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The advances in information technology have brought dramatic changes to the means and methods of learning, making it possible to learn everywhere and every time. In line with educational transformations, e-Learning has gained additional significance. Educational CDs and multimediasoftware have triggered substantial changes in education (Zandi, 2009). Given the importance of language skillsin every academic level, especially the primary level, the proper instructions of these skills should be a concern to educational authorities. Writing, as it plays a crucial role to sustain language, is of significance importance and should be heeded (Birjandi, 2002). While the direct instruction of spelling on the basis of psychologicalprinciples is highly recommended in today’s educational systems, spelling is still assumed to be an assessment instrumentrather than an educational one in Iran’s curriculum. Investigating the educational texts and reliable websites, the present study aims to plan an e-learning curriculum for spelling based on cognitive approach. Key Keywords: Curriculum, E-learning, Cognitive Approach, Spelling.

E-learning can address some of the unmet needs of learners and educational communities; however, not all learners and educators accept e-learning as a delivery modality. This research endeavored to study the factors which affect e-learning acceptance among Iranian post-graduate students using the Davis Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and to identify the changes which would facilitate their improved acceptance and subsequent wider use of e-learning. This descriptive-correlation study was conducted by surveying 320 Iranian postgraduate students using a self-reporting questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis through LISREL software. Results revealed sufficient validity and reliability of the TAM among Iranian postgraduate medical students. Perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness of e-learning, students’ attitudes toward e-learning, and the intention to use e-learning positively affected e-learning’s acceptance (p < 0.05) among Iranian postgraduate students. According to the results, attitudes toward e-learning have more predictive power than other TAM constructs. Therefore, emphasis on students’ favorable attitudes toward e-learning can be effective in accelerating its acceptance and will progress students’ learning outcomes.

E-learning recommender systems are becoming more popular due to the massive learning materials available online and the changing pedagogy. A content recommender system in the e-learning domain helps the learners by suggesting appropriate learning resources based on their preferences and learning goals. This paper presents a literature review on the recent studies conducted on content recommenders in the e-learning domain. The articles chosen for the review are mainly studies on personalized and adaptive learning systems. For that, we have collected and analyzed a set of journal papers published in this field during the period 2015–2020. Based on the analysis, we have categorized the different recommendation techniques, data inputs, algorithms, similarity measures, and evaluation metrics used in these studies. The paper also highlights the current trends in the recommendation process and the merits and demerits of the selected studies. Thus it provides an insight into the current state-of-the-art.

Public health is a central but often neglected component of veterinary education. German veterinary public health (VPH) education includes substantial theory-focused lectures, but practical case studies are often missing. To change this, we combined the advantages of case-based teaching and blended learning to teach these topics in a more practical and interactive way. Blended learning describes the combination of online and classroom-based teaching. With it, we created an interdisciplinary module for outbreak investigations and zoonoses, based on the epidemiology, food safety, and microbiology disciplines. We implemented this module within the veterinary curriculum of the seventh semester (in the clinical phase of the studies). In this study, we investigated the acceptance of this interdisciplinary approach and established a framework for the creation of interactive outbreak investigation cases that can serve as a basis for further cases. Over a period of 3 years, we created three interactive online cases and one interactive in-class case and observed the student-reported evaluation of the blended learning concept and self-assessed learning outcomes. Results show that 80% (75–89) of students evaluated the chosen combination of case-based and blended learning for interdisciplinary teaching positively and therefore accepted it well. Additionally, 76% (70–98) of students evaluated their self-assessed learning outcomes positively. Our results suggest that teaching VPH through interdisciplinary cases in a blended learning approach can increase the quality of teaching VPH topics. Moreover, it provides a framework to incorporate realistic interdisciplinary VPH cases into the curriculum.

E-learning sites are useful for improving the skills and awareness of the academic backbone, such as instructors, students, administrative staff, and those who are searching for current information about various educational institutes. Despite all the benefits of an online learning platform, users face some challenges and complexities, such as selecting appropriate learning material and courses based on their needs and preferences. Hence, the provision of quality resources during the training phases is their central responsibility, the lack of online assistance offered by service providers is known to be the key cause of many difficulties. There is a need to create a system that can intelligently propose courses while considering a variety of viewpoints to enhance the learners' skills and knowledge. This research proposes an architecture that builds semantic recommendations with the aid of virtual agents based on user requirements and preferences, assisting academia in seeking appropriate courses in a real-world setting. The experimental and statistical results show that, when compared with existing techniques, the virtualized agent-based recommendation system not only improved user learning skills but also made course selection easier, depending on users’ interests and preferences.

The Internet and 5G era makes e-learning a vital part of modern education, and extensive evidence has shown that peer teaching and flipped classroom contribute to increased success in medical teaching. However, the applicability of these pedagogies in laboratory courses remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the academic performance, proficiency in procedural skills, and perception of nursing students in physiology laboratory classes delivered with nontraditional classroom (NTC) pedagogies comprising the combination of e-learning, peer teaching, and flipped classroom. Each class was subdivided into two equal halves by successive student identification (ID) number and randomly assigned to the control or NTC group. Compared to the control class, NTC teaching significantly enhanced mean score of six preclass tests (67.77 ± 9.83 vs. 62.94 ± 9.70), with “B” graders increased obviously, suggesting that preclass e-learning was more effective than textbook-based preview, especially for general grasp of the topic. Similarly, average scores on postclass quizzes in the NTC group were improved (79.40 ± 9.12 vs. 74.43 ± 8.88). Lesser time cost and higher success rates were observed in trachea, artery, and heart catheterizations in the NTC group, although no disparities were found in ureteral intubation. The majority (∼74%) of students supported the reform and shared positive experiences with NTC methodology. They reported that virtual experiments and self-paced procedural skill videos affected pre- and in-class learning outcomes most, respectively. These findings indicated that NTC pedagogy was workable to improve students’ subject scores and proficiency in complicated and direct-viewing procedural skills and was favorable to students.

