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1. Modeling present and future climate risk of dengue outbreak, a case study in New Caledonia

Author

Noé Ochida, Morgan Mangeas, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Cyril Dutheil, Carole Forfait, Alexandre Peltier, Elodie Descloux, Christophe Menkes, Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Ifremer - Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Direction des Affaires sanitaires et sociales de la Nouvelle-Calédonie [Nouméa] (DASS [Nouméa]), Météo-France Direction Interrégionale de la Nouvelle Calédonie (DIRNC), Météo-France, Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Dumbea] (CHT), Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], This study has received funding from the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (grant n°ANR-19-CE35-0001) and from the French government’s The Pacific Fund., and ANR-19-CE35-0001,DenWolution,Dengue et Wolbachia: impacts sur l'évolution génétique virale et le profil épidémiologique(2019)

Subjects
[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, MESH: Dengue, effective reproduction number, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, New Caledonia, Humans, MESH: Weather, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Weather, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Humans, Research, MESH: Climate Change, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, prediction, MESH: New Caledonia, dengue, Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene, RC963-969, climate change, 13. Climate action, disease outbreaks, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background Dengue dynamics result from the complex interactions between the virus, the host and the vector, all being under the influence of the environment. Several studies explored the link between weather and dengue dynamics and some investigated the impact of climate change on these dynamics. Most attempted to predict incidence rate at a country scale or assess the environmental suitability at a global or regional scale. Here, we propose a new approach which consists in modeling the risk of dengue outbreak at a local scale according to climate conditions and study the evolution of this risk taking climate change into account. We apply this approach in New Caledonia, where high quality data are available. Methods We used a statistical estimation of the effective reproduction number (Rt) based on case counts to create a categorical target variable : epidemic week/non-epidemic week. A machine learning classifier has been trained using relevant climate indicators in order to estimate the probability for a week to be epidemic under current climate data and this probability was then estimated under climate change scenarios. Results Weekly probability of dengue outbreak was best predicted with the number of days when maximal temperature exceeded 30.8°C and the mean of daily precipitation over 80 and 60 days prior to the predicted week respectively. According to scenario RCP8.5, climate will allow dengue outbreak every year in New Caledonia if the epidemiological and entomological contexts remain the same. Conclusion We identified locally relevant climatic factor driving dengue outbreaks in New Caledonia and assessed the inter-annual and seasonal risk of dengue outbreak under different climate change scenarios up to the year 2100. We introduced a new modeling approach to estimate the risk of dengue outbreak depending on climate conditions. This approach is easily reproducible in other countries provided that reliable epidemiological and climate data are available.

Published
2022
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2. Viral evolution sustains a dengue outbreak of enhanced severity

Author

Anavaj Sakuntabhai, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Etienne Simon-Loriere, Marie-Amélie Goujart, Sylvie Laumond, Antoine Biron, Ingrid Marois, Arnaud Tarantola, Ann-Claire Gourinat, Elodie Descloux, Catherine Inizan, Marine Minier, Carole Forfait, Matthieu Prot, Olivia O’Connor, Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Génomique évolutive des virus à ARN - Evolutionary genomics of RNA viruses, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Direction des affaires sanitaires et sociales de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Dumbea] (CHT), Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], Génétique fonctionnelle des maladies infectieuses - Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Génomique évolutive, modélisation et santé (CNRS-UMR2000), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Epidemiology - Epidémiologie [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie], The current work was supported by an internal seed-funding from the Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia as well as the Arbo-VIRTUESS project funded by the Actions Concertées Interpasteuriennes (project number ACIP 2014-053). ESL acknowledges funding from the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (INCEPTION program, Investissements d'Avenir grant ANR-16-CONV-0005). This study has received funding from the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Investissement d'Avenir program for the Laboratoire d'Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases' (grant n°ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID)., We warmly thank the Clinical Research Department of the Centre for Translational Research at Institut Pasteur in Paris for their support in ethic procedures. We thank Fabiana Gámbaro and Deborah Delaune for their contribution to whole-genome sequencing. We thank Ludivine Grzelak for her support in the implementation of in vitro replication kinetics., ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Génomique évolutive, modélisation et santé (GEMS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Epidemiology, viruses, Virus Replication, Severity of Illness Index, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, Disease Outbreaks, Dengue fever, Dengue, Drug Discovery, hepatitis, Phylogeny, Severe dengue, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology, whole-genome sequencing, Viral evolution, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral, Research Article, Genotype, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, viral fitness, Genome, Viral, Biology, Microbiology, Cell Line, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, New Caledonia, Virology, medicine, Animals, Humans, Hepatitis, Whole Genome Sequencing, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Genetic Variation, Outbreak, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Dengue Virus, medicine.disease, Dengue outbreak, 030104 developmental biology, Amino Acid Substitution, Mutation, Viral fitness, Parasitology
Abstract

Compared to the previous 2013–2014 outbreak, dengue 2016–2017 outbreak in New Caledonia was characterized by an increased number of severe forms associated with hepatic presentations. In this study, we assessed the virological factors associated with this enhanced severity. Whole-genome sequences were retrieved from dengue virus (DENV)-1 strains collected in 2013–2014 and from severe and non-severe patients in 2016–2017. Fitness, hepatic tropism and cytopathogenicity of DENV 2016–2017 strains were compared to those of 2013–2014 strains using replication kinetics in the human hepatic cell line HuH7. Whole-genome sequencing identified four amino acid substitutions specific to 2016–2017 strains and absent from 2013–2014 strains. Three of these mutations occurred in predicted T cell epitopes, among which one was also a B cell epitope. Strains retrieved from severe forms did not exhibit specific genetic features. DENV strains from 2016–2017 exhibited a trend towards reduced replicative fitness and cytopathogenicity in vitro compared to strains from 2013–2014. Overall, the 2016–2017 dengue outbreak in New Caledonia was associated with a viral genetic evolution which had limited impact on DENV hepatic tropism and cytopathogenicity. These mutations, however, may have modified DENV strains antigenicity, altering the anti-DENV immune response in some patients, in turn favoring the development of severe forms. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04615364.

