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This thesis aims to study the national and cultural identity of Argentines studying in Denmark with a double citizenship. A corpus of theories related to Citizenship, Migration, Transnationalism, Nationhood and Identity have been selected and developed in the theoretical framework in order to get a profound insight of our investigation. Argentine’s identity construction will be analyzed from a Postcolonial and Decolonial perspective including the effects of the myth of Argentina as a white colony. For the purposes of this study we have implemented a qualitative research: we have included in depth semi-structured interviews, thematic analysis and certain elements of Autoethnography. The outcome of the interviews we have conducted shed light on the participants' transnational experience while studying abroad with a double citizenship. Moreover, we have considered belonging and unbelonging dynamics as a prism from where to study the identity’s construction of our target group and their interactions with their sending and receiving countries.Keywords:.

This thesis aims to study the national and cultural identity of Argentines studying in Denmark with a double citizenship. A corpus of theories related to Citizenship, Migration, Transnationalism, Nationhood and Identity have been selected and developed in the theoretical framework in order to get a profound insight of our investigation. Argentine’s identity construction will be analyzed from a Postcolonial and Decolonial perspective including the effects of the myth of Argentina as a white colony. For the purposes of this study we have implemented a qualitative research: we have included in depth semi-structured interviews, thematic analysis and certain elements of Autoethnography. The outcome of the interviews we have conducted shed light on the participants' transnational experience while studying abroad with a double citizenship. Moreover, we have considered belonging and unbelonging dynamics as a prism from where to study the identity’s construction of our target group and their interactions with their sending and receiving countries.

В статье обращено внимание на необходимость анализа положений проекта федерального закона № 49269-8 «О гражданстве Российской Федерации», внесенного Президентом Российской Федерации., The article draws attention to the need to analyze the provisions of the draft federal law № 49269-8 «On Citizenship of the Russian Federation», introduced by the President of the Russian Federation.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES This study presents questionings that resulted from an ethnographic study which was carried out in the years between 2015-2017. The reflections of this master thesis sought to answer the following research question: Would the process of legal recognition of Italian citizenship be arousing feelings of belonging and identification with Italians and Italian-Brazilians in descendants of Italian immigrants in Brazil? Therefore, this is an ethnographic study carried out among descendants of Italian immigrants who had completed their legal processes of recognition of their Italian citizenship, which aimed at understanding the dynamics involved in these processes. The specific objectives of this study were to identify the social and cultural elements that come to be valued by these Italian-Brazilian citizens and to observe the narratives among these double citizens and their understandings of the importance of social networks (virtual and non-virtual) in the construction of a self-definition as an ethnical group. Those perceptions led us to observe that there is a valorization of affective ties with the past brought by those Italian ancestors. Also, these affective ties are revitalized today through cultural expressions; family reunions; memories of the immigration, and the process of recognition of Italian citizenship. This process is not only a result of a political right, but it is also an ethnical marker of the diversity of this group on Brazilian soil. Moreover, it forms an agency and an Italian-Brazilian identity that guarantees social status before other ethnical groups in Brazil. The recognition of their Italian citizenship, however, does not make them Italians when they are in foreign lands. Os questionamentos apresentados nessa dissertação partem de uma pesquisa etnográfica realizada entre os anos de 2015 a 2017. As reflexões que aqui se inserem, buscaram responder a seguinte problemática de pesquisa: estaria o processo do reconhecimento legal da cidadania italiana despertando nos descendentes de imigrantes italianos sentimentos de pertencimento e valorização da identificação como italianos e/ou ítalo-brasileiros? Desse modo, o objetivo da pesquisa buscou compreender, por meio de estudo etnográfico entre e com descendentes de imigrantes italianos que já haviam finalizado o processo legal de reconhecimento da cidadania italiana e já documentados, as dinâmicas envolvidas nesse processo de reconhecimento. Os objetivos específicos consistiram em identificar os elementos sociais e culturais que passam a ser valorizados por esses ítalo-brasileiros; observar as narrativas entre os duplos cidadãos e suas percepções sobre o “ser ítalo-brasileiro” entender a importância das redes sociais (virtuais e não virtuais) na construção de uma auto definição enquanto grupo étnico. Dessas percepções foi possível observar que há uma valorização dos laços afetivos com o passado trazido pelos ancestrais e que são revitalizados hoje apor meio das expressões culturais, dos encontros de família e das memórias da imigração, e ainda, pelo processo de reconhecimento da cidadania italiana. Esse processo surge não apenas como um direito político que de fato ele é, mas também como um marcador étnico das diversidades do grupo em solo brasileiro, formando agência e uma ítalo-brasilianidade que garante status perante os demais grupos no Brasil, mas, que não os torna italianos como os de solo quando se encontram em terras estrangeiras.

