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Using the method of bibliometrics, we summarized and analyzed the current research status and development trends of free amino acids. Through searching the relevant literature of free amino acids in China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI), we conducted a visual analysis of the number of publications, authors, institutions and keywords of free amino acid-related literature published from 2003 to 2023 with the help of bibliometrics and CiteSpace 6. 4. R1 software. Finally, 2,562 pieces of literature were selected. The results showed that the number of publications was steadily increasing in the past two decades, indicating good research continuity. The visual analysis results showed that universities were the main institutions publishing literature, such as Shanghai Ocean University, and the cooperating institutions were concentrated in adjacent regions. However, there was a lack of in-depth cooperation between authors and institutions, and research should focus on strengthening the cooperation between authors and institutions. The results of keywords analysis showed that the research on free amino acids mainly focused on sensory evaluation, quality analysis and biochemical composition. It was predicted that the application of free amino acids in sensory evaluation would be a research hotspot in the future. Currently, the research on free amino acids was relatively single and limited, requiring further development. Researchers should combine emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and big data, strengthen cooperation between regions and conduct more in-depth research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural activities constitute the second-largest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Proactively mitigating agricultural carbon emissions is crucial for safeguarding the ecological en-vironment, improving agricultural productivity, and fostering long-term ecological sustainability. This paper employs bibliometric analysis to examine the research status, hot topics, and development trends of agricultural carbon emissions in China over the past 2 decades. Based on Citespace software, the study primarily conducts visual analysis on 660 academic articles on ag-ricultural carbon emissions collected from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) between 2001 and May 2023, including publications indexed in Peking University Chinese Core Journals (PKU Core), Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index and Chinese Science Citation Database. The analysis covers publication quantity, author cooperation, institution cooperation, keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering, keyword burst, keyword timeline, and keyword timezone. Research results indicate: (1) From the annual publication volume changes perspective, research on China's agricultural carbon emissions demonstrates a rapid upward trend in the new era, with increasing research interest. (2) The core net-work of research authors has been established, primarily concentrated in agricultural and forestry universities, and the core network of institutions in this field is gradually forming. However, collaboration networks between authors and research institutions are relatively dispersed, necessitating strengthened collaboration among institutions. (3) Current research on agricultural carbon emissions predominantly focuses on the challenges of reducing agricultural carbon emissions in China under the "dual carbon" goals, measures, and pathways to achieve agricultural carbon emission reductions; performance evaluation of agricultural carbon emissions, factors affecting these emissions, and their reduction potential; as well as the relationship between agricultural carbon emissions and agricultural economic growth. Future research should delve deeper into the precise accounting of agricultural carbon emissions under the "dual carbon" goals, their underlying mechanisms, and issues related to precise and differentiated agricultural carbon reduction strategies. (4) The development trajectory of domestic agricultural carbon emissions research shows a period of germination from 2001 to 2009, a development stage from 2010 to 2015, and a deepening stage from 2016 to 2023, with a notable increase in publications in 2021, signifying a new upward phase in research output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The continuous mechanical mining technology represents the development trend and significant transformation in excavation techniques for non-coal mines. It embodies a systematic and integrated innovation encompassing rock breaking methods, rock-breaking equipment, excavation methods, and excavation processes. Based on the current status of continuous mechanical mining technology in non-coal mines, this paper firstly outlines the technical characteristics of mechanical mining and summarizes the key scientific and technological challenges to be addressed. It provides an overview of various mechanical cutter-based rock-breaking methods, rock mass cuttability, and the development and application of continuous mechanical excavation technology. In response to the problems and challenges facing continuous mechanical mining technology in non-coal mines, this paper proposes a four-tier approach for technological breakthroughs; "process needs-technological breakthroughs-equipment research and development-engineering application." Research will be conducted across multiple aspects, including rock-breaking theory, key technologies, mining equipment, mining methods, and complete sets of processes, aiming to promote the development and advancement of safe, efficient, green, continuous, and intelligent non-explosive mechanical mining technologies and equipment for non-coal mines in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Science & Technology & Economy is the property of Grain Science & Technology & Economy Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on analyzing public administration and public services in Latvia, along with development trends and reforms in Eastern European countries. Topics include the implementation of government policies, the quality of public services, and the challenges faced by public administration in adapting to modern demands.

Copyright of Natural Gas & Oil is the property of Editorial Department of Natural Gas & Oil and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The development of the US military’s kill web reflects a profound transformation in its combat style and outlines a blueprint for future intelligent warfare. Through an in-depth analysis of the development trajectory and core characteristics of the kill web, its significant advantages in dynamics, multi-dimensionality, synergy, optimization, and resilience are pointed out. This paper discusses the core technologies of the US military’s kill web, as well as the role of projects such as the adapting cross-domain kill-webs (ACK), the system-of-systems technology integration tool chain for heterogeneous electronic systems (STITCHES), and mission-integrated network control (MINC) in promoting the practice of the kill web. The development of the US military’s kill web will focus on the evolution of intelligent and autonomous technologies, the deep integration of global combat capabilities, the innovation in decision-making timeliness and accuracy, the enhancement of system elasticity and resilience, and the rapid network reconstruction and adaptability.