Despite its significant clinical use, there is no standardized point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) curriculum in undergraduate medical education. As Covid-19 abruptly mandated the use of virtual education, instructors were challenged to incorporate and improve POCUS education within these new constraints. It was hypothesized that integrating POCUS into anatomy via brief video lessons and a subsequent interactive virtual lesson would lead to an objective understanding of POCUS concepts, improved understanding of the corresponding anatomy, and subjective improvement of student confidence with POCUS. A cross-sectional descriptive study assessed first-year medical students' perspectives and performance before and after the interventions (n = 161). The intervention was split into two parts: (1) three optional 10-minute POCUS videos that reinforced anatomy concepts taught in the laboratory sessions, and (2) a subsequent two-hour interactive virtual session reviewing POCUS and anatomy concepts. Students completed a knowledge and confidence assessment tool before and after the interactive session. Survey responses (n = 51) indicated that 94% of students felt the optional videos improved their understanding of POCUS and were educationally valuable. One half of medical students (50%) indicated that the demonstrations improved their anatomy understanding. Initial self-reported confidence was low after the optional video lessons, despite an average score of 58% on the knowledge assessment (n = 130). However, confidence increased significantly along with an increase in score performance to 80% after the interactive session (n = 39, P 0.01). Results suggest that the virtual integration pilot enhanced student learning of both anatomy and POCUS.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic jeopardized the traditional academic learning calendars due to the closing of all educational institutions across the globe. To keep up with the flow of learning, most of the educational institutions shifted toward e-learning. However, the students’ e-learning preference and e-learning readiness did not identify, particularly among the Bangladeshi female nursing students, where those can pose serious challenges. A cross-sectional study was carried out among the female nursing students between December 26, 2020, and January 11, 2021. A total of 237 students were recruited who have enrolled in e-learning at least the last 30 days of the participation. Multivariable linear regression models were fitted to find the association of students’ preference, e-learning readiness domains, and other variables. Results A cross-sectional study was conducted among the female nursing students to assess perceived e-learning readiness in the subdomains of readiness; availability, technology use, self-confidence, acceptance and training. The findings of the study revealed that the prevalence of preference for e-learning was 43.46%. The students did not prefer e-learning compared to ‘prefer group’ has significantly less availability of technology (β = − 3.01, 95% CI − 4.46, − 1.56), less use of technology (β = − 3.08, 95% CI − 5.11, − 1.06), less self-confidence (β = − 4.50, 95% CI − 7.02, − 1.98), less acceptance (β = − 5.96, 95% CI − 7.76, − 4.16) and less training need (β = − 1.86, 95% CI − 2.67, − 1.06). The age, degree, residence, parents’ highest education, having a single room, and having any eye problems were significantly associated with the variation of availability of technology, use of technology, self-confidence, acceptance, and training need of e-learning. Conclusions The outcomes of the study could be helpful while developing an effective and productive e-learning infrastructure regarding the preparedness of nursing colleges for the continuation of academia in any adverse circumstances like the COVID-19 pandemic.

Geriatric oncology is based on the synergy between several professionals whose common goal is to improve care for older patients with cancer. This requires sharing a common core of knowledge to facilitate collaboration between them. To date, training in geriatric oncology has been limited in scope and difficult to access for caregivers, particularly nurses and healthcare aides. To meet this need, a massive open online course (MOOC), in geriatric oncology has been developed in France. This kind of course aims to provide simultaneous access for a large number of participants and to foster communication with the pedagogical team through discussion forums. The first session of the MOOC, which has been set up in the Occitania region of France, went online nationwide from March 6 to June 23, 2020. Despite the SARS CoV-2 global health crisis, 1020 people subscribed to the first session and 417 (40.9%) were certified at the end of the course. Most are nurses (35.2%) and work outside Occitania (56.3%). A survey revealed a high satisfaction level regarding relevance of lessons (97.9%), pedagogical quality of teaching team (97.9%), knowledge acquisition (93.6%), meeting learners' needs (90.4%) and practical value of the course (88.3%). This preliminary experience demonstrates the ability of this MOOC to spread the culture of geriatric oncology and the educational potential of this new type of online training.

Background Medical and pathology education has gone through an immense transformation from traditional face-to-face teaching mode to virtual mode during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study evaluated the effectiveness of online histopathology teaching in medical education during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic in Griffith University, Australia. Methods Second-year medical students (n = 150) who had previously completed one year of face-to-face histopathology teaching, completed an online questionnaire rating their learning experiences before and during the COVID-19 pandemic after the completion of their histology and pathology practical sessions. The students' histopathology assessment results were then compared to the histopathology results of a prior second-year cohort to determine if the switch to online histopathology teaching had an impact on students' learning outcome. Results A thematic analysis of the qualitative comments strongly indicated that online histopathology teaching was instrumental, more comfortable to engage in and better structured compared to face-to-face teaching. Compared to the previous year's practical assessment, individual performance was not significantly different (p = 0.30) and compared to the prior cohort completing the same curriculum the mean overall mark was significantly improved from 65.36% ± 13.12% to 75.83% ± 14.84% (p Conclusions The transformation of teaching methods during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic improved student engagement without any adverse effects on student learning outcomes in histology and pathology education.