Published
2021
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3. Wolbachia detection in Aedes aegypti using MALDI-TOF MS coupled to artificial intelligence

Author

Valentine Ballan, Antsa Rakotonirina, Nicolas Pocquet, Cédric Caruzzo, Julien Colot, Nazha Selmaoui-Folcher, Vincent Richard, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Marie Marin, Malia Kainiu, Entomologie médicale [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie] (URE-EM), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut de sciences exactes et appliquées (ISEA), Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), Groupe Bactériologie Expérimentale [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie], Direction Internationale de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), The project leading to this publication received funding from the French Fund for Economic, Social, Cultural and Scientific cooperation in the Pacific ('Pacific Fund') and the Institut Pasteur of New Caledonia. AR obtained a scholarship from the Institut Pasteur International Network (Bourse Calmette & Yersin)., and Institut Pasteur [Paris]

Subjects
Mosquito Control, Desorption ionization, Bioinformatics, Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030231 tropical medicine, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification, Mosquito Vectors, Aedes aegypti, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Article, Dengue fever, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Aedes, Artificial Intelligence, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Chikungunya, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Mass spectrometry, Biological techniques, fungi, virus diseases, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Vector (epidemiology), Medicine, Wolbachia, Genetic techniques
Abstract

The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the major vector of arboviruses like dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses. Attempts to reduce arboviruses emergence focusing on Ae. aegypti control has proven challenging due to the increase of insecticide resistances. An emerging strategy which consists of releasing Ae. aegypti artificially infected with Wolbachia in natural mosquito populations is currently being developed. The monitoring of Wolbachia-positive Ae. aegypti in the field is performed in order to ensure the program effectiveness. Here, the reliability of the Matrix‑Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization‑Time Of Flight (MALDI‑TOF) coupled with the machine learning methods like Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to detect Wolbachia in field Ae. aegypti was assessed for the first time. For this purpose, laboratory reared and field Ae. aegypti were analyzed. The results showed that the CNN recognized Ae. aegypti spectral patterns associated with Wolbachia-infection. The MALDI-TOF coupled with the CNN (sensitivity = 93%, specificity = 99%, accuracy = 97%) was more efficient than the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and as efficient as qPCR for Wolbachia detection. It therefore represents an interesting method to evaluate the prevalence of Wolbachia in field Ae. aegypti mosquitoes.

Published
2021
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4. HIV-1 hijacks the cell extracellular matrix to spread collectively and efficiently between T lymphocytes

Author

Frédéric Tangy, Faroudy Boufassa, Alexandre Dufour, Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin, M. Mesel-Lemoine, Gianfranco Pancino, Adeline Mallet, Asier Sáez-Cirión, M.-I. Thoulouze, A. Desrames, Annie David, Olivier Lambotte, Félix A. Rey, M. Caillet, P. Bomme, Hugo Mouquet, C. Inizan, K. Bourdic, Thibault Lagache, Virologie Structurale - Structural Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Sorbonne Université (SU), Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge (BIGR (UMR_S_1134 / U1134)), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine [Paris] (INTS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Université des Antilles (UA)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), HIV, Inflammation et persistance - HIV, Inflammation and Persistence, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Microscopie ultrastructurale - Ultrapole (CITECH), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Immunologie des Maladies Virales et Autoimmunes (IMVA - U1184), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Génomique virale et vaccination, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Régulation des Infections Rétrovirales, Réponse humorale aux pathogènes, Analyse d'images biologiques - Biological Image Analysis (BIA), Columbia University [New York], This work was funded by grants from l’AgenceNationale de Recherche sur le SIDA et les hépatites (ANRS), l’Institut Pasteur (PTR-445), as well asby institutional grants from Institut Pasteur and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS). CI was supported by an Allocation de Recherche du Ministère de l'Education Nationale, de laRecherche et de la Technologie and by a bourse from the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale. MCwas supported by a fellowship from AXA Research fund, AD by a fellowship from l’Institut Pasteur(PTR-445), and TL by a Roux Fellowship (Institut Pasteur). We gratefully acknowledge the financialsupport of the FranceBioImaging infrastructure network supported by the French National ResearchAgency (ANR-10–INSB–04, Investments for the future and ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID) and theRégion Ile-de-France (program DIM-Malinf). The support of E. Mottez (Center for HumanImmunology, Institut Pasteur) and A.M. Rey-Cuillé (ANRS) is thankfully acknowledged., ANR-10-INBS-0004,France-BioImaging,Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée(2010), and ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010)

Subjects
Infectivity, biology, Cell-Extracellular Matrix, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cell, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Cell biology, Extracellular matrix, medicine.anatomical_structure, In vivo, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, medicine, biology.protein, Viral spread, Antibody
Abstract

Collective transmission via structures containing several virions has recently emerged as a highly efficient mode of viral spread. Here, we demonstrate that HIV-1 spreads between T lymphocytes in the form of viral particles colonies that are concentrated and sheltered in an extracellular matrix (ECM) lattice enabling their collective transmission upon cell contacts. Intrinsically, ECM-clustered viruses infect T lymphocytes more efficiently than individual viral particles. They preserve HIV-1 transmission from antiretroviral treatment (ArT) and potent broadly neutralizing antibodies. We also show that collagen induced by HIV-1 infection controls the clustering of virions and their collective spread, thereby enhancing infectivity. CD4+ T cells from HIV-1-infected patients produce and transmit ECM-virus clusters, supporting that they could be involved in vivo. This study provides new insights into modes of HIV-1 transmission and identifies a novel fundamental role for collagen in this process. HIV-1 spread via ECM-virus clusters may have important implications for viral dissemination and persistence, including during therapy.

Published
2021

5. Assessment of fitness and vector competence of a New Caledonia wMel Aedes aegypti strain before field-release

Author

Kevin Lucien, Sylvie Laumond, Marine Minier, Cameron P. Simmons, Nadège Rossi, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Olivia O’Connor, Nicolas Pocquet, Tristan Derycke, Frédéric Touzain, Sylvie Russet, Elodie Chalus, Heather A. Flores, David J. Hooker, Florie Cheilan, Catherine Inizan, Jordan Tutagata, Morgane Pol, Johanna M. Duyvestyn, Daniela da Silva Gonçalves, Etiene C. Pacidônio, Dominique Girault, Entomologie médicale [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie] (URE-EM), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Monash University [Melbourne], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], Mairie de Nouméa [Nouvelle-Calédonie], Direction des Affaires sanitaires et sociales de la Nouvelle-Calédonie [Nouméa] (DASS [Nouméa]), Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU), University of Oxford [Oxford], This work was supported by the Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, the New Caledonia government, the Nouméa City Council , the University of Monash, and the Fonds de coopération économique, sociale et culturelle pour le Pacifique (grant number UO 209DRP0457)., and We are grateful to the Direction des Affaires Sanitaires et Sociales de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, the Mairie de Nouméa, the Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, and the University of Monash for their contribution to the implementation of this project in Noumea, New Caledonia. We would like to thank all the staff from Centre de Don du Sang et Service de Transfusion Sanguine from Centre Hospitalier Territorial Gaston Bourret, Nouvelle-Calédonie, for their involvement and support. We warmly thank the Clinical Research Department of the Centre for Translational Research at Institut Pasteur in Paris for their support in ethic procedures. DENV isolates were obtained from the World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses. Roy Hall kindly provided the 4G2 antibody used in TCID50 experiments. We would like to thank Jaana Wenham and Mason Mason for technical assistance. We would like to thank Sosiasi Kilama and Sophie Hagen for technical support. We deeply thank Marc Jouan, Vincent Richard, and Jean-Paul Grangeon for their unshakeable support in the implementation of the project in Noumea, New Caledonia.