The thesis entitled "Development of the Institution of State Citizenship in the Czech Republic and the Contemporary Situation" deals with the theoretical concept of the institute of citizenship, the content of the term, the historic origins of the archetype of modern citizenship in the ancient world and in the territory of the present Czech Republic, its stipulation in private law regulations, and its gradual transformation into a public institute. The thesis is a genesis of the constitutional and legal regulation in Czechoslovakia between 1918 to 1992, in the Czech Republic as the subject of the Czechoslovak Federation between 1969 and 1992, and in the autonomous Czech Republic from 1993 to the present. The thesis also refers to the international conventional regulation of the institute of citizenship, which is the expression of the sovereignty of a state, but multilateral international agreements between countries create a uniform platform of this institute, mainly within Europe. Court jurisdiction is also discussed, namely of the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic in relation to the content and interpretation of the institute of citizenship in the legislation of the Czech Republic.

This article explores the phenomenonof legal conflict; author considers its essence, causes and importance to society and the state.Article analyzes existing legal conflicts in Ukraine as a kind of social conflicts, their sources and motivations of their subjects and the consequences of their influence on the process of decentralization carried out by state authorities in Ukraine.Relevant proposals are developed in relation to trendsand resolution mechanisms., В даній статті досліджується питання такого правового феномену, як юридичний конфлікт; розкривається його сутність, причини виникнення і значення для суспільства і держави. Провадиться аналіз наявних в Україні юридичних конфліктів, як різновиду соціальних конфліктів, їхніх джерел і мотивацій їхніх суб’єктів, а також наслідків їхнього впливу на процес здійснюваної децентралізації державної влади в Україні. Здійснюються напрацювання відповідних пропозицій щодо напрямів та механізмів їх розв’язання.

ln my work l would like to bring into discussion several problems related to the topics of the conference, regarding my country. Moldova, as a post-soviet country. That would be the intense migration from Moldova towards West, seen as the perfect place for working and living: and the double citizenship, Romanian and Moldavian, considered a path towards European Union. The stated problems have huge importance, because they have created social gaps. Some of the matters that iwould like to analyze related to migration are illegal migration, discrimination, human traffic, prostitution, family and child abandon, decrease of population, decrease of mostly young population, because of the severe unemployment. Regarding double citizenship, l would like to present this topic from the point of view of the citizens and the strong tie with migration. l strongly believe that, some urgent and concrete measures should be taken to diminish at least these problems. Concerning migration as an international issue should be solved towards agreements, in order to ensure the protection of workers, especially illegal ones. And double citizenship is an internal matter that can be solved by imposing stricter rules to the legal capacity to achieve the citizenship. l will provide a more detailed perspective of state problems and measures in my work. l think that my paper is an important research that must be an echo to the world regarding the situation from from Moldova, a small, post-soviet country., Çalışmamda konferans konularına uygun olarak ülkem ile alakalı eski Sovyet'e ilişkin tartışmalara değineceğim. Moldova'dan daha iyi yaşam ve çalışma koşullarına sahip olabilmek için batıya yapılan yoğun göç aynı zamanda Romanya ve Moldovya vatandaşlığı elde edilmekte ve Avrupa Birliğine giden bir yol olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Oluşan sosyal boşluklar büyük önem taşıyan sorunlara neden olmaktadır. Göç konusuna ilişkin analiz etmek istediğim başlıklar: hukuka aykırı göç, ayırımcılık, insan yoğunluğu, fuhuş: ağır işsizlik dolayısıyla genç nüfustaki azalış. Vatandaşlık ve göç üzerinden çifte vatandaşlık olgusuna değinmek istiyorum. İnanıyorum ki alınan bazı acil ve yoğun önlemler bu problemleri eksiltecektir. Uluslararası arenada anlaşmalarca çözülmesi gereken bir husus ise çalışanların - özellikle hukuk dışı bir yolla-korunmasıdır. Ayrıca çifte vatandaşlığın ülke içinde daha sıkı kurallar ile düzenlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu problemlerin ve önlemlerinin daha detaylı çalışmasını sunacağım. Moldova'daki gibi, eski Sovyet örneğinde olduğu gibi bu çalışmamın küçükten büyüğe bir yankı olacağını düşünmekteyim.

