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Background: Hip fracture is one of the commonest fractures in the elderly. Due to its possible complications it is still a potentially life-threatening condition. Early medical rehabilitation is very important for the final outcome, especially early verticalisation and mobilization to walk. The treatment of the fractured hip must enable early verticalisation, weight bearing of the injured lower limb and mobility. We performed research article was to research quality of early medical rehabilitation of injured patients after hip fracture. Methods: Or retrospective study included 372 patients with hip fracture who had been hospitalized at the Department of Traumatology of the Celje General Hospital. Their medical records were retrieved from the hospital information system using the diagnosis of hip fracture as the search criterion. We collected data on age, gender, duration of the hospitalisation, type of hip fracture, choice of treatment, mobility level at discharge and the discharge destination. Results: Among the 372 patients, there were 256 women and 116 men; the mean age was 85 years (range from 19 to 98 years). The majority of the patients had pertrochanteric fractures, followed by femoral neck and subtrochanteric fractures. The majority of patients were treated operatively, only small percentage conservativel; the mortality was 2.2%. Almost one half of the patients were discharged home, one third to the extended hospital treatment, 20% to a seniors home, and 5% to other hospital departments. After discharge, one third of the patients were able to walk with crutches on a flat surface or stairs, one third with a walker, one third used a wheelchair, and 8% remained bed-ridden. The average length of stay was 10.6 days. Conclusions: Overall, the early medical rehabilitation of patients after hip fracture can be considered as successful. Patients treated with endoprosthesis or stabile internal fixation, who were allowed to walk with full weight bearing of the injured lower limb, achieved better functional outcome and had shorter length of stay. Izhodišča: Zlom kolka je eden najpogostejših zlomov starejših oseb. Kljub napredku medicine je zaradi zapletov, ki so posledica nenadno nastale zmanjšane zmožnosti premeščanja, stoje in hoje, še vedno potencialno smrtno nevarna poškodba. Zgodnja medicinska rehabilitacija pomembno vpliva na končni izid, ključni pa sta zgodnje postavljanje v pokončni položaj in mobilizacija do samostojne zmožnosti gibanja. Poškodovanci z zlomom kolka morajo biti oskrbljeni tako, da so zmožni čimprejšnjega postavljanja v pokončni položaj, obremenjevanja poškodovanega spodnjega uda in gibanja. Želeli smo ugotoviti, kakšna je bila učinkovitost zgodnje medicinske rehabilitacije pri poškodovancih po zlomu kolka v Splošni bolnišnici Celje. Metode: V retrospektivno študijo smo vključili 372 poškodovancev po zlomu kolka, ki so bili od 1. januarja 2013 do 31. decembra 2013 obravnavani na Travmatološkem oddelku Splošne bolnišnice Celje. Podatke o poškodovancih smo poiskali v bolnišničnem informacijskem sistemu Birpis s pomočjo diagnoz zloma kolka. Za te poškodovance smo zbrali podatke o starosti, spolu, trajanju hospitalizacije, vrsti zloma kolka, načinu oskrbe, zmožnosti gibanja ob odpustu in o tem, v katero ustanovo so bili premeščeni. Rezultati: Med 372 poškodovanci je bilo 256 žensk in 116 moških povprečne starosti 85 let (razpon od 19 do 98 let). Med zlomi je bilo največ pertrohanternih zlomov, nekaj manj zlomov vratu stegnenice, najmanjši delež so predstavljali subtrohanterni zlomi. Večina poškodovancev je bila zdravljena z operacijo, le manjši delež konzervativno. V obdobju zgodnje rehabilitacije je umrlo 2,2% poškodovancev. Skoraj polovica poškodovancev je bila odpuščena v domačo oskrbo, tretjina poškodovancev je potrebovala podaljšano bolnišnično zdravljenje. V oskrbo v dom starejših občanov je bilo poslanih 20% poškodovancev, 5% poškodovancev je bilo premeščenih na druge bolnišnične oddelke. Ob zaključku zdravljenja je 11% poškodovancev zmoglo hojo po ravnem terenu in stopnicah brez pripomočkov, skoraj 20% poškodovancev je zmoglo hojo s pomočjo dokomolčnih bergel in tretjina s pomočjo hodulje. Dobra tretjina poškodovancev je zmogla le sedenje na vozičku, 8% poškodovancev pa je bilo ob zaključku zdravljenja še vedno vezanih na posteljo. Povprečna ležalna doba poškodovancev po zlomu kolka je bila 10,6 dni; krajša je bila pri poškodovancih, ki so bili oskrbljeni z delno kolčno protezo. Zaključek: Ocenjujemo, da je bila zgodnja medicinska rehabilitacija pri poškodovancih po zlomu kolka v splošnem uspešna. Boljši končni izid so dosegli poškodovanci, ki so bili oskrbljeni z delno kolčno protezo in lahko obremenjevali poškodovani spodnji ud, tudi povprečna ležalna doba je bila pri njih krajša.