Subjects
RNA viruses, Insecticides, Mosquito Control, Physiology, Eggs, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], RC955-962, Dengue virus, Disease Vectors, medicine.disease_cause, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mosquitoes, Dengue fever, 0302 clinical medicine, Medical Conditions, Animal Wings, Reproductive Physiology, Aedes, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Chikungunya, Animal Anatomy, 0303 health sciences, Chikungunya Virus, biology, Eukaryota, virus diseases, Agriculture, Fecundity, Bird Eggs, 3. Good health, Insects, Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, Wolbachia, Pathogens, Anatomy, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Agrochemicals, Cytoplasmic incompatibility, Research Article, Arthropoda, Alphaviruses, 030231 tropical medicine, Aedes aegypti, Mosquito Vectors, Aedes Aegypti, Microbiology, Togaviruses, 03 medical and health sciences, New Caledonia, medicine, Animals, Pest Control, Biological, Microbial Pathogens, 030304 developmental biology, Bacteria, Flaviviruses, fungi, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Zika Virus, Dengue Virus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Invertebrates, Insect Vectors, Species Interactions, Vector (epidemiology), Zoology, Entomology
Abstract

Background Biological control programs involving Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti are currently deployed in different epidemiological settings. New Caledonia (NC) is an ideal location for the implementation and evaluation of such a strategy as the only proven vector for dengue virus (DENV) is Ae. aegypti and dengue outbreaks frequency and severity are increasing. We report the generation of a NC Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti strain and the results of experiments to assess the vector competence and fitness of this strain for future implementation as a disease control strategy in Noumea, NC. Methods/principal findings The NC Wolbachia strain (NC-wMel) was obtained by backcrossing Australian AUS-wMel females with New Caledonian Wild-Type (NC-WT) males. Blocking of DENV, chikungunya (CHIKV), and Zika (ZIKV) viruses were evaluated via mosquito oral feeding experiments and intrathoracic DENV challenge. Significant reduction in infection rates were observed for NC-wMel Ae. aegypti compared to WT Ae. aegypti. No transmission was observed for NC-wMel Ae. aegypti. Maternal transmission, cytoplasmic incompatibility, fertility, fecundity, wing length, and insecticide resistance were also assessed in laboratory experiments. Ae. aegypti NC-wMel showed complete cytoplasmic incompatibility and a strong maternal transmission. Ae. aegypti NC-wMel fitness seemed to be reduced compared to NC-WT Ae. aegypti and AUS-wMel Ae. aegypti regarding fertility and fecundity. However further experiments are required to assess it accurately. Conclusions/significance Our results demonstrated that the NC-wMel Ae. aegypti strain is a strong inhibitor of DENV, CHIKV, and ZIKV infection and prevents transmission of infectious viral particles in mosquito saliva. Furthermore, our NC-wMel Ae. aegypti strain induces reproductive cytoplasmic incompatibility with minimal apparent fitness costs and high maternal transmission, supporting field-releases in Noumea, NC., Author summary Dengue represents a risk for almost half of the world’s population, especially throughout the tropics. In New Caledonia, dengue outbreaks have become more frequent in the past decade along with the recent circulation of chikungunya and Zika viruses. The opportunity to use the biocontrol method involving the release of Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes has been investigated as an alternative solution to the traditional control methods, like elimination of larval habitats and pyrethroid insecticide application to kill adults, which are becoming insufficient. A local strain of Ae. aegypti carrying Wolbachia (NC-wMel) has been generated and tested to evaluate its pathogen blocking capacity for the four dengue virus serotypes as well as chikungunya and Zika viruses. The fitness of NC-wMel strain has also been assessed to estimate its ability to compete with the wild-type strain in the field. Noumea city, where a third of the population of New Caledonia resides, has been chosen as the first site to implement the method in New Caledonia. As Ae. aegypti is the only proven vector in New Caledonia, we expect a significant impact on dengue outbreaks occurring in Noumea as soon as a high frequency of NC-wMel is established in the population.

Published
2021
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6. Potential role of vector-mediated natural selection in dengue virus genotype/lineage replacements in two epidemiologically contrasted settings

Author

Sebastian Lequime, Saraden In, Thavry Hoem, Louis Lambrechts, Nicolas Pocquet, Veasna Duong, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Marine Minier, Valérie Burtet-Sarramegna, Tey Putita Ou, Fabien Aubry, Sébastien Boyer, Olivia O’Connor, Sylvie Russet, Philippe Dussart, Stéphanie Dabo, Dominique Girault, Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Unité de Virologie / Virology Unit [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Interactions Virus-Insectes - Insect-Virus Interactions (IVI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Entomologie médicale [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie] (URE-EM), Medical and Veterinary Entomology - Entomologie médciale et vétérinaire [Phnom Penh, Cambodia], Institut de sciences exactes et appliquées (ISEA), Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), This work was funded by the incentive grant, Inter-Pasteurian Concerted Actions (ACIP-06-2016). LL and FA were supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under ZikaPLAN grant agreement no. 734584 and the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID)., We gratefully thank the Clinical Research Department of the Center for Translational Research in Paris for its support in ethics procedures. We thank Laurent Wantiez and Katie Anders for their helpful discussion on statistical approaches. We also thank Louis Cognet for his contribution to samples handling., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 734584,ZikaPLAN, and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Lineage (genetic), Genotype, Epidemiology, viruses, 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Mosquito Vectors, Aedes aegypti, Dengue virus, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, competition assay, Disease Outbreaks, Dengue, 03 medical and health sciences, New Caledonia, Aedes, Immunity, genotype/lineage replacement, Virology, Drug Discovery, medicine, Animals, Humans, Selection, Genetic, Saliva, Evolutionary dynamics, Phylogeny, Genetics, Natural selection, virus diseases, General Medicine, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, transmission fitness, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Vector (epidemiology), [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Parasitology, Genetic Fitness, sense organs, Cambodia, Research Article
Abstract

