106 results on '"Donald G. McLaren"'
Search Results
2. Inter-Rater Reliability of Preprocessing EEG Data: Impact of Subjective Artifact Removal on Associative Memory Task ERP Results
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Steven D. Shirk, Donald G. McLaren, Jessica S. Bloomfield, Alex Powers, Alec Duffy, Meghan B. Mitchell, Ali Ezzati, Brandon A. Ally, and Alireza Atri
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EEG/ERP ,memory ,preprocessing ,inter-rater reliability ,artifacts ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
The processing of EEG data routinely involves subjective removal of artifacts during a preprocessing stage. Preprocessing inter-rater reliability (IRR) and how differences in preprocessing may affect outcomes of primary event-related potential (ERP) analyses has not been previously assessed. Three raters independently preprocessed EEG data of 16 cognitively healthy adult participants (ages 18–39 years) who performed a memory task. Using intraclass correlations (ICCs), IRR was assessed for Early-frontal, Late-frontal, and Parietal Old/new memory effects contrasts across eight regions of interest (ROIs). IRR was good to excellent for all ROIs; 22 of 26 ICCs were above 0.80. Raters were highly consistent in preprocessing across ROIs, although the frontal pole ROI (ICC range 0.60–0.90) showed less consistency. Old/new parietal effects had highest ICCs with the lowest variability. Rater preprocessing differences did not alter primary ERP results. IRR for EEG preprocessing was good to excellent, and subjective rater-removal of EEG artifacts did not alter primary memory-task ERP results. Findings provide preliminary support for robustness of cognitive/memory task-related ERP results against significant inter-rater preprocessing variability and suggest reliability of EEG to assess cognitive-neurophysiological processes multiple preprocessors are involved.
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- 2017
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3. OptiC: Robust and Automatic Spinal Cord Localization on a Large Variety of MRI Data Using a Distance Transform Based Global Optimization.
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Charley Gros, Benjamin De Leener, Sara M. Dupont, Allan R. Martin, Michael G. Fehlings, Rohit Bakshi, Subhash Tummala, Vincent Auclair, Donald G. McLaren, Virginie Callot, Michaël Sdika, and Julien Cohen-Adad
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- 2017
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4. Automatic spinal cord localization, robust to MRI contrasts using global curve optimization.
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Charley Gros, Benjamin De Leener, Sara M. Dupont, Allan R. Martin, Michael G. Fehlings, Rohit Bakshi, Subhash Tummala, Vincent Auclair, Donald G. McLaren, Virginie Callot, Julien Cohen-Adad, and Michaël Sdika
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- 2018
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5. Harvard Aging Brain Study: Dataset and accessibility.
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Alexander Dagley, Molly LaPoint, Willem Huijbers, Trey Hedden, Donald G. McLaren, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Kathryn V. Papp, Rebecca E. Amariglio, Deborah Blacker, Dorene M. Rentz, Keith A. Johnson, Reisa A. Sperling, and Aaron P. Schultz
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- 2017
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6. Automatic segmentation of the spinal cord and intramedullary multiple sclerosis lesions with convolutional neural networks.
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Charley Gros, Benjamin De Leener, Atef Badji, Josefina Maranzano, Dominique Eden, Sara M. Dupont, Jason Talbott, Ren Zhuoquiong, Yaou Liu, Tobias Granberg, Russell Ouellette, Yasuhiko Tachibana, Masaaki Hori, Kouhei Kamiya, Lydia Chougar, Leszek Stawiarz, Jan Hillert, Elise Bannier, Anne Kerbrat, Gilles Edan, Pierre Labauge, Virginie Callot, Jean Pelletier, Bertrand Audoin, Henitsoa Rasoanandrianina, Jean-Christophe Brisset, Paola Valsasina, Maria Assunta Rocca, Massimo Filippi, Rohit Bakshi, Shahamat Tauhid, Ferran Prados, Marios C. Yiannakas, Hugh Kearney, Olga Ciccarelli, Seth A. Smith, Constantina Andrada Treaba, Caterina Mainero, Jennifer Lefeuvre, Daniel S. Reich, Govind Nair, Vincent Auclair, Donald G. McLaren, Allan R. Martin, Michael G. Fehlings, Shahabeddin Vahdat, Ali Khatibi, Julien Doyon, Timothy M. Shepherd, Erik Charlson, Sridar Narayanan, and Julien Cohen-Adad
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- 2018
7. Template based rotation: A method for functional connectivity analysis with a priori templates.
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Aaron P. Schultz, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Willem Huijbers, Trey Hedden, Koene R. A. Van Dijk, Donald G. McLaren, Andrew M. Ward, Sarah E. Wigman, and Reisa A. Sperling
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- 2014
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8. Flexible modulation of network connectivity related to cognition in Alzheimer's disease.
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Donald G. McLaren, Reisa A. Sperling, and Alireza Atri
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- 2014
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9. Coevolution of brain structures in amnestic mild cognitive impairment.
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Owen T. Carmichael, Donald G. McLaren, Douglas Tommet, Dan Mungas, and Richard N. Jones
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- 2013
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10. The Encoding/Retrieval Flip: Interactions between Memory Performance and Memory Stage and Relationship to Intrinsic Cortical Networks.
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Willem Huijbers, Aaron P. Schultz, Patrizia Vannini, Donald G. McLaren, Sarah E. Wigman, Andrew M. Ward, Trey Hedden, and Reisa A. Sperling
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- 2013
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11. A generalized form of context-dependent psychophysiological interactions (gPPI): A comparison to standard approaches.
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Donald G. McLaren, Michele L. Ries, Guofan Xu, and Sterling C. Johnson
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- 2012
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12. Age-related changes in neural volume and microstructure associated with interleukin-6 are ameliorated by a calorie-restricted diet in old rhesus monkeys.
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A. A. Willette, Barbara B. Bendlin, Donald G. McLaren, Elisa Canu, Erik K. Kastman, Kris Kosmatka, Guofan Xu, Aaron S. Field, Andrew L. Alexander, R. J. Colman, R. H. Weindruch, C. L. Coe, and Sterling C. Johnson
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- 2010
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13. A population-average MRI-based atlas collection of the rhesus macaque.
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Donald G. McLaren, Kristopher J. Kosmatka, Terrance R. Oakes, Christopher D. Kroenke, Steven G. Kohama, John A. Matochik, Don K. Ingram, and Sterling C. Johnson
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- 2009
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14. Neurophysiology of swallowing: Effects of age and bolus type.
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Ianessa A. Humbert, Michelle E. Fitzgerald, Donald G. McLaren, Sterling C. Johnson, Eva Porcaro, Kris Kosmatka, Jacqueline Hind, and JoAnne Robbins
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- 2009
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15. Genetic map of regional sulcal morphology in the human brain
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Daniel Dixon, Sarah E. Medland, Tasfiya Islam, Fabrizio Pizzagalli, Donald G. McLaren, Stephanie Loomis, Iyad Ba Gari, Benjamin B. Sun, Paul M. Thompson, Alyssa H. Zhu, Heiko Runz, Jodie N. Painter, Christopher N. Foley, Megan E. Jensen, Neda Jahanshad, Biogen Biobank Team, Natalia Shatokhina, Christopher D. Whelan, and Sai Spandana Chintapalli
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Brain development ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Evolutionary biology ,Sequencing data ,medicine ,Morphology (biology) ,Cognition ,Disease ,Human brain ,Biology ,Genotyping ,Biobank - Abstract
The human brain is a complex organ underlying many cognitive and physiological processes, affected by a wide range of diseases. Genetic associations with macroscopic brain structure are emerging, providing insights into genetic sources of brain variability and risk for functional impairments and disease. However, specific associations with measures of local brain folding, associated with both brain development and decline, remain under-explored. Here we carried out detailed large-scale genome-wide associations of regional brain cortical sulcal measures derived from magnetic resonance imaging data of 40,169 individuals in the UK Biobank. Combining both genotyping and whole-exome sequencing data (∼12 million variants), we discovered 388 regional brain folding associations across 77 genetic loci at p−8, which replicated at pKCNK2 locus with a cortex-specific KCNK2 eQTL. Genetic correlations with neuropsychiatric conditions highlighted emerging patterns across distinct sulcal parameters and related phenotypes. We provide an interactive 3D visualisation of our summary associations, making complex association patterns easier to interpret, and emphasising the added resolution of regional brain analyses compared to global brain measures. Our results offer new insights into the genetic architecture underpinning brain folding and provide a resource to the wider scientific community for studies of pathways driving brain folding and their role in health and disease.
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- 2021
16. Changes in the amplitude and timing of the hemodynamic response associated with prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle.
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Morris B. Goldman, Linda Heidinger, Kirti Kulkarni, David C. Zhu, Andrew Chien, Donald G. McLaren, Javaid Shah, Charles E. Coffey Jr., Sadia Sharif, E. Elinor Chen, Stephen J. Uftring, Steven L. Small, Ana Solodkin, and Ramani S. Pilla
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- 2006
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17. Financial decision-making and capacity in older adults
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Donald G. McLaren, Daniel C. Marson, and Deborah L. Kerr
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Cognitive aging ,Finance ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Cognition ,Aging society ,Disease ,Developmental psychology ,Empirical research ,Early warning signs ,Conceptual model ,Psychology ,Cognitive impairment ,business ,media_common - Abstract
Financial capacity is an important instrumental activity of daily life that comprises those abilities needed for an individual independently to manage financial affairs in a manner consistent with personal self-interest and values. In this chapter, we examine the topic of financial capacity and decision-making in older adults in our aging society. Specifically, we discuss the crucial phenomenon of cognitive aging and diminished financial capacity, the impact on financial skills of cognitive disorders such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and early warning signs of diminished financial capacity. We present a useful clinical conceptual model of financial capacity, describe different approaches to assessing financial capacity, and then discuss empirical studies of financial capacity in older adults with a focus on patients with MCI and AD. This chapter concludes with sections addressing exciting new neuroimaging investigations of financial decision-making and capacity, the importance of psychiatric and other non-cognitive contributions to financial capacity in aging, and directions for future research.
