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2. Magnitude-squared coherence: A powerful tool for disentangling Doppler planet discoveries from stellar activity

Author

Dodson-Robinson, Sarah E., Delgado, Victor Ramirez, Harrell, Justin, and Haley, Charlotte

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

If Doppler searches for earth-mass, habitable planets are to succeed, observers must be able to identify and model out stellar activity signals. Here we demonstrate how to diagnose activity signals by calculating the magnitude-squared coherence $\hat{C}^2_{xy}(f)$ between an activity indicator time series $x_t$ and the radial velocity (RV) time series $y_t$. Since planets only cause modulation in RV, not in activity indicators, a high value of $\hat{C}^2_{xy}(f)$ indicates that the signal at frequency $f$ has a stellar origin. We use Welch's method to measure coherence between activity indicators and RVs in archival observations of GJ 581, alpha Cen B, and GJ 3998. High RV-H$\alpha$ coherence at the frequency of GJ 3998 b, and high RV-S index coherence at the frequency of GJ 3998 c, indicate that the planets may actually be stellar signals. We also replicate previous results showing that GJ 581 d and g are rotation harmonics and demonstrate that alpha Cen B has activity signals that are not associated with rotation. Welch's power spectrum estimates have cleaner spectral windows than Lomb-Scargle periodograms, improving our ability to estimate rotation periods. We find that the rotation period of GJ 581 is 132 days, with no evidence of differential rotation. Welch's method may yield unacceptably large bias for datasets with $N < 75$ observations and works best on datasets with $N > 100$. Tapering the time-domain data can reduce the bias of the Welch's power spectrum estimator, but observers should not apply tapers to datasets with extremely uneven observing cadence. A software package for calculating magnitude-squared coherence and Welch's power spectrum estimates is available on github., Comment: Submitted to AJ, responded to input from referee. 35 pages (29 in main body of article) include 21 figures

Published
2022
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3. The EXPRES Stellar Signals Project II. State of the Field in Disentangling Photospheric Velocities

Author

Zhao, Lily L., Fischer, Debra A., Ford, Eric B., Wise, Alex, Cretignier, Michaël, Aigrain, Suzanne, Barragan, Oscar, Bedell, Megan, Buchhave, Lars A., Camacho, João D., Cegla, Heather M., Cisewski-Kehe, Jessi, Cameron, Andrew Collier, de Beurs, Zoe L., Dodson-Robinson, Sally, Dumusque, Xavier, Faria, João P., Gilbertson, Christian, Haley, Charlotte, Harrell, Justin, Hogg, David W., Holzer, Parker, John, Ancy Anna, Klein, Baptiste, Lafarga, Marina, Lienhard, Florian, Maguire-Rajpaul, Vinesh, Mortier, Annelies, Nicholson, Belinda, Palumbo III, Michael L., Delgado, Victor Ramirez, Shallue, Christopher J., Vanderburg, Andrew, Viana, Pedro T. P., Zhao, Jinglin, Zicher, Norbert, Cabot, Samuel H. C., Henry, Gregory W., Roettenbacher, Rachael M., Brewer, John M., Llama, Joe, Petersburg, Ryan R., and Szymkowiak, Andrew E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Measured spectral shifts due to intrinsic stellar variability (e.g., pulsations, granulation) and activity (e.g., spots, plages) are the largest source of error for extreme precision radial velocity (EPRV) exoplanet detection. Several methods are designed to disentangle stellar signals from true center-of-mass shifts due to planets. The EXPRES Stellar Signals Project (ESSP) presents a self-consistent comparison of 22 different methods tested on the same extreme-precision spectroscopic data from EXPRES. Methods derived new activity indicators, constructed models for mapping an indicator to the needed RV correction, or separated out shape- and shift-driven RV components. Since no ground truth is known when using real data, relative method performance is assessed using the total and nightly scatter of returned RVs and agreement between the results of different methods. Nearly all submitted methods return a lower RV RMS than classic linear decorrelation, but no method is yet consistently reducing the RV RMS to sub-meter-per-second levels. There is a concerning lack of agreement between the RVs returned by different methods. These results suggest that continued progress in this field necessitates increased interpretability of methods, high-cadence data to capture stellar signals at all timescales, and continued tests like the ESSP using consistent data sets with more advanced metrics for method performance. Future comparisons should make use of various well-characterized data sets -- such as solar data or data with known injected planetary and/or stellar signals -- to better understand method performance and whether planetary signals are preserved., Comment: 33 pages (+12 pages of Appendix), 10 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in AJ

