. Alhebsi, M. Alshamsi, S. Alves Garre, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, L. Aphecetche, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, H. Atmani, J. Aublin, F. Badaracco, L. Bailly-Salins, Z. Bardačová, B. Baret, A. Bariego-Quintana, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, M. Benhassi, M. Bennani, D. M. Benoit, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, D. Bonanno, A. B. Bouasla, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. M. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, F. Bretaudeau, M. Breuhaus, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, T. Cartraud, P. Castaldi, V. Cecchini, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, A. Chen, S. Cherubini, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, A. Condorelli, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, R. Dallier, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, G. De Wasseige, V. Decoene, I. Del Rosso, L. S. Di Mauro, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, J.-G. Ducoin, R. Dvornický, T. Eberl, E. Eckerová, A. Eddymaoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, V. Ellajosyula, A. Enzenhöfer, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, F. Filippini, D. Franciotti, L. A. Fusco, S. Gagliardini, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, E. Genton, H. Ghaddari, L. Gialanella, B. K. Gibson, E. Giorgio, I. Goos, P. Goswami, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, C. Haack, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, L. Hennig, J. J. Hernández-Rey, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, D. Joly, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B. J. Jung, G. Kistauri, C. Kopper, A. Kouchner, Y. Y. Kovalev, V. Kueviakoe, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Kvatadze, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, M. Lamoureux, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, V. Lemaître, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, M. Lindsey Clark, F. Longhitano, F. Magnani, J. Majumdar, L. Malerba, F. Mamedov, J. Mańczak, A. Manfreda, M. Marconi, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, J. Mauro, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, M. L. Mitsou, C. M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, A. Moussa, I. Mozun Mateo, R. Muller, M. R. Musone, M. Musumeci, S. Navas, A. Nayerhoda, C. A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó Fearraigh, V. Oliviero, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, D. Paesani, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, V. Parisi, E. J. Pastor Gomez, A. M. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, V. Pestel, R. Pestes, P. Piattelli, A. Plavin, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, J. Prado, S. Pulvirenti, C. A. Quiroz-Rangel, N. Randazzo, S. Razzaque, I. C. Rea, D. Real, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, E. Ros, A. Šaina, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, S. Sanfilippo, M. Sanguineti, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, Y. Shitov, F. Šimkovic, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, I. Štekl, S. M. Stellacci, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, H. Thiersen, S. Thoudam, I. Tosta e Melo, B. Trocmé, V. Tsourapis, A. Tudorache, E. Tzamariudaki, A. Ukleja, A. Vacheret, V. Valsecchi, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Vazquez de Sola, A. Veutro, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, A. van Vliet, E. de Wolf, I. Lhenry-Yvon, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, and N. Zywucka

Subjects
Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes (experiments), Oscillation, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract KM3NeT/ORCA is a water Cherenkov neutrino detector under construction and anchored at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. The detector is designed to study oscillations of atmospheric neutrinos and determine the neutrino mass ordering. This paper focuses on an initial configuration of ORCA, referred to as ORCA6, which comprises six out of the foreseen 115 detection units of photo-sensors. A high-purity neutrino sample was extracted, corresponding to an exposure of 433 kton-years. The sample of 5828 neutrino candidates is analysed following a binned log-likelihood method in the reconstructed energy and cosine of the zenith angle. The atmospheric oscillation parameters are measured to be sin 2 θ 23 = 0.51 − 0.05 + 0.04 $$ {\sin}^2{\theta}_{23}={0.51}_{-0.05}^{+0.04} $$ , and Δ m 31 2 = 2.18 − 0.35 + 0.25 × 10 − 3 eV 2 ∪ − 2.25 − 1.76 × 10 − 3 $$ \Delta {m}_{31}^2={2.18}_{-0.35}^{+0.25}\times {10}^{-3}{\textrm{eV}}^2\cup \left\{-2.25,-1.76\right\}\times {10}^{-3} $$ eV2 at 68% CL. The inverted neutrino mass ordering hypothesis is disfavoured with a p-value of 0.25.

Published
2024
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2. Astronomy potential of KM3NeT/ARCA

Author

KM3NeT Collaboration, S. Aiello, A. Albert, M. Alshamsi, S. Alves Garre, Z. Aly, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, E. Androutsou, M. Anguita, L. Aphecetche, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, H. Atmani, J. Aublin, F. Badaracco, L. Bailly-Salins, Z. Bardačová, B. Baret, A. Bariego-Quintana, A. Baruzzi, S. Basegmez du Pree, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, M. Benhassi, D. M. Benoit, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, D. Bonanno, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. M. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, F. Bretaudeau, M. Breuhaus, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, T. Cartraud, P. Castaldi, V. Cecchini, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, M. Chadolias, A. Chen, S. Cherubini, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, R. Dallier, Y. Darras, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, V. Decoene, R. Del Burgo, I. Del Rosso, L. S. Di Mauro, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, C. Diaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, M. Dörr, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, J.-G. Ducoin, R. Dvornický, T. Eberl, E. Eckerová, A. Eddymaoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, A. Enzenhöfer, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, F. Filippini, D. Franciotti, L. A. Fusco, J. Gabriel, S. Gagliardini, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, H. Ghaddari, L. Gialanella, B. K. Gibson, E. Giorgio, I. Goos, P. Goswami, D. Goupilliere, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, K. Graf, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, L. Hennig, J. J. Hernández-Rey, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B. J. Jung, P. Kalaczyński, O. Kalekin, U. F. Katz, G. Kistauri, C. Kopper, A. Kouchner, V. Kueviakoe, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Kvatadze, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, M. Lindsey Clark, F. Longhitano, F. Magnani, J. Majumdar, L. Malerba, F. Mamedov, J. Mańczak, A. Manfreda, M. Marconi, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, J. A. Martínez-Mora, F. Marzaioli, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, S. Miccichè, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, M. L. Mitsou, C. M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, M. Morga, A. Moussa, I. Mozun Mateo, R. Muller, M. R. Musone, M. Musumeci, S. Navas, A. Nayerhoda, C. A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó Fearraigh, V. Oliviero, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, D. Paesani, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, V. Parisi, E. J. Pastor Gomez, A. M. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, I. Pelegris, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, J. Perronnel, V. Pestel, R. Pestes, P. Piattelli, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, J. Prado, S. Pulvirenti, C. A. Quiroz-Rangel, U. Rahaman, N. Randazzo, R. Randriatoamanana, S. Razzaque, I. C. Rea, D. Real, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, A. Šaina, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, S. Sanfilippo, M. Sanguineti, C. Santonastaso, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, N. Sennan, B. Setter, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, Y. Shitov, F. Šimkovic, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, M. V. Smirnov, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, I. Štekl, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, H. Thiersen, I. Tosta e Melo, E. Tragia, B. Trocmé, V. Tsourapis, A. Tudorache, E. Tzamariudaki, A. Vacheret, A. Valer Melchor, V. Valsecchi, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Vazquez de Sola, C. Verilhac, A. Veutro, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, H. Yepes-Ramirez, G. Zarpapis, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, and N. Zywucka

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The KM3NeT/ARCA neutrino detector is currently under construction at 3500 m depth offshore Capo Passero, Sicily, in the Mediterranean Sea. The main science objectives are the detection of high-energy cosmic neutrinos and the discovery of their sources. Simulations were conducted for the full KM3NeT/ARCA detector, instrumenting a volume of 1 km $$^3$$ 3 , to estimate the sensitivity and discovery potential to point-like neutrino sources. This paper covers the reconstruction of track- and shower-like signatures, as well as the criteria employed for neutrino event selection. With an angular resolution below 0.1 $$^\circ $$ ∘ for tracks and under 2 $$^\circ $$ ∘ for showers, the sensitivity to point-like neutrino sources surpasses existing observed limits across the entire sky.

Published
2024
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3. Atmospheric muons measured with the KM3NeT detectors in comparison with updated numeric predictions

Author

KM3NeT Collaboration, S. Aiello, A. Albert, M. Alshamsi, S. Alves Garre, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, E. Androutsou, M. Anguita, L. Aphecetche, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, A. Arsenic, H. Atmani, J. Aublin, F. Badaracco, L. Bailly-Salins, Z. Bardačová, B. Baret, A. Bariego-Quintana, S. Basegmez du Pree, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, M. Benhassi, D. M. Benoit, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, D. Bonanno, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. M. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, F. Bretaudeau, M. Breuhaus, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, T. Cartraud, P. Castaldi, V. Cecchini, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, M. Chadolias, A. Chen, S. Cherubini, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, A. Condorelli, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, R. Dallier, Y. Darras, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, V. Decoene, R. Del Burgo, I. Del Rosso, L. S. Di Mauro, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, C. Diaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, M. Dörr, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, J.-G. Ducoin, R. Dvornický, T. Eberl, E. Eckerová, A. Eddymaoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, A. Enzenhöfer, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, F. Filippini, D. Franciotti, L. A. Fusco, S. Gagliardini, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, H. Ghaddari, L. Gialanella, B. K. Gibson, E. Giorgio, I. Goos, P. Goswami, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, K. Graf, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, C. Haack, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, L. Hennig, J. J. Hernández-Rey, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, D. Joly, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B. J. Jung, P. Kalaczyński, O. Kalekin, U. F. Katz, A. Khatun, G. Kistauri, C. Kopper, A. Kouchner, V. Kueviakoe, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Kvatadze, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, F. Longhitano, F. Magnani, J. Majumdar, L. Malerba, F. Mamedov, J. Mańczak, A. Manfreda, M. Marconi, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, F. Marzaioli, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, S. Miccichè, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, M. L. Mitsou, C. M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, G. Moretti, A. Moussa, I. Mozun Mateo, R. Muller, M. R. Musone, M. Musumeci, S. Navas, A. Nayerhoda, C. A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó. Fearraigh, V. Oliviero, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, D. Paesani, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, V. Parisi, E. J. Pastor Gomez, A. M. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, I. Pelegris, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, J. Perronnel, V. Pestel, R. Pestes, P. Piattelli, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, J. Prado, S. Pulvirenti, C. A. Quiroz-Rangel, U. Rahaman, N. Randazzo, S. Razzaque, I. C. Rea, D. Real, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, A. Šaina, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, S. Sanfilippo, M. Sanguineti, C. Santonastaso, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, N. Sennan, B. Setter, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, Y. Shitov, F. Šimkovic, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, M. V. Smirnov, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, I. Štekl, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, H. Thiersen, I. Tosta e Melo, E. Tragia, B. Trocmé, V. Tsourapis, A. Tudorache, E. Tzamariudaki, A. Vacheret, A. Valer Melchor, V. Valsecchi, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Vazquez de Sola, A. Veutro, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, H. Yepes-Ramirez, I. Yvon, G. Zarpapis, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, and N. Zywucka

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The measurement of the flux of muons produced in cosmic ray air showers is essential for the study of primary cosmic rays. Such measurements are important in extensive air shower detectors to assess the energy spectrum and the chemical composition of the cosmic ray flux, complementary to the information provided by fluorescence detectors. Detailed simulations of the cosmic ray air showers are carried out, using codes such as CORSIKA, to estimate the muon flux at sea level. These simulations are based on the choice of hadronic interaction models, for which improvements have been implemented in the post-LHC era. In this work, a deficit in simulations that use state-of-the-art QCD models with respect to the measurement deep underwater with the KM3NeT neutrino detectors is reported. The KM3NeT/ARCA and KM3NeT/ORCA neutrino telescopes are sensitive to TeV muons originating mostly from primary cosmic rays with energies around 10 TeV. The predictions of state-of-the-art QCD models show that the deficit with respect to the data is constant in zenith angle; no dependency on the water overburden is observed. The observed deficit at a depth of several kilometres is compatible with the deficit seen in the comparison of the simulations and measurements at sea level.

Published
2024
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4. First observation of the cosmic ray shadow of the Moon and the Sun with KM3NeT/ORCA

Author

S. Aiello, A. Albert, S. Alves Garre, Z. Aly, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, M. Anghinolfi, M. Anguita, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, J. Aublin, C. Bagatelas, L. Bailly-Salins, B. Baret, S. Basegmez du Pree, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, M. Bou Cabo, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, P. Castaldi, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, N. Chau, A. Chen, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, S. Cherubini, V. Chiarella, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. Cruz, G. Cuttone, R. Dallier, Y. Darras, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, R. Del Burgo, I. Di Palma, A. F. Dìaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, M. Dörr, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, A. Eddyamoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, A. Enzenhöfer, V. Espinosa, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, F. Filippini, L. A. Fusco, J. Gabriel, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, F. Garufi, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, L. Gialanella, E. Giorgio, A. Girardi, I. Goos, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, K. Graf, D. Guderian, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, L. Haegel, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, L. Hennig, J. J. Hernández-Rey, F. Huang, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, D. Janezashvili, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B. J. Jung, P. Kalaczyński, O. Kalekin, U. F. Katz, N. R. Khan Chowdhury, G. Kistauri, F. van der Knaap, P. Kooijman, A. Kouchner, V. Kulikovskiy, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, A. Lakhal, M. Lamoureux, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, R. Le Breton, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, S. Liang, M. Lindsey Clark, F. Longhitano, L. Maderer, J. Majumdar, J. Mańczak, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, J. A. Martínez-Mora, A. Martini, F. Marzaioli, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, K. W. Melis, S. Miccichè, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, P. Mijakowski, C. M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, C. Morley-Wong, A. Moussa, R. Muller, M. R. Musone, M. Musumeci, L. Nauta, S. Navas, C. A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó. Fearraigh, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, R. Papaleo, E. J. Pastor Gomez, A. M. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, J. Perronnel, V. Pestel, P. Piattelli, O. Pisanti, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, S. Pulvirenti, G. Quéméner, U. Rahaman, N. Randazzo, S. Razzaque, I. C. Rea, D. Real, S. Reck, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, M. Sanguineti, C. Santonastaso, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, A. Sathe, J. Schnabel, M. F. Schneider, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, M. V. Smirnov, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, S. M. Stellacci, M. Taiuti, K. Tavzarashvili, Y. Tayalati, H. Tedjditi, H. Thiersen, S. Tsagkli, V. Tsourapis, E. Tzamariudaki, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Versari, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, H. Warnhofer, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, H. Yepes-Ramirez, T. Yousfi, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, and N. Zywucka

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract This article reports the first observation of the Moon and the Sun shadows in the sky distribution of cosmic-ray induced muons measured by the KM3NeT/ORCA detector. The analysed data-taking period spans from February 2020 to November 2021, when the detector had 6 Detection Units deployed at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, each composed of 18 Digital Optical Modules. The shadows induced by the Moon and the Sun were detected at their nominal position with a statistical significance of 4.2 $$\sigma $$ σ and 6.2 $$\sigma $$ σ , and an angular resolution of $$\sigma _{res}=0.49^\circ $$ σ res = 0 . 49 ∘ and $$\sigma _{res}=0.66^\circ $$ σ res = 0 . 66 ∘ , respectively, consistent with the prediction of $$0.53^\circ $$ 0 . 53 ∘ from simulations. This early result confirms the effectiveness of the detector calibration, in time, position and orientation and the accuracy of the event direction reconstruction. This also demonstrates the performance and the competitiveness of the detector in terms of pointing accuracy and angular resolution.

Published
2023
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5. Probing invisible neutrino decay with KM3NeT/ORCA

Author

The KM3NeT collaboration, S. Aiello, A. Albert, S. Alves Garre, Z. Aly, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, M. Anghinolfi, M. Anguita, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, J. Aublin, C. Bagatelas, L. Bailly-Salins, B. Baret, S. Basegmez du Pree, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, M. Bou Cabo, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, P. Castaldi, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, N. Chau, A. Chen, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, S. Cherubini, V. Chiarella, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. Cruz, G. Cuttone, R. Dallier, Y. Darras, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, V. Decoene, R. Del Burgo, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, M. Dörr, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, A. Eddyamoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, A. Enzenhöfer, V. Espinosa, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, F. Filippini, L. A. Fusco, J. Gabriel, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, F. Garufi, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, L. Gialanella, E. Giorgio, A. Girardi, I. Goos, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, K. Graf, D. Guderian, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, L. Haegel, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, L. Hennig, J. J. Hernández-Rey, F. Huang, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, D. Janezashvili, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B. J. Jung, P. Kalaczyński, O. Kalekin, U. F. Katz, N. R. Khan Chowdhury, G. Kistauri, F. van der Knaap, P. Kooijman, A. Kouchner, V. Kulikovskiy, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, A. Lakhal, M. Lamoureux, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, R. Le Breton, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, S. Liang, M. Lindsey Clark, F. Longhitano, L. Maderer, J. Majumdar, J. Mańczak, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, J. A. Martínez-Mora, A. Martini, F. Marzaioli, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, K. W. Melis, S. Miccichè, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, P. Mijakowski, C. M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, C. Morley-Wong, A. Moussa, R. Muller, M. R. Musone, M. Musumeci, L. Nauta, S. Navas, C. A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó Fearraigh, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, R. Papaleo, E. J. Pastor Gomez, A. M. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, J. Perronnel, V. Pestel, P. Piattelli, O. Pisanti, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, S. Pulvirenti, G. Quéméner, U. Rahaman, N. Randazzo, S. Razzaque, I. C. Rea, D. Real, S. Reck, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, M. Sanguineti, C. Santonastaso, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, A. Sathe, J. Schnabel, M. F. Schneider, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, M. V. Smirnov, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, S. M. Stellacci, M. Taiuti, K. Tavzarashvili, Y. Tayalati, H. Tedjditi, T. Thakore, H. Thiersen, S. Tsagkli, V. Tsourapis, E. Tzamariudaki, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Versari, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, H. Warnhofer, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, H. Yepes-Ramirez, T. Yousfi, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, and N. Zywucka

Subjects
Beyond Standard Model, Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes (experiments), Oscillation, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract In the era of precision measurements of the neutrino oscillation parameters, upcoming neutrino experiments will also be sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model. KM3NeT/ORCA is a neutrino detector optimised for measuring atmospheric neutrinos from a few GeV to around 100 GeV. In this paper, the sensitivity of the KM3NeT/ORCA detector to neutrino decay has been explored. A three-flavour neutrino oscillation scenario, where the third neutrino mass state ν 3 decays into an invisible state, e.g. a sterile neutrino, is considered. We find that KM3NeT/ORCA would be sensitive to invisible neutrino decays with 1/α 3 = τ 3 /m 3 < 180 ps/eV at 90% confidence level, assuming true normal ordering. Finally, the impact of neutrino decay on the precision of KM3NeT/ORCA measurements for θ 23, Δ m 31 2 $$ \Delta {m}_{31}^2 $$ and mass ordering have been studied. No significant effect of neutrino decay on the sensitivity to these measurements has been found.

Published
2023
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7. Intrinsic limits on resolutions in muon- and electron-neutrino charged-current events in the KM3NeT/ORCA detector

Author

The KM3NeT collaboration, S. Adrián-Martínez, M. Ageron, S. Aiello, A. Albert, F. Ameli, E. G. Anassontzis, M. Andre, G. Androulakis, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, M. Ardid, T. Avgitas, G. Barbarino, E. Barbarito, B. Baret, J. Barrios-Mart, A. Belias, E. Berbee, A. van den Berg, V. Bertin, S. Beurthey, V. van Beveren, N. Beverini, S. Biagi, A. Biagioni, M. Billault, M. Bondì, R. Bormuth, B. Bouhadef, G. Bourlis, S. Bourret, C. Boutonnet, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, G. Cacopardo, L. Caillat, M. Calamai, D. Calvo, A. Capone, L. Caramete, S. Cecchini, S. Celli, C. Champion, S. Cherubini, V. Chiarella, L. Chiarelli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, L. Classen, D. Cobas, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, S. Colonges, R. Coniglione, M. Cordelli, A. Cosquer, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, C. D’Amato, A. D’Amico, A. D’Onofrio, G. De Bonis, C. De Sio, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, C. Distefano, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, Q. Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, M. Durocher, T. Eberl, S. Eichie, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, D. Elsaesser, A. Enzenhöfer, M. Favaro, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, G. Frascadore, M. Furini, L. A. Fusco, T. Gal, S. Galatà, F. Garufi, P. Gay, M. Gebyehu, F. Giacomini, L. Gialanella, V. Giordano, N. Gizani, R. Gracia, K. Graf, T. Grégoire, G. Grella, A. Grmek, M. Guerzoni, R. Habel, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, S. Harissopulos, T. Heid, A. Heijboer, E. Heine, S. Henry, J. J. Hernández-Rey, M. Hevinga, J. Hofestädt, C. M. F. Hugon, G. Illuminati, C. W. James, P. Jansweijerf, M. Jongen, M. de Jong, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, A. Kappes, U. F. Katz, P. Keller, G. Kieft, D. Kießling, E. N. Koffeman, P. Kooijman, A. Kouchner, M. Kreter, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, P. Lamare, G. Larosa, A. Leisos, F. Leone, E. Leonora, M. Lindsey Clark, A. Liolios, C. D. Llorens Alvarez, D. Lo Presti, H. Löhner, A. Lonardo, M. Lotze, S. Loucatos, E. Maccioni, K. Mannheim, M. Manzali, A. Margiotta, A. Margotti, A. Marinelli, O. Maris, C. Markou, J. A. Martínez-Mora, A. Martini, F. Marzaioli, R. Mele, K. W. Melis, T. Michael, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, P. Mijakowski, A. Miraglia, C. M. Mollo, M. Mongelli, M. Morganti, A. Moussa, P. Musico, M. Musumeci, S. Navas, C. A. Nicolau, I. Olcina, C. Olivetto, A. Orlando, A. Orzelli, G. Pancaldi, A. Papaikonomou, R. Papaleo, G. E. Păvălas, H. Peek, G. Pellegrini, C. Pellegrino, C. Perrina, M. Pfutzner, P. Piattelli, K. Pikounis, M.-O. Pleinert, G. E. Poma, V. Popa, T. Pradier, F. Pratolongo, G. Pühlhofer, S. Pulvirenti, L. Quinn, C. Racca, F. Raffaelli, N. Randazzo, T. Rauch, D. Real, L. Resvanis, J. Reubelt, G. Riccobene, C. Rossi, A. Rovelli, M. Saldaña, I. Salvadori, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez García, A. Sánchez Losa, M. Sanguineti, A. Santangelo, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, F. Schimmel, J. Schmelling, J. Schnabel, V. Sciacca, M. Sedita, T. Seitz, I. Sgura, F. Simeone, V. Sipala, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, G. Stavropoulos, J. Steijger, S. M. Stellacci, D. Stransky, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, F. Terrasi, D. Tézier, S. Theraube, P. Timmer, C. Tönnis, L. Trasatti, R. Travaglini, A. Trovato, A. Tsirigotis, S. Tzamarias, E. Tzamariudaki, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, J. Vermeulen, F. Versari, P. Vicini, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, M. Volkert, L. Wiggers, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, K. Zachariadou, S. Zani, J. D. Zornoza, and J. Zúñiga

Subjects
Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Studying atmospheric neutrino oscillations in the few-GeV range with a multi-megaton detector promises to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. This is the main science goal pursued by the future KM3NeT/ORCA water Cherenkov detector in the Mediterranean Sea. In this paper, the processes that limit the obtainable resolution in both energy and direction in charged-current neutrino events in the ORCA detector are investigated. These processes include the composition of the hadronic fragmentation products, the subsequent particle propagation and the photon-sampling fraction of the detector. GEANT simulations of neutrino interactions in seawater produced by GENIE are used to study the effects in the 1-20 GeV range. It is found that fluctuations in the hadronic cascade in conjunction with the variation of the inelasticity y are most detrimental to the resolutions. The effect of limited photon sampling in the detector is of significantly less importance. These results will therefore also be applicable to similar detectors/media, such as those in ice.