Abstract Malignant tumors remain a primary cause of human mortality. Among the various treatment modalities for neoplasms, tumor vaccines have consistently shown efficacy and promising potential. These vaccines offer advantages such as specificity, safety, and tolerability, with mRNA vaccines representing promising platforms. By introducing exogenous mRNAs encoding antigens into somatic cells and subsequently synthesizing antigens through gene expression systems, mRNA vaccines can effectively induce immune responses. Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman were awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their great contributions to mRNA vaccine research. Compared with traditional tumor vaccines, mRNA vaccines have several advantages, including rapid preparation, reduced contamination, nonintegrability, and high biodegradability. Tumor-targeted therapy is an innovative treatment modality that enables precise targeting of tumor cells, minimizes damage to normal tissues, is safe at high doses, and demonstrates great efficacy. Currently, targeted therapy has become an important treatment option for malignant tumors. The application of mRNA vaccines in tumor-targeted therapy is expanding, with numerous clinical trials underway. We systematically outline the targeted delivery mechanism of mRNA vaccines and the mechanism by which mRNA vaccines induce anti-tumor immune responses, describe the current research and clinical applications of mRNA vaccines in tumor-targeted therapy, and forecast the future development trends of mRNA vaccine application in tumor-targeted therapy.

The relevance of the study of the industry of the Russian Federation is connected with its important role as a key driver of development of the Russian economy, therefore it is necessary to analyze its current state, identify the main problems and give an overview of trends and prospects of this industry in the digital economy. The purpose is to identify the main trends in the functioning and priority areas of development of the Russian industry based on the analysis of its current state. Method and methodology of work. The article used methods of analysis and synthesis of statistical information for 2018 - 2022, methods of comparison and generalization, statistical grouping. Results. The main trends in the development of industrial enterprises (automation of production, search for new markets, expansion of production capacity, increasing the level of competitiveness, development of digitalization and use of the latest information technologies), leading and lagging regions of Russia were identified. Conclusion. Digital competitiveness, including digital strategy, innovation culture, digital skills and competencies, innovative technologies and digital interaction, is a priority for the development of the industrial sector.

The article examines the information support and trends in the development of grant activities in higher education institutions, the improvement of grant activities in higher education institutions in order to respond to current challenges and opportunities, as well as to increase the efficiency and accessibility of this tool for the academic community. This study aims to thoroughly analyze current trends in the grantmaking activities of Ukrainian higher education institutions (HEIs), identify important challenges and prospects for the development of this area. The main goal is to develop recommendations for optimizing the processes of attracting grant funds and supporting research and educational initiatives. The study used a variety of methods, such as analysis of scientific publications, study of statistical data, expert evaluation and comparative analysis of granting practices. The main trends in the grant sector were analyzed, and the level of accessibility and quality of information on grant opportunities for higher education institutions was assessed. The article reveals an increase in competition for grants, the active use of interdisciplinary projects, and the importance of digital technologies in grantmaking. The study also noted a trend toward greater international cooperation and the development of objective performance evaluation systems. In the context of the Ukrainian war, it is especially important to develop international cooperation and effectively use grant resources to support research and educational initiatives. Special attention is paid to improving the efficiency and accessibility of grant opportunities for the academic community. This is important given the growing competition for grants, the trend toward interdisciplinarity, and the need for global cooperation. The results of the analysis can be an important source of information for the management of higher education institutions and research groups in improving their grantmaking strategies and ensuring further scientific development. This study emphasizes the key role of grantmaking in Ukrainian higher education institutions for scientific and educational development. It identifies strategies for optimizing this process in the face of current challenges and contributes to the achievement of global sustainable development goals.