Представлен анализ ситуации двойного гражданства в Кыргызской Республике и политики её Правительства в решении проблем двойного гражданства на основе международных правовых норм., In this article was given analysis on doublecitizenship situation in Kyrgyz Republic and the policy of the Government in problem solving on basis of international legal regulations.

Kaip ir Antikos laikais, taip ir šiandien, pilietybė simbolizuoja žmogaus teisinius įsipareigojimus savo valstybei. Pilietis yra ne tik pavaldus tam tikros šalies valdžiai, bet kartu yra jos saugomas bei globojamas. Pilietybė yra daugiau nei teisinis statusas – tai moralinis įsipareigojimas, jungiantis valstybę ir jos žmones. Lietuvoje galioja bene griežčiausia pilietybės politika visoje Europos Sąjungoje (ES), o dviguba pilietybė yra suteikiama remiantis dar reiklesniais kriterijais ir tik įstatymo numatytais išskirtiniais atvejais. Vis dėlto globalizacijos procesams naikinant tradicines valstybių sienas bei pamažu keičiant gyventojų vertybinius įsitikinimus, esama pilietybės politika mūsų šalyje ima kelti vis daugiau problemų, todėl privalo būti peržvelgta. Šiame darbe, pasitelkiant N. Zahariadis patobulintą srovių modelį, siekiama išsiaiškinti, kaip dvigubos pilietybės klausimas pasiekė dabartinį sprendimų priėmimo etapą. Mėginsime žingsnis po žingsnio atsekti, kodėl šis, ilgus metus Lietuvos politinėje arenoje eskaluojamas, klausimas taip ir liko neišspręstas? Dėl kokių priežasčių dabartinė situacija yra palanki galų gale tai padaryti? Atsižvelgiant į tai, kad tyrimo metu nebuvo aišku, ar Seimas priims sprendimą rengti 2014 m. referendumą, išnagrinėjus teorinio srovių modelio teikiamas prielaidas, bandoma prognozuoti, ar referendumas iš tiesų įvyks. Darbu siekiama ne tik išnagrinėti susiklosčiusias politines aplinkybes dvigubos pilietybės klausimui išspręsti, bet ir patikrinti N. Zahariadis srovių modelio teorijos aiškinamąją galią. As in the times of Antiquity, so is today, citizenship symbolises the legal obligations of a person to his state. A citizen is not only subordinate to the authority of a particular country, but is also protected and guarded by it. Citizenship is more than a legal status - it is a moral commitment that unites the state and its people. Perhaps the strongest force of citizenship policies in the European Union (EU) is valid in Lithuania, and the dual citizenship is granted on the basis of strict criteria and only in exceptional cases provided by law. However, while the processes of globalisation destroy traditional borders of the states and gradually changes state beliefs of the citizens, current citizenship policy in our country starts to cause more and more problems, therefore it needs to be revised. In this work, using an improved stream model of N. Zahariadis, the aim is to find out how the dual citizenship issue have reached the current stage of the decision-making. We will try to trace, step by step, why this question, that is being escalated in a political arena of Lithuania remained unsolved for many years? For what reasons this current situation is favourable to finally do this? Taking into account the fact, that during the investigation it wasn't clear, whether the Parliament will accept the decision to hold a referendum, in 2014. After analysing assumptions provided by the theoretical model of streams, it is trying to be predicted whether a referendum is indeed going to happen. The main goal of the work is not only to examine the prevailing political circumstances of the dual citizenship issue but also to check the explanatory power of N. Zahariadis stream theory model.

The main problems and obstacles to ethnonational consolidation of the Ukrainian society are investigated. Among them — the discontent of some ethnos with their status, the level of guaranteeing their rights and interests used outside by means of political, financial and cultural support. The author proves that these mechanisms complicate the process of the Ukrainian society ethnonational consolidation in some regions, nourishing the disintegrative tendencies of ethnopolitical disunity.