Published
2022
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5. A Gaussian Process Regression Reveals No Evidence for Planets Orbiting Kapteyn's Star

Author

Bortle, Anna, Fausey, Hallie, Ji, Jinbiao, Dodson-Robinson, Sarah, Delgado, Victor Ramirez, and Gizis, John

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Radial-velocity (RV) planet searches are often polluted by signals caused by gas motion at the star's surface. Stellar activity can mimic or mask changes in the RVs caused by orbiting planets, resulting in false positives or missed detections. Here we use Gaussian process (GP) regression to disentangle the contradictory reports of planets vs. rotation artifacts in Kapteyn's star (Anglada-Escude et al. 2014, Robertson et al. 2015, Anglada-Escude et al. 2016). To model rotation, we use joint quasi-periodic kernels for the RV and H-alpha signals, requiring that their periods and correlation timescales be the same. We find that the rotation period of Kapteyn's star is 125 days, while the characteristic active-region lifetime is 694 days. Adding a planet to the RV model produces a best-fit orbital period of 100~years, or 10 times the observing time baseline, indicating that the observed RVs are best explained by star rotation only. We also find no significant periodic signals in residual RV data sets constructed by subtracting off realizations of the best-fit rotation model and conclude that both previously reported "planets" are artifacts of the star's rotation and activity. Our results highlight the pitfalls of using sinusoids to model quasi-periodic rotation signals., Comment: 15 pages, including 10 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomical Journal

Published
2021
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6. Modeling the quasiperiodic radial velocity variations of gamma Draconis

Author

Delgado, Victor Ramirez and Dodson-Robinson, Sarah

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

gamma Draconis, a K5III star, showed radial velocity (RV) variations consistent with a 10.7 Jupiter mass planet from 2003-2011. After 2011, the periodic signal decayed, then reappeared with a phase shift. Hatzes et al. (2018) suggested that gamma Dra's RV variations could come from oscillatory convective modes, but did not fit a mathematical model. Here we assess whether a quasi-periodic Gaussian process (GP)---appropriate when spots with finite lifetimes trace underlying periodicity---can explain the RVs. We find that a model with only one quasiperiodic signal is not adequate: we require a second component to fit the data. The best-fit model has quasi-periodic oscillations with P1 = 705 days and P2 = 15 days. The 705-day signal may be caused by magnetic activity. The 15-day period requires further investigation., Comment: to be published in RNAAS

Published
2020

8. Recent Developments in Wastewater Treatments

Author

Andrade-Guel, Marlene Lariza, Cabello-Alvarado, Christian Javier, Cano-Salazar, Lucía Fabiola, Ávila-Orta, Carlos Alberto, Cruz-Delgado, Víctor Javier, Soni, Ravindra, editor, Suyal, Deep Chandra, editor, Morales-Oyervides, Lourdes, editor, and Sungh Chauhan, Jaspal, editor

Published
2023
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11. Measure of gap and inequalities in basic education students proficiencies

Author

Soares, José Francisco, Rodrigues, Erica Castilho, and Delgado, Victor Maia Senna

Subjects
Statistics - Applications
Abstract

This study uses students performance on standardized tests as evidence of the quality of education and introduces a methodology based on the comparison of performance distributions to produce indicators for both the level achieved by the students and the learning gap between social groups, two inseparable dimensions of quality of education. In the first case, the study compares the distribution of the group observed with a reference distribution, which represents an ideal situation of where students should be. In the second, it compares the performance distribution of students belonging to social groups defined by socioeconomic characteristics. This article uses the Kullback-Leibler divergence to characterize the differences between the distributions. This measure takes into account types of diferences not considered by other measures and have solid conceptual justifications. The proposed methodology is used to describe the quality of Brazilian basic education using the test results applied biannually to all Brazilian students of basic education.

