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The leafhopper genus Elymana DeLong, 1936 (Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Cicadulini) is reported for the first time from the Indian subcontinent (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan) with the redescription and first photographic illustrations of the habitus and male genitalia of Elymana sulphurella (Zetterstedt, 1828). Elymana sulphurella (Zetterstedt) typically measures between 4 and 5 mm in length and is widely spread in Europe. A worldwide checklist with the distribution of species of Elymana DeLong is provided.

The genus Subhimalus from tribe Paralimnini is reviewed from India along with the description of a new species. The genus was described from India by Ghauri (1971) with S. melanus as its type. A new species of the genus Subhimalus macrocurvatussp. n. is described and illustrated from India after a long time. The genus includes five valid species and so far, has only been reported from India (five species) and China (two species). The worldwide checklist of species and keys to the Indian species are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species Diplocolenus (Verdanulus) stepposussp. n. with a Ponto-Kazakhstanian steppe distribution is described. The species is monophagous on the Volga fescue Festuca valesiaca (Poaceae). Arguments in support of the distinctness of the subgenus Verdanulus are given. Some morphological transformations of the male genitalia in the genus Diplocolenus as a whole are discussed. It is hypothesized that the subgenera Diplocolenus s. str. and Verdanus Oman spread into the Nearctic independently and at different times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Penthimiola bella (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), the citrus leafhopper, for the European Union (EU). P. bella is native to the Afrotropical region; it has spread to Israel (first reported in 1974), Lebanon, and was reported from Morocco in 2018. Within the EU, P. bella is established in Portugal (Algarve) where it was first found on sweet oranges in 2012, and then in Spain in 2020, also on sweet oranges. P. bella is not listed in Annex II of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072. It is a polyphagous species reported, among cultivated hosts, on sweet orange, grapefruit and avocado. It is also described as being found on unspecified trees and bushes in savannahs, mountain forests and rain forests in Africa. Climatic conditions in some parts of southern EU countries are favourable and host plants are available in those areas to support establishment and spread. Despite being present in Portugal for over 10 years, there is a lack of evidence of impacts; hence, the magnitude of impact following introduction is uncertain. Nevertheless, in South Africa, P. bella was reported as being an economically important pest of citrus and to cause damage to avocado fruit during the early stages of development. Phytosanitary measures are available to reduce the likelihood of entry and further spread. Except for having uncertain economic or environmental impacts as a result of its introduction, P. bella satisfies all the other criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for it to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new leafhopper species Phlogotettix unicus sp. n. is described and illustrated from Arunachal Pradesh, Khonsa, India. A morphological variant is also described which has high resemblances to the holotype in the mtCOI gene region. Type material is deposited in the National Pusa Collection (NPC), Division of Entomology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nearctic leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus Ball (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is the main vector of the grapevine flavescence dorée (FD) phytoplasmas in Europe. To limit the impact of pest control activities on human health and the environment, EU legislation is withdrawing a growing number of active ingredients (a.i.), highlighting the need to evaluate alternative S. titanus management tools. In this context, we carried out a three-year (2021-2023) study in Italian vineyards characterized by high S. titanus populations. We compared the effectiveness of different insecticide-based strategies, i.e., targeting only nymphs (2021) or nymphs and adults (2022-2023), by spraying some of the currently allowed products (i.e., flupyradifurone, acetamiprid, sulfoxaflor, etofenprox, deltamethrin, and pyrethrins). The effectiveness of insecticide-based treatments was evaluated in terms of adult catches on yellow sticky traps. Furthermore, to achieve useful insights for optimizing current monitoring tools, we compared S. titanus catches on sticky traps of five different colors (i.e., yellow, green, blue, black, and white), as well as those achieved with two types of currently marketed yellow sticky traps. Results showed that etofenprox, deltamethrin, and sulfoxaflor were the most effective products for reducing S. titanus adult populations (33.64%, 30.30%, and 31.26%, respectively). Yellow and green sticky traps were more attractive to S. titanus adults than white, blue, and black ones. Moreover, a significant difference in capture efficiency was observed between two commercial yellow devices (i.e., tenfold higher catches using Glutor over Super color). Practical implications of our results are discussed in the context of current IPM against this key leafhopper vector of FD., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Abstract The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Penthimiola bella (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), the citrus leafhopper, for the European Union (EU). P. bella is native to the Afrotropical region; it has spread to Israel (first reported in 1974), Lebanon, and was reported from Morocco in 2018. Within the EU, P. bella is established in Portugal (Algarve) where it was first found on sweet oranges in 2012, and then in Spain in 2020, also on sweet oranges. P. bella is not listed in Annex II of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072. It is a polyphagous species reported, among cultivated hosts, on sweet orange, grapefruit and avocado. It is also described as being found on unspecified trees and bushes in savannahs, mountain forests and rain forests in Africa. Climatic conditions in some parts of southern EU countries are favourable and host plants are available in those areas to support establishment and spread. Despite being present in Portugal for over 10 years, there is a lack of evidence of impacts; hence, the magnitude of impact following introduction is uncertain. Nevertheless, in South Africa, P. bella was reported as being an economically important pest of citrus and to cause damage to avocado fruit during the early stages of development. Phytosanitary measures are available to reduce the likelihood of entry and further spread. Except for having uncertain economic or environmental impacts as a result of its introduction, P. bella satisfies all the other criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for it to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest.