The COVID-19 pandemic is pressing educational institutions across the globe to transfer rapidly from face-to-face learning to e-learning. However, e-learning has some multifaceted problems waiting to be solved and optimized. This study uses a survey questionnaire to collect research data. By integrating two predictors and four moderators into expectation-confirmation model, this article develops a causal research model and studies the continuance intention of using e-learning after the pandemic and how we can optimize online learning systems to benefit the traditional education systems in the long term. This article fills the literature gap of studies on IS continuance intention of e-learning from a problem-driven perspective. Based on the research results, this article suggests policy-makers and educators not only develop continuous training for both instructors and students on e-learning to enhance their ability and acceptance of e-learning systems but also build a more comprehensive technical environment to accelerate the adoption as well as to increase the continuance usage intention of e-learning systems. In addition, high-quality educational designs of e-learning that contain interaction mechanisms and customizations according to students’perceptions and attitudes toward e-learning are needed. We also call on scholars from around the globe to continue investigating the critical factors of e-learning adaptation and online educational environment optimization for proposing better solutions to counter crises similar to the COVID-19 pandemic in the future. IEEE

Purpose This study aims to explore the extent and types of E-Learning used, as method and tool, to support education for sustainable development (ESD); and to understand the coverage of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in massive open online courses (MOOCs). Design/methodology/approach The study extends the morphological box of ESD in higher education by nonformal and informal education, exploring the types of blended and online learning and adding the SDGs as a new criterion. The study subjects are Nordic UN Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME) members. Through content analysis and thematic coding of reports by higher education institutions (HEIs), different E-Learning methods are identified; furthermore, 30 MOOCs are analyzed. Findings HEIs apply a variety of blended and online learning to advance ESD for formal and nonformal education. The MOOCs offered by Nordic HEIs predominantly cover four SDGs (9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure; 13: Climate Action; 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities; and 16: Peace, Justice and strong Institutions), but there is nothing on SDG 2: No Hunger. That is in line with the Nordic countries’ status as developed economies, where these topics are often framed as political and societal priorities. Practical implications The study’s results suggest that to avoid overlaps and fill gaps in ESD, the offer of open online courses should be orchestrated. Furthermore, HEIs can use our method to analyze their E-Learning courses related to SDGs. Originality/value This study shows how business schools, especially Nordic UN PRME members, contribute to the SDGs by their MOOC coverage.

The suspension of face-to-face classes in universities and schools derived from the current health crisis related to Covid-19 has prompted a process of migration of academic activities to virtual environments. This has revealed a general lack of understanding in both the family and academic environments regarding the relationship between distance and virtual Education, generating tensions between families and educational institutions. This article presents some theoretical insights about Open Educational Practices (OEP) from an emerging perspective by revising their connections with Distance Education and E-learning. The current international discussion on OEP is mainly focused on technological integration and expanding free access to knowledge, while today’s inter-connected world requires more flexibility, sharing, collaborative feedback and autonomy in learning. A fresh perspective on Open Educational Practices based on the participation of students in crowd-based collaborative learning communities is proposed as an alternative to face in-house confinement context challenges.

The purpose of the article is to determine the factors affecting the satisfaction of Duy Tan University students for online learning during the acute respiratory infection caused by the new strain of Coronavirus (Covid-19). Based on survey, analysis, processing and evaluation of the obtained results, the article aims to focus the analysis within specific limits with the goal of honestly reflecting and thereby offering solutions for the effective use of online learning in the learning process of students. The results show that there are five factors affecting student satisfaction, in order of influence, as follows: (1) Tuition fees; (2) Teaching staff; (3) Interoperability; (4) Facilities and (5) Training programs. Based on these results, the Board of Directors of Duy Tan University will change several factors in order to improve student satisfaction in online learning in the near future.

Background/purpose: Global networking and e-learning courses are an effective strategy for sharing educational content and there is potential scope to use e-learning technology in dental education. Therefore, this study aimed to explicate the challenges encountered in international e-learning use and decipher optimum solutions for disseminating course/systems on an international scale. Materials and methods: An e-learning course with four computer-assisted simulation materials developed among international faculties was provided to dental undergraduates at dental schools in Japan and Vietnam in 2020. A post-questionnaire survey plus pre- and post-tests were conducted to obtain learners' feedback and assess the success of the course's implementation. Results: Altogether, 41 students participated, with a response rate of 78.8%. The mean post-test score was significantly higher than that of the pre-test (p

E-learning has been a trend of higher education. Accounting students need to know how to apply flexible learning methods as they are required to study and practise in a technological environment. Nevertheless, studies on e-learning based on cloud computing for accounting students in Vietnam are still limited. This study aims to find out factors affecting the behavioral intention, the direct influence of habits, the beneficiary motivation, and the favorable conditions for the acceptance of using elearning based on cloud computing. By using data collected from a survey of 696 students and applying the theory of adopting extended UTAUT model, the estimation results from the linear structure models show that there are six determinants of accounting students’ behavioral intention, in which the performance expectancy has the strongest impact, followed by effort expectancy, price value, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, and social influence. Additionally, our findings suggest that despite not affecting the behavioral intention to use e-learning, habits directly impact the application. The hedonic motivation and the facilitating conditions are found to have direct and significant impacts on the use of e-learning based on cloud computing.

Problem and goal. In Russian society, the simultaneous and mass transition to distance learning of educational organizations in March 2020 in connection with a new coronavirus infection caused a sharp discussion about the effectiveness and consequences of this format of training, as well as about the prospects for its use after the COVID-19 pandemic. In the current conditions, the education system is faced with the task of training specialists in the face of the uncertainty of the future and the accelerated digitalization of the economy. The purpose of the research is to analyze the main factors influencing the development and spread of distance learning in the coming years, as well as the possible short and long-term consequences of switching to distance learning in higher education institutions. Methodology. The analysis of the scientific literature and practical activities, as well as experienced teaching, was used in the study. Results. The content and form of education will significantly transform in the long term. Today the necessary digital competencies cannot be acquired within the framework of the traditional educational process (lectures, seminars, exams in oral form), without the systematic use of information technologies in the educational process. Information technologies will be in high demand by graduates and will allow them to be prepared for the practical use of IT in the workplace. In addition, it can significantly improve the effectiveness of training because it allows to implement an individual learning trajectory, personalize training, remove restrictions on the time and place of training, and increase the visibility and interactivity of the educational process. Conclusion. Online education, e-learning using distance learning technologies in the long term will meet the demand of students and society for training in an uncertain future. Thanks to information technologies, conditions are created for active cognitive and educational activities of students, individualization of training is provided, turning the student into an active and equal participant in the educational process, including by refusing to provide ready-made differentiated knowledge, which leads to the formation of the reproductive nature of thinking in students.