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- 2021
18. List of contributors
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Carolyn M. Aldwin, Nicole Alea, Kaarin J. Anstey, Cynthia A. Berg, Susan Bluck, Steven M. Boker, Jennifer L. O’ Brien, Allyson F. Brothers, Catherine A. McCall, Cheng Chen, Jessica S. Damoiseaux, Manfred Diehl, Roger A. Dixon, Amanda F. Elliott, Sara B. Festini, Stephane P. Francioli, Linda Geerligs, Jeff Greenberg, Ann L. Horgas, Tiffany K. Jantz, Caitlin S. Kelly, Deborah L. Kerr, Michael L. Krieger, Hyunyup Lee, Franziskus Liem, Ziyong Lin, Cindy Lustig, Daniel S. Margulies, Daniel C. Marson, Benjamin T. Mast, Molly Maxfield, Donald G. McLaren, F. Nathaniel Watson, John R. Nesselroade, Michael S. North, Rachel Pruchno, Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz, K. Warner Schaie, Shubam Sharma, Eva-Maria Stelzer, S. Shyam Sundar, Rebecca L. Utz, Hans-Werner Wahl, Susan Krauss Whitbourne, Sherry L. Willis, Loriena Yancura, and Brian P. Yochim
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- 2021
19. Memory self-awareness in the preclinical and prodromal stages of Alzheimer’s disease
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Dorene M. Rentz, Bernard Hanseeuw, Patrizia Vannini, Donald G. McLaren, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Keith A. Johnson, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Rebecca E. Amariglio, and Reisa A. Sperling
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Male ,Memory Dysfunction ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Prodromal Symptoms ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Article ,050105 experimental psychology ,Diagnostic Self Evaluation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cost of Illness ,Retrosplenial cortex ,Alzheimer Disease ,Memory ,mental disorders ,Metamemory ,medicine ,Humans ,Dementia ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,Aniline Compounds ,Anosognosia ,05 social sciences ,Brain ,Cognition ,Awareness ,Middle Aged ,Mental Status and Dementia Tests ,medicine.disease ,Thiazoles ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,chemistry ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Disease Progression ,Female ,Radiopharmaceuticals ,Alzheimer's disease ,Pittsburgh compound B ,Psychology ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
While loss of insight of cognitive deficits, anosognosia, is a common symptom in Alzheimer’s disease dementia, there is a lack of consensus regarding the presence of altered awareness of memory function in the preclinical and prodromal stages of the disease. Paradoxically, very early in the Alzheimer’s disease process, individuals may experience heightened awareness of memory changes before any objective cognitive deficits can be detected, here referred to as hypernosognosia. In contrast, awareness of memory dysfunction shown by individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is very variable, ranging from marked concern to severe lack of insight. This study aims at improving our mechanistic understanding of how alterations in memory self-awareness are related to pathological changes in clinically normal (CN) adults and MCI patients. 297 CN and MCI patients underwent PiB-PET (Positron Emission Tomography using Pittsburgh Compound B) in vivo amyloid imaging. Amyloid burden was estimated from Alzheimer’s disease vulnerable regions, including the frontal, lateral parietal and lateral temporal, and retrosplenial cortex. Memory self-awareness was assessed using discrepancy scores between subjective and objective measures of memory function. A set of univariate analysis of variance were performed to assess the relationship between self-awareness of memory and amyloid pathology. Whereas CN individuals harboring amyloid pathology demonstrated hypernosognosia, MCI patients with increased amyloid pathology demonstrated anosognosia. In contrast, MCI patients with low amounts of amyloid were observed to have normal insight into their memory functions. Altered self-awareness of memory tracks with amyloid pathology. The findings of variability of awareness may have important implications for the reliability of self-report of dysfunction across the spectrum of preclinical and prodromal Alzheimer’s disease.
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- 2017
20. APOEε4 Genotype and Hypertension Modify 8-year Cortical Thinning: Five Occasion Evidence from the Seattle Longitudinal Study
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Philippe Rast, Karen M. Rodrigue, Alden L. Gross, Donald G. McLaren, Sherry L. Willis, K. Warner Schaie, Thomas J. Grabowski, Kristen M. Kennedy, and Paul Robinson
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Male ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Longitudinal study ,hypertension ,Genotype ,longitudinal modeling ,cortical thinning ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Apolipoprotein E4 ,Cortical thinning ,Audiology ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Cortex (anatomy) ,80 and over ,medicine ,Humans ,Psychology ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Longitudinal Studies ,Risk factor ,Brain aging ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Cerebral Cortex ,Thinning ,05 social sciences ,Neurosciences ,Experimental Psychology ,Original Articles ,Middle Aged ,Occipital Cortices ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Hypertension complications ,Hypertension ,Female ,Cognitive Sciences ,Neuroscience ,APOE ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
We investigated individual differences in longitudinal trajectories of brain aging in cognitively normal healthy adults from the Seattle Longitudinal Study covering 8 years of longitudinal change (across 5 occasions) in cortical thickness in 249 midlife and older adults (52-95 years old). We aimed to understand true brain change; examine the influence of salient risk factors that modify an individual's rate of cortical thinning; and compare cross-sectional age-related differences in cortical thickness to longitudinal within-person cortical thinning. We used Multivariate Multilevel Modeling to simultaneously model dependencies among 5 lobar composites (Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital, and Cingulate [CING]) and account for the longitudinal nature of the data. Results indicate (1) all 5 lobar composites significantly atrophied across 8 years, showing nonlinear longitudinal rate of cortical thinning decelerated over time, (2) longitudinal thinning was significantly altered by hypertension and Apolipoprotein-E ε4 (APOEε4), varying by location: Frontal and CING thinned more rapidly in APOEε4 carriers. Notably, thinning of parietal and occipital cortex showed synergistic effect of combined risk factors, where individuals who were both APOEε4 carriers and hypertensive had significantly greater 8-year thinning than those with either risk factor alone or neither risk factor, (3) longitudinal thinning was 3 times greater than cross-sectional estimates of age-related differences in thickness in parietal and occipital cortices.
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- 2017
21. Asymptomatic Alzheimer disease
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Timothy J. Hohman, David J. Libon, Katherine A. Gifford, Angela L. Jefferson, Donald G. McLaren, and Elizabeth C. Mormino
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Databases, Factual ,Apolipoprotein E4 ,Disease ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Hippocampus ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Alzheimer Disease ,Memory ,Humans ,Medicine ,Dementia ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Least-Squares Analysis ,Cognitive decline ,Resilience (network) ,Latent variable model ,Aged ,Disease Resistance ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Cognition ,Organ Size ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Neuroprotection ,030104 developmental biology ,Cognitive Aging ,Disease Progression ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Alzheimer's disease ,business ,Biomarkers ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Objective:To define robust resilience metrics by leveraging CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology within a latent variable framework and to demonstrate the ability of such metrics to predict slower rates of cognitive decline and protection against diagnostic conversion.Methods:Participants with normal cognition (n = 297) and mild cognitive impairment (n = 432) were drawn from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Resilience metrics were defined at baseline by examining the residuals when regressing brain aging outcomes (hippocampal volume and cognition) on CSF biomarkers. A positive residual reflected better outcomes than expected for a given level of pathology (high resilience). Residuals were integrated into a latent variable model of resilience and validated by testing their ability to independently predict diagnostic conversion, cognitive decline, and the rate of ventricular dilation.Results:Latent variables of resilience predicted a decreased risk of conversion (hazard ratio < 0.54, p < 0.0001), slower cognitive decline (β > 0.02, p < 0.001), and slower rates of ventricular dilation (β < −4.7, p < 2 × 10−15). These results were significant even when analyses were restricted to clinically normal individuals. Furthermore, resilience metrics interacted with biomarker status such that biomarker-positive individuals with low resilience showed the greatest risk of subsequent decline.Conclusions:Robust phenotypes of resilience calculated by leveraging AD biomarkers and baseline brain aging outcomes provide insight into which individuals are at greatest risk of short-term decline. Such comprehensive definitions of resilience are needed to further our understanding of the mechanisms that protect individuals from the clinical manifestation of AD dementia, especially among biomarker-positive individuals.
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- 2016
22. Cognitive function and neuropathological outcomes: a forward-looking approach
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Dan M Mungas, Terry M. Therneau, Donald G. McLaren, Doug Tommet, Teresa J. Filshtein, Elizabeth Munoz, Brianne M. Bettcher, and Trey Hedden
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Aging ,Neurology ,Standardized test ,Neuropathology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Alzheimer Disease ,Medicine ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Episodic memory ,Pathological ,Memory and aging ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Cognition ,Middle Aged ,Cognitive test ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of Alzheimer’s disease-related neuropathology burden at autopsy given older adults’ current cognitive state. METHOD: Participants included 1,303 individuals who enrolled in the Religious Orders Study (ROS) and 1,789 who enrolled in the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP). Cognitive status was evaluated via standardized assessments of global cognition and episodic memory. At the time of analyses, about 50% of participants were deceased with the remaining numbers right censored. Using multi-state Cox proportional hazard models, we compared the cognitive status of all subjects alive at a given age and estimated future risk of dying with different AD related neuropathologies. Endpoints considered were Braak Stages (0-2,3-4,5-6), CERAD (0,1,2,3) and TDP-43 (0,1,2,3) level. RESULTS: For all three pathological groupings (Braak, CERAD, TDP-43), we found that a cognitive test score one standard deviation below average put individuals at up to three times the risk for being diagnosed with late stage AD at autopsy according to pathological designations. The effect remained significant after adjusting for sex, APOE-e4 status, smoking status, education level, and vascular health scores. CONCLUSION: Applying multi-state modeling techniques, we were able to identify those at risk of exhibiting specific levels of neuropathology based on current cognitive test performance. This approach presents new and approachable possibilities in clinical settings for diagnosis and treatment development programs.
