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257 results on '"DRAGO, VALERIA"'

4. Spatial-Attention and Emotional Evocation: Line Bisection Performance and Visual Art Emotional Evocation

Author

Drago, Valeria, Finney, Glen R., and Foster, Paul S.

Abstract

Lesion studies demonstrate that the right temporal-parietal region (RTP) is important for mediating spatial attention. The RTP is also involved in emotional experiences that can be evoked by art. Normal people vary in their ability to allocate spatial attention, thus, people who can better allocate attention might also be more influenced by the emotional messages of the paintings (evocative impact). Seventeen healthy participants bisected an unlabeled 100 mm line and their performance on this task was used to create two groups, individuals who were more (mALB) and less accurate (lALB). These participants also judged 10 paintings on five qualities, Evocative Impact, Aesthetics, Novelty, Technique, and Closure by marking a 100 mm line from 1 (low degree) to 10 (high degree). An ANOVA indicated differences in accuracy on the line bisection (LB) between the two groups. Additional ANOVAs, using the quality ratings as the dependent measure, revealed that the mALB group scored the Evocative Impact greater than the lALB group. These results suggest that the differences in attentional bias between the two groups, as indicated by their LB performance, might influence their evocative impact or reactions and also be a "barometer" of other RTP functions, including emotional processing.

Published
2008
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5. The Effects of Movement Direction and Hemispace on Estimates of Distance Traveled

Author

Foster, Paul S., Crucian, Gregory P., and Drago, Valeria

Abstract

Background/Hypothesis: The degree of attention directed to a stimulus and the presence of anisometric representations can alter the perception of the magnitude of a stimulus. We wanted to learn if normal right-handed subjects' estimates of distance traveled are influenced by the right-left direction or hemispace of movements. Methods: We had blindfolded participants estimate the distance their arm was moved in a rightward or leftward direction, in right and left hemispace. Since we wanted subjects to estimate the distance traveled rather than compute the distance between the start and finish points, the subjects' arms were passively moved in sinusoidal trajectories at a constant speed. Results: Subjects estimated leftward movements as longer than rightward movements, but there was no effect of hemispace. Comments/Conclusions: People often attend more to novel than routine conditions and therefore participants might have overestimated the distance associated with leftward versus rightward movement because right-handed people more frequently move their right hand in a rightward direction and learn to read and write using rightward movements. Thus, leftward movements might be more novel and more attended than rightward movements and this enhanced directional attention might have influenced estimates of magnitude (distance).

Published
2007
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28. Aspetti radiografici ed ecografici delle sindromi occlusive/sub occlusive intestinali da corpo estraneo nel cane e nel gatto. Revisione critica della casistica del periodo 2000-2007

Author

MENNONNA, GIUSEPPINA, LAMAGNA, FRANCESCO, FATONE, GERARDO, LAMAGNA, BARBARA, DRAGO, VALERIA, NAVAS, LUIGI, MEOMARTINO, LEONARDO, Mennonna, Giuseppina, Lamagna, Francesco, Fatone, Gerardo, Lamagna, Barbara, Drago, Valeria, Navas, Luigi, and Meomartino, Leonardo

Subjects
sindrome occlusiva7subocclusiva, corpo estraneo, intestino, gatto, cane
Abstract

la diagnostica per immagini svolge un ruolo fondamentale per il trattamento dei piccoli animali affetti da parziale o completa occlusione intestinale da corpo estraneo. diversi studi hanno descritto la sensibilità e la specificità degli esami addominali radiografici ed ecografici, ma è attualmente sottovalutata l'incidenza di questa sindrome e gli aspetti radiografici ed ecografici che la contraddistinguono. pertanto, lo scopo di questo studio è stato quello di valutare l'incidenza delle occlusioni intestinali e i quadri radiografici ed ecografici specifici nei piccoli animali. il nostro studio evidenzia che, in caso di sospetto di occlusione intestinale da corpo estraneo l'esame ecografico può essere più affidabile dell'esame radiografico. inoltre, il nostro studio evidenzia che le occlusioni da corpo estraneo presentano una bassa incidenza presso il nostro bacino di utenza e che l'incidenza è maggiore nei cani maschi e nei gatti sterilizzati.

