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This contribution proposes a fourth paradigm for twenty-first century careers adopting a sustainable development framework. First the evolution of the career development field through three paradigms (individual differences, individual development, life design) of career science and practice is offered. Then sustainable development as a fourth paradigm is introduced considering two pillars, Sustainability Science including contributions from the psychology of sustainability and sustainable development, and Human Security Psychology. Enhancing the well-being of individuals and environments, the fourth paradigm asks for redefining sustainable careers, career intervention, and skills for career counselors. Decent work, decent lives and healthy lives issues are included.

Giftedness is a lifelong journey; gifted adult workers need specific career counselling. The Psychology of Sustainability and Sustainable Development enhances the value of positive psychological resources for gifted and talented workers to sustain them in their careers and life projects. The study implemented a latent profile analysis (LPA) in adult workers (n = 311) to identify profiles according to self-rated job performance and work engagement as proxies for gifted and talented learners. Other crucial resources were also considered. A tree-profile (A, B, C) solution best fits the data. Among these, Profile C (n = 77; 24%) showed high job performance and engagement. It could represent an "eminence" profile. Profile C also showed high levels of emotional intelligence, positive affect, satisfaction with life, meaning in life, flourishing, job satisfaction, meaning at work, flourishing at work, workplace relational civility, acceptance of change, and low levels of negative affect. This profile includes crucial ingredients that could be useful to pay attention to during career construction counselling and innovative career counselling for gifted and talented learners.

The Eco-Generativity Scale (EGS) is a recently developed 28-item scale derived from a 4-factor higher-order model (ecological generativity, social generativity, environmental identity, and agency/pathways). The aim of this study was to develop a short-scale version of the EGS to facilitate its use with university students (N = 779) who will determine the future of our world's ecosystem. Data analyses included removing misfitting items and assessing the psychometric properties of the EGS short form. The Eco-Generativity Scale-Short Form (EGS-SF) showed a good fit for a higher-order model composed of four factors and sixteen items (four items for each factor).

Uno de los puntos centrales de la biomedicina actual reside en analizar la relación entre características clínicas, diferencias poblacionales y heredabilidad. En los enfoques originados en Estados Unidos esa relación se asocia en buena medida a la clasificación en razas humanas, respondiendo a una construcción sociohistórica que es diferente en otras partes del mundo. En esta investigación generamos un conjunto de datos que compila artículos publicados por investigadores argentinos del ámbito biomédico en revistas científicas nacionales e internacionales que utilicen el término “raza” como categoría poblacional y se relevaron las etiquetas utilizadas, su justificación y metodología entre otros aspectos. El análisis de los artículos recopilados muestra que la conceptualización racial está prácticamente ausente en las publicaciones realizadas en revistas locales. Cuando está presente, lo hace en el apartado antecedentes, consignando su empleo en otros países. En cambio, en las publicaciones internacionales registramos numerosos trabajos con muestras argentinas clasificadas bajo categorías raciales. Éstas no fueron coincidentes, explicitadas ni fundamentadas, tampoco se explicaban los criterios de inclusión y frecuentemente no figuraba el origen de las muestras dando una idea de falsa homogeneidad poblacional. Además se ha concebido a estas categorías como excluyentes y las estimaciones acerca de la composición de la muestra tenían valores muy dispares. La presión por adoptar criterios poco usuales en la cotidianeidad y el incentivo a integrar consorcios internacionales con gran poder de financiación deriva en desafíos epistemológicos y, potencialmente, en cuestiones de salud pública que deben ser atendidas.