Students must have faith in open distance e-learning institutions' quality assurance methods if they are to have faith in them. The article looks into quality assurance and uses a qualitative approach to grasp the concept. To acquire information, a literature review was used. The discourse and practices about systematic quality assurance in open distance e-learning institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic had institutions panic throughout the world, resulting in market-based models associated with neoliberalism's ideology and policy and expressed in economic rationalities such as new public management, total quality management, public choice, and human capital to a large extent. Quality assurance in open distance e-learning aims to preserve and improve educational quality. In order to evaluate open distance e-learning, quality expectations and criteria must be made clear and public. Quality assurance is critical when it comes to open distance e-learning. The process of analysing, assessing, monitoring, ensuring, maintaining, and improving the quality of higher education systems and programs should be ongoing. As a result, relevant technologies can be utilized as pointers in undertaking quality assurance in open distance e-learning settings by relying on Donabedian processes.

Background: Electronic learning (E-learning) is the most suitable solution for academic universities to continue the education process during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic). Aim: This study aimed to assess the readiness and acceptance of maternity and community undergraduate nursing students for adopting E-learning during COVID-19 pandemic. Setting: This study was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University. Egypt. Subjects: A nonprobability purposive sample of 401 regular maternity and community undergraduate nursing students was enrolled in this study. Data collection tool: An online questionnaire was used to assess the general characteristics, readiness, and acceptance for adopting E-learning of the nursing students. Results: More than half (52.6%) of the students under the study were ready for adopting E- learning. Additionally, less than half (48.4%) of the students accepted E-learning. Conclusion: Around half of the studied students were ready and accept to adopt E-learning during COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations: Organizational investment for technological software, hardware, or license is essential to increase the acceptance and readiness rate of students at universities for adopting E-learning. Moreover, the development of training workshops to increase students’ skills in using technology for education is important.

Im heutigen digitalen Zeitalter ist die Technologie in allen Bereichen des Lebens unersetzbar. Auch bei der Vermittlung einer Fremdsprache wird nach und nach von den digitalen Medien profitiert. Die vorliegende Arbeit bezieht sich auf den Bedarf der Technologie für die Vermittlung Deutsch als Fremdsprache für Kinder und Jugendliche. E-Learning und M-Learning sind wichtige Begriffe des modernen Zeitalters und es gibt heutzutage viele mobile Applikationen, die das zeit- und ortsunabhängige Sprachenlernen ermöglichen. In dieser Untersuchung wird versucht festzustellen, wie weit die Sprachlern-Applikationen ausreichen, um eine Fremdsprache mit allen vier Fertigkeiten (Hören, Lesen, Schreiben, Sprechen) zu lernen und wie weit man sich eine Fremdsprache ohne eine systematische Schulung von Grammatik und Wortschatz seitens einer Lehrkraft aneignen kann. Diese Arbeit zielt darauf ab, durch den Vergleich zwei unterschiedlicher Applikationen, „Anton“ und „Fun Easy Learn“ einen Einblick zu gewähren. Um den Stellenwert dieser Applikationen für Deutsch als Fremdsprache festzustellen, wird eine qualitative Forschung durchgeführt und der Kriterienkatalog von Rösler et.al.(2002) für Internet-Lernmaterial in Betracht gezogen, wobei nicht nur die technischen Aspekte näher betrachtet werden, sondern auch die Sprachfertigkeiten wie Hören, Hör-Sehen, Lesen, Schreiben, Sprechen und die Lernbereiche wie Landeskunde, Grammatik, Wortschatz, Tests, Spiele und Aussprache.

This research aims to define the students' satisfaction level at Umm Al-Qura ‎University with the e-learning systems (Blackboard & D2L), in addition, it ‎investigates whether there are differences in the evaluation of Umm Al-Qura ‎University students for e-learning systems (Blackboard & D2L) due to the gender ‎variable (Male/ Female).‎ To achieve these goals, a descriptive analysis methodology used in this research, ‎the sample consisted of (513) students, (174) male, and (339) female at Umm Al-Qura ‎University in the the academic year 2019/2020. The sample were asked to complete a ‎‎5-point likert scale questionnaire to collect the required data. Validity and reliability of ‎the questionnaire were guaranteed. ‎ The results revealed that students are highly satisfied with the both of e-learning ‎systems (Blackboard & D2L). There is no statistically significant difference between ‎the average scores of males and females in the evaluation of the e-learning system ‎‎(Blackboard). There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of ‎males and females in the D2L system evaluation in favor of females

Introduction: Regular physical activity is very effective in preventing or delaying chronic diseases and premature death in the elderly. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of face-to-face education and e-learning methods on the physical activity of the elderly. Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted in Karaj, Iran in 2018. The participants were 88 elderly people referred to a senior rehab center and then were assigned into three groups of face-to-face education (n=30), e-learning (n=28), and control (n=30).The study data were collected by a demographic form and the 41-item community healthy activities program for seniors questionnaire (CHAMPS) before the intervention, 1 month after the intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Face-to-face education and e-learning were presented to the two educational groups’ during eight 20-minute sessions. The obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test, the Chi-square test, and repeated measures ANOVA. The significance level was set at0.05. Results: Between the two educational groups, a significant difference was observed in the mean score of physical activity at three measurement phases (P = 0.001).The effect size was 0.61 for face-to-face education and 0.64 for e-learning. Based on the results of the Bonferroni post hoc test, there was no significant difference between e-learning and face-to-face education groups. Conclusion: Both face-to-face and e-learning methods were effective in promoting the physical activity behavior of the elderly. E-learning method can be used as one of the complementary methods of traditional education for improving the physical activity of the elderly.