Published
2018

15. The Role of the K-loss Coefficients Applied to Finned Tube Heat Exchanger Design.

Author

Canizalez-Dávalos, Lázaro, Murrieta-Luna, Edilberto, Cruz-Delgado, Victor J., Valero-Luna, Claudia Y., and Bañuelos-Frías, Alan

Subjects
HEAT exchangers, PRESSURE drop (Fluid dynamics), PARALLEL electric circuits, FINS (Engineering), WATER distribution
Abstract

This article presents a modified method for designing finned tube heat exchangers based on calculating the K-loss coefficients on the side tube. Besides, a CFD simulation is set up to analyse pressure drop and flow distribution on the staggered tubes. The performance of finned tube heat exchangers depends on several factors, including the number of staggered tubes, tube length, fin pitch, tube pitch, and fin area. Finned tube heat exchangers improve thermal effectiveness, particularly when dealing with gas and liquid fluids. The staggered tube arrangement complicates the prediction of pressure drop on the tube side. Also, two head pipes configure the inlet and outlet flows. The equations for determining pressure drop assume uniform velocity and constant flow distribution throughout the equipment. These correlations do not include the frictional pressure drop caused by the 180° bends welded on the tubes. In addition, equations fail to include the fluid distribution in each parallel circuit of tubes. Considering heat exchanger components as hydraulic resistances in both series and parallel configurations, an equation was developed to sum the K-loss coefficients for the tube bundle, bends, inlet pipe, and outlet pipe. From the hydraulic design results and considering that all tubes distribute water at 93 °C, the next stage consists of the thermal heat exchanger design based on the NTU method to heat air at 50 – 60 ºC. The heat exchanger design is evaluated by comparing the results with an experimental case study. This includes water flow distribution, heat transfer area, hot and cold outlet fluid temperatures, pressure drop and CFD numerical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Clasificación de arritmias car diacas usando redes neuronales convolucionales en muestras de ECG

Author

Astudillo Delgado, Victor Manuel, Revelo Luna, David Armando, Muñoz, Javier Andres, Astudillo Delgado, Victor Manuel, Revelo Luna, David Armando, and Muñoz, Javier Andres

Abstract

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential tool in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, providing valuable information about heart rhythm and function. Traditionally, physicians relied on manually identified heuristic features to detect ECG abnormalities. However, this methodology had limitations in terms of accuracy and reliability. With the aim of improving accuracy in the identification of cardiac arrhythmias, this research focused on the development of models based on convolutional neural networks. Two data sets were used: the PhysioNet MIT-BIH dataset, widely used in the scientific community, and data acquired by the Bio-Tek BP Pump NIBP arrhythmia simulator. Five models were trained with different architectures, including conventional models such as (VGG16, ResNet-50 and AlexNet), as well as two architectures proposed by the authors. All models were trained with the same number of samples and hyperparameter settings. Performance evaluation was performed using common metrics such as precision, recall, F1-score and accuracy. The results showed that the VGG16 architecture was the most effective in classifying cardiac arrhythmias, achieving an accuracy of 98.8% on the MIT-BIH dataset. Furthermore, when evaluating test data from the Bio-Tek BP Pump NIBP simulator, the customize-2 model demonstrated the best performance with an accuracy of 96.3%. These results are promising, as they demonstrate the potential of convolutional neural networks to improve accuracy in the diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias. The models developed in this research could be a useful tool for clinicians in the early detection and appropriate treatment of these cardiovascular conditions., El electrocardiograma (ECG) es una herramienta esencial en el diagnóstico de enfermedades cardiovasculares, proporcionando información valiosa sobre el ritmo y la función del corazón. Tradicionalmente, los médicos se basaban en características heurísticas identificadas manualmente para detectar anomalías en el ECG. Sin embargo, esta metodología presentaba limitaciones en términos de precisión y fiabilidad. Con el objetivo de mejorar la precisión en la identificación de arritmias cardiacas, esta investigación se enfocó en el desarrollo de modelos basados en redes neuronales convolucionales. Se utilizaron dos conjuntos de datos: el dataset PhysioNet MIT-BIH, ampliamente utilizado en la comunidad científica, y datos adquiridos por el simulador de arritmias Bio-Tek BP Pump NIBP. Se entrenaron cinco modelos con diferentes arquitecturas, incluyendo modelos convencionales como VGG16, ResNet-50 y AlexNet, así como dos arquitecturas propuestas por los autores. Todos los modelos se entrenaron con el mismo número de muestras y configuración de hiperparámetros. La evaluación del desempeño se realizó utilizando métricas comunes como exactitud, recall, F1-score y exactitud —accuracy—. Los resultados demostraron que la arquitectura VGG16 fue la más eficaz en la clasificación de arritmias cardiacas, alcanzando una exactitud del 98,8% en el conjunto de datos MIT-BIH. Además, al evaluar los datos de prueba del simulador Bio-Tek BP Pump NIBP, el modelo customize-2 demostró el mejor rendimiento con una exactitud del 96,3%. Estos resultados son prometedores, ya que demuestran el potencial de las redes neuronales convolucionales para mejorar la precisión en el diagnóstico de arritmias cardiacas. Los modelos desarrollados en esta investigación podrían ser una herramienta útil para los médicos en la detección temprana y el tratamiento adecuado de estas afecciones cardiovasculares.