Published
2017
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8. KM3NeT broadcast optical data transport system

Author

S. Aiello, A. Albert, S. Alves Garre, Z. Aly, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, M. Anghinolfi, M. Anguita, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, J. Aublin, C. Bagatelas, L. Bailly-Salins, B. Baret, S. Basegmez du Pree, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, M. Bou Cabo, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, P. Castaldi, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, N. Chau, A. Chen, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, S. Cherubini, V. Chiarella, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J.A.B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. Cruz, G. Cuttone, A. D'Amico, R. Dallier, Y. Darras, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, R. Del Burgo, I. Di Palma, A.F. Díaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, M. Dörr, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, A. Eddyamoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, A. Enzenhöfer, V. Espinosa, G. Ferrara, M.D. Filipović, F. Filippini, L.A. Fusco, J. Gabriel, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, F. Garufi, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, L. Gialanella, E. Giorgio, A. Girardi, I. Goos, S.R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, K. Graf, D. Guderian, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, L. Haegel, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, L. Hennig, J.J. Hernández-Rey, F. Huang, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, C.W. James, D. Janezashvili, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B.J. Jung, P. Kalaczyński, O. Kalekin, U.F. Katz, N.R. Khan Chowdhury, G. Kistauri, F. van der Knaap, P. Kooijman, A. Kouchner, V. Kulikovskiy, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, A. Lakhal, M. Lamoureux, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, R. Le Breton, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, S. Liang, M. Lindsey Clark, F. Longhitano, L. Maderer, J. Majumdar, J. Mańczak, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, J.A. Martínez-Mora, A. Martini, F. Marzaioli, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, K.W. Melis, S. Miccichè, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, P. Mijakowski, C.M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, C. Morley-Wong, A. Moussa, R. Muller, M.R. Musone, M. Musumeci, L. Nauta, S. Navas, C.A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó Fearraigh, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, R. Papaleo, E.J. Pastor Gomez, A.M. Păun, G.E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, J. Perronnel, V. Pestel, P. Piattelli, O. Pisanti, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, S. Pulvirenti, G. Quéméner, U. Rahaman, N. Randazzo, S. Razzaque, I.C. Rea, D. Real, S. Reck, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, F. Salesa Greus, D.F.E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, M. Sanguineti, C. Santonastaso, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, A. Sathe, J. Schmelling, J. Schnabel, M.F. Schneider, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, M.V. Smirnov, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, S.M. Stellacci, M. Taiuti, K. Tavzarashvili, Y. Tayalati, H. Tedjditi, H. Thiersen, S. Tsagkli, V. Tsourapis, E. Tzamariudaki, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Versari, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, H. Warnhofer, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, H. Yepes-Ramirez, T. Yousfi, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J.D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, N. Zywucka, Aiello, S., Albert, A., Alves Garre, S., Aly, Z., Ambrosone, A., Ameli, F., Andre, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anguita, M., Ardid, M., Ardid, S., Aublin, J., Bagatelas, C., Bailly-Salins, L., Baret, B., Basegmez du Pree, S., Becherini, Y., Bendahman, M., Benfenati, F., Berbee, E., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Boettcher, M., Bou Cabo, M., Boumaaza, J., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Brânzaş, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Bruno, R., Buis, E., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Caiffi, B., Calvo, D., Campion, S., Capone, A., Carenini, F., Carretero, V., Castaldi, P., Celli, S., Cerisy, L., Chabab, M., Chau, N., Chen, A., Cherkaoui El Moursli, R., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Coniglione, R., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cruz, A., Cuttone, G., D'Amico, A., Dallier, R., Darras, Y., De Benedittis, A., De Martino, B., Del Burgo, R., Di Palma, I., Díaz, A. F., Diego-Tortosa, D., Distefano, C., Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dörr, M., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., Eddyamoui, A., van Eeden, T., Eff, M., van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., El Hedri, S., Enzenhöfer, A., Espinosa, V., Ferrara, G., Filipović, M. D., Filippini, F., Fusco, L. A., Gabriel, J., Gal, T., García Méndez, J., Garcia Soto, A., Garufi, F., Gatius Oliver, C., Geißelbrecht, N., Gialanella, L., Giorgio, E., Girardi, A., Goos, I., Gozzini, S. R., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Guderian, D., Guidi, C., Guillon, B., Gutiérrez, M., Haegel, L., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A., Hekalo, A., Hennig, L., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Huang, F., Idrissi Ibnsalih, W., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Janezashvili, D., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Jung, B. J., Kalaczyński, P., Kalekin, O., Katz, U. F., Khan Chowdhury, N. R., Kistauri, G., van der Knaap, F., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kulikovskiy, V., Labalme, M., Lahmann, R., Lakhal, A., Lamoureux, M., Larosa, G., Lastoria, C., Lazo, A., Le Breton, R., Le Stum, S., Lehaut, G., Leonora, E., Lessing, N., Levi, G., Liang, S., Lindsey Clark, M., Longhitano, F., Maderer, L., Majumdar, J., Mańczak, J., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Markou, C., Martin, L., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mastrodicasa, M., Mastroianni, S., Melis, K. W., Miccichè, S., Miele, G., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Mollo, C. M., Morales-Gallegos, L., Morley-Wong, C., Moussa, A., Muller, R., Musone, M. R., Musumeci, M., Nauta, L., Navas, S., Nicolau, C. A., Nkosi, B., Ó Fearraigh, B., Orlando, A., Oukacha, E., Palacios González, J., Papalashvili, G., Papaleo, R., Pastor Gomez, E. J., Păun, A. M., Păvălaş, G. E., Pellegrino, C., Peña Martínez, S., Perrin-Terrin, M., Perronnel, J., Pestel, V., Piattelli, P., Pisanti, O., Poirè, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Pulvirenti, S., Quéméner, G., Rahaman, U., Randazzo, N., Razzaque, S., Rea, I. C., Real, D., Reck, S., Riccobene, G., Robinson, J., Romanov, A., Salesa Greus, F., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sánchez Losa, A., Sanguineti, M., Santonastaso, C., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Sathe, A., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Schneider, M. F., Schumann, J., M. Schutte, H., Seneca, J., Sgura, I., Shanidze, R., Sharma, A., Simonelli, A., Sinopoulou, A., Smirnov, M. V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, D., Stellacci, S. M., Taiuti, M., Tavzarashvili, K., Tayalati, Y., Tedjditi, H., Thiersen, H., Tsagkli, S., Tsourapis, V., Tzamariudaki, E., Van Elewyck, V., Vannoye, G., Vasileiadis, G., Versari, F., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Warnhofer, H., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Yepes-Ramirez, H., Yousfi, T., Zavatarelli, S., Zegarelli, A., Zito, D., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., Zywucka, N., Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), KM3NeT, Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LAB - Laboratori d'Aplicacions Bioacústiques

Subjects
Astrofísica, FOS: Physical sciences, Physique [physics]/Physique [physics], optical, Neutrins, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), KM3NeT, Mathematical Physics, Detectors òptics, Optical detectors, Data Processing, Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Telescopis, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Cherenkov detectors, Optics, neutrino: VHE, neutrino: UHE, neutrino: detector, Terms—time calibration, fibre, network, Astroparticle physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, performance, Telescopes
Abstract

The optical data transport system of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea will provide more than 6000 optical modules in the detector arrays with a point-to-point optical connection to the control stations onshore. The ARCA and ORCA detectors of KM3NeT are being installed at a depth of about 3500m and 2500 m, respectively and their distance to the control stations is about 100 kilometers and 40 kilometers. In particular, the two detectors are optimised for the detection of cosmic neutrinos with energies above about 1 TeV (ARCA) and for the detection of atmospheric neutrinos with energies in the range 1 GeV–1 TeV (ORCA). The expected maximum data rate is 200 Mbps per optical module. The implemented optical data transport system matches the layouts of the networks of electro-optical cables and junction boxes in the deep sea. For efficient use of the fibres in the system the technology of Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing is applied. The performance of the optical system in terms of measured bit error rates, optical budget are presented. The next steps in the implementation of the system are also discussed., Agence Nationale de la Recherche (contract ANR-15-CE31-0020), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Européenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001), Paris Île-de-France Region, France; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany; The General Secretariat of Research and Innovation (GSRI), Greece Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca (MIUR), PRIN 2017 program (Grant NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S) Italy, Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Innovation, Morocco, and the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, Kuwait, Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappel¼k Onderzoek (NWO), The National Science Centre, Poland (2021/41/N/ST2/01177), National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación, Investigación y Universidades (MCIU), Programa Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento (refs. PGC2018-096663-B-C41, A-C42, B-C43, B-C44, PID2021-124591NB-C41, C42, -C43), MCIU/FEDER, Generalitat Valenciana, Prometeo (PROMETEO/2020/019), Grisolía (refs. GRISOLIA/2018/119, /2021/192), GenT (refs. CIDEGENT/2018/034, /2019/043, /2020/049, /2021/023) programs, Junta de Andalucía (ref. A-FQM-053-UGR18), La Caixa Foundation (ref. LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019), EU: MSC program (ref. 101025085, Spain; María Zambrano program within the framework of grants for retaining in the Spanish university system (Spanish Ministry of Universities, The European Union, NextGenerationEU

Published
2023

9. Supernova model discrimination with hyper-kamiokande

Author

Y. Nagao, H. Tanaka, A. Minamino, B. Navarro-Garcia, Z. Xie, L. Nascimento Machado, J. Lagoda, M. Shinoki, S. Cuen-Rochin, Arman Esmaili, F. Ballester, S. Parsa, N. McCauley, Jung-Hyun Kim, K. Frankiewicz, L. L. Kormos, Masaki Ishitsuka, M. Malek, V. Valentino, N. Kazarian, T. Wachala, E. Drakopoulou, G. Grella, V. Paolone, L. F. Thompson, A. K. Tomatani-Sánchez, A. Blanchet, R. A. Wendell, John Ellis, J. Y. Kim, N. W. Prouse, O. V. Mineev, M. R. Vagins, T. Boschi, T. Lindner, J. González-Nuevo, Hiroshi Ito, N. Skrobova, M. La Commara, L. Gialanella, F. Orozco-Luna, T. Kumita, A. Garfagnini, S. H. Jeon, A. Dergacheva, Hiroaki Menjo, A. T. Suzuki, K. Okamoto, C. E. R. Naseby, J. F. Martin, T. Iijima, M. Mezzetto, G. Ricciardi, J. R. Wilson, P. Gumplinger, Y. Takemoto, G. Galinski, K. Zaremba, T. Nakadaira, D. Vivolo, A. Carroll, C. Vilela, A. Blondel, A. Rychter, T. A. Doyle, C. Garde, G. De Rosa, A. Oshlianskyi, Hiroyuki Sekiya, R. Matsumoto, G. Pastuszak, P. J. Rajda, F. Monrabal, Yoichi Asaoka, G. Díaz López, K. L. Stankevich, C. D. Shin, Y. Fukuda, Yuto Ashida, Michal Malinský, T. Suganuma, B. Radics, Kohta Murase, Marco Grassi, P. Mehta, F. Cafagna, Ahmed Ali, L. Koerich, Vincenzo Berardi, Etam Noah, F. J. P. Soler, Alan Cosimo Ruggeri, M. Kekic, G. Vasseur, S. Wronka, M. Thiesse, B. Ferrazzi, K. Iwamoto, Yu. Kudenko, Atsushi Takeda, Kendall Mahn, David Hadley, B. Roskovec, M. Bergevin, A. Korzenev, J.J. Gómez-Cadenas, M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M. Tzanov, M. Ikeda, Federico Sanchez, W. Obrębski, H. S. Jo, Y. Takeuchi, Piotr Kalaczyński, S. Chakraborty, J. C. Nugent, S. King, P. Paganini, M. Miura, F. Ameli, D. N. Yeum, C. J. Metelko, Akito Araya, T. Kajita, M. Tanaka, I. T. Lim, L. Mellet, S. Y. Kim, S. Bolognesi, A. Bravar, J. S. Jang, D. Svirida, A. Fiorentini, J. Renner, M. Chabera, L. O'Sullivan, V. Herrero, F. Iacob, K. Nakamura, Ko Okumura, Lukasz Stawarz, N. Ogawa, Laura Bonavera, Y. Maekawa, Takatomi Yano, Ll. Marti, H. J. Rose, S. El Hedri, L. Maret, G. Zarnecki, L. Bernard, S. H. Seo, H. Nakamura, H. Ozaki, A. P. Kryukov, A. Popov, Hisakazu Minakata, M. Buizza Avanzini, P. Sarmah, K. Martens, Sergio Luis Suárez Gómez, Hiroaki Aihara, V. Lezaun, G. A. Cowan, C. Riccio, S. Garode, R. Akutsu, M. Lamers James, T. Nicholls, I. Alekseev, K. Kowalik, J. Kasperek, T. Zakrzewski, S. B. Kim, T. Kutter, Evan O'Connor, B. Jamieson, F. Nova, M. Barbi, Xianguo Lu, Y. Sonoda, M. Friend, Teppei Katori, L. H. V. Anthony, A. Shaikhiev, C. J. Densham, V. Gousy-Leblanc, I. Bandac, J. H. Choi, S. Sano, A. K. Ichikawa, Magda Cicerchia, S. Valder, S. Roth, J. Kameda, M. Zito, A. Vijayvargi, S. Nakai, Y. Kotsar, K. M. Tsui, K. Hoshina, K. K. Joo, C. Pastore, T. Marchi, K. Niewczas, K. Nakayoshi, G. Fiorillo, C. McGrew, P. F. Loverre, S. Playfer, G.D. Barr, L. Labarga, T. Kobayashi, E. S. Pinzon Guerra, André Rubbia, D. Karlen, Th. A. Mueller, L. Koch, F. J. Mora, M. M. Khabibullin, Hidekazu Kakuno, Yoshitaka Itow, H. K. Tanaka, P. Adrich, Jeong-Eun Lee, S. Samani, M. G. Catanesi, M. Yu, M. J. Wilking, Robert Svoboda, P. Mijakowski, N. Kolev, Yu. Onishchuk, A. Kato, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, Yutaka Nakajima, B. Richards, C. Ruggles, M. Needham, P. Jonsson, Y. Hayato, S. Mine, A. Konaka, L. Munteanu, Kunio Inoue, O. Drapier, Kenneth Long, M. McCarthy, T. Kinoshita, G. Tortone, Yuuki Nakano, T. Feusels, N. Izumi, Reetanjali Moharana, T. Dealtry, S. Hassani, G. Pronost, K. Sakashita, J. G. Learned, H. M. O'Keeffe, Shintaro Ito, E. Rondio, Toru Ogitsu, D. A. Patel, Tatiana Ovsiannikova, M. Guigue, Yusuke Koshio, T. Matsubara, S. M. Stellacci, R. J. Wilkes, G. Santucci, S. Y. Suzuki, S. D. Rountree, K. Zietara, A. A. Quiroga, M. Jakkapu, A. Boiano, L. Berns, M. O. Wascko, M. M. Vyalkov, K. Porwit, M. Taani, A. Evangelisti, I. Sashima, Michal Dziewiecki, J. Feng, Y. Seiya, M. Yonenaga, B. Spisso, B. W. Pointon, C. M. Mollo, N. Booth, S. V. Cao, N. Ospina, A. J. Finch, V. Takhistov, E. Radicioni, P. Przewlocki, S. Nakayama, S. Yen, T. Sekiguchi, Yudai Suwa, J. M. Calvo-Mozota, S. Zsoldos, C. Checchia, M. Posiadala-Zezula, E. O'Sullivan, Janusz Marzec, F. Retiere, Jan T. Sobczyk, P. Migliozzi, S. Borjabad, I. Di Palma, John Hill, K. A. Kouzakov, D. L. Wark, L. Cook, D. Sgalaberna, E. W. Miller, M. Lamoureux, M. Y. Pac, S. Russo, S. L. Cartwright, Yasunari Suzuki, D. Bose, B. Zaldivar, D. Martin, Dongsu Ryu, Z. Shan, S. Miki, M. Jiang, J. Kisiel, N. Yershov, M. Matusiak, C. Pea-Garay, K. Sato, Jesús Daniel Santos, Y. Yamaguchi, D. Bravo-Berguo, Chad Finley, T. Tashiro, Lawrence D. Brown, A. Gorin, Hiromasa Tanaka, M. Ziembicki, T. Vladisavljevic, J. Zalipska, J. Insler, C. Yanagisawa, Abinash Medhi, L. Kravchuk, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, Hirokazu Ishino, J. Bian, K. Magar, S. Cebrian, Philippe Mermod, R. Gornea, Juan Pedro Ochoa-Ricoux, Sergei Fedotov, S. Izumiyama, C. Bozza, R. Esteve, Seiko Hirota, T. Tsukamoto, K. Skwarczynski, E. De la Fuente, T. Kikawa, M. Gonin, J. Xia, Intae Yu, Gareth J. Barker, A. Marinelli, E. Kearns, L. Lavitola, Michal Ostrowski, N. Deshmukh, Y. Kataoka, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, Carsten Rott, C. Mariani, T. Ishida, Roberto Spina, J. W. Seo, Masashi Yokoyama, F. Gramegna, K. Hultqvist, G. Collazuol, P. Spradlin, Gus Sinnis, A. Takenaka, T. Xin, M. Bellato, Yuki Fujii, Mark Scott, J. A. Hernando-Morata, P. Ferrario, A. Buchowicz, S. J. Jenkins, J. Walker, J. Toledo, Pablo Fernandez, Sandhya Choubey, S. Emery, A. Mefodiev, R.P. Kurjata, M. Mongelli, J. Dumarchez, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, M. Antonova, M. Danilov, M. Feely, A. Holin, Ara Ioannisian, B. A. Popov, K Stopa, W. G. S. Vinning, M. L. Sánchez, Masato Shiozawa, L. Ludovici, J. Gao, S. Bhadra, Koji Ishidoshiro, Hiroshi Nunokawa, V. Aushev, M. Hartz, I. Shimizu, C. S. Moon, M. B. Smy, S. Matsuno, I. Anghel, J. Migenda, T. Mondal, F. Di Lodovico, M. Tada, D. J. Payne, M. Kuze, N. C. Hastings, P. Di Meo, Y. Nishimura, M. Inomoto, L. Magaletti, C. Giganti, A. Klekotko, Patrick Dunne, J. Yoo, M. C. Sanchez, A. N. Khotjantsev, Kyujin Kwak, Lars Eklund, M. Lawe, A. Mitra, H. W. Sobel, Jürgen Pozimski, Yasuhiro Makida, A. Bubak, Jaroslaw Pasternak, B. Quilain, R. Leitner, Marco Laveder, J. P. Coleman, N. F. Calabria, H. I. Jang, S. B. Boyd, Moon Moon Devi, M. Fitton, M. Harada, Artur F. Izmaylov, J. McElwee, Shunsaku Horiuchi, P. de Perio, K. Nakagiri, Y. Kano, M. Rescigno, S. Moriyama, Masayuki Nakahata, C. Pidcott, Y. Uchida, V. Palladino, A. Longhin, A. Shaykina, Michelangelo Pari, Akimichi Taketa, Yuichi Oyama, S. Suvorov, R. P. Litchfield, D. H. Moon, Katsuki Hiraide, M. Pavin, M. Koga, R. B. Vogelaar, Enrique Fernandez-Martinez, B. L. Hartfiel, Koji Yamamoto, K. Ohta, K. Abe, Alexander Studenikin, E. Mazzucato, Elisa Bernardini, Abe, K., Adrich, P., Aihara, H., Akutsu, R., Alekseev, I., Ali, A., Ameli, F., Anghel, I., Anthony, L. H. V., Antonova, M., Araya, A., Asaoka, Y., Ashida, Y., Aushev, V., Ballester, F., Bandac, I., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bellato, M., Berardi, V., Bergevin, M., Bernard, L., Bernardini, E., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Bian, J., Blanchet, A., Blaszczyk, F. D. M., Blondel, A., Boiano, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonavera, L., Booth, N., Borjabad, S., Boschi, T., Bose, D., Boyd, S. B., Bozza, C., Bravar, A., Bravo-Berguo, D., Bronner, C., Brown, L., Bubak, A., Buchowicz, A., Buizza Avanzini, M., Cafagna, F. S., Calabria, N. F., Calvo-Mozota, J. M., Cao, S., Cartwright, S. L., Carroll, A., Catanesi, M. G., Cebrian, S., Chabera, M., Chakraborty, S., Checchia, C., Choi, J. H., Choubey, S., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cowan, G., Cuen-Rochin, S., Danilov, M., Diaz Lopez, G., De La Fuente, E., De Perio, P., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Densham, C. J., Dergacheva, A., Deshmukh, N., Devi, M. M., Di Lodovico, F., Di Meo, P., Di Palma, I., Doyle, T. A., Drakopoulou, E., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dziewiecki, M., Eklund, L., El Hedri, S., Ellis, J., Emery, S., Esmaili, A., Esteve, R., Evangelisti, A., Feely, M., Fedotov, S., Feng, J., Fernandez, P., Fernandez-Martinez, E., Ferrario, P., Ferrazzi, B., Feusels, T., Finch, A., Finley, C., Fiorentini, A., Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M., Frankiewicz, K., Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galinski, G., Gao, J., Garde, C., Garfagnini, A., Garode, S., Gialanella, L., Giganti, C., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gonin, M., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorin, A., Gornea, R., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Gramegna, F., Grassi, M., Grella, G., Guigue, M., Gumplinger, P., Hadley, D. R., Harada, M., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Hernando-Morata, J. A., Herrero, V., Hill, J., Hiraide, K., Hirota, S., Holin, A., Horiuchi, S., Hoshina, K., Hultqvist, K., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Idrissi Ibnsalih, W., Iijima, T., Ikeda, M., Inomoto, M., Inoue, K., Insler, J., Ioannisian, A., Ishida, T., Ishidoshiro, K., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Ito, S., Itow, Y., Iwamoto, K., Izmaylov, A., Izumi, N., Izumiyama, S., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jenkins, S. J., Jeon, S. H., Jiang, M., Jo, H. S., Jonsson, P., Joo, K. K., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kano, Y., Kalaczynski, P., Karlen, D., Kasperek, J., Kataoka, Y., Kato, A., Katori, T., Kazarian, N., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kekic, M., Kim, J. H., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. Y., King, S., Kinoshita, T., Kisiel, J., Klekotko, A., Kobayashi, T., Koch, L., Koga, M., Koerich, L., Kolev, N., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Korzenev, A., Kotsar, Y., Kouzakov, K. A., Kowalik, K. L., Kravchuk, L., Kryukov, A. P., Kudenko, Y., Kumita, T., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwak, K., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lagoda, J., Lamers James, M., Lamoureux, M., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lawe, M., Learned, J. G., Lee, J., Leitner, R., Lezaun, V., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Long, K. R., Longhin, A., Loverre, P., Lu, X., Ludovici, L., Maekawa, Y., Magaletti, L., Magar, K., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Malinsky, M., Marchi, T., Maret, L., Mariani, C., Marinelli, A., Martens, K., Marti, L., Martin, J. F., Martin, D., Marzec, J., Matsubara, T., Matsumoto, R., Matsuno, S., Matusiak, M., Mazzucato, E., Mccarthy, M., Mccauley, N., Mcelwee, J., Mcgrew, C., Mefodiev, A., Medhi, A., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Menjo, H., Mermod, P., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Migliozzi, P., Mijakowski, P., Miki, S., Miller, E. W., Minakata, H., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mitra, A., Miura, M., Moharana, R., Mollo, C. M., Mondal, T., Mongelli, M., Monrabal, F., Moon, D. H., Moon, C. S., Mora, F. J., Moriyama, S., Mueller, T. A., Munteanu, L., Murase, K., Nagao, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakai, S., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, K. I., Nakamura, H., Nakano, Y., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nakayoshi, K., Nascimento Machado, L., Naseby, C. E. R., Navarro-Garcia, B., Needham, M., Nicholls, T., Niewczas, K., Nishimura, Y., Noah, E., Nova, F., Nugent, J. C., Nunokawa, H., Obrebski, W., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., O'Connor, E., Ogawa, N., Ogitsu, T., Ohta, K., Okamoto, K., O'Keeffe, H. M., Okumura, K., Onishchuk, Y., Orozco-Luna, F., Oshlianskyi, A., Ospina, N., Ostrowski, M., O'Sullivan, E., O'Sullivan, L., Ovsiannikova, T., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, H., Pac, M. Y., Paganini, P., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Parsa, S., Pasternak, J., Pastore, C., Pastuszak, G., Patel, D. A., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Pea-Garay, C., Pidcott, C., Pinzon Guerra, E., Playfer, S., Pointon, B. W., Popov, A., Popov, B., Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Pozimski, J., Pronost, G., Prouse, N. W., Przewlocki, P., Quilain, B., Quiroga, A. A., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Rajda, P. J., Renner, J., Rescigno, M., Retiere, F., Ricciardi, G., Riccio, C., Richards, B., Rondio, E., Rose, H. J., Roskovec, B., Roth, S., Rott, C., Rountree, S. D., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Ruggles, C., Russo, S., Rychter, A., Ryu, D., Sakashita, K., Samani, S., Sanchez, F., Sanchez, M. L., Sanchez, M. C., Sano, S., Santos, J. D., Santucci, G., Sarmah, P., Sashima, I., Sato, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, J. W., Seo, S. H., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shan, Z., Shaykina, A., Shimizu, I., Shin, C. D., Shinoki, M., Shiozawa, M., Sinnis, G., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M. B., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H. W., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Spina, R., Spisso, B., Spradlin, P., Stankevich, K. L., Stawarz, L., Stellacci, S. M., Stopa, K., Studenikin, A. I., Suarez Gomez, S. L., Suganuma, T., Suvorov, S., Suwa, Y., Suzuki, A. T., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Svirida, D., Svoboda, R., Taani, M., Tada, M., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Taketa, A., Takeuchi, Y., Takhistov, V., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, H. I., Tanaka, M., Tashiro, T., Thiesse, M., Thompson, L. F., Toledo, J., Tomatani-Sanchez, A. K., Tortone, G., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Valder, S., Valentino, V., Vasseur, G., Vijayvargi, A., Vilela, C., Vinning, W. G. S., Vivolo, D., Vladisavljevic, T., Vogelaar, R. B., Vyalkov, M. M., Wachala, T., Walker, J., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Wendell, R. A., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Wilson, J. R., Wronka, S., Xia, J., Xie, Z., Xin, T., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamamoto, K., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yeum, D. N., Yokoyama, M., Yonenaga, M., Yoo, J., Yu, I., Yu, M., Zakrzewski, T., Zaldivar, B., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Ziembicki, M., Zietara, K., Zito, M., Zsoldos, S., Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Hyper-Kamiokande, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 09.- Desarrollar infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible, y fomentar la innovación, KAMIOKANDE, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, neutrino: flux, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), neutrino, accretion, black hole, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Core-collapse supernovae, neutron star, Monte Carlo, physics.ins-det, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 16. Peace & justice, Supernova, neutrino: detector, 07.- Asegurar el acceso a energías asequibles, fiables, sostenibles y modernas para todos, supernova, neutrino astronomy, neutrino physics, Neutrino detector, Neutrino, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, supernova: collapse, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Observable universe, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Hyper-Kamiokande, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], High energy physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, supernova: model, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Black hole, Neutron star, Space and Planetary Science, neutrino: burst, galaxy, Neutrino astronomy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], astro-ph.IM
Abstract

