44 results on '"Duarte PC"'
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2. RADIOGRAPHIC, VENOGRAPHIC AND HOOF GROWTH EVALUATIONS IN EQUINE FORELIMBS WITH CHRONIC LAMINITIS TREATED OR NOT WITH MESENQUIMAL STEM CELLS DERIVED FROM ADIPOSE TISSUE
- Author
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Oliveira, APL, primary, Paz, CFR, additional, Lima, MPA, additional, Duarte, PC, additional, Cota, LO, additional, Júnior, SS Rocha, additional, Silva, VP, additional, Monteiro, BS, additional, Leise, BS, additional, Carvalho, AM, additional, and Faleiros, RR, additional
- Published
- 2021
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3. Simultaneous estimation of dispersal and survival of the gulf killifish Fundulus grandis from a batch-tagging experiment
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Jensen, OP, primary, Martin, CW, additional, Oken, KL, additional, Fodrie, FJ, additional, López-Duarte, PC, additional, Able, KW, additional, and Roberts, BJ, additional
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- 2019
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4. Temporal, spatial, and interspecific variation in geochemical signatures within fish otoliths, bivalve larval shells, and crustacean larvae
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Carson, HS, primary, López-Duarte, PC, additional, Cook, GS, additional, Fodrie, FJ, additional, Becker, BJ, additional, DiBacco, C, additional, and Levin, LA, additional
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- 2013
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5. Circatidal swimming behaviors of fiddler crab Uca pugilator larvae from different tidal regimes
- Author
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López-Duarte, PC, primary and Tankersley, RA, additional
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- 2007
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6. Isolation and Partial Characterization of Rabbit Urinary Kallikrein
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Sampaio Ca, Misako U. Sampaio, Duarte Pc, Stella Rc, and Mariana S. Araujo-Viel
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Biochemistry ,Chemistry ,Rabbit (nuclear engineering) ,Isolation (microbiology) ,Urinary Kallikrein - Published
- 1989
7. Effects of two different topographic approaches for combined sciatic and femoral nerve block in calves, guided by ultrasound and neurostimulation.
- Author
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Lima MPA, Silva RA, Duarte PC, Rocha Júnior SDS, Branco SEMT, Paz CFR, Otero PE, Faleiros RR, and Beier SL
- Abstract
To evaluate the sensory and motor effects promoted by a combined sciatic and femoral nerve block in calves using two approaches. Six calves were used, in a crossover study. Ultrasound combined with neurostimulation, was used to perform the following block combinations: the proximal approach (PA), which consisted of the association of the parasacral approach (sciatic nerve block) and ventral to the ilium approach (femoral nerve block); distal approach (DA) consisted of the association of a lateral approach to the pelvic limb approach (sciatic nerve block), and an inguinal approach, underneath the femoral trigone (femoral nerve block). Pressure algometry and motor function of the limb where evaluated. Mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) increase, and ataxia duration means were 9.5 ± 0.7 kg and 10.4 ± 3.9 hr for PA and 10.4 ± 3.9 kg and 12.7 ± 1.9 hr for DA, respectively with no significant difference. There was no significant difference between MNT elevation time and the duration of ataxia using the same approach. The DA treatment showed significant MNT elevation in 72% of the tested regions, while the PA treatment showed an elevation in 100% regions tested. Topographic approaches closer to where the spinal nerves emerge produced a larger desensitised area., Competing Interests: None., (© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
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- 2023
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8. Differential blockade, comparative study of different ropivacaine concentrations (0.75%; 0.2%; 0.12%) for ultrasound guided sciatic and femoral nerve blocks in calves: Prospective cross-over study.
- Author
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de Lima MPA, Silva RA, Duarte PC, Otero PE, Faleiros RR, and Beier SL
- Abstract
Pharmacodynamic understanding of the different local anesthetic concentrations allows adapting their use to diverse clinical/surgical procedures, such as intraoperative and/or postoperative analgesia. A crossover study was performed, where 6 calves (5 male and 1 female), weighing 120 ± 28 Kg, were subjected to combined sciatic and femoral nerve block using three ropivacaine concentrations. The treatments were: R0.75, using 0.75% ropivacaine; R0.2, 0.2% ropivacaine; and R0.12%, 0.12% ropivacaine. All treatments were performed with ultrasound and neurostimulation assistance, and a volume of 0.1 mL/kg of the respective local anesthetic solution was administered in each block point. The sites of mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) evaluation were based on the calf pelvic limb dermatomes. The proportion between desensitized areas, MNT elevation time and level of ataxia were registered. Elevation of MNT occurred in 100% of the tested areas in the R0.75 and R0.2 treatments, and in 82% of the R0.12 treatment. Mean MNT elevation times were 9.5 ± 0.7 h for R0.75, 6 ± 0.8 for R.02, and 2.4 ± 2.3 for R0.12, differing significantly between all treatments. No difference was observed between MNT elevation time and ataxia duration time, in each treatment. It is concluded that the duration of sensory-motor effects is dose-dependent, but there was not possible to detect block selectivity as the concentrations was reduced. More desensitized areas and extension were obtained with the use of higher concentrations., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
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- 2023
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9. Oral supplementation with Lithothamnion extract in horses subjected to oligofructose overload intake: effects on systemic inflammation and multiple organ function.
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Cota LO, Júnior OS, Oliveira APL, Paz CFR, Maróstica TP, Duarte PC, Leme FOP, and Faleiros RR
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- Animals, Alanine Transaminase, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Bilirubin, Creatinine, Dietary Supplements, Horses, Inflammation drug therapy, Inflammation veterinary, Oligosaccharides, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome drug therapy, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome veterinary, Horse Diseases drug therapy, Multiple Organ Failure veterinary
- Abstract
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a common condition in horses with gastrointestinal disorders. If not prevented or controlled, SIRS promotes multiple organ dysfunctions that may culminate in serious disabilities or even death. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lithothamnion supplementation on systemic inflammatory response and organ function variables in horses undergoing oligofructose overload (OFO) intake. Twelve healthy horses were randomly divided into control and treated groups. The treated group received Lithothamnion (100 mg/kg bw PO BID) for 7 days before oligofructose intake (10 g/kg PO). Horses underwent clinical and laboratory evaluation immediately before and 6, 12, 18, and 24 h following administration of oligofructose. Parametric data were subjected to ANOVA in randomized blocks, followed by Tukey, and Student's t-tests for mean comparsions. Non-parametric data were analyzed by the Friedman, Dunn's, and Mann-Whitney tests (P < .05). Systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction was evident in both groups; however, these changes were milder and delayed in the treated group. Supplementation attenuated and delayed the tachycardia, tachypnea, leukocytosis, hyperproteinemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperalbuminemia and hyperglycemia in treated horses undergoing OFO. Furthermore, increases in packed cell volume, red blood cells, hemoglobin, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, indirect and direct bilirubin and creatinine were observed only in the control group, remaining unchanged in the treated group. These findings demonstrate the potential of oral supplementation with Lithothamnion to ameliorate systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction in horses at risk of acquiring gastrointestinal disorders., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
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- 2022
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10. Metabolic Profile Changes in Mangalarga Marchador Horses Subjected to A Hypercaloric Diet Evaluated by Proton NMR Spectroscopy.
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Duarte PC, Ribeiro RM, Machado ART, Faleiros RR, Pimenta LPS, and Filho JDS
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- Animals, Diet veterinary, Horses, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Obesity veterinary, Protons, Horse Diseases, Metabolome
- Abstract
The incidence of equine metabolic syndrome, a condition that results in endocrinopathic laminitis, is increasing worldwide. Although it is well known that the development of this syndrome depends on imbalances in energy metabolism and genetic traits, its pathophysiology remains unclear. Hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (
1 H NMR) is a powerful tool used to compare metabolic profiles and to discriminate metabolites in living beings. The aim was to apply this technology to detect blood biomarkers candidates in horses that were previously demonstrated to developed metabolic changes when subjected to induced obesity. Nine Mangalarga Marchador horses received a hypercaloric diet for 5 months and serum metabolomic analysis was performed before, during, and after the diet period. The1 H NMR results were subjected to multivariate analysis and NMR analysis allowed to identify six compounds (alanine, threonine, choline, α-glucose, β-glucose, and creatinine), and observe the increasing choline level over the assessment period in four animals. A hypercaloric diet altered the metabolic profile of horses, with an individual bias in the time at which these changes occurred. This study is the first to describe metabolomic compounds in Mangalarga Marchador horses subjected to a hypercaloric diet rich in non-structural carbohydrates., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.)- Published
- 2021
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11. Stable isotope analyses identify trophic niche partitioning between sympatric terrestrial vertebrates in coastal saltmarshes with differing oiling histories.
