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Abstract: Employees can view themselves as active participants in corporate social responsibility (CSR), and often view CSR as an in-role job expectation. Using role theory, this research provides a theoretical [...]

This study examines the influential role that organizational cynicism plays in understanding the relationship between ethical leadership and deviant work behavior. Scant research has addressed leadership or personality traits in determining organizational cynicism and its relationship to important outcomes such as deviant work behavior. An interactive effect of ethical leadership and conscientiousness is examined to determine if conscientious individuals are more or less prone to become organizational cynics based on the presence or absence of ethical leadership. The results suggest that conscientious individuals are less likely to rely on ethical leadership to prevent organizational cynicism and subsequent deviant behaviors. Conversely, individuals with lower levels of conscientiousness are more sensitive to ethical leadership and are more likely to respond as cynics, and with subsequent deviant behaviors. That is, individuals with higher levels of conscientiousness do not need ethical role models to prevent cynicism and deviant behaviors nearly as much as those who have lower levels of conscientiousness. The results provide important insights into how, and when, ethical leadership affects deviant workplace behavior. Keywords: organizational cynicism, ethical leadership, workplace deviance, As the employees filed into the meeting room, they awaited the Vice President of their division to announce the reason for the meeting. 'We are here today to discuss the [...]

In this study, we present an analysis of the impacts of high tech economic growth on the incidence of critical housing problems among all households and among moderateincome working families in major metropolitan areas. We rely on data from the 1999 American Housing Survey, supplemented with data from the State of the Cities 2000, Landis and Elmer (2001), and Burby et al. (2000). Overall, we found that the level of high tech activity impacts, positively and significantly, the incidence of critical housing problems for all households and for moderate-income working households, regardless of tenure. Consistent with anecdotal information about the problems of working families, we found stronger impacts on moderate-income working households than on all households. We conclude that housing policy should be broadened to address the problems of working families as well as those of the poor, especially when dealing with problems arising from rapid economic growth.

This article examines voter rights, voter exclusion, and democracy in the US from historical and ideological perspectives. The contention is that voter exclusion is not the issue but a symptom of larger problems of the anti-democratic institutions of separation (dominator hierarchies), including nationalism (e.g., white supremacy and Christian nationalism), militarism, imperialism, and imperial capitalism. Voter exclusion, particularly aimed at Black and other non-white people, and their allies, and the suppression of democracy are traced through four eras: the establishment of the US 1600s-1850s), emancipation and Jim Crow (1865-1930s), protest movements (late 1940s-1990s), and Trumpism (21st Century-present). A continuity in extensive voter exclusion and antidemocratic policies and practices, and the rise the US as the dominant imperial power is demonstrated. Problems are both systemic and ontological. Thus, a multi-pronged integral approach for democratizing US society is proposed. Essential to this approach is ideological paradigm shifts in politics, economics, philosophy, science, and spirituality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identification of structural equation models remains a challenge to many researchers. Although empirical tests of identification are readily available in structural equation modeling software, these examine local identification and rely on sample estimates of parameters. Rules of identification are available, but do not include all models encountered in practice. In this article we provide 2 rules of identification: the "2+ emitted paths rule" and the "exogenous X rule". The former is a necessary condition of identification and the latter is a sufficient condition. We explain and prove each of these rules and provide illustrations of their application. These rules extend the coverage of structural equation models that we can check for identification. We also explain how they can be part of a piecewise identification strategy that extends their use even further. (Contains 7 figures and 8 footnotes.)

We discuss the identification, estimation, and testing of structural equation models that have causal indicators. We first provide 2 rules of identification that are particularly helpful in models with causal indicators--the 2C emitted paths rule and the exogenous X rule. We demonstrate how these rules can help us distinguish identified from underidentified models. Estimation and testing of identified models with causal indicators is straightforward. For underidentified models with causal indicators we develop "partially reduced form" and "zero error variance" models that are implied by the original model and use these to estimate and test aspects of the original model. We can test the overall fit of the model, the proportionality constraints sometimes implied by a latent variable with causal indicators, and the statistical significance of parameter estimates. Two empirical examples illustrate the procedures. Our results substantiate that it is feasible to incorporate causal indicators in modeling efforts. (Contains 9 figures and 23 footnotes.)

Argues that despite good intentions, Ernest Boyer's "Scholarship Reconsidered" fails as an analysis of and recipe for change in the university because it ignores the broader socioeconomic context within which it functions. Another conceptual model for promoting real change in the university, using a systems approach, is offered, and implications of its use are discussed. (Author/MSE)