Acunasus DeLong is an exclusive New World genus and endemic to the Mexican territory, comprising 10 species distributed in the western tropical dry and pine/oak forests of the country. In the present work, Acunasus diegoyassiri, from El Salto del Nogal waterfall in the Sierra de Tapalpa and Autlán de Navarro, Jalisco, Mexico, is described. The specimens were taken using an entomological net and a modified light trap. The morphological similarities and distribution among species known are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome of the widespread leafhopper species Aconurella prolixa (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini) was obtained via next-generation sequencing. This mitochondrial genome is 14,832 bp in length with the 37 classical eukaryotic mitochondrial genes and a control region. All 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) are initiated with ATN, except ND5 uses TTG as the start codon, and terminate with TAA or TAG with the exception of COX2 and ND4 which use a single T residue as the stop codon. Twenty-one of the 22 transfer RNA (tRNAs) genes have the typical clover-leaf structure except for trnS1. Unlike some other species of deltocephalinae, no tRNA rearrangements were detected. The monophyly of Cicadellidae and Deltocephalinae, as well as the monophyly of Chiasmini, with a sister relationship between A. prolixa and (Exitianus indicus + Nephotettix cincticeps) is supported by Bayesian inference phylogenetic analyses based on 13 PCGs.

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The present study evaluated the abundance of tended and non-tended Dalbulus DeLong (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) sp. leafhoppers and their parasitoids. A field study was conducted in the gamagrass Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. (Poaceae) habitat, where the mutualistic association between the leafhopper Dalbulus quinquenotatus DeLong & Nault (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and its tending ant Brachymyrmex obscurior (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) occurs. Yellow sticky card traps were used to determine the abundance of Dalbulus leafhoppers and their parasitoids in this habitat. The results showed that D. quinquenotatus was the most abundant leafhopper, whereas Dalbulus gelbus DeLong and the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis (DeLong) (both Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), both non-tended species, were least abundant. Three egg parasitoid wasp species were identified: Anagrus naulti Triapitsyn & Moya-Raygoza (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), which was the most abundant of the trapped parasitoids, and Paracentrobia Howard sp., and Pseudoligosita Girault sp. (both Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). The parasitoids that inhabit the wild Tripsacum habitat are important to conserve due to their potential as biological control agents against corn leafhopper pests. En este estudio se evaluó la abundancia de atendidas y no atendidas chicharritas del genero Dalbulus y sus parasitoides. Un trabajo de campo fue conducido en el hábitat de Tripsacum dactyloides, donde la asociación de mutualismo entre la chicharrita Dalbulus quinquenotatus Delong & Nault (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) y sus hormigas Brachymyrmex obscurior (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) ocurre. Trampas amarillas pegajosas fueron usadas para determinar la abundancia de Dalbulus y sus parasitoides en este hábitat. Los resultados mostraron que la chicharrita D. quinquenotatus fue la más abundante, mientras que Dalbulus gelbus Delong y la chicharrita del maíz D. maidis (Delong), ambas no atendidas, fueron menos abundantes. Tres especies de avispas parasitoides de huevos fueron identificados: Anagrus naulti Triapitsyn & Moya-Raygoza (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), la cual fue la más abundante de los parasitoides colectados, y Paracentrobia sp., and Pseudoligosita sp. (ambos Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Los parasitoides que habitan en el hábitat natural de Tripsacum son importante consérvalos debido a su potencial como agentes de control biológico contra chicharritas plagas del maíz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is highly valued fruit in the world and has wide production area in Turkey. Some of the species from the family Cicadellidae can cause direct damage by sucking the sap, and indirect damage by transmitting the phytoplasmas during their feeding process on the sweet cherry trees. This study was