The context of contemporary work scenarios features constant change and innovation in the field of information and communication technologies, which result in frequent work transitions and job insecurity. Such circumstances are highly threatening to the wellbeing of workers. Moreover, the instability and precariousness of the labour market are aggravated by the current crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals are facing increased critical life and professional challenges and are being asked to take personal responsibility for the direction of their personal and work lives. In this complex context, career counseling needs to be revitalised in strength-based prevention perspectives. Life Project Reflexivity (LPR) addresses future professional and life plans and represents a critical construct for career counseling. The present study among Italian university students in transition to the labour market analysed the relationships between LPR and well-being while controlling for the 'Big Five' personality traits. The Big Five Questionnaire, the Life Project Reflexivity Scale and measures of both hedonic and eudaimonic well-being were administered to 278 university students of the University of Florence. LPR and its dimensions of authenticity, no acquiescence and clarity/projectuality explained the incremental variance beyond personality traits with respect to both hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, with specific reference to meaning in life. Among the three dimensions of LPR, authenticity was the most promising in this study. These results offered new perspectives for career counseling by supporting a strength-based prevention process for constructing sustainable decent work and life.

The aim of the present article is to purpose new career counselling perspectives for vulnerable workers in the time of COVID-19 recession. We summarize perspectives on vulnerable workers following a recently advanced taxonomy on the work precarity framework characterized by three broad categories: precarity of work (i.e. fear and concern associated with the continuity of employment), precarity at work (i.e. psychosocial or physical safety at work, including discrimination, harassment, and unsafe working conditions), and precarity from work (i.e. uncertainty and insecurity due to maintaining employment that does not satisfy the basic needs of workers). These three facets of precariousness are frequently experienced by vulnerable workers, and they are related to poorer mental and physical health. The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically exacerbated this trend for vulnerable workers. Thus, suggestions for mitigating the impact of the current crisis are presented. Our perspective deals with the psychology of sustainability, sustainable development, and the psychology of working theory. In this framework, vocational psychologists could reform and reorganize specific career counselling practices for vulnerable workers, promoting sustainable and decent work and inclusivity. This could be achieved by applying four key points: (1) Enrich career counselling interventions with the processes of self-identity, reflection, and reflexivity on what constitutes actual sustainability for vulnerable workers in terms of professional and personal development; (2) Promote the use of an evidence-based methodology in accordance with the accountability principles for the 21st century; (3) Advocate to enrich available services with positive primary preventive strength-based actions and interventions through timely differentiated career counselling strategies; ( 4) Encourage applied research and practices to find new ways to balance resources with evidence-based efficacy; for example, by using the power of the audience in group-based life design counselling.

La suspensión de la presencialidad escolar durante el período de confinamiento por motivo de la pandemia por COVID 19 alteró la vida cotidiana de las familias uruguayas y generó desafíos para el acompañamiento educativo de las infancias. Este artículo analiza las experiencias de las familias en este período, haciendo énfasis en la organización de los cuidados y las actividades de acompañamiento y sostén del tránsito escolar de niñas y niños, identificando obstáculos y oportunidades. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, que utilizó como técnica inicial, un cuestionario autoadministrado que permitió identificar aspectos de las experiencias de las familias tomados como guía para la realización de grupos de discusión. Aquí se comparten los resultados del cuestionario online respondido por un total de 278 referentes familiares de niños y niñas que cursaron de 1ero a 3er año escolar en instituciones públicas durante los años 2020 y 2021. Como principales conclusiones se destaca que las familias participantes perciben como satisfactorio el acompañamiento realizado. Las dificultades halladas se relacionan principalmente con el tipo de propuesta educativa y modo de comunicación establecido con las maestras, las condiciones materiales del hogar (disponibilidad de dispositivos electrónicos, conectividad, espacio físico, etc.), disponibilidad de tiempo, afectiva y cognitiva para enseñar o motivar al aprendizaje de sus hijos e hijas. Rescatando la oportunidad que significó compartir más tiempo con los niños y niñas, se presenta la preocupación por manifestaciones de malestar físico y psíquico ante la situación de distancia de la cotidianeidad escolar y sus exigencias.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the persistence, treatment adherence and drug cost associated with biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) in the management of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in Italy, with a focus on biosimilar drugs. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study involving eight hospital pharmacies, between January 2017 and December 2020, on naïve patients with at least one b/tsDMARD dispensation indicated for PsA. Patients were followed up for 12 months and persistence and adherence were evaluated by proportion of days covered (PDC). The originator and biosimilar for adalimumab and etanercept were compared. Furthermore, the real annual cost per patient based on adherence to therapy was calculated. Results: Patients initiating b/tsDMARDs for PsA had a mean persistence of 263 days and 48.6% remained persistent for 1 year. Adherent patients (PDC ≥ 0.8) were 47.6% for the overall population. Similar persistence and adherence were observed between patients treated with the adalimumab originator and its biosimilar, while patients treated with the etanercept originator showed lower persistence and adherence compared to those treated with its biosimilar (mean persistence: 222 vs. 267 days, patient persistent at 1 year: 29.4% vs. 51.5%, mean PDC: 0.53 vs. 0.70, adherent patients: 23.5% vs. 51.5%). The average annual drug cost ranged from €8,724 (etanercept) to €14,783 (ustekinumab), with an annual saving of more than €2,500 by using biosimilars. Conclusion: Poor adherence to medications contributes to suboptimal clinical outcomes. The comparison between biosimilar and originator offers further evidence in support of the biosimilar to optimizing resources in healthcare.