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Moyo S, Bennadji H, Laguaite D, Pérez-Umphrey AA, Snider AM, Bonisoli-Alquati A, Olin JA, Stouffer PC, Taylor SS, López-Duarte PC, Roberts BJ, Hooper-Bui L, and Polito MJ
- Abstract
Bioindicator species are commonly used as proxies to help identify the ecological effects of oil spills and other stressors. However, the utility of taxa as bioindicators is dependent on understanding their trophic niche and life history characteristics, as these factors mediate their ecological responses. Seaside sparrows ( Ammospiza maritima) and marsh rice rats ( Oryzomys palustris ) are two ubiquitous terrestrial vertebrates that are thought to be bioindicators of oil spills in saltmarsh ecosystems. To improve the utility of these omnivorous taxa as bioindicators, we used carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis to quantify their trophic niches at saltmarshes in coastal Louisiana with differing oiling histories. We found that rats generally had lower trophic positions and incorporated more aquatic prey relative to seaside sparrows. The range of resources used (i.e.,trophic niche width) varied based on oiling history. Seaside sparrows had wider trophic niches than marsh rice rats at unoiled sites, but not at oiled sites. Trophic niche widths of conspecifics were less consistent at oiled sites, although marsh rice rats at oiled sites had wider trophic niches than rats at unoiled sites. These results suggest that past oiling histories may have imparted subtle, yet differing effects on the foraging ecology of these two co-occurring species. However, the temporal lag between initial oiling and our study makes identifying the ultimate drivers of differences between oiled and unoiled sites challenging. Even so, our findings provide a baseline quantification of the trophic niches of sympatric seaside sparrows and marsh rice rats that will aid in the use of these species as indicators of oiling and other environmental stressors in saltmarsh ecosystems., Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests., (©2021 Moyo et al.)
- Published
- 2021
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12. Caudal epidural anesthesia in mares after bicarbonate addition to a lidocaine-epinephrine combination.
- Author
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Duarte PC, Paz CFR, Oliveira APL, Maróstica TP, Cota LO, and Faleiros RR
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- Anesthesia, Caudal methods, Animals, Female, Horses, Injections, Epidural veterinary, Prospective Studies, Adjuvants, Anesthesia administration & dosage, Anesthesia, Caudal veterinary, Anesthetics, Local administration & dosage, Bicarbonates administration & dosage, Epinephrine administration & dosage, Lidocaine administration & dosage
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the nociceptive and clinical effects of buffering a lidocaine-epinephrine solution with sodium bicarbonate in caudal epidural block in mares., Study Design: Prospective randomized controlled trial., Animals: Six mixed-breed mares weighing 350-440 kg., Methods: Each animal was administered two caudal epidural injections, 72 hours apart, using different solutions prepared immediately before injection. The control solution was 7 mL 2% lidocaine hydrochloride with epinephrine hemitartrate (1:200,000) added to 3 mL sterile water for injection (pH 2.9). The alkalinized solution was 7 mL of lidocaine-epinephrine solution added to 2.3 mL sterile water for injection and 0.7 mL 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (pH 7.4). Nociception was evaluated by response to skin pinching at 31 sites in the sacral region and around the perimeter of the anogenital area (distances of 10, 15 and 20 cm) before, and 5, 10 and 15 minutes after epidural injection, then every 15 minutes until the return of nociception in all evaluated sites. The onset and duration times, and intensity of ataxia (grades 0 to 3) were recorded. The paired t test was used to compare the onset and duration of anesthesia and ataxia (p<0.05)., Results: Alkalization of the solution resulted in significant decreases in the average time of onset of loss of nociception in the sacral region (40%) and around the perimeter of the anogenital area extending up to 5 cm (36%) and from 5 to 10 cm (32%) from the anus and vulva. Alkalization also decreased the average duration of ataxia (33%), without affecting the duration and extent of anesthesia or the degree of ataxia., Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Alkalization of lidocaine-epinephrine solution is advantageous in shortening the duration of ataxia and hastening the onset of anesthesia in areas adjacent to the anogenital area, without reducing the duration of epidural anesthesia, in mares., (Copyright © 2017 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
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13. Is Exposure to Macondo Oil Reflected in the Otolith Chemistry of Marsh-Resident Fish?
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López-Duarte PC, Fodrie FJ, Jensen OP, Whitehead A, Galvez F, Dubansky B, and Able KW
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- Animals, Nickel analysis, Otolithic Membrane chemistry, Otolithic Membrane metabolism, Petroleum Pollution, Salinity, Seasons, Temperature, Trace Elements analysis, Vanadium analysis, Fundulidae metabolism, Otolithic Membrane drug effects, Petroleum toxicity
- Abstract
Genomic and physiological responses in Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis) in the northern Gulf of Mexico have confirmed oil exposure of resident marsh fish following the Macondo blowout in 2010. Using these same fish, we evaluated otolith microchemistry as a method for assessing oil exposure history. Laser-ablation inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometry was used to analyze the chemical composition of sagittal otoliths to assess whether a trace metal signature could be detected in the otoliths of F. grandis collected from a Macondo-oil impacted site in 2010, post-spill relative to pre-spill, as well as versus fish from areas not impacted by the spill. We found no evidence of increased concentrations of two elements associated with oil contamination (nickel and vanadium) in F. grandis otoliths regardless of Macondo oil exposure history. One potential explanation for this is that Macondo oil is relatively depleted of those metals compared to other crude oils globally. During and after the spill, however, elevated levels of barium, lead, and to a lesser degree, copper were detected in killifish otoliths at the oil-impacted collection site in coastal Louisiana. This may reflect oil contact or other environmental perturbations that occurred concomitant with oiling. For example, increases in barium in otoliths from oil-exposed fish followed (temporally) freshwater diversions in Louisiana in 2010. This implicates (but does not conclusively demonstrate) freshwater diversions from the Mississippi River (with previously recorded higher concentrations of lead and copper), designed to halt the ingress of oil, as a mechanism for elevated elemental uptake in otoliths of Louisiana marsh fishes. These results highlight the potentially complex and indirect effects of the Macondo oil spill and human responses to it on Gulf of Mexico ecosystems, and emphasize the need to consider the multiple stressors acting simultaneously on inshore fish communities., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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- 2016
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14. Effect of raloxifene on periapical lesions in ovariectomized rats.
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Gomes-Filho JE, Wayama MT, Dornelles RC, Ervolino E, Coclete GA, Duarte PC, Yamanri GH, Lodi CS, Dezan-Júnior E, and Cintra LT
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- Animals, Estradiol deficiency, Female, Immunohistochemistry, Ovariectomy, Periapical Periodontitis blood, Periapical Periodontitis drug therapy, Rats, Wistar, Bone Density Conservation Agents pharmacology, Estradiol blood, Periapical Periodontitis pathology, Raloxifene Hydrochloride pharmacology
- Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of raloxifene (RLX) during progression of periapical lesions in ovariectomized (OVX) rats., Methods: Female Wistar rats were OVX or subjected to sham surgery and received vehicle or RLX by gavage for 90 days. The treatment groups were as follows: sham surgery and treated with vehicle (SHAM-veh), OVX and treated with vehicle (OVX-veh), and OVX and treated with RLX (OVX-RLX). During treatment, the pulp of lower first molar was exposed to the oral environment for induction of periapical lesion that was analyzed 7 or 30 days after procedure. Blood samples were taken from jugular vein for measurement of estradiol, and the mandibles were removed and prepared for radiographic, histopathologic, histometric, and immunohistochemical analysis., Results: Estradiol plasma concentration showed hypoestrogenism in OVX rats. The histopathologic analysis of the OVX/RLX group was similar to that of the SHAM-veh group, whereas OVX-veh group showed larger periapical lesions with more intense inflammatory response and more cells positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. Radiographically, the groups were similar, but lesions on day 7 were smaller than lesions on day 30., Conclusions: The results suggest that hypoestrogenism potentiates the progression of periapical lesions, and such condition was reversed by treatment with RLX., (Copyright © 2015 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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15. Histopathological condition of the remaining tissues after endodontic infection of rat immature teeth.