Tauta yra valstybės bei jos politinės santvarkos kūrėja. Dalyvavimą valstybės valdyme bei priklausymą valstybinei tautai rodo piliečio statusas. Tarptautinėje teisėje yra įtvirtintas principas, kad kiekviena valstybė pagal savo teisę nustato, kas yra jos piliečiai. Tuo pat metu valstybės turi gerbti laisvą tautų apsisprendimo teisę. Kokiai tautybei save priskirti, kokią kultūrą bei tradicijas puoselėti, yra asmens apsisprendimo reikalas ir negali būti reguliuojama jokiais valstybės teisės aktais. Pilietybė dažniausiai yra įgyjama gimimu arba natūralizacijos būdu. Valstybės vykdo tam tikrą pilietybės politiką priklausomai nuo tautinės savivokos. Pavyzdžiui, JAV, kur viena šalia kitos yra daugelis kultūrų ir tautų, yra įtvirtintas taip vadinamas individualus-civilinis pilietybės modelis. Vokietijoje, kurioje tauta suvokiama kaip valstybės pagrindas, yra pasirinktas kolektyvinis-etninis pilietybės modelis. Prancūzija, kur tauta suvokiama kaip valstybės kūrinys, yra civilinio-kolektyvinio pilietybės modelio šalininkė. Lietuvos Respublikoje po Konstitucinio Teismo 2006m. lapkričio 13d. nutarimo, kuriame yra pabrėžiama, jog Lietuvos valstybę reikia suvokti, kaip pilietinę tautą, kilo daugybė diskusijų dėl to, kokia yra Lietuvos tautinė savivoka. Skirtingų valstybių ne vienodas pilietybės instituto teisinis reguliavimas kartais gali lemti, kad asmuo turės dvigubą pilietybę. Svarbu išsiaiškinti ar dvigubos pilietybės įgijimo sąlygos gali būti pagrįstos tautinės priklausomybės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] The people are the most important element of the country. Every person, that is a part of the nation of the particular country, so that to belong to the civic nation must hold the status of the citizen. It is an international law principal that every country according to its national law defines who its citizens are, but at the same time the country must not violate the right to self-determination. Every person has a right to decide himself what nationality he considers himself or what nationality he wants to belong to. The option in any case cannot be regulated by the decisions of the government. The most common way in any country to get a citizenship is by birth or naturalization. The policy of citizenship depends of the countries ethnic identity that is how the country understands what the people in it are. For example, USA, traditional multicultural country has individualistic- civic model of citizenship, according to which the nation is conceived as a collective of sovereign individuals. Germany has a collectivistic-ethnic idea of nation and nationality, where the fusion of citizenship and nationality mean that the non-nationals would be treated as non-citizens. French have civic-collectivistic model, according to which an individual can acquire nationality, that is, citizenship through a process of assimilation. After the decision of November 13, 2006 of Constitutional Court of Lithuania, the issue of what is the ethnic identity of Lithuania became an open debate. The... [to full text]