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- 2019
23. Automatic segmentation of the spinal cord and intramedullary multiple sclerosis lesions with convolutional neural networks
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Vincent Auclair, Ferran Prados, Jean-Christophe Brisset, Josefina Maranzano, Sridar Narayanan, Kouhei Kamiya, Constantina A. Treaba, Atef Badji, Hugh Kearney, Jean Pelletier, Pierre Labauge, Elise Bannier, Paola Valsasina, Erik Charlson, Daniel S. Reich, Olga Ciccarelli, Dominique Eden, Ren Zhuoquiong, Henitsoa Rasoanandrianina, Virginie Callot, Gilles Edan, Seth A. Smith, Marios C. Yiannakas, Jennifer Lefeuvre, Govind Nair, Allan R. Martin, Julien Cohen-Adad, Timothy M. Shepherd, Jason F. Talbott, Donald G. McLaren, Charley Gros, Masaaki Hori, Shahabeddin Vahdat, Julien Doyon, Yasuhiko Tachibana, Leszek Stawiarz, Shahamat Tauhid, Jan Hillert, Massimo Filippi, Lydia Chougar, Anne Kerbrat, Russell Ouellette, Caterina Mainero, Sara M. Dupont, Tobias Granberg, Bertrand Audoin, Ali Khatibi, Rohit Bakshi, Maria A. Rocca, Michael G. Fehlings, Benjamin De Leener, Yaou Liu, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging [San Francisco], University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Xuanwu Hospital of Capital, Deutsche Telekom Group, Department of Computer Science [Liverpool], University of Liverpool, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Juntendo University Hospital [Tokyo], Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Vision, Action et Gestion d'informations en Santé (VisAGeS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de neurologie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [CHU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Français de la Sclérose En Plaques [Lyon] (OFSEP), Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), NMR Research Unit [London], Institute of Neurology [London], University College of London [London] (UCL)-University College of London [London] (UCL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Vanderbilt University [Nashville], Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Biospective [Montréal], University of Toronto, Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle [Montréal] (UNF-CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Stanford University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], New York University Langone Medical Center (NYU Langone Medical Center), NYU System (NYU), CIHR FDN-143263, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, International Society of Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Svenska Sällskapet för Medicinsk Forskning, IVADO, EDMUS Foundation, TransMedTech, R01 EY023240 (SAS), NIH/NEI, RG-1501-02840 (SAS), National Multiple Sclerosis Society, Intramural Research Program, Hospital Programme of Clinical Research (PHRC), NCT02117375, EMISEP project, Fondation A*midex-Investissements d'Avenir, 435897-2013, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en plaques (OFSEP), 13034, MOP, Canada Research Chairs, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), 2015-PR-182754, Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Nature et Technologies, W81XWH-13-0073 (SAS), U.S. Department of Defense, ANR-10-COHO-002, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, R21 NS087465-01 (SAS), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Fondation Aix-Marseille Universite, SensoriMotor Rehabilitation Research Team (SMRRT), Wings for Life, 20150166, Stockholms Läns Landsting, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 28826, Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé, 32454, Canada Foundation for Innovation, Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California-University of California, SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Gros, Charley, De Leener, Benjamin, Badji, Atef, Maranzano, Josefina, Eden, Dominique, Dupont, Sara M., Talbott, Jason, Zhuoquiong, Ren, Liu, Yaou, Granberg, Tobia, Ouellette, Russell, Tachibana, Yasuhiko, Hori, Masaaki, Kamiya, Kouhei, Chougar, Lydia, Stawiarz, Leszek, Hillert, Jan, Bannier, Elise, Kerbrat, Anne, Edan, Gille, Labauge, Pierre, Callot, Virginie, Pelletier, Jean, Audoin, Bertrand, Rasoanandrianina, Henitsoa, Brisset, Jean-Christophe, Valsasina, Paola, Rocca, Maria A., Filippi, Massimo, Bakshi, Rohit, Tauhid, Shahamat, Prados, Ferran, Yiannakas, Mario, Kearney, Hugh, Ciccarelli, Olga, Smith, Seth, Treaba, Constantina Andrada, Mainero, Caterina, Lefeuvre, Jennifer, Reich, Daniel S., Nair, Govind, Auclair, Vincent, Mclaren, Donald G., Martin, Allan R., Fehlings, Michael G., Vahdat, Shahabeddin, Khatibi, Ali, Doyon, Julien, Shepherd, Timothy, Charlson, Erik, Narayanan, Sridar, and Cohen-Adad, Julien
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Image Processing ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Neurodegenerative ,computer.software_genre ,Convolutional neural network ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Pattern Recognition, Automated ,0302 clinical medicine ,Computer-Assisted ,Segmentation ,Voxel ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Medicine ,Spinal Cord Injury ,Observer Variation ,Spinal cord ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,05 social sciences ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,3. Good health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,Neurological ,Biomedical Imaging ,Convolutional neural networks ,[SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,MRI ,Automated ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cord ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects ,Neural Networks ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Bioengineering ,Pattern Recognition ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Autoimmune Disease ,050105 experimental psychology ,Article ,Lesion ,Multiple sclerosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Computer ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Multiple sclerosi ,Traumatic Head and Spine Injury ,Neurology & Neurosurgery ,business.industry ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Neurosciences ,Reproducibility of Results ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,medicine.disease ,Brain Disorders ,Neural Networks, Computer ,business ,computer ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The spinal cord is frequently affected by atrophy and/or lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Segmentation of the spinal cord and lesions from MRI data provides measures of damage, which are key criteria for the diagnosis, prognosis, and longitudinal monitoring in MS. Automating this operation eliminates inter-rater variability and increases the efficiency of large-throughput analysis pipelines. Robust and reliable segmentation across multi-site spinal cord data is challenging because of the large variability related to acquisition parameters and image artifacts. The goal of this study was to develop a fully-automatic framework, robust to variability in both image parameters and clinical condition, for segmentation of the spinal cord and intramedullary MS lesions from conventional MRI data. Scans of 1,042 subjects (459 healthy controls, 471 MS patients, and 112 with other spinal pathologies) were included in this multi-site study (n=30). Data spanned three contrasts (T1-, T2-, and T2*-weighted) for a total of 1,943 volumes. The proposed cord and lesion automatic segmentation approach is based on a sequence of two Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). To deal with the very small proportion of spinal cord and/or lesion voxels compared to the rest of the volume, a first CNN with 2D dilated convolutions detects the spinal cord centerline, followed by a second CNN with 3D convolutions that segments the spinal cord and/or lesions. When compared against manual segmentation, our CNN-based approach showed a median Dice of 95% vs. 88% for PropSeg, a state-of-the-art spinal cord segmentation method. Regarding lesion segmentation on MS data, our framework provided a Dice of 60%, a relative volume difference of -15%, and a lesion-wise detection sensitivity and precision of 83% and 77%, respectively. The proposed framework is open-source and readily available in the Spinal Cord Toolbox., Comment: 38 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
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- 2019
24. Automatic spinal cord localization, robust to MRI contrasts using global curve optimization
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Sara M. Dupont, Michaël Sdika, Vincent Auclair, Virginie Callot, Benjamin De Leener, Charley Gros, Subhash Tummala, Julien Cohen-Adad, Allan R. Martin, Rohit Bakshi, Michael G. Fehlings, Donald G. McLaren, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Biospective [Montréal], Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Service Informatique et développements, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Images et Modèles, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Mean squared error ,Wilcoxon signed-rank test ,Computer science ,[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging ,Health Informatics ,Image processing ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Hough transform ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Segmentation ,law ,Machine learning ,medicine ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Balance (ability) ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,business.industry ,Reproducibility of Results ,Pattern recognition ,Spinal cord ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Detection ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Spinal Cord ,Feature (computer vision) ,Global optimization ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Algorithms ,MRI - Abstract
International audience; During the last two decades, MRI has been increasingly used for providing valuable quantitative information about spinal cord morphometry, such as quantification of the spinal cord atrophy in various diseases. However, despite the significant improvement of MR sequences adapted to the spinal cord, automatic image processing tools for spinal cord MRI data are not yet as developed as for the brain. There is nonetheless great interest in fully automatic and fast processing methods to be able to propose quantitative analysis pipelines on large datasets without user bias. The first step of most of these analysis pipelines is to detect the spinal cord, which is challenging to achieve automatically across the broad range of MRI contrasts, field of view, resolutions and pathologies. In this paper, a fully automated, robust and fast method for detecting the spinal cord centerline on MRI volumes is introduced.The algorithm uses a global optimization scheme that attempts to strike a balance between a probabilistic localization map of the spinal cord center point and the overall spatial consistency of the spinal cord centerline (i.e. the rostro-caudal continuity of the spinal cord). Additionally, a new post-processing feature, which aims to automatically split brain and spine regions is introduced, to be able to detect a consistent spinal cord centerline, independently from the field of view. We present data on the validation of the proposed algorithm, known as “OptiC”, from a large dataset involving 20 centers, 4 contrasts (T2-weighted n = 287, T1-weighted n = 120, T2∗-weighted n = 307, diffusion-weighted n = 90), 501 subjects including 173 patients with a variety of neurologic diseases. Validation involved the gold-standard centerline coverage, the mean square error between the true and predicted centerlines and the ability to accurately separate brain and spine regions.Overall, OptiC was able to cover 98.77% of the gold-standard centerline, with a mean square error of 1.02 mm. OptiC achieved superior results compared to a state-of-the-art spinal cord localization technique based on the Hough transform, especially on pathological cases with an averaged mean square error of 1.08 mm vs. 13.16 mm (Wilcoxon signed-rank test p-value
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- 2018
25. Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction (PPI) Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
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Teena D. Moody, Susan Y. Bookheimer, Donald G. McLaren, Theresa M. Harrison, and Jamie D. Feusner
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Male ,Aging ,fMRI statistical analysis ,1.2 Psychological and socioeconomic processes ,hippocampus ,General Chemical Engineering ,generalized psychophysiological interaction ,Neurodegenerative ,Alzheimer's Disease ,genetic risk ,Task (project management) ,Functional connectivity ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neurobiology ,Risk Factors ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Psychology ,Aetiology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,psychophysiological interaction ,General Neuroscience ,This Month in JoVE ,Psychophysiological Interaction ,Brain ,Cognition ,Content-addressable memory ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Mental Health ,Neurological ,Issue 129 ,Female ,Cognitive Sciences ,APOE ,MRI ,Adult ,Basic Behavioral and Social Science ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Neuroimaging ,Alzheimer Disease ,Memory ,Clinical Research ,Underpinning research ,Encoding (memory) ,Behavioral and Social Science ,medicine ,Acquired Cognitive Impairment ,Humans ,Aged ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Recall ,Neurosciences ,Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) ,functional magnetic resonance imaging ,030227 psychiatry ,Brain Disorders ,fMRI preprocessing ,Dementia ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Functional magnetic resonance imaging ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
In neuroimaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures the blood-oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) signal in the brain. The degree of correlation of the BOLD signal in spatially independent regions of the brain defines the functional connectivity of those regions. During a cognitive fMRI task, a psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis can be used to examine changes in the functional connectivity during specific contexts defined by the cognitive task. An example of such a task is one that engages the memory system, asking participants to learn pairs of unrelated words (encoding) and recall the second word in a pair when presented with the first word (retrieval). In the present study, we used this type of associative memory task and a generalized PPI (gPPI) analysis to compare changes in hippocampal connectivity in older adults who are carriers of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) genetic risk factor apolipoprotein-E epsilon-4 (APOEε4). Specifically, we show that the functional connectivity of subregions of the hippocampus changes during encoding and retrieval, the two active phases of the associative memory task. Context-dependent changes in functional connectivity of the hippocampus were significantly different in carriers of APOEε4 compared to non-carriers. PPI analyses make it possible to examine changes in functional connectivity, distinct from univariate main effects, and to compare these changes across groups. Thus, a PPI analysis may reveal complex task effects in specific cohorts that traditional univariate methods do not capture. PPI analyses cannot, however, determine directionality or causality between functionally connected regions. Nevertheless, PPI analyses provide powerful means for generating specific hypotheses regarding functional relationships, which can be tested using causal models. As the brain is increasingly described in terms of connectivity and networks, PPI is an important method for analyzing fMRI task data that is in line with the current conception of the human brain.