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Tobias Duarte PC, Gomes-Filho JE, Ervolino E, Marçal Mazza Sundefeld ML, Tadahirowayama M, Lodi CS, Dezan-Júnior E, and Angelo Cintra LT
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- Animals, Dental Pulp Exposure pathology, Dental Pulp Necrosis pathology, Leukocytes, Mononuclear pathology, Male, Neutrophils pathology, Periapical Diseases pathology, Pulpitis pathology, Radiography, Bitewing, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Time Factors, Dental Pulp pathology, Dental Pulp Cavity pathology, Dental Pulp Diseases pathology, Molar pathology, Periapical Tissue pathology, Tooth Apex pathology
- Abstract
Introduction: Recently, case reports have shown that immature teeth diagnosed with necrotic pulp and periapical periodontitis can be repaired through a regenerative endodontic procedure. True regeneration depends on the presence of stem cells in the remaining vital tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histologic condition of the pulp tissue, root apical papilla, and periapical tissues after inducing endodontic infection in immature rat teeth for different periods., Methods: This study evaluated 18 first upper rat molars (36 roots). Periapical lesions were induced and were confirmed radiographically, and the animals were divided into 3 groups according to the days of pulp exposure for endodontic infection induction: 30, 60, and 90 days. Histologic analysis was performed in 5 different areas (ie, cervical, middle, and apical root canal thirds; the apical papilla; and the periapex surrounding the apical papilla)., Results: At 30 days, one third of the specimens still showed vital but intensely inflamed pulp tissue in the apical third and vital apical papilla with varying degrees of inflammation. After 60 days, the results were similar with respect to the apical pulp tissue and apical papilla. Completely necrotic pulp tissue in the space canal and vital apical papilla were observed in about 67% of the cases after 90 days., Conclusions: Vital pulp tissue was observed in the apical third until 60 days and in the vital apical papilla until 90 days of infection in a rat model., (Copyright © 2014 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
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16. Histologic characterization of engineered tissues in the canal space of closed-apex teeth with apical periodontitis.
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Gomes-Filho JE, Duarte PC, Ervolino E, Mogami Bomfim SR, Xavier Abimussi CJ, Mota da Silva Santos L, Lodi CS, Penha De Oliveira SH, Dezan E Jr, and Cintra LT
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Bicuspid pathology, Blood Coagulation physiology, Bone Marrow Cells physiology, Bone and Bones pathology, Ciprofloxacin therapeutic use, Connective Tissue pathology, Dental Cementum pathology, Dental Pulp Exposure therapy, Dental Pulp Necrosis therapy, Dogs, Drug Combinations, Fibroblasts pathology, Male, Metronidazole therapeutic use, Minocycline therapeutic use, Neovascularization, Physiologic physiology, Platelet-Rich Plasma physiology, Random Allocation, Regeneration physiology, Root Canal Irrigants therapeutic use, Root Canal Preparation methods, Thrombin therapeutic use, Dental Pulp Cavity pathology, Periapical Periodontitis therapy, Tissue Engineering methods
- Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of endodontic regenerative procedures combining an induced blood clot, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and bone marrow aspirate (BMA) to regenerate dental pulp in canine closed-apex necrotic teeth., Methods: Apical periodontitis was induced in 20 upper and lower premolars of 2 dogs. After biomechanical preparation, enlargement to a #60 file, and disinfection with a triantibiotic paste for 28 days, the roots were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups: blood clot (BC), BC + PRP gel, BC + BMA gel, and BC + BMA/PRP gel. Negative controls were also included. After a 3-month follow-up period, the animals were killed., Results: Histologic analysis showed the presence of newly formed vital tissues (connective, cement-like, and bone-like tissue) in 23 of the 32 treated roots (71.87%). There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups., Conclusions: New vital tissues were formed and characterized as connective, cementum-like, or bone-like, but not as pulp-like tissue; PRP and/or BMA did not improve the tissue ingrowth., (Copyright © 2013 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2013
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17. What controls connectivity? An empirical, multi-species approach.
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López-Duarte PC, Carson HS, Cook GS, Fodrie FJ, Becker BJ, Dibacco C, and Levin LA
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- Animals, Demography, Fishes classification, Invertebrates classification, Ecosystem, Fishes physiology, Invertebrates physiology
- Abstract
The exchange of individuals among habitat patches (connectivity) has broad relevance for the conservation and management of marine metapopulations. Elemental fingerprinting-based research conducted over the past 12 years along the open coastline and bays of San Diego County in southern California evaluated connectivity patterns for seven species: one native and two invasive mussels, an oyster, a brachyuran crab, and two fishes. The studies spanned different years and seasons but overlapped considerably in space, allowing comparisons of dispersal patterns across species, and assessment of the relative importance of location, circulation, and intra-annual and inter-annual variability. We asked whether the species exhibited commonalities in directional transport, transport distances, sources and sinks, self-recruitment, and bay-ocean exchange. Linked connectivity-demographic analyses conducted for two species of mytilid mussels and two fishes allowed evaluation of the contributions of realized connectivity to metapopulation dynamics relative to other life-history attributes. Common trends across species include average along-shore dispersal distances of 15-35 km and seasonal changes in direction of dispersal that mirrored patterns of along-shore circulation. We observed greater isolation of back-bay populations, significant exchange from front bay to ocean, and high self-recruitment in locations on the northern, open coast, and in the southern bays. Connectivity was rarely the most influential driver of growth and persistence of metapopulations, but influenced the importance of other vital rates. Several locations served consistently as sources of larvae or as nurseries for multiple species, but there were few sites in common that were sinks. For the mussels, reproductive timing guided directional transport. These results imply that local management (e.g., habitat protection, opening of the mouths of lagoons, location of aquaculture farms) may be effective along this coastline. Regional, multi-species assessments of exchange of larvae should move us closer to ecosystem-based management.
- Published
- 2012
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18. Targeting pain mediators induced by injured nerve-derived COX2 and PGE2 to treat neuropathic pain.
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Ma W, St-Jacques B, and Duarte PC
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- Animals, Ganglia, Spinal cytology, Humans, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Peptides metabolism, Sensory Receptor Cells metabolism, Cyclooxygenase 2 metabolism, Dinoprostone metabolism, Neuralgia metabolism, Trauma, Nervous System metabolism
- Abstract
Introduction: Neuropathic pain (NeP) is an intractable chronic pain condition which severely deteriorates the quality of life of 6% of the population. Caused by direct physical damage or diseases of the nervous system responsible for pain generation and transmission, NeP is manifested as spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia and allodynia. Its treatment is a challenging and unmet medical need. It is generally accepted that inflammatory mediators over-produced in injured nerves play a crucial role in the initiation and maintenance of NeP., Areas Covered: Among numerous inflammatory mediators, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and its end product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are persistently up-regulated in infiltrating macrophages and Schwann cells in injured nerves and contribute to the development of NeP. In a NeP rat model and an ex vivo model of sensory ganglion explant culture, injured nerve-derived COX2 and PGE2 facilitate the synthesis of pain mediators including neuropeptides, ion channels, cytokines and neurotrophins in primary sensory neurons., Expert Opinion: Stimulating the synthesis of pain mediators in primary sensory neurons is a novel mechanism underlying the contribution of injured nerve-derived COX2 and PGE2 to the genesis of NeP. Targeting COX2/PGE2/EP signaling in injured nerves through local administration could open a novel therapeutic avenue to treat this debilitating disease.
- Published
- 2012
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19. Which amphetamine-type stimulants can be detected by oral fluid immunoassays?
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Souza DZ, Boehl PO, Comiran E, Prusch DS, Zancanaro I, Fuentefria AM, Pechansky F, Duarte PC, De Boni RB, Fröehlich PE, and Limberger RP
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- Humans, Amphetamines chemistry, Central Nervous System Stimulants chemistry, Immunoassay methods, Saliva chemistry
- Abstract
Introduction: The use of oral fluid for monitoring drug consumption on roads has many advantages over conventional biological fluids; therefore, several immunoassays have been developed for this purpose. In this work, the ability of 3 commercial immunoassays to detect amphetamine-type stimulants (ATSs) in oral fluid was assessed. In addition, it was reviewed the main controlled ATSs available worldwide, as well as the oral fluid immunological screening tests that have been used for identifying ATSs in drivers., Materials and Methods: The analytical specificity of amphetamine direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), methamphetamine direct ELISA (Immunalysis Corporation), and Oral-View saliva multidrug of abuse test (Alfa Scientific Designs) was evaluated using ATS-spiked oral fluid. Legislation and published articles that report the use of immunological screening tests to detect ATS consumption in conductors were reviewed, including the kit's technical information, project reports, police and drug databases., Results and Discussion: Even at high concentrations, the tested assays were not able to detect methylphenidate, fenproporex, or diethylpropion, controlled ATSs legally marketed in many countries., Conclusions: This evidences the need to develop new kits that enable one to control the misuse of prescription ATSs on roads through oral fluid immunoassays.