Published
2024

23. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER OFFICES AS PROMOTERS OF TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN MEXICO/ ESCRITORIOS DE TRANSFERENCIA DE TECNOLOGIA COMO PROMOTORES DE TECNOLOGIA, INOVACAO E DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL NO MEXICO/ OFICINAS DE TRANSFERENCIA DE TECNOLOGIA COMO PROMOTORAS DE TECNOLOGIA, INNOVACION Y DESARROLLO REGIONAL EN MEXICO

Author

Beltran-Morales, Luis Felipe, Almendarez-Hernandez, Marco Antonio, Flores-Delgado, Victor, Trejo-Berumen, Karla Suzeth, Lagunas-Vazques, Magdalena, and Ortega-Rubio, Alfredo

Published
2020
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24. Glycosylation-dependent binding of galectin-8 to activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) promotes its surface segregation on breast cancer cells

Author

Fernández, Marisa M., Ferragut, Fátima, Cárdenas Delgado, Víctor M., Bracalente, Candelaria, Bravo, Alicia I., Cagnoni, Alejandro J., Nuñez, Myriam, Morosi, Luciano G., Quinta, Héctor R., Espelt, María V., Troncoso, María F., Wolfenstein-Todel, Carlota, Mariño, Karina V., Malchiodi, Emilio L., Rabinovich, Gabriel A., and Elola, María T.

Published
2016
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25. Clasificación de arritmias cardiacas usando redes neuronales convolucionales en muestras de ECG.

Author

Astudilo-Delgado, Victor Manuel, Revelo-Luna, David Armando, and Muñoz-Chaves, Javier Andrés

Subjects
*CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks, *DIAGNOSIS, *PHYSICIANS, *SCIENTIFIC community, *MEDICAL personnel
Abstract

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential tool in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, providing valuable information about heart rhythm and function. Traditionally, physicians relied on manually identified heuristic features to detect ECG abnormalities. However, this methodology had limitations in terms of accuracy and reliability. With the aim of improving accuracy in the identification of cardiac arrhythmias, this research focused on the development of models based on convolutional neural networks. Two data sets were used: the PhysioNet MIT-BIH dataset, widely used in the scientific community, and data acquired by the Bio-Tek BP Pump NIBP arrhythmia simulator. Five models were trained with different architectures, including conventional models such as (VGG16, ResNet-50 and AlexNet), as well as two architectures proposed by the authors. All models were trained with the same number of samples and hyperparameter settings. Performance evaluation was performed using common metrics such as precision, recall, F1-score and accuracy. The results showed that the VGG16 architecture was the most effective in classifying cardiac arrhythmias, achieving an accuracy of 98.8% on the MIT-BIH dataset. Furthermore, when evaluating test data from the Bio-Tek BP Pump NIBP simulator, the customize-2 model demonstrated the best performance with an accuracy of 96.3%. These results are promising, as they demonstrate the potential of convolutional neural networks to improve accuracy in the diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias. The models developed in this research could be a useful tool for clinicians in the early detection and appropriate treatment of these cardiovascular conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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26. Supplementary Tables 1-2 from A Unique Galectin Signature in Human Prostate Cancer Progression Suggests Galectin-1 as a Key Target for Treatment of Advanced Disease