Autorzy: Abe K., Adrich P., Aihara H., Akutsu, R., Alekseev I., Ali A. , Ameli F., Anghel I., Anthony L. H. V., Antonova M. , Araya A., Asaoka Y., Ashida Y., Aushev V., Ballester F., Bandac I., Barbi M., Barker G. J., Barr G., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak M., Bellato M., Berardi V., Bergevin M., Bernard L., Bernardini E., Berns L., Bhadra S., Bian J., Blanchet A., Blaszczyk F. d. M., Blonde A., Boiano A., Bolognesi S., Bonavera L., Booth N., Borjabad S., Boschi, T., Bose D., Boyd S . B., Bozza C., Bravar A., Bravo-Berguño D., Bronner C., Brown L., Bubak Arkadiusz, Buchowicz A., Buizza Avanzini M., Cafagna F. S., Calabria N. F., Calvo-Mozota J. M., Cao S., Cartwright S.L., Carroll A., Catanesi M. G., Cebriàn, S., Chabera M., Chakraborty, S., Checchia C., Choi J.H., Choubey S., Cicerchia M., Coleman J., Collazuol G., Cook L., Cowan G., Cuen-Rochin, S., Danilov M., Díaz López G., De la Fuente E., de Perio P., De Rosa G., Dealtry T., Densham C. J., Dergacheva A., Deshmukh N., Devi M. M., Di Lodovico F., Di Meo, P., Di Palma I., Doyle T. A., Drakopoulou E., Drapier O., Dumarchez J., Dunne P., Dziewiecki M., Eklund L., El Hedri S., Ellis J., Emery S., Esmaili A., Esteve R., Evangelisti A., Feely M., Fedotov S., Feng J., Fernandez P., Fernández-Martinez E., Ferrario P., Ferrazzi,B., Feusels T., Finch A., Finley C., Fiorentini A., Fiorillo G., Fitton M., Frankiewicz K., Friend M., Fujii Y., Fukuda Y., Galinski G., Gao J., Garde C., Garfagnini A., Garode S., Gialanella L., Giganti C., Gomez-Cadenas J.J., Gonin M., González-Nuevo J., Gorin A., Gornea R., Gousy-Leblanc V. Gramegna F. Grassi M. Grella G. Guigue M. Gumplinger P. Hadley D.R. Harada M., Hartfiel B., Hartz M., Hassani S., Hastings N.C., Hayato Y., Hernando-Morata J.A., Herrero V., Hill J., Hiraide K., Hirota S., Holin A., Horiuchi S., Hoshina K., Hultqvist K., Iacob F., Ichikawa A.K., Idrissi Ibnsalih W., Iijima T., Ikeda M., Inomoto M., Inoue K., Insler J., Ioannisian A., Ishida T., Ishidoshiro K., Ishino H., Ishitsuka M., Ito H., Ito S., Itow Y., Iwamoto K., Izmaylov A., Izumi N., Izumiyama S., Jakkapu M., Jamieson B., Jang H.I., Jang J.S., Jenkins S.J., Jeon S.H., Jiang M., Jo H.S., Jonsson P., Joo K.K., Kajita T., Kakuno H., Kameda J., Kano Y., Kalaczynski P., Karlen D., Kasperek J., Kataoka Y., Kato A., Katori T., Kazarian N., Kearns E., Khabibullin M., Khotjantsev A., Kikawa T., Kekic M., Kim J.H., Kim J.Y., Kim S.B., Kim S.Y., King S., Kinoshita T., Kisiel Jan, Klekotko A., Kobayashi T., Koch L., Koga M., Koerich L., Kolev N., Konaka A., Kormos L.L., Koshio Y., Korzenev A., Kotsar Y., Kouzakov K.A., Kowalik K.L., Kravchuk L., Kryukov A.P., Kudenko Y., Kumita T., Kurjata R., Kutter T., Kuze M., Kwak K., La Commara M., Labarga L., Lagoda J., Lamers James J., Lamoureux M., Laveder M., Lavitola L., Lawe M., Learned J.G., Lee J., Leitner R., Lezaun V., Lim I.T., Lindner T., Litchfield R.P., Long K.R., Longhin A., Loverre P., Lu X., Ludovici L., Maekawa Y., Magaletti L., Magar K., Mahn K., Makida Y., Malek M., Malinský M., Marchi T., Maret L., Mariani C., Marinelli A., Martens K., Marti L., Martin J.F. Martin D., Marzec J., Matsubara T., Matsumoto R., Matsuno S., Matusiak M., Mazzucato E., McCarthy M., McCauley N., McElwee J., McGrew C., Mefodiev A., Medhi A., Mehta P., Mellet L., Menjo H., Mermod P., Metelko C., Mezzetto M., Migenda J., Migliozzi P., Mijakowski P., Miki S., Miller E.W., Minakata H., Minamino A., Mine S., Mineev O., Mitra A., Miura M., Moharana R., Mollo C.M., Mondal T., Mongelli M., Monrabal F., Moon D.H., Moon C.S., Mora F.J., Moriyama S., Mueller Th.A., Munteanu L., Murase K., Nagao Y., Nakadaira T., Nakagiri K., Nakahata M., Nakai S., Nakajima Y., Nakamura K., Nakamura KI., Nakamura H., Nakano Y., Nakaya T., Nakayama S., Nakayoshi K., Nascimento Machado L., Naseby C.E.R., Navarro-Garcia B., Needham M., Nicholls T., Niewczas K., Nishimura Y., Noah E., Nova F., Nugent J.C., Nunokawa H., Obrebski W., Ochoa-Ricoux J.P., O’Connor E., Ogawa N., Ogitsu T., Ohta K., Okamoto K., O’Keeffe H.M., Okumura K., Onishchuk Y., Orozco-Luna F., Oshlianskyi A., Ospina N., Ostrowski M., O’Sullivan E., O’Sullivan L., Ovsiannikova T., Oyama Y., Ozaki H., Pac M.Y., Paganini P., Palladino V., Paolone V., Pari M., Parsa S., Pasternak J., Pastore C., Pastuszak G., Patel D.A., Pavin M., Payne D., Peña-Garay C., Pidcott C., Pinzon Guerra E., Playfer S., Pointon B.W., Popov A., Popov B., Porwit Kamil, Posiadala-Zezula M., Poutissou J.M., Pozimski J., Pronost G., Prouse N.W., Przewlocki P., Quilain B., Quiroga A.A., Radicioni E., Radics B., Rajda P.J., Renner J., Rescigno M., Retiere F., Ricciardi G., Riccio C., Richards B., Rondio E., Rose H.J., Roskovec B., Roth S., Rott C., Rountree S.D., Rubbia A., Ruggeri A.C., Ruggles C., Russo S., Rychter A., Ryu D., Sakashita K., Samani S., Sánchez F., Sánchez M.L., Sanchez M.C., Sano S., Santos J.D., Santucci G., Sarmah P., Sashima I., Sato K., Scott M., Seiya Y., Sekiguchi T., Sekiya H., Seo J.W., Seo S.H., Sgalaberna D., Shaikhiev A., Shan Z., Shaykina A., Shimizu I., Shin C.D., Shinoki M., Shiozawa M., Sinnis G., Skrobova N., Skwarczynski K., Smy M.B., Sobczyk J., Sobel H.W., Soler F. J. P., Sonoda Y., Spina R., Spisso B., Spradlin B., Stankevich K.L., Stawarz L., Stellacci S.M., Stopa K., Studenikin A.I., Suárez Gómez S.L., Suganuma T., Suvorov S., Suwa Y., Suzuki A.T., Suzuki S.Y., Suzuki Y., Svirida D., Svoboda R., Taani M., Tada M., Takeda A., Takemoto Y., Takenaka A., Taketa A., Takeuchi Y., Takhistov V., Tanaka H., Tanaka H.A., Tanaka H.I., Tanaka M., Tashiro T., Thiesse M., Thompson L.F., Toledo J., Tomatani-Sánchez A.K., Tortone G., Tsui K.M., Tsukamoto T., Tzanov M., Uchida Y., Vagins M.R., Valder S., Valentino V., Vasseur G., Vijayvargi A., Vilela C., Vinning W. G. S., Vivolo D., Vladisavljevic T., Vogelaar R.B., Vyalkov M.M., Wachala T., Walker J., Wark D., Wascko M.O., Wendell R.A., Wilkes R.J., Wilking M.J., Wilson M.R., Wronka S., Xia J., Xie Z., Xin T., Yamaguchi Y., Yamamoto K., Yanagisawa C., Yano T., Yen S., Yershov N., Yeum D.N., Yokoyama M., Yonenaga M., Yoo J., Yu I., Yu M., Zakrzewski T., Zaldivar B., Zalipska J., Zaremba K., Zarnecki G., Ziembicki M., Zietara K., Zito M., Zsoldos S., Core-collapse supernovae are among the most magnificent events in the observable universe. They produce many of the chemical elements necessary for life to exist and their remnants-neutron stars and black holes-are interesting astrophysical objects in their own right. However, despite millennia of observations and almost a century of astrophysical study, the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae is not yet well understood. Hyper-Kamiokande is a next-generation neutrino detector that will be able to observe the neutrino flux from the next galactic core-collapse supernova in unprecedented detail. We focus on the first 500 ms of the neutrino burst, corresponding to the accretion phase, and use a newly-developed, high-precision supernova event generator to simulate Hyper-Kamiokandeʼs response to five different supernova models. We show that Hyper-Kamiokande will be able to distinguish between these models with high accuracy for a supernova at a distance of up to 100 kpc. Once the next galactic supernova happens, this ability will be a powerful tool for guiding simulations toward a precise reproduction of the explosion mechanism observed in nature.

Published
2022

10. 1136 The differential expression of LIMA1/EPLIN in normal and cervical cancer tissues

Author

E Kalafati, E Drakopoulou, K Pappa, and N Anagnou

Subjects
Cervical cancer, Intraepithelial neoplasia, Adenosquamous carcinoma, business.industry, medicine, Cancer research, Adenocarcinoma, medicine.disease, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, Ovarian cancer, business, Koilocyte, Actin filament depolymerization
Abstract

Introduction/Background* LIMA1 or EPLIN is a cytoskeleton-associated protein involved in cytoskeleton regulation and dynamics, by inhibiting actin filament depolymerization and cross-linking filaments. The role of LIMA1 has been investigated in several malignant diseases including prostate, esophageal, breast and ovarian cancer. Its expression is often lost or aberrant in tumor cells leading to aggressive phenotypes. The aim of this study was to systematically assess the expression of LIMA1 in cervical cancer. Methodology Immunohistochemical analysis using anti-EPLIN antibody was performed in 22 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 14 cases of adenocarcinoma including one case with mucinous and one case with endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 5 cases of adenosquamous carcinoma, 25 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 11 normal samples. The correlation of LIMA1 aberrant expression and disease progression was performed using the medical records of patients. Clinical samples of normal and tumor tissues were surgically excised, following an informed consent from all participants. Result(s)* The levels of LIMA1 expression were low for healthy specimens, and limited to the cells of the basal membrane. LIMA1 expression showed a slight increase in the cases of intraepithelial neoplasia; however, it was quite low in cells displaying a HPV cytopathic effect (koilocytosis). On the contrary, the LIMA1 levels of both cytoplasmic and cell-membrane staining were significantly increased in the cases of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Lastly, LIMA1 was highly expressed in undifferentiated, non-keratinizing, squamous cell carcinoma associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion* Our results demonstrate that LIMA1 is differentially expressed not only in normal and cervical cancer tissues, but also in precancerous lesions and malignant cervical neoplasia, highlighting its role in cervical cancer progression and its potential exploitation as a prognostic factor.

Published
2021

11. 1129 Downregulation of LIMA1expression induces cancer features in normal cervical keratinocyte HCK1T cells leading to increased migration and invasion

Author

E Kalafati, E Drakopoulou, K Pappa, N Anagnou, and AG Vasilopoulou

Subjects
HeLa, Small hairpin RNA, Gene knockdown, Multiplicity of infection, biology, Downregulation and upregulation, RNA methylation, medicine, Cancer research, Cancer, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Metastasis
Abstract

Introduction/Background* Cervical cancer (CC) remains the fourth most common and lethal cancer type in women; therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms and development of novel diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic approaches are critical steps for improving CC management. We have previously performed a detailed comparative proteomic analysis between HeLa, SiHa and CD33A CC cell lines and the normal cervical keratinocytes HCK1T cells (Pappa et al, Oncol Rep. 42:1441, 2019) aiming to elucidate novel and potential therapeutic targets. Among hundreds of deregulated proteins between cancer and normal cell lines, LIMA1 or EPLIN, a protein decreased or lost in neoplasia, was statistically downregulated in all CC cell lines. Since LIMA1 role in CC is not fully elucidated yet, we aimed to downregulate its expression in HCK1T cells and assess the putative induction of cancer characteristics, such as increased proliferation, migration and invasion. Additionally, we studied the global m6A RNA methylation pattern in the presence and absence of LIMA1, aiming to highlight a potential role of epitranscriptomics in cancer onset and progression. Methodology We downregulated LIMA1 expression in the HCK1T cell line using a lentiviral vector (LV) carrying a shRNA for either LIMA1 (shLIMA1) or no target (shNT) at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) 25. Following LIMA1 quantification both at protein and mRNA level, we assessed proliferation, invasion, migration and colony formation efficiency in shNT or shLIMA1 LV-transduced HCK1T cells. Proliferation was assessed using CCK8, while invasion and migration using Transwell®, with or without matrigel-coated inserts, respectively. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of m6A RNA methylation was done by qPCR and colorimetric EpiQuick® kit respectively. Result(s)* Transduction with shLIMA1 LV led to a 98% mean decrease of LIMA1 expression (n=3), leading to a 126% (p=0.021, n=3) and 103% (p=0.0091, n=3) increase in migration and invasion respectively, while we did not observe any difference in cell proliferation and colony formation efficiency. Preliminary data regarding m6A RNA methylation point towards a slight increase following LIMA1 knockdown. Conclusion* LIMA1 may play an important role in cancer progression and metastasis and can set the grounds for novel and personalised therapy treatments for CC patients.

Published
2021

12. 1138 Aberrant expression of enzymes regulating m6A RNA methylation in cervical cancer cell lines, and their implication to cervical cancer

Author

AG Vasilopoulou, N Anagnou, E Kalafati, K Pappa, and E Drakopoulou

Subjects
Regulation of gene expression, HeLa, Methyltransferase, biology, RNA methylation, MRNA modification, Gene expression, medicine, Methylation, biology.organism_classification, Carcinogenesis, medicine.disease_cause, Molecular biology
Abstract

Introduction/Background* RNA modifications play a key role in the regulation of gene expression. Among them, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent mRNA modification. m6A methylation modulates the gene expression by influencing numerous aspects of mRNA metabolism, including pre-mRNA processing, nuclear export, and translation. Many studies have demonstrated the importance of m6A-mediated post-transcriptional gene regulation in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes, especially in tumorigenesis. This modification is dynamically modulated by proteins such as methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers) and, recruitment of m6A-binding proteins (readers). In this study we investigated the different m6A methylation patterns between HeLa, SiHa and C33A cervical cancer (CC) cell lines and normal HCK1T cervical keratinocyte cells. Methodology Gene expression levels of writers (METTL3, METTL14 and WTAP), erasers (ALKBH5 and FTO), and readers (IGF2BP-I, YTHDF1 and HNRNPA2B) was determined at mRNA and protein level by qPCR and Western blot, respectively. The quantification of RNA methylation was performed by colorimetric assay using the EpiQuick® methylation kit. Result(s)* The expression of METTL3 and METTL14 methyltransferases in C33A cells was significantly higher (p=0,0274 and p=0,0343, respectively) while a statistically significant increase was observed for both SiHa and HeLa for WTAP compared to HCK1T cells (p=0,0153 and p=0,0312, respectively). In the case of demethylases, FTO was statistically increased in C33A and SiHa (p=0,0015 and p=0,0342, respectively), while ALKBH5 was expressed at higher levels only in C33A (p=0,0054) in comparison with HCK1T cells. The expression of readers, YTHDF1 and IGF2BP-1, was statistically increased in C33A (p=0,0058 and p=0,0031, respectively) and SiHa (p=0,0123 and p=0,0161, respectively). Moreover, the methylation rate of all three CC cell lines was higher (HeLa 0.25%, SiHa 0.17% and C33A 0.20%) compared to HCK1T normal cervical cells (0.14%). Conclusion* Overall, the expression of writers, erasers and readers was enhanced in CC cells, highlighting a deregulation in this critical process. Ongoing experiments focus on the differential expression of the genes of the three groups in samples from cervical cancer with different degrees of dysplasia, to investigate their individual role in cervical cancer progression.

Published
2021

13. The Hyper-Kamiokande Experiment -- Snowmass LOI

Author

Hyper-Kamiokande Collaboration, K. Abe, P. Adrich, H. Aihara, R. Akutsu, I. Alekseev, A. Ali, F. Ameli, L. H. V. Anthony, A. Araya, Y. Asaoka, V. Aushev, I. Bandac, M. Barbi, G. Barr, M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M. Bellato, V. Berardi, L. Bernard, E. Bernardini, L. Berns, S. Bhadra, J. Bian, A. Blanchet, A. Blondel, A. Boiano, S. Bolognesi, L. Bonavera, S. Borjabad, T. Boschi, D. Bose, S . B. Boyd, C. Bozza, A. Bravar, C. Bronner, A. Bubak, A. Buchowicz, M. Buizza Avanzini, F. S. Cafagna, N. F. Calabria, J. M. Calvo-Mozota, S. Cao, M. G. Catanesi, S. Chakraborty, J. H. Choi, S. Choubey, M. Cicerchia, J. Coleman, G. Collazuol, S. Cuen-Rochin, M. Danilov, E. De la Fuente, P. de Perio, G. De Rosa, T. Dealtry, C. J. Densham, A. Dergacheva, N. Deshmukh, M. M. Devi, F. Di Lodovico, P. Di Meo, I. Di Palma, T. A. Doyle, E. Drakopoulou, O. Drapier, J. Dumarchez, L. Eklund, S. El Hedri, J. Ellis, S. Emery, A. Esmaili, S. Fedotov, J. Feng, E. Fernández-Martinez, P. Ferrario, B. Ferrazzi, A. Finch, C. Finley, G. Fiorillo, M. Fitton, M. Friend, Y. Fujii, Y. Fukuda, G. Galinski, J. Gao, C. Garde, A. Garfagnini, S. Garode, L. Gialanella, C. Giganti, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, M. Gonin, J. González-Nuevo, A. Gorin, R. Gornea, F. Gramegna, M. Grassi, G. Grella, M. Guigue, D. R. Hadley, M. Harada, M. Hartz, S. Hassani, N. C. Hastings, Y. Hayato, K. Hiraide, K. Hoshina, K. Hultqvist, F. Iacob, A. K. Ichikawa, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, M. Ikeda, M. Inomoto, A. Ioannisian, T. Ishida, K. Ishidoshiro, H. Ishino, M. Ishitsuka, H. Ito, S. Ito, Y. Itow, K. Iwamoto, N. Izumi, S. Izumiyama, M. Jakkapu, B. Jamieson, J. S. Jang, H. S. Jo, P. Jonsson, K. K. Joo, T. Kajita, H. Kakuno, J. Kameda, Y. Kano, D. Karlen, Y. Kataoka, A. Kato, T. Katori, N. Kazarian, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjantsev, T. Kikawa, J. Y. Kim, S. B. Kim, S. King, T. Kinoshita, J. Kisiel, A. Klekotko, T. Kobayashi, L. Koerich, N. Kolev, A. Konaka, L. L. Kormos, Y. Koshio, Y. Kotsar, K. A. Kouzakov, K. L. Kowalik, L. Kravchuk, A. P. Kryukov, Y. Kudenko, T. Kumita, R. Kurjata, T. Kutter, M. Kuze, K. Kwak, M. La Commara, L. Labarga, J. Lagoda, M. Lamoureux, M. Laveder, L. Lavitola, J. Lee, R. Leitner, V. Lezaun, I. T. Lim, T. Lindner, R. P. Litchfield, K. R. Long, A. Longhin, P. Loverre, X. Lu, L. Ludovici, Y. Maekawa, L. Magaletti, K. Magar, Y. Makida, M. Malek, M. Malinský, T. Marchi, C. Mariani, A. Marinelli, K. Martens, Ll. Marti, J. F. Martin, D. Martin, J. Marzec, T. Matsubara, R. Matsumoto, N. McCauley, A. Medhi, P. Mehta, L. Mellet, H. Menjo, M. Mezzetto, J. Migenda, P. Migliozzi, S. Miki, A. Minamino, S. Mine, O. Mineev, A. Mitra, M. Miura, R. Moharana, C. M. Mollo, T. Mondal, M. Mongelli, F. Monrabal, D. H. Moon, C. S. Moon, S. Moriyama, T. Mueller, Y. Nagao, T. Nakadaira, K. Nakagiri, M. Nakahata, S. Nakai, Y. Nakajima, K. Nakamura, KI. Nakamura, H. Nakamura, Y. Nakano, T. Nakaya, S. Nakayama, K. Nakayoshi, L. Nascimento Machado, C. E. R. Naseby, B. Navarro-Garcia, M. Needham, K. Niewczas, Y. Nishimura, F. Nova, J. C. Nugent, H. Nunokawa, W. Obrebski, J. P. Ochoa-Ricoux, E. O'Connor, N. Ogawa, T. Ogitsu, K. Okamoto, H. M. O'Keeffe, K. Okumura, Y. Onishchuk, F. Orozco-Luna, A. Oshlianskyi, N. Ospina, M. Ostrowski, E. O'Sullivan, Y. Oyama, H. Ozaki, M. Y. Pac, P. Paganini, V. Palladino, M. Pari, J. Pasternak, C. Pastore, G. Pastuszak, D. A. Patel, M. Pavin, D. Payne, C. Peña-Garay, C. Pidcott, S. Playfer, B. W. Pointon, A. Popov, B. Popov, K. Porwit, M. Posiadala-Zezula, G. Pronost, N. W. Prouse, B. Quilain, A. A. Quiroga, E. Radicioni, B. Radics, P. J. Rajda, M. Rescigno, G. Ricciardi, B. Richards, E. Rondio, B. Roskovec, S. Roth, C. Rott, A. Rubbia, A. C. Ruggeri, S. Russo, A. Rychter, D. Ryu, K. Sakashita, S. Samani, F. Sánchez, M. L. Sánchez, S. Sano, J. D. Santos, G. Santucci, P. Sarmah, K. Sato, M. Scott, Y. Seiya, T. Sekiguchi, H. Sekiya, J. W. Seo, D. Sgalaberna, A. Shaykina, I. Shimizu, C. D. Shin, M. Shinoki, M. Shiozawa, N. Skrobova, K. Skwarczynski, M. B. Smy, J. Sobczyk, H. W. Sobel, F. J. P. Soler, Y. Sonoda, R. Spina, B. Spisso, P. Spradlin, K. L. Stankevich, L. Stawarz, S. M. Stellacci, A. I. Studenikin, S. L. Suárez Gómez, T. Suganuma, S. Suvorov, Y. Suwa, A. T. Suzuki, S. Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, D. Svirida, M. Taani, M. Tada, A. Takeda, Y. Takemoto, A. Takenaka, A. Taketa, Y. Takeuchi, H. Tanaka, H. I. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, T. Tashiro, M. Thiesse, L. F. Thompson, A. K. Tomatani-Sánchez, G. Tortone, K. M. Tsui, T. Tsukamoto, M. Tzanov, Y. Uchida, M. R. Vagins, S. Valder, V. Valentino, G. Vasseur, A. Vijayvargi, W. G. S. Vinning, D. Vivolo, R. B. Vogelaar, M. M. Vyalkov, T. Wachala, J. Walker, D. Wark, M. O. Wascko, R. A. Wendell, J. R. Wilson, S. Wronka, J. Xia, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Yamamoto, T. Yano, N. Yershov, M. Yokoyama, J. Yoo, I. Yu, T. Zakrzewski, B. Zaldivar, J. Zalipska, K. Zaremba, G. Zarnecki, M. Ziembicki, K. Zietara, M. Zito, S. Zsoldos, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Hyper-Kamiokande, HEP, INSPIRE, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collaboration, Hyper-Kamiokande, Abe, K., Adrich, P., Aihara, H., Akutsu, R., Alekseev, I., Ali, A., Ameli, F., Anthony, L. H. V., Araya, A., Asaoka, Y., Aushev, V., Bandac, I., Barbi, M., Barr, G., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bellato, M., Berardi, V., Bernard, L., Bernardini, E., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Bian, J., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Boiano, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonavera, L., Borjabad, S., Boschi, T., Bose, D., Boyd, S . B., Bozza, C., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bubak, A., Buchowicz, A., Buizza Avanzini, M., Cafagna, F. S., Calabria, N. F., Calvo-Mozota, J. M., Cao, S., Catanesi, M. G., Chakraborty, S., Choi, J. H., Choubey, S., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cuen-Rochin, S., Danilov, M., De la Fuente, E., de Perio, P., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Densham, C. J., Dergacheva, A., Deshmukh, N., Devi, M. M., Di Lodovico, F., Di Meo, P., Di Palma, I., Doyle, T. A., Drakopoulou, E., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Eklund, L., El Hedri, S., Ellis, J., Emery, S., Esmaili, A., Fedotov, S., Feng, J., Fernández-Martinez, E., Ferrario, P., Ferrazzi, B., Finch, A., Finley, C., Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M., Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galinski, G., Gao, J., Garde, C., Garfagnini, A., Garode, S., Gialanella, L., Giganti, C., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gonin, M., González-Nuevo, J., Gorin, A., Gornea, R., Gramegna, F., Grassi, M., Grella, G., Guigue, M., Hadley, D. R., Harada, M., Hartz, M., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Hoshina, K., Hultqvist, K., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Idrissi Ibnsalih, W., Ikeda, M., Inomoto, M., Ioannisian, A., Ishida, T., Ishidoshiro, K., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Ito, S., Itow, Y., Iwamoto, K., Izumi, N., Izumiyama, S., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jang, J. S., Jo, H. S., Jonsson, P., Joo, K. K., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kano, Y., Karlen, D., Kataoka, Y., Kato, A., Katori, T., Kazarian, N., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., King, S., Kinoshita, T., Kisiel, J., Klekotko, A., Kobayashi, T., Koerich, L., Kolev, N., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Kotsar, Y., Kouzakov, K. A., Kowalik, K. L., Kravchuk, L., Kryukov, A. P., Kudenko, Y., Kumita, T., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwak, K., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lagoda, J., Lamoureux, M., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lee, J., Leitner, R., Lezaun, V., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Long, K. R., Longhin, A., Loverre, P., Lu, X., Ludovici, L., Maekawa, Y., Magaletti, L., Magar, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Malinský, M., Marchi, T., Mariani, C., Marinelli, A., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Martin, J. F., Martin, D., Marzec, J., Matsubara, T., Matsumoto, R., Mccauley, N., Medhi, A., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Menjo, H., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Migliozzi, P., Miki, S., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mitra, A., Miura, M., Moharana, R., Mollo, C. M., Mondal, T., Mongelli, M., Monrabal, F., Moon, D. H., Moon, C. S., Moriyama, S., Mueller, T., Nagao, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakai, S., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, Ki., Nakamura, H., Nakano, Y., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nakayoshi, K., Nascimento Machado, L., Naseby, C. E. R., Navarro-Garcia, B., Needham, M., Niewczas, K., Nishimura, Y., Nova, F., Nugent, J. C., Nunokawa, H., Obrebski, W., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., O'Connor, E., Ogawa, N., Ogitsu, T., Okamoto, K., O'Keeffe, H. M., Okumura, K., Onishchuk, Y., Orozco-Luna, F., Oshlianskyi, A., Ospina, N., Ostrowski, M., O'Sullivan, E., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, H., Pac, M. Y., Paganini, P., Palladino, V., Pari, M., Pasternak, J., Pastore, C., Pastuszak, G., Patel, D. A., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Peña-Garay, C., Pidcott, C., Playfer, S., Pointon, B. W., Popov, A., Popov, B., Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Pronost, G., Prouse, N. W., Quilain, B., Quiroga, A. A., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Rajda, P. J., Rescigno, M., Ricciardi, G., Richards, B., Rondio, E., Roskovec, B., Roth, S., Rott, C., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Russo, S., Rychter, A., Ryu, D., Sakashita, K., Samani, S., Sánchez, F., Sánchez, M. L., Sano, S., Santos, J. D., Santucci, G., Sarmah, P., Sato, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, J. W., Sgalaberna, D., Shaykina, A., Shimizu, I., Shin, C. D., Shinoki, M., Shiozawa, M., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M. B., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H. W., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Spina, R., Spisso, B., Spradlin, P., Stankevich, K. L., Stawarz, L., Stellacci, S. M., Studenikin, A. I., Suárez Gómez, S. L., Suganuma, T., Suvorov, S., Suwa, Y., Suzuki, A. T., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, Y., Svirida, D., Taani, M., Tada, M., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Taketa, A., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, H. I., Tanaka, M., Tashiro, T., Thiesse, M., Thompson, L. F., Tomatani-Sánchez, A. K., Tortone, G., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Valder, S., Valentino, V., Vasseur, G., Vijayvargi, A., Vinning, W. G. S., Vivolo, D., Vogelaar, R. B., Vyalkov, M. M., Wachala, T., Walker, J., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Wendell, R. A., Wilson, J. R., Wronka, S., Xia, J., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamamoto, K., Yano, T., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Yoo, J., Yu, I., Zakrzewski, T., Zaldivar, B., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Ziembicki, M., Zietara, K., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.

Subjects
nucleon: decay, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Cherenkov counter: water, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, J-PARC Lab, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), KAMIOKANDE, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], upgrade, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detector, neutrino: oscillation, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], activity report
Abstract

Hyper-Kamiokande is the next generation underground water Cherenkov detector that builds on the highly successful Super-Kamiokande experiment. The detector which has an 8.4~times larger effective volume than its predecessor will be located along the T2K neutrino beamline and utilize an upgraded J-PARC beam with 2.6~times beam power. Hyper-K's low energy threshold combined with the very large fiducial volume make the detector unique, that is expected to acquire an unprecedented exposure of 3.8~Mton$\cdot$year over a period of 20~years of operation. Hyper-Kamiokande combines an extremely diverse science program including nucleon decays, long-baseline neutrino oscillations, atmospheric neutrinos, and neutrinos from astrophysical origins. The scientific scope of this program is highly complementary to liquid-argon detectors for example in sensitivity to nucleon decay channels or supernova detection modes. Hyper-Kamiokande construction has started in early 2020 and the experiment is expected to start operations in 2027. The Hyper-Kamiokande collaboration is presently being formed amongst groups from 19 countries including the United States, whose community has a long history of making significant contributions to the neutrino physics program in Japan. US physicists have played leading roles in the Kamiokande, Super-Kamiokande, EGADS, K2K, and T2K programs., 6 pages, prepared as Snowmass2021 LOI

Published
2020

14. Parecoxib's effects on anastomotic and abdominal wound healing: a randomized control trial

Author

Martinou, E. Drakopoulou, S. Aravidou, E. Sergentanis, T. Kondi-Pafiti, A. Argyra, E. Voros, D. Fragulidis, G.P.

