KM3NeT broadcast optical data transport system

The optical data transport system of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea will provide more than 6000 optical modules in the detector arrays with a point-to-point optical connection to the control stations onshore. The ARCA and ORCA detectors of KM3NeT are being installed at a depth of about 3500m and 2500 m, respectively and their distance to the control stations is about 100 kilometers and 40 kilometers. In particular, the two detectors are optimised for the detection of cosmic neutrinos with energies above about 1 TeV (ARCA) and for the detection of atmospheric neutrinos with energies in the range 1 GeV–1 TeV (ORCA). The expected maximum data rate is 200 Mbps per optical module. The implemented optical data transport system matches the layouts of the networks of electro-optical cables and junction boxes in the deep sea. For efficient use of the fibres in the system the technology of Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing is applied. The performance of the optical system in terms of measured bit error rates, optical budget are presented. The next steps in the implementation of the system are also discussed.
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (contract ANR-15-CE31-0020)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Commission Européenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001)
Paris Île-de-France Region, France; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Germany; The General Secretariat of Research and Innovation (GSRI)
Greece Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca (MIUR), PRIN 2017 program (Grant NAT-NET 2017W4HA7S) Italy
Ministry of Higher Education
Scientific Research and Innovation
Morocco, and the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, Kuwait
Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappel¼k Onderzoek (NWO)
The National Science Centre, Poland (2021/41/N/ST2/01177)
National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS)
Romania; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación, Investigación y Universidades (MCIU)
Programa Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento (refs. PGC2018-096663-B-C41
A-C42
B-C43
B-C44
PID2021-124591NB-C41
C42, -C43)
MCIU/FEDER
Generalitat Valenciana
Prometeo (PROMETEO/2020/019)
Grisolía (refs. GRISOLIA/2018/119, /2021/192)
GenT (refs. CIDEGENT/2018/034, /2019/043, /2020/049, /2021/023) programs
Junta de Andalucía (ref. A-FQM-053-UGR18)
La Caixa Foundation (ref. LCF/BQ/IN17/11620019)
EU: MSC program (ref. 101025085
Spain; María Zambrano program within the framework of grants for retaining in the Spanish university system (Spanish Ministry of Universities
The European Union, NextGenerationEU