Author

Laderach, Diego J., primary, Gentilini, Lucas D., primary, Giribaldi, Laura, primary, Delgado, Victor Cardenas, primary, Nugnes, Lorena, primary, Croci, Diego O., primary, Al Nakouzi, Nader, primary, Sacca, Paula, primary, Casas, Gabriel, primary, Mazza, Osvaldo, primary, Shipp, Margaret A., primary, Vazquez, Elba, primary, Chauchereau, Anne, primary, Kutok, Jeffery L., primary, Rodig, Scott J., primary, Elola, María T., primary, Compagno, Daniel, primary, and Rabinovich, Gabriel A., primary

Published
2023
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27. Supplementary Figures 1-2 from A Unique Galectin Signature in Human Prostate Cancer Progression Suggests Galectin-1 as a Key Target for Treatment of Advanced Disease

Author

Laderach, Diego J., primary, Gentilini, Lucas D., primary, Giribaldi, Laura, primary, Delgado, Victor Cardenas, primary, Nugnes, Lorena, primary, Croci, Diego O., primary, Al Nakouzi, Nader, primary, Sacca, Paula, primary, Casas, Gabriel, primary, Mazza, Osvaldo, primary, Shipp, Margaret A., primary, Vazquez, Elba, primary, Chauchereau, Anne, primary, Kutok, Jeffery L., primary, Rodig, Scott J., primary, Elola, María T., primary, Compagno, Daniel, primary, and Rabinovich, Gabriel A., primary

Published
2023
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28. Data from A Unique Galectin Signature in Human Prostate Cancer Progression Suggests Galectin-1 as a Key Target for Treatment of Advanced Disease

Author

Laderach, Diego J., primary, Gentilini, Lucas D., primary, Giribaldi, Laura, primary, Delgado, Victor Cardenas, primary, Nugnes, Lorena, primary, Croci, Diego O., primary, Al Nakouzi, Nader, primary, Sacca, Paula, primary, Casas, Gabriel, primary, Mazza, Osvaldo, primary, Shipp, Margaret A., primary, Vazquez, Elba, primary, Chauchereau, Anne, primary, Kutok, Jeffery L., primary, Rodig, Scott J., primary, Elola, María T., primary, Compagno, Daniel, primary, and Rabinovich, Gabriel A., primary

Published
2023
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30. Apoyo al diagnóstico de neumonía y detección de opacidades pulmonares usando segmentación e instancias semánticas en imágenes de rayos X de tórax

Author

ASTUDILLO DELGADO, VICTOR MANUEL and REVELO LUNA, DAVID ARMANDO

Subjects
intersección sobre la unión, Resnet5o, convolutional neural networks, radiological society of North America, Sociedad Radiológica de Norteamérica, aumento de datos, redes neuronales convolucionales, data augmentation, junctional intersection
Abstract

Resumen La neumonía es una enfermedad que ha causado gran cantidad de muertes a nivel mundial. Los métodos de detección de neumonía: pruebas de sangre, prueba de esputo, tomografía computarizada y las radiografías (RX) de tórax en general requieren de un médico especialista y tiempo para su análisis. El objetivo de esta investigación fue generar un modelo basado en instancias semánticas y aprendizaje profundo (Mask-RCNN) que permita el apoyo en el diagnóstico de opacidades pulmonares y neumonía. Usando i2 o24 imágenes de radiografías de rayos X de tórax se realizaron 3 experimentos, en los que se variaron las condiciones de las imágenes del dataset (expi: imágenes RX pacientes con neumonía, exp2: imágenes RX pacientes sanos y con neumonía, exp3: imágenes RX pacientes sanos y con neumonía, más data augmentation). Para los 3 experimentos se realizó un preprocesamiento de ecualización de histograma. Para evaluar el desempeño de los modelos de identificación de opacidades y clasificación de pacientes con neumonía, se utilizaron los parámetros intersección sobre la unión, precisión, recall, F1score y accuracy. Se encontró que la métrica de mejor desempeño fue recall para el experimento i tanto para la detección de opacidades como de neumonía. Abstract Pneumonia is a disease that has caused many deaths worldwide. Pneumonia detection methods: blood tests, sputum test, CT scan, and chest X-rays, generally require a specialist doctor for analysis. The objective of this research was to generate a model, based on semantic instances and deep learning (Mask-RCNN), that allows for support in the diagnosis of pulmonary opacities and pneumonia, using i2 o24 images of chest X-ray radiographs. 3 experiments were carried out, where the conditions of the dataset images were varied (expi: patients with pneumonia, exp2: healthy, and, also, pneumonia patients, exp3: healthy, and, also, pneumonia patients, plus data augmentation). For all 3 experiments, a histogram equalization pre-processing technique was performed. In order to evaluate the performance of the models, the parameters Intersection on the Union, Precision, Recall, Fi score, and Accuracy were used. In the identification of pulmonary opacities in the images, and for the classification of patients with pneumonia from healthy ones, Recall was found to be the best performing metric for experiment i, for both opacity and pneumonia detection.