International audience; Dengue virus (DENV) evolutionary dynamics are characterized by frequent DENV genotype/lineage replacements, potentially associated with changes in disease severity and human immunity. New Caledonia (NC) and Cambodia, two contrasted epidemiological settings, respectively experienced a DENV-1 genotype IV to I replacement in 2012 and a DENV-1 genotype I lineage 3 to 4 replacement in 2005-2007, both followed by a massive dengue outbreak. However, their underlying evolutionary drivers have not been elucidated. Here, we tested the hypothesis that these genotype/lineage switches reflected a higher transmission fitness of the replacing DENV genotype/lineage in the mosquito vector using in vivo competition experiments. For this purpose, field-derived Aedes aegypti from NC and Cambodia were orally challenged with epidemiologically relevant pairs of four DENV-1 genotype I and IV strains from NC or four DENV-1 genotype I lineage 3 and 4 strains from Cambodia, respectively. The relative transmission fitness of each DENV-1 genotype/lineage was measured by quantitative RT-PCR for infection, dissemination, and transmission rates. Results showed a clear transmission fitness advantage of the replacing DENV-1 genotype I from NC within the vector. A similar but more subtle pattern was observed for the DENV-1 lineage 4 replacement in Cambodia. Our results support the hypothesis that vector-driven selection contributed to the DENV-1 genotype/lineage replacements in these two contrasted epidemiological settings, and reinforce the idea that natural selection taking place within the mosquito vector plays an important role in DENV short-term evolutionary dynamics.

Published
2021
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7. Non-Invasive versus Invasive Samples for Zika Virus Surveillance: A Comparative Study in New Caledonia and French Guiana in 2015-2016

Author

Sylvia Broeders, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Morgane Pol, Nancy H. C. Roosens, Ann-Claire Gourinat, Marie-Alice Fraiture, Dominique Rousset, Els Vandermassen, Wim Coucke, Antoine Biron, Sciensano [Bruxelles], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, This study was financed by 'International Network Institut Pasteur' thought the project 'Evaluation of the use of non-invasive tests for early screening and survey of arboviruses (Arbo-VIRTUESS)' (ACIP-2014-053)., and The authors would like to thank Centre de Recherche Translationnelle (Institut Pasteur) for their help in the ethical procedures. The authors would like also to thank Julie Peter for her participation.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), QH301-705.5, Arbovirus Infections, public health concern, 030106 microbiology, diagnostic, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Arbovirus, Article, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Virology, medicine, TaqMan, Chikungunya, Biology (General), biology, business.industry, RT-qPCR, Non invasive, Outbreak, Serum samples, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, business, serum, urine and saliva samples
Abstract

International audience; Zika virus, an arbovirus responsible for major outbreaks, can cause serious health issues, such as neurological diseases. In the present study, different types of samples (serum, saliva, and urine), collected in 2015–2016 in New Caledonia and French Guiana from 53 patients presenting symptoms and clinical signs triggered by arbovirus infections, were analyzed using a recently developed, and in-house validated, 4-plex RT-qPCR TaqMan method for simultaneous detection and discrimination of the Zika and Chikungunya viruses. Subsequently, statistical analyses were performed in order to potentially establish recommendations regarding the choice of samples type to use for an efficient and early stage Zika infection diagnosis. On this basis, the use of only urine samples presented the highest probability to detect viral RNA from Zika virus. Moreover, such a probability was improved using both urine and saliva samples. Consequently, the added value of non-invasive samples, associated with a higher acceptance level for collection among patients, instead of serum samples, for the detection of Zika infections was illustrated.

Published
2021
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8. Replication Variance of African and Asian Lineage Zika Virus Strains in Different Cell Lines, Mosquitoes and Mice

Author

Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Veasna Duong, Sébastien Boyer, Borin Peng, Philippe Dussart, Rithy Choeung, Tey Putita Ou, Heidi Auerswald, Senglong Pang, Saraden In, Unité de Virologie / Virology Unit [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Medical and Veterinary Entomology - Entomologie médciale et vétérinaire [Phnom Penh, Cambodia], Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, and This work was supported by Institut Pasteur in Paris in the frame of the Actions Concertées Inter Pasteuriennes (ZikAe project, ACIP A-15-2014) and by the Institut Pasteur du Cambodge.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), African lineage, Lineage (genetic), QH301-705.5, 030106 microbiology, Population, Aedes aegypti, Asian lineage, Microbiology, Article, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, Biology (General), education, neonatal mouse infection, education.field_of_study, vector competence, biology, Transmission (medicine), fungi, Blood meal, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Cell culture, Vector (epidemiology), [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology
Abstract

Since the epidemic in 2007, studies on vector competence for Zika virus (ZIKV) have intensified, showing that the transmission efficiency varies depending on the vector population, ZIKV strain, and dose of the infectious blood meal. In this study, we aimed to investigate the replication of African and Asian ZIKV strains in vitro and in vivo in order to reveal their phenotypic differences. In addition, we investigated the vector competence of Cambodian Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) mosquitoes (urban and rural) for these ZIKV strains. We observed a significantly higher pathogenicity of the African ZIKV strain in vitro (in mosquito and mammalian cells), and in vivo in both Ae. aegypti and mice. Both mosquito populations were competent to transmit ZIKV as early as 7 days p.i., depending on the population and the ZIKV strain. Ae. aegypti from rural habitats showed significant higher transmission and survival rates than those from urban. We observed the highest transmission efficiency for the African ZIKV isolate (93.3% 14 days p.i.) and for the Cambodian ZIKV isolate (80% 14 days p.i.). Overall, our results highlight the phenotypic differences of the ZIKV lineages and the potential risk of ZIKV transmission by Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Further investigations of Cambodian mosquito species and ZIKV specific surveillance in humans is necessary in order to improve the local risk assessment.