V diplomskem delu smo prikazali anatomijo, fiziologijo, patologijo, diagnostične metode in načine zdravljenja s poudarkom na zdravstveni negi bolnika s poškodbo hrbtenjače v ledvenem delu hrbtenice. Bolnik, ki je utrpel takšno poškodbo, potrebuje ob sebi negovalni in zdravstveni tim, ki mu bo stal ob strani, ko se bo soočal s svojo spremenjeno telesno podobo. Negovalni problemi so na področju vseh življenjskih aktivnosti, vendar jih zaradi možnosti zgodnje mobilizacije, kjer ima rehabilitacija pomembno vlogo, sodobnega znanja in pripomočkov lažje obvladamo. Tukaj se zdravstvena nega in rehabilitacija močno prepletata. Predstavili smo tudi komunikacijo z bolniki in njihovimi svojci. Medicinska sestra potrebuje zelo razširjeno in poglobljeno strokovno znanje, izkušnje in osebnostne lastnosti, ki omogočajo dobro komunikacijo in empatijo. Zdravstveno vzgojno delo se prične že v bolnišnici in je eden najpomembnejših poslanstev medicinske sestre. Z njo želi bolnike usposobiti za sodelovanje pri zdravljenju njihove bolezni in nadaljnje življenje. V diplomskem delu smo s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika, ki smo ga razdelili 40 medicinskim sestram in zdravstvenim tehnikom v Enoti intenzivne medicine operativnih strok in na Travmatološkem oddelku Splošne bolnišnice Celje, ugotavljali pomen vključevanja zdravstvene nege v rehabilitacijo, komunikacije z bolnikom in svojci ter zdravstvene vzgoje. Pokazati smo želeli tudi, ali delo z bolniki, ki so utrpeli poškodbo hrbtenjače v ledvenem delu hrbtenice, stresno in fizično vpliva na medicinske sestre in zdravstvene tehnike. The subsequent work comprehends anatomical, physiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of spinal cord trauma with special emphasis on nursing care for patients after lumbar spinal cord injury. Patients suffering this trauma need health and nursing care teams that would help them to overcome the healing process and to face themselves with their altering physical image. Nursing problems with theses patients are numerous, concerning many of patients vital activities. Using modern rehabilitation approaches, skills, techniques and devices, therapeutic goals become more efficently achieved. Therefore nursing care and rehabilitation activities applied on spinal patients should be strongly interconnected. Another important issue is communication with patients and with their relatives. Nurses are expected to have knowledge, experience and personal characteristics that are required for appropriate communication and empathy with these patients. Health care education and preparation for their future life should be stared during in-hospital stay and is one of the most important tasks carried out by the nurses. A questionnaire was distributed among 40 nurses working in surgical ICU and traumatological department of Celje General Hospital in order to investigate their vision on importance of incorporation of their nursing care activities in rehabilitation processes, on communication with patients and their relatives, and on health care education as part of an integral treatment of patients after lumbar spinal cord injuries. Questions about physical and psychological stress that nurses are exposed to when nursing these patients were also included in the study.