This paper explores how students connect meaningfully with theory through the aesthetic experiences of problem solving together in the context of a workshop. It can be challenging for students studying design in university programs to understand how theory is relevant, when applied in practical design studio activities. In the colour workshop presented, students participate in brainstorming exercises to create proposals. Theory is made meaningful through learning activities, including a creative brainstorming session animated by both teachers and industry guests. The experience described was enthusiastically received, with the academia-industry collaboration providing a valuable platform for knowledge exchange both among students and teachers.

Climate change is expected to outpace the rate at which populations of forest trees can migrate. Hence, in forestry there is growing interest in intervention strategies such as assisted migration to mitigate climate change impacts. However, until now the primary focus when evaluating candidates for assisted migration has been mean or maximum performance. We explore phenotypic plasticity as a potentially new avenue to help maintain the viability of species and populations in the face of climate change. Capitalizing on large, multi-site international provenance trials of four economically and ecologically important forest tree species (Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Picea engelmannii, Pinus contorta), we quantify growth stability as the width of the response function relating provenance growth performance and trial site climate. We found significant differences in growth stability among species, with P. engelmannii being considerably more stable than the other three species. Additionally, we found no relationship between growth performance and growth stability of provenances, indicating that there are fast-growing provenances with a broad climate optimum. In two of the four species, provenances’ growth stability showed a significant relationship with the climate of the seed source, the direction of which depends on the species. When taken together with data on growth performance in different climate conditions, a measure of growth stability can improve the choice of species and provenances to minimize future risks in forest restoration and reforestation.

Rooted in the decent education as a precursor to decent work, this study investigated via network analysis the relationship between the work as meaning inventory for university students (WAMI-U) (positive meaning, meaning-making through study, greater good motivations) and the humor styles questionnaire (HSQ) (health-promoting styles: affiliative humor, self-enhancing humor; health-endangering styles: aggressive humor, self-defeating humor) in 371 Italian university students. Central nodes and bridge nodes between WAMI-U and HSQ were calculated. Positive meaning, meaning-making through study (WAMI-U), and self-enhancing humor (HSQ) had high centrality. Affiliative humor, self-enhancing humor (HSQ), and positive meaning (WAMI-U) had bridge function. The high centrality and bridge function of self-enhancing with all dimensions of WAMI-U, followed by the bridge function of affiliative humor in relation to meaning-making through study (WAMI-U) confirmed them as health-promoting styles. Negative associations between maladaptive humor styles and positive meaning (WAMI-U) confirmed their standard as health-endangering styles. Implications for research and prevention are discussed.