The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed education systems throughout the planet from traditional courses to online learning. Aim: this study aimed to explore the perception of university students toward the effectiveness of E- Learning during Covid-19 pandemic. Design: An exploratory descriptive research design was utilized to conduct this study. Subjects: by using stratified random sampling technique eight hundred and seventy-five (857) fourth year students were selected. Tools. Data was collected using an electronic questionnaire that consists of four parts: part I: Socio demographic characteristics of the students, Part II: perception of students towards E-learning via Microsoft Teams application, Part III: challenges facing the students and their suggestions to overcome them. Results: The rate of the student's agreement on the perceived usefulness, behavioral intention and perceived ease of use was (72.6%,64.7%,63.7%). The highest challenge reported by the students was cost of the internet (66.5%) followed by unavailability of the internet at home (56.8%), absence of collaboration between the students in the web-based class (44.2%) and limited technology skills of the students (40.8%).Conclusion. This study sheds the light on the challenges and factors affecting the perception of the college students towards E-learning as a newly adopted teaching strategy. So, it will assist to create an effective plan for E-learning successful implementation and view innovative technology as a good step to progress and evolution. Recommendations: use of offline downloadable learning materials would overcome the challenges related to the variable quality of internet access in the country.

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of online learning at SD 3 Wergu Wetan. This evaluative research uses the Stake model from the planning, implementation stages, and which is then linked to the online learning implementation guide from the Ministry of Education and Culture. Subjects were taken purposively consisting of principals, teachers, and students, as well as parents as measured by interviews, documentation, and observation. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results showed that in planning, the teacher emphasized the achievement of the main indicators, reading, writing, and arithmetic skills, using student worksheets. The implementation aspect, learning process uses WhatsApp, YouTube, and study groups. Parents and internet connections are critical success factors for online learning. Teachers need the training to create their own media. In the output aspect, the average score of students is good but students' abilities are not in accordance with the results achieved because the exam is done at home so that an online assessment is needed that students can do independently. Implementation of online learning has been going quite well and is included in the B category.

With the rapid spread of COVID-19 posing indefinite lockdowns globally with easy and cheap access to internet, e-learning tools are gaining popularity as a medium of learning. The area of e learning service quality is getting attention. The spate of conferences and webinars were conducted and many educational institutions have shifted from traditional means of teaching to online virtual classrooms. Many researchers previously suggested that acceptance of e-learning courses is influenced by perceived service quality. However, proper measurement e learning service quality is an issue which remains unaddressed. As far as higher education is concerned, the success, of this program shows varied results. There is a lack of studies especially in the area of student’s perception of e learning service quality in higher education context. The study also assesses the technological forced shifting in the area during covid 19. Therefore this study is initiated with a desire to assess e learning quality vis a vis student satisfaction through SERVQUAL model in higher education. In order to accomplish our objectives and in the light of extant literature review and discussion, the study utilizes adapted SERVQUAL scale. This study, Utilized a SERVQUAL Model for measuring e learning among higher education students. The study assesses unidimensionality through (CFA). Analysis was conducted to investigate the reliability and validity of the research scale, and the structural equation model (SEM) to examine the hypothesized model.

The study aims at analyzing and explain the influence of system quality, information quality, service quality to user satisfaction e-learning system in the Master of Accounting. Total population of this study were 451 students with a total sample of 82. The sampling technique using proportional random sampling. The analytical method used GSCA (Generalized Structured Component Analysis). The results showed that the system quality, information quality, and service quality significantly influence user satisfaction e-learning system. The better the perception of the quality system, the quality of information, and the quality of service it will further increase user satisfaction.

Problem and goal. The active introduction of e-learning and distance learning technologies in the educational process, the reform of traditional models of learning and education have become priority areas of reforms and initiatives in various national education systems in the 21st century. Given that public spending is the main source of funding for education in the OECD countries, assessing the economic impact of implementing a digital educational environment at different levels of education under pressure on public budgets has become a key issue for national governments and educational organizations, as well as the subject of special research. In Russian practice assessment of the economic effect of the full-scale use of e-learning and distance learning technologies in the implementation of educational programs of secondary professional (training of middle-level specialists) and higher education have not yet been carried out. For these purposes, a methodology has been developed, which, however, needs to be tested. Results. The study identified a list of costs required to ensure the full use of e-learning and distance educational technologies in realization of educational programs of secondary vocational (training of mid-level professionals) and higher (including graduate school) education; the methodlogy for assessing the economic effect of these measures is justified, and calculations are made based on this methodology. Conclusion. The developed methodology has shown its effectiveness and needs further research and quantitative analysis.

The current learning process is carried out online with the help of e-learning. This certainly changes the pattern of learning and this pattern requires students to be more independent in the learning process. This study aims to compare the effect of using e-learning on the learning independence of prospective teachers in the exact field of exact sciences with the social and humanities field at Universitas Samawa. Respondents in this study amounted to 62 students from five study programs under the auspices of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. Respondents were divided into two based on the specifications of the fields of science, exact sciences, and social humanities. The data collection technique used observation technique with the tool used in the form of a Likert scale questionnaire. The results showed that in general, student-teacher candidates in the field of social humanities obtained a higher score of learning independence than prospective students in the field of exact sciences, while based on each indicator of learning independence, prospective students in the field of exact sciences teachers were higher than prospective students in the field of social humanities specifically on disciplinary indicators. The results of the influence test show that the significant value is greater than 0.05. So, it can be concluded that the use of e-learning during the covid-19 pandemic does not significantly affect the learning independence of prospective teacher students at Universitas Samawa