Abstract

Background Current evidence regarding the effects of selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors on gastrointestinal anastomoses is controversial. An experimental randomized control study was conducted in our institution to histopathologically evaluate the consequences of parecoxib, on intestinal and abdominal wound healing. Methods Twenty-four adult Wistar rats underwent laparotomy, ascending colon transection, and hand-sewn anastomosis. They were randomized to receive either parecoxib (0.5 mg/kg twice daily) or 0.9% normal saline by intraperitoneal injection postoperatively. Animals were euthanatized either on the third or the seventh postoperative day. Semiquantitative methods were used to evaluate both intestinal and abdominal wounds for inflammatory cell composition, angiogenesis, fibroblasts, granular tissue, collagen deposition, epithelization, and presence of necrosis, exudate, and abscess formation. Results are presented as (parecoxib: median [IQR] versus control: median [IQR], P-value). Results No macroscopic anastomotic leakage or wound dehiscence was observed. Intestinal anastomoses in the parecoxib group, showed significantly decreased epithelization (2 [1] versus 3 [1], [P = 0.004]) and collagen deposition (2 [0] versus 3 [1], [P = 0.041]). No difference was observed in angiogenesis (3 [1] versus 2.5 [1], [P = 0.158]). Abdominal wall specimens appeared to demonstrate decreased epithelization (2 [2] versus 4 [0.5], [P = 0.0004]) in the treatment group. No difference between the two groups was identified regarding collagen deposition (2.5 [1] versus 2 [0.5], [P = 0.280]) and angiogenesis (2.5 [1] versus 2 [1], [P = 0.633]). Necrosis was significantly more present in the parecoxib group in both specimen types, (3.5 [1] versus 2.5 [1], [P = 0.017]) and (3 [1] versus 1 [0.5], [P < 0.0001]). Conclusions The present study shows that despite the absence of clinical adverse effects, parecoxib can impair anastomotic and abdominal wound healing on a histopathological level. © 2017 Elsevier Inc.

Published
2018

15. Application of machine learning techniques to lepton energy reconstruction in water Cherenkov detectors

Author

S. Playfer, E. Drakopoulou, Matthew Needham, G. A. Cowan, and M. Taani

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Resolution (electron density), Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Lookup table, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Energy (signal processing), Lepton
Abstract

The application of machine learning techniques to the reconstruction of lepton energies in water Cherenkov detectors is discussed and illustrated for TITUS, a proposed intermediate detector for the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment. It is found that applying these techniques leads to an improvement of more than 50% in the energy resolution for all lepton energies compared to an approach based upon lookup tables. Machine learning techniques can be easily applied to different detector configurations and the results are comparable to likelihood-function based techniques that are currently used.

Published
2017

16. An intermediate water Cherenkov detector for the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment: overview and status

Author

E. Drakopoulou

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cherenkov detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata matrix, law.invention, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Neutrino, Cherenkov radiation, Lepton
Abstract

The proposed Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) is a next generation underground large water Cherenkov (WCh) detector. Hyper-K will act as a far detector to measure the oscillated neutrino flux from the long-baseline neutrino experiment using 0.6 GeV neutrinos produced by a 1.3 MW proton beam at J-PARC in Japan. It has a broad program of physics and astrophysics mainly focusing on the precise measurement of the lepton mixing matrix and the leptonic CP asymmetry. The main systematic uncertainties on these measurements arise from uncertainties on the modelling of neutrino-nucleus interactions. To minimise these uncertainties an intermediate WCh detector, E61, has been proposed. E61 aims to investigate the relation between the neutrino energy and the lepton kinematics using measurements of final state muons at many different off-axis angles. The detector will use a new technique to enhance its performance, neutron tagging. The water in the tank will be doped with Gd that allows to tag neutrons. Tagging events by the presence and number of final-state neutrons provides a unique capability to discriminate between different (anti)neutrino interactions. A neutron multiplicity spectrum will be measured aiming to improve the current knowledge of neutrino nucleon interactions and thus help in the background reduction as well in the systematic uncertainty reduction at Hyper-K. We will discuss the expected physics reach and the status of the E61 experiment focusing on the benefits from the off-axis spanning and neutron tagging techniques.

Published
2017

17. The response of an autonomous underwater telescope to high energy neutrinos for the observation of Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs)

Author

K. Balasi, E. Drakopoulou, P. Rapidis, C. Begatelas, Konstantinos Pikounis, K. Tzamarioudaki, and C. Markou

Subjects
Physics, Telescope, High energy, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics, Underwater, Neutrino, Gamma-ray burst, law.invention
Abstract

The response of an underwater neutrino detector is discussed for investigating its performance to the detection of muons and high energy neutrinos. The afformentioned telescope consists of an autonomous battery operated detector string to a central 4-floor tower. In this aim, we utilised a fast detector simulation program, SIRENE, to simulate the hits from Cherenkov photons at ultra high energies (as high as 1020 eV). In order to optimize the detector, analytical studies for different configurations and characteristics of the photo-multiplier tubes inside the optical modules of the telescope was also examined.

Published
2019

19. A method to stabilise the performance of negatively fed KM3NeT photomultipliers

Author

M. Circella, C. D'Amato, Andrea Biagioni, G. Kieft, G. Pellegrini, Antonio Capone, S. Adrián-Martínez, P. Timmer, J. Schmelling, Piero Vicini, Maurizio Spurio, Rosanna Cocimano, Antonio D'Onofrio, A.J. Heijboer, J.A. Martínez-Mora, Fabrizio Ameli, G. Pühlhofer, M. de Jong, F. Terrasi, F. Versari, Bruny Baret, M. Ageron, M. Morganti, D. Lo Presti, Jörn Wilms, Els Koffeman, Michel André, C. Perrina, F. Di Capua, S. Eichie, P. Coyle, Giacomo Cuttone, B. Bouhadef, Paolo Fermani, Jürgen Brunner, E. Barbarito, Raffaele Buompane, V. Giordano, Mario Musumeci, A. Cosquer, R. Bruijn, G.E. Păvălaş, G. Ferrara, D. Stransky, A. Trovato, P. Migliozzi, A.M. van den Berg, V. Van Elewyck, A. Martini, A. Liolios, L. Quinn, I. Di Palma, G. C. Barbarino, Apostolos Tsirigotis, M. Durocher, Silvio Cherubini, I. Olcina, G. Cacopardo, Cristiano Bozza, T. Avgitas, M. M. Pfützner, N. Randazzo, E. Drakopoulou, Fabio Marzaioli, Herbert Löhner, S. Galatà, S. Bourret, S. Henry, G. E. Poma, K. Pikounis, M. Saldaña, Francesco Simeone, Alessandro Lonardo, F. Raffaelli, B. Vallage, A. Marinelli, M. Sedita, A. Sánchez Losa, L. Caillat, A. Enzenhöfer, Oleg Kalekin, Fabio Pratolongo, A. D'Amico, Antonios Leisos, C. Boutonnet, M. Gebyehu, Lucio Gialanella, J.D. Zornoza, Yahya Tayalati, D. Kießling, M.C. Bouwhuis, Sara Pulvirenti, Carmelo Pellegrino, F. Garufi, M. Volkert, R. Mele, Silvia Celli, Simona Maria Stellacci, S. Loucatos, T. Pradier, A. Coleiro, L. Classen, R. Bormuth, Vitaliano Chiarella, P. Piattelli, V. van Beveren, Matthias Kadler, L. K. Resvanis, V. Sciacca, M. Anghinolfi, Giulia Illuminati, D. van Eijk, S. Theraube, J. C. Vermeulen, K. Zachariadou, Domenico Santonocito, C. W. James, Patrick Lamare, Sotirios Harissopulos, H. van Haren, E. Migneco, L Chiarelli, F. Schimmel, G. Frascadore, B. Spisso, M. Cordelli, C. D. Llorens Alvarez, Valeria Sipala, T. Michael, Thomas Eberl, M. Lotze, M. Taiuti, A. Rovelli, Abdelilah Moussa, Paolo Musico, Michael Kreter, Carlos Maximiliano Mollo, L. Trasatti, F. Giacomini, M. Ardid, M. Furini, C. Olivetto, L.W. Wiggers, M. Hevinga, Nicolo' Beverini, H. Peek, C. Hugon, S. Colonges, D. Calvo, P. Jansweijer, Gisela Anton, S.F. Biagi, M. Billault, C. De Sio, A. Albert, E. Buis, C. Tönnis, Diego Real, C. Racca, Antoine Kouchner, Corinne Donzaud, Paolo Sapienza, P.M. Kooijman, A. Paolucci, A. Papaikonomou, E. Berbee, V. Popa, G. De Bonis, I. Salvadori, Robert Lahmann, J. Reubelt, T. Heid, Georgios Stavropoulos, Sebastiano Aiello, A. Sánchez García, Karl Mannheim, E. Tzamariudaki, M. Mongelli, I. El Bojaddaini, C. Rossi, M. Calamai, D. Drouhin, Q. Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Steffen Hallmann, M. Bondì, E. G. Anassontzis, Damien Dornic, Jos Steijger, Riccardo Travaglini, Alexander Kappes, A. Miraglia, Salvatore Viola, E. Heine, Dominik Elsaesser, G. Bourlis, P. Keller, G. Grella, Matteo Sanguineti, G. Pancaldi, Andrea Santangelo, A. Grmek, P. Mijakowski, Kay Graf, Karel Melis, J. Barrios-Martí, Enrico Maccioni, R. Habel, M. Favaro, S. Beurthey, Nectaria A. B. Gizani, Carlo Alessandro Nicolau, M. Lindsey Clark, S. Tzamarias, C. Markou, Riccardo Papaleo, G. Riccobene, Uli Katz, A. Belias, A. Creusot, A. Orzelli, E. De Wolff, R. Gracia, G. Androulakis, Jutta Schnabel, O. Mariş, M. Jongen, Jose Busto, D. Cobas, J. Zúñiga, T. Gal, T. Seitz, C. Distefano, D. F. E. Samtleben, Daniele Vivolo, A. Margotti, S Zani, Luigi Antonio Fusco, Joao A B Coelho, M. Guerzoni, L. Caramete, T. Grégoire, Annarita Margiotta, D. Tézier, I. Sgura, Angelo Orlando, C. Champion, V. Kulikovskiy, M. Manzali, S. Cecchini, Juan José Hernández-Rey, Emanuele Leonora, Tommaso Chiarusi, R. Coniglione, J. Hofestädt, V. Bertin, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Km3NeT Collaboration, Adrián Martínez, S. Am, Ageron, M. B, Aiello, S. S, Albert, A. An, Ameli, F. W, Anassontzis, E. G. Ad, Andre, M. Al, Androulakis, G. Ab, Anghinolfi, M. T, Anton, G. G, Ardid, M. Am, Avgitas, T. C, Barbarino, G. Uai, Barbarito, E. Q, Baret, B. C, Barrios Martí, J. K, Belias, A. Ab, Berbee, E. F, Van Den Berg, A. Y, Bertin, V. B, Beurthey, S. B, Van Beveren, V. F, Beverini, N. Vaj, Biagi, S. O, Biagioni, A. W, Billault, M. B, Bondì, M. S, Bormuth, R. Fz, Bouhadef, B. V, Bourlis, G. J, Bourret, S. C, Boutonnet, C. C, Bouwhuis, M. F, Bozza, C. At, Bruijn, R. Aq, Brunner, J. B, Buis, E. Ag, Buompane, R. Uae, Busto, J. B, Cacopardo, G. O, Caillat, L. B, Calamai, M. V, Calvo, D. K, Capone, A. Wak, Caramete, L. X, Cecchini, S. R, Celli, S. Iwak, Champion, C. C, Cherubini, S. Oar, Chiarella, V. P, Chiarelli, L. Nr, Chiarusi, T. R, Circella, M. Q, Classen, L. G, Cobas, D. C, Cocimano, R. O, Coelho, J. A. B. C, Coleiro, A. C, Colonges, S. C, Coniglione, R. O, Cordelli, M. P, Cosquer, A. B, Coyle, P. B, Creusot, A. C, Cuttone, G. O, D'Amato, C. O, D'Amico, A. F, D'Onofrio, A. Uae, De Bonis, G. W, De Sio, C. At, DI CAPUA, Francesco, Di Palma, I. Wak, Distefano, C. O, Donzaud, C. C, Dornic, D. B, Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q. Y, Drakopoulou, E. Ab, Drouhin, D. An, Durocher, M. Io, Eberl, T. G, Eichie, S. Gh, Van Eijk, D. F, El Bojaddaini, I. Ao, Elsaesser, D. Au, Enzenhöfer, A. B, Favaro, M. Nr, Fermani, P. W, Ferrara, G. Oar, Frascadore, G. O, Furini, M. R, Fusco, L. A. Rah, Gal, T. G, Galatà, S. C, Garufi, F. Uai, Gay, P. Cm, Gebyehu, M. F, Giacomini, F. Nr, Gialanella, L. Uae, Giordano, V. S, Gizani, N. J, Gracia, R. C, Graf, K. G, Grégoire, T. C, Grella, G. At, Grmek, A. O, Guerzoni, M. R, Habel, R. P, Hallmann, S. G, Van Haren, H. Ac, Harissopulos, S. Ab, Heid, T. G, Heijboer, A. F, Heine, E. F, Henry, S. B, Hernández Rey, J. J. K, Hevinga, M. Y, Hofestädt, J. G, Hugon, C. M. F. T, Illuminati, G. K, James, C. W. G, Jansweijer, P. F, Jongen, M. F, De Jong, M. F, Kadler, M. Au, Kalekin, O. G, Kappes, A. G, Katz, U. F. G, Keller, P. B, Kieft, G. F, Kießling, D. G, Koffeman, E. N. F, Kooijman, P. Aqav, Kouchner, A. C, Kreter, M. Au, Kulikovskiy, V. B, Lahmann, R. G, Lamare, P. B, Leisos, A. J, Leonora, E. S, Clark, M. L. C, Liolios, A. D, Alvarez, C. D. L. Am, Lo Presti, D. S, Löhner, H. Y, Lonardo, A. W, Lotze, M. K, Loucatos, S. C, Maccioni, E. Vaj, Mannheim, K. Au, Manzali, M. Nr, Margiotta, A. Rah, Margotti, A. R, Marinelli, A. Vaj, Mariš, O. X, Markou, C. Ab, Martínez Mora, J. A. Am, Martini, A. P, Marzaioli, F. Uae, Mele, R. Uai, Melis, K. W. F, Michael, T. F, Migliozzi, P. U, Migneco, E. O, Mijakowski, P. Aa, Miraglia, A. O, Mollo, C. M. U, Mongelli, M. Q, Morganti, M. Av, Moussa, A. Ao, Musico, P. T, Musumeci, M. O, Nicolau, C. A. W, Olcina, I. K, Olivetto, C. C, Orlando, A. O, Orzelli, A. T, Pancaldi, G. R, Paolucci, A. R, Papaikonomou, A. J, Papaleo, R. O, Pǎvǎlaš, G. E. X, Peek, H. F, Pellegrini, G. R, Pellegrino, C. Rah, Perrina, C. Wak, Pfutzner, M. F, Piattelli, P. O, Pikounis, K. Ab, Poma, G. E. Oar, Popa, V. X, Pradier, T. L, Pratolongo, F. T, Pühlhofer, G. E, Pulvirenti, S. O, Quinn, L. B, Racca, C. An, Raffaelli, F. V, Randazzo, N. S, Real, D. K, Resvanis, L. Ad, Reubelt, J. G, Riccobene, G. O, Rossi, C. T, Rovelli, A. O, Saldaña, M. Am, Salvadori, I. B, Samtleben, D. F. E. Fz, Sánchez García, A. K, Sánchez Losa, A. Q, Sanguineti, M. T, Santangelo, A. E, Santonocito, D. O, Sapienza, P. O, Schimmel, F. F, Schmelling, J. F, Schnabel, J. G, Sciacca, V. O, Sedita, M. O, Seitz, T. G, Sgura, I. Q, Simeone, F. W, Sipala, V. S, Spisso, B. Uat, Spurio, M. Rah, Stavropoulos, G. Ab, Steijger, J. F, Stellacci, S. M. At, Stransky, D. G, Taiuti, M. Ta, Tayalati, Y. Aoap, Terrasi, F. Uae, Tézier, D. B, Theraube, S. B, Timmer, P. F, Tönnis, C. K, Trasatti, L. P, Travaglini, R. R, Trovato, A. O, Tsirigotis, A. J, Tzamarias, S. D, Tzamariudaki, E. Ab, Vallage, B. C, Van Elewyck, V. C, Vermeulen, J. F, Versari, F. Rah, Vicini, P. W, Viola, S. O, Vivolo, D. Uai, Volkert, M. G, Wiggers, L. F, Wilms, J. H, De Wolf, E. Faq, Zachariadou, K. Af, Zani, S. Nr, Zornoza, J. D. K, Zúñiga, J. K., Adrián-Martínez, S., Ageron, M., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E.G., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Avgitas, T., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Baret, B., Barrios-Martí, J., Belias, A., Berbee, E., Van Den Berg, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., Van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Billault, M., Bondì, M., Bormuth, R., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bourret, S., Boutonnet, C., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Cecchini, S., Celli, S., Champion, C., Cherubini, S., Chiarella, V., Chiarelli, L., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cobas, D., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J.A.B., Coleiro, A., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cordelli, M., Cosquer, A., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D'Amato, C., D'Amico, A., D'Onofrio, A., De Bonis, G., De Sio, C., Di Capua, F., Di Palma, I., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Durocher, M., Eberl, T., Eichie, S., Van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Favaro, M., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Frascadore, G., Furini, M., Fusco, L.A., Gal, T., Galatà, S., Garufi, F., Gay, P., Gebyehu, M., Giacomini, F., Gialanella, L., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Grégoire, T., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Guerzoni, M., Habel, R., Hallmann, S., Van Haren, H., Harissopulos, S., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernández-Rey, J.J., Hevinga, M., Hofestädt, J., Hugon, C.M.F., Illuminati, G., James, C.W., Jansweijer, P., Jongen, M., De Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Katz, U.F., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Kießling, D., Koffeman, E.N., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Leisos, A., Leonora, E., Clark, M. Lindsey, Liolios, A., Alvarez, C.D. Lloren, Lo Presti, D., Löhner, H., Lonardo, A., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manzali, M., Margiotta, A., Margotti, A., Marinelli, A., Mariš, O., Markou, C., Martínez-Mora, J.A., Martini, A., Marzaioli, F., Mele, R., Melis, K.W., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C.M., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Moussa, A., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nicolau, C.A., Olcina, I., Olivetto, C., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Pancaldi, G., Paolucci, A., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Pǎvǎlaš, G.E., Peek, H., Pellegrini, G., Pellegrino, C., Perrina, C., Pfutzner, M., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Poma, G.E., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Pratolongo, F., Pühlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rossi, C., Rovelli, A., Saldaña, M., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D.F.E., Sánchez García, A., Sánchez Losa, A., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schimmel, F., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sciacca, V., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Sipala, V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S.M., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Terrasi, F., Tézier, D., Theraube, S., Timmer, P., Tönnis, C., Trasatti, L., Travaglini, R., Trovato, A., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Versari, F., Vicini, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Volkert, M., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., De Wolf, E., Zachariadou, K., Zani, S., Zornoza, J.D., Zúñiga, J., Adrian-Martinez, S, Ageron, M, Aiello, S, Albert, A, Ameli, F, Anassontzis, Eg, Andre, M, Androulakis, G, Anghinolfi, M, Anton, G, Ardid, M, Avgitas, T, Barbarino, G, Barbarito, E, Baret, B, Barrios-Marti, J, Belias, A, Berbee, E, van den Berg, A, Bertin, V, Beurthey, S, van Beveren, V, Beverini, N, Biagi, S, Biagioni, A, Billault, M, Bondi, M, Bormuth, R, Bouhadef, B, Bourlis, G, Bourret, S, Boutonnet, C, Bouwhuis, M, Bozza, C, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Buis, E, Buompane, R, Busto, J, Cacopardo, G, Caillat, L, Calamai, M, Calvo, D, Capone, A, Caramete, L, Cecchini, S, Celli, S, Champion, C, Cherubini, S, Chiarella, V, Chiarelli, L, Chiarusi, T, Circella, M, Classen, L, Cobas, D, Cocimano, R, Coelho, Jab, Coleiro, A, Colonges, S, Coniglione, R, Cordelli, M, Cosquer, A, Coyle, P, Creusot, A, Cuttone, G, D'Amato, C, D'Amico, A, D'Onofrio, A, De Bonis, G, De Sio, C, Di Capua, F, Di Palma, I, Distefano, C, Donzaud, C, Dornic, D, Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q, Drakopoulou, E, Drouhin, D, Durocher, M, Eberl, T, Eichie, S, van Eijk, D, El Bojaddaini, I, Elsaesser, D, Enzenhofer, A, Favaro, M, Fermani, P, Ferrara, G, Frascadore, G, Furini, M, Fusco, La, Gal, T, Galata, S, Garufi, F, Gay, P, Gebyehu, M, Giacomini, F, Gialanella, L, Giordano, V, Gizani, N, Gracia, R, Graf, K, Gregoire, T, Grella, G, Grmek, A, Guerzoni, M, Habel, R, Hallmann, S, van Haren, H, Harissopulos, S, Heid, T, Heijboer, A, Heine, E, Henry, S, Hernandez-Rey, Jj, Hevinga, M, Hofestadt, J, Hugon, Cmf, Illuminati, G, James, Cw, Jansweijer, P, Jongen, M, de Jong, M, Kadler, M, Kalekin, O, Kappes, A, Katz, Uf, Keller, P, Kieft, G, Kiessling, D, Koffeman, En, Kooijman, P, Kouchner, A, Kreter, M, Kulikovskiy, V, Lahmann, R, Lamare, P, Leisos, A, Leonora, Je, Clark, Ml, Liolios, A, Alvarez, Cdl, Lo Presti, D, Lohner, H, Lonardo, A, Lotze, M, Loucatos, S, Maccioni, E, Mannheim, K, Manzali, M, Margiotta, A, Margotti, A, Marinelli, A, Maris, O, Markou, C, Martinez-Mora, Ja, Martini, A, Marzaioli, F, Mele, R, Melis, Kw, Michael, T, Migliozzi, P, Migneco, E, Mijakowski, P, Miraglia, A, Mollo, Cm, Mongelli, M, Morganti, M, Moussa, A, Musico, P, Musumeci, M, Nicolau, Ca, Olcina, I, Olivetto, C, Orlando, A, Orzelli, A, Pancaldi, G, Paolucci, A, Papaikonomou, A, Papaleo, R, Pavalas, Ge, Peek, H, Pellegrini, G, Pellegrino, C, Perrina, C, Pfutzner, M, Piattelli, P, Pikounis, K, Poma, Ge, Popa, V, Pradier, T, Pratolongo, F, Puhlhofer, G, Pulvirenti, S, Quinn, L, Racca, C, Raffaelli, F, Randazzo, N, Real, D, Resvanis, L, Reubelt, J, Riccobene, G, Rossi, C, Rovelli, A, Saldana, M, Salvadori, I, Samtleben, Dfe, Garcia, A, Losa, A, Sanguineti, M, Santangelo, A, Santonocito, D, Sapienza, P, Schimmel, F, Schmelling, J, Schnabel, J, Sciacca, V, Sedita, M, Seitz, T, Sgura, I, Simeone, F, Sipala, V, Spisso, B, Spurio, M, Stavropoulos, G, Steijger, J, Stellacci, Sm, Stransky, D, Taiuti, M, Tayalati, Y, Terrasi, F, Tezier, D, Theraube, S, Timmer, P, Tonnis, C, Trasatti, L, Travaglini, R, Trovato, A, Tsirigotis, A, Tzamarias, S, Tzamariudaki, E, Vallage, B, Van Elewyck, V, Vermeulen, J, Versari, F, Vicini, P, Viola, S, Vivolo, D, Volkert, M, Wiggers, L, Wilms, J, de Wolf, E, Zachariadou, K, Zani, S, Zornoza, Jd, Zuniga, J, Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LAB - Laboratori d'Aplicacions Bioacústiques, Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Adrián Martínez, S., Anassontzis, E. G., Barrios Martí, J., Coelho, J. A. B., D'Onofrio, Antonio, Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q., Fusco, L. A., Gialanella, Lucio, Hernández Rey, J. J., Hugon, C. M. F., James, C. W., Katz, U. F., Koffeman, E. N., Alvarez, C. D. Lloren, Martínez Mora, J. A., Marzaioli, Fabio, Melis, K. W., Mollo, C. M., Nicolau, C. A., Pǎvǎlaš, G. E., Poma, G. E., Samtleben, D. F. E., Stellacci, S. M., Terrasi, Filippo, and Zornoza, J. D.

Subjects
PROTOTYPE, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, photomultiplier, coating, KM3NeT, neutrino telescope, Instrument optimization, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Neutrino detectors, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (gas) (gas-photocathodes, solid-photocathodes), Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, 01 natural sciences, Neutrino detector, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Photon detectors for UV, Physics, OPT - Optics, TS - Technical Sciences, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Instrument optimisation, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High voltage, Optoelectronics, Nano Technology, Neutrino, Photomultiplier, visible and IR photons (gas) (gas-photocathodes, Context (language use), Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (gas) (gas-photocathodes, solid-photocathode, Partícules (Física nuclear), Photocathode, NO, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrins, 14. Life underwater, Electronics, Neutrinos, Detectors òptics, Optical detectors, Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Neutrino astrophysics, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], FISICA APLICADA, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physic, Visible and IR photons (gas) (gas-photocathodes, solid-photocathodes), solid-photocathodes), business
Abstract

[EN] The KM3NeT research infrastructure, currently under construction in the Mediterranean Sea, will host neutrino telescopes for the identification of neutrino sources in the Universe and for studies of the neutrino mass hierarchy. These telescopes will house hundreds of thousands of photomultiplier tubes that will have to be operated in a stable and reliable fashion. In this context, the stability of the dark counts has been investigated for photomultiplier tubes with negative high voltage on the photocathode and held in insulating support structures made of 3D printed nylon material. Small gaps between the rigid support structure and the photomultiplier tubes in the presence of electric fields can lead to discharges that produce dark count rates that are highly variable. A solution was found by applying the same insulating varnish as used for the high voltage bases directly to the outside of the photomultiplier tubes. This transparent conformal coating provides a convenient and inexpensive method of insulation., The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), IdEx program and UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cite (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02), France; The General Secretariat of Research and Technology (GSRT), Greece; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Agence de l'Oriental and CNRST, Morocco; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Nederlandse organisatie voorWetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Plan Estatal de Investigacion (refs. FPA2015-65150-C3-1-P, -2-P and -3-P, (MINECO/FEDER)), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MINECO), and Prometeo and Grisolia programs (Generalitat Valenciana), Spain.