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- 2017
26. Recognition of faces and names: multimodal physiological correlates of memory and executive function
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Ali Ezzati, Brandon A. Ally, Donald G. McLaren, Steven D. Shirk, Alireza Atri, Meghan B. Mitchell, and Jessica S. Dodd
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Audiology ,Electroencephalography ,050105 experimental psychology ,Developmental psychology ,Executive Function ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Memory ,Event-related potential ,Reaction Time ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Evoked Potentials ,Recognition memory ,Brain Mapping ,Recall ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,05 social sciences ,Neuropsychology ,Brain ,Recognition, Psychology ,Cognition ,Healthy Volunteers ,Saccadic masking ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neurology ,Face ,Mental Recall ,Eye tracking ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Psychology ,Facial Recognition ,Photic Stimulation ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
We sought to characterize electrophysiological, eye-tracking and behavioral correlates of face-name recognition memory in healthy younger adults using high-density electroencephalography (EEG), infrared eye-tracking (ET), and neuropsychological measures. Twenty-one participants first studied 40 face-name (FN) pairs; 20 were presented four times (4R) and 20 were shown once (1R). Recognition memory was assessed by asking participants to make old/new judgments for 80 FN pairs, of which half were previously studied items and half were novel FN pairs (N). Simultaneous EEG and ET recording were collected during recognition trials. Comparisons of event-related potentials (ERPs) for correctly identified FN pairs were compared across the three item types revealing classic ERP old/new effects including 1) relative positivity (1R > N) bi-frontally from 300 to 500 ms, reflecting enhanced familiarity, 2) relative positivity (4R > 1R and 4R > N) in parietal areas from 500 to 800 ms, reflecting enhanced recollection, and 3) late frontal effects (1R > N) from 1000 to 1800 ms in right frontal areas, reflecting post-retrieval monitoring. ET analysis also revealed significant differences in eye movements across conditions. Exploration of cross-modality relationships suggested associations between memory and executive function measures and the three ERP effects. Executive function measures were associated with several indicators of saccadic eye movements and fixations, which were also associated with all three ERP effects. This novel characterization of face-name recognition memory performance using simultaneous EEG and ET reproduced classic ERP and ET effects, supports the construct validity of the multimodal FN paradigm, and holds promise as an integrative tool to probe brain networks supporting memory and executive functioning.
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- 2015
27. Template based rotation: A method for functional connectivity analysis with a priori templates
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Andrew Ward, Koene R. A. Van Dijk, Sarah E. Wigman, Aaron P. Schultz, Trey Hedden, Reisa A. Sperling, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Donald G. McLaren, and Willem Huijbers
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Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Computer science ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Brain mapping ,Article ,Young Adult ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,medicine ,Humans ,Leverage (statistics) ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Brain Mapping ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Functional connectivity ,Age Factors ,Brain ,Reproducibility of Results ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Pattern recognition ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Independent component analysis ,Template ,Neurology ,Regression Analysis ,A priori and a posteriori ,Female ,Artificial intelligence ,Nerve Net ,business ,computer ,Rotation (mathematics) - Abstract
Functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) is a powerful tool for understanding the network level organization of the brain in research settings and is increasingly being used to study large-scale neuronal network degeneration in clinical trial settings. Presently, a variety of techniques, including seed-based correlation analysis and group independent components analysis (with either dual regression or back projection) are commonly employed to compute functional connectivity metrics. In the present report, we introduce template based rotation,(1) a novel analytic approach optimized for use with a priori network parcellations, which may be particularly useful in clinical trial settings. Template based rotation was designed to leverage the stable spatial patterns of intrinsic connectivity derived from out-of-sample datasets by mapping data from novel sessions onto the previously defined a priori templates. We first demonstrate the feasibility of using previously defined a priori templates in connectivity analyses, and then compare the performance of template based rotation to seed based and dual regression methods by applying these analytic approaches to an fMRI dataset of normal young and elderly subjects. We observed that template based rotation and dual regression are approximately equivalent in detecting fcMRI differences between young and old subjects, demonstrating similar effect sizes for group differences and similar reliability metrics across 12 cortical networks. Both template based rotation and dual-regression demonstrated larger effect sizes and comparable reliabilities as compared to seed based correlation analysis, though all three methods yielded similar patterns of network differences. When performing inter-network and sub-network connectivity analyses, we observed that template based rotation offered greater flexibility, larger group differences, and more stable connectivity estimates as compared to dual regression and seed based analyses. This flexibility owes to the reduced spatial and temporal orthogonality constraints of template based rotation as compared to dual regression. These results suggest that template based rotation can provide a useful alternative to existing fcMRI analytic methods, particularly in clinical trial settings where predefined outcome measures and conserved network descriptions across groups are at a premium.
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- 2014
28. Flexible modulation of network connectivity related to cognition in Alzheimer's disease
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Alireza Atri, Reisa A. Sperling, and Donald G. McLaren
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Male ,Memory, Episodic ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Hippocampus ,Brain mapping ,Article ,Alzheimer Disease ,Functional neuroimaging ,Humans ,Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance ,Episodic memory ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Brain Mapping ,Resting state fMRI ,Neuropsychology ,Brain ,Cognition ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Functional imaging ,Neurology ,Female ,Nerve Net ,Psychology ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Functional neuroimaging tools, such as fMRI methods, may elucidate the neural correlates of clinical, behavioral, and cognitive performance. Most functional imaging studies focus on regional task-related activity or resting state connectivity rather than how changes in functional connectivity across conditions and tasks are related to cognitive and behavioral performance. To investigate the promise of characterizing context-dependent connectivity-behavior relationships, this study applies the method of generalized psychophysiological interactions (gPPI) to assess the patterns of associative-memory-related fMRI hippocampal functional connectivity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated with performance on memory and other cognitively demanding neuropsychological tests and clinical measures. Twenty-four subjects with mild AD dementia (ages 54-82, nine females) participated in a face-name paired-associate encoding memory study. Generalized PPI analysis was used to estimate the connectivity between the hippocampus and the whole brain during encoding. The difference in hippocampal-whole brain connectivity between encoding novel and encoding repeated face-name pairs was used in multiple-regression analyses as an independent predictor for 10 behavioral, neuropsychological and clinical tests. The analysis revealed connectivity-behavior relationships that were distributed, dynamically overlapping, and task-specific within and across intrinsic networks; hippocampal-whole brain connectivity-behavior relationships were not isolated to single networks, but spanned multiple brain networks. Importantly, these spatially distributed performance patterns were unique for each measure. In general, out-of-network behavioral associations with encoding novel greater than repeated face-name pairs hippocampal-connectivity were observed in the default-mode network, while correlations with encoding repeated greater than novel face-name pairs hippocampal-connectivity were observed in the executive control network (p
- Published
- 2014
29. OptiC: Robust and Automatic Spinal Cord Localization on a Large Variety of MRI Data Using a Distance Transform Based Global Optimization
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Michael G. Fehlings, Charley Gros, Subhash Tummala, Virginie Callot, Vincent Auclair, Benjamin De Leener, Donald G. McLaren, Allan R. Martin, Julien Cohen-Adad, Rohit Bakshi, Sara M. Dupont, Michaël Sdika, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Biospective [Montréal], Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM] (CEMEREM), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Images et Modèles, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Informatique et développements, Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre d'Exploration Métabolique par Résonance Magnétique [Hôpital de la Timone - AP-HM] (CEMEREM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
- Subjects
[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging ,Population ,computer.software_genre ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Hough transform ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Segmentation ,0302 clinical medicine ,[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG] ,Voxel ,law ,Histogram ,Machine learning ,medicine ,Computer vision ,education ,Mathematics ,Spinal cord ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Support vector machine ,Detection ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Localization ,Global optimization ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,computer ,Distance transform ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,MRI - Abstract
International audience; Localizing the center of the spinal cord on MR images is a critical step toward fully automated and robust quantitative analysis, which is essential to achieve clinical utilization. While automatic localization of the spinal cord might appear as a simple task, that has already been addressed extensively, it is much more challenging to achieve this across the large variation in MRI contrasts, field of view, resolutions and pathologies. In this study, we introduce a novel method, called “OptiC”, to automatically and robustly localize the spinal cord on a large variety of MRI data. Starting from a localization map computed by a linear Support Vector Machine trained with Histogram of Oriented Gradient features, the center of the spinal cord is localized by solving an optimization problem, that introduces a trade-off between the localization map and the cord continuity along the superior-inferior axis. The OptiC algorithm features an efficient search (with a linear complexity in the number of voxels) and ensures the global minimum is reached. OptiC was compared to a recently-published method based on the Hough transform using a broad range of MRI data, involving 13 different centers, 3 contrasts (T2-weighted n=278, T1-weighted n=112 and T∗2-weighted n=263), with a total of 441 subjects, including 133 patients with traumatic and neurodegenerative diseases. Overall, OptiC was able to find 98.5% of the gold-standard centerline coverage, with a mean square error of 1.21 mm, suggesting that OptiC could reliably be used for subsequent analyses tasks, such as cord segmentation, opening the door to more robust analysis in patient population.