- Published
- 2012
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20. Tissue reaction to a triantibiotic paste used for endodontic tissue self-regeneration of nonvital immature permanent teeth.
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Gomes-Filho JE, Duarte PC, de Oliveira CB, Watanabe S, Lodi CS, Cintra LT, and Bernabé PF
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- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Calcinosis pathology, Calcium Hydroxide pharmacology, Ciprofloxacin administration & dosage, Ciprofloxacin pharmacology, Drug Carriers, Drug Combinations, Fibrosis, Lymphocytes pathology, Macrophages pathology, Male, Materials Testing, Metronidazole administration & dosage, Metronidazole pharmacology, Minocycline administration & dosage, Minocycline pharmacology, Necrosis, Polyethylene Glycols, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Regeneration drug effects, Subcutaneous Tissue drug effects, Subcutaneous Tissue pathology, Time Factors, Tooth, Nonvital pathology, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Apexification methods, Biocompatible Materials pharmacology, Root Canal Filling Materials pharmacology
- Abstract
Introduction: The endodontic regenerative procedure (ERP), which is an alternative to calcium hydroxide-induced apexification, involves the use of a triple antibiotic paste (TAP) as a dressing material. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of rat subcutaneous tissue to implanted polyethylene tubes that were filled with TAP or calcium hydroxide., Methods: Thirty rats received 2 individual implants of polyethylene tubes filled with TAP or calcium hydroxide paste (CHP) and another empty tube as a control. Thirty additional rats received 2 individual implants consisting of polyethylene tubes filled with dressing material carriers (macrogol and propylene glycol) and a sham procedure. After 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days, 12 animals were euthanized, and the tubes and surrounding tissue were removed and processed for histology by using glycol methacrylate and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The histological score ranged from 0 to 3 depending on the content of inflammatory cells; the fibrous capsule was considered thin or thick, and necrosis and calcification were recorded as present or absent. The results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test., Results: Both dressing materials induced moderate reactions at 7 and 15 days. These reactions were similar to the control (P > .05) and reduced in intensity (to mild) from day 30 onward (P > .05). The carriers did not interfere with the reaction of the dressing materials., Conclusions: TAP and CHP were biocompatible over the different experimental periods examined., (Copyright © 2012 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
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21. Evaluating the importance of demographic connectivity in a marine metapopulation.
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Carson HS, Cook GS, López-Duarte PC, and Levin LA
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- Animals, Demography, Environmental Monitoring, Larva physiology, Models, Biological, Oceans and Seas, Population Dynamics, Ecosystem, Mytilus physiology
- Abstract
Recently researchers have gone to great lengths to measure marine metapopulation connectivity via tagging, genetic, and trace-elemental fingerprinting studies. These empirical estimates of larval dispersal are key to assessing the significance of metapopulation connectivity within a demographic context, but the life-history data required to do this are rarely available. To evaluate the demographic consequences of connectivity we constructed seasonal, size-structured metapopulation matrix models for two species of mytilid mussel in San Diego County, California, USA. The self-recruitment and larval exchange terms were produced from a time series of realized connectivities derived from trace-elemental fingerprinting of larval shells during spring and fall from 2003 to 2008. Both species exhibited a strong seasonal pattern of southward movement of recruits in spring and northward movement in fall. Growth and mortality terms were estimated using mark-recapture data from representative sites for each species and subpopulation, and literature estimates of juvenile mortality. Fecundity terms were estimated using county-wide settlement data from 2006-2008; these data reveal peak reproduction and recruitment in fall for Mytilus californianus, and spring for M. galloprovincialis. Elasticity and life-stage simulation analyses were employed to identify the season- and subpopulation-specific vital rates and connectivity terms to which the metapopulation growth rate (lambda) was most sensitive. For both species, metapopulation growth was most sensitive to proportional changes in adult fecundity, survival and growth of juvenile stages, and population connectivity, in order of importance, but relatively insensitive to adult growth or survival. The metapopulation concept was deemed appropriate for both Mytilus species as exchange between the subpopulations was necessary for subpopulation persistence. However, highest metapopulation growth occurred in years when a greater proportion of recruits was retained within the predominant source subpopulation. Despite differences in habitat and planktonic duration, both species exhibited similar overall metapopulation dynamics with respect to key life stages and processes. However, different peak reproductive periods in an environment of seasonal current reversals led to different regional (subpopulation) contributions to metapopulation maintenance; this result emphasizes the importance of connectivity analysis for spatial management of coastal resources.
- Published
- 2011
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22. Nasal immunization of mice with Lactobacillus casei expressing the pneumococcal surface protein C primes the immune system and decreases pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization in mice.
- Author
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Hernani Mde L, Ferreira PC, Ferreira DM, Miyaji EN, Ho PL, and Oliveira ML
- Subjects
- Administration, Intranasal, Animals, Antibodies, Bacterial analysis, Antibodies, Bacterial blood, Bacterial Proteins biosynthesis, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Cytokines metabolism, Female, Immunization methods, Immunoglobulin A analysis, Immunoglobulin G blood, Lacticaseibacillus casei genetics, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Nasopharynx immunology, Nasopharynx metabolism, Nasopharynx microbiology, Pneumococcal Infections immunology, Pneumococcal Vaccines administration & dosage, Recombinant Proteins genetics, Recombinant Proteins immunology, Recombinant Proteins metabolism, Statistics, Nonparametric, Streptococcus pneumoniae immunology, Bacterial Proteins immunology, Lacticaseibacillus casei immunology, Pneumococcal Infections prevention & control, Pneumococcal Vaccines immunology
- Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizes the upper respiratory tract of healthy individuals, from where it can be transmitted to the community. Occasionally, bacteria invade sterile niches, causing diseases. The pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC) is a virulence factor that is important during colonization and the systemic phases of the diseases. Here, we have evaluated the effect of nasal or sublingual immunization of mice with Lactobacillus casei expressing PspC, as well as prime-boosting protocols using recombinant PspC, on nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization. None of the protocols tested was able to elicit significant levels of anti-PspC antibodies before challenge. However, a significant decrease in pneumococcal recovery from the nasopharynx was observed in animals immunized through the nasal route with L. casei-PspC. Immune responses evaluated after colonization challenge in this group of mice were characterized by an increase in mucosal anti-PspC immunoglobulin A (IgA) 5 days later, a time point in which the pneumococcal loads were already low. A negative correlation between the concentrations of anti-PspC IgA and pneumococcal recovery from the nasopharynx was observed, with animals with the lowest colonization levels having higher IgA concentrations. These results show that nasal immunization with L. casei-PspC primes the immune system of mice, prompting faster immune responses that result in a decrease in pneumococcal colonization., (© 2011 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
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23. Determination of amphetamine-type stimulants in oral fluid by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
- Author
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Souza DZ, Boehl PO, Comiran E, Mariotti KC, Pechansky F, Duarte PC, De Boni R, Froehlich PE, and Limberger RP
- Subjects
- Amphetamines analysis, Diethylpropion analysis, Humans, Limit of Detection, Methamphetamine analysis, Methylphenidate analysis, Amphetamine analysis, Central Nervous System Stimulants analysis, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry methods, Saliva chemistry, Solid Phase Microextraction methods
- Abstract
A method for the simultaneous identification and quantification of amphetamine (AMP), methamphetamine (MET), fenproporex (FEN), diethylpropion (DIE) and methylphenidate (MPH) in oral fluid collected with Quantisal™ device has been developed and validated. Thereunto, in-matrix propylchloroformate derivatization followed by direct immersion solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were employed. Deuterium labeled AMP was used as internal standard for all the stimulants and analysis was performed using the selected ion monitoring mode. The detector response was linear for the studied drugs in the concentration range of 2-256 ng mL(-1) (neat oral fluid), except for FEN, whereas the linear range was 4-256 ng mL(-1). The detection limits were 0.5 ng mL(-1) (MET), 1 ng mL(-1) (MPH) and 2 ng mL(-1) (DIE, AMP, FEN), respectively. Accuracy of quality control samples remained within 98.2-111.9% of the target concentrations, while precision has not exceeded 15% of the relative standard deviation. Recoveries with Quantisal™ device ranged from 77.2% to 112.1%. Also, the goodness-of-fit concerning the ordinary least squares model in the statistical inference of data has been tested through residual plotting and ANOVA. The validated method can be easily automated and then used for screening and confirmation of amphetamine-type stimulants in drivers' oral fluid., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
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24. Human and porcine Taenia solium infections in Mozambique: identifying research priorities.