conducted to investigate the presence of the species of Cicadellidae family in Adana (Pozantı), Niğde (Darboğaz) and Kahramanmaraş (Andırın and Central Town), where sweet cherry cultivation is carried out, through 2014-2016. Surveying was done in two period a year, in spring (May-June) and fall (October-November) on the trees and weeds. As a result of sampling, 55 species from 35 genus in Cicadellidae were found. They are 32 species from Deltocephalinae subfamily, 18 species from Typhlocybinae, 4 species from Agallinae and 1 species from Megophthalminae subfamily were identified. Among them, Psammotettix striatus (Linnaeus) was the most common species with the 45.79% in total, followed by P. provincialis (Ribaut) with 15.26%. The other species were Empoasca sp. and Asymmetrasca decedens (Paoli) with 7.15% and 6.63%, respectively. It is known that the Phytoplasmas are phloem-limited agents, so, the cicadellid species that are feeding phloem tissue of the plant can acquire the pathogen and be able to transmit the phytoplasma potentially. As a result, it could be concluded that studies are needed to determine the potential to be vector of species of Deltocephalinae determined in sweet cherry orchards.

Grammacephalus rahmani Singh Pruthi, 1930 is recorded for the first time from the United Arab Emirates and Mali, G. raunoi Viraktamath, 1981 – from the United Arab Emirates, and G. indicus Viraktamath et Ananta Murthy, 1999 – from Afghanistan. Photos of these species are provided, and male genitalia of G. rahmani and female 7th sternite of G. indicus are illustrated. Distribution and composition of the genus Grammacephalus Haupt is discussed.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Fieberiella septentrionalis was annotated for the first time in the present study. The mitogenome was found to have circular shape, with 16,175 bp in size, containing 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer-RNA genes, 2 ribosomal-RNA genes, and 1 non-coding region. The nucleotide composition biases toward A and T is 77.9% of the entirety, which is a typical structure of Cicadellidae. All PCGs have ATN as the start codon, TAA and single T as the stop codon. The resulting phylogenetic tree confirms that the F. septentrionalis belongs to the subfamily of Deltocephalinae and Fieberiellini as sister to the remaining tribes of this subfamily.

Interactions between dryinids and their hosts are poorly known in the Neotropical region, especially for the Brazilian fauna. This study aims to expand this incipient knowledge by describing a new species of Anteon Jurine and four new species of Gonatopus Ljungh reared from parasitized leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) collected in the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil. The new species, A. elianeae sp. nov., G. josei sp. nov. , G. meloi sp. nov. , G. pinhalensis sp. nov. and G. taquarensis sp. nov., are associated with leafhopper species of the subfamilies Iassinae (tribe Gyponini) and Deltocephalinae (tribes Deltocephalini and Pendarini). Both sexes of G. josei sp. nov. and G. taquarensis sp. nov. were associated and males are described, representing the first sexual association based on reared specimens from Brazil. We record for the first time species of Dryinidae parasitizing the leafhoppers species: Curtara concava, Gypona lita and Reticana lineatta (Gyponini), Graminella striatella (Deltocephalini) and Copidinomus vittulatus (Pendarini). All known records in the Neotropic of both Anteon and Gonatupus species associated with host are compiled, all known records of parasitoids of gyponines are reviewed, and the interactions with dryinids are discussed. Each new species is diagnosed and described, and illustrations of both dryinids and parasitized hosts are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The morphology of the antennae of adult specimens of Goniagnathus punctifer (Walker, 1858), Stirellus yeongnamensis (Kwon and Lee, 1979) and Stirellus indrus (Distant, 1908) was studied using SEM (scanning electron microscope). The antennae of these three leafhopper species are similar overall to antennae of other leafhoppers, consisting of three segments: a short scape, a cylindrical pedicel and an elongate, hair-like flagellum. Five kinds of sensilla are found on G. punctifer, including two types of sensilla trichodea (St I and St II), two types of sensilla basiconica (Sb I and Sb II), one type of sensilla chaetica (Sch I), two types of sensilla coeloconica (Sco I and Sco II), and one type of sensilla campaniformia (Sca I). Sensilla on the 1st and 2nd flagellomere of male G. punctifer tentatively identified