82 results on '"Ding LX"'
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2. Two-dimensional Boridene Nanosheets for Efficient Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation under Ambient Conditions.
- Author
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Lai J, Li T, Ding LX, Chen GF, and Wang H
- Abstract
The carbon-free electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is an alternative technology to the current Haber-Bosch method, that can be conducted under ambient conditions, and directly converting water and nitrogen (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃). However, the limited activity and selectivity of NH₃ electrosynthesis hinder the practical applications of NRR. In this study, we present a novel type of electrocatalyst called boridene nanosheets enriched with metal vacancies that are specifically designed for efficient electrocatalytic NRR under ambient conditions. Electrochemical testing in a 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) electrolyte demonstrates that boridene exhibits a high Faradaic efficiency of 66.7% for NH₃ production at -0.2 V vs. RHE, with a maximum NH₃ yield rate of 23.6 µg h-1 mg cat-1 at -0.4 V vs. RHE. Durability tests show that boridene maintains significant stability throughout multiple cycles of NRR. Mechanistic insights are obtained through in situ FTIR spectroscopy, revealing that boridene exhibits a preference for the distal pathway during the process of NRR. These findings highlight the potential of boridene as an efficient and stable catalyst for sustainable NH₃ synthesis., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)
- Published
- 2024
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3. High Mass Transfer Rate in Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Achieved with Efficient Quasi-Gas Phase System.
- Author
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Xie D, Ding LX, Chen S, Chen GF, Cheng H, and Wang H
- Abstract
The adhesion of H2 bubbles on the electrode surface is one of the main factors limiting the performance of H2 evolution of electrolytic water, especially at high current density. To overcome this problem, here a "quasi-gas phase" electrolytic water reaction system based on capillary effect is proposed for the first time to improve the mass transfer efficiency of H2. The typical feature of this reaction system is that the main site of H2 evolution reaction is transferred from the bulk aqueous solution to the gas phase environment above the bulk aqueous solution, thus effectively inhibiting the aggregation of H2 bubbles and reducing the resistance of their diffusion away. Electrochemical test results show that the proposed quasi-gas phase system can significantly reduce the potential required in H2 evolution reaction process at high current density compared with the conventional electrolytic reaction system. Specifically, the overpotential potential is reduced by 0.31 V when the H2 evolution current density of 250 mA cm-2 is achieved., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)
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- 2024
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4. 5.1 µm Ion-Regulated Rigid Quasi-Solid Electrolyte Constructed by Bridging Fast Li-Ion Transfer Channels for Lithium Metal Batteries.
- Author
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Liu Y, Wang S, Chen W, Kong W, Wang S, Liu H, Ding L, Ding LX, and Wang H
- Abstract
An ultra-thin quasi-solid electrolyte (QSE) with dendrite-inhibiting properties is a requirement for achieving high energy density quasi-solid lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Here, a 5.1 µm rigid QSE layer is directly designed on the cathode, in which Kevlar (poly(p-phenylene terephthalate)) nanofibers (KANFs) with negatively charged groups bridging metal-organic framework (MOF) particles are served as a rigid skeleton, and non-flammable deep eutectic solvent is selected to be encapsulated into the MOF channels, combined with in situ polymerization to complete safe electrolyte system with high rigidness and stability. The QSE with constructed topological network demonstrates high rigidity (5.4 GPa), high ionic conductivity (0.73 mS cm
-1 at room temperature), good ion-regulated properties, and improved structural stability, contributing to homogenized Li-ion flux, excellent dendrite suppression, and prolonged cyclic performance for LMB. Additionally, ion regulation influences the Li deposition behavior, exhibiting a uniform morphology on the Li-metal surface after cycling. According to density-functional theory, KANFs bridging MOFs as hosts play a vital function in the free-state and fast diffusion dynamics of Li-ions. This work provides an effective strategy for constructing ultrathin robust electrolytes with a novel ionic conduction mode., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2024
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5. Modified Diacetylmonoxime-Thiosemicarbazide Detection Protocol for Accurate Quantification of Urea.
- Author
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Chen S, Lin S, Ding LX, and Wang H
- Abstract
Renewable photo-/electrocatalytic coreduction of CO
2 and nitrate to urea is a promising method for high-value utilization of CO2 . However, because of the low yields of the urea synthesis by photo-/electrocatalysis process, the accurate quantification of low concentration urea is challenging. The traditional diacetylmonoxime-thiosemicarbazide (DAMO-TSC) method for urea detection has a high limit of quantification and accuracy, but it is easily affected by NO2 - in the solution, which limits its application scope. Thus, the DAMO-TSC method urgently requires a more rigorous design to eliminate the effects of NO2 - and accurately quantify urea in nitrate systems. Herein, a modified DAMO-TSC method is reported, which consumes NO2 - in solution through a nitrogen release reaction; hence, the remaining products do not affect the accuracy of urea detection. The results of detecting urea solutions with different NO2 - concentrations (within 30 ppm) show that the improved method can effectively control the error of urea detection within 3%., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2023
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6. Synthesis of hollow molecular imprinting nanoparticles based on polyethylenimine and boronate affinity for selective extraction of ovalbumin.
- Author
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Hou XY, Jiang ZQ, Wang XY, Sun X, Wang YQ, Liu WW, and Ding LX
- Subjects
- Ovalbumin, Polymers chemistry, Polyethyleneimine, Adsorption, Molecular Imprinting, Nanoparticles chemistry
- Abstract
The hollow MCM-48 polyethyleneimine carboxyphenylboronic acid molecularly imprinted polymers (H-MPC@MIPs) were synthesized to efficiently and selectively separate and enrich the ovalbumin (OVA) in egg white samples. Polyethyleneimine contained enough active amino groups to increase the amount of boric acid molecules modified to silica nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the materials were etched to enhance the adsorption effect. The H-MPC@MIPs exhibited a rapid adsorption equilibrium rate (within 30 min) and outstanding adsorption capacity for OVA (1334.1 mg g
-1 ). It possessed a good reusability after 5 cycles. In addition, both the high density and the imprinting action of boric acid were essential for enhancing the identification and binding of OVA. The OVA in egg white samples was successfully selectively enriched using this method., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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7. A Nitrogen Battery Electrode involving Eight-Electron Transfer per Nitrogen for Energy Storage.
- Author
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Jiang H, Chen GF, Hai G, Wang W, Liang Z, Ding LX, Yuan Y, Lu J, Antonietti M, and Wang H
- Abstract
Redox flow batteries have been discussed as scalable and simple stationary energy storage devices. However, currently developed systems encounter less competitive energy density and high costs, restricting their wider application. There is a lack of appropriate redox chemistry, preferably based on active materials that are abundant in nature and show high solubility in aqueous electrolytes. A nitrogen-centered redox cycle operating between the limiting species ammonia and nitrate via an eight-electron redox reaction stayed practically unnoticed, albeit its ubiquity in biological processes. Ammonia or nitrate are world-scale chemicals with high aqueous solubility, and are then comparably safe. We demonstrate here the successful implementation of such a nitrogen-based redox cycle between ammonia and nitrate with eight-electron transfer as a catholyte for Zn-based flow batteries, which continuously worked for 12.9 days with 930 charging-discharging cycles. A very competitive energy density of 577 Wh L
-1 can be reached, which is well above most reported flow batteries (e.g. 8 times the standard Zn-bromide battery), demonstrating that the nitrogen cycle with eight-electron transfer can offer promising cathodic redox chemistry for safe, affordable, and scalable high-energy-density storage devices., (© 2023 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2023
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8. Fluorine-Stabilized Defective Black Phosphorene as a Lithium-Like Catalyst for Boosting Nitrogen Electroreduction to Ammonia.