Chenxiao Hu,* Mingwei Sheng,* Ke Wang,* Zi Yang, Shiping Che Solicitation Office, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shiping Che, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of China, Email ldyycheshiping@163.comObjective: Identify the collaborations between authors, countries, and institutions, respectively, and explore the hot issues and prospects for research on hospital medication management.Materials and Methods: Publications on hospital medication management were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometric analyses were performed using CiteSpace 6.1.R3, HistCite 2.1, and VOSviewer 1.6.16. The network maps were created between authors, countries institutions, and keywords.Results: A total of 18,723 articles related to hospital medication management studies were identified. Rapid growth in the number of publications since 2017. The high papers were published in AM J HEALTH-SYST PH, while JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC was the most co-cited journal. Manias E and WHO ranked first in the author and cited author. There were active collaborations among the top authors. Bates DW was the key author in this field. The authors have active collaborations in adverse drug events, acute coronary syndrome, in-hospital major bleeding, and so on. The US was the leading contributor in this field. The UK, Australia, and China are also very active. Active cooperation between countries and between institutions was observed. The main hot topics included matters related to outcome indicators, hospital pharmacy service behaviors, and medication use in pain management. More recent keywords focus on chronic disease medication management and clinical medication management.Conclusion: Hospital medication management studies have significantly increased after 2017. There was active cooperation between authors, countries, and institutions. The application of hospital medication management in the emergency department and the relationship between medication management and medication adherence are current research hotspots. In addition, with the continuous progress of society, chronic diseases have become an important factor affecting people’s health, and medication management is becoming more and more subdivided, so the direction of chronic disease medication management as well as precise medication may become the development direction of future research.Keywords: bibliometric analysis, medication management, hospital, development trends, hot topics

Malignant tumors remain a primary cause of human mortality. Among the various treatment modalities for neoplasms, tumor vaccines have consistently shown efficacy and promising potential. These vaccines offer advantages such as specificity, safety, and tolerability, with mRNA vaccines representing promising platforms. By introducing exogenous mRNAs encoding antigens into somatic cells and subsequently synthesizing antigens through gene expression systems, mRNA vaccines can effectively induce immune responses. Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman were awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their great contributions to mRNA vaccine research. Compared with traditional tumor vaccines, mRNA vaccines have several advantages, including rapid preparation, reduced contamination, nonintegrability, and high biodegradability. Tumor-targeted therapy is an innovative treatment modality that enables precise targeting of tumor cells, minimizes damage to normal tissues, is safe at high doses, and demonstrates great efficacy. Currently, targeted therapy has become an important treatment option for malignant tumors. The application of mRNA vaccines in tumor-targeted therapy is expanding, with numerous clinical trials underway. We systematically outline the targeted delivery mechanism of mRNA vaccines and the mechanism by which mRNA vaccines induce anti-tumor immune responses, describe the current research and clinical applications of mRNA vaccines in tumor-targeted therapy, and forecast the future development trends of mRNA vaccine application in tumor-targeted therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of carbon neutrality, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology has emerged as a critical focus for policymakers worldwide. Recognized as a critical tool for combating climate change and achieving carbon neutrality, CCUS has gained widespread endorsement from major nations and international organizations. Through methods such as bibliometrics, text clustering, and comprehensive research involving foreign official institutions and authoritative websites, this study delves into the technology strategy and development trends of CCUS. It is found that various countries,including the United States, Europe, and Japan, have sequentially rolled out CCUS strategies, elevating CCUS to a pivotal national strategic initiative. Moreover, they have delineated explicit objectives and emphasized research directives for diverse developmental phases leading up to 2030, 2040, and 2050. At present, the arena of CCUS technology is marked by swift expansion, with the relevant core technologies concentrating on low-energy and cost-effective CO2 capture, dependable geological utilization and storage, and advanced CO2 conversion processes aimed at yielding high-value chemicals and fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model has played a crucial role in various aspects of cancer research. The purpose of this study is to help researchers clarify the research direction and prospects of the CAM model. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on the top 100 most cited articles on use of the CAM model in tumour research, retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Tools such as Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, CiteSpace and Excel were utilized for the visualization network analysis. The 100 articles analysed were mainly from the USA, China and European countries such as Germany and France. Tumour research involving CAM model experiments demonstrated reliability and scientific rigor (average citation count = 156.2). The analysis of keywords, topics and subject areas revealed that the applications of this model ranged from the biological characteristics of tumours to molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways, to recent developments in nanotechnology and clinical applications. Additionally, nude mouse experiments have been more frequently performed in recent years. We conclude that the CAM model is efficient, simple and cost-effective, and has irreplaceable value in various aspects of cancer research. In the future, the CAM model can further contribute to nanotechnology research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A general classification of contactors according to the characteristics of the highest and lowest levels is proposed in a form convenient for assessing development trends. The central place in this classification is occupied by the most common electromagnetic contactors intended for use in general industrial equipment, in actively developing systems (facilities) with battery power sources and aerospace engineering. The general global trends in the development of electrical products, which are also inherent in contactors, are noted. The main stages of contactor development and their characteristic features are presented in the form of a diagram of the development of electromagnetic contactors (starters) compiled on the basis of data from Schneider Electric. Due to a number of difficulties, the Russian contactor market is assessed ambiguously and is likely to be determined in the near future by solving specific tasks to ensure the technological independence of the Russian economy, for example, by developing certain types of contactors that are analogues of leading global companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development trends and research layout of agricultural resources and the environment (ARE) are the focus of global attention. In this study, we compiled a data set of SCI papers published in the ARE field since the 13th Five-Year Plan. Thereafter, the topic extraction model of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was used to mine the text content so as to explore the research layout of global ARE. The results show that, between 2016 and the time of this study, 31,559 