Published
2022
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35. The EXPRES Stellar Signals Project II. State of the Field in Disentangling Photospheric Velocities

Author

Zhao, Lily L., primary, Fischer, Debra A., additional, Ford, Eric B., additional, Wise, Alex, additional, Cretignier, Michaël, additional, Aigrain, Suzanne, additional, Barragan, Oscar, additional, Bedell, Megan, additional, Buchhave, Lars A., additional, Camacho, João D., additional, Cegla, Heather M., additional, Cisewski-Kehe, Jessi, additional, Collier Cameron, Andrew, additional, de Beurs, Zoe L., additional, Dodson-Robinson, Sally, additional, Dumusque, Xavier, additional, Faria, João P., additional, Gilbertson, Christian, additional, Haley, Charlotte, additional, Harrell, Justin, additional, Hogg, David W., additional, Holzer, Parker, additional, John, Ancy Anna, additional, Klein, Baptiste, additional, Lafarga, Marina, additional, Lienhard, Florian, additional, Maguire-Rajpaul, Vinesh, additional, Mortier, Annelies, additional, Nicholson, Belinda, additional, Palumbo, Michael L., additional, Ramirez Delgado, Victor, additional, Shallue, Christopher J., additional, Vanderburg, Andrew, additional, Viana, Pedro T. P., additional, Zhao, Jinglin, additional, Zicher, Norbert, additional, Cabot, Samuel H. C., additional, Henry, Gregory W., additional, Roettenbacher, Rachael M., additional, Brewer, John M., additional, Llama, Joe, additional, Petersburg, Ryan R., additional, and Szymkowiak, Andrew E., additional

Published
2022
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36. Influence of carbon structures on the properties and photodegradation of LDPE / LLDPE films

Author

López‐Martínez, Erick Daniel, primary, Martínez‐Colunga, Juan Guillermo, additional, Ramírez‐Vargas, Eduardo, additional, Sanchez‐Valdes, Saul, additional, Ramos ‐de Valle, Luis Francisco, additional, Benavides‐Cantu, Roberto, additional, Rodríguez‐Gonzalez, Jose Alberto, additional, Mata‐Padilla, Jose Manuel, additional, Cruz‐Delgado, Victor Javier, additional, Borjas‐Ramos, Jose Javier, additional, and Da Silva, Luciano, additional

Published
2022
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43. Estrategias Virtuales de Bienestar Estudiantil Enfocadas en la Educación Sexual y la Prevención del Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas en los Estudiantes de Grado Noveno

Author

Londoño-Delgado, Victor Alexis, Pimienta-Valencia, Paola Andrea, and Rueda-Rueda, Luz Marina

Subjects
Proyectos Educativos Transversales, Educación Sexual, Bienestar Estudiantil, Tecnología de la Educación, Prevención del Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas, Student Wellness, Formación de la Identidad, Sexual Education, Prevention of Psychoactive Substance Use, Identity Formation, Transversal Educational Projects, Education Technology
Abstract