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- 2017
30. Harvard Aging Brain Study: Dataset and accessibility
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Keith A. Johnson, Molly R. LaPoint, Alexander Dagley, Deborah Blacker, Donald G. McLaren, Reisa A. Sperling, Aaron P. Schultz, Jasmeer P. Chatwal, Kathryn V. Papp, Willem Huijbers, Rebecca E. Amariglio, Trey Hedden, Dorene M. Rentz, and Creative Computing
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Aging ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,MEDLINE ,Information Dissemination ,Datasets as Topic ,Prodromal Symptoms ,physiopathology [Alzheimer Disease] ,Article ,DISEASE ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,pathology [Alzheimer Disease] ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neuroimaging ,Alzheimer Disease ,Medicine ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,Longitudinal Studies ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Modalities ,Data collection ,business.industry ,DEMENTIA ,Brain ,Middle Aged ,Data science ,030104 developmental biology ,Neurology ,Cohort ,Female ,business ,diagnostic imaging [Alzheimer Disease] ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,metabolism [Alzheimer Disease] ,Cohort study - Abstract
The Harvard Aging Brain Study is sharing its data with the global research community. The longitudinal dataset consists of a 284-subject cohort with the following modalities acquired: demographics, clinical assessment, comprehensive neuropsychological testing, clinical biomarkers, and neuroimaging. To promote more extensive analyses, imaging data was designed to be compatible with other publicly available datasets. A cloud-based system enables access to interested researchers with blinded data available contingent upon completion of a data usage agreement and administrative approval. Data collection is ongoing and currently in its fifth year. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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- 2017
31. Midlife measurements of white matter microstructure predict subsequent regional white matter atrophy in healthy adults
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Martina Ly, Jennifer M. Oh, Barbara B. Bendlin, N. Maritza Dowling, Guofan Xu, Elisa Canu, Mark A. Sager, Donald G. McLaren, Andrew L. Alexander, and Sterling C. Johnson
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Superior longitudinal fasciculus ,Splenium ,Anatomy ,Corpus callosum ,Brain mapping ,White matter ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,Inferior temporal gyrus ,Fractional anisotropy ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Neurology (clinical) ,Psychology ,Diffusion MRI - Abstract
Objectives: Although age-related brain changes are becoming better understood, midlife patterns of change are still in need of characterization, and longitudinal studies are lacking. The aim of this study was to determine if baseline fractional anisotropy (FA), obtained from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) predicts volume change over a 4-year interval. Experimental design: Forty-four cognitively healthy middle-age adults underwent baseline DTI and longitudinal T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Tensor-based morphometry methods were used to evaluate volume change over time. FA values were extracted from regions of interest that included the cingulum, entorhinal white matter, and the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum. Baseline FA was used as a predictor variable, whereas gray and white matter atrophy rates as indexed by Tensor-based morphometry were the dependent variables. Principal observations: Over a 4-year period, participants showed significant contraction of white matter, especially in frontal, temporal, and cerebellar regions (P < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). Baseline FA in entorhinal white matter, genu, and splenium was associated with longitudinal rates of atrophy in regions that included the superior longitudinal fasciculus, anterior corona radiata, temporal stem, and white matter of the inferior temporal gyrus (P < 0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons). Conclusions: Brain change with aging is characterized by extensive shrinkage of white matter. Baseline white matter microstructure as indexed by DTI was associated with some of the observed regional volume loss. The findings suggest that both white matter volume loss and microstructural alterations should be considered more prominently in models of aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Hum Brain Mapp 35:2044–2054, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Published
- 2013
32. The Encoding/Retrieval Flip: Interactions between Memory Performance and Memory Stage and Relationship to Intrinsic Cortical Networks
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Patrizia Vannini, Trey Hedden, Sarah E. Wigman, Reisa A. Sperling, Andrew Ward, Donald G. McLaren, Willem Huijbers, and Aaron P. Schultz
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Adult ,Male ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Interference theory ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Spatial memory ,Functional Laterality ,Article ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Visual memory ,Neural Pathways ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Explicit memory ,Humans ,Semantic memory ,Levels-of-processing effect ,Methods used to study memory ,030304 developmental biology ,Cerebral Cortex ,Analysis of Variance ,Brain Mapping ,0303 health sciences ,Long-term memory ,Recognition, Psychology ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Oxygen ,Mental Recall ,Linear Models ,Female ,Psychology ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
fMRI studies have linked the posteromedial cortex to episodic learning (encoding) and remembering (retrieval) processes. The posteromedial cortex is considered part of the default network and tends to deactivate during encoding but activate during retrieval, a pattern known as the encoding/retrieval flip. Yet, the exact relationship between the neural correlates of memory performance (hit/miss) and memory stage (encoding/retrieval) and the extent of overlap with intrinsic cortical networks remains to be elucidated. Using task-based fMRI, we isolated the pattern of activity associated with memory performance, memory stage, and the interaction between both. Using resting-state fMRI, we identified which intrinsic large-scale functional networks overlapped with regions showing task-induced effects. Our results demonstrated an effect of successful memory performance in regions associated with the control network and an effect of unsuccessful memory performance in the ventral attention network. We found an effect of memory retrieval in brain regions that span the default and control networks. Finally, we found an interaction between memory performance and memory stage in brain regions associated with the default network, including the posteromedial cortex, posterior parietal cortex, and parahippocampal cortex. We discuss these findings in relation to the encoding/retrieval flip. In general, the findings demonstrate that task-induced effects cut across intrinsic cortical networks. Furthermore, regions within the default network display functional dissociations, and this may have implications for the neural underpinnings of age-related memory disorders.
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- 2013
33. P1‐266: Uncovering The Relationship Between β‐Amyloid and Glucose Metabolism in Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Donald G. McLaren, Felix Carbonell, Alex P. Zijdenbos, and Barry J. Bedell
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Epidemiology ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Endocrinology ,Developmental Neuroscience ,β amyloid ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,Cognitive impairment - Published
- 2016
34. IC‐P‐105: Uncovering The Relationship Between β‐Amyloid and Glucose Metabolism in Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Felix Carbonell, Donald G. McLaren, Alex P. Zijdenbos, and Barry J. Bedell
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Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Epidemiology ,Health Policy ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology - Published
- 2016
35. Modulation of glucose metabolism and metabolic connectivity by β-amyloid
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Alex P. Zijdenbos, Barry J. Bedell, Felix Carbonell, Yasser Iturria-Medina, and Donald G McLaren
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Apolipoprotein E4 ,Neuroimaging ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,β amyloid ,Alzheimer Disease ,Internal medicine ,Genotype ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Contrast (vision) ,Animals ,Humans ,media_common ,Glucose Metabolism Disorders ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Original Articles ,Models, Theoretical ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Neurology ,Positron emission tomography ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Glucose hypometabolism in the pre-clinical stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been primarily associated with the APOE ɛ4 genotype, rather than fibrillar β-amyloid. In contrast, aberrant patterns of metabolic connectivity are more strongly related to β-amyloid burden than APOE ɛ4 status. A major limitation of previous studies has been the dichotomous classification of subjects as amyloid-positive or amyloid-negative. Dichotomous treatment of a continuous variable, such as β-amyloid, potentially obscures the true relationship with metabolism and reduces the power to detect significant changes in connectivity. In the present work, we assessed alterations of glucose metabolism and metabolic connectivity as continuous function of β-amyloid burden using positron emission tomography scans from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study. Modeling β-amyloid as a continuous variable resulted in better model fits and improved power compared to the dichotomous model. Using this continuous model, we found that both APOE ɛ4 genotype and β-amyloid burden are strongly associated with glucose hypometabolism at early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. We also determined that the cumulative effects of β-amyloid deposition result in a particular pattern of altered metabolic connectivity, which is characterized by global, synchronized hypometabolism at early stages of the disease process, followed by regionally heterogeneous, progressive hypometabolism.