Published
2016

20. Letter of intent for KM3NeT 2.0

Author

S Adrián-Martínez, M Ageron, F Aharonian, S Aiello, A Albert, F Ameli, E Anassontzis, M Andre, G Androulakis, M Anghinolfi, G Anton, M Ardid, T Avgitas, G Barbarino, E Barbarito, B Baret, J Barrios-Martí, B Belhorma, A Belias, E Berbee, A van den Berg, V Bertin, S Beurthey, V van Beveren, N Beverini, S Biagi, A Biagioni, M Billault, M Bondì, R Bormuth, B Bouhadef, G Bourlis, S Bourret, C Boutonnet, M Bouwhuis, C Bozza, R Bruijn, J Brunner, E Buis, J Busto, G Cacopardo, L Caillat, M Calamai, D Calvo, A Capone, L Caramete, S Cecchini, S Celli, C Champion, R Cherkaoui El Moursli, S Cherubini, T Chiarusi, M Circella, L Classen, R Cocimano, J A B Coelho, A Coleiro, S Colonges, R Coniglione, M Cordelli, A Cosquer, P Coyle, A Creusot, G Cuttone, A D’Amico, G De Bonis, G De Rosa, C De Sio, F Di Capua, I Di Palma, A F Díaz García, C Distefano, C Donzaud, D Dornic, Q Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, E Drakopoulou, D Drouhin, L Drury, M Durocher, T Eberl, S Eichie, D van Eijk, I El Bojaddaini, N El Khayati, D Elsaesser, A Enzenhöfer, F Fassi, P Favali, P Fermani, G Ferrara, C Filippidis, G Frascadore, L A Fusco, T Gal, S Galatà, F Garufi, P Gay, M Gebyehu, V Giordano, N Gizani, R Gracia, K Graf, T Grégoire, G Grella, R Habel, S Hallmann, H van Haren, S Harissopulos, T Heid, A Heijboer, E Heine, S Henry, J J Hernández-Rey, M Hevinga, J Hofestädt, C M F Hugon, G Illuminati, C W James, P Jansweijer, M Jongen, M de Jong, M Kadler, O Kalekin, A Kappes, U F Katz, P Keller, G Kieft, D Kießling, E N Koffeman, P Kooijman, A Kouchner, V Kulikovskiy, R Lahmann, P Lamare, A Leisos, E Leonora, M Lindsey Clark, A Liolios, C D Llorens Alvarez, D Lo Presti, H Löhner, A Lonardo, M Lotze, S Loucatos, E Maccioni, K Mannheim, A Margiotta, A Marinelli, O Mariş, C Markou, J A Martínez-Mora, A Martini, R Mele, K W Melis, T Michael, P Migliozzi, E Migneco, P Mijakowski, A Miraglia, C M Mollo, M Mongelli, M Morganti, A Moussa, P Musico, M Musumeci, S Navas, C A Nicolau, I Olcina, C Olivetto, A Orlando, A Papaikonomou, R Papaleo, G E Păvălaş, H Peek, C Pellegrino, C Perrina, M Pfutzner, P Piattelli, K Pikounis, G E Poma, V Popa, T Pradier, F Pratolongo, G Pühlhofer, S Pulvirenti, L Quinn, C Racca, F Raffaelli, N Randazzo, P Rapidis, P Razis, D Real, L Resvanis, J Reubelt, G Riccobene, C Rossi, A Rovelli, M Saldaña, I Salvadori, D F E Samtleben, A Sánchez García, A Sánchez Losa, M Sanguineti, A Santangelo, D Santonocito, P Sapienza, F Schimmel, J Schmelling, V Sciacca, M Sedita, T Seitz, I Sgura, F Simeone, I Siotis, V Sipala, B Spisso, M Spurio, G Stavropoulos, J Steijger, S M Stellacci, D Stransky, M Taiuti, Y Tayalati, D Tézier, S Theraube, L Thompson, P Timmer, C Tönnis, L Trasatti, A Trovato, A Tsirigotis, S Tzamarias, E Tzamariudaki, B Vallage, V Van Elewyck, J Vermeulen, P Vicini, S Viola, D Vivolo, M Volkert, G Voulgaris, L Wiggers, J Wilms, E de Wolf, K Zachariadou, J D Zornoza, J Zúñiga, Adrian-Martinez, S., Ageron, M., Aharonian, F., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E., Andre, M., Androulakis, G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Avgitas, T., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Baret, B., Barrios-Marti, J., Belhorma, B., Belias, A., Berbee, E., Van Den Berg, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., Van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Billault, M., Bondi, M., Bormuth, R., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bourret, S., Boutonnet, C., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Buis, E., Busto, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Cecchini, S., Celli, S., Champion, C., El Moursli, R. C., Cherubini, S., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cordelli, M., Cosquer, A., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D'Amico, A., De Bonis, G., De Rosa, G., De Sio, C., Di Capua, F., Di Palma, I., Diaz Garcia, A. F., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Drury, L., Durocher, M., Eberl, T., Eichie, S., Van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., El Khayati, N., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhofer, A., Fassi, F., Favali, P., Fermani, P., Ferrara, G., Filippidis, C., Frascadore, G., Fusco, L. A., Gal, T., Galata, S., Garufi, F., Gay, P., Gebyehu, M., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Gregoire, T., Grella, G., Habel, R., Hallmann, S., Van Haren, H., Harissopulos, S., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Hevinga, M., Hofestadt, J., Hugon, C. M. F., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jansweijer, P., Jongen, M., De Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Katz, U. F., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Kiessling, D., Koffeman, E. N., Kooijman, P., Kouchner, A., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Leisos, A., Leonora, E., Clark, M. L., Liolios, A., Alvarez, C. D. L., Lo Presti, D., Lohner, H., Lonardo, A., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Maris, O., Markou, C., Martinez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Mele, R., Melis, K. W., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mijakowski, P., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C. M., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Moussa, A., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Navas, S., Nicolau, C. A., Olcina, I., Olivetto, C., Orlando, A., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Pavalas, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrino, C., Perrina, C., Pfutzner, M., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Poma, G. E., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Pratolongo, F., Puhlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rapidis, P., Razis, P., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rossi, C., Rovelli, A., Saldana, M., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D. F. E., Garcia, A. S., Losa, A. S., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schimmel, F., Schmelling, J., Sciacca, V., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Siotis, I., Sipala, V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stellacci, S. M., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Tezier, D., Theraube, S., Thompson, L., Timmer, P., Tonnis, C., Trasatti, L., Trovato, A., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Vicini, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Volkert, M., Voulgaris, G., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., De Wolf, E., Zachariadou, K., Zornoza, J. D., Zuniga, J., Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Research unit Nuclear & Hadron Physics, Adrián-Martínez, S., Barrios-Martí, J., Bondì, M., El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui, Coelho, J.A.B., Díaz García, A.F., Enzenhöfer, A., Fusco, L.A., Galatà, S., Grégoire, T., Hernández-Rey, J.J., Hofestädt, J., Hugon, C.M.F., James, C.W., Katz, U.F., Kießling, D., Koffeman, E.N., Clark, M. Lindsey, Alvarez, C.D. Lloren, Löhner, H., Mariş, O., Martínez-Mora, J.A., Melis, K.W., Mollo, C.M., Nicolau, C.A., Pǎvǎlaş, G.E., Poma, G.E., Pühlhofer, G., Saldaña, M., Samtleben, D.F.E., García, A. Sánchez, Losa, A. Sánchez, Stellacci, S.M., Tézier, D., Tönnis, C., Zornoza, J.D., Zúñiga, J., Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Km3NeT Collaboration, Adrián Martínez, S., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Barrios Martí, J., DE ROSA, Gianfranca, DI CAPUA, Francesco, Díaz García, A. F., Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q., Garufi, Fabio, Hernández Rey, J. J., Alvarez, C. D. Lloren, Martínez Mora, J. A., Mele, Rosa, Pǎvǎlaş, G. E., Vivolo, Daniele, Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LAB - Laboratori d'Aplicacions Bioacústiques, Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), IoP (FNWI), Adrian-Martinez, S, Ageron, M, Aharonian, F, Aiello, S, Albert, A, Ameli, F, Anassontzis, E, Andre, M, Androulakis, G, Anghinolfi, M, Anton, G, Ardid, M, Avgitas, T, Barbarino, G, Barbarito, E, Baret, B, Barrios-Marti, J, Belhorma, B, Belias, A, Berbee, E, van den Berg, A, Bertin, V, Beurthey, S, van Beveren, V, Beverini, N, Biagi, S, Biagioni, A, Billault, M, Bondi, M, Bormuth, R, Bouhadef, B, Bourlis, G, Bourret, S, Boutonnet, C, Bouwhuis, M, Bozza, C, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Buis, E, Busto, J, Cacopardo, G, Caillat, L, Calamai, M, Calvo, D, Capone, A, Caramete, L, Cecchini, S, Celli, S, Champion, C, El Moursli, Rc, Cherubini, S, Chiarusi, T, Circella, M, Classen, L, Cocimano, R, Coelho, Jab, Coleiro, A, Colonges, S, Coniglione, R, Cordelli, M, Cosquer, A, Coyle, P, Creusot, A, Cuttone, G, D'Amico, A, De Bonis, G, De Rosa, G, De Sio, C, Di Capua, F, Di Palma, I, Garcia, Afd, Distefano, C, Donzaud, C, Dornic, D, Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q, Drakopoulou, E, Drouhin, D, Drury, L, Durocher, M, Eberl, T, Eichie, S, van Eijk, D, El Bojaddaini, I, El Khayati, N, Elsaesser, D, Enzenhofer, A, Fassi, F, Favali, P, Fermani, P, Ferrara, G, Filippidis, C, Frascadore, G, Fusco, La, Gal, T, Galata, S, Garufi, F, Gay, P, Gebyehu, M, Giordano, V, Gizani, N, Gracia, R, Graf, K, Gregoire, T, Grella, G, Habel, R, Hallmann, S, van Haren, H, Harissopulos, S, Heid, T, Heijboer, A, Heine, E, Henry, S, Hernandez-Rey, Jj, Hevinga, M, Hofestadt, J, Hugon, Cmf, Illuminati, G, James, Cw, Jansweijer, P, Jongen, M, de Jong, M, Kadler, M, Kalekin, O, Kappes, A, Katz, Uf, Keller, P, Kieft, G, Kiessling, D, Koffeman, En, Kooijman, P, Kouchner, A, Kulikovskiy, V, Lahmann, R, Lamare, P, Leisos, A, Leonora, E, Clark, Ml, Liolios, A, Alvarez, Cdl, Lo Presti, D, Lohner, H, Lonardo, A, Lotze, M, Loucatos, S, Maccioni, E, Mannheim, K, Margiotta, A, Marinelli, A, Maris, O, Markou, C, Martinez-Mora, Ja, Martini, A, Mele, R, Melis, Kw, Michael, T, Migliozzi, P, Migneco, E, Mijakowski, P, Miraglia, A, Mollo, Cm, Mongelli, M, Morganti, M, Moussa, A, Musico, P, Musumeci, M, Navas, S, Nicolau, Ca, Olcina, I, Olivetto, C, Orlando, A, Papaikonomou, A, Papaleo, R, Pavalas, Ge, Peek, H, Pellegrino, C, Perrina, C, Pfutzner, M, Piattelli, P, Pikounis, K, Poma, Ge, Popa, V, Pradier, T, Pratolongo, F, Puhlhofer, G, Pulvirenti, S, Quinn, L, Racca, C, Raffaelli, F, Randazzo, N, Rapidis, P, Razis, P, Real, D, Resvanis, L, Reubelt, J, Riccobene, G, Rossi, C, Rovelli, A, Saldana, M, Salvadori, I, Samtleben, Dfe, Garcia, A, Losa, A, Sanguineti, M, Santangelo, A, Santonocito, D, Sapienza, P, Schimmel, F, Schmelling, J, Sciacca, V, Sedita, M, Seitz, T, Sgura, I, Simeone, F, Siotis, I, Sipala, V, Spisso, B, Spurio, M, Stavropoulos, G, Steijger, J, Stellacci, Sm, Stransky, D, Taiuti, M, Tayalati, Y, Tezier, D, Theraube, S, Thompson, L, Timmer, P, Tonnis, C, Trasatti, L, Trovato, A, Tsirigotis, A, Tzamarias, S, Tzamariudaki, E, Vallage, B, Van Elewyck, V, Vermeulen, J, Vicini, P, Viola, S, Vivolo, D, Volkert, M, Voulgaris, G, Wiggers, L, Wilms, J, de Wolf, E, Zachariadou, K, Zornoza, Jd, and Zuniga, J

Subjects
HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Computer science, Deep sea neutrino telescope, Física::Física de partícules [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Field of view, Electron, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, String (physics), KM3NeT, ARCA, ORCA, neutrino astronomy, neutrino astrophysics, neutrino mass hierarchy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Relativistic particle, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], neutrino physics, deep sea neutrino telescope, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), GAMMA-RAY BURSTS, OPT - Optics, TS - Technical Sciences, Industrial Innovation, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 16. Peace & justice, COSMIC-RAYS, Neutrino mass hierarchy, Neutrino physics, Neutrino astronomy, Nano Technology, Neutrino, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, SUPER-KAMIOKANDE, MONTE-CARLO GENERATOR, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hochenergie-Astrophysik Theorie - Abteilung Hofmann, FOS: Physical sciences, PARAMETRIC-RESONANCE, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, Neutrins, 14. Life underwater, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Cherenkov radiation, Block (data storage), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, SIGNAL (programming language), neutrino physic, Astronomy, Galactic plane, Neutrino astrophysics, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], FISICA APLICADA, ddc:520, ICECUBE DATA, ATMOSPHERIC NEUTRINOS, GALACTIC-CENTER
Abstract

The authors would like to thank D Allard, A Esmaili, G Fogli, O Mena, K Murase, S Palomares Ruiz, E Parizot, S T Petcov, S Razzaque, D Semikoz, A Yu Smirnov, F L Villante, F Vissani and R Zukanovich Funchal for their support and valuable discussions and suggestions in preparing this Letter of Intent., The main objectives of the KM3NeT Collaboration are (i) the discovery and subsequent observation of high-energy neutrino sources in the Universe and (ii) the determination of the mass hierarchy of neutrinos. These objectives are strongly motivated by two recent important discoveries, namely: (1) the highenergy astrophysical neutrino signal reported by IceCube and (2) the sizable contribution of electron neutrinos to the third neutrino mass eigenstate as reported by Daya Bay, Reno and others. To meet these objectives, the KM3NeT Collaboration plans to build a new Research Infrastructure consisting of a network of deep-sea neutrino telescopes in the Mediterranean Sea. A phased and distributed implementation is pursued which maximises the access to regional funds, the availability of human resources and the synergistic opportunities for the Earth and sea sciences community. Three suitable deep-sea sites are selected, namely off-shore Toulon (France), Capo Passero (Sicily, Italy) and Pylos (Peloponnese, Greece). The infrastructure will consist of three so-called building blocks. A building block comprises 115 strings, each string comprises 18 optical modules and each optical module comprises 31 photo-multiplier tubes. Each building block thus constitutes a threedimensional array of photo sensors that can be used to detect the Cherenkov light produced by relativistic particles emerging from neutrino interactions. Two building blocks will be sparsely configured to fully explore the IceCube signal with similar instrumented volume, different methodology, improved resolution and complementary field of view, including the galactic plane. One building block will be densely configured to precisely measure atmospheric neutrino oscillations., The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commission Européenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), IdEx program and UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cité (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02), France; The General Secretariat of Research and Technology (GSRT), Greece; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell’Universitàe della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Agence de l’Oriental and CNRST, Morocco; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Nederlandseorganisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), The Netherlands; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Plan Estatal de Investigación (refs. FPA2015-65150-C3-1-P, -2-P and -3-P, (MINECO/FEDER)), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MINECO), and Prometeo and Grisolía programs (Generalitat Valenciana), Spain. The KM3NeT collaboration has received funding from the European Community Sixth Framework Programme under Contract 011937 and the Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement 212525.

Published
2016

21. Energy reconstruction of high energy muon and neutrino events in KM3NeT

Author

Konstantinos Pikounis, E. Drakopoulou, Ekaterini Tzamariudaki, and C. Markou

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, QC1-999, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, KM3NeT, Neutrino detector, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation
Abstract

KM3NeT will be a European deep-sea infrastructure of neutrino telescopes covering a volume of several cubic kilometers in the Mediterranean Sea aiming to search for high energy neutrinos from galactic and extragalactic sources. This analysis focuses on muons coming from neutrino charged-current interactions. In large water Cherenkov detectors the reconstructed muon is used to approximate the neutrino direction and energy, thus providing information on the astrophysical neutrino source. Muon energy estimation is also critical for the differentiation of neutrinos originating from astrophysical sources from neutrinos generated in the atmosphere which constitute the detector background. We describe a method to determine the muon and neutrino energy employing a Neural Network. An energy resolution of approximately 0.27 has been achieved for muons at the TeV range.

Published
2016

22. The prototype detection unit of the KM3NeT detector: KM3NeT Collaboration

Author

S. Adrián-Martínez, M. Ageron, F. Aharonian, S. Aiello, A. Albert, F. Ameli, E. G. Anassontzis, G. C. Androulakis, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, S. Anvar, M. Ardid, T. Avgitas, K. Balasi, H. Band, G. Barbarino, E. Barbarito, F. Barbato, B. Baret, S. Baron, J. Barrios, A. Belias, E. Berbee, A. M. van den Berg, A. Berkien, V. Bertin, S. Beurthey, V. van Beveren, N. Beverini, S. Biagi, A. Biagioni, S. Bianucci, M. Billault, A. Birbas, H. Boer Rookhuizen, R. Bormuth, V. Bouché, B. Bouhadef, G. Bourlis, C. Boutonnet, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, G. Cacopardo, L. Caillat, M. Calamai, D. Calvo, A. Capone, L. Caramete, F. Caruso, S. Cecchini, A. Ceres, R. Cereseto, C. Champion, F. Château, T. Chiarusi, B. Christopoulou, M. Circella, L. Classen, R. Cocimano, A. Coleiro, S. Colonges, R. Coniglione, A. Cosquer, M. Costa, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, C. D’Amato, A. D’Amico, G. De Bonis, G. De Rosa, N. Deniskina, J.-J. Destelle, C. Distefano, F. Di Capua, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, Q. Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, L. Drury, D. Durand, T. Eberl, D. Elsaesser, A. Enzenhöfer, P. Fermani, L. A. Fusco, D. Gajanana, T. Gal, S. Galatà, F. Garufi, M. Gebyehu, V. Giordano, N. Gizani, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, R. Grasso, G. Grella, A. Grmek, R. Habel, H. van Haren, T. Heid, A. Heijboer, E. Heine, S. Henry, J. J. Hernández-Rey, B. Herold, M. A. Hevinga, M. van der Hoek, J. Hofestädt, J. Hogenbirk, C. Hugon, J. Hößl, M. Imbesi, C. W. James, P. Jansweijer, J. Jochum, M. de Jong, M. Jongen, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, A. Kappes, E. Kappos, U. Katz, O. Kavatsyuk, P. Keller, G. Kieft, E. Koffeman, H. Kok, P. Kooijman, J. Koopstra, A. Korporaal, A. Kouchner, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, P. Lamare, G. Larosa, D. Lattuada, H. Le Provost, K. P. Leismüller, A. Leisos, D. Lenis, E. Leonora, M. Lindsey Clark, C. D. Llorens Alvarez, H. Löhner, A. Lonardo, S. Loucatos, F. Louis, E. Maccioni, K. Mannheim, K. Manolopoulos, A. Margiotta, O. Mariş, C. Markou, J. A. Martínez-Mora, A. Martini, R. Masullo, K. W. Melis, T. Michael, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, A. Miraglia, C. M. Mollo, M. Mongelli, M. Morganti, S. Mos, Y. Moudden, P. Musico, M. Musumeci, C. Nicolaou, C. A. Nicolau, A. Orlando, A. Orzelli, A. Papaikonomou, R. Papaleo, G. E. Păvălaş, H. Peek, C. Pellegrino, M. G. Pellegriti, C. Perrina, P. Piattelli, K. Pikounis, V. Popa, Th. Pradier, M. Priede, G. Pühlhofer, S. Pulvirenti, C. Racca, F. Raffaelli, N. Randazzo, P. A. Rapidis, P. Razis, D. Real, L. Resvanis, J. Reubelt, G. Riccobene, A. Rovelli, M. Saldaña, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, A. Santangelo, P. Sapienza, J. Schmelling, J. Schnabel, V. Sciacca, M. Sedita, T. Seitz, I. Sgura, F. Simeone, V. Sipala, A. Spitaleri, M. Spurio, G. Stavropoulos, J. Steijger, T. Stolarczyk, D. Stransky, M. Taiuti, G. Terreni, D. Tézier, S. Théraube, L. F. Thompson, P. Timmer, L. Trasatti, A. Trovato, M. Tselengidou, A. Tsirigotis, S. Tzamarias, E. Tzamariudaki, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, J. Vermeulen, P. Vernin, P. Vicini, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, P. Werneke, L. Wiggers, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, R. H. L. van Wooning, E. Zonca, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, A. Zwart, Adrian-Martinez, S., Ageron, M., Aharonian, F., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E. G., Androulakis, G. C., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Anvar, S., Ardid, M., Avgitas, T., Balasi, K., Band, H., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Barbato, F., Baret, B., Baron, S., Barrios, J., Belias, A., Berbee, E., van den Berg, A. M., Berkien, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., van Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Biagioni, A., Bianucci, S., Billault, M., Birbas, A., Boer Rookhuizen, H., Bormuth, R., Bouche, V., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Boutonnet, C., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Caruso, F., Cecchini, S., Ceres, A., Cereseto, R., Champion, C., Chateau, F., Chiarusi, T., Christopoulou, B., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cocimano, R., Coleiro, A., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cosquer, A., Costa, M., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., D'Amato, C., D'Amico, A., De Bonis, G., De Rosa, G., Deniskina, N., Destelle, J. -J., Distefano, C., Di Capua, F., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Drury, L., Durand, D., Eberl, T., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhofer, A., Fermani, P., Fusco, L. A., Gajanana, D., Gal, T., Galata, S., Garufi, F., Gebyehu, M., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Gracia Ruiz, R., Graf, K., Grasso, R., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Habel, R., van Haren, H., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Herold, B., Hevinga, M. A., van der Hoek, M., Hofestadt, J., Hogenbirk, J., Hugon, C., Hossl, J., Imbesi, M., James, C. W., Jansweijer, P., Jochum, J., de Jong, M., Jongen, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Kappos, E., Katz, U., Kavatsyuk, O., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Koffeman, E., Kok, H., Kooijman, P., Koopstra, J., Korporaal, A., Kouchner, A., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Larosa, G., Lattuada, D., Le Provost, H., Leismuller, K. P., Leisos, A., Lenis, D., Leonora, E., Lindsey Clark, M., Llorens Alvarez, C. D., Lohner, H., Lonardo, A., Loucatos, S., Louis, F., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manolopoulos, K., Margiotta, A., Maris, O., Markou, C., Martinez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Masullo, R., Melis, K. W., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C. M., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Mos, S., Moudden, Y., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nicolaou, C., Nicolau, C. A., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Pavalas, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrino, C., Pellegriti, M. G., Perrina, C., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Priede, M., Puhlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rapidis, P. A., Razis, P., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rovelli, A., Saldana, M., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Sapienza, P., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sciacca, V., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Sipala, V., Spitaleri, A., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stolarczyk, T., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Tezier, D., Theraube, S., Thompson, L. F., Timmer, P., Trasatti, L., Trovato, A., Tselengidou, M., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Van Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Vernin, P., Vicini, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Werneke, P., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., van Wooning, R. H. L., Zonca, E., Zornoza, J. D., Zuniga, J., Zwart, A., Adrián Martínez, S., Biagi, S, Bouché, V., Château, F., D’Amato, C., D’Amico, A., Destelle, J. J., Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q., Enzenhöfer, A., Fusco, LUIGI ANTONIO, Galatà, S., Hernández Rey, J. J., Hofestädt, J., Hößl, J., Leismüller, K. P., Löhner, H., Margiotta, Annarita, Mariş, O., Martínez Mora, J. A., Păvălaş, G. E., Pellegrino, Carmelo, Pradier, T. h., Pühlhofer, G., Saldaña, M., Spurio, Maurizio, Tézier, D., Théraube, S., and Zúñiga, J.

Subjects
Physics, Photomultiplier, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Monte Carlo method, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Optics, KM3NeT, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, 14. Life underwater, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, business, Engineering (miscellaneous), Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

A prototype detection unit of the KM3NeT deep-sea neutrino telescope has been installed at 3500m depth 80 km offshore the Italian coast. KM3NeT in its final configuration will contain several hundreds of detection units. Each detection unit is a mechanical structure anchored to the sea floor, held vertical by a submerged buoy and supporting optical modules for the detection of Cherenkov light emitted by charged secondary particles emerging from neutrino interactions. This prototype string implements three optical modules with 31 photomultiplier tubes each. These optical modules were developed by the KM3NeT Collaboration to enhance the detection capability of neutrino interactions. The prototype detection unit was operated since its deployment in May 2014 until its decommissioning in July 2015. Reconstruction of the particle trajectories from the data requires a nanosecond accuracy in the time calibration. A procedure for relative time calibration of the photomultiplier tubes contained in each optical module is described. This procedure is based on the measured coincidences produced in the sea by the $$^{40}$$40K background light and can easily be expanded to a detector with several thousands of optical modules. The time offsets between the different optical modules are obtained using LED nanobeacons mounted inside them. A set of data corresponding to 600 h of livetime was analysed. The results show good agreement with Monte Carlo simulations of the expected optical background and the signal from atmospheric muons. An almost background-free sample of muons was selected by filtering the time correlated signals on all the three optical modules. The zenith angle of the selected muons was reconstructed with a precision of about 3$$^circ $$∘.

Published
2016

23. Effects of olive oil wastes on river basins and an oligotrophic coastal marine ecosystem: A case study in Greece

Author

Pavlidou, A. Anastasopoulou, E. Dassenakis, M. Hatzianestis, I. Paraskevopoulou, V. Simboura, N. Rousselaki, E. Drakopoulou, P.

Abstract

This work aims to contribute to the knowledge of the impacts of olive oil waste discharge to freshwater and oligotrophic marine environments, since the ecological impact of olive oil wastes in riverine and coastal marine ecosystems, which are the final repositories of the pollutants, is a great environmental problem on a global scale, mostly concerning all the Mediterranean countries with olive oil production.Messinia, in southwestern Greece, is one of the greatest olive oil production areas in Europe. During the last decade around 1.4×106tons of olive oil mill wastewater has been disposed in the rivers of Messinia and finally entered the marine ecosystem of Messiniakos gulf. The pollution from olive oil mill wastewater in the main rivers of Messinia and the oligotrophic coastal zone of Messiniakos gulf and its effects on marine organisms were evaluated, before, during and after the olive oil production period. Elevated amounts of phenols (36.2-178mgL-1) and high concentrations of ammonium (7.29-18.9mmolL-1) and inorganic phosphorus (0.5-7.48mmolL-1) were measured in small streams where the liquid disposals from several olive oil industries were gathered before their discharge in the major rivers of Messinia. The large number of olive oil units has downgraded the riverine and marine ecosystems during the productive period and a period more than five months is needed for the recovery of the ecosystem. Statistical analysis showed that the enrichment of freshwater and the coastal zone of Messiniakos gulf in ammonia, nitrite, phenols, total organic carbon, copper, manganese and nickel was directly correlated with the wastes from olive oil. Toxicity tests using 24h LC50 Palaemonidae shrimp confirm that olive mill wastewater possesses very high toxicity in the aquatic environment. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.