Published
2008

33. Valutazione tc delle meningoencefalomieliti nel cane

Author

DRAGO, VALERIA, FATONE, GERARDO, TESTA, ALESSANDRO, REALE, SALVATORE, PACIELLO, ORLANDO, Drago, Valeria, Fatone, Gerardo, Testa, Alessandro, Reale, Salvatore, and Paciello, Orlando

Published
2007

34. Spreading activation in nonverbal memory networks

Author

Foster, Paul S., Wakefield, Candias, Pryjmak, Scott, Roosa, Katelyn M., Branch, Kaylei K., Drago, Valeria, Ruff, Ronald, Harrison, David W., Foster, Paul S., Wakefield, Candias, Pryjmak, Scott, Roosa, Katelyn M., Branch, Kaylei K., Drago, Valeria, Ruff, Ronald, and Harrison, David W.

Abstract

Theories of spreading activation primarily involve semantic memory networks. However, the existence of separate verbal and visuospatial memory networks suggests that spreading activation may also occur in visuospatial memory networks. The purpose of the present investigation was to explore this possibility. Specifically, this study sought to create and describe the design frequency corpus and to determine whether this measure of visuospatial spreading activation was related to right hemisphere functioning and spreading activation in verbal memory networks. We used word frequencies taken from the Controlled Oral Word Association Test and design frequencies taken from the Ruff Figural Fluency Test as measures of verbal and visuospatial spreading activation, respectively. Average word and design frequencies were then correlated with measures of left and right cerebral functioning. The results indicated that a significant relationship exists between performance on a test of right posterior functioning (Block Design) and design frequency. A significant negative relationship also exists between spreading activation in semantic memory networks and design frequency. Based on our findings, the hypotheses were supported. Further research will need to be conducted to examine whether spreading activation exists in visuospatial memory networks as well as the parameters that might modulate this spreading activation, such as the influence of neurotransmitters.

Published
2016
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35. Spreading activation in nonverbal memory networks

Author

Psychology, Foster, Paul S., Wakefield, Candias, Pryjmak, Scott, Roosa, Katelyn M., Branch, Kaylei K., Drago, Valeria, Ruff, Ronald, Harrison, David W., Psychology, Foster, Paul S., Wakefield, Candias, Pryjmak, Scott, Roosa, Katelyn M., Branch, Kaylei K., Drago, Valeria, Ruff, Ronald, and Harrison, David W.

Abstract

Theories of spreading activation primarily involve semantic memory networks. However, the existence of separate verbal and visuospatial memory networks suggests that spreading activation may also occur in visuospatial memory networks. The purpose of the present investigation was to explore this possibility. Specifically, this study sought to create and describe the design frequency corpus and to determine whether this measure of visuospatial spreading activation was related to right hemisphere functioning and spreading activation in verbal memory networks. We used word frequencies taken from the Controlled Oral Word Association Test and design frequencies taken from the Ruff Figural Fluency Test as measures of verbal and visuospatial spreading activation, respectively. Average word and design frequencies were then correlated with measures of left and right cerebral functioning. The results indicated that a significant relationship exists between performance on a test of right posterior functioning (Block Design) and design frequency. A significant negative relationship also exists between spreading activation in semantic memory networks and design frequency. Based on our findings, the hypotheses were supported. Further research will need to be conducted to examine whether spreading activation exists in visuospatial memory networks as well as the parameters that might modulate this spreading activation, such as the influence of neurotransmitters.

Published
2016

36. Spreading activation in nonverbal memory networks

Author

Foster, Paul S., primary, Wakefield, Candias, additional, Pryjmak, Scott, additional, Roosa, Katelyn M., additional, Branch, Kaylei K., additional, Drago, Valeria, additional, Harrison, David W., additional, and Ruff, Ronald, additional

Published
2016
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37. Disease tracking markers for Alzheimer's disease at the prodromal (MCI) stage

Author

Drago, Valeria, Babiloni, Claudio, Bartrés-Faz, David, Caroli, Anna, Bosch, Beatriz, Hensch, Tilman, Didic, Mira, Klafki, Hans-Wolfgang, Pievani, Michela, Jovicich, Jorge, Venturi, Luca, Spitzer, Philipp, Vecchio, Fabrizio, Schoenknecht, Peter, Wiltfang, Jans, Redolfi, Alberto, Forloni, Gianluigi, Blin, Olivier, Irving, Elaine, Davis, Ceri, Hrdemark, Hans-Goran, Frisoni, Giovanni B., and Hårdemark, Hans-goran

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Medizin, Neuroimaging, Disease, Electroencephalography, Neuropsychological Tests, Atrophy, Alzheimer Disease, Internal medicine, medicine, Dementia, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, Episodic memory, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Neuroscience, Prodromal Stage, Neuropsychology, Brain, Reproducibility of Results, cerebrospinal fluid/diagnosis/physiopathology, Atrophy, Biological Markers, cerebrospinal fluid, Brain, pathology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Disease Progression, Humans, Mild Cognitive Impairment, cerebrospinal fluid/physiopathology, Neuroimaging, methods, Neuropsychological Tests, Reproducibility of Results, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Disease Progression, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Psychology, Neuroscience, Biomarkers
Abstract

