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The article provides a scientific justification for the relevance of studying emotional distress of adolescents from dysfunctional families. The social significance of the topic is noted: the emotional distress of adolescent children not only makes unhappy themselves, but also reduces the level of social health of the family and the whole society, affecting social security. The purpose of the research is a theoretical analysis of sources of scientific information which, presumably, can form a methodological basis for studying family predictors of the adolescent emotional distress. The material in the article is presented in accordance with four research questions concerning the formulation of this scientific problem, its current state in domestic and foreign social psychology, and its poorly studied aspects. The definition of the concept of the emotional distress is clarified, its similarity to the concept of emotional modality is shown; the already established features of the emotional sphere of adolescent children are noted. It is concluded that by now there are prerequisites for studying families with adolescents simultaneously from the standpoint of socio-psychological and systemic approaches. A model of empirical research of the family predictors of the emotional distress of adolescents from dysfunctional families is proposed. The prospects of practical application of the study results are outlined.

Individuals from dysfunctional family have various risks of mental health deterioration including depression. To solve this family problem actually it is the best to conduct family therapy to the family. But unfortunately not all dysfunctional family are willing to cooperate in family therapy. Therefore individual therapy is considered important to protect individual of dysfunctional family from depression. The aim of this research is to examine the effectivity of Gratitude Cognitive Behavior Therapy in reducing depressive simptoms in individuals from dysfunctional family. Method used in this research is single case quasy experiment with A-B-A design. Findings from this research tells us that G-CBT is efective in reducing depression in individuals from dysfunctional family. Participants get some positive effect of this intervention including wider perspective, ability to see other points of view, appreciate every positive little thing, acknowlede one’s strenght, and increase sense of gratitude to God.

Individuals from dysfunctional families have various risks of mental health deterioration including depression. The best way to solve this problem is by conducting family therapy for all members of the family. Unfortunately, some members of dysfunctional families might not be willing to cooperate in family therapy. Therefore, individual therapy is incorporated as an alternative way to protect individuals of dysfunctional families from depression. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of Gratitude Cognitive Behavior Therapy in reducing depression symptoms in individuals from dysfunctional families. Three female participants contributed to this study. All of them met the criteria of 8-25 years old, came from a dysfunctional family, had mild or moderate depression, and did not have any psychological therapy. The method used in this study is an A-B-A single-subject design. Data in this study were analyzed with a visual inspection technique. Findings from this study demonstrated that G-CBT is effective in reducing depression in three participants from dysfunctional families. Participants received some degree of positive affect following this intervention including a wider perspective, the ability to see other points of view, appreciate every positive little thing, acknowledge one’s strength, and an increased gratitude to God. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses the educational and professional aspirations and self-esteem of adolescents, taking into account the analysis of conducted research. The considerations refer to aspirations and self-esteem in the context of human functioning in a dysfunctional family. The study was conducted among a group of 126 elementary school pupils. The research problem was contained in the question: Is there, and if so, what is, a relationship between the educational aspirations (dependent variable) of pupils graduating from elementary school and their self-esteem (independent variable)? A diagnostic survey method using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the author’s aspirations questionnaire were used. The research confirmed that there is a relationship between high educational and professional aspirations and high self-esteem results, and between low aspirations and low self-esteem. Referring to Mellody’s concept, attention was paid to the children’s natural trait – worthiness, which in a dysfunctional family improperly shapes children’s self-esteem, affecting their quality of life and aspirations in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Family Upbringing / Wychowanie w Rodzinie is the property of Family Upbringing Editorial Board / Redakcja czasopisma Wychowanie w Rodzinie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The relevance of the research is conditioned upon the rapid spread of the problem of codependency, which has a destructive impact on the psychological state, and social and personal development of a person. The purpose of the research is to determine the psychological traits of codependent women in the period of midlife crisis. The research methodology is based on the methods of critical analysis, synthesis and generalisation of scientific and methodological literature. In the course of the study, the concept of codependence is defined, and the factors of its development are identified. It has been established that the main factor that becomes a prerequisite for the emergence of codependency is upbringing in a dysfunctional family. The psychological features of women’s codependency and their manifestations are described. It has been established that codependent women are characterised by low self-esteem, a desire to control others, using psychological defence mechanisms, self-sacrifice, and caring for others, forgetting about their own needs and feelings. The author analyses the midlife crisis as a factor of personality transformation and a period with a high opportunity to free oneself from codependency. It is determined that during a midlife crisis, a person tries to reassess their life, achievements, and behavioural patterns. The author argues that the midlife crisis can have both destructive consequences, including the loss of the meaning of life, and constructive ones, which are manifested in the discovery of new meanings. The results of the scientific research are designed to generalise theoretical data on the problem of codependency and identify the psychological traits of codependent women. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the systematisation of scientific approaches to the study of codependent personality and the identification of psychological traits of codependent women in the period of midlife crisis.