- Author
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Liu H, Hai G, Ding LX, and Wang H
- Abstract
Electrocatalytic N
2 reduction reaction (NRR) is recognized as a zero-carbon emission method for NH3 synthesis. However, to date, this technology still suffers from low yield and low selectivity associated with the catalyst. Herein, inspired by the activation of N2 by lithium metal, a highly reactive defective black phosphorene (D-BPene ) is proposed as a lithium-like catalyst for boosting electrochemical N2 activation. Correspondingly, we also report a strategy for producing environmentally stable D-BPene by simultaneously constructing defects and fluorination protection based on topochemical reactions. Reliable performance evaluations show that the fluorine-stabilized D-BPene can induce a high NH3 yield rate of ≈70 μg h-1 mgcat. -1 and a high Faradaic efficiency of ≈26 % at -0.5 V vs. RHE in an aqueous electrolyte. This work not only exemplifies the first stable preparation and practical application of D-BPene , but also brings a new design idea for NRR catalysts., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2023
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9. Enabled Efficient Ammonia Synthesis and Energy Supply in a Zinc-Nitrate Battery System by Separating Nitrate Reduction Process into Two Stages.
- Author
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Jiang H, Chen GF, Savateev O, Xue J, Ding LX, Liang Z, Antonietti M, and Wang H
- Abstract
The aqueous electrocatalytic reduction of NO
3 - into NH3 (NitrRR) presents a sustainable route applicable to NH3 production and potentially energy storage. However, the NitrRR involves a directly eight-electron transfer process generally required a large overpotential (<-0.2 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (vs. RHE)) to reach optimal efficiency. Here, inspired by biological nitrate respiration, the NitrRR was separated into two stages along a [2+6]-electron pathway to alleviate the kinetic barrier. The system employed a Cu nanowire catalyst produces NO2 - and NH3 with current efficiencies of 91.5 % and 100 %, respectively at lower overpotentials (>+0.1 vs. RHE). The high efficiency for such a reduction process was further explored in a zinc-nitrate battery. This battery could be specified by a high output voltage of 0.70 V, an average energy density of 566.7 Wh L-1 at 10 mA cm-2 and a power density of 14.1 mW cm-2 , which is well beyond all previously reported similar concepts., (© 2023 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2023
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10. A boronate-affinity magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for luteolin recognition.
- Author
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Ding LX, Wang YQ, Sun X, Jiang ZQ, Wang XY, Zhou YF, and Hou XY
- Subjects
- Luteolin, Polymers chemistry, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Magnetic Phenomena, Molecularly Imprinted Polymers, Molecular Imprinting methods
- Abstract
In this study, 3-carboxyphenylboronic acid (CP)-functionalized amino-modified Fe
3 O4 (Fe3 O4 @NH2 -CP, FNC) magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (FNC@MIPs) were synthesized and applied for the quick identification and selective separation of luteolin (LTL). The structure and morphology were characterized in detail by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating specimen magnetometry (VSM) methods. The FNC@MIPs had a homogeneous shape, excellent magnetic characteristics, quick binding kinetics, a high adsorption capacity, acceptable selectivity, and stable reusability. The solid-phase extraction parameters and preparation conditions were both optimized. Under optimized conditions, the maximal adsorption capacity was 14.26 mg g-1 and the imprinting factor was 3.62. Furthermore, the experimental kinetics data were best fitted with the pseudo-first-order model ( R2 = 0.9877), and the Langmuir model could describe the adsorption process ( R2 = 0.9979), suggesting a monolayer covering. The practical application of the sorbent for LTL detection in Lonicera japonica Thunb samples showed recoveries in the range of 84.5-108.7%. Therefore, the strategy offers a fresh avenue for the extraction and purification of LTL.- Published
- 2023
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11. Heat Shock Proteins 70 Regulate Cell Motility and Invadopodia-Associated Proteins Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
- Author
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Ding LX, Zhang J, Yang SS, Wu J, Su T, and Wang WM
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- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell genetics, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell metabolism, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell pathology, Cell Movement genetics, Cell Movement physiology, Humans, Neoplasm Metastasis genetics, Neoplasm Metastasis physiopathology, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins genetics, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins metabolism, Head and Neck Neoplasms genetics, Head and Neck Neoplasms metabolism, Head and Neck Neoplasms pathology, Mouth Neoplasms genetics, Mouth Neoplasms metabolism, Mouth Neoplasms pathology, Podosomes metabolism, Podosomes pathology, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck genetics, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck metabolism, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck pathology
- Abstract
Background: Many studies have shown that diabetes is often closely related to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) occurrence and metastasis. Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is a molecular chaperone related to diabetes complications. This study aims to investigate the role of Hsp70 in OSCC in expression of invadopodia-associated proteins., Methods: The expressions and correlation of HSP70, Hif1α, MMP2, MMP14, and cortactin were examined using bioinformatics analysis and verified by OSCC tissue microarrays. Assay in vitro was performed to analyze cell migration capacity after treatment with or without the HSP70 inhibitor., Results: The expressions of invadopodia-associated proteins were enhanced in OSCC tissues compared with paracarcinoma tissues and partially correlated with HSP70. Inhibiting HSP70 significantly decreased the cell viability, proliferation, and migration of OSCC cells., Conclusions: HSP70 may be involved in invadopodia-associated proteins in OSCC cells, which provides a promising method for treatment of OSCC metastasis., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Ding, Zhang, Yang, Wu, Su and Wang.)
- Published
- 2022
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12. Correction: Super-large dendrites composed of trigonal PbO 2 nanoplates with enhanced performances for electrochemical devices.
- Author
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Ding LX, Zheng FL, Wang JW, Li GR, Wang ZL, and Tong YX
- Abstract
Correction for 'Super-large dendrites composed of trigonal PbO2 nanoplates with enhanced performances for electrochemical devices' by Liang-Xin Ding et al., Chem. Commun., 2012, 1275-1277, DOI: 10.1039/C2CC15271A.
- Published
- 2020
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13. Correction: Cu 2 O template synthesis of high-performance PtCu alloy yolk-shell cube catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells.
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Ye SH, He XJ, Ding LX, Pan ZW, Tong YX, Wu M, and Li GR
- Abstract
Correction for 'Cu2O template synthesis of high-performance PtCu alloy yolk-shell cube catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells' by Sheng-Hua Ye et al., Chem. Commun., 2014, 50, 12337-12340, DOI: 10.1039/C4CC04108A.
- Published
- 2020
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14. Impact of Elevated Body Mass Index on Surgical Outcomes for Patients Undergoing Cervical Fusion Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
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Zhang GA, Zhang WP, Chen YC, Hou Y, Qu W, and Ding LX
- Subjects
- Disability Evaluation, Humans, Length of Stay, Mortality, Operative Time, Body Mass Index, Cervical Vertebrae surgery, Obesity complications, Postoperative Complications etiology, Spinal Fusion
- Abstract
To investigate whether high body mass index (BMI) had adverse effects on the postoperative outcomes for patients who underwent anterior or posterior cervical fusion procedures. A literature search were conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Comparative or controlled studies that examined the influences of high BMI on postoperative outcomes after cervical fusion procedures were included. Using a fixed-effect model or random-effect model, the effects of high BMI were determined by weight mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) or risk ratio (RR) with 95% CI. A total of seven studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled estimate showed that high BMI was associated with longer hospital stay (WMD = 1.61 days, 95% CI: 0.51, 2.71; P = 0.004), longer surgical time (WMD = 4.55, 95% CI: 1.04, 8.07; P = 0.011), higher mortality rate (RR = 3.01, 95% CI: 2.75, 3.29; P < 0.001), and higher postoperative rates of cardiac complication (RR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.52; P = 0.001), deep venous thromboembolism (RR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.36, 3.86; P = 0.002), and wound complication (RR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.28; P < 0.001). However, there was no significant differences between high and normal BMI groups in terms of Neck Disability Index (WMD = 1.49, 95% CI: -2.34, 5.32; P = 0.447), SF-36 Mental Component Score (MCS) (WMD = -0.87, 95% CI: -2.09, 0.35; P = 0.164), overall complications (RR = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.80, 1.76; P = 0.399), central nervous system (CNS) complications (RR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.17, 2.76; P = 0.586), pulmonary complications (RR = 1.46, 95% CI: 0.87, 2.46; P = 0.150), and septic complications (RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.32, 2.38; P = 0.785).High BMI seemed to be associated with longer hospital stay, surgical time, and higher postoperative complication rates compared to normal BMI. Therefore, high BMI patients should be counseled carefully regarding the risk of postoperative complications and surgical outcomes after cervical fusion procedures., (© 2019 The Authors. Orthopaedic Surgery published by Chinese Orthopaedic Association and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
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15. Efficacy of Vertebroplasty in Short-Segment Pedicle Screw Fixation of Thoracolumbar Fractures: A Meta-Analysis.