Remiantis pilietybės sąvoka ir personalistine teisės samprata, straipsnyje formuluojamas teisinis (ne vien įstatymais besiremiantis) požiūris į dvigubą pilietybę. Pati teisė į pilietybę konkretinama atsižvelgiant į teisnumą ir subjektinę teisę, tuo siekiant atskirti teisę į pilietybę kaip formalų leidimą, nuo pilietybės kaip to leidimo įgyvendinimo pareigų vykdymu. Teisnumo požiūriu kiekvienas lietuvis, kur jis begyventų, turi teisę tapti Lietuvos Respublikos piliečiu. Bet jei jis nori savo teisnumo lygmens teisę į pilietybę paversti subjektine, privalo susisaistyti su Lietuvos Respublika abipusėmis teisėmis ir pareigomis, t. y. pripažinti, kad įgydamas teisę kurti, tobulinti Lietuvos valstybę, naudotis jos globa, jis kartu įsipareigoja tą valstybę išlaikyti ir ginti (tai galioja tik veiksniems ir pajamų turintiems asmenims). Tokia yra pilietybės teisinė logika. Jei asmuo siekia įgyti subjektinę teisę į dviejų valstybių globą, bet sutinka vykdyti pareigas, susijusias tik su viena valstybe, tai antrosios pilietybės jis siekia kaip privilegijos. O privilegijas, kaip ignoruojančias visų piliečių lygiateisiškumo principą, draudžia tiek Lietuvos Konstitucija, tiek ir tarptautinės teisės aktai. Valstybė, kaip piliečių kūrinys ir savastis, gyvuoja tik tiek, kiek piliečiai vykdo pareigas ją ginti ir mokėti jos išlaikymo mokesčius. Demokratinėje, teisinėje valstybėje pilietybė neatiminėjama: pilietybės galima tik sąmoningai atsisakyti arba ją prarasti atsisakant vykdyti iš jos kylančias pareigas. Tik labai retais atvejais, kai konkretus asmuo sąmoningai nori ir iš tikrųjų sugeba vienu metu vykdyti pareigas dviem ar daugiau valstybių, jis iš principo gali būti "n" valstybių piliečiu. Tačiau praktiškai tai būtų sunkiai įvykdomas arba iš viso neįvykdomas įsipareigojimas. Turint tai galvoje, daugelio šalių įstatymai, taip pat ir Lietuvos Konstitucija vadovaudamasi bendra taisykle draudžia dvigubą pilietybę kaip potencialią privilegiją. Konstitucija faktiškai tik protokoluoja tą draudimą, kurį padiktuoja dvigubos pilietybės siekiančio asmens objektyvus nepajėgumas vienu metu laikytis dviejų valstybių įstatymų, mokėti dvi valstybes išlaikančius mokesčius. On the basis of the concept of citizenship and the personalized concept of law, the article formulates a legal (not legalistic) approach to double citizenship. The right to citizenship itself is addressed as an aspect of legal capacity and as a subjective right. This enables to make a distinction between the right to citizenship as a formal permission and citizenship as an implementation of such a permission through the performance of one's obligations. As far as legal capacity is concerned, every Lithuanian, irrespective of the location of his/her residence, is entitled to become a citizen of the Republic of Lithuania. However, if he/she wishes to transform his/her right to citizenship from a capacity-level to a subjective right, he/she must become linked to the Republic of Lithuania by mutual rights and obligations, i.e., to recognize that, along with the right to create and improve the Lithuanian state, as well as to make use of the protection it provides, one also acquires an obligation to support and defend the state (valid only for legally capable persons and those receiving revenue). Such is the legal logic of citizenship. If a person seeks to acquire subjective right to protection of two states, but agrees to perform his/her duties in respect to one state only, he/she seeks the second citizenship as a privilege. However, privileges are prohibited by the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania and international legal acts as in violation of the principle of equality of all citizens. The state as an entity created by citizens exists only to the extent the citizens perform their duties to defend the state and pay taxes to support it. In a democratic state ruled by law citizenship is not taken away: one may deliberately renounce his/her citizenship or lose it by refusing to perform one's duties that derive from his/her citizenship. Only in very rare cases, when a specific person is willing and is indeed capable of simultaneously performing his/her duties to two or more states, he/she in principle may be a Citizen of n" states. However, practically such obligation would be very difficult or even impossible to implement. Taking this into account, laws of many countries, including also the Constitution of Lithuania, as a general rule prohibits double citizenship as a potential privilege. The Constitution only records the prohibition dictated by objective inability of a person seeking double citizenship to simultaneously abide by laws of two states and to pay taxes supporting two states.

Straipsnyje atskleidžiama Konstitucijos 12 straipsnio nuostatos "išskyrus įstatymo numatytus atskirus atvejus, niekas negali būti kartu Lietuvos Respublikos ir kitos valstybės pilietis" konstitucinė samprata. Taikant sisteminį ir teleologinį teisės aiškinimo metodą parodoma, jog minėta konstitucinė nuostata reiškia, kad įstatymo nustatyti atvejai, kai Lietuvos Respublikos pilietis tuo pat metu yra ir kitos valstybės pilietis, gali būti tik labai reti (atskiri), kad dvigubos pilietybės atvejai turi būti ypač reti - išimtiniai, kad pagal Konstituciją negalima nustatyti tokio teisinio reguliavimo, kad dvigubos pilietybės atvejai būtų ne ypač retos išimtys, bet paplitęs reiškinys. [...] Priėmus Konstituciją įstatymų leidėjas laipsniškai plėtė asmenų, tuo pat metu galinčių būti ir Lietuvos Respublikos, ir kitos valstybės piliečiais, sąrašą. [...] Ieškant būdų, kaip nerengiant referendumo tikslinti Konstituciją taip, kad dvigubos pilietybės atvejai nebūtų ypač reti - išimtiniai, buvo pateiktas pasiūlymas papildyti Konstitucijos 32 straipsnį nuostata, kad Lietuvos pilietybės prieš savo valią negali netekti gimdamas ją įgijęs asmuo. Siūloma nauja Konstitucijos nuostata konkuruotų su ta, kuri yra įtvirtinta Konstitucijos 12 straipsnyje. Konstitucijos 12 straipsnio nuostatos gali būti keičiamos tik referendumu, todėl straipsnyje parodoma, kad Seimas negali papildyti Konstitucijos 32 straipsnio kaip siūloma - negali jame nustatyti taisyklės, konkuruojančios su įtvirtinta Konstitucijos 12 straipsnyje. The article reveals the constitutional meaning of the provision of Article 12 of the Constitution “with the exception of individual cases, provided for by the law, no one may be a citizen both of the Republic of Lithuania and another state at the same time”. By applying the systematic and teleological law interpretation method, it is shown that the said constitutional provision means that the cases, provided by the law, when a citizen of the Republic of Lithuania is also a citizen of another state at the same time, may be only very rare/individual, that the cases of double citizenship are exceptional and that according to the Constitution it is impossible to impose such legal regulation that the cases of double citizenship become not an exceptionally rare, but rather a widely spread phenomenon. [...] Upon passing the Constitution the legislator gradually extended the list of persons, who may be citizens of both the Republic of Lithuania and another state at the same time. [...] When searching for the ways of amending the Constitution in the way that results in the situation where the cases of double citizenship are not exceptionally rare without arranging a referendum, a proposal was presented to supplement Article 32 of the Constitution with the provision that a person, who acquires the citizenship of the Republic of Lithuania at birth cannot be deprived of the citizenship against his/her own will. The proposed new provision of the Constitution would conflict with the one consolidated in Article 12 of the Constitution. The provisions of Article 12 of the Constitution may be amended only by the way of referendum therefore the article states that the Parliament may not supplement Article 32 of the Constitution by consolidating the rule, which would conflict with the one, consolidated in Article 12 of the Constitution.