Family occupies a central position in (neo-)Victorian fiction. Yet, the ideal nuclear family myth is often contested, since this institution tends to be portrayed as dysfunctional, broken and oppressive. By contrast, alternative reconfigurations of the heteronormative household in neo-Victorianism encourage an empathic and tolerant engagement to both Victorian and contemporary eccentric family models. The Netflix original series The Irregulars (2021) follows this pattern by placing a gang of Othered outcasts rejected by their families at the centre of the narrative. In this article, I analyse how the series subverts the traditional conceptualization of the Victorian family and proposes, instead, an alternative concept of community: the neo-Victorian family of choice.

Tennessee Williams is considered to be one of the three most renowned American dramatists of the twentieth century as well as one of the most distinguished playwrights in the history of American drama. Being a Southern writer, his plays are undoubtedly dominated by his personal experience and social realities of the modern materialistic world which established new norms and values. His plays are metaphorical illustrations of the clash between the Old and the New South, and most of them depict the traditional themes of Old South versus New South, agricultural versus urban society, and aristocrats versus nouveau riche. The new materialistic and utilitarian age evaluated people based on their resourcefulness, the ability to sell themselves profitably and their financial success, which intensified the feeling of society as threat, anxiety, insecurity and alienation, especially after the World War II. Lacking characteristics necessary for success, Williams’ characters are the castaways of society, trapped by circumstances and unadapted to life in the contemporary world. This accounts for another major theme of his plays – the conflict between reality and the world of illusion into which his characters retreat in a futile attempt to escape from the harsh reality of life. The aim of this paper is to analyze the theme of conflict between reality and illusion in Williams’ masterpiece The Glass Menagerie. Williams depicts characters who, having failed to adjust, attempt to escape cruel reality and suffering by seeking shelter and solace in their illusory worlds. These illusory worlds take a variety of forms. They retreat into romanticized past or into the artificial world of glass figurines, or indulge in art and frivolous pleasures. However, as it appears, the world of illusion can only offer transient comfort and protection, as clashes with implacable reality of the contemporary American society are inevitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intergenerational psychosocial transformation functions in two opposite directions, "intergenerational development" and "intergenerational fossilization", and the main factor in this dynamic process is family dynamics and child-rearing styles. In psychosocial terms, every family can teach their children compassion, loyalty, honesty and strategies to effectively cope with traumatic experiences, on the other hand, they can traumatize and dissociate their children with their violence-oriented and unempathetic negative child-rearing styles, which they use as a punishment tool. Family psychopathologies show a negative relationship with "intergenerational development" and a positive relationship with "intergenerational transmission of trauma" and "intergenerational transfer of psychopathology", that is, the "intergenerational fossilization". In a wide space from normality to psychopathology, family dynamics and communication patterns are discussed in three categories: "normal family model", "dysfunctional family model" and "pathological family model". From past to present, traumatic experiences and negative child-rearing styles have been used in all nations of the world to both put oppression on and control individuals and societies. Because individuals and societies, by dissociating the people and masses they traumatized and psychopathologized, are able to control and manage more easily. In this context, intergenerational traumatic and psychopathological experiences are transmitted to the next generation at similar rates by people living in the same age in a revictimization cycle. The natural and guiding parenting style, developed by Ozturk, is structured both as a functional family model focused on psychosocial development and as a long-term prevention strategy against childhood traumas and closely related dissociative disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder. In this study, the "dysfunctional generation" defined by Ozturk and dysfunctional family models, dysfunctional family dynamics and dysfunctional communication patterns are discussed in detail. [Med-Science 2022; 11(2.000): 886-904]

Children brought up in dysfunctional families constitute a category of people at risk of marginalization. Due to their physical and mental immaturity, they are protected in accordance with Polish and international law, while the state offers them foster care. In the social welfare system, it is assumed that children should be placed primarily in family forms of care, and ultimately in foster care institutions. The achievement is the fact that 77.6% of orphaned children go to family care, and only 22.4% to institutional care. In both forms, higher and higher standards of work with children are developed, thanks to which they are better prepared for independent living, and working with families contributes to the return of some of the pupils to their natural families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Warmińskie is the property of