Digital, La investigación se realizó en la institución Francisco Antonio Zea de Pradera Valle del Cauca, se enfoca en la implementación de un curso virtual de bienestar orientado en la educación sexual y la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas para estudiantes de grado noveno. Buscó mejorar la oferta de bienestar estudiantil. Las problemáticas sociales influyen en los espacios de la escuela, por eso se considera que abordar el bienestar desde un enfoque educativo, permite disminuir problemas tales como la deserción escolar, los conflictos en la convivencia y la drogodependencia. El objetivo fue diseñar una estrategia virtual de bienestar enfocada en la educación sexual y la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. La metodología usada es cualitativa descriptiva, puesto que detalla el impacto y la percepción del bienestar estudiantil desarrollado a través de estrategias virtuales con un diseño transversal que permitió focalizar las problemática actuales. Después de la implementación del curso se obtuvo como resultado la formación de los estudiantes en algunas competencias sobre la educación sexual y en la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, fortaleciendo principalmente la toma responsable de decisiones. Se concluye que es de suma importancia implementar en las instituciones educativas los programas de prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y el desarrollo del proyecto de educación sexual que incluya todas las áreas de formación, así mismo, la vinculación de los padres en la misma. Es necesario que se organice una política que permita el acceso a la conectividad. La implementación del presente proyecto tuvo en cuenta el contexto, intereses y problemáticas sociales que enfrentan los estudiantes, por ello se buscó trabajar competencias generales procurando brindar una educación integral., The research was carried out at the Francisco Antonio Zea, institution in Pradera Valle del Cauca, it focuses on the implementation of a virtual wellness course aimed in sexual education and the prevention of psychoactive substances use for nineth grade students. It sought to improve the offer of student welfare. Social problems influence the spaces of the school, which is why it is considered that addressing wellness from a student educational approach allows reducing problems such as school dropout, conflicts in coexistence and drug addiction. The objective was to design a virtual wellness strategy focused on sexual education and the prevention of psychoactive substance use. The methodology used is qualitative descriptive, since it details the impact and perception of student well-being developed through virtual strategies with transversal design that allowed us to focus on current problems. After the implementation of the course, the training of students in some competencies on sexual education and on the prevention of psychoactive substance use was obtained, mainly strengthening responsible decision-making. It is concluded that it is extremely important to implement psychoactive substances prevention programs in educational institutions and the development of a sexual education project that includes all areas of training, as well as the involvement of parents on it. It is necessary to organize a policy that allows access to connectivity. The implementation of this project took into account the context, interests and social problems faced by the students, for this reason it sought to work on general competences trying to provide a comprehensive educatio, Maestría, Magíster en Tecnologías Digitales Aplicadas a la Educación, 1°ed, INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................... 27 1. PRESENTACIÓN DEL TRABAJO DE GRADO ............................................... 28 1.1 PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA ................................................. 28 1.1.1 Descripción de la situación problema……………………………………28 1.1.2. Identificación del problema………………………………….……………33 1.1.3 Pregunta problema…………………………………………….…………..34 1.2 ALCANCE ........................................................................................... 34 1.3 JUSTIFICACIÓN ................................................................................. 35 1.4 OBJETIVOS ........................................................................................ 37 1.4.1 Objetivo general .................................................................................. 37 1.4.2 Objetivos específicos ......................................................................... 37 2 BASES TEÓRICAS ......................................................................................... 38 2.1 ESTADO DEL ARTE………………………………………………………38 2.1.1 Antecedentes históricos…………………………………………………..38 2.1.2 Antecedentes legales……………………………………………………..42 2.1.3 Antecedentes investigativos……………………………………………...45 2.2 MARCO REFERENCIAL………………………………………………….50 2.2.1 Marco Teórico……………………………………………………………...50 2.2.2 Marco Conceptual…………………………………………………………54 2.3 Marco tecnológico………………………………………………………….72 3 DISEÑO METODOLÓGICO ............................................................................ 