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Zhang GA, Zhang WP, Chen YC, Hou Y, Qu W, and Ding LX
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Fracture Fixation, Internal methods, Fractures, Compression, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Operative Time, Pedicle Screws, Spinal Fractures surgery, Treatment Outcome, Lumbar Vertebrae surgery, Thoracic Vertebrae surgery, Vertebroplasty methods
- Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-segment pedicle screw instrumentation provides superior outcomes in treating thoracolumbar fractures. Nevertheless, the effect of intermediate screws on the outcome of short-segment instrumentation at the fracture level has not been specifically analyzed. We performed an update meta-analysis of the effect of additional vertebroplasty on the outcome of short-segment instrumentation to determine the role of screws for patients with fractured vertebra. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted, updated to January 2019, in terms of the efficacy of additional vertebroplasty on the outcome of short-segment instrumentation at the fracture level. After rigorous quality review, we extracted the data from qualified clinical studies. We further analyzed odds ratios (ORs) of the endpoints of interest based on the included trials. RESULTS Compared with the control group, short-segmental fixation combined with intermediate screws restored Cobb angle (P<0.001) and reduced anterior vertebral height compression (P=0.001). However, our results did not reveal statistically significant differences in operative time (P=0.28) or estimated blood loss (P=0.23). A statistically significant difference was observed in mean hospital stay (P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Reinforcement with fracture-level screw combination can help stabilize the fractures and restore the anatomy. Nevertheless, additional trials and studies with longer follow-ups and on larger populations are warranted to confirm the current findings.
- Published
- 2019
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16. Co(OH) 2 @PANI Hybrid Nanosheets with 3D Networks as High-Performance Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.
- Author
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Feng JX, Ding LX, Ye SH, He XJ, Xu H, Tong YX, and Li GR
- Published
- 2019
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17. Tetrandrine inhibits proliferation of colon cancer cells by BMP9/ PTEN/ PI3K/AKT signaling.
- Author
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Zhou Y, Mu L, Liu XL, Li Q, Ding LX, Chen HC, Hu Y, Li FS, Sun WJ, He BC, and Wu K
- Abstract
Despite advances in screening and treatment, colon cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Finding novel and useful drug treatment targets is also an urgent need for clinical applications. Tetrandrine (Tet) is extracted from the Chinese medicinal herbal medicine, which is a well-known calcium blocker with a variety of pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer. In this study, we recruited cell viability assay, flow cytometry analysis, cloning formation to confirm that Tet can inhibit the proliferation of SW620 cells, and induce apoptosis. Mechanically, we confirmed that Tet up-regulates the mRNA and protein level of BMP9 in SW620 cells. Over-expression BMP9 enhances the anti-cancer effects of Tet in SW620 cells, but these effects can be partly reversed by silencing BMP9. Also, Tet reduces phosphorylation of Aktl/2/3 in SW620 cells, which could be elevated by overexpressed BMP9 and impaired by silencing BMP9. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Tet reduces phosphorylated PTEN, which can be promoted by overexpressed BMP9, analogously also be attenuated through silencing BMP9. Finally, we introduced a xenograft tumor model to investigate the anti-proliferative effect of Tet, further to explore the effects of BMP9 and PTEN in SW620 cells. Our findings suggested that the anti-cancer activity of Tet in SW620 cells may be mediated partly by up-regulating BMP9, followed by inactivation PI3K/Akt through up-regulating PTEN at least., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interests., (© 2019 Chongqing Medical University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2019
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18. High Efficiency Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation Achieved with a Lower Pressure Reaction System by Changing the Chemical Equilibrium.
- Author
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Cheng H, Cui P, Wang F, Ding LX, and Wang H
- Abstract
We demonstrate a simple and effective chemical equilibrium regulation strategy to improve the efficiency of electrochemical ammonia synthesis by constructing electrochemical reaction system that works at significantly lower pressure than the Haber-Bosch process. Transferring the nitrogen reduction reaction from ambient conditions to a lightly pressurized environment not only accelerates the activation of the N≡N triple bond but also inhibits the competing reaction of hydrogen evolution while promoting the dissolution and diffusion of nitrogen. The verification experiment of using well-designed Fe
3 Mo3 C/C composite nanosheets as the nitrogen reduction catalyst shows that the lower pressure reaction system can improve the Faradaic current efficiency by one order of magnitude. Moreover, the comparatively low-pressure reaction system can greatly reduce the cell voltage of the ammonia synthesis reaction (up to 33 %) even at the relatively low pressure of 0.7 MPa, which is of significance for decreasing the energy consumption of electrochemical ammonia synthesis under mild conditions., (© 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)- Published
- 2019
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19. An updated meta-analysis of clinical outcomes comparing minimally invasive with open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in patients with degenerative lumbar diseases.
- Author
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Chen YC, Zhang L, Li EN, Ding LX, Zhang GA, Hou Y, and Yuan W
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- Adult, Blood Loss, Surgical statistics & numerical data, Humans, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Operative Time, Treatment Outcome, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration surgery, Lumbar Vertebrae surgery, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures methods, Spinal Fusion methods
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Open-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (O-TLIF) is regarded as the standard (S) approach which is currently available for patients with degenerative lumbar diseases patients. In addition, minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) has proposed and gradually obtained popularity compared with O-TLIF procedures due to its beneficial outcomes in minimized tissue injury and quicker recovery. Nonetheless, debates exist concerning the use of MI-TLIF with its conflicting outcomes of clinical effect and safety in several publications. The purpose of the current study is to conduct an updated meta-analysis to provide eligible and systematical assessment available for the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of MI-TLIF in comparison with O-TLIF., Methods: Publications on the comparison of O-TLIF and MI-TLIF in treating degenerative lumbar diseases in last 5 years were collected. After rigorous reviewing on the eligibility of publications, the available data was further extracted from qualified trials. All trials were conducted with the analysis of the summary hazard ratios (HRs) of the interest endpoints, including intraoperative and postoperative outcomes., Results: Admittedly, it is hard to run a clinical RCT to compare the prognosis of patients undergoing O-TLIF and MI-TLIF. A total of 10 trials including non-randomized trials in the current study were collected according to our inclusion criteria. The pooled results of surgery duration indicated that MI-TLIF was highly associated with shorter length of hospital stay, less blood loss, and less complications. However, there were no remarkable differences in the operate time, VAS-BP, VAS-LP, and ODI between the 2 study groups., Conclusion: The quantitative analysis and combined results of our study suggest that MI-TLIF may be a valid and alternative method with safe profile in comparison of O-TLIF, with reduced blood loss, decreased length of stay, and complication rates. While, no remarkable differences were found or observed in the operate time, VAS-BP, VAS-LP, and ODI. Considering the limited available data and sample size, more RCTs with high quality are demanded to confirm the role of MI-TLIF as a standard approach in treating degenerative lumbar diseases.
- Published
- 2019
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20. Blocking ATM-dependent NF-κB pathway overcomes niche protection and improves chemotherapy response in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Chen YL, Tang C, Zhang MY, Huang WL, Xu Y, Sun HY, Yang F, Song LL, Wang H, Mu LL, Li MH, Zheng WW, Miao Y, Ding LX, Li BS, Shen SH, Liu SL, Li H, Zhu ZQ, Chen HW, Tang ZH, Chen J, Hong DL, Chen HZ, Duan CW, and Zhou BS
- Subjects
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Cell Line, Tumor, Child, Cytokines metabolism, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm drug effects, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic drug effects, Humans, Mice, Mice, Inbred NOD, Mice, SCID, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma metabolism, TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 metabolism, Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins antagonists & inhibitors, NF-kappa B antagonists & inhibitors, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma drug therapy, Signal Transduction drug effects
- Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) niche responds to chemotherapy-induced cytokines secreted from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells and protects the residual cells from chemotherapeutics in vivo. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for the induction of cytokines by chemotherapy remain unknown. Here, we found that chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., Ara-C, DNR, 6-MP) induced the expression of niche-protecting cytokines (GDF15, CCL3 and CCL4) in both ALL cell lines and primary cells in vitro. The ATM and NF-κB pathways were activated after chemotherapy treatment, and the pharmacological or genetic inhibition of these pathways significantly reversed the cytokine upregulation. Besides, chemotherapy-induced NF-κB activation was dependent on ATM-TRAF6 signaling, and NF-κB transcription factor p65 directly regulated the cytokines expression. Furthermore, we found that both pharmacological and genetic perturbation of ATM and p65 significantly decreased the residual ALL cells after Ara-C treatment in ALL xenograft mouse models. Together, these results demonstrated that ATM-dependent NF-κB activation mediated the cytokines induction by chemotherapy and ALL resistance to chemotherapeutics. Inhibition of ATM-dependent NF-κB pathway can sensitize ALL to chemotherapeutics, providing a new strategy to eradicate residual chemo-resistant ALL cells.