University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research was intended to analyze relationship between borderline personality traits, dysfunctional family and risk-taking behaviors in prison inmates, and gender differences across all study variables. A non-probability purposive sample of 80 participants aged 18 to 55 years (49 men and 31 women) including under trial and convicted prisoners was collected from District Jail (Camp Jail) and Central Jail (Kot Lakh Pat Jail) Lahore. The measures used were McLean Screening Instrument for BPD, Index for Family Relations Scale (IFR), and Risky, Impulsive, and Self-Destructive Behavior Questionnaire(RISQ). It was concluded that borderline personality traits and dysfunctional family life were positively related to risk-taking behaviors and foresaw risky behaviors in prisoners. In terms of gender differences, men prisoners were more inclined towards risk-taking behaviors than women prisoners. Implications of this research and their usage for future researchwere also highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Annals of the 'Al. I. Cuza' University, Iasi. Sociology & Social Work / Analele Stiintifice ale Universitatii 'Al. I. Cuza' Iasi Sociologie si Asistenta Sociala is the property of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The nuclear family consolidated its social status as the institution upholding the national, capitalist and moral values of Western societies in the long nineteenth century (Kohlke and Gutleben 2010, 1). Consequently, neo-Victorian literary and screen texts often try to challenge the idealised conceptualization of this institution by bringing to the fore its potential dysfunctionalities, such as monstrous or negligent parents, domestic violence, incest or adultery. This is the case of the TV series Taboo (2017-), which portrays a dysfunctional family whose foundations are based on colonialism, patriarchal violence and Oedipal relations. In this article, I examine Taboo as a neo-Victorian narrative of family trauma, which foregrounds and criticizes gendered violence, a phenomenon that was silenced in nineteenth-century literary and historical records (Lawson and Shakinovsky 2012a, 1). Moreover, I also scrutinise the incest trope, following Llewellyn's three-fold approach (2010), based on a triangulation between ethics, aesthetics and psychoanalysis. Finally, I consider how Taboo reproduces the most characteristic traits of nineteenth-century adultery novels, so as to expose the sexual dissatisfaction of its female protagonist, Zilpha Delaney, and her desire to escape from her abusive and oppressive husband. As I show in this article, Taboo manages to disrupt the myth of the nuclear family as a natural and indisputable moralising institution. Likewise, at first, the series shows potential feminist and post-colonial drives, as it attempts to denounce nineteenth-century imperialist and misogynistic ideologies within the family. However, Taboo fails to grant its heroine independence and female empowerment in the end. This is so because it replicates the ending of nineteenth-century adultery novels, where the adulterous wife committed suicide after being rejected by her lover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adab Al-Kufa is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When analyzing the social maladjustment of contemporary youth, it is necessary to diagnose their family situation. In the search for current conditions of child's adaptation disorders, it is necessary to analyze both contemporary macrosocial social problems, axiological changes in the process of upbringing and socialization, as well as microsocial concepts of upbringing in the family. This article analyzes parental attitudes that may cause adaptation disorders in contemporary youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Рост требований к современному педагогу диктует, чтобы на этапе профессионального обучения студенты имели возможность погружаться в педагогическую реальность и в ней формировать необходимые профессиональные компетенции. Такое погружение позволит не только повысить качество подготовки педагога, но и внести изменения в «традиционное» вузовское обучение, обеспечить необходимую практикоориентированность профессионального образования. Цель исследования – выявить изменения в формировании профессиональных компетенций студентов, участвующих в проекте «Семейный тьютор». Изменения выявлялись в ходе анкетирования, самооценки и интервьюирования студентов. Материалом исследования послужили данные проекта «Семейный тьютор», поддержанного Фондом Тимченко и реализуемого в течение 2019–2021 гг. на базе ФГБОУ ВО «Глазовский государственный педагогический институт имени В. Г. Короленко». В ходе исследования при помощи листа самооценки и анкетирования был выявлен рост уровня сформированности профессиональных компетенций студентов-тьюторов. Для определения факторов роста со студентами было проведено интервью. Оно показало, что рост профессиональных компетенций в основном определяется регулярным общением с ребенком и родителями, участниками проекта, участием в проведении диагностических мероприятий по выявлению личностных проблем ребенка, осуществлением комплексного анализа факторов, в том числе связанных с психологическим здоровьем, ведущих к появлению рисков, во взаимоотношениях педагога, ребенка, семьи и пр. На основе выявленных факторов внесены корректировки в «традиционный» образовательный процесс. Исследование показало, что участие студентов в проекте способствует формированию профессиональных компетенций, позволяет получить студентами-тьюторами опыт профессиональной деятельности непосредственно в реальных условиях и, соответственно, повысить практикоориентированность образования.