Published
2014

24. Synthesis and immunological studies of α-conotoxin chimera containing an immunodominant epitope from the 268-284 region of HSV gD protein

Author

Claudio Vita, V. Paál, E. Drakopoulou, Gábor Mezö, Ferenc Hudecz, and Éva Rajnavölgyi

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Bicyclic molecule, Stereochemistry, medicine.drug_class, Peptide, Monoclonal antibody, Biochemistry, Epitope, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, chemistry, Tetramer, Polyclonal antibodies, biology.protein, medicine, Trifluoroacetic acid, Antibody
Abstract

We have synthesized and characterized new chimeric peptides by inserting an epitope of the glycoprotein D (gD) of herpes simplex virus (HSV) serotype 1 as 'guest' sequence in the 'host' structure of alpha-conotoxin GI, a 13-residue peptide (ECCNPACGRHYSC) isolated from the venom of Conus geographus. The 276-284 region of HSV gD-1 selected for these studies is highly hydrophilic and adopts a beta-turn. The alpha-conotoxin GI also contains a beta-turn in the 8-12 region, stabilized by two disulfide bridges at positions 2-7 and 3-13. Thus, the tetramer sequence of alpha-conotoxin, 8Arg-His-Tyr-Ser12 has been replaced by Asp-Pro-Val-Gly (DPVG), identified previously as the epitope core. The syntheses were performed by Fmoc strategy on Rink resin and DTNB or air oxidation were applied for the formation of the first 3-13 disulfide bond in the presence of guanidinium hydrochloride. For the formation of the second disulfide Cys2-Cys7 three different oxidation procedures [iodine in 95% acetic acid, air oxidation in dimethyl sulfoxide/1 M HCl or Tl(tfa)3 in trifluoroacetic acid (TFE)] were compared. The high-performance liquid chromatography purified peptides were characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry and amino acid analysis. The bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimeric peptide and native alpha-conotoxin GI showed similar circular dichroism spectra in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and in a PBS-TFE 1:1 (v/v) mixture, which might suggest that these compounds also share similar secondary structures. In immunologic studies the characteristics of the primary and of the memory immunoglobulin (Ig) M- and IgG-type antibody responses showed that the bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimera is capable to induce strong antibody responses in C57/Bl/6 mice but was poorly immunogenic in CBA and BALB/c mice. Data obtained with the C57/Bl/6 serum indicate that the polyclonal antibodies recognize the DPVG motif presented in the bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin and some reactivity was also found with the monocyclic but not with the linear form of the chimera. Results with two IgM type monoclonal antibodies from a bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin immunized C57/Bl/6 mouse also point to the specific interaction with the DPVG sequence. Taken together these studies suggest, that the relative intensity of DPVG-specific responses was found to be dependent on the mouse strain and on the conformation of the chimeric molecules. We found that the IgM monoclonal antibodies are able to recognize the linear DPVG sequence, while the majority of IgG antibodies is directed to the same motif in a conformation stabilized by double cyclization.

Published
2000

25. Towards more successful gene therapy clinical trials for β-thalassemia

Author

E, Drakopoulou, E, Papanikolaou, M, Georgomanoli, and N P, Anagnou

Subjects
Clinical Trials as Topic, Hemoglobins, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Transduction, Genetic, Virus Integration, Genetic Vectors, Lentivirus, beta-Thalassemia, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Animals, Humans, Genetic Therapy, Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Abstract

β-thalassemias constitute hereditary blood disorders characterized by reduced or absence of β-globin synthesis resulting in mild to severe anemia, depending on the genotype. More than 200 mutations in the β-globin gene are responsible for their specific features leading to a very heterogeneous phenotype. Current therapies for β-thalassemia include blood transfusions, usually along with iron chelation and in selected cases with bone marrow transplantation (BMT) of HLA-matched hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, these approaches are limited by factors, such as iron overload and donor availability, respectively. Since 2000, when globin lentiviral vectors (LVs) were first successfully tested for transfer efficiency of the therapeutic transgene, which led to disease amelioration in murine models, attention was drawn towards the improvement of such vectors for β-thalassemia gene therapy. Constantly improving vector design and efficient HSC manipulation led recently to the first successful clinical trial in France, which further proved that this genetic approach can be curative. Furthermore, improved new efficient vectors and methods to safely monitor integration sites and therapeutic transgene position effects, promise a new era for β-thalassemia gene therapy, with more and safer clinical trials yet to come.

Published
2013

26. GRBNeT – A prototype for an autonomous underwater neutrino detector

Author

E. G. Anassontzis, G. Androulakis, Ekaterini Tzamariudaki, E. Kappos, K. Balasi, A. Belias, C. Markou, P. Rapidis, P. Damianos, Konstantinos Pikounis, G. Voulgaris, C. Bagatelas, K. Manolopoulos, and E. Drakopoulou

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, QC1-999, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, Astronomy, Solar neutrino problem, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, KM3NeT, Neutrino detector, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

GRBNeT is a project aiming at the detection of ultra–high energy neutrinos, for example neutrinos originating from Gamma Ray Bursts. The goal is to design, construct and deploy a prototype unit of an autonomous (data/energy–wise) neutrino detector. Being autonomous is crucial since for the detection of ultra–high energy neutrinos a very large volume of water is required. Large scale facilities such as IceCube and KM3NeT are designed to be more sensitive to galactic and diffuse flux neutrinos rather than extragalactic ultra–high energy neutrinos. However, their sensitivity to such neutrinos could be increased by placing around and at larger distances detectors such as the one of the GRBNeT project. This extension would increase the instrumented volume of neutrino telescopes to several cubic kilometres. In addition to that, as no cable connection to the shore is required, GRBNeT detection units cost significantly less than regular detection units and can become a cost effective extension of large scale facilities. For the GRBNeT prototype unit ultra low power electronics have been developed. The response to high energy neutrinos from GRBs and to the atmospheric muon background has been simulated.

Published
2016

28. Rational engineering of a miniprotein inhibitor of HIV-1 infectivity

Author

Jean Vizzavona, L. Martin, Y.-S. Yang, A. Benjouad, S. Rochette, A. Menez, L. Ylisastigui, C. Roumestand, C. Vita, J.C. Gluckman, and E. Drakopoulou

Subjects
Infectivity, Chemistry, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), medicine, Rational engineering, medicine.disease_cause, Virology
Published
2006

29. Synthesis and antibody recognition of mucin 1 (MUC1)-alpha-conotoxin chimera

Author

E, Drakopoulou, K, Uray, G, Mezö, M R, Price, C, Vita, and F, Hudecz

Subjects
Epitopes, Antibody Specificity, Protein Conformation, Mucin-1, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Amino Acid Sequence, Conotoxins, Protein Engineering, Peptides, Cyclic, Recombinant Proteins
Abstract

We synthesized and characterized new chimera peptides by inserting an epitope of the mucin 1 glycoprotein (MUC1) as a 'guest' sequence in the 'host' structure of alpha-conotoxin GI, a 13-residue peptide (ECCNPACGRHYSC) isolated from the venom of Conus geographus. The Pro-Asp-Thr-Arg (PDTR) sequence of MUC1 selected for these studies is highly hydrophilic and adopts a beta-turn conformation. The alpha-conotoxin GI also contains a beta-turn in the 8-12 region, which is stabilized by two disulphide bridges in positions 2-7 and 3-13. Thus, the tetramer sequence of alpha-conotoxin, Arg9-His-Tyr-Ser12, has been replaced by PDTR, comprising the minimal epitope for MUC1 specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) HMFG1 (PDTR) and HMFG2 (DTR). Synthesis of the chimera peptide was carried out by Fmoc strategy on (4-(2',4'-dimethoxyphenyl-aminomethyl)phenoxy) (Rink) resin and either 5,5'-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) or air oxidation was applied for the formation of the first Cys3-Cys13 or Cys2-Cys7 disulphide bridge, respectively. For the second disulphide bridge, three different oxidation procedures (iodine in acetic acid, 10% DMSO/1 M HCl or tallium trifluoroacetate (Tl(tfa)3) in TFA) were utilized. The HPLC purified peptides were characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS) and amino acid analysis. The CD spectra of the bicyclic MUC1-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimera peptide showed partially ordered conformation with turn character. In antibody binding studies, the RIA data showed that both the linear and the bicyclic forms of MUC1-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimera were recognized by MAb HMFG1 specific for PDTR sequence, while no binding was observed between MAb HMFG2 and various forms of the chimera. MAb HMFG1, using synthetic epitope conjugates or native MUC1 as target antigens, recognizes the PDTR motif more efficiently in the linear than in the bicyclic compound, but no reactivity was found with the monocyclic forms of MUC1-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimera, underlining the importance of certain conformers stabilized by double cyclization.

Published
2000

30. Synthesis and immunological studies of alpha-conotoxin chimera containing an immunodominant epitope from the 268-284 region of HSV gD protein

Author

G, Mezo, E, Drakopoulou, V, Paál, E, Rajnavölgyi, C, Vita, and F, Hudecz

Subjects
Mice, Inbred BALB C, Immunodominant Epitopes, Protein Conformation, Circular Dichroism, Molecular Sequence Data, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Mass Spectrometry, Peptide Fragments, Recombinant Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Viral Envelope Proteins, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, Conotoxins
Abstract

We have synthesized and characterized new chimeric peptides by inserting an epitope of the glycoprotein D (gD) of herpes simplex virus (HSV) serotype 1 as 'guest' sequence in the 'host' structure of alpha-conotoxin GI, a 13-residue peptide (ECCNPACGRHYSC) isolated from the venom of Conus geographus. The 276-284 region of HSV gD-1 selected for these studies is highly hydrophilic and adopts a beta-turn. The alpha-conotoxin GI also contains a beta-turn in the 8-12 region, stabilized by two disulfide bridges at positions 2-7 and 3-13. Thus, the tetramer sequence of alpha-conotoxin, 8Arg-His-Tyr-Ser12 has been replaced by Asp-Pro-Val-Gly (DPVG), identified previously as the epitope core. The syntheses were performed by Fmoc strategy on Rink resin and DTNB or air oxidation were applied for the formation of the first 3-13 disulfide bond in the presence of guanidinium hydrochloride. For the formation of the second disulfide Cys2-Cys7 three different oxidation procedures [iodine in 95% acetic acid, air oxidation in dimethyl sulfoxide/1 M HCl or Tl(tfa)3 in trifluoroacetic acid (TFE)] were compared. The high-performance liquid chromatography purified peptides were characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry and amino acid analysis. The bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimeric peptide and native alpha-conotoxin GI showed similar circular dichroism spectra in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and in a PBS-TFE 1:1 (v/v) mixture, which might suggest that these compounds also share similar secondary structures. In immunologic studies the characteristics of the primary and of the memory immunoglobulin (Ig) M- and IgG-type antibody responses showed that the bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimera is capable to induce strong antibody responses in C57/Bl/6 mice but was poorly immunogenic in CBA and BALB/c mice. Data obtained with the C57/Bl/6 serum indicate that the polyclonal antibodies recognize the DPVG motif presented in the bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin and some reactivity was also found with the monocyclic but not with the linear form of the chimera. Results with two IgM type monoclonal antibodies from a bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin immunized C57/Bl/6 mouse also point to the specific interaction with the DPVG sequence. Taken together these studies suggest, that the relative intensity of DPVG-specific responses was found to be dependent on the mouse strain and on the conformation of the chimeric molecules. We found that the IgM monoclonal antibodies are able to recognize the linear DPVG sequence, while the majority of IgG antibodies is directed to the same motif in a conformation stabilized by double cyclization.

Published
2000

31. Synthetic full-length and truncated RANTES inhibit HIV-1 infection of primary macrophages

Author

L, Ylisastigui, J, Vizzavona, E, Drakopoulou, P, Paindavoine, C F, Calvo, M, Parmentier, J C, Gluckman, C, Vita, and A, Benjouad

Subjects
Receptors, CCR5, Anti-HIV Agents, Chemotaxis, Cricetinae, Macrophages, HIV-1, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Animals, Humans, CHO Cells, Chemokine CCL5, Cells, Cultured
Abstract

To determine the effect of beta-chemokines on HIV-1 infection of primary macrophages, and to search for chemokine derivatives devoid of biological effects but efficient at protecting CD4+ T lymphocytes and macrophages against HIV-1.Use of chemically synthesized molecules devoid of biological contaminants and monocyte-derived macrophages from healthy donors.Full-length RANTES was chemically synthesized together with three derivatives, truncated of seven, eight and nine amino acids at the amino-terminus ([8-68]RANTES, [9-68]RANTES and [10-68]RANTES), which were tested for their biological activity and antiviral effects.Whereas full-length and truncated RANTES derivatives bound to beta-chemokine receptor CCR-5 with the same affinity as recombinant RANTES, the truncated forms were not chemotactic and acted as CCR-5 antagonists in this respect, although a partial agonist effect was noted on cell metabolism. Full-length RANTES and [8-68]RANTES protected T lymphocytes and macrophages from infection by HIV-1, although 10-fold higher concentrations of the truncated analogues were necessary to achieve the same effect as full-length RANTES. With regard to the effect of RANTES on HIV-1 infection of primary macrophages, our results contrast with most previously reported data.These data indicate that through binding to CCR-5, truncated RANTES derivatives that are devoid of detectable biological effects may represent candidates as drugs to protect both lymphocytes and macrophages from HIV- 1.

Published
1998

32. Changing the structural context of a functional beta-hairpin. Synthesis and characterization of a chimera containing the curaremimetic loop of a snake toxin in the scorpion alpha/beta scaffold

Author

E, Drakopoulou, S, Zinn-Justin, M, Guenneugues, B, Gilqin, A, Ménez, and C, Vita

Subjects
Protein Folding, Charybdotoxin, Circular Dichroism, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Molecular Sequence Data, Potassium Channel Blockers, Animals, Receptors, Cholinergic, Amino Acid Sequence, Rabbits, Cobra Neurotoxin Proteins, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Protein Structure, Secondary
Abstract

An approach to obtain new active proteins is the incorporation of all or a part of a well defined active site onto a natural structure acting as a structural scaffold. According to this strategy we tentatively engineered a new curaremimetic molecule by transferring the functional central loop of a snake toxin, sequence 26-37, sandwiched between two hairpins, onto the structurally similar beta-hairpin of the scorpion toxin charybdotoxin, stabilized by a short helix. The resulting chimeric molecule, only 31 amino acids long, was produced by solid phase synthesis, refolded, and purified to homogeneity. As shown by structural analysis performed by CD and NMR spectroscopy, the chimera maintained the expected alpha/beta fold characteristic of scorpion toxins and presented a remarkable structural stability. The chimera competitively displaces the snake curaremimetic toxin alpha from the acetylcholine receptor at 10(-5) M concentrations. Antibodies, elicited in rabbits against the chimera, recognize the parent snake toxin and prevent its binding to the acetylcholine receptor, thus neutralizing its toxic function. All these data demonstrate that the strategy of active site transfer to the charybdotoxin scaffold has general applications in the engineering of novel ligands for membrane receptors and in vaccine design.

Published
1996

34. Physics Potentials with the Second Hyper-Kamiokande Detector in Korea

Author

Seong Chan Park, D.H. Moon, V. Paolone, W. Y. Ma, H. J. Kim, A. Mitra, M. Vagins, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, B. Quilain, A. Korzenev, Tracey Berry, A. Konaka, Hiromasa Tanaka, Carsten Rott, C. Mariani, T. Ovsiannikova, Kohta Murase, L. Berns, Y. Seiya, M. Posiadala-Zezula, A. Aimi, H.A. Tanaka, S. Molina Sedgwick, P. Ko, Jan T. Sobczyk, Monojit Ghosh, N. W. Prouse, Kimihiro Okumura, Y. Oh, H. K. Tanaka, A. Longhin, B. Richards, M. G. Catanesi, M. Buizza Avanzini, B. Jamieson, S. Nakayama, W. R. Kropp, Y. Suda, R. A. Wendell, Vincenzo Berardi, Etam Noah, J. Lagoda, B. G. Cheon, C. Kachulis, L. L. Kormos, Masaki Ishitsuka, A. Takenaka, J. F. Martin, M. Tzanov, C. J. Metelko, T. Yoshida, Hang Bae Kim, S. W. Kim, James R. Wilson, J. D. Perkin, Y. Fukuda, S. Parsa, S. Hirota, M. Mezzetto, M. M. Khabibullin, K. S. Ganezer, S. Short, P. Beltrame, Alexander Finch, K. Choi, A. Cole, M. Yu, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, S. Jeon, Alan Cosimo Ruggeri, T. Dealtry, T. Xin, C. Simpson, Myung-Ki Cheoun, Dongsu Ryu, T. Feusels, S.H. Seo, W. Kim, J. C. Park, J. G. Learned, Myeong-Gu Park, Yoshinari Hayato, Giovanni Fiorentini, E. Mazzucato, Makoto Sakuda, C. H. Lee, A. Minamino, M. McCarthy, Hiroyuki Sekiya, Patrick Dunne, D. Sgalaberna, T. Yano, M. Taani, R. Terri, K. Zaremba, R. Shah, Oleg Mineev, J. S. Jang, C. Yanagisawa, R. Akutsu, R. Tacik, D. Fukuda, J. Yoo, K. Frankiewicz, S.Y. Kim, D. R. Hadley, T. Ishida, Jocelyn Monroe, G. Vasseur, M. Thiesse, K. Iwamoto, O. Drapier, M. Bergevin, S. D. Rountree, Jung-Hyun Kim, Atsushi Takeda, C. Riccio, F. Retiere, M. Malek, Francesco Muto, G. De Rosa, R. A. Owen, M. Ziembicki, E. Rondio, N. McCauley, C. M. Nantais, V. Palladino, L. O'Sullivan, H. Seo, Kyujin Kwak, S. C. Kim, Intae Yu, Gareth J. Barker, S. B. Kim, J. H. Choi, J. L. Palomino, G. Fiorillo, D. C. Son, J. Zalipska, J. Insler, S. V. Cao, Masahiro Kuze, Kendall Mahn, F. Nova, J. Y. Kim, Y. Takeuchi, M. Ikeda, A. C. Kaboth, S. B. Boyd, S. C. Yoon, T. Towstego, Y. Ashida, C. S. Moon, L. Labarga, J. Kameda, A. Evangelisti, L. H. V. Anthony, S. W. K. Emery, Yutaka Nakajima, K. Y. Choi, V. Aushev, Mcd Sanchez, P. Przewlocki, P. Lasorak, S. Berkman, D. N. Yeum, M. Miura, T. Nicholls, Michael Thorpe, A. Shaikhiev, R. G. Calland, I. M. Anghel, G. A. Cowan, Philippe Mermod, Ara Ioannisian, Yoshihiro Suzuki, H. S. Park, B. A. Popov, E. J. Chun, Brandon L. Hartfiel, J. P. Coleman, C. Checchia, Weonjong Lee, Hyper-Kamiokande proto-collaboration, K. K. Joo, Akimichi Taketa, A. Esmaili, S. Zsoldos, E. Won, Yuichi Oyama, S. L. Cartwright, S. Matsuno, Lester D.R. Thompson, R. A. Intonti, A. Izmaylov, Hiroshi Nunokawa, T. Lou, M. Lawe, Z. Chen-Wishart, R. P. Litchfield, M. Gonin, Y. Kataoka, Shih-Chang Lee, Masayuki Nakahata, C. Pidcott, R. B. Vogelaar, Enrique Fernandez-Martinez, L. Maret, P. Gumplinger, Hiroaki Aihara, P. N. Ratoff, Toru Iijima, J. L. Stone, M. Quinto, S. Yen, Ke. Abe, Yusuke Koshio, Y. Uchida, K. Abe, Kunio Inoue, R. J. Wilkes, K. S. Jeong, T. Kutter, E. H. Kwon, K. Kowalik, Y. Okajima, Teppei Katori, A. Pritchard, Roberto Spina, Koji Nakamura, A. N. Khotjantsev, C. Vilela, C. S. Kim, Takaaki Kajita, V. Takhistov, W. Parker, D. Dewhurst, J. Imber, S. Moriyama, Y. Fujii, S. Bolognesi, F. Cafagna, M. Friend, Janusz Marzec, J. Dumarchez, Marco Laveder, M. B. Smy, L. Cremonesi, Masato Shiozawa, Martin Ward, K. Kayrapetyan, H. J. Rose, M. Antonova, Ll. Marti, Henry W. Sobel, M. Fitton, D. Bravo-Bergu no, S. Bhadra, Y. Nishimura, T. S. Yoon, T. Mochizuki, H. D. Yoo, I. T. Lim, S. H. Ahn, A. Suzuki, Masashi Yokoyama, R. Svoboda, Gus Sinnis, Erin O'Sullivan, J. Walker, A. Mefodiev, L. Ludovici, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, C. Touramanis, M. Jiang, A. K. Ichikawa, J. Walding, E. S. Pinzon Guerra, Th. A. Mueller, P. Mijakowski, Kalen Martens, M. Needham, N. Yershov, H. M. O'Keeffe, M. O. Wascko, D. Payne, Kevin Scott McFarland, E. Kearns, Takashi Kobayashi, E. Drakopoulou, M. Barbi, Osamu Yasuda, M. Hartz, I. Shimizu, Yu. Onishchuk, R. Sacco, A. C. Weber, Hirokazu Ishino, J.-S. Kim, C. McGrew, T. Lindner, C. Andreopoulos, Michal Dziewiecki, K. Cho, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, S. Playfer, G.D. Barr, Y. Obayashi, C. Densham, S. King, S. W. Snow, S. Tobayama, N. Grant, F. Di Lodovico, G. Collazuol, Mark Scott, F. Muheim, Yu. G. Kudenko, A. Rychter, S. Mine, Todd D. Stewart, L. Magaletti, C. Giganti, M. J. Wilking, J. A. Nowak, M. Zito, K. M. Tsui, Hisakazu Minakata, Sin Kyu Kang, K. Hayrapetyan, T. Tsukamoto, T. Sekiguchi, H. I. Jang, M. Koga, Shunsaku Horiuchi, P. F. Loverre, E. Scantamburlo, R.P. Kurjata, J. Migenda, Y. Sonoda, A. Bravar, T. J. Kim, Yoshitaka Itow, P. Jonsson, G. Pronost, E. Radicioni, Y. Shitov, Yudai Suwa, John Hill, D. L. Wark, M. Y. Pac, A. Blondel, Yuji Kishimoto, Y. D. Oh, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hyper-Kamiokande, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Korzenev, Alexander, Maret, Lucie, Mermod, Philippe, Noah Messomo, Etam Albert, Parsa, Saba, Scantamburlo, Enrico, Sgalaberna, Davide, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Abe, K., Abe, Ke, Ahn, S. H., Aihara, H., Aimi, A., Akutsu, R., Andreopoulos, C., Anghel, I., Anthony, L. H. V., Antonova, M., Ashida, Y., Aushev, V., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Beltrame, P., Berardi, V., Bergevin, M., Berkman, S., Berns, L., Berry, T., Bhadra, S., Blaszczyk, F. D. M., Blondel, A., Bolognesi, S., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Buizza Avanzini, M., Cafagna, F. S., Calland, R., Cao, S., Cartwright, S. L., Catanesi, M. G., Checchia, C., Chen-Wishart, Z., Cheon, B. G., Cheoun, M. K., Cho, K., Choi, J. H., Choi, K., Choi, K. Y., Chun, E. J., Cole, A., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cowan, G., Cremonesi, Cristina, Dealtry, T., De Rosa, G., Densham, C., Dewhurst, D., Drakopoulou, E., Di Lodovico, F., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dziewiecki, M., Di Cicco, Emery, Esmaili, A., Evangelisti, A., Fernández-Martinez, E., Feusels, T., Finch, A., Fiorentini, G. A., Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M., Frankiewicz, K., Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Fukuda, D., Ganezer, K., Ghosh, M., Giganti, C., Gonin, M., Grant, N., Gumplinger, P., Hadley, D. R., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Hayato, Y., Hayrapetyan, K., Hill, J., Hirota, S., Horiuchi, S., Ichikawa, A. K., Iijima, T., Ikeda, M., Imber, J., Inoue, K., Insler, J., Intonti, R. A., Ioannisian, A., Ishida, T., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Itow, Y., Iwamoto, K., Izmaylov, A., Jamieson, B., Jang, H. I., Jang, J. S., Jeon, S. H., Jeong, K. S., Jiang, M., Jonsson, P., Joo, K. K., Kaboth, A., Kachulis, C., Kajita, T., Kang, S. K., Kameda, J., Kataoka, Y., Katori, T., Kayrapetyan, K., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kim, C. S., Kim, H. B., Kim, H. J., Kim, J. H., Kim, J. -S., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, S. C., Kim, S. -W., Kim, S. Y., Kim, T. J., Kim, W., King, S., Kishimoto, Y., Ko, P., Kobayashi, T., Koga, M., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Korzenev, A., Kowalik, K. L., Kropp, W. R., Kudenko, Y., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwak, K., Kwon, E. H., Labarga, L., Lagoda, J., Lasorak, P. J. J., Laveder, M., Lawe, M., Learned, J. G., Lee, C. H., Lee, S. J., Lee, W. J., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Longhin, A., Loverre, P., Lou, T., Ludovici, L., Ma, W., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Malek, M., Maret, L., Mariani, C., Martens, K., Marti, L., Martin, J. F., Marzec, J., Matsuno, S., Mazzucato, E., Mccarthy, M., Mccauley, N., Mcfarland, K. S., Mcgrew, C., Mefodiev, A., Mermod, P., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Mijakowski, P., Minakata, H., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mitra, A., Miura, M., Mochizuki, T., Monroe, J., Moon, C. S., Moon, D. H., Moriyama, S., Mueller, T., Muheim, F., Murase, K., Muto, F., Nakahata, M., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, K., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nantais, C., Needham, M., Nicholls, T., Nishimura, Y., Noah, E., Nova, F., Nowak, J., Nunokawa, H., Obayashi, Y., Oh, Y. D., Oh, Y., O'Keeffe, H. M., Okajima, Y., Okumura, K., Onishchuk, Yu., O'Sullivan, E., O'Sullivan, L., Ovsiannikova, T., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Pérez, J., Pac, M. Y., Palladino, V., Palomino, J. L., Paolone, V., Park, H. S., Park, J. C., Park, M. G., Parker, W., Park, S. C., Parsa, S., Payne, D., Perkin, J. D., Pidcott, C., Pinzon Guerra, E., Playfer, S., Popov, B., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Pritchard, A., Prouse, N. W., Pronost, G., Przewlocki, P., Quilain, B., Quinto, M., Radicioni, E., Ratoff, P. N., Retiere, F., Riccio, C., Richards, B., Rondio, E., Rose, H. J., Rott, C., Rountree, S. D., Ruggeri, A. C., Rychter, A., Ryu, D., Sacco, R., Sakuda, M., Sanchez, M. C., Scantamburlo, E., Scott, M., Molina Sedgwick, S., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, H., Seo, S. H., Sgalaberna, D., Shah, R., Shaikhiev, A., Shimizu, I., Shiozawa, M., Shitov, Y., Short, S., Simpson, C., Sinnis, G., Smy, M. B., Snow, S., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H. W., Son, D. C., Sonoda, Y., Spina, R., Stewart, T., Stone, J. L., Suda, Y., Suwa, Y., Suzuki, Y., Suzuki, A. T., Svoboda, R., Taani, M., Tacik, R., Takeda, A., Takenaka, A., Taketa, A., Takeuchi, Y., Takhistov, V., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, H. K. M., Tanaka, H., Terri, R., Thiesse, M., Thompson, L. F., Thorpe, M., Tobayama, S., Touramanis, C., Towstego, T., Tsukamoto, T., Tsui, K. M., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Vasseur, G., Vilela, C., Vogelaar, R. B., Walding, J., Walker, J., Ward, M., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Wilson, J. R., Won, E., Xin, T., Yamamoto, K., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yasuda, O., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yeum, D. N., Yokoyama, M., Yoo, H. D., Yoo, J., Yoon, S. C., Yoon, T. S., Yoshida, T., Yu, I., Yu, M., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Ziembicki, M., Zito, M., Zsoldos, S., and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, neutrino: solar, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, General Physics and Astronomy, KAMIOKANDE, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, C03, C04, C12, C32, C43, Physics and Astronomy (all), High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics, Particles & Fields, MUSIC, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), site, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], neutrino: supernova, neutrino: mass, physics.ins-det, neutrino: interaction, energy: low, Physics, SPECTROSCOPY, J-PARC Lab, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, hep-ph, Computer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), LINE-EXPERIMENT-SIMULATOR, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Supernova, C04 Neutrino masses, Physical Sciences, SIMULATION, CP violation, CP VIOLATION, Neutrino, C03 CP violation, Physics::Physics and Society, Particle physics, and oscillations, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics, Multidisciplinary, NEUTRINO OSCILLATION EXPERIMENTS, CODE, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, Neutrino beam, Computer Science::Digital Libraries, C12 Grand unified theories, dark matter, 0103 physical sciences, CP: violation, EARTH, mixing, Sensitivity (control systems), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Science & Technology, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, sensitivity, C32 Experiments using neutrino beams, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, C43 Underground experiments, MATTER, experimental results
Abstract