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Afonso SM, Vaz Y, Neves L, Pondja A, Dias G, Willingham AL, Vilhena M, Duarte PC, Jost CC, and Noormahomed EV
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- Animals, Humans, Mozambique epidemiology, Research, Taeniasis epidemiology, Taeniasis parasitology, Taeniasis prevention & control, Taenia solium, Taeniasis veterinary
- Abstract
The objective of this paper is to critically review and summarize available scientific and lay literature, and ongoing studies on human and porcine cysticercosis in Mozambique to identify knowledge gaps and direct immediate and long-term research efforts. Data on the spatial distribution and prevalence of the disease in human and swine populations are scarce and fragmented. Human serological studies have shown that 15-21% of apparently healthy adults were positive for cysticercosis antibodies or antigen, while in neuropsychiatric patients seroprevalence was as high as 51%. Slaughterhouse records indicate a countrywide occurrence of porcine cysticercosis, while studies have shown that 10-35% of pigs tested were seropositive for cysticercosis antibodies or antigen. Current research in Mozambique includes studies on the epidemiology, molecular biology, diagnosis and control of the disease. Future research efforts should be directed at better understanding the epidemiology of the disease in Mozambique, particularly risk factors for its occurrence and spread in human and swine populations, documenting the socio-economic impact of the disease, identifying critical control points and evaluating the feasibility and epidemiological impact of control measures and development of local level diagnostic tools for use in humans and swine.
- Published
- 2011
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25. Evaluation of rat alveolar bone response to Angelus MTA or experimental light-cured mineral trioxide aggregate using fluorochromes.
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Gomes-Filho JE, de Moraes Costa MM, Cintra LT, Duarte PC, Takamiya AS, Lodi CS, and Bernabé PF
- Subjects
- Animals, Drug Combinations, Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives methods, Male, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Aluminum Compounds pharmacology, Alveolar Process drug effects, Biocompatible Materials pharmacology, Calcium Compounds pharmacology, Osseointegration drug effects, Oxides pharmacology, Silicates pharmacology, Tooth Socket drug effects
- Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the rat alveolar bone response after the implantation of experimental light-cured mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or Angelus MTA (Angelus, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil) by histological and fluorescence analysis., Methods: Thirty Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups. In the control group, empty polyethylene tubes were inserted into the rat alveolar sockets immediately after extraction. In the other groups, the tubes were filled with light-cured MTA or Angelus MTA. Five animals from each group were injected with calcein on day 7, alizarin on day 14, and oxytetracycline on day 21. On day 30, these animals were killed, and the right hemimaxillas were removed and histologically processed. Half of the maxillas were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The remaining maxillas were processed for fluorescence analysis and stained with Stevenel blue and alizarin red. New bone was histomorphometrically evaluated using a Merz grid., Results: The light-cured MTA presented a similar response when compared with Angelus MTA; it was characterized by a mild inflammatory response and complete bone healing. In the light-cured MTA group, the fluorescence areas were more evident at 21 days, showing an increase in bone formation. However, dystrophic mineralization was observed only with Angelus MTA., Conclusions: It was concluded that both materials present a similar inflammatory response and bone healing, but dystrophic mineralization was observed only with Angelus MTA., (Copyright © 2011 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2011
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26. Reproductive timing alters population connectivity in marine metapopulations.
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Carson HS, López-Duarte PC, Rasmussen L, Wang D, and Levin LA
- Subjects
- Animal Migration, Animals, California, Climate Change, Conservation of Natural Resources, Larva physiology, Mytilus growth & development, Population Dynamics, Reproduction, Seasons, Species Specificity, Time Factors, Water Movements, Ecosystem, Mytilus physiology
- Abstract
Populations of most marine organisms are connected by the dispersal of larval stages, with profound implications for marine conservation. Because of the extreme effort needed to empirically measure larval exchange, multispecies conservation efforts must estimate connectivity by extrapolation using taxonomy, adult distribution, life history, behavior, or phenology. Using a 6-year record of connectivity realized through trace-elemental fingerprinting of larval shells, we document the seasonal and interannual variability of larval exchange for two congeneric mussel species with overlapping but distinct distribution, life history, and reproduction timing. We reveal consistent autumn poleward movement and spring equatorward movement for both species, coincident with near-shore surface currents. However, because the major reproductive seasons differ, the dominant source-sink dynamics of these two congeneric species are nearly opposite. Consideration of present and future reproductive timing as altered by climate change is crucial to marine connectivity and conservation, especially for the numerous coastal areas subject to seasonal current reversals., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
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27. Evaluation of alveolar socket response to Angelus MTA and experimental light-cure MTA.
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Gomes-Filho JE, de Moraes Costa MT, Cintra LT, Lodi CS, Duarte PC, Okamoto R, Bernabé PF, Nery MJ, and Cannon M
- Subjects
- Animals, Biocompatible Materials pharmacology, Calcification, Physiologic drug effects, Calcification, Physiologic physiology, Drug Combinations, Fibroblasts pathology, Fibrosis, Giant Cells pathology, Lymphocytes pathology, Macrophages pathology, Male, Maxilla drug effects, Maxilla pathology, Necrosis, Osteogenesis drug effects, Osteogenesis physiology, Polyethylene pharmacology, Prostheses and Implants, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Time Factors, Tooth Socket pathology, Aluminum Compounds pharmacology, Calcium Compounds pharmacology, Oxides pharmacology, Root Canal Filling Materials pharmacology, Silicates pharmacology, Tooth Socket drug effects
- Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the rat alveolar socket response to implanted polyethylene tubes filled with a light-cured MTA or Angelus MTA., Study Design: Fifty-seven Wistar rats received an implant filled with one of the materials in the dental socket of the right central incisor. After 30, 60, and 90 days, animals were killed, and the right hemimaxillas were removed and processed to be analyzed on light microscopy. After embedding in paraffin, 6-μm-thick sections were obtained and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the reaction were performed., Results: It was observed that the light-cured MTA presented a similar response compared with Angelus MTA, characterized by the reduction of the chronic inflammatory response and organization of the alveolar bone close to the materials, especially at the 90th day of observation., Conclusions: It was concluded that both materials were well accepted by the alveolar tissue of rats, with the formation of mineralized tissue close to the materials., (Copyright © 2010 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2010
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28. A simple model for simulating immunity rate dynamics in a tropical free-range poultry population after avian influenza vaccination.
- Author
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Lesnoff M, Peyre M, Duarte PC, Renard JF, and Mariner JC
- Subjects
- Animals, Computer Simulation, Female, Humans, Influenza Vaccines administration & dosage, Male, Time Factors, Influenza Vaccines immunology, Influenza in Birds prevention & control, Poultry immunology, Vaccination methods
- Abstract
In developing countries, vaccination against highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 (HPAI) in free-range poultry flocks is usually implemented as periodic campaigns and newborn chicks are generally not vaccinated by farmers between vaccination passes. The demographic population turnover leads to a continuous decrease in the population immunity rate (PIR) over time. We present a simple Leslie matrix model for estimating population turnover and PIR dynamics in a hypothetical small-size vaccinated free-range poultry population. Four different vaccination scenarios were identified assuming necessary procedures to achieve immunity. The results indicate that high levels of population immunity are difficult to sustain. Assuming an animal immunity response of 80% after vaccination and a constant population size, PIR 4 months after vaccination was 30% in all the scenarios. Predictions averaged over time showed mean PIR between 36% and 48%, which is below the population immunity thresholds for eradication approximated from R0 estimates.
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- 2009
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29. Simultaneous haploinsufficiency of Pten and Trp53 tumor suppressor genes accelerates tumorigenesis in a mouse model of prostate cancer.