Background Patient education is integral to the treatment and care of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, change is taking place in the organization of health care systems because of a demographic shift toward aging populations and advancements in digital technologies, allowing for new interventions. However, evidence on how to provide web-based patient education within arthritis is limited. Objective This study aimed to develop an e-learning education program targeting patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods The development involved content specification and creative design with contributions from the investigators, patient research partners, and experts in communication, digital design, and e-learning. It was theoretically framed within theories of self-management and behavior change, multimedia learning, and entertainment education and empirically based on the evidence of patient education in rheumatoid arthritis and focus group discussions with patients, nurses, and rheumatologists. Finally, we conducted a feasibility test among 10 patients to assess the acceptability and usability of the program to identify areas to be adjusted. Results The 5 following themes for educational needs were found in focus group discussions: “Knowledge of rheumatoid arthritis,” “The disease course and prognosis,” “Medical treatment,” “A new life situation,” and “Daily life with rheumatoid arthritis.” Based on these themes, a didactic and entertaining e-learning program with a simple user interface was created. It consists of 3 modules covering the disease course, examinations, treatment, and daily life with rheumatoid arthritis. It combines animations, videos, podcasts, text, speech, and tests. The patients who tested the program found it to be feasible—that is, clear in content and easy to understand with a suitable pace and coherence between graphics, speech, and text. Conclusions This e-learning program is based on solid theoretical knowledge that meets users’ needs and is easy to use. Our study describes possible elements integrated in the development of web-based educational tools that can guide future development processes.

In December 2019, Wuhan, China, experienced an unidentified viral pandemic of pneumonia. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the finding of a new corona virus, SARS-Cov-2, on January 9, 2020. In the Covid-19 pandemic situation education sector has faced enormous provocations. More than 200 countries across the world have been distressed with the covid-19. Conforming to UNESCO, above 32 crore Indian students have been concerned by the covid-19 led lockdown. Following the shake of Covid-19, HonorablePrime Minister of India Sri.Narendra Modi declared a lockdown beginning on March 25, 2020 and lasting until May 31, 2020. This lockdown has severely disrupted India's education sector, forcing students and faculty to remain at home and continue their education online. The Commissioner of Collegiate Education in Telangana State formally began Online Classes during the Lockdown period. The present paper is an attempt to a comparative study and analyzes the Satisfaction level of Degree students on online classes during covid 19 situation of Rural and Urban area in Bhadradri Kothagudem district, Telangana State. It also aims to investigate the students' opinions and issues encountered during online classes. The Online survey was carried out with the help of Google Form send to students’ through e-mail and WhatsApp and collected responses from about 140 Degree students of Government and Private colleges in Bhadradri district, Telangana State. It demonstrates that the majority of students attending to online classes using smart phones with Android operating systems. For e-learning, the majority of students have used the Zoom online platform. Students have experienced a variety of issues, including Live streaming and Audio disruptions, insufficient data, power outages, lack of clarity in lectures, missing face-to-face connection, and a general lack of enthusiasm. During this Covid-19 circumstance, students from rural areas have had a difficult time accessing online lectures and study materials.

The current qualitative study aims at exploring and analyzing in a descriptive way the impact of e-learning on different interactions forms in French virtual class in order to strengthen the students’ engagement in this type of class. The problem that we encounter when it comes to French virtual class is the lack of spontaneous and active interactions which could negatively affect the learning process. The study was based on data collected from structured observations conducted throughout the 2nd semester 2020/2021. The results show that the general interaction rate is unsatisfactory; especially the peers’ interaction rate which is the worst. To enhance the virtual class interactions, some tips and practices have been recommended. A further study may help to identify the factors that affect the interactions in virtual class.

The COVID-19 emergency period changed the education system in Indonesia in a very short time, requiring every student to study remotely. Of course this encourages teachers to innovate and policy makers in this case the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia to make adjustments during the COVID-19 pandemic by changing some rules by issuing circular letter number 2 of 2020 regarding the prevention and handling of COVID-19 in the environment. Ministry of Education and Culture, as well as circular letter number 3 of 2020 regarding the prevention of COVID-19 in education units. The readiness of schools in implementing distance learning received various positive and negative responses from various elements of society. The readiness of teachers in the implementation of online education has not been maximized, this is due to the lack of knowledge in the field of Information Technology. Therefore, to support government policies in implementing distance learning and minimizing the spread of the COVID-19 virus, teachers need to be equipped with e-learning implementation. Teachers are expected to be able to compile learning materials using online e-learning using the Edmodo platform so that teachers are not only fixated on one learning model using conventional models

Dalam diskusi ini mengambil topik mengenai pembelajaran E-Learning di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan berbasis Pariwisata. Menerapkan berbagai model pembelajaran E-Learning seperti Cloud-based E-Learning, E-Learning Readliness, UML Unifield Modeling Language. Menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dan Teknik pengumpulan data berbentuk SLR (Systematic Literatur Riview) dari beberapa artikel yang terkumpul menjadi satu dalam penulisan artikel ini. Adapun tujuan dari dibuatnya tulisan ini untuk pengembangan pembejaran di sekolah dan melahirkan peserta didik yang handal dalam teknologi sehingga mampu bersaing di dunia kerja khususnya dalam bidang pariwisata.

This current research aimed at investigate the effectiveness of the e-learning system (the future portal) in developing the academic achievement of chemistry for second-grade secondary school students in Jeddah, and the research followed the experimental approach. The tool consisted in following an e-learning system using the electronic future gate system that was applied to an experimental group of (50) female students, against a control group of (50) students who studied using the traditional method. The study sample was randomly selected The results of the post-test showed that there are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α≤0.05) between the experimental group and got a total mean (40.38 out of 50) and the control group and got a total mean (36.82 out of 50), and the difference is in favor of the experimental. This indicates that the method of teaching using e-learning (the gate of the future) has improved and promoted academic achievement in chemistry for second-grade secondary students in Jeddah., and the research came out with a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to adopt the use of the electronic learning system (the future gate) in teaching chemistry to students, due to its effectiveness and benefit in developing their academic achievement.