articles were published in the ARE field, exhibiting an overall upward trend. During this time, China and the United States were the main forces in paper publishing. The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, and the US Department of Agriculture were the top three publishing institutions. Research institutes in China, the United States, Russia, Sweden, the Netherlands, Brazil, and Australia cooperated closely, and the CAS was at the center of the cooperation network. The clustering results of text topics based on the LDA model show that three topics—namely, the interaction mechanisms of plants, the rhizosphere, and microorganisms; the mechanisms and predictive evaluation of soil landslides or erosion; and the decomposition and interaction response of organic matter in agroforestry ecosystems—have been the hot research areas in this field since 2016. The management and efficient utilization of farmland nutrients, and the technology and mechanisms of agricultural waste resource utilization have become key research directions since 2019. The research layouts of China and the United States in this field were analyzed, and the similarities and differences were compared. In addition, suggestions for the future development of ARE are proposed. This study is of great significance for the overall development trend of ARE, the timely tracking of scientific research hotspots, outlining key research and development directions, and promoting scientific and technological innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze articles on the diagnosis and treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcoma using positron emission tomography (PET)/ computed tomography (CT) published in the last 13 years. The objective was to conduct a bibliometric analysis and identify the research hotspots and emerging trends. Methods: Web of Science was used to search for articles on PET/CT diagnosis and treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcoma published from January 2010 to June 2023. CiteSpace was utilized to import data for bibliometric analysis. Results: In total, 425 relevant publications were identified. Publications have maintained a relatively stable growth rate for the past 13 years. The USA has the highest number of published articles (139) and the highest centrality (0.35). The UDICE-French Research Universities group is the most influential institution. BYUN BH is a prominent contributor to this field. The Journal of Clinical Oncology has the highest impact factor in the field. Conclusion: The clinical application of PET/CT is currently a research hotspot. Upcoming areas of study concentrate on the merging of PET/CT with advanced machine learning and/or alternative imaging methods, novel imaging substances, and the fusion of diagnosis and therapy. The use of PET/CT has progressively become a crucial element in the identification and management of sarcomas. To confirm its efficacy, there is a need for extensive, multicenter, prospective studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the processing demands for automation, high quality, high efficiency of complex curved surface parts in national strategic fields such as aviation, energy, transportation and military, the research and application progress of key technologies and integrated systems in industrial robot grinding and polishing process was comprehensively reviewed in recent years, both domestically and internationally. Firstly, the research achievement of complex surface robot grinding and polishing technology was summarized from multiple perspectives, such as grinding and polishing mechanism, process optimization, trajectory planning, grinding force control. Secondly, the application progress of robotic grinding and polishing integration systems at home and abroad was introduced. Finally, the main problems and development trends of complex surface robot grinding and polishing technology were analyzed and provided important guidance and direction for the development of this technology. The research results indicate that the main problems with this technology currently include unclear grinding and polishing mechanisms, inaccurate mathematical models, low efficiency in planning the grinding and polishing trajectory and insufficient precision in controlling grinding and polishing force. The future research directions are prospected from the aspects of process parameters model, hybrid control of robot force and position, high-precision calibration of robots and error compensation, integrated design and motion control of robot systems, online monitoring based on digital twins' technology, segmented application scenarios of robot grinding and polishing technology. The research and practice in the above aspects will greatly promote the development and application of robot grinding and polishing technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We offer a detailed description of our previously published new concept of the evolution of the biosphere as an integral system of its states over time, united by development trends. The structure of the biosphere is considered as a hierarchical fractal system, and the elementary unit of the biosphere is an ecosystem. The fractal structure of the biosphere corresponds to the emergent principle: each lower level is an element of a more complex system and has its own properties. The proposed concept of biosphere evolution is based on the general categories of dialectics: states and interstates, continuity and discreteness, reproducibility and uniqueness. The evolutionary history of the biosphere is a metameric picture of changing states and interstates. The most important feature of the biosphere organization in space–time is a complex system of continua. The development of an integral biospheric system occurs in a time continuum: in the biosphere, the differences between the early and subsequent states are quite significant and obvious. Moreover, these differences are associated with fundamental complications, development, which is, in fact, evolution. The states of the biosphere in certain periods are linked by trends that form an evolutionary system. Continuing states, when the system remains self-identical for a long period, are replaced by new states through interstates. Based on the principle of actualism, the problems of the biosphere's future and evolutionary trends of the biosphere under anthropogenic impact are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to investigate the current status and trends of pressure ulcer care studies over the past two decades using bibliometric and visual analysis, with the objective of providing guidelines for the development of relevant clinical practices or further research. Methods: We conducted a search on the Web of Science Core Collection database using the subject terms “pressure ulcers” or “pressure injuries” for the period from January 2002 to December 2021. Bibliometric tools such as CiteSpace (version 5.8.R3), VOS viewer (version 1.6.17) and the R software 4.0.3 were used to visualize and analyze annual publications, country, institution, author, keyword and cited literature. Results: We identified 5102 publications related to pressure ulcers during the 20-year period, including 4034 articles published in 1557 journals. The number of annual publications on the relevant topics has been increasing annually at an annual growth rate of 4.89 %. The keyword cluster analysis of these studies can be divided into four areas: epidemiology, risk assessment, caring intervention and prognostic analysis. Keyword temporal analysis revealed that the “Braden score” was the most commonly used keyword over a long-term span. The dissemination of knowledge and student training on pressure ulcers have become hot topics of research in recent years. Additionally, pressure ulcer care in COVID-19 patients has emerged as another research hotspot due to the pandemic. Conclusion: Bibliometric analyses have shown that there has been a steady increase in research on pressure ulcer care, with studies related to pressure ulcer risk scores accounting for a large portion of this research. In recent years, education on pressure ulcer-related knowledge and pressure ulcer care in COVID-19 patients have emerged as research hotspots. Future research on pressure ulcer care in the elderly may be a research hotspot as the aging population progresses.