- Author
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Couto SS, Cao M, Duarte PC, Banach-Petrosky W, Wang S, Romanienko P, Wu H, Cardiff RD, Abate-Shen C, and Cunha GR
- Subjects
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Heterozygote, Loss of Heterozygosity, Male, Mice, Mice, Knockout, PTEN Phosphohydrolase genetics, Rats, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 genetics, PTEN Phosphohydrolase metabolism, Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia metabolism, Prostatic Neoplasms metabolism, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 metabolism
- Abstract
Tumor suppressor gene PTEN is important in the initiation and progression of human prostate carcinoma, whereas the role of TP53 remains controversial. Since Pten/Trp53 double conditional knockout mice show earlier onset and fast progression of prostate cancer when compared to Pten knockout mice, we asked whether heterozygosity of these two tumor suppressor genes was sufficient to accelerate prostatic tumorigenesis. To answer this question we examined prostatic lesion progression of Pten/Trp53 double heterozygous mice and a series of controls such as Pten heterozygous, Pten conditional knockout, Trp53 heterozygous and Trp53 knockout mice. Tissue recombination of adult prostatic epithelium coupled with embryonic rat seminal vesicle mesenchyme was used as a tool to stimulate prostatic epithelial proliferation. In our study, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) was found with high frequency at 8 weeks post-tissue recombination transplantation. PIN lesions in Pten/Trp53 double heterozygous mice were more severe than those seen in Pten heterozygous alone. Furthermore, morphologic features attributable to Pten or Trp53 loss appeared to be enhanced in double heterozygous tissues. LOH analysis of Pten and Trp53 in genomic DNA collected from high-grade PIN lesions in Pten heterozygous and Pten/Trp53 double heterozygous mice showed an intact wild-type allele for both genes in all samples examined. In conclusion, simultaneous heterozygosity of Pten and Trp53 accelerates prostatic tumorigenesis in this mouse model of prostate cancer independently of loss of heterozygosity of either gene.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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30. Factors associated with vesicular stomatitis in animals in the western United States.
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Duarte PC, Morley PS, Traub-Dargatz JL, and Creekmore LH
- Subjects
- Animals, Case-Control Studies, Colorado epidemiology, Complement Fixation Tests methods, Complement Fixation Tests veterinary, Confidence Intervals, Horse Diseases etiology, Horses, Insecta, Neutralization Tests methods, Neutralization Tests veterinary, New Mexico epidemiology, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Texas epidemiology, Vesicular Stomatitis etiology, Water, Horse Diseases epidemiology, Insect Control, Poaceae, Vesicular Stomatitis epidemiology
- Abstract
Objective: To identify factors associated with development of vesicular stomatitis (VS)., Design: Case-control study., Sample Population: 138 livestock premises and 118 horses suspected of having VS in Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado., Procedures: Premises with >or= 1 animal with clinical signs and laboratory confirmation of infection were classified as case premises. Premises where laboratory confirmation results were negative were control premises. Among equine premises, case and control horses were selected on the basis of premises status. A survey was conducted to identify factors associated with VS for premises and specific horses., Results: Control of insect populations in the 2 weeks before the VS investigation decreased the odds of disease for premises where vegetation coverage was grassland or pasture (odds ratio [OR], 0.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01 to 0.7). Odds of VS for premises covered with grassland or pasture increased when measures to control insect populations were not used (OR, 11; 95% CI, 0.8 to 156.3) and for premises that had a body of water (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.0 to 5.6). Use of measures to prevent insect bites or harassment by insects (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.8) and spending time in shelters (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2 to 1.1) in the 2 weeks prior to investigation decreased the odds of being a case horse., Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Insect control and spending time in shelters decreased the odds for infection with VS. Premises covered with grassland or pasture or that had a body of water were at a higher risk.
- Published
- 2008
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31. Indirect fluorescent antibody testing of cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis.
- Author
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Duarte PC, Ebel ED, Traub-Dargatz J, Wilson WD, Conrad PA, and Gardner IA
- Subjects
- Animals, Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections cerebrospinal fluid, Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections diagnosis, Horses, Sarcocystosis cerebrospinal fluid, Sarcocystosis diagnosis, Antibodies, Protozoan cerebrospinal fluid, Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections veterinary, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect veterinary, Horse Diseases cerebrospinal fluid, Horse Diseases diagnosis, Sarcocystosis veterinary
- Abstract
Objective: To assess the use of CSF testing with an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) caused by Sarcocystis neurona., Sample Population: Test results of 428 serum and 355 CSF samples from 182 naturally exposed, experimentally infected, or vaccinated horses., Procedure: EPM was diagnosed on the basis of histologic examination of the CNS. Probability distributions were fitted to serum IFAT results in the EPM+ and EPM-horses, and correlation between serum and CSF results was modeled. Pairs of serum-CSF titers were generated by simulation, and titer-specific likelihood ratios and post-test probabilities of EPM at various pretest probability values were estimated. Post-test probabilities were compared for use of a serum-CSF test combination, a serum test only, and a CSF test only., Results: Post-test probabilities of EPM increased as IFAT serum and CSF titers increased. Post-test probability differences for use of a serum-CSF combination and a serum test only were < or = 19% in 95% of simulations. The largest increases occurred when serum titers were from 40 to 160 and pre-test probabilities were from 5% to 60%. In all simulations, the difference between pre- and post-test probabilities was greater for a CSF test only, compared with a serum test only., Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: CSF testing after a serum test has limited usefulness in the diagnosis of EPM. A CSF test alone might be used when CSF is required for other procedures. Ruling out other causes of neurologic disease reduces the necessity of additional EPM testing.
- Published
- 2006
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32. Risk of transplacental transmission of Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi in California horses.
- Author
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Duarte PC, Conrad PA, Barr BC, Wilson WD, Ferraro GL, Packham AE, Carpenter TE, and Gardner IA
- Subjects
- Abortion, Veterinary epidemiology, Abortion, Veterinary parasitology, Animals, Antibodies, Protozoan blood, California epidemiology, Coccidiosis epidemiology, Coccidiosis transmission, Cohort Studies, Colostrum immunology, Colostrum parasitology, Encephalomyelitis epidemiology, Encephalomyelitis parasitology, Encephalomyelitis veterinary, Female, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect veterinary, Horse Diseases epidemiology, Horse Diseases parasitology, Horses, Incidence, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sarcocystis immunology, Sarcocystosis epidemiology, Sarcocystosis transmission, Coccidiosis veterinary, Horse Diseases transmission, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical veterinary, Neospora immunology, Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic parasitology, Sarcocystosis veterinary
- Abstract
The study objective was to assess the risk of transplacental transmission of Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi in foals from 4 California farms during 3 foaling seasons. Serum of presuckle foals and serum and colostrum of periparturient mares were tested using indirect fluorescent antibody tests for S. neurona and N. hughesi. Serum antibody titers were < or =10 in 366 presuckle foals tested. There was no serologic or histologic evidence of either parasite in aborted fetuses or placentas examined. Positivity for S. neurona and N. hughesi in mares increased with age. Mares < or =9 yr that originated from Kentucky were 3.8 and 1.4 times more likely to be positive for S. neurona and N. hughesi, respectively, than mares from California. The strength of association between positivity to either parasite and state of birth decreased as age increased. Mares positive for S. neurona and N. hughesi were 2.2 and 1.7 times more likely, respectively, to have a previous abortion than negative mares, adjusted for age and state of birth. The annual mortality rate for mares was 4%. The annual incidence rate of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis was 0.2%. In conclusion, there was no detectable risk of transplacental transmission of S. neurona and N. hughesi. Prevalence of antibodies against both parasites in mares increased with age.
- Published
- 2004
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33. Risk of postnatal exposure to Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi in horses.
- Author
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Duarte PC, Conrad PA, Wilson WD, Ferraro GL, Packham AE, Bowers-Lepore J, Carpenter TE, and Gardner IA
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Animals, Antibodies, Protozoan immunology, California, Coccidiosis immunology, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect, Horse Diseases immunology, Horses, Immunity, Maternally-Acquired immunology, Risk Assessment, Antibodies, Protozoan blood, Coccidiosis veterinary, Horse Diseases parasitology, Neospora, Sarcocystis
- Abstract
Objective: To estimate risk of exposure and age at first exposure to Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi and time to maternal antibody decay in foals., Animals: 484 Thoroughbred and Warmblood foals from 4 farms in California., Procedure: Serum was collected before and after colostrum ingestion and at 3-month intervals thereafter. Samples were tested by use of the indirect fluorescent antibody test; cutoff titers were > or = 40 and > or = 160 for S neurona and N hughesi, respectively., Results: Risk of exposure to S neurona and N hughesi during the study were 8.2% and 3.1%, respectively. Annual rate of exposure was 3.1% for S neurona and 1.7% for N hughesi. There was a significant difference in the risk of exposure to S neurona among farms but not in the risk of exposure to N hughesi. Median age at first exposure was 1.2 years for S neurona and 0.8 years for N hughesi. Highest prevalence of antibodies against S neurona and N hughesi was 6% and 2.1 %, respectively, at a mean age of 1.7 and 1.4 years, respectively. Median time to maternal antibody decay was 96 days for S neurona and 91 days for N hughesi. There were no clinical cases of equine protozoal myeloenchaphlitis (EPM)., Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Exposure to S neurona and N hughesi was low in foals between birth and 2.5 years of age. Maternally acquired antibodies may cause false-positive results for 3 or 4 months after birth, and EPM was a rare clinical disease in horses < or = 2.5 years of age.