- Published
- 2019
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21. Late deep cervical infection after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a case report and literature review.
- Author
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Chen YC, Zhang L, Li EN, Ding LX, Zhang GA, Hou Y, and Yuan W
- Subjects
- Abscess etiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Cervical Vertebrae microbiology, Debridement, Device Removal adverse effects, Drainage, Drug Therapy, Combination methods, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neck Dissection, Orthotic Devices, Prostheses and Implants adverse effects, Prosthesis-Related Infections etiology, Spinal Fusion instrumentation, Staphylococcus aureus isolation & purification, Time Factors, Titanium adverse effects, Treatment Outcome, Abscess therapy, Cervical Vertebrae surgery, Diskectomy adverse effects, Prosthesis-Related Infections therapy, Spinal Fusion adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is often performed for the treatment of degenerative cervical spine. While this procedure is highly successful, 0.1-1.6% of early and late postoperative infection have been reported although the rate of late infection is very low., Case Presentation: Here, we report a case of 59-year-old male patient who developed deep cervical abscess 30 days after anterior cervical discectomy and titanium cage bone graft fusion (autologous bone) at C3/4 and C4/5. The patient did not have esophageal perforation. The abscess was managed through radical neck dissection approach with repated washing and removal of the titanium implant. Staphylococcus aureus was positively cultured from the abscess drainage, for which appropriate antibiotics including cefoxitin, vancomycin, levofloxacin, and cefoperazone were administered postoperatively. In addition, an external Hallo frame was used to support unstable cervical spine. The patient's deep cervical infection was healed 3 months after debridement and antibiotic administration. His cervial spine was stablized 11 months after the surgery with support of external Hallo Frame., Conclusions: This case suggested that deep cervical infection should be considered if a patient had history of ACDF even in the absence of esophageal perforation.
- Published
- 2019
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22. Advanced Non-metallic Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction under Ambient Conditions.
- Author
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Zhang L, Chen GF, Ding LX, and Wang H
- Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of nitrogen into ammonia under ambient conditions is a potential strategy for sustainable ammonia production. At present, one of the main research directions in the field of electrochemical nitrogen fixation is to improve the current efficiency and ammonia yield by developing efficient nitrogen reduction catalysts. To optimise the selectivity and catalytic activity of nitrogen reduction catalysts more efficiently, herein, we systematically summarise the progress of research on nitrogen reduction catalysts in recent years and present some general catalyst design strategies. Considering that it is difficult for metal-based catalysts to balance the competitive reactions of nitrogen activation and hydrogen evolution, we discuss in detail the advantages and application prospects of non-metallic catalysts in electrochemical nitrogen fixation. Moreover, both the design strategy of surface or interface defects, and how this atomic-level control of functionalisation helps to promote selectivity and catalytic activity are also discussed by theoretical and experimental electrochemistry. On this basis, we also discussed the future development direction, opportunities and challenges of nitrogen reduction electrocatalysts., (© 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2019
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23. Diabetic retinopathy: Focus on NADPH oxidase and its potential as therapeutic target.
- Author
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Peng JJ, Xiong SQ, Ding LX, Peng J, and Xia XB
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Diabetic Retinopathy drug therapy, Diabetic Retinopathy enzymology, Molecular Targeted Therapy methods, NADPH Oxidases metabolism
- Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes that affects the retina due to a sustained high blood sugar level. Recent studies have demonstrated that high glucose-driven oxidative stress plays an important role in the microvascular complications of retina in diabetes. Oxidative stress occurs due to the excess of reactive oxygen species, which causes oxidative damage to retina, leading to the leak of tiny blood vessels, or acts as signaling molecules to trigger neovascularization, resulting in new fragile vessels. NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a key enzymatic source of reactive oxygen species in the retina, and it is involved in the early as well as the advanced stage of diabetic retinopathy. To date, at least 7 NOX isoforms, including NOX1 to NOX5, dual oxidase1 and dual oxidase 2, have been identified. It has been shown that NOX isoforms exert different roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Intervention of NOX by its inhibitors or modulators shows beneficial effect on improving the retinal functions in the models of diabetic retinopathy in vivo or in vitro. Thereby, NOX might be a potential target for the therapy of diabetic retinopathy. The present review focuses on the role of NOX, particularly the NOX isoforms, in promoting the development of diabetic retinopathy. In addition, NOX isoforms as potential targets for therapy of diabetic retinopathy are also discussed., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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24. Comparison of Posterolateral Fusion and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion in the Treatment of Lumbar Spondylolithesis: A Meta-Analysis.
- Author
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Chen YC, Zhang L, Li EN, Ding LX, Zhang GA, Hou Y, and Yuan W
- Subjects
- Blood Loss, Surgical statistics & numerical data, Humans, Postoperative Complications etiology, Spinal Fusion adverse effects, Treatment Outcome, Lumbar Vertebrae surgery, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Spinal Fusion methods, Spondylolisthesis surgery
- Abstract
Aim : Both posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and posterolateral fusion (PLF) are the frequently-used techniques to treat lumbar spondylolithesis. The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the safety and effectiveness between these two methods. Materials and Methods : The multiple databases were used to search for the relevant studies, and full-text articles involved in the comparison between PLIF and PLF were reviewed. Review Manager 5.0 was adopted to estimate the effects of the results among selected articles. Forest plots, sensitivity analysis and bias analysis for the articles included were also conducted. Results : Finally, 11 relevant studies were eventually satisfied the included criteria. The meta-analysis suggested that there was no significant difference of the clinical outcome, fusion rate, complication rate and blood loss (RR = 1.07, 95%CI [0.97, 1.17], P = 0.16; RR = 0.84, 95%CI [0.49, 1.45], P = 0.54; RR = 1.07, 95%CI [0.95, 1.21], P = 0.25; SMD = 0.24, 95%CI [-0.50, 0.98], P = 0.52; respectively). No publication bias was observed in this study (P > 0.05). Conclusions : Both these two procedures provide excellent outcomes for patients with spondylolisthesis. There was no significant difference of clinical outcome, complication rate, fusion rate and blood loss between PLIF and PLF techniques.
- Published
- 2019
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25. Ammonia Synthesis Under Ambient Conditions: Selective Electroreduction of Dinitrogen to Ammonia on Black Phosphorus Nanosheets.
- Author
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Zhang L, Ding LX, Chen GF, Yang X, and Wang H
- Abstract
Constructing efficient catalysts for the N
2 reduction reaction (NRR) is a major challenge for artificial nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions. Herein, inspired by the principle of "like dissolves like", it is demonstrated that a member of the nitrogen family, well-exfoliated few-layer black phosphorus nanosheets (FL-BP NSs), can be used as an efficient nonmetallic catalyst for electrochemical nitrogen reduction. The catalyst can achieve a high ammonia yield of 31.37 μg h-1 mg-1 cat. under ambient conditions. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the active orbital and electrons of zigzag and diff-zigzag type edges of FL-BP NSs enable selective electrocatalysis of N2 to NH3 via an alternating hydrogenation pathway. This work proves the feasibility of using a nonmetallic simple substance as a nitrogen-fixing catalyst and thus opening a new avenue towards the development of more efficient metal-free catalysts., (© 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)- Published
- 2019
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26. Unilateral versus bilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in elderly patients: A meta-analysis.