as Sb II have a unique shape not yet observed in other leafhoppers. Five kinds of sensilla are found on S. yeongnamensis, including two types of sensilla trichodea (St I and St II), one type of sensilla basiconica (Sb I), two types of sensilla chaetica (Sch I and Sch II), one type of sensilla coeloconica (Sco I), and two types of sensilla campaniformia (Sca I and Sca II). Five kinds of sensilla are found on S. indrus, including two types of sensilla trichodea (St I and St II), one type of sensilla basiconica (Sb I), two types of sensilla chaetica (Sch I and Sch II), two types of sensilla coeloconica (Sco I and Sco II) and one type of sensilla campaniformia (Sca II). The antennal surfaces of these three leafhopper species also have large numbers of brochosomes and squamiform denticles. No significant differences in antennal morphology were observed between males and females of Stirellus Osborn and Ball, 1902. A table summarizing types and locations of antennal sensilla in previously studied leafhoppers is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome of the widespread leafhopper species Aconurella prolixa (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini) was obtained via next-generation sequencing. This mitochondrial genome is 14,832 bp in length with the 37 classical eukaryotic mitochondrial genes and a control region. All 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) are initiated with ATN, except ND5 uses TTG as the start codon, and terminate with TAA or TAG with the exception of COX2 and ND4 which use a single T residue as the stop codon. Twenty-one of the 22 transfer RNA (tRNAs) genes have the typical clover-leaf structure except for trnS1. Unlike some other species of deltocephalinae, no tRNA rearrangements were detected. The monophyly of Cicadellidae and Deltocephalinae, as well as the monophyly of Chiasmini, with a sister relationship between A. prolixa and (Exitianus indicus + Nephotettix cincticeps) is supported by Bayesian inference phylogenetic analyses based on 13 PCGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new leafhopper genus Vittaliana reticulata gen. nov., sp. nov., is described from India, and placed in the tribe Opsiini based on ocelli close to eyes, without carina on anterior margin of the face and bifurcate aedeagus with two gonopores. Phylogenetic analysis with maximum likelihood (ML) using IQtree v1.4.1 of combined data (Histone H3 and 28S rDNA) reveals that the new genus Vittaliana belongs to a clade consisting of Opsius versicolor (Distant, 1908), Opsiini gen. sp., Libengaia sp., Hishimonus phycitis (Distant, 1908) and Yinfomibus menglaensis Du, Liang & Dai (2019) with good branch support, and that the tribe Opsiini is paraphyletic. This resolves the placement of a new genus in the tribe Opsiini under Deltocephalinae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The morphology of adult mouthparts of the leafhoppers Alobaldia tobae, Maiestas dorsalis and Stirellus indrus was studied using a scanning electron microscope. The mouthparts are of the typical piercing–sucking type, similar to mouthparts found in other hemipteran insects, and comprise a three-segmented labium with a deep groove in the anterior side, a stylet fascicle consisting of two mandibular and two maxillary stylets, and a small cone-shaped labrum. The mandibular stylets, located laterad of the maxillary stylets, have sculpturing on their tips. The maxillary stylets are interlocked to form a larger food canal and a smaller salivary canal. Sensilla detected on the three leafhopper species were at different locations on the labium. Three kinds of sensilla were found on the Alobaldia tobae and Maiestas dorsalis labium, including two types of sensilla trichodea (I and II), two types of sensilla basiconica (I and II), and one type of sensilla coeloconica (Sco I). Three kinds of sensilla were found on the Stirellus indrus labium, including three types of sensilla trichodea (I, II and III), two types of sensilla basiconica (I and II), and one type of sensilla coeloconica (Sco I). Among them, sensilla trichodea I are the most abundant on all of three species. This is the first report of sensilla coeloconica (Sco I) and sensilla trichodea III on the mouthparts of Deltocephalinae. Sensilla trichodea I (St I) were also found on the surface of the Stirellus indrus labrum, which is also a first report in the Deltocephalinae. These sensilla may be involved in host recognition and are likely chemo- or mechanosensory, or both. The potential functions of the sensilla are discussed. The morphology of mouthparts and the distribution of sensilla on the labium in Alobaldia