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- 2016
36. Brainhack: A collaborative workshop for the open neuroscience community
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Caroline Froehlich, David H. O’Connor, Robert C. Welsh, Sook-Lei Liew, Katharine Dunlop, Angela R. Laird, Yonggang Shi, Satrajit S. Ghosh, John W. Van Meter, Pierre-Olivier Quirion, Lucina Q. Uddin, R. Matthew Hutchison, Pierre Bellec, Salma Mesmoudi, Christopher J. Cannistraci, Maarten Mennes, Jonathan Downar, Sebastien Dery, Donald G. McLaren, Ariel Rokem, Prantik Kundu, Daniel S. Margulies, Fernando A. Barrios, Alexandre Rosa Franco, Ramon Fraga Pereira, Andrew J. Gerber, B. Nolan Nichols, R. Cameron Craddock, Erick H. Pasaye, Ziad S. Saad, Felipe Meneguzzi, Benjamin De Leener, Thomas J. Grabowski, Sean Hill, Sarael Alcauter, Julien Cohen-Adad, Daniel J. Lurie, Gautam Prasad, Roberto Toro, Ting Xu, John D. Van Horn, Yves Burnod, Anibal Sólon Heinsfeld, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Scott Peltier, Stephen C. Strother, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (NKI), New York State Office of Mental Health, Child Mind Institute, The Neuro Bureau [Leipzig], Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences [Leipzig] (IMPNSC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Silsoe Research Institute (SRI), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Stanford University, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale (LIB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut des Systèmes Complexes - Paris Ile-de-France (ISC-PIF), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Curie [Paris]-École polytechnique (X), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], University Health Network, University of Toronto, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (PUCRS), New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University [New York], McGovern Institute for Brain Research [Cambridge], Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), University of Washington [Seattle], International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Harvard University [Cambridge], Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), University of Southern California (USC), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Biospective [Montréal], Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university [Nijmegen], MATRICE Project (ISC-PIF), Sorbonnes university Paris 1, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute (HWNI), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], eScience Institute Seattle, National Institute of mental health , Bethesda, Rotman Research Institute at the Baycrest Centre (RRI), Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Miami University, Miami University [Ohio] (MU), University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine (UMMSM), Georgetown University Medical Center, We would also like to thank our sponsors, whose funds have been used to enrich the educational experience at Brainhack and have provided travel support for attendees. These include (in alphabetical order): Allen Institute for Brain Science (OHBM 2013), Amazon Web Services (OHBM 2013, OHBM 2014, Boston 2014, Brainhack AMX 2015), Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (Boston 2014), Child Mind Institute, Inc. (NYC 2014, NYC 2015, MX 2015), FIU Division of Research (Miami 2014), Frontiers (OHBM 2014), Frontiers in Neuroscience (OHBM 2013), International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility (OHBM 2013, OHBM 2014, OHBM 2015, MX 2015), MATRICE (Paris 2013), Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences (Leipzig 2012), Microsoft Azure (OHBM 2015), NIH BD2K Center (1U54EB020406-01) Big Data for Discovery Science (USC, PI: Toga, LA 2015), NIH BD2K Center (1U54EB020403-01) Enigma Center for Worldwide Medicine, Imaging, and Genomics (USC, PI: Thompson, LA 2015), NIH BD2K Supplement for NCANDA (3U01AA021697-04S1) and NCANDA: Data Analysis Component (5U01AA021697-04) (SRI International, PI: Pohl, OHBM2015, MX 2015), Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM 2013, OHBM 2014, OHBM 2015), Ontario Brain Institute (Toronto 2014), Quebec Bio-Imaging Network (MTL 2014, MTL 2015), Siemens (Paris 2013), and University of Miami Flipse Funds (Miami 2015).References, HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS), Radboud University [Nijmegen], Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT, Ghosh, Satrajit S., Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale [Paris] (LIB), Harvard University, and ANR-16-EQPX-0003,Matrice - 13 novembre,Matrice - 13 novembre(2016)
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0301 basic medicine ,Open science ,Biomedical Research ,Computer science ,International Cooperation ,Health Informatics ,Review ,Education ,03 medical and health sciences ,Networking ,0302 clinical medicine ,Humans ,[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Cooperative Behavior ,Hackathon ,Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7] ,Neurosciences ,220 Statistical Imaging Neuroscience ,Brain ,Computational Biology ,Congresses as Topic ,Unconference ,Data science ,Collaboration ,Research Personnel ,Computer Science Applications ,Data sharing ,030104 developmental biology ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 167121.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Brainhack events offer a novel workshop format with participant-generated content that caters to the rapidly growing open neuroscience community. Including components from hackathons and unconferences, as well as parallel educational sessions, Brainhack fosters novel collaborations around the interests of its attendees. Here we provide an overview of its structure, past events, and example projects. Additionally, we outline current innovations such as regional events and post-conference publications. Through introducing Brainhack to the wider neuroscience community, we hope to provide a unique conference format that promotes the features of collaborative, open science.
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- 2016
37. Imaging of Neurodegenerative Disorders
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Mateen C. Moghbel, Vahid Behravan, Dhiraj Baruah, Mijail Serruya, Glenn T. Stebbins, Fathima Fijula Palot Manzil, Madhav Thambisetty, Gaurav Jindal, Aaron S. Field, Dennis Chan, Kala Venkiteswaran, Sol De Jesus, Jitender Saini, Andrew Newberg, Ritu Shah, Sumei Wang, A.M. Barrett, Ruth A. Wood, Robert S. Stern, Inga Katharina Koerte, Vivek Prabhakaran, Elisabeth B. Lucassen, Dheeraj Gandhi, David J. Brooks, Sampson K. Kyere, Krishan K. Jain, Stefan Ropele, Marie Sarazin, Aristides A. Capizzano, Maya Lichtenstein, Suyash Mohan, Donald G. McLaren, Kenneth M. Lury, Amit K. Agarwal, Puneet S. Devgun, Sanjeev Chawla, Mark D. Meadowcroft, Alexander P. Lin, Harish Poptani, Yoshimitsu Ohgiya, Jeffrey D. Poot, Douglas V. Merkitch, Olaguoke Akinwande, Jennifer G. Goldman, Martha E. Shenton, Christian La, Guofan Xu, Rakesh K. Gupta, Kei Yamada, Gálvez-Jiménez Néstor, Marc Mühlmann, Divisha Raheja, Rashmi Tondon, Vijay K. Mittal, Zachary Simmons, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Koji Sakai, Nicola Pavese, Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez, Thyagarajan Subramanian, Ludovico Minati, Hazem M. Matta, Christian Langkammer, Vinod G. Maller, Abass Alavi, Surjith Vattoth, John W. Ebersole, Leslie Hartman, Maria Martinez-Lage Alvarez, Tushar Chandra, Qing X. Yang, Kyaw Nyan Tun, Sangam G. Kanekar, Brian S. Bentley, Wolfgang Gaggl, Toshio Moritani, Falgun H. Chokshi, Jeffrey Kyle Cooper, Leonardo Cruz Souza de, Girish Bathla, Dejan Samardzic, Michael Mayinger, and Mauricio Castillo
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,education.field_of_study ,Modalities ,Activities of daily living ,business.industry ,Population ,Cognition ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Neuroimaging ,medicine ,Dementia ,Alzheimer's disease ,Intensive care medicine ,education ,business - Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases comprise a broad swath of different neurologic diseases characterized by loss of neurons in the central nervous system. The most common neurodegenerative disease is Alzheimer disease, a dementing disease. Dementia is commonly understood as loss of function in at least two cognitive domains that is severe enough to affect daily activities in the social or occupational spheres. Elderly adults represent a significant and rapidly expanding proportion of the population. Some estimates state that by 2030 there will be 72 million individuals over the age of 65 years in the United States, constituting 19% of the population. The World Health Organization estimated in 2010 that there were 36.5 million people worldwide living with dementia, with the global cost for care being $604 billion per year. A new case of dementia is diagnosed approximately every 4 seconds. As the prevalence of many neurologic diseases increases with age, it can be difficult to differentiate between the effects of aging and those of prodromal age-related disease. Advances in neuroimaging have afforded significant insight into progressive neurodegenerative disorders and their mimics. Besides the improvements in structural imaging that have come about through thinner slices, 3-dimensional volumes, and higher spatial resolution, molecular and cellular imaging have made a big impact on how we look at the brain and its function. MR spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging, perfusion imaging, functional MRI, and PET scans have further increased our understanding of the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders. Distinguishing between preventable diseases, potentially reversible diseases, and progressive, irreversible diseases is important in planning for a patient’s future medical, social, and economic spheres. Imaging of Neurodegenerative Disorders is a comprehensive, updated reference covering the latest techniques used in neuroimaging as well as the basic structural imaging that facilitates diagnosis of various neurodegenerative disorders. Because there never has been a dedicated textbook on the imaging of neurodegenerative diseases, the aim of this book is to cover each disease as it is currently understood and to show what it might look like using various imaging techniques. Imaging helps enormously in affirming suspicions, differentiating entities that have a clinical overlap, and charting the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The book is organized into 16 parts with 41 chapters written by 83 contributors who have brought fresh insights and expertise that encompass many disease entities. They attempt to fill the gap of knowledge that exists in the imaging and understanding of neurodegenerative diseases. Chapters are arranged by specific diseases and cover their clinical features, pathologic characteristics, and imaging. Along with a brief discussion of each disease are the images themselves—superb in quality and quite illustrative—in addition to what tests to order, what to look for, what one expects to see for each disorder, and what new clinical and research modalities are available. This book is useful for radiologists, neuroradiologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and other internal or family medical physicians, as well as anyone seeking to understand neurodegenerative disorders through the lens of imaging techniques that are becoming increasingly sophisticated.