Published
2021
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9. Molecular Characterization of Dengue Type 2 Outbreak in Pacific Islands Countries and Territories, 2017–2020

Author

Onofre Edwin A Merilles, George Worwor, Marine Minier, Daniel Faktaufon, Etienne Simon-Loriere, George Junior Pakoa, Ann-Claire Gourinat, Philippe Guyant, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Olivia O’Connor, Talica Cabemaiwai, Jean-Paul Grangeon, Christelle Lepers, Valentine Ballan, Dominique Girault, Matthieu Prot, Jean-Claude Grignon, Aalisha Sahukhan, Catherine Inizan, Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Ministry of health [Vanuatu], Fiji Centre for Communicable Disease Control [Suva, Fidji], Hôpital de Sia [Wallis], Génomique évolutive des virus à ARN - Evolutionary genomics of RNA viruses, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Direction des affaires sanitaires et sociales de Nouvelle-Calédonie, WHO Country Liaison Office [Port Vila, Vanuatu], Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Pacific community (SPC), Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], This research was funded by an internal seed-funding from the Institut Pasteur of New Caledonia and by Agence Nationale de la Recherche under DENWOLution Grant Agreement no. ANR-19-CE35-0001-01. E.S.-L. acknowledges funding from the INCEPTION program (Investissements d’Avenir grant ANR-16-CONV-0005). Shipment of samples collected in Vanuatu and analysis conducted at Institut Pasteur of New Caledonia were supported by WHO funding for national public health surveillance with support from Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), Australia. Shipment and testing of samples collected in Fiji were funded by SPC with support from DFAT., We acknowledge the Vila Central Hospital (VCH) laboratory technicians Sero Kalkie and Leiwia Dick for their contribution to samples collection, processing and shipment in Vanuatu. We thank Senior Public Health Surveillance Officer Vanua Sikon who contributed to the coordination of samples collection between health facilities and the VCH laboratory. We acknowledge the Pacific Public Health Surveillance Network for the implementation of the pipeline for laboratory specimen shipment and testing. We thank Louis Cognet for his contribution to samples handling and preparation for sequencing. We warmly thank Yvon Cavaloc and the sequencing platform at the University in New Caledonia., ANR-16-CONV-0005,INCEPTION,Institut Convergences pour l'étude de l'Emergence des Pathologies au Travers des Individus et des populatiONs(2016), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Genotype, viruses, 030106 microbiology, lcsh:QR1-502, Zoology, Context (language use), Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, phylogeny, Pacific Islands, Serogroup, lcsh:Microbiology, Dengue fever, Disease Outbreaks, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Type (biology), Viral Envelope Proteins, Phylogenetics, Virology, medicine, Humans, Phylogenetic tree, Base Sequence, molecular evolution, Communication, Outbreak, virus diseases, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Dengue Virus, Serum samples, medicine.disease, dengue, Pacific, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Geography, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral
Abstract

International audience; Dengue virus (DENV) serotype-2 was detected in the South Pacific region in 2014 for the first time in 15 years. In 2016-2020, DENV-2 re-emerged in French Polynesia, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, and New Caledonia, co-circulating with and later replacing DENV-1. In this context, epidemiological and molecular evolution data are paramount to decipher the diffusion route of this DENV-2 in the South Pacific region. In the current work, the E gene from 23 DENV-2 serum samples collected in Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, and New Caledonia was sequenced. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses were performed. While all DENV-2 strains sequenced belong to the Cosmopolitan genotype, phylogenetic analysis suggests at least three different DENV-2 introductions in the South Pacific between 2017 and 2020. Strains retrieved in these Pacific Islands Countries and Territories (PICTs) in 2017-2020 are phylogenetically related, with strong phylogenetic links between strains retrieved from French PICTs. These phylogenetic data substantiate epidemiological data of the DENV-2 diffusion pattern between these countries.

Published
2020
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10. Vector Competence of Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus from Brazil and New Caledonia for Three Zika Virus Lineages

Author

Nicolas Pocquet, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Olivia O’Connor, Maria Ignez Lima Bersot, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Dominique Girault, Marguerite R Dokunengo, Rosilainy Surubi Fernandes, Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários [Rio de Janeiro], Instituto Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Institute [Rio de Janeiro] (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), National Institut of Health (Grant no. 1UO1 AI115595-01), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under ZIKAlliance Grant Agreement no. 734548, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Grant no. 312446/2018), Preventing and Combating the Zika Virus MCTIC/FNDCT-CNPq/MEC-CAPES/MS-Decit. (Grant no. 440929/2016-4), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Grants nos. E-26/203.064/2016, E-26/202.431/2019 and E-26/201.335/2016). MRD was supported by 'Cadre Avenir' and 'Vivaldi, South Province', New Caledonia., We thank Jeffrey Powell for the critical review and English editing of the manuscript, Sosiasi Kilama for field sampling, Marine Minier and Jordan Tutagata for mosquito rearing, Iule de Souza Bonelly and Marcelo Quintela Gomes for technical support and Heloisa Diniz for preparing the map., European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Aedes albopictus, viruses, 030231 tropical medicine, Zoology, lcsh:Medicine, Aedes aegypti, Article, Virus, susceptibility, Zika virus, 03 medical and health sciences, vector capacity, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, parasitic diseases, Immunology and Allergy, Molecular Biology, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, fungi, lcsh:R, virus diseases, biology.organism_classification, Culex quinquefasciatus, 3. Good health, transmission efficiency, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Mosquito control, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Viral load
Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) has caused severe epidemics in South America beginning in 2015, following its spread through the Pacific. We comparatively assessed the vector competence of ten populations of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus from Brazil and two of Ae. aegypti and one of Culex quinquefasciatus from New Caledonia to transmit three ZIKV isolates belonging to African, Asian and American lineages. Recently colonized mosquitoes from eight distinct sites from both countries were orally challenged with the same viral load (107 TCID50/mL) and examined after 7, 14 and 21 days. Cx. quinquefasciatus was refractory to infection with all virus strains. In contrast, although competence varied with geographical origin, Brazilian and New Caledonian Ae. aegypti could transmit the three ZIKV lineages, with a strong advantage for the African lineage (the only one reaching saliva one-week after challenge). Brazilian Ae. albopictus populations were less competent than Ae. aegypti populations. Ae. albopictus generally exhibited almost no transmission for Asian and American lineages, but was efficient in transmitting the African ZIKV. Viral surveillance and mosquito control measures must be strengthened to avoid the spread of new ZIKV lineages and minimize the transmission of viruses currently circulating.