To cope with the challenges of 21st-century careers, the research on psychology of sustainability and sustainable development complements the psychology of work perspective with an emphasis on factors that foster the workers' well-being, decent work, and decent lives in healthy organizations. In this framework, individual eudaimonic well-being (EWB) is among the most relevant factors that may enhance decent and sustainable life projects and careers. Human capital sustainability leadership (HCSL) constitutes a resource for positive relatedness in organizations being linked to EWB. Innovative behaviors (IBs) are crucial for the sustainable development of organizations. This study investigated the relationships between IBs and EWB, testing the mediating role of HCSL in 353 Italian workers, controlling for participants' age and gender. HCSL fully mediated these relationships and emerged as a promising resource in linking IBs and EWB, supporting workers to achieve sustainable careers, decent work, and decent and healthy lives.

Purpose: The results of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are still under-investigated. The purpose of this research is to investigate the differences between TKA after ACL reconstruction and TKA for primary osteoarthritis through a review and meta-analysis of the literature. Methods: Case–control and cohort studies reporting outcomes of TKA following ACL reconstruction were considered eligible for inclusion. The primary endpoint was to systematically review and meta-analyze the reported complications of TKA following ACL reconstruction. The outcomes have been compared with a group of patients who underwent TKA for primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) with any previous ACL surgery. Secondary endpoints were to assess and compare technical difficulties and results including the operative time, the use of revision components, the request for intraoperative release or additional procedures, the revision rate, and the clinical outcomes. Results: Seven studies were included involving 1645 participants, 619 of whom underwent TKA in previous ACL reconstruction and 1026 TKA for primary OA with no previous ACL reconstruction. Meta-analysis showed that TKA in previous ACL reconstruction had a significantly higher complication rate (OR = 2.15, P < 0.001), longer operative times (mean differences (MD): 11.19 min; P < 0.001) and increased use of revision components (OR = 2.16; P < 0.001) when compared to the control group without differences of infection, and revision rate. Conclusions: TKA in a previous ACL reconstruction has a significantly higher complication rate, longer operative times, and a higher need for revision components and intraoperative soft tissue releases in comparison to TKA for primary OA without previous ACL reconstruction.

In recent years, the environmental impact of pharmaceutical residues has emerged as a pressing global concern, catalyzed by their widespread usage and persistence in aquatic ecosystems. Among these pharmaceuticals, acyclovir (ACV) stands out due to its extensive prescription during medical treatments for herpes simplex virus, chickenpox, and shingles, as well as its heightened usage amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. ACV is excreted largely unchanged by the human body, leading to significant environmental release through wastewater effluents. The urgency of addressing ACV’s environmental impact lies in its potential to persist in water bodies and affect aquatic life. This persistence underscores the critical need for effective degradation strategies that can mitigate its presence in aquatic systems. This study focuses on employing sodium hypochlorite as an oxidative agent for the degradation of ACV, leveraging its common use in wastewater treatment plants. Our research aims to explore the kinetics of ACV degradation, identify and characterize its degradation byproducts, and optimize the conditions under which complete degradation can be achieved. By assessing the efficiency of sodium hypochlorite in real wastewater samples, this study seeks to provide practical insights into mitigating ACV contamination in aquatic environments. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive approach to understanding the degradation pathways of ACV and evaluating the feasibility of using sodium hypochlorite as a sustainable solution in wastewater treatment. By addressing the environmental concerns associated with ACV and offering practical solutions, this study contributes to the broader goal of sustainable pharmaceutical waste management and environmental stewardship.

Abstract Chikungunya is an arboviral disease caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) afflicting tropical and sub-tropical countries worldwide. It has been identified as a priority pathogen by the Coalition for Epidemics Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) and as an emerging infectious disease (EID) necessitating further action as soon as possible by the World Health Organization (WHO). Recent studies suggest that disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to CHIKV infection are as high as 106,089 DALYs lost globally. Significant progress has been made in the development of several vaccines, aimed at preventing CHIKV infections. This perspective article summarizes CEPI’s efforts and strategic considerations for developing a CHIKV vaccine and ensuring equitable access for CHIKV endemic countries.