Ugodnosti sodobnega sedečega načina življenja nam nudijo krasno možnost zanemariti bistveni generator slednjega — kulturo gibanja. Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, kako z uporabo namenskih palic vključiti v vsakodnevno hojo, ki je sicer domena mišic lokomotorne enote, še mišice potovalne enote in tako med izvajanjem souvakävelyja aktivirati skoraj celotno mišično maso telesa. Metodologija raziskovanja. Uporabljeni sta bili kvalitativna in kvantitativna metodologija. Kot instrument za zbiranje podatkov smo uporabili digitalno obdelavo fotografij in FLIR termografijo raziskovalnega modela, v katerem sta bila zastopana oba spola različnih starosti. Rezultati. Ugotovili smo, da s pravilno tehniko izvajanja aktivnosti sauvakävely aktiviramo mišično maso potovalne enote, pri tem pa še vedno ohranjamo vse elemente navadne hoje in njen fiziološki vzorec, le amplituda posameznih gibov je večja. Zaradi individualno nastavljive intenzitete vadbe je ta primerna za oba spola in vse starostne skupine. Sklep. Z raziskavo smo potrdili del navedb o koristnosti telesne aktivnosti sauvakävely kot jih navaja CINDI Slovenija v svojih akcijah promocije zdravja in aktivnega načina življenja. Aplikacijo aktivnosti v zdravstvo vidimo predvsem kot obliko promocije zdravja in aktivnega življenjskega sloga medicinsko sestro pa kot promotorko obojega. Benefits of a modern sedentary lifestyle offers us a great opportunity for neglecting the essential generator of our life – the culture of movement. The aim of this study is to recognize how, with the use of dedicated poles included in normal daily walking, which is a domain of muscles of locomotor unit, to activate the muscles of the passenger unit too, and by doing sauvakävely activating almost all body muscle mass. Research methodology. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used. As a tool for collecting data we used digital image processing and FLIR thermography of research model in which both sexes of various ages were represented. Results. We found that muscles of passenger unit can be activated by proper performance of technique of sauvakävely, while still preserving all common elements of gait and its physiological pattern only the amplitude of individual movements is emphasized. As the intensity is individually adjustable, the exercise is appropriate for both sexes and all age groups. Conclusion. The study confirmed the benefits of the information regarding physical activity of sauvakävely as indicated by the CINDI Slovenia in their campaigns promoting health and active lifestyle. The activity can be applied in the health care mainly as a form of health and active life style promotion and a nurse as promoter of them both.

Imobilizacija z mavcem je ena najpogosteje uporabljenih tehnik v pri konzervativnem zdravljenju v travmatologiji in ortopediji, zato je velikega pomena kvalitetna izvedba ter prepoznavanje zapletov in pravilno ukrepanje ob zapletih pod mavčevo oblogo. V diplomskem delu je na kratko opisana anatomija in fiziologija človeškega skeleta, zlomi kosti, faze celjenja kosti ter njihova imobilizacija z mavčevo oblogo. Poudarek je na opisu najpogostejših zapletov pod mavcem in nujnih ukrepih medicinske sestre ob pojavu posameznih zapletov. Predstavili smo tudi naloge ortopedskega tehnologa v mavčarni ter pomen kakovostne komunikacije pri delu z zamavčenimi pacienti in njihovimi bližnjimi. V empiričnem delu so predstavljeni rezultati raziskave, s katero smo ugotavljali ali medicinske sestre v zdravstvenih domovih v celjski regiji dovolj zgodaj prepoznajo zaplete v zamavčenem udu in ali ob njih pravilno ukrepajo. Rezultate smo grafično prikazali in interpretirali. Ugotovili smo, da medicinske sestre v velikem odstotku prepoznajo zaplete pod mavčevo imobilizacijo in znajo v takih primerih pravilno ukrepati, želijo pa si tudi dodatnega izobraževanja na tem področju. The plaster of Paris immobilization is one of the most frequent techniques used, in conservative treatment in traumathology and orthopedics, therefore the quality of plaster immobilization, recognition of complications and knowing the correct measures when faced with a complication are of great importance. In the first part of this study there is a brief description of human skeleton anatomy and physiology, description of various bone fractures and their healing stages, and the plaster immobilization of these fractures. The most common complications and urgent steps that need to be taken by the nursing staff when complications occur are pointed out. A presentation of orthopedic technician's duties and an emphasis of qualitative communication with the patient and his or her relatives are included. The second (empirical) part of this study contains a research which includes the health centers within the Celje region. The research amongst the nursing staff was whether the recognition of plaster complications was early enough and whether the correct steps were taken when these complications occurred. The results were graphically displayed and interpreted. We have noticed that the nursing staff in a large percentage can identify the complications under the plaster immobilization and in such cases they act properly, but they would still like to have some additional training in this area.