- Author
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Chen YC, Zhang L, Li EN, Ding LX, Zhang GA, Hou Y, and Yuan W
- Subjects
- Aged, Bone Cements, Disability Evaluation, Humans, Operative Time, Pain Measurement, Postoperative Complications, Quality of Life, Vertebroplasty adverse effects, Fractures, Compression surgery, Osteoporotic Fractures surgery, Spinal Fractures surgery, Vertebroplasty methods
- Abstract
Objective: To contrast the effects and complications in unilateral and bilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in elderly patients., Methods: Multiple databases were adopted to search relevant studies, and the articles eventually satisfied the criteria were included. All the meta-analyses were conducted with the Review Manager 5.2. To estimate the quality of each article, risk of bias table was performed., Results: Finally, 627 patients were enrolled in 9 studies and ultimately met the eligibility criteria. The unilateral and bilateral surgical samples were 314 and 313, respectively. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference in Visual Analog Scale/Score (VAS) (MD = -0.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-0.24, 0.13], P = .57), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score (MD = 0.03, 95% CI [-0.57, 0.62], P = .93) and cement leakage (OR = 1.00, 95% CI [0.67, 1.50], P = 1.00) between unilateral group and bilateral group. The surgery time of unilateral PVP is much less than that of bilateral PVP (MD = -8.42, 95% CI [-13.17, -3.66], P = .0005). Patients with bilateral PVP surgery have been injected more cement than patients with a unilateral surgery (MD = -2.56, 95% CI [-2.79, -2.33], P <.00001)., Conclusion: This study demonstrated unipedicular approach is the preferred surgical technique for treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) compared with bilateral PVP since unipedicular approach injects less cement and cost less surgery time.
- Published
- 2019
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27. Molybdenum Carbide Nanodots Enable Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation under Ambient Conditions.
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Cheng H, Ding LX, Chen GF, Zhang L, Xue J, and Wang H
- Abstract
Electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation is considered a promising approach to achieve NH
3 production. However, due to the chemical inertness of nitrogen, it is necessary to develop efficient catalysts to facilitate the process of nitrogen reduction. Here, molybdenum carbide nanodots embedded in ultrathin carbon nanosheets (Mo2 C/C) are developed to serve as a catalyst candidate for highly efficient and robust N2 fixation through an electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). The as-synthesized Mo2 C/C nanosheets show excellent catalytic performance with a high NH3 yield rate (11.3 µg h-1 mg-1 Mo2C ) and Faradic efficiency (7.8%) for NRR under ambient conditions. More importantly, the isotopic experiments using15 N2 as a nitrogen source confirm that the synthesized ammonia is derived from the direct supply of nitrogen. This result also demonstrates the possibility of high-efficiency nitrogen reduction even though accompanied with vigorous hydrogen evolution., (© 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)- Published
- 2018
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28. Paralyzed membrane: Current-driven synthesis of a metal-organic framework with sharpened propene/propane separation.
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Zhou S, Wei Y, Li L, Duan Y, Hou Q, Zhang L, Ding LX, Xue J, Wang H, and Caro J
- Abstract
Metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes show great promise for propene/propane separation, yet a sharp molecular sieving has not been achieved due to their inherent linker mobility. Here, zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-8-type membranes with suppressed linker mobility are prepared by a fast current-driven synthesis (FCDS) strategy within 20 min, showing sharpened molecular sieving for propene/propane separation with a separation factor above 300. During membrane synthesis, the direct current promotes the metal ions and ligands to assemble into inborn-distorted and stiffer frameworks with ZIF-8_Cm (a newly discovered polymorph of ZIF-8) accounting for 60 to 70% of the membrane composition. Molecular dynamics simulations further verify that ZIF-8_Cm is superior to ZIF-8_I 4 ¯ 3 m (the common cubic phase) for propene/propane separation. FCDS holds great potential to produce high-quality, ultrathin MOF membranes on a large scale.
- Published
- 2018
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29. Pseudomonas pharmafabricae sp. nov., Isolated From Pharmaceutical Wastewater.
- Author
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Yu XY, Zhai JY, Wu C, Zhang CY, Shi JY, Ding LX, and Wu M
- Subjects
- Base Composition, China, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Fatty Acids analysis, Genes, Bacterial genetics, Genome, Bacterial genetics, Genotype, Phenotype, Phospholipids analysis, Pseudomonas genetics, Pseudomonas physiology, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Ubiquinone, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Phylogeny, Pseudomonas classification, Wastewater microbiology
- Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated ZYSR67-Z
T , was isolated from a pharmaceutical wastewater sample collected from a chemical factory in Zhejiang, China. The strain was motile by a single polar flagellum and grew at 4-42 °C (optimum, 35 °C), pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum, 6.0) and 0-5.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2.0%). Based on multilocus sequence analysis using 16S rRNA, gyrB, rpoB and rpoD, the strain ZYSR67-ZT formed a distinct phylogenetic group in the genus Pseudomonas. The average nucleotide identity values between strain ZYSR67-ZT and the closely related 10 type strains of the Pseudomonas species were 75.8-78.6%. The in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values indicated that strain ZYSR67-ZT and the type strains of the Pseudomonas shared 21.4-23.1% DNA relatedness. The predominant isoprenoid quinone system was ubiquinone-9 while ubiquinone-8 was present in trace amounts. The major fatty acids (> 10%) identified were C12:0 , C16:0 , C18:1 ω7c and summed features 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2OH). The major polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA G+C content was 62.6 mol%. On the basis of morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, together with the results of phylogenetic analysis, strain ZYSR67-ZT was proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas, named Pseudomonas pharmafabricae sp. nov.. The type strain is ZYSR67-ZT (= CGMCC 1.15498T = JCM 31306T ).- Published
- 2018
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30. Self-Assembled Close-Packed MnO 2 Nanoparticles Anchored on a Polyethylene Separator for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.
- Author
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Song X, Chen G, Wang S, Huang Y, Jiang Z, Ding LX, and Wang H
- Abstract
Separator modification has been proved to be an effective approach for overcoming lithium polysulfide (LiPS) shuttling in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) cells. However, the weight and stability of the modified layer also affect the cycling properties and the energy density of Li-S cells. Here, we initially construct an ultrathin and lightweight MnO
2 layer (380 nm, 0.014 mg cm-2 ) on a commercial polyethylene (PE) separator (MnO2 @PE) through a chemical self-assembly method. This MnO2 layer is tightly anchored onto the PE substrate because of the presence of oxygen-containing groups that form a relatively strong chemical force between the MnO2 nanoparticles and the PE substrate. In addition, the mechanical strength of the separator is not affected by this modification procedure. Moreover, because of the catalytic effect and compactness of the MnO2 layer, the MnO2 @PE separator can greatly suppress LiPS shuttling. As a result, the application of this MnO2 @PE separator in Li-S batteries leads to high reversible capacity and superior cycling stability. This strategy provides a novel approach to separator surface modification.- Published
- 2018
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31. One or Two Drains for the Treatment of Surgical Site Infections After Lumbar Spine Surgery.
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Chen YC, Zhang L, Li EN, Ding LX, Zhang GA, Hou Y, and Yuan W
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Middle Aged, Neurosurgical Procedures adverse effects, Operative Time, Orthopedic Procedures adverse effects, Retrospective Studies, Staphylococcus drug effects, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Drainage methods, Lumbar Vertebrae surgery, Surgical Wound Infection therapy
- Abstract
Background: Optimal drainage after débridement for treating postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) is controversial. We compared single-tube drainage with double-tube drainage., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1125 patients with lumbar degenerative disease who underwent lumbar surgery. Postoperative SSI was diagnosed in 26 patients, and these patients were divided into 2 groups: single-tube drainage group (1 drain) and double-tube drainage group (2 drains)., Results: The 26 adult patients (17 women and 9 men) with postoperative SSI after lumbar surgery (26/1125 [2.3%]) were treated with débridement. There were no significant differences in patient age, sex, body mass index, mean number of pedicle screws, operative time, amount of bleeding, and drainage between the 2 groups. There were no significant differences between groups in administration of antibiotics (P > 0.05). Bacterial cultures were routinely performed in all 26 cases of SSI; 80.7% (21/26) of patients had a positive culture. Staphylococcus species, including predominantly S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and S. epidermidis, were the most common pathogens, followed by Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis. There were no significant differences in drainage efficiency between the 1 drain and 2 drains groups (P > 0.05)., Conclusions: There were no significant differences between the 1 drain and 2 drains groups in surgery-related and patient-related risk factors, pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic therapy, laboratory tests results, or drainage efficiency and time. However, patients in the 1 drain group exhibited better clinical outcome and shorter hospital stay., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
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32. Association between Physical Activity and Telomere Length in a North Chinese Population: A China Suboptimal Health Cohort Study.