- Published
- 2004
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34. Evaluation and comparison of an indirect fluorescent antibody test for detection of antibodies to Sarcocystis neurona, using serum and cerebrospinal fluid of naturally and experimentally infected, and vaccinated horses.
- Author
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Duarte PC, Daft BM, Conrad PA, Packham AE, Saville WJ, MacKay RJ, Barr BC, Wilson WD, Ng T, Reed SM, and Gardner IA
- Subjects
- Animals, Encephalomyelitis diagnosis, Encephalomyelitis parasitology, Encephalomyelitis veterinary, Female, Horse Diseases blood, Horse Diseases cerebrospinal fluid, Horses, Likelihood Functions, Male, Protozoan Vaccines immunology, ROC Curve, Reproducibility of Results, Sarcocystosis blood, Sarcocystosis cerebrospinal fluid, Sarcocystosis immunology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Vaccination veterinary, Antibodies, Protozoan blood, Antibodies, Protozoan cerebrospinal fluid, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect veterinary, Horse Diseases immunology, Sarcocystis immunology, Sarcocystosis veterinary
- Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) using serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of horses naturally and experimentally infected with Sarcocystis neurona, to assess the correlation between serum and CSF titers, and to determine the effect of S. neurona vaccination on the diagnosis of infection. Using receiver-operating characteristic analysis, the areas under the curve for the IFAT were 0.97 (serum) and 0.99 (CSF). Sensitivity and specificity were 83.3 and 96.9% (serum, cutoff 80) and 100 and 99% (CSF, cutoff 5), respectively. Titer-specific likelihood ratios (LRs) ranged from 0.03 to 187.8 for titers between <10 and 640. Median time to conversion was 22-26 days postinfection (DPI) (serum) and 30 DPI (CSF). The correlation between serum and CSF titers was moderately strong (r = 0.6) at 30 DPI. Percentage of vaccinated antibody-positive horses ranged from 0 to 95% between 0 and 112 days after the second vaccination. Thus, the IFAT was reliable and accurate using serum and CSF. Use of LRs potentially improves clinical decision making. Correlation between serum and CSF titers affects the joint accuracy of the IFAT; therefore, the ratio of serum to CSF titers has potential diagnostic value. The S. neurona vaccine could possibly interfere with equine protozoal myeloencephalitis diagnosis.
- Published
- 2004
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35. Comparison of a serum indirect fluorescent antibody test with two Western blot tests for the diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis.
- Author
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Duarte PC, Daft BM, Conrad PA, Packham AE, and Gardner IA
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Protozoan analysis, Cross Reactions, Encephalomyelitis immunology, Encephalomyelitis parasitology, Female, Horse Diseases immunology, Horses, Male, Sarcocystis immunology, Sarcocystis isolation & purification, Sarcocystosis complications, Sarcocystosis diagnosis, Sarcocystosis veterinary, Sensitivity and Specificity, Blotting, Western methods, Encephalomyelitis diagnosis, Encephalomyelitis veterinary, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect methods, Horse Diseases diagnosis, Horse Diseases parasitology
- Abstract
A serum indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was compared with a Western blot (WB) and a modified Western blot (mWB) for diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). Using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the area under the curve of the IFAT was greater than the areaunder the curves of the WB and the mWB (P = 0.025 and P = 0.044, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the areas under the curves of the WBs (P > 0.05). On the basis of an arbitrarily chosen cut-off titer for a positive test result of 1:80 for the IFAT and interpreting weak positive WB results as positive test results, the sensitivities and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of all 3 tests were identical and equal to 88.9% (51.8-99.7%). The specificities and 95% CIs of the IFAT, WB, and mWB test were 100% (91-100%), 87.2% (72.6-95.7%), and 69.2% (52.4-83%), respectively. The overall accuracy of the IFAT was shown to be better than that of the WBs and, therefore, the test has potential for use in the diagnosis of EPM caused by Sarcocystis neurona.
- Published
- 2003
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36. Feline vaccine-associated fibrosarcoma: morphologic distinctions.
- Author
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Couto SS, Griffey SM, Duarte PC, and Madewell BR
- Subjects
- Animals, Cats, Cell Division, Fibrosarcoma blood supply, Fibrosarcoma etiology, Fibrosarcoma pathology, Neovascularization, Pathologic pathology, Neovascularization, Pathologic veterinary, Recurrence, Vaccination adverse effects, Cat Diseases pathology, Fibrosarcoma veterinary, Vaccination veterinary
- Abstract
Forty-four primary feline vaccine-associated fibrosarcomas and 16 recurrences were examined histologically for detailed morphologic characterization with emphasis on tumor grade, presence of neoplastic multinucleated giant cells, presence and proportion of T and B lymphocytes within the tumor, and thin and intermediate filament contents of neoplastic and stromal cells. The microvascularity and proliferation rates of central and peripheral areas of the tumors were also quantified by computerized image analysis. For primary fibrosarcomas, 11 of 44 (25%) were grade I, 21 of 44 (47.7%) were grade II, and 12 of 44 (27.3%) were grade III. The recurrences followed a similar pattern: 4 of 16 (25%) were grade I, 8 of 16 (50%) were grade II, and 4 of 16 (25%) were grade III. A positive correlation was found between the presence of neoplastic multinucleated giant cells and tumor grade. These cells were present in 9 of 12 (75%) of grade III and none of the grade I tumors. Prominent peritumoral lymphoid aggregates or follicles were present in 59% of the tumors, and many contained high proportions of T lymphocytes, varying from 19 to 87%. All fibrosarcomas were immunoreactive for vimentin and 28 of 44 (64%) were reactive for alpha-smooth muscle actin. The actin-positive cells were either part of the tumor or formed a capsule around tumor nodules. The peripheral vascularity was significantly higher than the central vascular density but no difference was found in tumor cell proliferation rates between the two areas. Centrally located, fluid-filled micro- or macrocavitations were frequently observed in the large vaccine sarcomas and probably formed secondary to rapid tumor growth and central necrosis.
- Published
- 2002
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37. [Comparison of epidemiological data on pulmonary tuberculosis in Sorocaba, Säo Paulo, Brazil, (1986-1996)].
- Author
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Job JR, Prado PE, Vranjac S, and Duarte PC
- Subjects
- AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Brazil epidemiology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Time Factors, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary epidemiology
- Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis is a serious public health problem in Brazil. Data were collected relating to the patients' health before diagnosis and also to the time lag between this diagnosis and the beginning of specific treatment over a period of three months. Fifty patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis were questioned about: symptomatology before diagnosis, lapse between the occurrence of the first symptoms and the beginning of treatment and relationship with AIDS. There had been no significant change in the time-lag between the time of discovery of new cases and the beginning of treatment, over the last ten years.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. [Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. A form of presentation of stomach neoplasm].
- Author
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Oliveira A, Frazão A, Duarte PC, and Nogueira B
- Subjects
- Adenocarcinoma diagnosis, Anemia, Hemolytic diagnosis, Fatal Outcome, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Unknown Primary diagnosis, Stomach Neoplasms diagnosis, Thrombocytopenia diagnosis, Thrombocytopenia etiology, Adenocarcinoma complications, Adenocarcinoma secondary, Anemia, Hemolytic etiology, Neoplasms, Unknown Primary complications, Stomach Neoplasms complications, Stomach Neoplasms secondary
- Abstract
The authors report the case of a 53-year-old female with symptomatic anemia and hemorrhagic diathesis. The patient presented thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and leukoerythroblastic reaction in peripheral blood film. The diagnosis of metastatic gastric carcinoma was made by subsequent studies. A review is made of the literature concerning microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, namely its etiology, mechanisms of pathogenesis and association with metastatic carcinoma.
- Published
- 1998
39. [The cardiac toxicity of cancer chemotherapy].