75 3.1 TIPO DE INVESTIGACIÓN................................................................. 75 3.2 HIPÓTESIS ......................................................................................... 77 3.3 VARIABLES O CATEGORÍAS ............................................................ 77 3.4 OPERACIONALIZACIÓN DE VARIABLES O DESCRIPCIÓN DE CATEGORÍAS ................................................................................................. 78 3.5 POBLACIÓN Y MUESTRA ................................................................. 80 3.5.1 Población Diana……………………………………………………………80 3.5.2 Característica de la población elegible………………………………….80 3.6 PROCEDIMIENTO .............................................................................. 82 3.7 INSTRUMENTOS DE RECOLECCIÓN DE INFORMACIÓN .............. 84 3.7.1 Encuesta sobre el consumo de Sustancias psicoactivas……………..84 3.7.2 Encuesta sobre Sexualidad………………………………………………84 3.7.3 Encuesta sobre el bienestar estudiantil…………………………………84 3.7.4 Encuesta de satisfacción de los usuarios de las estrategias virtuales de bienestar estudiantil…………………………………………84 3.8 TÉCNICAS DE ANÁLISIS DE DATOS ............................................... 85 4 CONSIDERACIONES ÉTICAS ....................................................................... 86 5 DIAGNÓSTICO INICIAL .................................................................................. 87 5.1 Encuesta sociodemográfica………………………………………………87 5.2 Encuesta sobre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas……………..94 5.3 Encuesta sobre la educación sexual………………………………….100 5.4 Encuesta sobre bienestar estudiantil………………………………..... 107 5. 5 Conclusiones generales…………………………………………………112 6 ESTRUCTURA DE LA PROPUESTA DE INTERVENCIÓN………. 113 6.1 PROPUESTA PEDAGÓGICA ............................................................ 114 6.1.1 Componentes e hilos conductores del Programa de educación para la sexualidad y construcción de la ciudadanía (MEN, 2008)……114 6.1.2 Componentes generales para el proyecto de educación sexual……..115 6.1.3 Estándares básicos de competencias ciudadana para el proyecto…115 6.1.4 Competencias específicas………………………………………………..116 6.1.5 Aprendizaje esperado del curso………………………………………….118 6.1.6 Criterios de evaluación…………………………………………………….118 6.1.7 Contenidos globales……………………………………………………….119 6.1.8 Estrategias didácticas a implementar el en aula virtual……………….120 6.2 COMPONENTE TECNOLÓGICO………………………………………. 122 6.2.1 Contextualización del uso del aula virtual……………………………….122 6.2.2 Porcentaje de evaluación de la estrategia………………………………123 6.2.3 Secuencia de contenidos y actividades del aula……………………….125 6.3 IMPLEMENTACIÓN ........................................................................... 148 6.3.1 Descripción del Proceso de la Unidad 1. Bienestar del ser humano...149 6.3.2 Descripción del proceso de la unidad 2. Educación sexual…………..166 6.3.3 Descripción del proceso de la unidad 3. Prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas……………………………………………….176 7 ANÁLISIS E INTERPRETACIÓN DE DATOS ............................................... 189 7.1 Resultados de la propuesta de intervención……………………………189 7.1.2 Análisis de la participación en los encuentros virtuales y el desarrollo de competencias por medio de la realización de las actividades académicas propuestas en la plataforma y organizadas en unidades………………………………………………...191 7.2 Resultados de la encuesta de satisfacción……………………………..209 8 CONCLUSIONES .......................................................................................... 222 9 LIMITACIONES ............................................................................................. 226 10 IMPACTO / RECOMENDACIONES / TRABAJOS FUTUROS ................... 228 BIBLIOGRAFÍA .................................................................................................... 230 ANEXOS .............................................................................................................. 243

Published
2020

48. High proportion of T-Cell systemic Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in HIV-infected patients in Lima, Peru

Author

Collins, Jaime A., Villena, Juan, Sumire, Julia, Delgado, Victor, Salazar, Raul, Hernandez, Adrian V., and Hidalgo, Jose A.

Subjects
T cells -- Research, Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas -- Genetic aspects, HIV infection -- Drug therapy, Genetic research, Health
Abstract

A report that describes the clinical and pathological characteristics of HIV-related systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma (sNHL) in developing countries like Lima and Peru is presented. A high proportion of T-cell sNHL cases were found at an HIV reference-center in Peru, though B-cell and T-cell lymphoma patients had similar clinical characteristics, T-cell lymphoma was less aggressive and had a better survival rate than those of B-cell lymphoma.

Published
2005

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