This study aims to determine the effect of Edmodo-based e-learning media on student learning outcomes in the subjects of banking basics class X Accounting at SMK Negeri 42 Jakarta. The research method used is a quasi-experimental method with a research design post-test only control design. The samples taken were class X Accounting 2 as the experimental class and X Accounting 1 as the control class with 36 students each. The instrument used is a test. The test results data were analyzed by normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis testing. The results of the normality test showed that the experimental class obtained Lcount (0.113) < Ltable (0.147) this means the data is normally distributed and in the control class obtained Lcount (0.101) < Ltable (0.147) this means the data is normally distributed. The homogeneity test shows that Fcount (1.22) < Ftable (1.76) then the data used is homogeneous. The results of hypothesis testing state that tcount (13.79) < ttable (1.66) this means that there is an influence of Edmodo-based e-learning learning media on the learning outcomes of students of class X accounting expertise competence at SMK Negeri 42 Jakarta Keywords: Learning Media, Learning Edmodo, Instructional Media E-Learning

This article responds to themes in this special Covid-19 edition of the Journal of Education. It specifically concentrates on online digital technology as one of the core dimensions of education's pandemic-related response. As the default mode of teaching during the pandemic, Online Emergency Remote Teaching evoked contentious responses about the future directions of education in a post-Covid world. The article is an attempt to shed light on the role of digital technology in education. We present an argument that supports an ‘e-learning ecologies’ approach to pedagogy to inform teaching and learning in institutional context. We argue that a reflexive pedagogy-led response to digital technology holds promise for creating a productive educational platform to promote students’ critical epistemic engagement to secure viable futures. Keywords: Post-Covid pandemic, digital technology, e-learning ecologies, reflexive pedagogy, design-based learning

The research is devoted to the study of the forced and accelerated transition of education to an online environment on the example of learning a foreign language. Despite a large number of studies on e-learning, this study is one of the newest investigating recent education transformation trends. The ultimate goal of this paper was to study changes in students’ assessments of the e-learning process, participation in online-based education, and academic success during the transition to virtual training. The study involved 600 students from 5 private specialized educational institutions located in Moscow (Russian Federation) who were forced to switch to e-learning during the lockdown. The examination was conducted by means of a survey assessing the usefulness, comfort, and acceptability of e-learning in three isolated questions formulated by the authors and measured on a five-point Likert scale. The comparison of its outcomes with the results of objective knowledge tests at the beginning and at the end of the three-month e-learning period revealed the following outcomes. First of all, a decrease in the assessment of the acceptability of continuing e-learning for both genders was noted. According to female respondents, the assessment of the comfort of e-learning decreased significantly (from 3.70 to 3.14 points). In the meantime, the usefulness score dropped notably for both male and female research participants (from 4.10 to 2.98 and from 3.80 to 2.26, respectively). Similar changes were found in four age categories ranging from 20 to 42 years old. Thus, the participants over 30 demonstrated lower final scores. Academic success also decreased in the group of men compared to the group of women. The findings of this study can be practically applied for the further transformation of educational programs and additional preparation of educators with the aim of facilitating learning transition to an online mode. Future research on the topic can be conducted in other regions of the world to obtain more comparative data and investigate different learners’ perceptions.

ZusammenfassungAm 14.03.2020 wurde eine erste bayernweite Ausgangsbeschränkung verhängt und der Hochschullehrbetrieb in seiner bekannten Form drastisch eingeschränkt. Für Intensivmediziner und Anästhesisten ergab sich vielerorts durch die außergewöhnliche Inanspruchnahme bei der Behandlung kritisch kranker Patienten und die Neustrukturierung und Aufrechterhaltung des Lehrbetriebs ein besonderes Spannungsfeld. Wir berichten über die Neuausrichtung des Seminars Anästhesie in einem online abgehaltenen Flipped Classroom und die Entwicklung hin zu einem Hybridmodell. Es konnte so unter schwierigen Rahmenbedingungen eine gleichwertige Wissensvermittlung gewährleistet und gleichzeitig das Lehrkonzept weiterentwickelt werden.

This article focuses on the implementation of the national programme "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation" and the federal project "Human Resources for the Digital Economy" in the organisation of the mining and metallurgical complex. The object of the study is e-learning systems. The subject of the study is the processes of using e-learning systems in the organization-basis of the study relating to the mining and metallurgical complex in Russia. The aim of the work is to develop recommendations for the management of organizations that are going to implement distance learning technology in the educational processes of staff. The methodology of the study includes a survey of employees of the organisation under study on the attitude and quality of training in an e-learning system. The experience of personnel training in enterprises with the help of different information systems is considered. The focus is on the analysis of the use of the training and control system "Olympox" in the organisation of the mining and metallurgy industry. The results of an employee survey are given to find out their attitude to the introduction of an electronic learning information system and to the organization of training processes in it. Recommendations on the improvement of information training systems used for personnel assessment and development are offered. Based on the results of the study, it was determined that the quality of personnel development depends on the competent combination of training in a face-to-face format with technology that allows you to practice theory in the form of tests and open questions and practice in the form of cases and exercises to practice working situations in conditions as close to the real.

During the global pandemic, e-learning became even more popular and used by many educational institutions worldwide to facilitate the students' learning process. Students can easily get the related materials and resources from e-learning. This research intends to examine the level of students’ satisfaction with e-learning and their learning experiences during the global pandemic. The quantitative research method was carried out using a questionnaire survey and online research. A total of 150 students from different institutions in India and Malaysia have participated in the survey. The survey was carried out through Google Form and the data were exported to be analyzed using SPSS. The results showed that most of the students were satisfied with e-learning and how it helped them in their studies. The results of this study indicated that convenience flexibility was significantly related to students’ learning experiences.

In the unprecedented times today, brought about by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic globally, the education sector has been affected, just like the other industries. Many educational institutes have shut down and suspended traditional physical classroom activities. There has been a shift to the online mode of teaching-learning or ‘e-learning’, which is a web-based digital system that incorporates innovative ICT for facilitating interactive and learner-centered learning environment. In this work, the strengths, drawbacks, and opportunities offered by various popular online educational platforms are explored and compared. Furthermore, data is collected from teachers and students across different courses from various colleges in Delhi through surveys, with questions pertaining to their perspectives and experiences with respect to online educational platforms. Their responses were analyzed statistically and based on the analysis, suggestions, and recommendations have been made, which can contribute implementation and growth of e-learning methods in the future.