- Author
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Sequeira JF, Madruga IM, Ribeiro M, Duarte PC, Ferreira DC, and Sarmento JL
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Agents administration & dosage, Antineoplastic Agents adverse effects, Heart Failure chemically induced, Heart Failure diagnosis, Heart Failure epidemiology, Humans, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Antineoplastic Agents toxicity, Heart drug effects
- Abstract
The presence of secondary effects following the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs is an important limitation to cancer therapy. Of these, cardiotoxicity is of crucial importance due to its negative influence on survival. The anthracyclines and cyclophosphamide are the most important cardiotoxic antineoplastic agents currently used. If we agree on a ceiling dosage of chemotherapy we will deprive some patients with a highly functional cardiac reserve of a potential benefit in the control of their cancer. Other patients who are more susceptible to the cardiotoxic effects of anticancer agents will suffer from severe cardiac disfunction following small cumulative doses of anthracyclines. The authors discuss the main cardiotoxic effects of several antineoplastic drugs with special attention given to the anthracycline group. Several diagnostic methods potentially useful in cardiac monitoring are described. Radionuclide angiocardiography is considered the gold-standard in monitoring anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Other invasive methods like endomyocardial biopsy and right heart catheterization can be clinically useful when nuclear angiocardiography is inconclusive. The authors propose an approach to the prevention of anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Other chemotherapeutic agents like cyclophosphamide are associated with the presence of myopericarditis which is sometimes fatal. The cardiotoxic effects of anticancer treatment with 5-fluorouracil, mitoxantrone, carmustine, amsacrine and interferon are less frequent and usually more benign. Finally we discuss bone marrow transplantation and its related cardiotoxicity.
- Published
- 1994
40. Systemic lupus erythematosus: sex hormones in male patients.
- Author
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Sequeira JF, Keser G, Greenstein B, Wheeler MJ, Duarte PC, Khamashta MA, and Hughes GR
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Estradiol blood, Follicle Stimulating Hormone blood, Functional Laterality, Gonadal Steroid Hormones deficiency, Humans, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic etiology, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic physiopathology, Luteinizing Hormone blood, Male, Middle Aged, Prolactin blood, Testosterone blood, Testosterone deficiency, Gonadal Steroid Hormones blood, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic blood
- Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rare disease in males. There is evidence that a functional state of hypoandrogenism is important in the pathogenesis of the disease. We analysed the levels of several hormones (follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), free estradiol (FE2) and prolactin (PRL)) in 17 male SLE patients and 17 male healthy controls with similar age distribution. Three lupus patients were excluded from the analysis due to previous cyclophosphamide therapy or pre-puberty. Thus 14 male lupus patients were eligible for the study. Six of the 14 SLE patients (43%) showed at least one abnormal level of FSH, LH or T. There were no abnormalities in these hormones in the 17 controls. This difference was significant (P < 0.01). In five of these 6 male patients (36% of all lupus patients) the hormonal profile was compatible with a functional state of hypoandrogenism (high LH and/or low T). The ratio E2/T (estradiol/testosterone:pmol/nmol) was also significantly higher in the SLE group (average = 6.5; SD 4.3) when compared with that of the control group (average 4.2; SD 1.2; Mann-Whitney rank sum test: P < 0.03). There were no significant differences in E2, FE2 or PRL between lupus patients and controls. We did not confirm the notion that left-handedness is frequent in male lupus as all our patients were right-handed. We found a significantly higher prevalence of sex hormone abnormalities in male lupus patients when compared with healthy controls with a similar age distribution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. [Essential thrombocythemia. Apropos a case of cerebrovascular stroke].
- Author
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Oliveira AS, Miranda MP, Duarte PC, and Sarmento JN
- Subjects
- Aspirin administration & dosage, Cerebrovascular Disorders blood, Cerebrovascular Disorders etiology, Cerebrovascular Disorders therapy, Humans, Interferon alpha-2, Interferon-alpha administration & dosage, Interferon-alpha adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Platelet Aggregation drug effects, Platelet Count drug effects, Recombinant Proteins, Thrombocythemia, Essential blood, Thrombocythemia, Essential complications, Thrombocythemia, Essential therapy, Time Factors, Cerebrovascular Disorders diagnosis, Thrombocythemia, Essential diagnosis
- Abstract
The authors report the case of a 60-year-old white man with a previous history of pulmonary tuberculosis, smoking habits, hypertension, intermittent claudication and erythromelalgia, admitted to our ward with an ischemic cerebral event. Initial laboratory evaluation documented thrombocytosis (platelet-950000/mm3) and discrete anemia. Additional studies confirmed the diagnosis of essential thrombocythemia, meeting all the criteria proposed by the Polycythemia Vera Study Group in 1986, after exclusion of the possible causes of reactive thrombocytosis. Therapy was initiated with alpha-2b interferon (3 MU/m2 subcutaneously three times a week) and aspirin. Platelet count control was obtained and the patient remained asymptomatic. Nine months later cutaneous toxicity obliged the discontinuance of alpha-interferon. Due to a continuous increase of platelet count, hydroxyurea was introduced. The patient is asymptomatic, with platelet counts < 500000/mm3, without toxicity manifestations, two years after diagnosis. The contribution of cardiovascular risk factors versus thrombocythemia in the pathogenesis of the ischemic cerebral event and the benefit of platelet count control are discussed.
- Published
- 1993
42. [Pulmonary embolism--mortality risk].
- Author
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Sequeira JF, Duarte PC, Madruga IM, Boaventura I, Gomes RM, Miranda MP, and Sarmento JL
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Pulmonary Embolism diagnosis, Pulmonary Embolism drug therapy, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Pulmonary Embolism mortality
- Abstract
We conducted a retrospective analysis on 311 patients with clinical diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in a period of 3 years. 163 patients were excluded based on clinical-laboratorial criteria. The remaining 146 patients had a median age of 69 years (range: 30-91 years). 54% of the patients were male. We found dyspnea (94%), abnormal cardiopulmonary observation (89%), risk factors for venous thromboembolism (74%), tachycardia (53%), cyanosis (49%), and neck vein distension (45%) to be the most frequent findings. 64% of the patients had heart failure, 32% had myocardial ischemia, 13% had cancer, and 11% had myocardial infarction. Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) was higher than two-fold in 54% of the patients. There was severe hypoxemia in 55% of the cases and hypocapnia in 43% of the cases. Creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) was elevated in 16% of the cases. Electrocardiography was suggestive of PE in 37% of the cases. Echocardiography showed right heart dysfunction in 30% of the cases, 92% of the patients were treated with heparin, 37 patients (25%) died, 54% of which during the first 4 days after admittance. Trying to define an index of mortality in PE we evaluated all patients by discriminant analysis coming up with 14 items with good discriminative power. By approximation of their odds-ratios we determined how many points would correspond to each item in the total sum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Published
- 1992
43. Partial characterization of a liver serine-peptidase from different species which inactivates bradykinin.
- Author
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Mazzacoratti Mda G, Sampaio MU, Duarte PC, and Sampaio CA
- Subjects
- Animals, Bradykinin antagonists & inhibitors, Endopeptidases isolation & purification, Humans, Kinetics, Serine Endopeptidases, Species Specificity, Substrate Specificity, Bradykinin metabolism, Endopeptidases metabolism, Liver enzymology
- Abstract
Proteases which inactivate bradykinin were partially purified from the fresh exsanguinated liver of rat, man, dog, guinea-pig, chicken, frog and snake. The enzymes which are present in the soluble fraction of the liver homogenates, were prepared by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, in 0.025 M tris-HCl, pH 7.4. The peptidase activity was eluted with 0.09 M KCl; and further purification was achieved by gel-filtration in Sephadex G-150. The kininases are present in the same range of activity in all studied preparations, and final specific activities are also comparable. The molecular weight of the enzymes, as determined by gel filtration, are in the range of 70,000-100,000. All preparations were completely inhibited by 10 mM PMSF and 1 mM Tos-PheCh2Cl; 10 microM 2-mercaptoethanol, and 1 mM Tos-LysCH2Cl do not affect the enzymatic activity. The major site for the cleavage of bradykinin is the Phe5-Ser6 peptide bond. The serine-peptidase is found in the liver of all vertebrates so far studied.
- Published
- 1986
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Isolation and partial characterization of rabbit urinary kallikrein.
- Author
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Stella RC, Duarte PC, Araujo-Viel MS, Sampaio MU, and Sampaio CA
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Chromatography, Affinity, Chromatography, Ion Exchange, Indicators and Reagents, Kallikreins isolation & purification, Kinetics, Molecular Sequence Data, Molecular Weight, Rabbits, Substrate Specificity, Kallikreins urine
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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