Older persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) feature neurobiological Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in 50% to 70% of the cases and develop dementia within the next 5 to 7 years. Current evidence suggests that biochemical, neuroimaging, electrophysiological, and neuropsychological markers can track the disease over time since the MCI stage (also called prodromal AD). The amount of evidence supporting their validity is of variable strength. We have reviewed the current literature and categorized evidence of validity into three classes: Class A, availability of multiple serial studies; Class B a single serial study or multiple cross sectional studies of patients with increasing disease severity from MCI to probable AD; and class C, multiple cross sectional studies of patients in the dementia stage, not including the MCI stage. Several Class A studies suggest that episodic memory and semantic fluency are the most reliable neuropsychological markers of progression. Hippocampal atrophy, ventricular volume and whole brain atrophy are structural MRI markers with class A evidence. Resting-state fMRI and connectivity, and diffusion MR markers in the medial temporal white matter (parahippocampus and posterior cingulum) and hippocampus are promising but require further validation. Change in amyloid load in MCI patients warrant further investigations, e.g. over longer period of time, to assess its value as marker of disease progression. Several spectral markers of resting state EEG rhythms that might reflect neurodegenerative processes in the prodromal stage of AD (EEG power density, functional coupling, spectral coherence, and synchronization) suffer from lack of appropriately designed studies. Although serial studies on late event-related potentials (ERPs) in healthy elders or MCI patients are inconclusive, others tracking disease progression and effects of cholinesterase inhibiting drugs in AD, and cross-sectional including MCI or predicting development of AD offer preliminary evidence of validity as a marker of disease progression from the MCI stage. CSF Markers, such as Aβ 1-42, t-tau and p-tau are valuable markers which support the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. However, these markers are not sensitive to disease progression and cannot be used to monitor the severity of Alzheimer's disease. For Isoprostane F2 some evidence exists that its increase correlates with the progression and the severity of AD.

Published
2011

38. cover Disease Tracking Markers for Alzheimer's Disease at the Prodromal (MCI) Stage

Author

Drago, Valeria, Babiloni, Claudio, Bartrés-Faz, David, Caroli, Anna, Bosch, Beatriz, Hensch, Tilman, Didic, Mira, Klafki, Hans-Wolfgang, Pievani, Michela, Jovicich, Jorge, Venturi, Luca, Spitzer, Philipp, Vecchio, Fabrizio, Schoenknecht, Peter, Wiltfang, Jans, Redolfi, Alberto, Forloni, Gianluigi, Blin, Olivier, Irving, Elaine, Davis, Ceri, Hrdemark, Hans-Goran, and Frisoni, Giovanni B.

Subjects
Medizin
Published
2011

42. Cyclic alternating pattern in sleep and its relationship to creativity

Author

Cortelli, Pietro, Drago, Valeria <1977>, Cortelli, Pietro, and Drago, Valeria <1977>

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Sleep has been shown to enhance creativity, but the reason for this enhancement is not entirely known. There are several different physiological states associated with sleep. In addition to rapid (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, NREM sleep can be broken down into Stages (1-4) that are characterized by the degree of EEG slow wave activity. In addition, during NREM sleep there are transient but cyclic alternating patterns (CAP) of EEG activity and these CAPs can also be divided into three subtypes (A1-A3) according to speed of the EEG waves. Differences in CAP ratios have been previously linked to cognitive performances. The purpose of this study was to learn the relationship CAP activity during sleep and creativity. Methods: The participants were 8 healthy young adults (4 women), who underwent 3 consecutive nights of polysomnographic recording and took the Abbreviated Torrance Test for Adults (ATTA) on the 2 and 3rd mornings after the recordings. Results: There were positive correlations between Stage 1 of NREM sleep and some measures of creativity such as fluency (R= .797; p=.029) and flexibility ( R=.43; p=.002), between Stage 4 of Non-REM sleep and originality (R= .779; p=.034) and a global measure of figural creativity (R= .758; p=.040). There was also a negative correlation between REM sleep and originality (R= -.827; p= .042) . During NREM sleep the CAP rate, which in young people is primarily the A1 subtype, also correlated with originality (R= .765; p =.038). Conclusions: NREM sleep is associated with low levels of cortical arousal and low cortical arousal may enhance the ability of people to access to the remote associations that are critical for creative innovations. In addition, A1 CAP activity reflects frontal activity and the frontal lobes are important for divergent thinking, also a critical aspect of creativity.

Published
2011

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