Hyper-Kamiokande consists of two identical water-Cherenkov detectors of total 520~kt with the first one in Japan at 295~km from the J-PARC neutrino beam with 2.5$^{\textrm{o}}$ Off-Axis Angles (OAAs), and the second one possibly in Korea in a later stage. Having the second detector in Korea would benefit almost all areas of neutrino oscillation physics mainly due to longer baselines. There are several candidate sites in Korea with baselines of 1,000$\sim$1,300~km and OAAs of 1$^{\textrm{o}}$$\sim$3$^{\textrm{o}}$. We conducted sensitivity studies on neutrino oscillation physics for a second detector, either in Japan (JD $\times$ 2) or Korea (JD + KD) and compared the results with a single detector in Japan. Leptonic CP violation sensitivity is improved especially when the CP is non-maximally violated. The larger matter effect at Korean candidate sites significantly enhances sensitivities to non-standard interactions of neutrinos and mass ordering determination. Current studies indicate the best sensitivity is obtained at Mt. Bisul (1,088~km baseline, $1.3^\circ$ OAA). Thanks to a larger (1,000~m) overburden than the first detector site, clear improvements to sensitivities for solar and supernova relic neutrino searches are expected., Comment: 102 pages, 49 figures. Accepted by PTEP

35. Deep sea tests of a prototype of the KM3NeT digital optical module

Author

Adrian-Martinez, S., Ageron, M., Aharonian, F., Aiello, S., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anassontzis, E. G., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Anvar, S., Ardid, M., Asmundis, R., Balasi, K., Band, H., Barbarino, G., Barbarito, E., Barbato, F., Baret, B., Baron, S., Belias, A., Berbee, E., Den Berg, A. M., Berkien, A., Bertin, V., Beurthey, S., Beveren, V., Beverini, N., Biagi, S., Bianucci, S., Billault, M., Birbas, A., Rookhuizen, H. Boer, Bormuth, R., Bouche, V., Bouhadef, B., Bourlis, G., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Cacopardo, G., Caillat, L., Calamai, M., Calvo, D., Antonio Capone, Caramete, L., Caruso, F., Cecchini, S., Ceres, A., Cereseto, R., Champion, C., Chateau, F., Chiarusi, T., Christopoulou, B., Circella, M., Classen, L., Cocimano, R., Colonges, S., Coniglione, R., Cosquer, A., Costa, M., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Curtil, C., Cuttone, G., D Amato, C., D Amico, A., Bonis, G., Rosa, G., Deniskina, N., Destelle, J. J., Distefano, C., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Drury, L., Durand, D., Eberl, T., Eleftheriadis, C., Elsaesser, D., Enzenhoefer, A., Fermani, P., Fusco, L. A., Gajana, D., Gal, T., Galata, S., Gallo, F., Garufi, F., Gebyehu, M., Giordano, V., Gizani, N., Ruiz, R. Gracia, Graf, K., Grasso, R., Grella, G., Grmek, A., Habel, R., Haren, H., Heid, T., Heijboer, A., Heine, E., Henry, S., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Herold, B., Hevinga, M. A., Hoek, M., Hofestaedt, J., Hogenbirk, J., Hugon, C., Hoessl, J., Imbesi, M., James, C., Jansweijer, P., Jochum, J., Jong, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Kappes, A., Kappos, E., Katz, U., Kavatsyuk, O., Keller, P., Kieft, G., Koffeman, E., Kok, H., Kooijman, P., Koopstra, J., Korporaal, A., Kouchner, A., Koutsoukos, S., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lahmann, R., Lamare, P., Larosa, G., Lattuada, D., Le Provost, H., Leisos, A., Lenis, D., Leonora, E., Clark, M. Lindsey, Liolios, A., Llorens Alvarez, C. D., Loehner, H., Lo Presti, D., Louis, F., Maccioni, E., Mannheim, K., Manolopoulos, K., Margiotta, A., Maris, O., Markou, C., Martinez-Mora, J. A., Martini, A., Masullo, R., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Miraglia, A., Mollo, C., Mongelli, M., Morganti, M., Mos, S., Moudden, Y., Musico, P., Musumeci, M., Nicolaou, C., Nicolau, C. A., Orlando, A., Orzelli, A., Papageorgiou, K., Papaikonomou, A., Papaleo, R., Pavalas, G. E., Peek, H., Pellegrino, C., Pellegriti, M. G., Perrina, C., Petridou, C., Piattelli, P., Pikounis, K., Popa, V., Pradier, Th, Priede, M., Puehlhofer, G., Pulvirenti, S., Racca, C., Raffaelli, F., Randazzo, N., Rapidis, P. A., Razis, P., Real, D., Resvanis, L., Reubelt, J., Riccobene, G., Rovelli, A., Royon, J., Saldana, M., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Santangelo, A., Sapienza, P., Savvidis, I., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, J., Sedita, M., Seitz, T., Sgura, I., Simeone, F., Siotis, I., Sipala, V., Solazzo, M., Spitaleri, A., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, G., Steijger, J., Stolarczyk, T., Stransky, D., Taiuti, M., Terreni, G., Tezier, D., Theraube, S., Thompson, L. F., Timmer, P., Trapierakis, H. I., Trasatti, L., Trovato, A., Tselengidou, M., Tsirigotis, A., Tzamarias, S., Tzamariudaki, E., Vallage, B., Elewyck, V., Vermeulen, J., Vernin, P., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Werneke, P., Wiggers, L., Wilms, J., Wolf, E., Wooning, R. H. L., Yatkin, K., Zachariadou, K., Zonca, E., Zornoza, J. D., Zuniga, J., Zwart, A., Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe de Recherche en Physique des Hautes Energies (GRPHE), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-IUT de Colmar, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Km3Net Collaboration, Research unit Astroparticle Physics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Colmar-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Colmar, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), S., Adriàn Martìnez, M., Ageron, F., Aharonian, S., Aiello, A., Albert, F., Ameli, E. G., Anassontzi, M., Anghinolfi, G., Anton, S., Anvar, M., Ardid, R., de Asmundi, K., Balasi, H., Band, Barbarino, Giancarlo, E., Barbarito, Barbato, FELICIA CARLA TIZIANA, B., Baret, S., Baron, A., Belia, E., Berbee, A. M., van den Berg, A., Berkien, V., Bertin, S., Beurthey, V., van Beveren, N., Beverini, S., Biagi, S., Bianucci, M., Billault, A., Birba, H., Boer Rookhuizen, R., Bormuth, V., Bouch?, B., Bouhadef, G., Bourli, M., Bouwhui, C., Bozza, R., Bruijn, J., Brunner, G., Cacopardo, L., Caillat, M., Calamai, D., Calvo, A., Capone, L., Caramete, F., Caruso, S., Cecchini, A., Cere, R., Cereseto, C., Champion, F., Ch?teau, T., Chiarusi, B., Christopoulou, M., Circella, L., Classen, R., Cocimano, S., Colonge, R., Coniglione, A., Cosquer, M., Costa, P., Coyle, A., Creusot, C., Curtil, G., Cuttone, C., D?amato, A., D?amico, G., De Boni, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, Deniskina, Natalia, J. J., Destelle, C., Distefano, C., Donzaud, D., Dornic, Q., Dorosti Hasankiadeh, E., Drakopoulou, D., Drouhin, L., Drury, D., Durand, T., Eberl, C., Eleftheriadi, D., Elsaesser, A., Enzenhofer, P., Fermani, L. A., Fusco, D., Gajana, T., Gal, S., Galat?, F., Gallo, Garufi, Fabio, M., Gebyehu, V., Giordano, N., Gizani, R., Gracia Ruiz, K., Graf, R., Grasso, G., Grella, A., Grmek, R., Habel, H., van Haren, T., Heid, A., Heijboer, E., Heine, S., Henry, J. J., Hern?ndez Rey, B., Herold, M. A., Hevinga, M., van der Hoek, J., Hofest?dt, J., Hogenbirk, C., Hugon, J., H??l, M., Imbesi, C., Jame, P., Jansweijer, J., Jochum, M., de Jong, M., Kadler, O., Kalekin, A., Kappe, E., Kappo, U., Katz, O., Kavatsyuk, P., Keller, G., Kieft, E., Koffeman, H., Kok, P., Kooijman, J., Koopstra, A., Korporaal, A., Kouchner, S., Koutsouko, I., Kreykenbohm, V., Kulikovskiy, R., Lahmann, P., Lamare, G., Larosa, D., Lattuada, H., Le Provost, A., Leiso, D., Leni, E., Leonora, M., Lindsey Clark, A., Liolio, C. D., Llorens Alvarez, H., Lohner, D., Lo Presti, F., Loui, E., Maccioni, K., Mannheim, K., Manolopoulo, A., Margiotta, O., Mari?, C., Markou, J. A., Mart?nez Mora, A., Martini, R., Masullo, T., Michael, P., Migliozzi, E., Migneco, A., Miraglia, C., Mollo, M., Mongelli, M., Morganti, S., Mo, Y., Moudden, P., Musico, M., Musumeci, C., Nicolaou, C. A., Nicolau, A., Orlando, A., Orzelli, K., Papageorgiou, A., Papaikonomou, R., Papaleo, G. E., P?v?la?, H., Peek, C., Pellegrino, M. G., Pellegriti, C., Perrina, C., Petridou, P., Piattelli, K., Pikouni, V., Popa, Pradier, T. h., M., Priede, G., P?hlhofer, S., Pulvirenti, C., Racca, F., Raffaelli, N., Randazzo, P. A., Rapidi, P., Razi, D., Real, L., Resvani, J., Reubelt, G., Riccobene, A., Rovelli, J., Royon, M., Salda?a, D. F. E., Samtleben, M., Sanguineti, A., Santangelo, P., Sapienza, I., Savvidi, J., Schmelling, J., Schnabel, M., Sedita, T., Seitz, I., Sgura, F., Simeone, I., Sioti, V., Sipala, M., Solazzo, A., Spitaleri, M., Spurio, G., Stavropoulo, J., Steijger, T., Stolarczyk, D., Stransky, M., Taiuti, G., Terreni, D., T?zier, S., Th?raube, L. F., Thompson, P., Timmer, H. I., Trapieraki, L., Trasatti, A., Trovato, M., Tselengidou, A., Tsirigoti, S., Tzamaria, E., Tzamariudaki, B., Vallage, V., Van Elewyck, J., Vermeulen, P., Vernin, S., Viola, Vivolo, Daniele, P., Werneke, L., Wigger, J., Wilm, E., de Wolf, R. H. L., van Wooning, K., Yatkin, K., Zachariadou, E., Zonca, J. D., Zornoza, J., Zuniga, A., Zwart, S. Adrián-Martínez, M. Ageron, F. Aharonian, S. Aiello, A. Albert, F. Ameli, E. G. Anassontzi, M. Anghinolfi, G. Anton, S. Anvar, M. Ardid, R. de Asmundi, K. Balasi, H. Band, G. Barbarino, E. Barbarito, F. Barbato, B. Baret, S. Baron, A. Belia, E. Berbee, A. M. van den Berg, A. Berkien, V. Bertin, S. Beurthey, V. van Beveren, N. Beverini, S. Biagi, S. Bianucci, M. Billault, A. Birba, H. Boer Rookhuizen, R. Bormuth, V. Bouché, B. Bouhadef, G. Bourli, M. Bouwhui, C. Bozza, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, G. Cacopardo, L. Caillat, M. Calamai, D. Calvo, A. Capone, L. Caramete, F. Caruso, S. Cecchini, A. Cere, R. Cereseto, C. Champion, F. Château, T. Chiarusi, B. Christopoulou, M. Circella, L. Classen, R. Cocimano, S. Colonge, R. Coniglione, A. Cosquer, M. Costa, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, C. Curtil, G. Cuttone, C. D’Amato, A. D’Amico, G. De Boni, G. De Rosa, N. Deniskina, J.-J. Destelle, C. Distefano, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, Q. Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, L. Drury, D. Durand, T. Eberl, C. Eleftheriadi, D. Elsaesser, A. Enzenhöfer, P. Fermani, L. A. Fusco, D. Gajana, T. Gal, S. Galatà, F. Gallo, F. Garufi, M. Gebyehu, V. Giordano, N. Gizani, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, R. Grasso, G. Grella, A. Grmek, R. Habel, H. van Haren, T. Heid, A. Heijboer, E. Heine, S. Henry, J. J. Hernández-Rey, B. Herold, M. A. Hevinga, M. van der Hoek, J. Hofestädt, J. Hogenbirk, C. Hugon, J. Hößl, M. Imbesi, C. Jame, P. Jansweijer, J. Jochum, M. de Jong, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, A. Kappe, E. Kappo, U. Katz, O. Kavatsyuk, P. Keller, G. Kieft, E. Koffeman, H. Kok, P. Kooijman, J. Koopstra, A. Korporaal, A. Kouchner, S. Koutsouko, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Lahmann, P. Lamare, G. Larosa, D. Lattuada, H. Le Provost, A. Leiso, D. Leni, E. Leonora, M. Lindsey Clark, A. Liolio, C. D. Llorens Alvarez, H. Löhner, D. Lo Presti, F. Loui, E. Maccioni, K. Mannheim, K. Manolopoulo, A. Margiotta, O. Mariş, C. Markou, J. A. Martínez-Mora, A. Martini, R. Masullo, T. Michael, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, A. Miraglia, C. Mollo, M. Mongelli, M. Morganti, S. Mo, Y. Moudden, P. Musico, M. Musumeci, C. Nicolaou, C. A. Nicolau, A. Orlando, A. Orzelli, K. Papageorgiou, A. Papaikonomou, R. Papaleo, G. E. Păvălaş, H. Peek, C. Pellegrino, M. G. Pellegriti, C. Perrina, C. Petridou, P. Piattelli, K. Pikouni, V. Popa, Th. Pradier, M. Priede, G. Pühlhofer, S. Pulvirenti, C. Racca, F. Raffaelli, N. Randazzo, P. A. Rapidi, P. Razi, D. Real, L. Resvani, J. Reubelt, G. Riccobene, A. Rovelli, J. Royon, M. Saldaña, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, A. Santangelo, P. Sapienza, I. Savvidi, J. Schmelling, J. Schnabel, M. Sedita, T. Seitz, I. Sgura, F. Simeone, I. Sioti, V. Sipala, M. Solazzo, A. Spitaleri, M. Spurio, G. Stavropoulo, J. Steijger, T. Stolarczyk, D. Stransky, M. Taiuti, G. Terreni, D. Tézier, S. Théraube, L. F. Thompson, P. Timmer, H. I. Trapieraki, L. Trasatti, A. Trovato, M. Tselengidou, A. Tsirigoti, S. Tzamaria, E. Tzamariudaki, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, J. Vermeulen, P. Vernin, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, P. Werneke, L. Wigger, J. Wilm, E. de Wolf, R. H. L. van Wooning, K. Yatkin, K. Zachariadou, E. Zonca, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, A. Zwart, Adrian-Martinez, S, Ageron, M, Aharonian, F, Aiello, S, Albert, A, Ameli, F, Anassontzis, Eg, Anghinolfi, M, Anton, G, Anvar, S, Ardid, M, de Asmundis, R, Balasi, K, Band, H, Barbarino, G, Barbarito, E, Barbato, F, Baret, B, Baron, S, Belias, A, Berbee, E, van den Berg, Am, Berkien, A, Bertin, V, Beurthey, S, van Beveren, V, Beverini, N, Biagi, S, Bianucci, S, Billault, M, Birbas, A, Rookhuizen, Hb, Bormuth, R, Bouche, V, Bouhadef, B, Bourlis, G, Bouwhuis, M, Bozza, C, Bruijn, R, Brunner, J, Cacopardo, G, Caillat, L, Calamai, M, Calvo, D, Capone, A, Caramete, L, Caruso, F, Cecchini, S, Ceres, A, Cereseto, R, Champion, C, Chateau, F, Chiarusi, T, Christopoulou, B, Circella, M, Classen, L, Cocimano, R, Colonges, S, Coniglione, R, Cosquer, A, Costa, M, Coyle, P, Creusot, A, Curtil, C, Cuttone, G, D'Amato, C, D'Amico, A, De Bonis, G, De Rosa, G, Deniskina, N, Destelle, Jj, Distefano, C, Donzaud, C, Dornic, D, Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q, Drakopoulou, E, Drouhin, D, Drury, L, Durand, D, Eberl, T, Eleftheriadis, C, Elsaesser, D, Enzenhofer, A, Fermani, P, Fusco, La, Gajana, D, Gal, T, Galata, S, Gallo, F, Garufi, F, Gebyehu, M, Giordano, V, Gizani, N, Ruiz, Rg, Graf, K, Grasso, R, Grella, G, Grmek, A, Habel, R, van Haren, H, Heid, T, Heijboer, A, Heine, E, Henry, S, Hernandez-Rey, Jj, Herold, B, Hevinga, Ma, van der Hoek, M, Hofestadt, J, Hogenbirk, J, Hugon, C, Hoessl, J, Imbesi, M, James, C, Jansweijer, P, Jochum, J, de Jong, M, Kadler, M, Kalekin, O, Kappes, A, Kappos, E, Katz, U, Kavatsyuk, O, Keller, P, Kieft, G, Koffeman, E, Kok, H, Kooijman, P, Koopstra, J, Korporaal, A, Kouchner, A, Koutsoukos, S, Kreykenbohm, I, Kulikovskiy, V, Lahmann, R, Lamare, P, Larosa, G, Lattuada, D, Le Provost, H, Leisos, A, Lenis, D, Leonora, E, Clark, Ml, Liolios, A, Alvarez, Cdl, Lohner, H, Lo Presti, D, Louis, F, Maccioni, E, Mannheim, K, Manolopoulos, K, Margiotta, A, Maris, O, Markou, C, Martinez-Mora, Ja, Martini, A, Masullo, R, Michael, T, Migliozzi, P, Migneco, E, Miraglia, A, Mollo, C, Mongelli, M, Morganti, M, Mos, S, Moudden, Y, Musico, P, Musumeci, M, Nicolaou, C, Nicolau, Ca, Orlando, A, Orzelli, A, Papageorgiou, K, Papaikonomou, A, Papaleo, R, Pavalas, Ge, Peek, H, Pellegrino, C, Pellegriti, Mg, Perrina, C, Petridou, C, Piattelli, P, Pikounis, K, Popa, V, Pradier, T, Priede, M, Puhlhofer, G, Pulvirenti, S, Racca, C, Raffaelli, F, Randazzo, N, Rapidis, Pa, Razis, P, Real, D, Resvanis, L, Reubelt, J, Riccobene, G, Rovelli, A, Royon, J, Saldana, M, Samtleben, Dfe, Sanguineti, M, Santangelo, A, Sapienza, P, Savvidis, I, Schmelling, J, Schnabel, J, Sedita, M, Seitz, T, Sgura, I, Simeone, F, Siotis, I, Sipala, V, Solazzo, M, Spitaleri, A, Spurio, M, Stavropoulos, G, Steijger, J, Stolarczyk, T, Stransky, D, Taiuti, M, Terreni, G, Tezier, D, Theraube, S, Thompson, Lf, Timmer, P, Trapierakis, Hi, Trasatti, L, Trovato, A, Tselengidou, M, Tsirigotis, A, Tzamarias, S, Tzamariudaki, E, Vallage, B, Van Elewyck, V, Vermeulen, J, Vernin, P, Viola, S, Vivolo, D, Werneke, P, Wiggers, L, Wilms, J, de Wolf, E, van Wooning, Rhl, Yatkin, K, Zachariadou, K, Zonca, E, Zornoza, Jd, Zuniga, J, and Zwart, A

Subjects
KM3NeT, digital optical module, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), TELESCOPE, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Neutrino Telescopes, neutrino astrophysics, Cherenkov detector, Cherenkov, Underwater, DESIGN, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Engineering (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, neutrino telescope, DATA-ACQUISITION, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), READOUT, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], NEUTRINOS, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, SYSTEM
Abstract

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European Physical Journal C Volume 74, Issue 9, 1 September 2014, 8p Deep sea tests of a prototype of the KM3NeT digital optical module: KM3NeT Collaboration (Article) Adrián-Martínez, S.a, Ageron, M.b, Aharonian, F.c, Aiello, S.d, Albert, A.e, Ameli, F.f, Anassontzis, E.G.g, Anghinolfi, M.h, Anton, G.i, Anvar, S.j, Ardid, M.a, de Asmundis, R.k, Balasi, K.l, Band, H.m, Barbarino, G.kn, Barbarito, E.o, Barbato, F.kn, Baret, B.p, Baron, S.p, Belias, A.lq, Berbee, E.m, van den Berg, A.M.r, Berkien, A.m, Bertin, V.b, Beurthey, S.b, van Beveren, V.m, Beverini, N.st, Biagi, S.uv, Bianucci, S.t, Billault, M.b, Birbas, A.w, Boer Rookhuizen, H.m, Bormuth, R.mx, Bouché, V.fy, Bouhadef, B.t, Bourlis, G.w, Bouwhuis, M.m, Bozza, C.nz, Bruijn, R.maa, Brunner, J.b, Cacopardo, G.ab, Caillat, L.b, Calamai, M.t, Calvo, D.ad, Capone, A.y, Caramete, L.ae, Caruso, F.ab, Cecchini, S.uv, Ceres, A.o, Cereseto, R.h, Champion, C.p, Château, F.j, Chiarusi, T.u, Christopoulou, B.w, Circella, M.o, Classen, L.i, Cocimano, R.ab, Colonges, S.p, Coniglione, R.ab, Cosquer, A.b, Costa, M.ab, Coyle, P.b, Creusot, A.p, Curtil, C.b, Cuttone, G.ab, D’Amato, C.ab, D’Amico, A.ab, De Bonis, G.f, De Rosa, G.kn, Deniskina, N.k, Destelle, J.-J.b, Distefano, C.ab, Donzaud, C.pac, Dornic, D.b, Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q.r, Drakopoulou, E.l, Drouhin, D.e, Drury, L.c, Durand, D.j, Eberl, T.i, Eleftheriadis, C.af, Elsaesser, D.ag, Enzenhöfer, A.i, Fermani, P.fy, Fusco, L.A.uv, Gajana, D.m, Gal, T.i, Galatà, S.p, Gallo, F.b, Garufi, F.kn, Gebyehu, M.m, Giordano, V.d, Gizani, N.w, Gracia Ruiz, R.p, Graf, K.i, Grasso, R.ab, Grella, G.nz, Grmek, A.ab, Habel, R.ah, van Haren, H.ai, Heid, T.i, Heijboer, A.m, Heine, E.m, Henry, S.b, Hernández-Rey, J.J.ad, Herold, B.i, Hevinga, M.A.r, van der Hoek, M.m, Hofestädt, J.i, Hogenbirk, J.m, Hugon, C.h, Hößl, J.i, Imbesi, M.ab, James, C.i, Jansweijer, P.m, Jochum, J.aj, de Jong, M.mx, Kadler, M.ag, Kalekin, O.i, Kappes, A.i, Kappos, E.gl, Katz, U.i, Kavatsyuk, O.r, Keller, P.b, Kieft, G.m, Koffeman, E.maa, Kok, H.m, Kooijman, P.maaak , Koopstra, J.m, Korporaal, A.m, Kouchner, A.p, Koutsoukos, S.q, Kreykenbohm, I.al, Kulikovskiy, V.h, Lahmann, R.i, Lamare, P.b, Larosa, G.ab, Lattuada, D.ab, Le Provost, H.j, Leisos, A.w, Lenis, D.w, Leonora, E.d, Lindsey Clark, M.p, Liolios, A.af, Llorens Alvarez, C.D.a, Löhner, H.r, Lo Presti, D.dam, Louis, F.j, Maccioni, E.s, Mannheim, K.ag, Manolopoulos, K.gl, Margiotta, A.uv, Mariş, O.ae, Markou, C.l, Martínez-Mora, J.A.ad, Martini, A.ah, Masullo, R.fy, Michael, T.m, Migliozzi, P.k, Migneco, E.ab, Miraglia, A.ab, Mollo, C.k, Mongelli, M.o, Morganti, M.t, Mos, S.m, Moudden, Y.j, Musico, P.h, Musumeci, M.ab, Nicolaou, C.an, Nicolau, C.A.f, Orlando, A.ab, Orzelli, A.h, Papageorgiou, K.ao, Papaikonomou, A.lw, Papaleo, R.ab, Păvălaş, G.E.ae, Peek, H.m, Pellegrino, C.ab, Pellegriti, M.G.ab, Perrina, C.fy, Petridou, C.af, Piattelli, P.ab, Pikounis, K.l, Popa, V.ae, Pradier, T.ap, Priede, M.aq, Pühlhofer, G.aj, Pulvirenti, S.ab, Racca, C.e, Raffaelli, F.t, Randazzo, N.d, Rapidis, P.A.lq, Razis, P.an, Real, D.ad, Resvanis, L.gq, Reubelt, J.i, Riccobene, G.ab, Rovelli, A.ab, Royon, J.b, Saldaña, M.a, Samtleben, D.F.E.mx, Sanguineti, M.ar, Santangelo, A.aj, Sapienza, P.ab, Savvidis, I.af, Schmelling, J.m, Schnabel, J.i, Sedita, M.ab, Seitz, T.i, Sgura, I.o, Simeone, F.f, Siotis, I.l, Sipala, V.d, Solazzo, M.b, Spitaleri, A.ab, Spurio, M.uv, Stavropoulos, G.l, Steijger, J.m, Stolarczyk, T.as, Stransky, D.i, Taiuti, M.har, Terreni, G.t, Tézier, D.b, Théraube, S.b, Thompson, L.F.at, Timmer, P.m, Trapierakis, H.I.lq, Trasatti, L.ap, Trovato, A.ab, Tselengidou, M.i, Tsirigotis, A.w, Tzamarias, S.w, Tzamariudaki, E.l, Vallage, B.pas, Van Elewyck, V.p, Vermeulen, J.m, Vernin, P.as, Viola, S.ab, Vivolo, D.kn, Werneke, P.m, Wiggers, L.m, Wilms, J.al, de Wolf, E.maa, van Wooning, R.H.L.r, Yatkin, K.b, Zachariadou, K.au, Zonca, E.j, Zornoza, J.D.ad, Zúñiga, J.ad, Zwart, A.m View additional authors a Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de las Zonas Costeras, Universitat Politècnica de València, Gandia, Spain b CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France c DIAS, Dublin, Ireland View additional affiliations View references (22) Abstract The first prototype of a photo-detection unit of the future KM3NeT neutrino telescope has been deployed in the deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea. This digital optical module has a novel design with a very large photocathode area segmented by the use of 31 three inch photomultiplier tubes. It has been integrated in the ANTARES detector for in-situ testing and validation. This paper reports on the first months of data taking and rate measurements. The analysis results highlight the capabilities of the new module design in terms of background suppression and signal recognition. The directionality of the optical module enables the recognition of multiple Cherenkov photons from the same40 K decay and the localisation of bioluminescent activity in the neighbourhood. The single unit can cleanly identify atmospheric muons and provide sensitivity to the muon arrival directions

Published
2014

36. Developing Oncolytic Viruses for the Treatment of Cervical Cancer.

Author

Kalafati E, Drakopoulou E, Anagnou NP, and Pappa KI

Subjects
Humans, Female, Quality of Life, Immunotherapy, Oncolytic Viruses physiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms therapy, Oncolytic Virotherapy
Abstract

Cervical cancer represents one of the most important malignancies among women worldwide. Current therapeutic approaches for cervical cancer are reported not only to be inadequate for metastatic cervical cancer, but are also considered as cytotoxic for several patients leading to serious side effects, which can have negative implications on the quality of life of women. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of innovative and effective treatment options. Oncolytic viruses can eventually become effective biological agents, since they preferentially infect and kill cancer cells, while leaving the normal tissue unaffected. Moreover, they are also able to leverage the host immune system response to limit tumor growth. This review aims to systematically describe and discuss the different types of oncolytic viruses generated for targeting cervical cancer cells, as well as the outcome of the combination of virotherapy with conventional therapies. Although many preclinical studies have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic viruses in cervical cancer, the number of clinical trials so far is limited, while their oncolytic properties are currently being tested in clinical trials for the treatment of other malignancies.