We offer a detailed description of our previously published new concept of the evolution of the biosphere as an integral system of its states over time, united by development trends. The structure of the biosphere is considered as a hierarchical fractal system, and the elementary unit of the biosphere is an ecosystem. The fractal structure of the biosphere corresponds to the emergent principle: each lower level is an element of a more complex system and has its own properties. The proposed concept of biosphere evolution is based on the general categories of dialectics: states and interstates, continuity and discreteness, reproducibility and uniqueness. The evolutionary history of the biosphere is a metameric picture of changing states and interstates. The most important feature of the biosphere organization in space–time is a complex system of continua. The development of an integral biospheric system occurs in a time continuum: in the biosphere, the differences between the early and subsequent states are quite significant and obvious. Moreover, these differences are associated with fundamental complications, development, which is, in fact, evolution. The states of the biosphere in certain periods are linked by trends that form an evolutionary system. Continuing states, when the system remains self-identical for a long period, are replaced by new states through interstates. Based on the principle of actualism, the problems of the biosphere’s future and evolutionary trends of the biosphere under anthropogenic impact are considered.

Recently, CAR-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies has received extensive attention. The objective of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the current research status, development trends, research hotspots, and emerging topics pertaining to CAR-T cells in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Articles pertaining to CAR-T cell therapy for hematological malignancies from the years 2012 to 2023 were obtained and assessed from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). A bibliometric approach was employed to conduct a scientific, comprehensive, and objective quantitative analysis, as well as a visual analysis, of this particular research domain. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on a corpus of 3643 articles, which were collaboratively authored by 72 countries and various research institutions. CAR-T cell research in treating hematological malignancies shows an increasing trend each year. Notably, the study identified the countries and institutions displaying the highest level of activity, the journals with the most citations and output, as well as the authors who garnered the highest frequency of citations and co-citations. Furthermore, the analysis successfully identified the research hotspots and highlighted six emerging topics within this domain. This study conducted a comprehensive exploration and analysis of the research status, development trends, research hotspots, and emerging topics about CAR-T cells in the treatment of hematological malignancies from 2012 to 2023. The findings of this study will serve as a valuable reference and guide for researchers seeking to delve deeper into this field and determine the future direction of their research.

[Purpose/Significance] This study systematically analyzes the basic models and development trends of international open peer review platforms, with the aim of exploring the insights these platforms provide for academic communication and research governance in China. The goal is to accelerate the establishment and development of an open peer review system in China, fostering a more open, collaborative, and efficient academic exchange environment that promotes the free flow of knowledge and the widespread dissemination of scientific ideas. [Method/Process] The article first reviews and analyzes several international open peer review platforms and communities that are led by the scientific community and operate independently of scientific journal publishing, such as Peer Community In (PCI), Sciety, PREreview, and Review Commons. On this basis, it outlines the basic operational models of international open peer review platforms and identifies a number of common features among the three basic models. Then, through an in-depth analysis of the development dynamics of these platforms and communities, the study summarizes their development trends from different perspectives, including research institutions, scientists, scientific community, and international academic communication models. Based on this analysis, and taking into account international experience and the specific characteristics of China's research environment, the article proposes recommendations for building an open peer review system in China. [Results/Conclusions] The study identifies three basic operational models of international open peer review platforms: platforms established for the purpose of open publishing, platforms developed primarily as preprint servers, and platforms built independently for open peer review. It also summarizes the key trends in the development of these platforms: strong support from major research institutions, active participation of leading scientists, the formation and impact of large-scale platforms, recognition of open peer-reviewed research by the scientific community, alignment with the international open access (OA) movement, and the reshaping of international academic communication models. International open peer review platforms and communities are emerging as important forces in driving research innovation and enhancing research quality. In light of China's current situation, the article offers six recommendations to accelerate the development of open peer review platforms and communities: (1) fully recognizing the significance of open peer review platforms for Chinese science; (2) updating scientific publishing concepts to create a supportive environment for the development of open peer review platforms; (3) implementing policies to support the construction of open peer review platforms and communities in China; (4) promoting exemplary cases and innovative practices in the development of open peer review platforms and communities; (5) building robust national open peer review infrastructure