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- 2016
38. List of Contributors
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Toni C. Antonucci, David E. Balk, Lisa C. Barry, Sylvie Belleville, Lisa Berkman, Walter R. Boot, Axel Börsch-Supan, Amy L. Byers, Laura L. Carstensen, Neil Charness, Christina A. Coulter, Natalie Dautovich, Kirk I. Erickson, Michelle E. Farrell, Sara B. Festini, Deborah G. Finkel, Linda P. Fried, Helene H. Fung, Frank F. Furstenberg, Denis Gerstorf, Dana Goldman, Patrick L. Hill, Christiane A. Hoppmann, James S. Jackson, Tiffany K. Jantz, Da Jiang, Deborah L. Kerr, Seungyoun Kim, Melissa H. Kitner-Triolo, Bob G. Knight, Martin Kohli, Simone Kühn, Amanda Lash, Kenneth L. Lichstein, Ziyong Lin, Ulman Lindenberger, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Cindy Lustig, Stuart W.S. MacDonald, Daniel C. Marson, Anna C. McCarrey, Christina S. McCrae, Glenise McKenzie, Donald G. McLaren, S. Jay Olshansky, Denise C. Park, Megan E. Petrov, Sarah Rastegar, Susan M. Resnick, Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz, Chandra A. Reynolds, Brent W. Roberts, John Rother, John W. Rowe, Lindsay H. Ryan, K. Warner Schaie, Junqi Shi, Jacqui Smith, Robert S. Stawski, Linda Teri, Mo Wang, Sherry L. Willis, Arthur Wingfield, and Julie Zissimopoulos
- Published
- 2016
39. Longitudinal Volumetric Changes following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Tensor-Based Morphometry Study
- Author
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Donald G. McLaren, Howard A. Rowley, Sterling C. Johnson, Kimberly D.M. Farbota, Guofan Xu, Barbara B. Bendlin, and Aparna Sodhi
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Elementary cognitive task ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Traumatic brain injury ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Audiology ,Nerve Fibers, Myelinated ,Brain mapping ,Statistics, Nonparametric ,Article ,White matter ,Young Adult ,Atrophy ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,Brain Mapping ,General Neuroscience ,Neuropsychology ,Brain ,Cognition ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Traumatic injury ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Brain Injuries ,Anisotropy ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cognition Disorders ,Psychology ,Neuroscience - Abstract
After traumatic injury, the brain undergoes a prolonged period of degenerative change that is paradoxically accompanied by cognitive recovery. The spatiotemporal pattern of atrophy and the specific relationships of atrophy to cognitive changes are ill understood. The present study used tensor-based morphometry and neuropsychological testing to examine brain volume loss in 17 traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and 13 controls over a 4-year period. Patients were scanned at 2 months, 1 year, and 4 years post-injury. High-dimensional warping procedures were used to create change maps of each subject's brain for each of the two intervals. TBI patients experienced volume loss in both cortical areas and white matter regions during the first interval. We also observed continuing volume loss in extensive regions of white matter during the second interval. Neuropsychological correlations indicated that cognitive tasks were associated with subsequent volume loss in task-relevant regions. The extensive volume loss in brain white matter observed well beyond the first year post-injury suggests that the injured brain remains malleable for an extended period, and the neuropsychological relationships suggest that this volume loss may be associated with subtle cognitive improvements. (JINS, 2012,18, 1–13)
- Published
- 2012
40. Confirmatory factor analysis of the ADNI neuropsychological battery
- Author
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Lovingly Quitania, Park, Alden L, Gross, Donald G, McLaren, Judy, Pa, Julene K, Johnson, Meghan, Mitchell, Jennifer J, Manly, and Dick, Drost
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Psychometrics ,Clinical Dementia Rating ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Disease ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Severity of Illness Index ,Article ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Neuroimaging ,Alzheimer Disease ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Psychiatry ,Aged ,Neuroradiology ,Neuropsychology ,Cognition ,Neuropsychological battery ,Confirmatory factor analysis ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neurology ,Data Interpretation, Statistical ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Factor Analysis, Statistical ,Psychology ,Algorithms ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is a large multi-center study designed to develop optimized methods for acquiring longitudinal neuroimaging, cognitive, and biomarker measures of AD progression in a large cohort of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), patients with mild cognitive impairment, and healthy controls. Detailed neuropsychological testing was conducted on all participants. We examined the factor structure of the ADNI Neuropsychological Battery across older adults with differing levels of clinical AD severity based on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of 23 variables from 10 neuropsychological tests resulted in five factors (memory, language, visuospatial functioning, attention, and executive function/processing speed) that were invariant across levels of cognitive impairment. Thus, these five factors can be used as valid indicators of cognitive function in older adults who are participants in ADNI.
- Published
- 2012
41. Longitudinal change in neuropsychological performance using latent growth models: a study of mild cognitive impairment
- Author
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Judy Pa, Lovingly Quitania Park, Donald G. McLaren, Julene K. Johnson, Jennifer J. Manly, and Alden L. Gross
- Subjects
Male ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Psychometrics ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Audiology ,Severity of Illness Index ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Neuroimaging ,Alzheimer Disease ,mental disorders ,Severity of illness ,medicine ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Computer Simulation ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Longitudinal Studies ,Aged ,Models, Statistical ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Latent growth modeling ,Neuropsychology ,Cognition ,Neuropsychological test ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neurology ,Data Interpretation, Statistical ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Alzheimer's disease ,Psychology ,Algorithms - Abstract
The goal of the current study was to examine cognitive change in both healthy controls (n = 229) and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 397) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). We applied latent growth modeling to examine baseline and longitudinal change over 36 months in five cognitive factors derived from the ADNI neuropsychological test battery (memory, executive function/processing speed, language, attention and visuospatial). At baseline, MCI patients demonstrated lower performance on all of the five cognitive factors when compared to controls. Both controls and MCI patients declined on memory over 36 months; however, the MCI patients declined at a significantly faster rate than controls. The MCI patients also declined over 36 months on the remaining four cognitive factors. In contrast, the controls did not exhibit significant change over 36 months on the non-memory cognitive factors. Within the MCI group, executive function declined faster than memory, while the other factor scores changed slower than memory over time. These findings suggest different patterns of cognitive change in healthy older adults and MCI patients. The findings also suggest that, when compared with memory, executive function declines faster than other cognitive factors in patients with MCI. Thus, decline in non-memory domains may be an important feature for distinguishing healthy older adults and persons with MCI.
- Published
- 2012
42. Current Status and Future Perspectives of Magnetic Resonance High-Field Imaging: A Summary
- Author
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Thomas A. Gallagher, Guofan Xu, Yijing Wu, Howard A. Rowley, Veena A. Nair, Benjamin P. Austin, Patrick A. Turski, Christian La, Donald G. McLaren, and Vivek Prabhakaran
- Subjects
Brain Diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Mr angiography ,Brain ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,General Medicine ,Image Enhancement ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Mr imaging ,Article ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,White matter hyperintensity ,Arterial spin labeling ,medicine ,Humans ,Functional mr ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Neurology (clinical) ,High field ,Radiology ,business ,Diffusion MRI - Abstract
There are several magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques that benefit from high-field MR imaging. This article describes a range of novel techniques that are currently being used clinically or will be used in the future for clinical purposes as they gain popularity. These techniques include functional MR imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, cortical thickness assessment, arterial spin labeling perfusion, white matter hyperintensity lesion assessment, and advanced MR angiography.
- Published
- 2012
43. Homocysteine, neural atrophy, and the effect of caloric restriction in rhesus monkeys
- Author
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Kris Kosmatka, Sterling C. Johnson, Auriel A. Willette, Elisa Canu, Christopher L. Coe, Richard Weindruch, Aaron S. Field, Andrew L. Alexander, Donald G. McLaren, Barbara B. Bendlin, Mary Lou Voytko, Ricki J. Colman, Catherine L. Gallagher, and Erik K. Kastman
- Subjects
Male ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hippocampus ,Splenium ,Corpus callosum ,Article ,White matter ,Atrophy ,Internal medicine ,biology.animal ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Animals ,Primate ,Homocysteine ,Caloric Restriction ,Analysis of Variance ,Brain Mapping ,biology ,General Neuroscience ,Age Factors ,Brain ,Anatomy ,Voxel-based morphometry ,medicine.disease ,Macaca mulatta ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Diffusion Tensor Imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Frontal lobe ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Psychology ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Higher serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels in humans are associated with vascular pathology and greater risk for dementia, as well as lower global and regional volumes in frontal lobe and hippocampus. Calorie restriction (CR) in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) may confer neural protection against age- or Hcy-related vascular pathology. Hcy was collected proximal to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition in aged rhesus monkeys and regressed against volumetric and diffusion tensor imaging indexes using voxel-wise analyses. Higher Hcy was associated with lower white matter volume in pons and corpus callosum. Hcy was correlated with lower gray matter volume and density in prefrontal cortices and striatum. CR did not influence Hcy levels. However, control monkeys exhibited a strong negative correlation between Hcy and global gray matter, whereas no relationship was evident for the CR monkeys. Similar group differences were also seen across modalities in the splenium of the corpus callosum, prefrontal cortices, hippocampus, and somatosensory areas. The data suggest that CR may ameliorate the influence of Hcy on several important age-related parameters of parenchymal health.
- Published
- 2012
44. Rate of 6-[18F]fluorodopa uptake decline in striatal subregions in Parkinson's disease
- Author
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Sterling C. Johnson, Donald G. McLaren, W. Douglas Brown, James E. Holden, Catherine L. Gallagher, Terrence R. Oakes, Guofan Xu, Robert W. Pyzalski, Moo K. Chung, Robert J. Nickles, Barbara B. Bendlin, and Onofre T. DeJesus
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Parkinson's disease ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Putamen ,Striatum ,medicine.disease ,Brain mapping ,Central nervous system disease ,Degenerative disease ,Endocrinology ,nervous system ,Neurology ,Positron emission tomography ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Fluorodopa ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Psychology - Abstract
Background: Rate of decline in 6-L-[18F]fluorodopa (FDOPA) uptake within the striatum has been reported as showing regional differences in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods: We acquired longitudinal brain FDOPA positron emission tomography (PET) studies in 26 PD subjects and 11 controls over 4.5 years. We analyzed both spatially normalized voxel-wise maps of radiotracer influx (Kocc) and average Kocc values for six non-overlapping volumes of interest (VOIs) encompassing the striatum. Results: The voxel-wise analysis showed that in PD, FDOPA Kocc decline spanned the striatum but was greatest in the posterior putamen ipsilateral and anterior putamen contralateral to initial symptoms. The VOI approached showed that absolute rates of Kocc decline were significantly greater in PD than control subjects, but that the slope of decline did not differ between subregions. In PD, ratios of uptake between subregions did not change during the study with the exception of the ipsilateral putamen/caudate ratio. Decline rates were marginally greater during earlier time segments. Both male gender and advancing age were associated with lower baseline FDOPA uptake, but no difference in decline rates. VOI Kocc values were significantly correlated with disease duration, but only moderately correlated with clinical measures. Discussion: We conclude that FDOPA uptake in subregions of the striatum is strongly correlated with disease duration and age, and declines approximately equally from symptom onset in PD. This implies that in idiopathic PD, relative preservation of uptake in the anterior striatum reflects a delay in pathologic involvement of nigrostriatal projections to this region. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
- Published
- 2011
45. Age-related changes in neural volume and microstructure associated with interleukin-6 are ameliorated by a calorie-restricted diet in old rhesus monkeys
- Author
-
Auriel A. Willette, Elisa Canu, Sterling C. Johnson, Ricki J. Colman, Richard Weindruch, Guofan Xu, Christopher L. Coe, Andrew L. Alexander, Barbara B. Bendlin, Erik K. Kastman, Kris Kosmatka, Aaron S. Field, and Donald G. McLaren
- Subjects
Male ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Calorie restriction ,Corpus callosum ,Article ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,White matter ,Atrophy ,Internal medicine ,Fractional anisotropy ,medicine ,Animals ,Caloric Restriction ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Interleukin-6 ,Interleukins ,Brain ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Organ Size ,Voxel-based morphometry ,Anatomy ,medicine.disease ,Macaca mulatta ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,Female ,Psychology - Abstract
Systemic levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) increase in old age and may contribute to neural atrophy in humans. We investigated IL-6 associations with age in T1-weighted segments and microstructural diffusion indices using MRI in aged rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Further, we determined if long-term 30% calorie restriction (CR) reduced IL-6 and attenuated its association with lower tissue volume and density. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and diffusion-weighted voxelwise analyses were conducted. IL-6 was associated with less global gray and white matter (GM and WM), as well as smaller parietal and temporal GM volumes. Lower fractional anisotropy (FA) was associated with higher IL-6 levels along the corpus callosum and various cortical and subcortical tracts. Higher IL-6 concentrations across subjects were also associated with increased mean diffusivity (MD) throughout many brain regions, particularly in corpus callosum, cingulum, and parietal, frontal, and prefrontal areas. CR monkeys had significantly lower IL-6 and less associated atrophy. An IL-6xCR interaction across modalities also indicated that CR mitigated IL-6 related changes in several brain regions compared to controls. Peripheral IL-6 levels were correlated with atrophy in regions sensitive to aging, and this relationship was decreased by CR.