Published
2020
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11. Predicting Dengue Outbreaks in Cambodia

Author

Inizan, Catherine, O’Connor, Olivia, Mangeas, Morgan, Pocquet, Nicolas, Forfait, Carole, Descloux, Élodie, Gourinat, Ann-Claire, Pfannstiel, Anne, Klement-Frutos, Elise, Menkès, Christophe, Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Myrielle, Peas, Muslim, Froehlich, Yves, Duboz, Raphael, Ong, Sivuth, Buchy, Philippe, Cousien, Anthony, Ledien, Julia, Souv, Kimsan, Leang, Rithea, Huy, Rekol, Fontenille, Didier, Ly, Sowath, Duong, Veasna, Dussart, Philippe, Piola, Patrice, Cauchemez, Simon, Tarantola, Arnaud, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control [Phnom Penh, Cambodia] (CNM), Modélisation mathématique des maladies infectieuses - Mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, This study was supported by the Agence Française de Développement (ECOMORE Project), the Investissement d’Avenir program, the Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases program (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), the Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and the AXA Research Fund., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Laboratoire Ligérien de Linguistique (LLL), Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction des affaires sanitaires et sociales de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Phnom Penh], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Unité de Virologie, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), National Center of Parasitology (CNM), National Malaria Center [Phnom Penh], Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire de Virologie [Cayenne], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre national de Référence des Arbovirus [Cayenne] (CNRA - Cayenne), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tarantola, Arnaud, and Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Wet season, Surveillance data, Epidemiology, 030231 tropical medicine, magnitude of the epidemic, lcsh:Medicine, surveillance data, Serogroup, Dengue fever, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Predicting Dengue Outbreaks in Cambodia, Disease Outbreaks, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, viruses, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Pediatric dengue, lcsh:R, Dispatch, Outbreak, modeling, Dengue Virus, medicine.disease, healthcare system, dengue, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Geography, Population Surveillance, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Seasons, Cambodia, Healthcare system
Abstract

International audience; In Cambodia, dengue outbreaks occur each rainy season (May-October) but vary in magnitude. Using national surveillance data, we designed a tool that can predict 90% of the variance in peak magnitude by April, when typically

Published
2019
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12. MALDI-TOF MS: optimization for future uses in entomological surveillance and identification of mosquitoes from New Caledonia

Author

Rakotonirina, Antsa, Pol, Morgane, Kainiu, Malia, Barsac, Emilie, Tutagata, Jordan, Kilama, Sosiasi, O’Connor, Olivia, Tarantola, Arnaud, Colot, Julien, Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Myrielle, Richard, Vincent, Pocquet, Nicolas, Entomologie médicale [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie] (URE-EM), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Groupe Bactériologie Expérimentale [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie], Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Epidemiology - Epidémiologie [Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie], Direction Internationale de l'Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), The project leading to this publication received funding from the French Fund for Economic, Social, Cultural and Scientific Cooperation in the Pacific ('Pacific Fund') and the Institut Pasteur of New Caledonia. AR obtained a scholarship from the Institut Pasteur International Network (Bourse Calmette & Yersin)., and Institut Pasteur [Paris]

Subjects
[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Research, Mosquitoes’ identification, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, Mosquito Vectors, Sensitivity and Specificity, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Culex, Culicidae, New Caledonia, Aedes, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Animals, lcsh:RC109-216, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract

International audience; Background: Mosquito vectors cause a significant human public health burden through the transmission of pathogens. Due to the expansion of international travel and trade, the dispersal of these mosquito vectors and the pathogens they carry is on the rise. Entomological surveillance is therefore required which relies on accurate mosquito species identification. This study aimed to optimize the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for mosquito identification.Methods: Aedes aegypti of the Bora-Bora strain and 11 field-sampled mosquito species were used in this study. Analyses were performed to study the impact of the trapping duration on mosquito identification with MALDI-TOF MS. The best preservation methods to use for short, medium and long-term preservation before MALDI-TOF MS analysis were also assessed. In addition, the number of specimens per species required for MALDI-TOF MS database creation was determined. The first MALDI-TOF database of New Caledonian mosquitoes was assembled and the optimal threshold for mosquito species identification according to the sensitivity and specificity of this technique was determined.Results: This study showed that the identification scores decreased as the trapping duration increased. High identification scores were obtained for mosquitoes preserved on silica gel and cotton at room temperature and those frozen at − 20 °C, even after two months of preservation. In addition, the results showed that the scores increased according to the number of main spectrum patterns (MSPs) used until they reached a plateau at 5 MSPs for Ae. aegypti. Mosquitoes (n = 67) belonging to 11 species were used to create the MALDI-TOF reference database. During blind test analysis, 96% of mosquitoes tested (n = 224) were correctly identified. Finally, based on MALDI-TOF MS sensitivity and specificity, the threshold value of 1.8 was retained for a secure identification score.Conclusions: MALDI-TOF MS allows accurate species identification with high sensitivity and specificity and is a promising tool in public health for mosquito vector surveillance.

Published
2020
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13. Dengue in New Caledonia: Knowledge and Gaps

Author

Morgan Mangeas, Nicolas Pocquet, Ann-Claire Gourinat, Olivia O’Connor, Christophe E. Menkès, Arnaud Tarantola, Carole Forfait, Elodie Descloux, Catherine Inizan, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Elise Klement-Frutos, Anne Pfannstiel, Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], Direction des affaires sanitaires et sociales de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), and Tarantola, Arnaud

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, viruses, 030231 tropical medicine, lcsh:Medicine, Arbovirus, Dengue fever, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, Epidemiology, medicine, climate, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, General Immunology and Microbiology, Communication, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, virus diseases, risk assessment, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Pacific, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Geography, arbovirus, epidemiology, Risk assessment
Abstract

International audience; Arboviruses are viruses transmitted to humans by the bite of infected mosquito vectors. Over the last decade, arbovirus circulation has increasingly been detected in New Caledonia (NC), a French island territory located in the subtropical Pacific region. Reliable epidemiological, entomological, virological and climate data have been collected in NC over the last decade. Here, we describe these data and how they inform arboviruses' epidemiological profile. We pinpoint areas which remain to be investigated to fully understand the peculiar epidemiological profile of arbovirus circulation in NC. Further, we discuss the advantages of conducting studies on arboviruses dynamics in NC. Overall, we show that conclusions drawn from observations conducted in NC may inform epidemiological risk assessments elsewhere and may be vital to guide surveillance and response, both in New Caledonia and beyond.