to support the development of open peer review communities; and (6) engaging in brand building to create internationalized open peer review platforms and communities. These efforts aim to secure a new position for China in global scholarly communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insurance premium trust is a hybrid model that combines insurance and trust services. In recent years, with the gradual improvement of China's economy, there has been a heightened awareness of wealth management among people. To meet this growing demand, the insurance market has expanded greatly, resulting in the emergence of various new insurance products, including insurance premium trust products. Based on the status of the domestic insurance market and Hong Kong insurance market in recent years, this paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of insurance premium trust products launched by the Hong Kong insurance industry. Furthermore, it discusses the prospects and development of the Hong Kong insurance premium trust model against the background of the establishment of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the improvement in living standards and growing appreciation for flaxseed's nutritional value, global demand for flaxseed and its economic significance are continuously increasing. As a major flaxseed producer and exporter, China plays a crucial role in the development of its agricultural economy. Flaxseed, one of China's five key oil crops, is renowned for its rich nutritional content. This study employed a literature review to systematically examine the research status of key flaxseed dehulling technologies in China. It explored the characteristics, efficiencies, and quality differences among various dehulling methods, while also drawing on advanced techniques, such as chemical and ultrasonic dehulling, to provide new perspectives and theoretical support for flaxseed dehulling. Comprehensive analysis revealed that mechanical dehulling (the impact method and rolling and rubbing method) is the primary method used in China. The study also identified the issues in current flaxseed dehulling research in China and offers suggestions to guide future improvements and innovations in flaxseed processing, aiming to enhance the quality and nutritional value of flaxseed to meet diverse market demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pumped storage power station, as a stabilizer and booster for the large-scale development of renewable energy in the Yellow River Basin, is the key to promoting water conservation and emission reduction, and its large-scale development is imperative in the Yellow River Basin. However, due to the shortage of water resources in the Yellow River Basin, how to achieve green and low-carbon transformation of energy structure under the dual constraints of carbon emissions and water resources has important significance for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. The constructed pumped storage projects constructed, being constructed and planned were systematically sorted out in eight provinces (regions) (excluding Sichuan) of the Yellow River Basin based on the "Medium-Long Term Plan for Pumped Storage Energy (2021-2035)". The occupation of surface water resources indicators by large-scale development of pumped storage energy were preliminarily estimated; and the impact of pumped storage operation on existing water conservancy projects were analyzed from two aspects including regulating storage capacity occupation and comprehensive utilization benefit. The results show that a total of 100 pumped storage stations have been built, under construction, planned, and reserved in the Yellow River Basin, with a total installed capacity of 126 050 MW and a cumulative water consumption of about 252.1 million m³; when rebuilding the cascade hydropower function by installing reversible pump-storage units on existing water conservancy projects, the impact on the comprehensive utilization task and the engineering safety of the original water conservancy projects should be fully evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Precious Metals / Guijinshu is the property of Precious Metals Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Relevance. The phenomenon of law as a special civilized, intellectual and value-substantive social authority attracts the attention of scientists to conceptualize its current state, development trends and problems of formation. It is relevant to establish the functional role of certain social groups in the formation of law and the mechanisms (algorithms) for its effective, fair and correct application in social reality. Various social structures and groups are involved in the development, acceptance, adaptation to social reality and assessment of applicability in life. A special social subject in the triumph of law and justice, as well as the development of its norms, is the intelligentsia, which, being a specific domestic phenomenon, at different stages of the historical development of the state and society acted as a catalyst for both the abolition of outdated norms and the rapid development of law, taking into account the needs of broad social groups. Materials and methods. The purpose of the research in the article is a comprehensive knowledge of law and the intelligentsia in their functional relationship and relationships of codependency in the minds of the subjects. The subject of the study is to understand the commonality of the social functions of law and the intelligentsia, based on the role of the domestic intelligentsia in the formation of law. To solve research problems, the authors use systemic, activity-based and formal legal approaches as a methodology, which involve the use of component, structural, functional, historical and other types of analysis, synthesis of its results, analogy, comparison, generalization, deduction and abstraction. Results and conclusions. The main results of the study include: conceptualization of the commonality of social functions of law and the intelligentsia, as well as the conclusion that in the development of the “fabric of law” and “social life of law” an active functional role is played by the intelligentsia and intelligence, which is one of the characteristics of the identity of the domestic legal system.