The purpose of this work is to develop models of resilient schools, both positive and negative. This study is based on the methodological principles of interdisciplinarity and consistency. The process of identifying models of resilient schools took place in two stages: 1) searching databases for examples confirming the existence of “successful” schools in difficult socio-economic conditions, and 2) analysis of interviews and survey results of teachers, students, and parents. Results show that the proposed classification of models of resilient schools was clarified. The remaining uncertainty regarding the issue of the existence of resilient schools is resolved through the inclusion into the sphere of pedagogical analysis of non-social objects such as actors of educational interaction. It is shown that adverse social conditions (from the standpoint of the school and universal values) in reality seem to be the most likely life futurity for children from dysfunctional families. Changing this futurity to a more positive one requires a specific education in a resilient school, which differs from other schools in its educational strategy. The paper defines the school strategies determining qualitatively different models of resilient educational organizations. Five such models are proposed, based on the principles of resonant interaction oriented to supporting positive and blocking negative educational fluctuations of schoolchildren, compensatory interactions, calling for the creation in the school of specific conditions neutralizing the effects of the adverse environment, development of personal resilience of pupils as a meta-competency, and integration of all previous models into a single educational system. The integrative model can be considered as the highest level of school resilience, achieved by the gradual development of the previous models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Theology & Morality / Teologia I Moralmosc is the property of Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza (IH UAM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the article is to present two different images of dysfunctional motherhood in contemporary fictional Polish prose on the example of the novel Gorzko, Gorzko by Joanna Bator and Szopka by Zośka Papużanka. The first of them, represented by the protagonist Violetta Serce of Gorzko, Gorzko, fits in the current literature trend of creating an anti-mother character, an enemy who usually perceives a child as a "problem" or is unable or does not want / cannot show him or her feelings, because motherhood it is an obstacle for her. The second is represented by the nameless mother of Zośka Papużanka's Szopka, who identifies the so-called "Gastronomic mother". The analysis shows that Polish prose of the last two decades still lacks the figure of a mother-friend, and the trauma of being born and growing up in the realities of the PRL's and capitalism has permanently entered the minds of contemporary writers, destroying optimistic hopes for a successful family life and motherhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Neo-)Victorian literature offers contradictory conceptualisations of the nuclear family. While it usually revolves around traditional heteroparental households, at the same time it portrays them as fragmented and deeply flawed. Guillermo del Toro’s film Crimson Peak (2015) builds on domestic traumas, the dysfunctional family and the supernatural, three recurrent tropes in (neo-)Victorian Gothic fiction. My main aim is to explore how Del Toro exploits the incest plotline in order to subvert preconceived views on the idealised Victorian family. I first analyse the ancestral family house and the mother figure as the loci of family traumas. I then move on to examine the Sharpe siblings’ incestuous relationship from a threefold perspective involving ethics, aesthetics and psychoanalysis, thereby showing that Del Toro exposes nineteenth-century family traumas that are still present in contemporary societies, so that audiences may become aware of these social issues and even take an active stance against them.

