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To understand the development of public health in Croatia, there are newer insights into the life and work of John the Baptist Lalangue. John the Baptist Lalangue is most valued for implementation of the imperial law on public health and promotion of midwifery in Croatia during the second half of the 18th century. Lalangue is the author of the first printed medical textbook in Croatian, published in 1776, entitled Medicina ruralis iliti Vrachtva ladanyszka, za potrebochu musev, y sziromakov Horvatczkoga orszaga y okolu nyega, blisnesseh mest, Trattnern, Varaždin. In the same period, Lalangue published the first Croatian midwifery textbook entitled Brevis institute de reobstetritia iliti kratek navuk od mestrie pupkorezne za potrebochu muskeh y sziromaskeh ladanovskaya horvatskoga orszaga y okolo nyega blisnesseh sztrankih, Trattnern, Zagreb. In 1779, Lalangue published his balneological debut in Croatian, the book Tractatus de aquis medicati Regnorum Croatiae et Slavoniae Iliti Izpiszavanye vrachtvenih vod Horvatzkoga y Slavonskoga orszaga y od nachina nye vsivati za potrebochu lyudih, Trattnern, Zagreb. Lalangue’s works were used in systematic training and education of midwives and they, as well as Lalangue, have an inevitable place in the history of Croatian midwifery. During his life and work, John the Baptist Lalangue made immeasurable contribution to the development of Croatian public health., Za razumijevanje razvoja javnoga zdravstva u Hrvatskoj bitne su novije spoznaje o životu i radu Ivana Krstitelja Lalanguea. Ivan Krstitelj Lalangue je najzaslužniji za provođenje carskoga zakona o javnom zdravstvu iz 1770. godine i promicanja primaljstva u Hrvatskoj tijekom druge polovice 18. stoljeća. Lalangue je autor prvog tiskanog originalnog medicinskog udžbenika na hrvatskom jeziku (“Medicina ruralis iliti Vrachtva ladanyszka, za potrebochu musev, y sziromakov Horvatczkoga orszaga i okolu nyega, blisnesseh meszt”, Trattnern, Varaždin, 1776.). Lalangue je autor i prvog hrvatskog primaljskog udžbenika (“Brevis institutio de reobstetritia iliti kratek navuk od mestrie pupkorezne za potrebochu muskeh y sziromaskeh ladanskeh sen horvatskoga orszaga y okolo nyega blisnesseh sztrankih”, Trattnern, Zagreb, 1777.). Isto tako, Lalangue je autor i hrvatskog balneološkog prvijenca (“Tractatus de aquis medicati regnumum Croatiae et Slavoniae, iliti Izpiszavanye vrachtvenih vod Horvatzkoga i Slavonskoga orszaga i od nachina na sveznati za potrebbochu lyudih”, Trattnern, Zagreb, 1779.). Lalangueovi su radovi korišteni u sustavnom obrazovanju hrvatskih primalja te su imali nezaobilazno mjesto u povijesti hrvatskoga primaljstva. Njegova su djela i cjelokupni život unaprijedili javnozdravstvene uvjete na područje Hrvatske pa isti temeljem novijih spoznaja dobiva sve veće značenje.

Background Heterotopic pregnancy refers to the simultaneous coexistence of an intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy. In natural conception it is very rare, with a rising incidence in patients undergoing assisted reproduction technologies. It presents a serious diagnostic problem which is often misdiagnosed. Currently, there are no standard protocols for the treatment and diagnosis of heterotopic pregnancy. Methods Two rare cases of spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy are presented. Result The first patient had a complete abortion upon which an extrauterine pregnancy was detected. The second patient, after an extrauterine pregnancy removal, progressed with an intrauterine pregnancy until full term and it ended with the delivery of a healthy infant. Conclusion Two demonstrated cases underscore that whenever abnormal adnexal findings are presented and the beta-hCG blood test is positive, the possibility of a heterotopic pregnancy should be suspected.

Aim. We wanted to explore the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women and women after giving birth to oral health. Likewise, we wanted to determine whether there was any awareness of oral hygiene during pregnancy in the population. Our aim was to establish the correlation between oral hygiene habits in relation to age, level of education and place of residence (urban / rural) and to determine the importance of the role of experts in further education of the patient. Study design. A cross-sectional study. Patients and methods. The subjects were patients admitted to the Maternal and Puerperal Ward of the General Hospital Zabok in the period from December 1st 2016 till February 15th 2017. Data for statistical analysis were obtained based on an anonymous questionnaire of 15 questions. Results. Nearly half of pregnant women and women after delivery (49%) believe that oral hygiene does not affect the outcome of pregnancy. In Planned Parenthood pregnancy 70% of women with the lowest levels of education are not going to control dental examinations. Over 90% of highly educated respondents used additional oral hygiene products, while only 20% of women with low levels of education used additional products. The results showed that 71% of women thought they had not received enough oral health information from their doctor. Also, in 60% of respondents, primary data on oral hygiene and health were not received by health professionals but from other sources. Conclusion. The obtained data show that almost half of the respondents did not develop the habit of awareness of the need for oral hygiene. The prevalence of monitoring the level of education but are weaker indicators correlate with low skill levels. The emphasis of the modern approach to the prevention of and given that over half of the surveyed women does not the necessary knowledge of oral health opens space for continuing education and the promotion of information programs by the health system.