tobae, Maiestas dorsalis and Stirellus indrus are discussed with respect to their possible functional significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The leafhopper genus Opsius Fieber, 1866 is revised for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Seven species are treated, including three that previously were reported by Dlabola (1979), O. pallasi (Lethierry, 1874), O. tigripes (Lethierry, 1876), and O. versicolor (Distant, 1908). Opsius heydeni (Lethierry, 1876), O. richteri Dlabola 1960, and O. scutellaris (Lethierry, 1874) are reported for the first time from the Kingdom. A new species, O. wilsoni El-Sonbati, sp. nov. is described from the southwestern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A key to the species of Opsius of the Kingdom is also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Mukaria splendida Distant, (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) was first reported in Mukariini. The length of this mitogenome is 16,711 bp, which has an A + T content of 79% (A = 44.5%, T = 34.5%, G = 8.8%, C = 12.2%). A total of 37 genes were annotated [13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNA), and 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA)]. Among the 37 genes, 4 protein coding genes (ND1, ND4, ND4L, ND5), 8 tRNA genes (trnQ, trnC, trnY, trnF, trnH, trnP, trnL2, trnV), and 2 rRNA (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA) were encoded by N chain, and the remaining genes were encoded by J chain. Overall, there were 14 gene overlaps and 9 gene gaps in the mitochondrial genome of this species. All PCGs were started with ATD (ATA/ATT/ATG), and stopped with TAR, except ATP6, which ends with single T. The phylogenetic analysis confirms that M. splendida clustered with other Deltocephalinae species.

The phylogeny of the Pseudosubhimalus were investigated using of two different data sets, including 91 taxa and 3853 aligned nucleotide positions from the histone H3, 28S rDNA (D2 & D9–10 region). The results suggest the placement of genus in the tribe Ciacadulini, as it was clustered with Cicadulini genera. Relationships between genera of the Cicadulini were strongly supported and leads placement to tribe Cicadulini from Athysanini. Along with this, genus Pseudosubhimalus Ghauri is revised, and P. trilobatus sp. nov. (Himachal Pradesh: Katrain) is added, described from Indian subcontinent and deposited to National Pusa Collection, IARI, New Delhi, with repository number RRS1.

Three new species of the endemic leafhopper genus Devolana are described based from Sierra de Tuxcacuesco (Jalisco), Iguala and Zincauro (Guerrero), Mexico. Overall habitus and genital characteristics are extensively illustrated. A map of the known distribution and habitat images are included. A key to known species of Devolana is provided. The studied area and biodiversity implications for arboreal leafhoppers are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phylogeny of the Pseudosubhimalus were investigated using of two different data sets, including 91 taxa and 3853 aligned nucleotide positions from the histone H3, 28S rDNA (D2 & D9-10 region). The results suggest the placement of genus in the tribe Ciacadulini, as it was clustered with Cicadulini genera. Relationships between genera of the Cicadulini were strongly supported and leads placement to tribe Cicadulini from Athysanini. Along with this, genus Pseudosubhimalus Ghauri is revised, and P. trilobatus sp. nov. (Himachal Pradesh: Katrain) is added, described from Indian subcontinent and deposited to National Pusa Collection, IARI, New Delhi, with repository number RRS1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psammotettix aspromontanus n. sp. from Calabria, Aspromonte Massif (southern Italy) is described; the new species is related to P. jenjouristi (Zachvatkin), P.confinis (Dahlbom) and P. viridiconfinis Remane, from wich is separated by the shape of the aedeagus. The only collection site is a boggy meadow at about 1.800 a.s.l.; host plants unknown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Comparative studies of leafhopper mitochondrial genomes suggest that genome rearrangements are very rare in these insects but that nucleotide sequences are informative of phylogenetic relationships at various levels of divergence. A recent study reported that tRNA cluster trnW - trnC - trnY is rearranged to trnC - trnW - trnY in the Aster Leafhopper, Macrosteles quadrilineatus, an economically important North American species. The complete mitochondrial genome of the East Asian species, Macrosteles quadrimaculatus , sequenced and annotated here for the