Рассматривается вопрос об оказании социально-педагогической помощи ребенку из неблагополучной семьи. Представлены результаты изучения проблемы «ребенок в неблагополучной семье» и сделано заключение о том, что ребенок в такой семье лишен родительского внимания, надзора, заботы, испытывает трудности в отношениях со сверстниками и педагогами. Дан обзор известных моделей деятельности с неблагополучной семьей, названы нетрадиционные формы работы с неблагополучной семьей. Имеющийся опыт показывает, что на сегодня недостаточно разработано направление помощи ребенку из неблагополучной семьи. Ребенку, растущему в неблагополучной семье, недостает значимого взрослого. Таким значимым взрослым может стать студент-наставник, «семейный тьютор». Наличие наставника у ребенка будет способствовать снижению внутрисемейных конфликтов, улучшит детско-родительские отношения и, возможно, предотвратит социальное сиротство. В связи с этим в рамках участия в конкурсе «Курс на семью», организованном фондом Тимченко, был разработан проект «Семейный тьютор». Реализация проекта включала в себя: подбор студентов, заинтересованных в участии в проекте; их обучение; определение группы детей, нуждающихся в наставниках; создание пар «ребенок–тьютор»; заключение договоров с семьями. На сегодняшний день создано 10 пар, работу студентов сопровождают кураторы, авторы проекта. Об актуальности и практической значимости проекта говорит тот факт, что проект «Семейный тьютор» поддержан благотворительным фондом Тимченко на втором этапе конкурса грантов «Курс на семью».

This paper presents the results of an empirical study into the relationship between family functioning and the level of moral development in senior students (adolescents), designed and conducted to take into consideration the more complete definition of the modern family, which gives preference to intra-family determinants over its external features, and relies on the results of previous relevant studies of the influence of the family on the formation of the child's personality. A functional and healthy family is one that aspires to or successfully achieves its goal of raising and educating children and youth, responsible parenthood/guardianship, promotion and maintenance of the mental and physical health of all family members, and provision of support to their work, life, and social fulfillment. The aim of the study was to ascertain whether there is a statistically significant correlation between family functioning and the level of students' moral development and overall school performance. It included 220 senior primary school students. The results show that about two-thirds of students see their families as optimally functional, and that the rest of the respondents believe that they live in families that do not reach the same functioning mark. Every third respondent perceives their family as functioning adequately, but quite a few students (7.27%) perceive their family as functioning moderately (according to the Beavers Systems Model, such families are considered dysfunctional). Students from optimally functional families had the highest average scores on moral development tests, while those from moderately functional families scored the lowest average number of points. The differences are statistically significant not only on these tests, but also for overall school performance as the control variable. A statistically significant correlation was found between the level of family functioning and student achievement on moral development tests. Such results allow us to conclude that family functioning (with all intragroup determinants that have positive educational effects) is one of the key factors in the moral formation of young people's personalities and their academic performance. Therefore, it is extremely important to improve the social position of the family, continuously train/instruct parents on pedagogical issues, and continuously work in partnership with pedagogical and other institutions and organisations engaged in children's upbringing and education.

The paper presents a study of the specific features of socialization, as well as the formation and development of health promoting competences in students from dysfunctional families. The authors of the paper conducted a theoretical and methodological analysis of the stated problem (the characteristics of the main groups of dysfunctional families and their classification are given; the content of the concept of deviant behaviour as a factor of desocialization of the student's personality is uncovered), and an empirical study was carried out. Based on the results obtained, an additional education program was designed and tested, aimed at the formation and development of socialization skills and health promoting competences in students. It has been proved that after doing the program, students have developed the following personal qualities required for successful socialization in society: personal identification (knowing their desires, needs; strengths and weaknesses; ideas about their character traits); ideas about the skills of communicative behaviour. Creative imagination mechanisms were developed and an idea of the world of professions was formed. As part of the formation of health promoting competences, students developed coping behaviour skills in difficult life situations and coping strategies. In addition, the authors of the paper provide methodological recommendations for the introduction of the designed program into the practice of the educational process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Society lives the transition between modernity and postmodernity. In this context, the family is considered as a fully dynamic system that changes over time. Therefore, family structures are in constant motion, and family functions also require changes. Sometimes the functions in the family change, but the structures do not, so conflicts within the family may appear. The objective of this research is to show how families evaluate their role in the postmodern context. Hence, the evaluation was carried out in 37 families through the APGAR test, a questionnaire that explores five areas of family function. Statistical analysis and data processing were performed with free software tools and the experiments may be reproduced as the data and code are hosted in open repositories. The results show that the perception of dysfunction at the individual level does not differ from the family perception. The families typically deny the conflict and the implicit changes in the family's functions because they do not know how to handle these changes. Likewise, the study shows that the changes in the family, attributed by several authors to the transition related to the postmodern paradigm, outline a growing trend towards the perception of the dysfunctionality of the family system over time.