Published
2019
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14. Differential transmission of Asian and African Zika virus lineages by Aedes aegypti from New Caledonia

Author

Calvez, Elodie, O'Connor, Olivia, Pol, Morgane, Rousset, Dominique, Faye, Oumar, Richard, Vincent, Tarantola, Arnaud, Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Myrielle, O’Connor, Olivia, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche appliquée dans le domaine du génie pétrolier (IPRADDGP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, This work was supported by the Actions Concertées Inter Pasteuriennes (ZikAe project, ACIP A-15-2014) and partly by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under ZIKAlliance Grant Agreement no. 734548., We thank Catherine Inizan for participating in ZIKV stock production and for revising the manuscript. We thank Cyrille Goarant for the rabbit blood samples., European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), Centre National de Référence pour les Arbovirus - Laboratoire associé de Virologie [Cayenne, Guyane] (CNR), and Arbovirus et Virus de Fièvres Hémorragiques

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Epidemiology, lcsh:QR1-502, lcsh:Microbiology, Disease Outbreaks, Zika virus, Aedes, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Drug Discovery, MESH: Animals, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Clade, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Phylogenetic tree, biology, Zika Virus Infection, MESH: Asia, General Medicine, MESH: Aedes, 3. Good health, Flavivirus, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, MESH: Mosquito Vectors, Asia, Immunology, MESH: Zika Virus, Mosquito Vectors, Aedes aegypti, Microbiology, Arbovirus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Zika Virus Infection, New Caledonia, Phylogenetics, Virology, medicine, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, MESH: Humans, Outbreak, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Zika Virus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH: New Caledonia, 030104 developmental biology, Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) is a Flavivirus that is transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes. ZIKV is divided into two phylogenetic lineages, African and Asian. In the Asian lineage, Pacific and American clades have been linked to the recent worldwide outbreak of ZIKV. The aim of this study was to measure the vector competence of Aedes aegypti for seven ZIKV strains belonging to both lineages. We demonstrate that Ae. aegypti from New Caledonia (NC), South Pacific region, is a low-competence vector for Asian ZIKV (37% transmission efficiency after 9 days post-infection) compared to recent ZIKV isolates from African (10% transmission efficiency) and Asian lineages (

Published
2019
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15. An Innovative Multiplexed And Flexible Molecular Approach For The Differential Detection Of Arboviruses

Author

Jean-Charles Brès, Emilie Blanc, Albert Meyer, François Morvan, Robin Reynier, Philippe Van de Perre, Jean-François Cantaloube, Chantal Fournier-Wirth, Fanny Leon, Yannick Simonin, Lilian Bruyère-Ostells, Pierre Gallian, Jean-Jacques Vasseur, Isabelle Leparc-Goffart, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Sara Salinas, Vincent Foulongne, Antoine Biron, Pathogénèse et contrôle des infections chroniques (PCCI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Emergence des Pathologies Virales (EPV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Établissement Français du Sang Alpes-Méditerranée (EFS Alpes-Méditerranée), Centre National de Référence (CNR) des Arbovirus - Laboratoire coordonnateur : Equipe Résidente de Recherche d'Infectiologie Tropicale (ERRIT), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Laveran, Supported by institutional funding from Etablissement Français du Sang (C.F.-W.) and Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie (M.D.-R.)., Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Etablissement français du don du sang [Montpellier], Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE, Etablissement Français du Sang [La Plaine Saint-Denis] (EFS), Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus [Marseille], Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA)-Unité d'Arbovirologie [Marseille], Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran, Service de Santé des Armées-Service de Santé des Armées-Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran, Service de Santé des Armées-Service de Santé des Armées, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, viruses, Dengue virus, Biology, Nucleic Acid Testing, medicine.disease_cause, Genome, Sensitivity and Specificity, Virus, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Zika virus, Dengue, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, medicine, Humans, Multiplex, Chikungunya, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Zika Virus Infection, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, virus diseases, Zika Virus, Dengue Virus, biology.organism_classification, Virology, 3. Good health, Patient management, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Molecular Medicine, Chikungunya Fever, Chikungunya virus, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Abstract

International audience; Nucleic acid testing during the preseroconversion viremic phase is required to differentially diagnose arboviral infections. The continuing emergence of arboviruses, such as Zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), necessitates the development of a flexible diagnostic approach. Similar clinical signs and the priority to protect pregnant women from ZIKV infection indicate that the differential diagnosis of arboviruses is essential for effective patient management, clinical care, and epidemiologic surveillance. We describe an innovative diagnostic approach that combines generic RT-PCR amplification and identification by hybridization to specific probes. Original tetrathiolated probes were designed for the robust, sensitive, and specific detection of amplified arboviral genomes. The limit of detection using cultured and quantified stocks of whole viruses was 1 TCID50/mL for DENV-1, DENV-3, and CHIKV and 10 TCID50/mL for DENV-2, DENV-4, and ZIKV. The assay had 100% specificity with no false-positive results. The approach was evaluated using 179 human samples that previously tested as positive for the presence of ZIKV, DENV, or CHIKV genomes. Accordingly, the diagnostic sensitivity for ZIKV, DENV, and CHIKV was 87.88% (n = 58/66), 96.67% (n = 58/60), and 94.34% (n = 50/53), respectively. This method could be easily adapted to include additional molecular targets. Moreover, this approach may also be adapted to develop highly specific, sensitive, and easy to handle platforms dedicated to the multiplex screening and identification of emerging viruses.

Published
2019
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16. Zika virus outbreak in New Caledonia and Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case-control study

Author

Sylvie Laumond, Segolene Billot, Carole Forfait, Nicolas Molko, David Guyon, Pauline Millon, Dominique Girault, Olivier Simon, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Elodie Descloux, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Blandine Acket, Damien Hoinard, Jean Claude Manuguerra, Antoine Biron, Ann-Claire Gourinat, Maguy Daures, Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], New Caledonia Health Department, Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (CIBU), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Direction des affaires sanitaires et sociales de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Study partly funded by French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir Programme (Labex Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases, IBEID, grant number ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), New Caledonia Government, Institut Pasteur in New Caledonia, Centre Hospitalier Territorial, New Caledonia and by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under ZIKAlliance Grant Agreement no. 734548., Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Facial diplegia, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Case control study, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Zika virus, Disease Outbreaks, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, New Caledonia, Virology, ZikV Infection, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Retrospective Studies, biology, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Transmission (medicine), business.industry, Zika Virus Infection, Case-control study, Outbreak, Zika Virus, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome, 3. Good health, Neurology, Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy, Case-Control Studies, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with neurologic disorders including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). In New Caledonia during the ZIKV outbreak (2014-2015), case-control and retrospective studies have been performed to assess the link between ZIKV and GBS. Among the 15 cases included, 33% had evidence of a recent ZIKV infection compared to only 3.3% in the 30 controls involved. All patients were Melanesian, had facial diplegia and similar neurophysiological pattern consistent with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and recovered well. Furthermore, during the peak of ZIKV transmission, we observed a number of GBS cases higher than the calculated upper limit, emphasizing the fact that ZIKV is now a major trigger of GBS.