The study examines development trends and business perspectives in the automotive industry of Ukraine and particularly in Transcarpathia. The trends of the labor market in Ukraine have been identified, the state of migration processes, the level of unemployment in the regions of Ukraine have been assessed. The results of a comparative analysis of the level of the minimum wage in Ukraine in terms of regions, categories and positions are presented. The standard salary of back-office workers and management in the automotive sector was studied. The evolution of the regulatory and legal provision of state regulation of the development of the automobile industry in Ukraine is traced. Radical changes in the state policy of the development of the automotive industry of Ukraine were revealed: from constant support of car manufacturers and stimulation of car production to bureaucratic barriers, obstacles and existing risks and threats. It is stated that since 2014, Russia's armed aggression against Ukraine has led to a significant decline in the car industry. The effectiveness of the activities of the largest automotive industry companies in Zakarpattia Oblast was studied for the period 2018-2022. The financial indicators chosen for analysis were the capital-to-asset ratio, return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and net profit margin (NPM). A conclusion was made about the positive trend of increasing the volume of activity and improving the financial stability and profitability of companies over the past 5 years. From the point of view of investors, the most attractive is Eurocar, which demonstrates positive dynamics of the indicator and has the highest value of ROE among the selected companies at the end of 2022, namely 19.6%. Proximity to the border with the EU, cheap labor and sufficient raw materials make the western oblasts of Ukraine especially attractive for partnership with European auto giants. The need to create an automobile cluster in the region was emphasized.

Background Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) has a significant impact on patients' prognostic recovery and is an independent risk factor for stroke recurrence and post-stroke death. Therefore, understanding the current epidemiological status of PSF is of great significant in promoting stroke prevention and treatment in China. Objective To systematically evaluate the current situation and development trend of PSF in China, in order to provide a reference basis for the relevant departments to formulate targeted stroke prevention and treatment strategies. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and CBM were searched by computer to collect cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of PSF in China from inception to 2023-05-20. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software after 2 investigators independently screened the literature, extracted information and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. Results A total of 57 cross-sectional studies involving 19 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities directly under the central government and special administrative regions of China, with a total sample size of 13 621 individuals, including 5 764 individuals with PSF. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of PSF in China was 43.5% (95%CI=40.0%-47.0%). The results of subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence was 38.4% (95%CI=34.3%-42.5%) for men and 45.2% (95%CI=40.7%-49.7%) for women by gender grouping; the prevalence was 40.0% (95%CI=32.3%-48.0%) for those under 60 years of age, 67.9% (95%CI=54.2%-80.1%) for those aged 60-75 years by age grouping and 71.9% (95%CI=48.9%-90.5%) for those aged 75 years and above; the prevalence was 40.0% (95%CI=35.0%-45.2%) in North China, 41.0% (95%CI=29.5%-53.0%) in Northeast China, 49.5% (95%CI=43.1%-55.8%) in East China, 40.3% (95%CI=34.9%-45.8%) in Central China, 40.0% (95%CI=28.4%-52.2%) in South China, 59.3% (95%CI=54.0%-65.0%) in Southwest China, and 46.2% (95%CI=38.3%-54.2%) in Northwest China by regional grouping; the prevalence was 56.3% (95%CI=42.8%-69.4%) for hemorrhagic stroke and 40.0% (95%CI=36.7%-43.4%) for ischemic stroke by stroke nature grouping; the prevalence was 41.4% (95%CI=37.0%-45.8%) for acute phase and 46.4% (95%CI=40.8%-52.1%) for recovery phase by stroke duration grouping; the prevalence was 56.0% (95%CI=43.7%-67.9%) for elementary school and below, 46.7% (95%CI=39.6%-53.8%) for junior high school, 46.8% (95%CI=40.3%-53.4%) for senior high school, and 43.6% (95%CI=35.7%-51.6%) for college and above by education level grouping; the prevalence was 45.8% (95%CI=40.8%-50.9%) for those with a spouse and 53.6% (95%CI=47.4%-59.8%) for those without a spouse by marital status; the prevalence was 45.0% (95%CI=33.2%-57.0%) for those who were employed and 53.8% (95%CI=40.1%-67.2%) for those who were unemployed or retired by work status grouping; the prevalence was 41.8% (95%CI=38.3%-45.3%) for those who applied the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), 65.8% (95%CI=57.1%-74.0%) for those who applied the Check List Individual Strength (CIS), 50.5% (95%CI=44.6%-56.5%) for those who applied the Chinese version of the Neurological Fatigue Index for Stroke (NFI-stroke), 52.7% (95%CI=43.1%-62.1%) for those who applied the Chinese version of the Fatigue Assessment Scale (C-FAS), and 48.9% (95%CI=43.6%-54.2%) for those who applied the Mental Fatigue Self-Rating Scale (MFS). Additionally, in terms of age distribution, the prevalence of PSF in China increased gradually with age (χ2trend=87.081, r=0.209, P

For the third year in a row, according to the results of research by global consulting agencies, international companies-leaders consider innovation to be the number one priority among their corporate goals. Most companies declare their readiness to invest in breakthrough innovations related to digital technologies, artificial intelligence, and smartization of business processes. The criteria for the readiness of such companies are: intensification of the search for talents that generate new ideas and have the ability to implement them into reality, turn investments into results; use of new business models and a wide range of strategic tools; strengthening innovative platforms of knowledge and practice; organization or participation in ecosystems with the involvement of external partners and competitors. Leadership is based on a strong culture of innovation, which is represented by the principles, norms and rules of strategic thinking, flexibility, mobility in decision-making and implementation of decisions. The article analyzes the features of the formation of a culture of innovation by international companies that are established as leaders in creating new sources of income and values, products and markets; the common attributes of innovation culture are defined – compliance with the principles of social and environmental responsibility, possession of elements of leadership and teamwork, readiness for effective implementation of innovations, productivity and resilience to threats.