- Author
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Ding LX, Zhang YH, Xu XZ, Zhang J, SUNg M, Liu D, Zhao ZY, Zhou Y, Zhang Q, and Wang YX
- Subjects
- Adult, China, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Asian People genetics, Exercise physiology, Telomere
- Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated an association between physical activity and telomere length; however, the association remains inconsistent. A cross-sectional study consisting of 588 participants (375 females, median age of 33.8 years) was carried out to investigate the association between telomere length and physical activity in a general population from North China. The results show that relative telomere length is not significantly different in participants in the northern Chinese population with different levels of physical activity, either in the model only adjusted for age (F = 2.127, P = 0.120) or in the model adjusted for demographics and lifestyle (F = 1.227, P = 0.294). The gender-stratified analysis also produced insignificant results. Our study confirmed a non-significant association between physical activity and telomere length in the northern Chinese population, which adds to the inconsistent association between physical activity and telomere length across different ethnic populations., (Copyright © 2018 The Editorial Board of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. Published by China CDC. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
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33. Revealing potential functions of VBNC bacteria in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons biodegradation.
- Author
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Su XM, Bamba AM, Zhang S, Zhang YG, Hashmi MZ, Lin HJ, and Ding LX
- Subjects
- Soil Microbiology, Bacteria metabolism, Biodegradation, Environmental, Polychlorinated Biphenyls metabolism, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons metabolism, Soil Pollutants metabolism
- Abstract
The bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated sites is not running smoothly, because of the lower activity of PAH-degrading bacteria in actual bioremediation applications. The phenomenon of "viable but nonculturable" (VBNC) state may be a main limiting factor for their poor biodegradation capabilities of PAHs. Due to their abilities of entering into the VBNC state, most of bacterial populations with PAH-degradation potential remain unculturable. Resuscitation of VBNC bacteria will enhance the degradation capability of indigenous bacteria which will eventually obtain their better capabilities in environmental bioremediation. Although evidences have been presented indicating that resuscitation of VBNC bacteria in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated environments not only significantly enhanced PCB degradation, but also obtained novel highly efficient PCB-degrading bacteria, scanty information is available on the VBNC bacteria in PAH-contaminated sites. VBNC bacteria, as a vast majority of potential microbial resource could be the repository of novel highly efficient PAH-biodegraders. Therefore, studies need to be done on resuscitation of VBNC bacteria to overcome key bottlenecks in bioremediation of PAH-contaminated sites. This mini-review provides a new insight into the potential functions of VBNC bacteria in PAHs biodegradation., Significance and Impact of the Study: As the vast majority microbial resource, viable but nonculturable (VBNC) bacteria, which showed their potential functions in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) biodegradation, can be of great significance in environmental bioremediation. It is therefore important to resuscitate VBNC bacteria for their better capabilities. Meanwhile, preventing the indigenous functional community from entering into the VBNC state will also maintain the high activity of PAH-degrading bacteria in actual bioremediation applications. Undoubtedly, much more work needs to be done to reveal indigenous micro-organisms in the VBNC state from the perspective of environmental functions., (© 2018 The Society for Applied Microbiology.)
- Published
- 2018
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34. MXene molecular sieving membranes for highly efficient gas separation.
- Author
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Ding L, Wei Y, Li L, Zhang T, Wang H, Xue J, Ding LX, Wang S, Caro J, and Gogotsi Y
- Abstract
Molecular sieving membranes with sufficient and uniform nanochannels that break the permeability-selectivity trade-off are desirable for energy-efficient gas separation, and the arising two-dimensional (2D) materials provide new routes for membrane development. However, for 2D lamellar membranes, disordered interlayer nanochannels for mass transport are usually formed between randomly stacked neighboring nanosheets, which is obstructive for highly efficient separation. Therefore, manufacturing lamellar membranes with highly ordered nanochannel structures for fast and precise molecular sieving is still challenging. Here, we report on lamellar stacked MXene membranes with aligned and regular subnanometer channels, taking advantage of the abundant surface-terminating groups on the MXene nanosheets, which exhibit excellent gas separation performance with H
2 permeability >2200 Barrer and H2 /CO2 selectivity >160, superior to the state-of-the-art membranes. The results of molecular dynamics simulations quantitatively support the experiments, confirming the subnanometer interlayer spacing between the neighboring MXene nanosheets as molecular sieving channels for gas separation.- Published
- 2018
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35. Association of the insulin-like growth factor-1 single nucleotide polymorphisms rs35767, rs2288377, and rs5742612 with osteoporosis risk: A meta-analysis.
- Author
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Chen YC, Zhang L, Li EN, Ding LX, Zhang GA, Hou Y, and Yuan W
- Subjects
- Absorptiometry, Photon methods, Aged, Bone Density physiology, Case-Control Studies, China epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis epidemiology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, Genetic Predisposition to Disease epidemiology, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I genetics, Osteoporosis diagnostic imaging, Osteoporosis genetics
- Abstract
Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in the regulation of bone formation and mineralization. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to assess the association of three IGF-1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs35767, rs2288377, and rs5742612 with osteoporosis risk., Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Medline, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang databases was conducted. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a fixed effects model., Results: Four Chinese case-control studies with a total of 2807 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed an association between rs35767 and osteoporosis risk in all study subjects (women and men) in dominant (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.13-1.53, P < .001), recessive (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.35-2.21, P < .001), homozygote (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.46-2.45, P < .001), and allelic (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.18-1.47, P < .001) models. Subgroup analysis according to gender showed that rs35767 was associated with osteoporosis risk in women under dominant (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.08-1.54, P = .005), recessive (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.19-2.12, P = .002), homozygote (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.28-2.34, P < .001), and allelic (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.12-1.47, P < .001) models. Meta-analysis did not find associations of rs2288377 and rs5742612 with osteoporosis risk. There was no evidence of between-study heterogeneity and publication bias., Conclusion: Our results suggest that rs35767 is associated with osteoporosis risk in Chinese, whereas there is no association of rs2288377 and rs5742612 with osteoporosis risk., (Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
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36. Ammonia Electrosynthesis with High Selectivity under Ambient Conditions via a Li + Incorporation Strategy.
- Author
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Chen GF, Cao X, Wu S, Zeng X, Ding LX, Zhu M, and Wang H
- Abstract
We report the discovery of a dramatically enhanced N
2 electroreduction reaction (NRR) selectivity under ambient conditions via the Li+ incorporation into poly(N-ethyl-benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic diimide) (PEBCD) as a catalyst. The detailed electrochemical evaluation and density functional theory calculations showed that Li+ association with the O atoms in the PEBCD matrix can retard the HER process and can facilitate the adsorption of N2 to afford a high potential scope for the NRR process to proceed in the "[O-Li+ ]·N2 -Hx " alternating hydrogenation mode. This atomic-scale incorporation strategy provides new insight into the rational design of NRR catalysts with higher selectivity.- Published
- 2017
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37. Highly Compressible Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Foam Electrode with Excellent Rate Capability via a Smart Etching and Catalytic Process.