Background: Research scoping on e-learning and novel web 2.0 tools in pharmacy education in Arabic Language Speaking Countries (ALSCs) is scarce. Aim and methods: Therefore, this study aimed to develop an online educational course on generic medicines to reveal the views of Arab pharmacists and pharmacy students about emerging technologies in transferring pharmaceutical knowledge and assess the differences in knowledge scores before and after the online educational intervention and the differences in knowledge scores among study subgroups. Results: The total mean knowledge score after attending the online educational intervention significantly increased, from 4.9±1.68 to 7.75±1.75 (t(86) = 4.6, p

Despite the growing use of chemotherapy drugs in resource-constrained settings, training opportunities on safe handling practices are lacking. This study’s objectives were to develop and evaluate an e-learning training module on the safe handling of chemotherapy drugs to strengthen knowledge and practices in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The module’s curriculum was developed using the Six-Step Approach for Curriculum Development for Medical Education. Asynchronous, self-paced, e-learning lessons within the module were created and uploaded onto a free online platform, Pharm-Ed. The study ran online from January to April 2021. Participant recruitment was done using convenience sampling through various channels (social media, communities of practice). Training module effectiveness was evaluated using knowledge assessments (a pre-test and post-test study design) and participant satisfaction. We developed a comprehensive e-learning module on the safe handling of chemotherapy drugs comprising 11 asynchronous, self-paced, e-learning lessons. Eighty-two participants (68% pharmacists and 17% pharmacy students) from 17 countries completed at least one lesson, with a total of 259 lessons completed. Evaluation of the different lessons showed significant improvements in theoretical knowledge (p

The occurrence of the Covid-19 outbreak requires the implementation of distance learning by implementing a learning system such as e-learning. There must be problems during the learning process using e-learning. The purpose of the research is to describe the problems of e-learning during the Covid-19 pandemic for class X students at SMAN 1 Keruak. The population in this study was all students in the class of X IPA SMAN 1 Keruak which are divided into 4 classes with a total of 120 people. The sample was taken randomly. The research method used is descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. The results of research in e-learning were carried out in 3 stages, namely learning planning, learning process and evaluation, which showed that students experienced difficulties in the e-learning learning process during Covid-19 pandemic regarding to the readiness of educational institution, internet connection, internet packages, inadequate devices, and obstacles to understand the material. During the process of implementing e-learning, students experienced difficulties with a highest percentage of 78%. Based on these results, it can be stated that students experience difficulties in the e-learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic regarding to facilities and infrastructure.

This study investigates the relationship between technology, content, responsiveness, usability, and outcomes of public corporate asynchronous e-learning. PLS-SEM was used to analyze the data of 1097 valid questionnaires collected electronically. Results indicate that positive student perceptions on (1) technology can positively influence their perceptions about the constructs and on (2) content, responsiveness and usability can positively and directly impact the perception of results. These impacts may increase the willingness to reuse the system, thus helping to reduce evasion. The new model deepens the understanding of the factors linked to inefficiency and helps in pointing directions for improving e-learning courses and environments.

During the period of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the boundaries between the home and the school as study spaces were blurred. School studies entered the home, with the parents present and observing their children’s e-lessons and the teachers’ teaching methods. The purpose of the current study was to explore the explicit and implicit attitudes of the lesson partners: teachers, parents, and students, to e-learning. The study explores whether and to what degree the attitudes of teachers, students, and parents to e-teaching are compatible, and what are the implications for the future. The study shows that although in recent years the relationships between parents and the school and between teachers and students have waned, with regard to the separation of authorities between the home and school, the period of the COVID-19 crisis clarified the need to enhance the relationship and cooperation between the home and the school as two meaningful study spaces for independent learners. The research findings raise the paradox that not only does technology not increase the distance rather it has the potential to strengthen the relationships between parents, teachers, and the school. The study points to the need to prepare holistic guidance sessions and professional development courses.

Nowadays, the acquisition of innovative approaches and techniques that use the Internet is one of the main goals for the development of higher medical education in Ukraine. Blending learning is an effective way to gain knowledge in medicine and such kind of education is carried out through educational programs and curriculum and was approved for each department by the scientific council of the university. This paper describes the effectiveness of blending learning in the preparation of medical students in Ukraine. The authors designed a course “Medical English for Specific Purpose” and implemented it into the educational process. From this research, it can be concluded that blending learning is an integral part of modern education with the ability to use collaborative and critical thinking skills. In such kind of education, the role of a teacher changes to the facilitator who involves and stimulates students to go through real problem solving and meaningful lifelong learning experiences.

The research conducted to assess the impact of e-Learning on the teaching and learning management in primary education in Rwanda. The researcher must test the validity of the learning using expert validation sheet instruments and limited testing using observation sheets, interview guides, questionnaires and documentation as the main instruments. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis techniques. E-learning is able to generate a high attractiveness and high learning motivation for the students. respondents to give their level of agreement to the statements relate to factors to that influence e-learning teaching management materials, it was revealed that 47.9% strongly agree that there is management of eLearning in their respective schools, 35.4% agree with the statement and 16.7% disagree that in Management of eLearning in your school with mean of 4.58 and a standard deviation of 0.43. Learner’s perspective on learning using e-learning, E-Learning teaching materials, Teacher perspective on teaching using e-Learning. (F=7.761, p value =0.000) shows that there is a significant relationship between p existing Learner’s perspective on learning using e-learning, E-Learning teaching materials, Learner’s perspective on learning using e-learning.at least one of the slope is not zero. Key words: E-learning, Learning Materials, Management of Primary Education.