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Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) causes a decrease in aerobic capacity, respiratory muscle strength, and cognitive function, negatively affecting health-related quality of life., Objectives: This study aimed to compare aerobic capacity, respiratory muscle strength, cognitive performance, functional capacity, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in OSAS patients practicing and not practicing tele-yoga (TY)., Methods: 44 OSAS patients (40 M, 4F) were randomized into TY and control groups. TY group underwent live synchronous group-based TY sessions, 60 min/day, three days/week, for 12 weeks. Control group performed unsupervised thoracic expansion exercises at home 4 times daily for 12 weeks. The following were evaluated at baseline and at the end of the 6th and 12th weeks: inspiratory and expiratory respiratory muscle strength (MIP, MEP), cardiopulmonary exercise test, Corsi Block Tapping Test (CBTT) and Stroop TBAG test, six-minute walk test (6MWT), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)., Results: TY significantly improved MIP, and exercise test parameters (VE, HR max ,%HR, heart rate recovery in the first minute and RQ max ), CBTT (forward) and Stroop TBAG test scores (parts of 3,4,5) compared to the controls (p<0.05). There were no significant changes 6MWT in the TY group compared to the control group (p > 0.05). Sleep duration (min), sleep efficiency, sleep quality of PSQI and ESS score improved significantly in the TY group compared to the control group (p < 0.05)., Conclusion: We suggest including TY intervention as a method of exercise in addition to CPAP treatments since it improves the health-related parameters of OSAS patients., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors have no financial or personal relationship with this article that may cause a conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Alkylated imidazopyridines are crucial structures for medicinal chemistry. Here, an efficient method for the C3-H alkylation of imidazopyridines was devised. Under Lewis acid-catalyzed conditions, reactions of imidazopyridines with different donor-acceptor cyclopropanes were carried out. Finally, 1,3-bisfunctionalizaton of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes was performed. In addition, synthesized C3-alkylated imidazopyridines are amenable for diverse synthetic applications.

In this study, a new tetraphenylethene derivative bearing triazole and pyridine moieties (TPE-TAP) was synthesized using click chemistry. The fluorescence sensing properties of TPE-TAP were investigated in almost 100% aqueous media. For this purpose, first of all, structural characterization of the newly synthesized compound TPE-TAP was performed by NMR and HRMS analyses. Then, the optical behavior of TPE-TAP was investigated in different ratios of a THF-water mixture (0-98%). The obtained results showed that the best fluorescence for TPE-TAP was observed in the presence of 98% water in the medium. Then, the ion selectivity of TPE-TAP was determined using 19 different cations in the THF-water medium (2 : 98 v/v%). It was observed that among the cations studied, only Fe 3+ quenched the fluorescence of TPE-TAP. The detection limit and binding constant values of TPE-TAP for Fe 3+ were calculated as 1.3 μM and 26.65 M -2 , respectively, from the graph results of the decrease in the fluorescence intensity of TPE-TAP in the presence of Fe 3+ at different concentrations. In addition, the study investigating the selectivity of TPE-TAP in the presence of 18 cations other than Fe 3+ showed that none of the studied cations interfered with Fe 3+ . Practical application of TPE-TAP was also carried out using a commercial iron drug. All results showed that TPE-TAP is a fluorometric sensor highly selective, sensitive, and suitable for practical application for Fe 3+ ions in aqueous medium.

The primary aim of the current study is to analyze the clinical, laboratory, and demographic data comparing the patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted to our intensive care unit before and after the UK variant was first diagnosed in December 2020. The secondary objective was to describe a treatment approach for COVID-19. Between Mar 12, 2020, and Jun 22, 2021, 159 patients with COVID-19 were allocated into 2 groups: the variant negative group (77 patients before December 2020) and the variant positive group (82 patients after December 2020). The statistical analyses included early and late complications, demographic data, symptoms, comorbidities, intubation and mortality rates, and treatment options. Regarding early complications, unilateral pneumonia was more common in the variant (-) group (P = .019), whereas bilateral pneumonia was more common in the variant (+) group (P < .001). Regarding late complications, only cytomegalovirus pneumonia was observed more frequently in the variant (-) group (P = .023), whereas secondary gram (+) infection, pulmonary fibrosis (P = .048), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (P = .017), and septic shock (P = .051) were more common in the variant (+) group. The therapeutic approach showed significant differences in the second group such as plasma exchange and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation which is more commonly used in the variant (+) group. Although mortality and intubation rates did not differ between the groups, severe challenging early and late complications were observed mainly in the variant (+) group, necessitating invasive treatment options. We hope that our data from the pandemic will shed light on this field. Regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, it is clear that there is much to be done to deal with future pandemics., Competing Interests: The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on choroidal structural changes and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients with OSAS., Methods: Choroidal structural changes in patients with OSAS immediately after diagnosis and 12 months after CPAP treatment were evaluated and compared with healthy controls. The choroidal images on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) were binarized into luminal area (LA) and stromal area (SA) using the ImageJ software. CVI was calculated as the ratio of LA to total choroid area (TCA). The correlations between the results of polysomnography (PSG) and choroidal parameters were evaluated., Results: A total of 48 eyes of 48 patients (22 patients with OSAS, and 26 controls) were included. The mean age of the patients was 47.21 ± 8.82 (range, 30-63) years. The mean CVI values were 68.10 ± 1.80% in the OSAS group before CPAP therapy, and 69.22 ± 1.40% in the control group (p < 0.05). After 12 months of regular CPAP therapy, the mean CVI value increased significantly to 69.15 ± 1.77%, and SA decreased significantly from 0.51 ± 0.07 mm 2 to 0.48 ± 0.07 mm 2 in the OSAS group (p < 0.05). No statistically significant correlation was found between the results of PSG and choroidal structural parameters., Conclusion: According to our results, OSAS was associated with increased stromal oedema in the choroid, which improved after 12 months of regular CPAP therapy. CVI can be an important parameter for the follow-up of patients with OSAS., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Royal College of Ophthalmologists.)

Objective: Smoking commonly leads to death. Although the neutrophil/lymphocyte Ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio and platelet indices have been shown to be important for the diagnosis, prognosis and severity of some diseases, the smoking status of patients in these studies has not been well defined. In this study, we compared ratios derived from complete blood count and platelet indices to smoking status and length in smokers and non-smokers., Patients and Methods: The data of healthy males and females aged between 18-60 years who presented to our institute for a routine check-up were collected, and subjects were divided in two groups - smokers and non-smokers. The presence of medical history or laboratory results which could affect inflammatory response, formed our exclusion criteria. All complete blood count results were noted and persons' smoking habits were calculated as pack/years., Results: White blood cell, neutrophil, basophil and eosinophil counts; mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were significantly higher in smokers when compared to non-smokers (p<0.05). When smokers were grouped according to smoking habits; positive linear correlations were detected between pack/year and Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and also pack/year and plateletcrit in smokers (p<0.05)., Conclusions: Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio increases in correlation with pack/year while platelet/lymphocyte ratio is not affected and platelet distribution width is increased in smokers. If smokers are not excluded from studies evaluating neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet distribution width, the relationship between smoking status as well as pack/year must be determined and reported.