- Author
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Xiao K, Zeng Y, Long J, Chen H, Ding LX, Wang S, and Wang H
- Abstract
Freestanding three-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon foam with large pores is proposed as a promising electrode configuration for elastic electronics. Although it exhibits excellent mechanical performance, the capacitive performances (especially its rate capability) are still unsatisfactory. By using KMnO
4 , we demonstrate a smart etching and catalytic process to form highly graphitized and etched nitrogen-doped carbon foam (ENCF) with an exfoliated carbon-shell architecture. These compositional and structural features endow the ENCF electrodes with excellent electron conductivity as well as more ion-accessible electrochemical active sites. Significantly, all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitor devices based on the ENCF electrodes exhibit enhanced specific capacitance and marked high-rate capability. Furthermore, the integrated device has no significant capacity loss under 60% compressive strain.- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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38. Self-Supported PtAuP Alloy Nanotube Arrays with Enhanced Activity and Stability for Methanol Electro-Oxidation.
- Author
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Zhang L, Ding LX, Chen H, Li D, Wang S, and Wang H
- Abstract
Inhibiting CO formation can more directly address the problem of CO poisoning during methanol electro-oxidation. In this study, 1D self-supported porous PtAuP alloy nanotube arrays (ANTAs) are synthesized via a facile electro-codeposition approach and present enhanced activity and improved resistance to CO poisoning through inhibiting CO formation (non-CO pathway) during the methanol oxidation reaction in acidic medium. This well-controlled Pt-/transition metal-/nonmetal ternary nanostructure exhibits a specific electroactivity twice as great as that of PtAu alloy nanotube arrays and Pt/C. At the same time, PtAuP ANTAs show a higher ratio of forward peak current density (I
f ) to backward peak current density (Ib ) (2.34) than PtAu ANTAs (1.27) and Pt/C (0.78). The prominent If /Ib value of PtAuP ANTAs indicates that most of the intermediate species are electro-oxidized to carbon dioxide in the forward scan, which highlights the high electroactivity for methanol electro-oxidation., (© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)- Published
- 2017
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39. Association between the SUMO4 M55V Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-analysis.
- Author
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Zhang Q, Liu D, Zhao ZY, Sun Q, Ding LX, and Wang YX
- Subjects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease genetics, Humans, Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Genetic Predisposition to Disease epidemiology, Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins genetics
- Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine whether the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)., Methods: A meta-analysis was performed to detect the potential association of the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism and susceptibility to T2DM under dominant, recessive, co-dominant (homogeneous and heterogeneous), and additive models., Results: A total of eight articles including 10 case-control studies, with a total of 2932 cases and 2679 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. The significant association between the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism and susceptibility to T2DM was observed in the dominant model (GG + GA versus AA: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.05-1.40, P = 0.009), recessive model (GG versus GA + AA: OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.07-1.356, P = 0.010), homozygous model (GG versus AA: OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.06-1.56, P = 0.001), and additive model (G versus A: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.08-1.29, P = 0.001), and marginally significant in the heterozygous model (GA versus AA: OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.98-1.36, P = 0.080). In subgroup analyses, significant associations were observed in the Chinese population under four genetic models excluding the heterozygous model, whereas no statistically significant associations were observed in the Japanese population under each of the five genetic models., Conclusion: The meta-analysis demonstrated that the G allele of the SUMO4 M55V polymorphism could be a susceptible risk locus to T2DM, mainly in the Chinese population, while the association in other ethnic population needs to be further validated in studies with relatively large samples., (Copyright © 2017 The Editorial Board of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. Published by China CDC. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
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40. Freestanding, Hydrophilic Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Foams for Highly Compressible All Solid-State Supercapacitors.
- Author
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Xiao K, Ding LX, Liu G, Chen H, Wang S, and Wang H
- Abstract
Freestanding and highly compressible nitrogen-doped carbon foam (NCF) with excellent hydrophilicity and good electrochemical properties is prepared. Based on NCF electrodes, a high-performance all solid-state symmetric supercapacitor device is fabricated with native, full compressibility, and excellent mechanical stability, addressing two major problems in the current technology., (© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2016
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41. Pt/Ni(OH) 2 -NiOOH/Pd multi-walled hollow nanorod arrays as superior electrocatalysts for formic acid electrooxidation.
- Author
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Xu H, Ding LX, Feng JX, and Li GR
- Abstract
The catalytic activity and durability are crucial for the development of high-performance electrocatalysts. To design electrocatalysts with excellent electroactivity and durability, the structure and composition are two important guiding principles. In this work, novel Pt/Ni(OH)
2 -NiOOH/Pd multi-walled hollow nanorod arrays (MHNRAs) are successfully synthesized. The unique MHNRAs provide fast transport and short diffusion paths for electroactive species and high utilization rate of catalysts. Because of the special surface and synergistic effects, the Pt/Ni(OH)2 -NiOOH/Pd MHNRA electrocatalysts exhibit high catalytic activity, high durability and superior CO poisoning tolerance for the electrooxidation of formic acid in comparison with Pt@Pd MHNRAs, commercial Pt/C, Pd/C and PtRu/C catalysts.- Published
- 2015
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42. Co(OH)2 @PANI Hybrid Nanosheets with 3D Networks as High-Performance Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.
- Author
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Feng JX, Ding LX, Ye SH, He XJ, Xu H, Tong YX, and Li GR
- Subjects
- Catalysis, Electrochemistry, Mechanical Phenomena, Nickel chemistry, Aniline Compounds chemistry, Cobalt chemistry, Hydrogen chemistry, Hydroxides chemistry, Nanostructures chemistry, Nanotechnology
- Abstract
Hybrid electrocatalysts with excellent electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen reduction are fabricated using an efficient and facile electrochemical route. The electronic and synergistic effects between Co(OH)2 and polyaniline (PANI) in the composite structure are the key factors that generate the high electrocatalytic activity and excellent stability. A highly efficient, non-precious metal-based flexible electrocatalyst for high-performance electrocatalysts is shown, which reveals a novel route for the design and synthesis of electrocatalysts., (© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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43. Nitrogen-doped bamboo-like carbon nanotubes: promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
- Author
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Li D, Zhang L, Chen H, Ding LX, Wang S, and Wang H
- Abstract
Nitrogen-doped bamboo-like carbon nanotubes (N-BCNTs) were synthesised using a facile one-step pyrolysis process. Due to their unique one-dimensional hollow structure and intrinsic high nitrogen content, N-BCNTs exhibit high capacity, superior rate capability, and excellent cycle stability and are, thus, promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
- Published
- 2015
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44. Hierarchical Mesoporous/Macroporous Perovskite La0.5Sr0.5CoO3-x Nanotubes: A Bifunctional Catalyst with Enhanced Activity and Cycle Stability for Rechargeable Lithium Oxygen Batteries.
- Author
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Liu G, Chen H, Xia L, Wang S, Ding LX, Li D, Xiao K, Dai S, and Wang H
- Abstract
Perovskites show excellent specific catalytic activity toward both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline solutions; however, small surface areas of the perovskites synthesized by traditional sol-gel methods lead to low utilization of catalytic sites, which gives rise to poor Li-O2 batteries performance and restricts their application. Herein, a hierarchical mesporous/macroporous perovskite La0.5Sr0.5CoO3-x (HPN-LSC) nanotube is developed to promote its application in Li-O2 batteries. The HPN-LSC nanotubes were synthesized via electrospinning technique followed by postannealing. The as-prepared HPN-LSC catalyst exhibits outstanding intrinsic ORR and OER catalytic activity. The HPN-LSC/KB electrode displays excellent performance toward both discharge and charge processes for Li-O2 batteries, which enhances the reversibility, the round-trip efficiency, and the capacity of resultant batteries. The synergy of high catalytic activity and hierarchical mesoporous/macroporous nanotubular structure results in the Li-O2 batteries with good rate capability and excellent cycle stability of sustaining 50 cycles at a current density of 0.1 mA cm(-2) with an upper-limit capacity of 500 mAh g(-1). The results will benefit for the future development of high-performance Li-O2 batteries using hierarchical mesoporous/macroporous nanostructured perovskite-type catalysts.
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- 2015
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45. Culture-dependent and culture-independent characterization of potentially functional biphenyl-degrading bacterial community in response to extracellular organic matter from Micrococcus luteus.