The Catholic South Slavic population (approximately 7, 000 persons) living in Romania was granted citizenship and Croatian minority status by both the Romanian and Croatian states at the beginning of the 1990s. This paper analyses the mechanisms through which this double status is ensured to the Croatian minority by the two states.

Dans cet article, l’auteur refait l’analyse de ses vieilles données sur les Autochtones du Canada, en bonne partie non publiées, afin d’éclaircir la méthode structurale, mais surtout pour aborder la question de l’identité citoyenne autochtone, à l’aide du concept de la « citoyenneté double ». Ces données indiquent que la Danse du Soleil des Sangs, observée en 1965, insère des narrations catholique et mormone dans la mythologie sans changer l’armature algonquine du passé, tandis que l’interprétation et la ritualisation autochtone de ce mélange de récits exprime très bien les soucis des Sangs contemporains. En y ajoutant l’analyse d’un mouvement de renouveau de la société métisse du Manitoba, on développe le concept de la « symbiose du renoncement » qui rend compte de la praxis de l’idéologie citoyenne autochtone, assortie de l’absorption de toutes les pressions assimilatrices. La citoyenneté double est un état précaire dont la survie dépend d’une vigilance redoublée., I have reanalysed old data, mostly unpublished, on Canadian Indigenes, partly in order to clarify the structural method, but mostly to attack the question of indigenous identity, with the help of a concept of « double citizenship ». My data indicate that the Sun Danse of the Blood tribe, observed in 1965, inserts catholic and Mormon narrations in the mythology without changing the older Algonquin armature, but its indigenous interpretation and ritualisation expresses the contemporary preoccupations of the Blood tribe very clearly. After adding an analysis of an innovating movement of a community of Manitoban Metis, I offer a concept of the « symbiosis of renunciation » that could lie at the foundation of the vigilant protection of indigenous citizenship ideology absorbing assimilation pressures. Double citizenship, then, is a precarious state whose survival depends on redoubled vigilance., En este artículo, el autor vuelve a analizar sus antiguos datos sobre los Autóctonos de Canadá, en buena parte no publicados, parcialmente con el fin de clarificar el método estructural, pero sobre todo con el fin de abordar la cuestión de la identidad ciudadana autóctona, con la ayuda del concepto de « doble ciudadanía ». Dichos datos muestran que la Danza del Sol de los Sangs, observada en 1965, incorpora relatos católicos y mormones en la mitología sin modificar la estructura algonquina del pasado, mientras que la interpretación y la ritualización autóctona de dicha combinación de historias traduce bastante bien las preocupaciones de los Sangs contemporáneos. Agregando el análisis de un movimiento de renovación de la sociedad mestiza de Manitoba, se desarrolla el concepto de « simbiosis de la abnegación » que da cuenta de la praxis de la ideología ciudadana autóctona, combinada con la absorción de todas las presiones asimiladoras. La doble ciudadanía es un estado anímico precario cuya perennidad depende de una vigilancia redoblada.