Published
2023
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37. The Optimized γ-Globin Lentiviral Vector GGHI-mB-3D Leads to Nearly Therapeutic HbF Levels In Vitro in CD34 + Cells from Sickle Cell Disease Patients.

Author

Drakopoulou E, Georgomanoli M, Lederer CW, Panetsos F, Kleanthous M, Voskaridou E, Valakos D, Papanikolaou E, and Anagnou NP

Subjects
Humans, gamma-Globins genetics, Genetic Therapy, Fetal Hemoglobin genetics, Genetic Vectors genetics, Lentivirus genetics, beta-Thalassemia genetics, beta-Thalassemia therapy, Anemia, Sickle Cell genetics, Anemia, Sickle Cell therapy
Abstract

We have previously demonstrated that both the original γ-globin lentiviral vector (LV) GGHI and the optimized GGHI-mB-3D LV, carrying the novel regulatory elements of the 3D HPFH-1 enhancer and the 3' β-globin UTR, can significantly increase HbF production in thalassemic CD34 + cells and ameliorate the disease phenotype in vitro. In the present study, we investigated whether the GGHI-mB-3D vector can also exhibit an equally therapeutic effect, following the transduction of sickle cell disease (SCD) CD34 + cells at MOI 100, leading to HbF increase coupled with HbS decrease, and thus, to phenotype improvement in vitro. We show that GGHI-mB-3D LV can lead to high and potentially therapeutic HbF levels, reaching a mean 2-fold increase to a mean value of VCN/cell of 1.0 and a mean transduction efficiency of 55%. Furthermore, this increase was accompanied by a significant 1.6-fold HbS decrease, a beneficial therapeutic feature for SCD. In summary, our data demonstrate the efficacy of the optimized γ-globin lentiviral vector to improve the SCD phenotype in vitro, and highlights its potential use in future clinical SCD trials.

Published
2022
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38. Gene Therapy for Malignant and Benign Gynaecological Disorders: A Systematic Review of an Emerging Success Story.

Author

Drakopoulou E, Anagnou NP, and Pappa KI

Abstract

Despite the major advances in screening and therapeutic approaches, gynaecological malignancies still present as a leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. Cervical cancer, although largely preventable through vaccination and regular screening, remains the fourth most common and most lethal cancer type in women, while the available treatment schemes still pose a fertility threat. Ovarian cancer is associated with high morbidity rates, primarily due to lack of symptoms and high relapse rates following treatment, whereas endometrial cancer, although usually curable by surgery, it still represents a therapeutic problem. On the other hand, benign abnormalities, such as fibroids, endometriosis, placental, and embryo implantation disorders, although not life-threatening, significantly affect women's life and fertility and have high socio-economic impacts. In the last decade, targeted gene therapy approaches toward both malignant and benign gynaecological abnormalities have led to promising results, setting the ground for successful clinical trials. The above therapeutic strategies employ both viral and non-viral systems for mutation compensation, suicide gene therapy, oncolytic virotherapy, antiangiogenesis and immunopotentiation. This review discusses all the major advances in gene therapy of gynaecological disorders and highlights the novel and potentially therapeutic perspectives associated with such an approach.

Published
2022
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39. A Novel BaEVRless-Pseudotyped γ-Globin Lentiviral Vector Drives High and Stable Fetal Hemoglobin Expression and Improves Thalassemic Erythropoiesis In Vitro .

Author

Drakopoulou E, Georgomanoli M, Lederer CW, Kleanthous M, Costa C, Bernadin O, Cosset FL, Voskaridou E, Verhoeyen E, Papanikolaou E, and Anagnou NP

Subjects
Fetal Hemoglobin genetics, Gene Order, Gene Transfer Techniques, Genetic Engineering, Genetic Therapy methods, Hematopoietic Stem Cells metabolism, Humans, Recombination, Genetic, Transduction, Genetic, beta-Thalassemia therapy, Erythropoiesis genetics, Gene Expression, Genetic Vectors genetics, Lentivirus genetics, Transgenes, beta-Thalassemia genetics, gamma-Globins genetics
Abstract

It has previously been demonstrated that the self-inactivating γ-globin lentiviral vector GGHI can significantly increase fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in erythroid cells from thalassemia patients and thus improve the disease phenotype in vitro. In the present study, the GGHI vector was improved further by incorporating novel enhancer elements and also pseudotyping it with the baboon endogenous virus envelope glycoprotein BaEVRless, which efficiently and specifically targets human CD34 + cells. We evaluated the hypothesis that the newly constructed vector designated as GGHI-mB-3D would increase hCD34 + cell tropism and thus transduction efficiency at low multiplicity of infection, leading to increased transgene expression. High and stable HbF expression was demonstrated in thalassemic cells for the resulting GGHI-mB-3D/BaEVRless vector, exhibiting increased transduction efficiency compared to the original GGHI-mB-3D/VSVG vector, with a concomitant 91% mean HbF increase at a mean vector copy number per cell of 0.86 and a mean transduction efficiency of 56.4%. Transduced populations also exhibited a trend toward late erythroid, orthochromatic differentiation and reduced apoptosis, a further indication of successful gene therapy treatment. Monitoring expression of ATG5 , a key link between autophagy and apoptosis, it was established that this correction correlates with a reduction of enhanced autophagy activation, a typical feature of thalassemic polychromatophilic normoblasts. This work provides novel mechanistic insights into gene therapy-mediated correction of erythropoiesis and demonstrates the beneficial role of BaEVRless envelope glycoprotein compared to VSVG pseudotyping and of the novel GGHI-mB-3D/BaEVRless lentiviral vector for enhanced thalassemia gene therapy.

Published
2019
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40. Towards more successful gene therapy clinical trials for β-thalassemia.

Author

Drakopoulou E, Papanikolaou E, Georgomanoli M, and Anagnou NP

Subjects
Animals, Clinical Trials as Topic, Genetic Vectors genetics, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Hematopoietic Stem Cells metabolism, Humans, Lentivirus genetics, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Transduction, Genetic, Virus Integration, Genetic Therapy adverse effects, Hemoglobins genetics, beta-Thalassemia genetics, beta-Thalassemia therapy
Abstract

β-thalassemias constitute hereditary blood disorders characterized by reduced or absence of β-globin synthesis resulting in mild to severe anemia, depending on the genotype. More than 200 mutations in the β-globin gene are responsible for their specific features leading to a very heterogeneous phenotype. Current therapies for β-thalassemia include blood transfusions, usually along with iron chelation and in selected cases with bone marrow transplantation (BMT) of HLA-matched hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, these approaches are limited by factors, such as iron overload and donor availability, respectively. Since 2000, when globin lentiviral vectors (LVs) were first successfully tested for transfer efficiency of the therapeutic transgene, which led to disease amelioration in murine models, attention was drawn towards the improvement of such vectors for β-thalassemia gene therapy. Constantly improving vector design and efficient HSC manipulation led recently to the first successful clinical trial in France, which further proved that this genetic approach can be curative. Furthermore, improved new efficient vectors and methods to safely monitor integration sites and therapeutic transgene position effects, promise a new era for β-thalassemia gene therapy, with more and safer clinical trials yet to come.

Published
2013
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41. Characterization and comparative performance of lentiviral vector preparations concentrated by either one-step ultrafiltration or ultracentrifugation.

Author

Papanikolaou E, Kontostathi G, Drakopoulou E, Georgomanoli M, Stamateris E, Vougas K, Vlahou A, Maloy A, Ware M, and Anagnou NP

Subjects
Animals, Genetic Therapy methods, Genetic Vectors chemistry, Hematopoietic Stem Cells virology, Humans, Lentivirus chemistry, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Peptide Mapping, Transduction, Genetic, Ultracentrifugation methods, Genetic Vectors isolation & purification, Lentivirus isolation & purification, Ultrafiltration methods, Virology methods
Abstract

Gene therapy utilizing lentiviral vectors (LVs) constitutes a real therapeutic alternative for many inherited monogenic diseases. Therefore, the generation of functional vectors using fast, non-laborious and cost-effective strategies is imperative. Among the available concentration methods for VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviruses to achieve high therapeutic titers, ultracentrifugation represents the most common approach. However, the procedure requires special handling and access to special instrumentation, it is time-consuming, and most importantly, it is cost-ineffective due to the high maintenance expenses and consumables of the ultracentrifuge apparatus. Here we describe an improved protocol in which vector stocks are prepared by transient transfection using standard cell culture media and are then concentrated by ultrafiltration, resulting in functional vector titers of up to 6×10(9) transducing units per millilitre (TU/ml) without the involvement of any purification step. Although ultrafiltration per se for concentrating viruses is not a new procedure, our work displays one major novelty; we characterized the nature and the constituents of the viral batches produced by ultrafiltration using peptide mass fingerprint analysis. We also determined the viral functional titer by employing flow cytometry and evaluated the actual viral particle size and concentration in real time by using laser-based nanoparticle tracking analysis based on Brownian motion. Vectors generated by this production method are contained in intact virions and when tested to transduce in vitro either murine total bone marrow or human CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells, resulted in equal transduction efficiency and reduced toxicity, compared to lentiviral vectors produced using standard ultracentrifugation-based methods. The data from this study can eventually lead to the improvement of protocols and technical modifications for the clinical trials for gene therapy., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2013
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42. The Ongoing Challenge of Hematopoietic Stem Cell-Based Gene Therapy for β-Thalassemia.

Author

Drakopoulou E, Papanikolaou E, and Anagnou NP

Abstract

β-thalassemia is characterized by reduced or absence of β-globin production, resulting in anemia. Current therapies include blood transfusion combined with iron chelation. BM transplantation, although curative, is restricted by the matched donor limitation. Gene therapy, on the other hand, is promising, and its success lies primarily on designing efficient globin vectors that can effectively and stably transduce HSCs. The major breakthrough in β-thalassemia gene therapy occurred a decade ago with the development of globin LVs. Since then, researchers focused on designing efficient and safe vectors, which can successfully deliver the therapeutic transgene, demonstrating no insertional mutagenesis. Furthermore, as human HSCs have intrinsic barriers to HIV-1 infection, attention is drawn towards their ex vivo manipulation, aiming to achieve higher yield of genetically modified HSCs. This paper presents the current status of gene therapy for β-thalassemia, its success and limitations, and the novel promising strategies available involving the therapeutic role of HSCs.

Published
2011
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43. Non-redundant role for the transcription factor Gli1 at multiple stages of thymocyte development.

Author

Drakopoulou E, Outram SV, Rowbotham NJ, Ross SE, Furmanski AL, Saldana JI, Hager-Theodorides AL, and Crompton T

Subjects
Animals, Biomarkers metabolism, Female, Hedgehog Proteins metabolism, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors genetics, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Thymus Gland metabolism, Zinc Finger Protein GLI1, Cell Differentiation physiology, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors metabolism, Signal Transduction physiology, T-Lymphocytes physiology, Thymus Gland cytology, Thymus Gland embryology, Thymus Gland growth & development
Abstract

The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway influences multiple stages of murine T-cell development. Hh signaling mediates transcriptional changes by the activity of the Gli family of transcription factors, Gli1, Gli2 and Gli3. Both Gli2 and Gli3 are essential for mouse development and can be processed to function as transcriptional repressors or transcriptional activators, whereas Gli1, itself a transcriptional target of Hh pathway activation, can only function as a transcriptional activator and is not essential for mouse development. Gli1-deficient mice are healthy and appear normal and nonredundant functions for Gli1 have been difficult to identify. Here we show that Gli1 is non-redundant in the regulation of T-cell development in the thymus, at multiple developmental stages. Analysis of Gli1-deficient embryonic mouse thymus shows a role for Gli1 to promote the differentiation of CD4⁻CD8⁻ double negative (DN) thymocytes before pre- TCR signal transduction, and a negative regulatory function after pre-TCR signaling. In addition, introduction of a Class I-restricted transgenic TCR into the adult Gli1-deficient and embryonic Gli2-deficient thymus showed that both Gli1 and Gli2 influence its selection to the CD8 lineage.

Published
2010
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44. Indian hedgehog (Ihh) both promotes and restricts thymocyte differentiation.

Author

Outram SV, Hager-Theodorides AL, Shah DK, Rowbotham NJ, Drakopoulou E, Ross SE, Lanske B, Dessens JT, and Crompton T

Subjects
Animals, Antigens, CD biosynthesis, Fetus, Flow Cytometry, Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte, Hedgehog Proteins genetics, Homeostasis immunology, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors biosynthesis, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell genetics, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Signal Transduction immunology, Thymus Gland embryology, Thymus Gland growth & development, Zinc Finger Protein GLI1, Cell Differentiation immunology, Hedgehog Proteins metabolism, T-Lymphocytes cytology, Thymus Gland cytology
Abstract

We show that Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) regulates T-cell development and homeostasis in both fetal and adult thymus, controlling thymocyte number. Fetal Ihh(-/-) thymi had reduced differentiation to double-positive (DP) cell and reduced cell numbers compared with wild-type littermates. Surprisingly, fetal Ihh(+/-) thymi had increased thymocyte numbers and proportion of DP cells relative to wild type, indicating that Ihh also negatively regulates thymocyte development. In vitro treatment of thymus explants with exogenous recombinant Hedgehog protein promoted thymocyte development in Ihh(-/-) thymi but inhibited thymocyte development in Ihh(+/-), confirming both positive and negative regulatory functions of Ihh. Analysis of Rag(-/-)Ihh(+/-) thymi showed that Ihh promotes T-cell development before pre-T-cell receptor (pre-TCR) signaling, but negatively regulates T-cell development only after pre-TCR signaling has taken place. We show that Ihh is most highly expressed by the DP population and that Ihh produced by DP cells feeds back to negatively regulate the differentiation and proliferation of their double-negative progenitors. Thus, differentiation from double-negative to DP cell, and hence the size of the DP population, is dependent on the concentration of Ihh in the thymus. Analysis of Ihh conditional knockout and heterozygote adult mice showed that Ihh also influences thymocyte number in the adult.

Published
2009
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45. Repression of hedgehog signal transduction in T-lineage cells increases TCR-induced activation and proliferation.

Author

Rowbotham NJ, Furmanski AL, Hager-Theodorides AL, Ross SE, Drakopoulou E, Koufaris C, Outram SV, and Crompton T

Subjects
Animals, DNA Primers genetics, Genotype, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors metabolism, Mice, Mice, Transgenic, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Signal Transduction genetics, Zinc Finger Protein Gli2, Cell Differentiation immunology, Hedgehog Proteins metabolism, Signal Transduction physiology, T-Lymphocytes cytology, T-Lymphocytes metabolism
Abstract

Hedgehog proteins signal for differentiation, survival and proliferation of the earliest thymocyte progenitors, but their functions at later stages of thymocyte development and in peripheral T-cell function are controversial. Here we show that repression of Hedgehog (Hh) pathway activation in T-lineage cells, by expression of a transgenic repressor form of Gli2 (Gli2DeltaC2), increased T-cell differentiation and activation in response to TCR signalling. Expression of the Gli2DeltaC2 transgene increased differentiation from CD4(+)CD8(+) to single positive thymocyte, and increased peripheral T cell populations. Gli2DeltaC2 T-cells were hyper-responsive to activation by ligation of CD3 and CD28: they expressed cell surface activation markers CD69 and CD25 more quickly, and proliferated more than wild-type T-cells. These data show that Hedgehog pathway activation in thymocytes and T-cells negatively regulates TCR-dependent differentiation and proliferation. Thus, as negative regulators of TCR-dependent events, Hh proteins provide an environmental influence on T-cell fate.

Published
2008
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46. Activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in T-lineage cells inhibits TCR repertoire selection in the thymus and peripheral T-cell activation.

Author

Rowbotham NJ, Hager-Theodorides AL, Cebecauer M, Shah DK, Drakopoulou E, Dyson J, Outram SV, and Crompton T

Subjects
Animals, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, CD5 Antigens immunology, CD5 Antigens metabolism, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Cell Proliferation, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases immunology, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases metabolism, Hedgehog Proteins deficiency, Hedgehog Proteins metabolism, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors deficiency, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors immunology, Lymphocyte Activation genetics, MAP Kinase Signaling System genetics, Mice, Mice, Transgenic, Organ Culture Techniques, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Thymus Gland growth & development, Zinc Finger Protein Gli2, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, Hedgehog Proteins immunology, Lymphocyte Activation immunology, MAP Kinase Signaling System immunology, Thymus Gland immunology
Abstract

TCR signal strength is involved in many cell fate decisions in the T-cell lineage. Here, we show that transcriptional events induced by Hedgehog (Hh) signaling reduced TCR signal strength in mice. Activation of Hh signaling in thymocytes in vivo by expression of a transgenic transcriptional-activator form of Gli2 (Gli2DeltaN(2)) changed the outcome of TCR ligation at many stages of thymocyte development, allowing self-reactive cells to escape clonal deletion; reducing transgenic TCR-mediated positive selection; reducing the ratio of CD4/CD8 single-positive (SP) cells; and reducing cell surface CD5 expression. In contrast, in the Shh(-/-) thymus the ratio of CD4/CD8 cells and both positive and negative selection of a transgenic TCR were increased, demonstrating that Shh does indeed influence TCR repertoire selection and the transition from double-positive (DP) to SP cell in a physiological situation. In peripheral T cells, Gli2DeltaN(2) expression attenuated T-cell activation and proliferation, by a mechanism upstream of ERK phosphorylation.

Published
2007
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47. Synthesis and characterization of biologically functional biotinylated RANTES.

Author

Vita C, Drakopoulou E, Ylisastigui L, Bakri Y, Vizzavona J, Martin L, Parmentier M, Gluckman JC, and Benjouad A

Subjects
Animals, Binding, Competitive, Biotinylation, CHO Cells, Cells, Cultured, Chemokine CCL5 chemistry, Chemokine CCL5 physiology, Chemotaxis, Cricetinae, Glycosaminoglycans metabolism, HeLa Cells, Humans, Macrophages metabolism, Monocytes physiology, Receptors, CCR5 metabolism, T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Chemokine CCL5 analogs & derivatives, Chemokine CCL5 pharmacology
Abstract

Development of specifically labeled chemokines that retain their biological properties should be useful for analyzing their mechanisms of action both under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we report the chemical synthesis and characterization of RANTES (regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) derivatives that were biotinylated at residues 1, 25, 33, 45, or 67. Gel filtration and ultracentrifugation experiments showed that biotinylation at position 45 or 67 decreased the aggregation tendency of the chemokine to a dimeric state. Competition experiments, using a stably transfected CHO-K1 cell line overexpressing human CCR5, a RANTES receptor, indicated that derivatives biotinylated at positions 1, 25, and 67 bound to CCR5 with the same affinity as native RANTES. Flow cytometry analysis showed that RANTES biotinylated at residue 67 (B67-RANTES) bound more efficiently to primary macrophages than the other derivatives. Such binding was dependent on cell surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) since it was reduced when macrophages or HeLa cells expressing or not CCR5 were first treated with GAG-specific enzymes. In addition, B67-RANTES modulated CCR5 expression on lymphocytes and elicited chemotaxis of monocytes in the same manner as unmodified RANTES. Thus, B67-RANTES acts as a CCR5 agonist and may be useful to study the role of RANTES in pathologies such as, for example, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and inflammatory disorders.

Published
2002
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48. Characterization of the internal motions of a chimeric protein by 13C NMR highlights the important dynamic consequences of the engineering on a millisecond time scale.

Author

Wolff N, Guenneugues M, Gilquin B, Drakopoulou E, Vita C, Ménez A, and Zinn-Justin S

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Kinetics, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular methods, Peptide Fragments chemistry, Protein Folding, Scorpion Venoms chemistry, Scorpions, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Deletion, Charybdotoxin chemistry, Protein Structure, Secondary, Recombinant Fusion Proteins chemistry, Snake Venoms chemistry
Abstract

By transferring the central curaremimetic beta hairpin of the snake toxin alpha into the scaffold of the scorpion charybdotoxin, a chimeric protein was constructed that reproduced the three-dimensional structure and partially reproduced the function of the parent beta hairpin, without perturbing the three-dimensional structure of the scaffold [1]. Picosecond to hour time scale motions of charybdotoxin and the engineered protein were observed, in order to evaluate the dynamic consequences of the six deletions and eight mutations differentiating the two molecules. The chimeric protein dynamics were also compared to that of toxin alpha, in order to examine the beta hairpin motions in both structural contexts. Thus, 13C R1, R1rho and 1H-->13C nOe were measured for all the CalphaHalpha and threonine CbetaHbeta vectors. As the proteins were not labeled, accordion techniques combined to coherence selection by pulsed field gradients and preservation of magnetization following equivalent pathways were used to considerably reduce the spectrometer time needed. On one hand, we observed that the chimeric protein and charybdotoxin are subjected to similar picosecond to nanosecond time scale motions except around the modified beta sheet region. The chimeric protein also exhibits an additional millisecond time scale motion on its whole sequence, and its beta structure is less stable on a minute to hour time scale. On the other hand, when the beta hairpin dynamics is compared in two different structural contexts, i.e. in the chimeric protein and the curaremimetic toxin alpha, the picosecond to nanosecond time scale motions are fairly conserved. However, the microsecond to millisecond time scale motions are different on most of the beta hairpin sequence, and the beta sheet seems more stable in toxin alpha than in the chimera. The slower microsecond to hour time scale motions seem to be extremely sensitive to the structural context, and thus poorly transferred from one protein to another.

Published
2000
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49. Synthesis and antibody recognition of mucin 1 (MUC1)-alpha-conotoxin chimera.

Author

Drakopoulou E, Uray K, Mezö G, Price MR, Vita C, and Hudecz F

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Antibodies, Monoclonal metabolism, Antibody Specificity, Epitopes, Mucin-1 chemistry, Peptides, Cyclic chemical synthesis, Peptides, Cyclic immunology, Protein Conformation, Protein Engineering methods, Recombinant Proteins chemical synthesis, Recombinant Proteins immunology, Conotoxins chemical synthesis, Conotoxins immunology, Mucin-1 immunology
Abstract

We synthesized and characterized new chimera peptides by inserting an epitope of the mucin 1 glycoprotein (MUC1) as a 'guest' sequence in the 'host' structure of alpha-conotoxin GI, a 13-residue peptide (ECCNPACGRHYSC) isolated from the venom of Conus geographus. The Pro-Asp-Thr-Arg (PDTR) sequence of MUC1 selected for these studies is highly hydrophilic and adopts a beta-turn conformation. The alpha-conotoxin GI also contains a beta-turn in the 8-12 region, which is stabilized by two disulphide bridges in positions 2-7 and 3-13. Thus, the tetramer sequence of alpha-conotoxin, Arg9-His-Tyr-Ser12, has been replaced by PDTR, comprising the minimal epitope for MUC1 specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) HMFG1 (PDTR) and HMFG2 (DTR). Synthesis of the chimera peptide was carried out by Fmoc strategy on (4-(2',4'-dimethoxyphenyl-aminomethyl)phenoxy) (Rink) resin and either 5,5'-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) or air oxidation was applied for the formation of the first Cys3-Cys13 or Cys2-Cys7 disulphide bridge, respectively. For the second disulphide bridge, three different oxidation procedures (iodine in acetic acid, 10% DMSO/1 M HCl or tallium trifluoroacetate (Tl(tfa)3) in TFA) were utilized. The HPLC purified peptides were characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS) and amino acid analysis. The CD spectra of the bicyclic MUC1-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimera peptide showed partially ordered conformation with turn character. In antibody binding studies, the RIA data showed that both the linear and the bicyclic forms of MUC1-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimera were recognized by MAb HMFG1 specific for PDTR sequence, while no binding was observed between MAb HMFG2 and various forms of the chimera. MAb HMFG1, using synthetic epitope conjugates or native MUC1 as target antigens, recognizes the PDTR motif more efficiently in the linear than in the bicyclic compound, but no reactivity was found with the monocyclic forms of MUC1-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimera, underlining the importance of certain conformers stabilized by double cyclization.

Published
2000
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50. Synthesis and immunological studies of alpha-conotoxin chimera containing an immunodominant epitope from the 268-284 region of HSV gD protein.

Author

Mezo G, Drakopoulou E, Paál V, Rajnavölgyi E, Vita C, and Hudecz F

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal immunology, Circular Dichroism, Conotoxins genetics, Mass Spectrometry, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Molecular Sequence Data, Peptide Fragments chemical synthesis, Peptide Fragments genetics, Peptide Fragments immunology, Protein Conformation, Recombinant Proteins genetics, Recombinant Proteins immunology, Viral Envelope Proteins chemical synthesis, Viral Envelope Proteins genetics, Conotoxins chemical synthesis, Conotoxins immunology, Immunodominant Epitopes genetics, Recombinant Proteins chemical synthesis, Viral Envelope Proteins immunology
Abstract

We have synthesized and characterized new chimeric peptides by inserting an epitope of the glycoprotein D (gD) of herpes simplex virus (HSV) serotype 1 as 'guest' sequence in the 'host' structure of alpha-conotoxin GI, a 13-residue peptide (ECCNPACGRHYSC) isolated from the venom of Conus geographus. The 276-284 region of HSV gD-1 selected for these studies is highly hydrophilic and adopts a beta-turn. The alpha-conotoxin GI also contains a beta-turn in the 8-12 region, stabilized by two disulfide bridges at positions 2-7 and 3-13. Thus, the tetramer sequence of alpha-conotoxin, 8Arg-His-Tyr-Ser12 has been replaced by Asp-Pro-Val-Gly (DPVG), identified previously as the epitope core. The syntheses were performed by Fmoc strategy on Rink resin and DTNB or air oxidation were applied for the formation of the first 3-13 disulfide bond in the presence of guanidinium hydrochloride. For the formation of the second disulfide Cys2-Cys7 three different oxidation procedures [iodine in 95% acetic acid, air oxidation in dimethyl sulfoxide/1 M HCl or Tl(tfa)3 in trifluoroacetic acid (TFE)] were compared. The high-performance liquid chromatography purified peptides were characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry and amino acid analysis. The bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimeric peptide and native alpha-conotoxin GI showed similar circular dichroism spectra in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and in a PBS-TFE 1:1 (v/v) mixture, which might suggest that these compounds also share similar secondary structures. In immunologic studies the characteristics of the primary and of the memory immunoglobulin (Ig) M- and IgG-type antibody responses showed that the bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin chimera is capable to induce strong antibody responses in C57/Bl/6 mice but was poorly immunogenic in CBA and BALB/c mice. Data obtained with the C57/Bl/6 serum indicate that the polyclonal antibodies recognize the DPVG motif presented in the bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin and some reactivity was also found with the monocyclic but not with the linear form of the chimera. Results with two IgM type monoclonal antibodies from a bicyclic HSV-alpha-[Tyr1]-conotoxin immunized C57/Bl/6 mouse also point to the specific interaction with the DPVG sequence. Taken together these studies suggest, that the relative intensity of DPVG-specific responses was found to be dependent on the mouse strain and on the conformation of the chimeric molecules. We found that the IgM monoclonal antibodies are able to recognize the linear DPVG sequence, while the majority of IgG antibodies is directed to the same motif in a conformation stabilized by double cyclization.

Published
2000
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