first time, reveals that this species shares the same tRNA rearrangement, suggesting it is a genus-level trait. The entire mitogenome of M. quadrimaculatus is a circular molecule 15,734 bp in size comprising 37 genes and one control region, which is similar to other studied hemipteran mitogenomes. The whole mitogenome sequence shows heavily A + T biased nucleotide composition (77.7%) and moderately positive AT-skews (0.120). Except for the nad5 gene which starts with TTG and ends with incomplete codon T, all protein-coding genes begin with ATN codons and terminate with TAA. All tRNA genes have typical cloverleaf secondary structures, except for trnS1 , in which dihydrouridine (DHU) stem is simplified to form a loop structure. Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequence datasets recovered Macrosteles as monophyletic and sister to the rest of Deltocephalinae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome of Fieberiella septentrionalis was annotated for the first time in the present study. The mitogenome was found to have circular shape, with 16,175 bp in size, containing 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer-RNA genes, 2 ribosomal-RNA genes, and 1 non-coding region. The nucleotide composition biases toward A and T is 77.9% of the entirety, which is a typical structure of Cicadellidae. All PCGs have ATN as the start codon, TAA and single T as the stop codon. The resulting phylogenetic tree confirms that the F. septentrionalis belongs to the subfamily of Deltocephalinae and Fieberiellini as sister to the remaining tribes of this subfamily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the mitogenome characteristics and shed light on the phylogenetic relationships and molecular evolution of Drabescini species, we sequenced and analyzed the complete mitochondrial genome of two species including Drabescus ineffectus and Roxasellana stellata. The complete mitogenomes of D. ineffectus and R. stellata are circular, closed and double-stranded molecules with a total length of 15744 bp and 15361 bp, respectively. These two newly sequenced mitogenomes contain the typical 37 genes. Most protein-coding genes (PCGs) began with the start codon ATN and terminated with the terminal codon TAA or TAG, with an exception of a special initiation codon of ND5, which started with TTG, and an incomplete stop codon T-- was found in the Cytb, COX2, ND1 and ND4. All tRNAs could be folded into the canonical cloverleaf secondary structure except for the trnS1, which lacks the DHU arm and is replaced by a simple loop. The multiple tandem repeat units were found in A + T-control region. The sliding window, Ka/Ks and genetic distance analyses indicated that the ATP8 presents a high variability and fast evolutionary rate compared to other PCGs. Phylogenetic analyses based on three different datasets (PCG123, PCG12R and AA) using both Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods showed strong support for the monophyly of Drabescini.

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the leafhopper species Paralaevicephalus gracilipenis (Dai et al. ) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) are sequenced and annotated. The mitochondrial genome is 16,114 bp, and nucleotide composition of the whole mitogenome is highly A + T biased (A: 42.0%; T: 33.4%, G: 10.3%, C: 14.3). All PCGs started with ATN and stopped with TAN, except COX2, which started with TTG and stopped with single T. The phylogenetic tree confirms that P. gracilipenis and Yanocephalus yanonis are clustered into a clade. This study enriches the mitogenomes of the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae.

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the leafhopper species Abrus expansivus Xing and Li 2014 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) are sequenced and annotated. The mitochondrial genome is 15,904 bp, has an A + T content of 74.7% (A 40.9%; T 33.8% C 14.4%; G 10.9%), which is the classical structure for insect mitogenome. All PCGs started with ATN and stopped with TAN, except COX2 and ND5, ND5 started with TTG and COX2 stopped with single T. The phylogenetic tree confirms that A. expansivus and Norvellina sp are clustered into a clade. This study enriches the mitogenomes of the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae.

The distribution of deltocephaline leafhopper Grypotes puncticollis (Herrich-Shaeffer, 1834) is analyzed, with emphasis on the records of this species from Kazakhstan which are currently defining its eastern border. Host plant records of G.puncticollis are summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]