- Published
- 2010
46. A Calorie-Restricted Diet Decreases Brain Iron Accumulation and Preserves Motor Performance in Old Rhesus Monkeys
- Author
-
Kris Kosmatka, Elisa Canu, Donald G. McLaren, Richard Weindruch, Guofan Xu, Christopher L. Coe, Aaron S. Field, Andrew L. Alexander, Barbara B. Bendlin, Ricki J. Colman, Sterling C. Johnson, Erik K. Kastman, T. Mark Beasley, Mary Lou Voytko, and Auriel A. Willette
- Subjects
Male ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Red nucleus ,Movement ,Iron ,Statistics as Topic ,Substantia nigra ,Motor Activity ,Globus Pallidus ,Brain mapping ,Basal Ganglia ,Article ,Eating ,Parietal Lobe ,biology.animal ,Internal medicine ,Basal ganglia ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Animals ,Primate ,Red Nucleus ,Caloric Restriction ,Temporal cortex ,Brain Mapping ,Electronic Data Processing ,biology ,General Neuroscience ,Parietal lobe ,Brain ,Macaca mulatta ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Temporal Lobe ,Substantia Nigra ,Globus pallidus ,Endocrinology ,Multivariate Analysis ,Female ,Neuroscience ,Psychomotor Performance - Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) reduces the pathological effects of aging and extends the lifespan in many species, including nonhuman primates, although the effect on the brain is less well characterized. We used two common indicators of aging, motor performance speed and brain iron deposition measuredin vivousing magnetic resonance imaging, to determine the potential effect of CR on elderly rhesus macaques eating restricted (n= 24, 13 males, 11 females) and standard (n= 17, 8 males, 9 females) diets. Both the CR and control monkeys showed age-related increases in iron concentrations in globus pallidus (GP) and substantia nigra (SN), although the CR group had significantly less iron deposition in the GP, SN, red nucleus, and temporal cortex. A Diet × Age interaction revealed that CR modified age-related brain changes, evidenced as attenuation in the rate of iron accumulation in basal ganglia and parietal, temporal, and perirhinal cortex. Additionally, control monkeys had significantly slower fine motor performance on the Movement Assessment Panel, which was negatively correlated with iron accumulation in left SN and parietal lobe, although CR animals did not show this relationship. Our observations suggest that the CR-induced benefit of reduced iron deposition and preserved motor function may indicate neural protection similar to effects described previously in aging rodent and primate species.
- Published
- 2010
47. Rhesus macaque brain morphometry: A methodological comparison of voxel-wise approaches
- Author
-
Barbara B. Bendlin, Sterling C. Johnson, Donald G. McLaren, Kristopher J. Kosmatka, and Erik K. Kastman
- Subjects
Computer science ,computer.software_genre ,Statistical parametric mapping ,Brain mapping ,Article ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Neuroimaging ,Voxel ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Animals ,Segmentation ,Mathematical Computing ,Molecular Biology ,Brain Mapping ,business.industry ,Brain morphometry ,Brain ,Pattern recognition ,Voxel-based morphometry ,Macaca mulatta ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,FMRIB Software Library ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer ,Software - Abstract
Voxel-based morphometry studies have become increasingly common in human neuroimaging over the past several years; however, few studies have utilized this method to study morphometry changes in non-human primates. Here we describe the application of voxel-wise morphometry methods to the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) using the 112RM-SL template and priors (McLaren et al. (2009) [42]) and as an illustrative example we describe age-associated changes in grey matter morphometry. Specifically, we evaluated the unified segmentation routine implemented using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) software and the FMRIB's Automated Segmentation Tool (FAST) in the FMRIB Software Library (FSL); the effect of varying the smoothing kernel; and the effect of the normalization routine. We found that when studying non-human primates, brain images need less smoothing than in human studies, 2-4mm FWHM. Using flow field deformations (DARTEL) improved inter-subject alignment leading to results that were more likely due to morphometry differences as opposed to registration differences.
- Published
- 2010
48. Microstructural Diffusion Changes are Independent of Macrostructural Volume Loss in Moderate to Severe Alzheimer's Disease
- Author
-
Giuseppe Ricciardi, Elisa Canu, Franco Alessandrini, Francesca B. Pizzini, Donald G. McLaren, Sterling C. Johnson, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Michele E. Fitzgerald, Giada Zoccatelli, Barbara B. Bendlin, and Alberto Beltramello
- Subjects
Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Internal capsule ,Image Processing ,diagnosis/pathology ,Anterior commissure ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Severity of Illness Index ,Article ,methods ,White matter ,Computer-Assisted ,Alzheimer Disease ,Fractional anisotropy ,80 and over ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,80 and over, Alzheimer Disease ,diagnosis/pathology, Anisotropy, Brain Mapping, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,methods, Female, Humans, Image Processing ,instrumentation, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Severity of Illness Index ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,instrumentation ,Aged, 80 and over ,Brain Mapping ,General Neuroscience ,Precentral gyrus ,General Medicine ,Entorhinal cortex ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Posterior cingulate ,Anisotropy ,Female ,sense organs ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Psychology ,Diffusion MRI - Abstract
Although it is established that Alzheimer's disease (AD) leads to cerebral macrostructural atrophy, microstructural diffusion changes have also been observed, but it is not yet known whether these changes offer unique information about the disease pathology. Thus, a multi-modal imaging study was conducted to determine the independent contribution of each modality in moderate to severe AD. Seventeen patients with moderate-severe AD and 13 healthy volunteers underwent diffusion-weighted and T1-weighted MR scanning. Images were processed to obtain measures of macrostructural atrophy (gray and white matter volumes) and microstructural damage (fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity). Microstructural diffusion changes independent of macrostructural loss were investigated using an ANCOVA where macrostructural maps were used as voxel-wise covariates. The reverse ANCOVA model was also assessed, where macrostructural loss was the dependent variable and microstructural diffusion tensor imaging maps were the imaging covariates. Diffusion differences between patients and controls were observed after controlling for volumetric differences in medial temporal, retrosplenial regions, anterior commissure, corona radiata, internal capsule, thalamus, corticopontine tracts, cerebral peduncle, striatum, and precentral gyrus. Independent volumetric differences were observed in the entorhinal cortex, inferior temporal lobe, posterior cingulate cortex, splenium and cerebellum. While it is well known that AD is associated with pronounced volumetric change, this study suggests that measures of microstructure provide unique information not obtainable with volumetric mapping in regions known to be pivotal in AD and in those thought to be spared. As such this work provides great understanding of the topography of pathological changes in AD that can be captured with imaging.
- Published
- 2010
49. Structural and functional correlates of anxious responses to hypercapnia: Cortico-limbic evidence for a respiratory subtype of panic disorder
- Author
-
Tian-yue Song, Karleyton C. Evans, Donald G. McLaren, and Jarred P. Zimmerman
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Panic disorder ,Medicine ,Respiratory system ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry ,Hypercapnia - Published
- 2017
50. The influence of parental history of Alzheimer's disease and apolipoprotein E 4 on the BOLD signal during recognition memory
- Author
-
Sterling C. Johnson, Barbara B. Bendlin, Craig S. Atwood, Michele L. Ries, Sanjay Asthana, Guofan Xu, Michele E. Fitzgerald, Howard A. Rowley, Mark A. Sager, and Donald G. McLaren
- Subjects
Male ,Heterozygote ,Genotype ,Apolipoprotein E4 ,Precuneus ,Hippocampus ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Cuneus ,Alzheimer Disease ,Risk Factors ,mental disorders ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,Family ,Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance ,Recognition memory ,Analysis of Variance ,Fusiform gyrus ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Recognition, Psychology ,Original Articles ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Temporal Lobe ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Case-Control Studies ,Posterior cingulate ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Psychology ,Functional magnetic resonance imaging ,Neuroscience - Abstract
First-degree family history (FH) of sporadic Alzheimer's disease and the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele (APOE4) are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease that may affect brain function prior to onset of clinical symptoms. In this functional MRI (fMRI) study, we used an episodic recognition task that required discrimination of previously viewed (PV) and novel (NV) faces to examine differences in blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal due to risk factors in 74 middle-aged cognitively normal individuals. The group effects on this recognition task were tested with a 2 x 2 ANCOVA factorial design (+FH/-FH and +APOE4/-APOE4). There were significant APOE4 and FH effects in the left dorsal posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus, where decreased risk resulted in greater activity during recollection. Recognition performance was positively correlated with BOLD signal in the left posterior hippocampus, parahippocampal-retrosplenial gyrus and left superior frontal cortex regardless of risk factors. To examine condition-specific group effects, both the PV and NV faces were tested further in separate 2 x 2 ANCOVAs. Both models revealed an APOE effect, with the -APOE4 group showing stronger signal than the +APOE4 group in anterior cingulate cortices, while a FH effect was found in the dorsal cuneus and medial frontal cortices with the -FH group showing stronger signal than the +FH group. Finally, interactions between APOE4 and FH effects were found bilaterally in the fusiform gyrus. These results suggest that risk factors and cognitive performance each influence brain activity during recognition. The findings lend further support to the idea that functional brain changes may begin far in advance of symptomatic Alzheimer's disease.
- Published
- 2008
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