Emma Donoghue's neo-Victorian novel The Wonder (2016) is a remarkable exploration of the Victorian era's indifference towards the issues of woman and child safety against the heinous crimes of sexual abuse. The horror of sibling incest, which eventually develops the sense of guilt within the protagonist and gradually isolates her from the entire extrinsic world, has been taken into consideration for the analysis of the unusual narratives of tremendous shock and trauma that the novel enterprises. The paper examines incest as a trope for inflicting everlasting trauma and seeks to locate if amelioration is at all achievable for the abused 'body'. The intended study further interrogates the placid indifference of the contemporaneous behavioural patterns of the societal institutional bodies of family, religion, and law, while encountering the forever forbidden taboo of incest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of State & Society / Państwo i Społeczeństwo is the property of Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, AFM Publishing Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Philologia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Both Tennessee Williams and Marina Carr are interested in female issues. Throughout his literary career, Williams expresses his feelings towards his mother and sister through the female characters that inhabit his plays. Mostly, they are fragile women in a hostile world devoid of sympathy and care. The Glass Menagerie, through the characters of Amanda Wingfield and her daughter Laura, offers exemplary figures of such characters whose only weapons against a cruel and severe present is retreat into illusionary worlds of beautiful memories or glass figurines. Similarly, Carr's females in The Mai are trapped women who cannot free themselves from imprisoning circumstances and eventually become destructive to themselves and those around them. Both Williams and Carr demonstrate common interest in treating issues such as the dysfunctional family, marriage and illusion. The treatment of the past is stressed in the two plays since both are memory plays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Neo-)Victorian literature offers contradictory conceptualisations of the nuclear family. While it usually revolves around traditional heteroparental households, at the same time it portrays them as fragmented and deeply flawed. Guillermo del Toro's film Crimson Peak (2015) builds on domestic traumas, the dysfunctional family and the supernatural, three recurrent tropes in (neo-)Victorian Gothic fiction. My main aim is to explore how Del Toro exploits the incest plotline in order to subvert preconceived views on the idealised Victorian family. I first analyse the ancestral family house and the mother figure as the loci of family traumas. I then move on to examine the Sharpe siblings' incestuous relationship from a threefold perspective involving ethics, aesthetics and psychoanalysis, thereby showing that Del Toro exposes nineteenth-century family traumas that are still present in contemporary societies, so that audiences may become aware of these social issues and even take an active stance against them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of parental neglect is a constantly topical one. Neglect is not only the lack of satisfying basic needs, but also the lack of ensuring a sense of security, belonging, and insufficient physical, emotional or verbal closeness with the child. Poor parental care, lack of a sense of closeness and availability of the parent, along with other environmental factors (e.g. addictions, diseases and mental disorders in the family) result in abnormal formation of the child's personality, and can also be associated with depression, anxiety, self-harm or suicide attempts. The aim of the study was to present the clinical cases of two teenage patients (AA. – 13 years old, BB. – 16 years old) staying in the I Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention in Lublin (Department for Children and Youth), whose mental health problems were caused by a constant neglect on the part of parents. Case reports: The patients came from dysfunctional families in which members showed a tendency to addiction (alcohol) and were emotionally and physically absent from the lives of the girls. Due to considerable upbringing problems, girls were hospitalized many times, both in paediatric wards and in psychiatric wards for children and adolescents, with various medical diagnoses. Conclusions: The presented cases of two patients indicate a potential cause-and-effect relationship between parental neglect, coexisting environmental factors (addictions of family members) and abnormal formation of the child's personality, self-harm or suicide attempts. In such family systems, it is extremely important, apart from a court-appointed family guardian, to introduce a family assistant to provide emotional or advisory support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at exploring the factors associated with workaholism. A total of three hundred and sixty one (N=361) (W orkaholics=175, Non-workaholics=186) working adults, ranging from 25 to 59 years of age with educational background of at least bachelor’s degree from different departments in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan were recruited. In this report workaholics were compared to non-workaholics on measures of test for workaholism and self-designed questionnaire. It was found that educational level, age, economic crisis during childhood, and health-related problems such sleep disorders and hypertension were independently associated with workaholics as compared to non-workaholics. Childhood family experiences were also investigated and it was found that workaholism was an outcome of disturbed family experiences in early years of life. It was concluded that workaholism plays an important role in improving the standard of workaholics’ personal, family and professional life materially but at the cost of their own health. This study recognizes workaholism in Peshawar and would help recommend policies and health awareness in this region.