Published
2017
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17. Dengue-1 virus and vector competence of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations from New Caledonia

Author

Magali Teurlai, Nicolas Pocquet, Elodie Calvez, Olivia O’Connor, Dominique Girault, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Laurent Guillaumot, Tuterarii Paoaafaite, Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau, Vaea Richard, Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), URE-Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Institut Louis Malardé [Papeete] (ILM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), URE-Epidémiologie des Maladies Infectieuses, and This work was funded by the 'Agence Française pour le Développement' through the Pacific Fund (CZT102701R/n°1162, CNC194801X/n°1272,UO0209CSOLD988/n°1439) and by the Government of New Caledonia (CS123007063/n°1162). Recipient for both grants: LG.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Entomology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], viruses, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, Dengue fever, Disease Outbreaks, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Aedes aegypti, Aedes, education.field_of_study, virus diseases, Dengue virus (DENV), 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Zoology, Mosquito Vectors, Biology, Serogroup, Arbovirus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, New Caledonia, medicine, Animals, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, lcsh:RC109-216, education, Saliva, Research, Outbreak, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Dengue Virus, Pacific region, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, 030104 developmental biology, Parasitology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Vector competence
Abstract

Background Dengue virus (DENV) is the arbovirus with the highest incidence in New Caledonia and in the South Pacific region. In 2012–2014, a major DENV-1 outbreak occurred in New Caledonia. The only known vector of DENV in New Caledonia is Aedes aegypti but no study has yet evaluated the competence of New Caledonia Ae. aegypti populations to transmit DENV. This study compared the ability of field-collected Ae. aegypti from different locations in New Caledonia to transmit the DENV-1 responsible for the 2012–2014 outbreak. This study also aimed to compare the New Caledonia results with the vector competence of Ae. aegypti from French Polynesia as these two French countries have close links, including arbovirus circulation. Methods Three wild Ae. aegypti populations were collected in New Caledonia and one in French Polynesia. Female mosquitoes were orally exposed to DENV-1 (106 FFU/ml). Mosquito bodies (thorax and abdomen), heads and saliva were analyzed to measure infection, dissemination, transmission rates and transmission efficiency, at 7, 14 and 21 days post-infection (dpi), respectively. Results DENV-1 infection rates were heterogeneous, but dissemination rates were high and homogenous among the three Ae. aegypti populations from New Caledonia. Despite this high DENV-1 dissemination rate, the transmission rate, and therefore the transmission efficiency, observed were low. Aedes aegypti population from New Caledonia was less susceptible to infection and had lower ability to transmit DENV-1 than Ae. aegypti populations from French Polynesia. Conclusion This study suggests that even if susceptible to infection, the New Caledonian Ae. aegypti populations were moderately competent vectors for DENV-1 strain from the 2012–2014 outbreak. These results strongly suggest that other factors might have contributed to the spread of this DENV-1 strain in New Caledonia and in the Pacific region. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2319-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2017
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18. Early Guillain–Barré Syndrome associated with acute dengue fever

Author

D. Guyon, N. Molko, Ann-Claire Gourinat, Elodie Descloux, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, S. Billot, Maguy Daures, O. Simon, Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], New Caledonia Health Department, Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Territorial de Noumea, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot (SHFJ), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay

Subjects
Male, Neurology, viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, MESH: Dengue, Dengue virus, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Dengue Virus, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Dengue fever, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Aged, Infectious disease, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, MESH: Middle Aged, Guillain-Barre syndrome, biology, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, MESH: RNA, Viral, RNA, Viral, Female, Antibody, Guillain–Barré Syndrome, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, medicine, Humans, Aged, MESH: Guillain-Barre Syndrome, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Outbreak, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction, Dengue Virus, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Concomitant, Immunology, biology.protein, business, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Various forms of neurological manifestations are reported in dengue fever. We describe here three cases of concomitant Guillain-Barré syndrome and dengue virus (DENV) infection during the largest DENV-1 outbreak in New Caledonia. Research of viral RNA was positive in both blood and CSF samples. All patients were treated with intravenous polyvalent immunoglobulins and recovered without sequelae within one week.

Published
2016
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19. Isolation and partial characterization of bacteria (Pseudoalteromonas sp.) with potential antibacterial activity from a marine costal environment from New Caledonia

Author

Véronique Kerjean, Suzanne Chanteau, Elise Petit, Eleftherios Chalkiadakis, Eric Deslandes, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Marilyne Fauchon, Jean Guezennec, Rémi Dufourcq, Dengue et Arbovirose (URE-DA), Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Plateforme technologique BIODIMAR, Université de Brest (UBO), and Ministère de l'Outre-Mer

Subjects
Geologic Sediments, medicine.disease_cause, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Marine bacteriophage, Pseudoalteromonas, antibacterial activity, MESH: Staphylococcus aureus, MESH: Ecosystem, characterization, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, MESH: Microbial Sensitivity Tests, 0303 health sciences, biology, MESH: Escherichia coli, Antimicrobial, Anti-Bacterial Agents, marine bacteria, MESH: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MESH: Enterococcus, Antibacterial activity, Staphylococcus aureus, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Enterococcus faecalis, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, New Caledonia, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antibiosis, medicine, Escherichia coli, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, Ecosystem, MESH: Antibiosis, 030304 developmental biology, 030306 microbiology, MESH: Pseudoalteromonas, screening, MESH: Seawater, MESH: Geologic Sediments, MESH: New Caledonia, biology.organism_classification, Bacteria, Enterococcus
Abstract

Marine bacteria are a rich source of bioactive metabolites. However, the microbial diversity of marine ecosystem still needs to be explored. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize bacteria with antimicrobial activities from various marine coastal environment of New Caledonia. We obtained 493 marine isolates from various environments and samples of which 63 (12·8%) presented an antibacterial activity against a panel of reference pathogenic strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis). Ten out of the most promising strains were cultured, fractionated and screened for antibacterial activity. Four of them (NC282, NC412, NC272 and NC120) showed at least an activity against reference and multidrug-resistant pathogenic strains and were found to belong to the genus Pseudoalteromonas, according to the 16S phylogenetic analysis. The NC282 strain does not belong to any described Pseudoalteromonas species and might be of interest for further chemical and biological characterization. These findings suggest that the identified strains may contribute to the discovery for new sources of antimicrobial substances to develop new therapies to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Significance and Impact of the Study With the constant increasing of bacterial resistance against known antibiotics in worldwide public health, it is now necessary to find new sources of antimicrobials. Marine bacteria from New Caledonia were isolated, tested for antibacterial activity and characterized to find new active molecules against multidrug-resistant bacteria. This study illustrates the diversity of the marine ecosystem with potent new bacteria species. Also the potential of marine bacteria as a rich source of bioactive molecule, for example antibiotics, is highlighted.

Published
2014
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