- Author
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Su XM, Liu YD, Hashmi MZ, Ding LX, and Shen CF
- Subjects
- Bacteria metabolism, Biotransformation, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Bacterial chemistry, DNA, Bacterial genetics, DNA, Ribosomal chemistry, DNA, Ribosomal genetics, Environmental Microbiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Bacteria classification, Bacteria isolation & purification, Microbial Consortia drug effects, Micrococcus luteus chemistry, Organic Chemicals isolation & purification, Polychlorinated Biphenyls metabolism
- Abstract
Biphenyl (BP)-degrading bacteria were identified to degrade various polychlorinated BP (PCB) congers in long-term PCB-contaminated sites. Exploring BP-degrading capability of potentially useful bacteria was performed for enhancing PCB bioremediation. In the present study, the bacterial composition of the PCB-contaminated sediment sample was first investigated. Then extracellular organic matter (EOM) from Micrococcus luteus was used to enhance BP biodegradation. The effect of the EOM on the composition of bacterial community was investigated by combining with culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. The obtained results indicate that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were predominant community in the PCB-contaminated sediment. EOM from M. luteus could stimulate the activity of some potentially difficult-to-culture BP degraders, which contribute to significant enhancement of BP biodegradation. The potentially difficult-to-culture bacteria in response to EOM addition were mainly Rhodococcus and Pseudomonas belonging to Gammaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria respectively. This study provides new insights into exploration of functional difficult-to-culture bacteria with EOM addition and points out broader BP/PCB degrading, which could be employed for enhancing PCB-bioremediation processes., (© 2015 The Authors. Microbial Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology.)
- Published
- 2015
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46. Highly stable PtP alloy nanotube arrays as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction in acidic medium.
- Author
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Zhang L, Wei M, Wang S, Li Z, Ding LX, and Wang H
- Abstract
Nanostructured Pt-metal alloys have shown impressive catalytic properties for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic medium, but their long-term stability has not been satisfactory. Herein, we look beyond the traditional Pt-metal alloys and have developed a new kind of Pt-nonmetal alloy electrocatalyst for the ORR. Specifically, the novel catalyst is composed of interconnected platinum monophosphide (PtP) alloy nanocrystals (∼3-4 nm) and featured supportless nanotube array morphologies. Due to the unique combination of composition and structure, the obtained PtP alloy nanotube arrays not only exhibited remarkable ORR activity, but also showed almost no degradation of the half-wave potential after accelerated durability tests. The result suggests that alloying Pt with a nonmetallic element (such as P) is indeed an effective approach to address the poor stability of Pt-based catalysts in acidic medium.
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- 2015
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47. Arthrobacter liuii sp. nov., resuscitated from Xinjiang desert soil.
- Author
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Yu XY, Zhang L, Ren B, Yang N, Liu M, Liu XT, Zhang LX, and Ding LX
- Subjects
- Arthrobacter genetics, Arthrobacter isolation & purification, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Base Composition, Cell Wall chemistry, China, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Fatty Acids chemistry, Lysine chemistry, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Arthrobacter classification, Desert Climate, Phylogeny, Soil Microbiology
- Abstract
A Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-motile actinobacterium, designated DSXY973(T), was isolated from soil samples collected from Xinjiang desert using medium supplemented with resuscitation-promoting factor, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that DSXY973(T) belonged to the genus Arthrobacter and was most closely related to Arthrobacter oryzae JCM 15922(T) with 97.1 % similarity. The DNA G+C content was 67.6 %. Cells of strain DSXY973(T) mainly contained MK-9(H2), and the cell wall contained l-lysine as the primary diamino acid. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. Strain DSXY973(T) was positive for catalase and negative for oxidase activity. On the basis of its phylogenetic position and phenotypic properties, strain DSXY973(T) represents a novel species of the genus Arthrobacter, for which the name Arthrobacter liuii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DSXY973(T) ( = CGMCC1.12778(T) = JCM 19864(T))., (© 2015 IUMS.)
- Published
- 2015
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48. Rhodococcus soli sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from soil using a resuscitative technique.
- Author
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Li SH, Yu XY, Park DJ, Hozzein WN, Kim CJ, Shu WS, Wadaan MA, Ding LX, and Li WJ
- Subjects
- Aerobiosis, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Bacterial chemistry, DNA, Bacterial genetics, DNA, Ribosomal chemistry, DNA, Ribosomal genetics, Fatty Acids analysis, Japan, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Phylogeny, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Rhodococcus genetics, Rhodococcus physiology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Rhodococcus classification, Rhodococcus isolation & purification, Soil Microbiology
- Abstract
A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore forming strain, designated DSD51W(T), was isolated using a resuscitative technique from a soil sample collected from Kyoto park, Japan, and characterized by using a polyphasic approach. The morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of the isolate were typical of those of members of the genus Rhodococcus. Strain DSD51W(T) was found to form a coherent cluster with Rhodococcus hoagii ATCC 7005(T), Rhodococcus equi NBRC 101255(T), Rhodococcus defluvii Call(T) and Rhodococcus kunmingensis YIM 45607(T) as its closest phylogenetic neighbours in 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. However, the DNA-DNA hybridization values with the above strains were 58.2 ± 2.2, 58.4 ± 1.9, 45.1 ± 1.4 and 40.3 ± 4.7 %, respectively. In combination with differences in physiological and biochemical properties, strain DSD51W(T) can be concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Rhodococcus, for which the name Rhodococcus soli sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain DSD51W(T) (=KCTC 29259(T) = JCM 19627(T) = DSM 46662(T) = KACC 17838(T)).
- Published
- 2015
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49. Simultaneous targeting of PI3Kδ and a PI3Kδ-dependent MEK1/2-Erk1/2 pathway for therapy in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
- Author
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Wang X, Zhang X, Li BS, Zhai X, Yang Z, Ding LX, Wang H, Liang C, Zhu W, Ding J, and Meng LH
- Subjects
- Apoptosis drug effects, Benzimidazoles chemistry, Blotting, Western, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Drug Design, Humans, Immunoprecipitation, MAP Kinase Kinase 1 metabolism, MAP Kinase Kinase 2 metabolism, Molecular Structure, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism, Phosphorylation drug effects, Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma metabolism, Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma pathology, Protein Kinase Inhibitors chemistry, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt metabolism, Purines chemistry, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase, Signal Transduction drug effects, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Benzimidazoles pharmacology, MAP Kinase Kinase 1 antagonists & inhibitors, MAP Kinase Kinase 2 antagonists & inhibitors, MAP Kinase Signaling System drug effects, Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors, Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma drug therapy, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases antagonists & inhibitors, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt antagonists & inhibitors, Purines pharmacology
- Abstract
B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common hematological malignancy diagnosed in children, and blockade of the abnormally activated PI3Kδ displayed promising outcomes in B cell acute or chronic leukemias, but the mechanisms are not well understood. Here we report a novel PI3Kδ selective inhibitor X-370, which displays distinct binding mode with p110δ and blocks constitutively active or stimulus-induced PI3Kδ signaling. X-370 significantly inhibited survival of human B cell leukemia cells in vitro, with associated induction of G1 phase arrest and apoptosis. X-370 abrogated both Akt and Erk1/2 signaling via blockade of PDK1 binding to and/or phosphorylation of MEK1/2. Forced expression of a constitutively active MEK1 attenuated the antiproliferative activity of X-370. X-370 preferentially inhibited the survival of primary pediatric B-ALL cells displaying PI3Kδ-dependent Erk1/2 phosphorylation, while combined inhibition of PI3Kδ and MEK1/2 displayed enhanced activity. We conclude that PI3Kδ inhibition led to abrogation of both Akt and Erk1/2 signaling via a novel PI3K-PDK1/MEK1/2-Erk1/2 signaling cascade, which contributed to its efficacy against B-ALL. These findings support the rationale for clinical testing of PI3Kδ inhibitors in pediatric B-ALL and provide insights needed to optimize the therapeutic strategy.
- Published
- 2014
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50. Cu₂O template synthesis of high-performance PtCu alloy yolk-shell cube catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells.
- Author
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Ye SH, He XJ, Ding LX, Pan ZW, Tong YX, Wu M, and Li GR
- Abstract
Novel PtCu alloy yolk-shell cubes were fabricated via the disproportionation and displacement reactions in Cu2O yolk-shell cubes, and they exhibit significantly improved catalytic activity and durability for methanol electrooxidation.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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