The oil and gas sector is one of the key sectors in the structure of the economy of the Russian Federation, as well as petroleum products industry, and particularly oil lubricants and components for their production. According to official statistics, the share of exports of petroleum products in monetary terms was 29 % in 2021, and in some years the figure was more than 50 %. Because of global events in recent years, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequences of sanction pressure, significant changes have occurred in the global and Russian lubricants markets, which have led to the emergence of turbulence in the markets, and resulted in uncertainty about the further development. The main purpose of this study is to identify the main trends in the development of the lubricants market in Russia in 2023. Within the framework of the study, the concept of “oil lubricants” and the main technological features of their composition and production process are determined. The analysis of the main geopolitical events and changes that occurred in 2022 and their impact on the lubricants market was carried out. In particular, the influence of the latter on the market dynamics of the main raw material component to produce lubricants, as well as its cost both in retrospect and 2023 expectations (taking into account expected consumption volumes in the domestic and foreign markets) was studied. The study gives a brief description of the market segments, as well as analyzes the main brands that were present on the Russian market in 2022 and changes in their composition due to recent events in the industry. Based on the results of investigation, a comprehensive conclusion about the state of Russian lubricants market at the current time and the prospects for its development in 2023 was formulated.

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Copyright of Tsinghua Journal of Education is the property of Tsinghua University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Over the past two decades, the field of radiation brain injury has attracted the attention of an increasing number of brain scientists, particularly in the areas of molecular pathology and therapeutic approaches. Characterizing global collaboration networks and mapping development trends over the past 20 years is essential. Objective: The aim of this paper is to examine significant issues and future directions while shedding light on collaboration and research status in the field of radiation brain injury. Methods: Bibliometric studies were performed using CiteSpaceR-bibliometrix and VOSviewer software on papers regarding radiation brain injury that were published before November 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection. Results: In the final analysis, we found 4,913 records written in 1,219 publications by 21,529 authors from 5,007 institutions in 75 countries. There was a noticeable increase in publications in 2014 and 2021. The majority of records listed were produced by China, the United States, and other high-income countries. The largest nodes in each cluster of the collaboration network were Sun Yat-sen University, University of California-San Francisco, and the University of Toronto. Galldiks N, Barnett GH, Langen KJ and Kim JH are known to be core authors in the field. The top 3 keywords in that time frame are radiation, radiation necrosis, and radiation-therapy. Conclusions: The objective and thorough bibliometric analysis also identifies current research hotspots and potential future paths, providing a retrospective perspective on RBI and offering useful advice to researchers choosing research topics. Future development directions include the integration of multi-omics methodologies and novel imaging techniques to improve RBI's diagnostic effectiveness and the search for new therapeutic targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: This paper provides a rationale and historical review of higher vocational education (HVE) globally and in China. The expansion of HVE is driven by dominant themes in policy, such as the encouragement of academics' societal engagement (ASE) for economic development and the need to address social problems like youth unemployment and poverty. The paper examines the development of HVE in China, which has faced challenges related to the degree of connection with high school curriculum and social stigma. The government has implemented the policies to elevate the social status and acceptance of HVE, enhancing its quality and relevance, and reinforcing its governance and management structures. Method: The paper also analyses the prominent research directions and development trends of HVE in China from 2000 to 2023, using the VOS viewer mapping tool and Web of Science. Findings: The result shows that key words like "study," "student," "education," and "vocational college," indicate key themes and focal points in the discourse. In addition, the terms "quality" and "management" being prominent in the analysis reveal concerns for maintaining and improving the quality of higher vocational education. In this way, understanding the mediating effects of "management" can provide possible solutions. While desk-based reviews using VOS viewer as an analysis tool offer valuable insights, they may lack the depth of contextual understanding that can be gained through qualitative analysis. Future Research: This paper calls for future study in the management of faculty deans in HVE institutions and the mediating effect of teachers on improving general teaching quality and student achievement, with an aim of improving the international standards of the vocational education and offering a significant intuition on the development of HVE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Coatings & Protection / Tuceng yu Fanghu is the property of Coating & Protection Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)