Climate change has emerged as a tough challenge affecting the world’s society and economy in the twenty-first century. Furthermore, it has been determined that global warming and climate change have detrimental effects on human health both physical and psychological. In this framework, eco-anxiety has emerged as a new construct to assess the distress in relation to climate change and its effects. In the current article, after a study of the literature regarding both eco-anxiety and generativity related to environmental issues, in the search for a healthy response to eco-anxiety, we propose the construct of eco-generativity as a sustainable development-related concept for the health of planet earth and people in the present and in the future. Accordingly, we explore the definitions of generativity in relation to the ecological environment, examining the development of the concept in accordance with the most recent research. Subsequently, according to the lens of psychology of sustainability and sustainable development, we propose key elements of eco-generativity in terms of construct and measures. Finally, a research agenda for future research and intervention on eco-generativity is provided.

Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist frequently detected in wastewater effluents, poses considerable risks to both aquatic ecosystems and human health. Seeking to address this challenge, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) emerge as robust methodologies for the efficient elimination of such contaminants. In this study, the degradation of Losartan was investigated in the presence of activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS), leveraging ferrous iron as a catalyst to enhance the oxidation process. Utilizing advanced analytical techniques such as NMR and mass spectrometry, nine distinct byproducts were characterized. Notably, seven of these byproducts were identified for the first time, providing novel insights into the degradation pathway of Losartan. The study delved into the kinetics of the degradation process, assessing the degradation efficiency attained when employing the catalyst alone versus when using it in combination with PMS. The results revealed that Losartan degradation reached a significant level of 64%, underscoring the efficacy of PMS/Fe(II) AOP techniques as promising strategies for the removal of Losartan from water systems. This research not only enriches our understanding of pollutant degradation mechanisms, but also paves the way for the development of sustainable water treatment technologies, specifically targeting the removal of pharmaceutical contaminants from aquatic environments.

Objetivos. Explorar la alineación del contenido de los artículos publicados por la Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública durante sus 100 años de existencia, con los temas sanitarios claves de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS). Métodos. Se llevó a cabo un análisis bibliométrico con visualización de sus resultados. Se recuperó la información sobre los artículos publicados en la Revista a partir del Repositorio Institucional para Intercambio de Información (IRIS) de la OPS para los primeros 75 años y de Scopus para los últimos 25 años hasta febrero del 2022; para establecer los temas claves de la OPS se usaron referencias a documentos de los Cuerpos Directivos y declaraciones de los directores. Resultados. Se obtuvieron inicialmente 12 573 publicaciones y se consideraron para el análisis 9 289 para el período 1922 a 1996 y 3 208 para el período 1997 a 2022. Para el análisis bibliométrico de la información de Scopus se tuvieron en cuenta indicadores como los autores y su procedencia, el idioma de las publicaciones, y el número y la procedencia de las citas. Para las visualizaciones, se dividieron las publicaciones en cinco períodos a fin de que estos coincidieran con los períodos establecidos para el análisis de los temas prioritarios de la OPS. Se realizaron mapas de coocurrencia de palabras claves para observar la evolución de los temas de las publicaciones y relacionarlos con los enfoques de la salud pública en cada período. Conclusión. Las temáticas publicadas en la Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública y sus boletines precursores reflejan la historia de la salud pública regional y su evolución a lo largo del tiempo, así como los temas sanitarios claves de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud.

Public attitudes about genetics appear to depend on the local context. We analyzed survey responses obtained in 2015 from 293 residents of Luján, a city in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, who self-assessed their knowledge about genetics and their trust in genetic tests. The survey integrated a larger research project for which consenting adult participants shared demographic and genealogical information and provided saliva samples for genetic ancestry analyses. Participants reported little knowledge but high trust in genetic testing when questioned about knowledge and trust. Well-known media stories of DNA-based forensic genetic investigations to identify the victims of state repression during the military dictatorship may have contributed to the high self-assessment of their genetic knowledge expressed by some participants, regardless of educational attainment. Our analysis provides information that could be used as a baseline to begin unraveling the current level of public trust in genetics in a region of the Global South where genetic testing has become widespread, but people’s knowledge of and trust in genetics remain poorly studied.