1,319 results on '"DC motors"'
Search Results
2. 3D flux configuration cost effective switched reluctance motor with small torque ripple content; design and prototyping.
- Author
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Sayyaadi, Hassan, Turani, Amir Abbas, and Nasiri Zarandi, Reza
- Subjects
- *
RELUCTANCE motors , *ELECTRIC torque motors , *FINITE element method , *ENERGY consumption , *SWITCHED reluctance motors , *ELECTRIC inductance - Abstract
Switch reluctance motors (SRMs) have many advantages, such as easy construction, high reliability, low cost, and higher energy efficiency compared to the inductance motors. However, SRMs have a major drawback—severe torque ripple (TR), which causes a great deal of noise and movement. Hence, these motors are rarely used in industrial applications. Torque ripple reduction in reluctance motors has been studied since their invention in the 1950s, but the effectiveness of any such reduction methods remain controversial. Significant reductions in TR remain necessary to make the SRM more applicable for industrial use. The main objective of this study is to propose a new configuration of the SRM which greatly reduces TR and has low manufacturing costs. Although this new structure greatly reduces the TR, like most previous research, some aspects such as drive control and design optimisation methods could be used to more obviously reduce TR. The proposed motor has a simple configuration which is more efficient. Finite element method is used to verify the design, and a prototype has been fabricated and tested to experimentally verify its performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. A parameter design method of LC filter circuit for closed‐loop dynamic power supply system based on linear power amplifier
- Author
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Feixiang Yang, Xueqing Wang, Jin Luo, Qianwen Duan, Zongqi Ning, and Yao Mao
- Subjects
DC–DC power convertors ,DC motors ,drives ,LC circuits ,low‐pass filters ,motor drives ,Electronics ,TK7800-8360 - Abstract
Abstract The linear power amplifier (LPA) suffers from low power supply utilization in the DC power supply mode, leading to reduced output efficiency. This paper constructs an efficient power supply mode based on closed‐loop dynamic power supply system (CLDPSs). The CLDPSs can generate a pair of bipolar dynamic power supplies based on a predetermined signal to provide power to LPA, which can maintain a small voltage drop between the power supply and the output of LPA, thereby improving the power supply utilization of LPA. In addition, the study also focuses on the conflicting relationship between the output ripple and the dynamic performance of the CLDPSs, for which a new parametric design of the LC filter circuit is proposed, aiming to achieve a balance between these two aspects. Finally, a voice coil motor driving platform is constructed for experimental testing. The results demonstrate that the output ripple and dynamic performance of the CLDPSs can be balanced. In comparison to the DC power supply mode, the CLDPSs power supply mode can enhance the efficiency of LPA by 2 times while the driving accuracy of voice coil motor is basically unchanged.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Derating factor determination of the three‐phase induction motor under unbalanced voltage using pumping system
- Author
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Samar Hameed Majeed, Seyed Ghodratolah Seifossadat, Mohsen Saniei, and Seyyed Sajjad Moosapour
- Subjects
DC motors ,gears ,hydraulic systems ,induction motors ,matlab ,pumps ,Applications of electric power ,TK4001-4102 - Abstract
Abstract A novel method is presented for determining the derating factors of a three‐phase induction motor under the condition of the unbalanced supply voltages. In this method, a mechanical system is used which consist of the a centrifugal pump, two valves, a DC motor, which are connected to the shaft of the three‐phase induction motor. A sliding mode control system is used for position control of the DC motor for adjusting the valve angle for derating the induction motor. The authors present the results of an experiment in which a three‐phase induction motor was subjected to various unbalanced voltage conditions. The results of simulations were used to look into what happened when there were different levels of imbalanced voltage. This was done to determine how these situations changed an induction motor's speed, torque, and efficiency. For this system, the stator current would be greater than the rated current if there was an imbalance in the supply voltage. Therefore, to reduce the amount of power that the three‐phase induction motor can produce, the control system uses a DC motor to reduce the angle of one of the two valves. This decreasing angle continues until the root mean square value of the stator current returns to the rated current. At this point, the derating factor may be calculated by dividing the output power of the three‐phase induction motor in the unbalanced condition by the output power when there are ideal sinusoidal. The MATLAB SIMULINK environment is utilised to perform simulations of the proposed system.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Tracking Control and Backlash Compensation in an Inverted Pendulum with Switched-Mode PID Controllers.
- Author
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Awan, Aisha Akbar, Khan, Umar S., Awan, Asad Ullah, and Hamza, Amir
- Subjects
BACKLASH (Engineering) ,STANDARD deviations ,PID controllers ,PENDULUMS - Abstract
In electromechanical systems, backlash in gear trains can lead to a degradation in control performance. We propose a drive–anti-drive mechanism to address this issue. It consists of two DC motors that operate in opposite directions. One motor acts as the drive, while the other serves as the anti-drive to compensate for the backlash. This work focuses on switching between the drive and anti-drive motors, controlled by a switched-mode PID controller. Simulation results on an inverted pendulum demonstrate that the proposed scheme effectively compensates for backlash, improving position accuracy and control. This switched controller approach enhances the performance of electromechanical systems, particularly where gear backlash poses challenges to closed-loop performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. A parameter design method of LC filter circuit for closed‐loop dynamic power supply system based on linear power amplifier.
- Author
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Yang, Feixiang, Wang, Xueqing, Luo, Jin, Duan, Qianwen, Ning, Zongqi, and Mao, Yao
- Subjects
SWITCHING power supplies ,POWER supply circuits ,POWER resources ,POWER amplifiers ,SWITCHING circuits - Abstract
The linear power amplifier (LPA) suffers from low power supply utilization in the DC power supply mode, leading to reduced output efficiency. This paper constructs an efficient power supply mode based on closed‐loop dynamic power supply system (CLDPSs). The CLDPSs can generate a pair of bipolar dynamic power supplies based on a predetermined signal to provide power to LPA, which can maintain a small voltage drop between the power supply and the output of LPA, thereby improving the power supply utilization of LPA. In addition, the study also focuses on the conflicting relationship between the output ripple and the dynamic performance of the CLDPSs, for which a new parametric design of the LC filter circuit is proposed, aiming to achieve a balance between these two aspects. Finally, a voice coil motor driving platform is constructed for experimental testing. The results demonstrate that the output ripple and dynamic performance of the CLDPSs can be balanced. In comparison to the DC power supply mode, the CLDPSs power supply mode can enhance the efficiency of LPA by 2 times while the driving accuracy of voice coil motor is basically unchanged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Derating factor determination of the three‐phase induction motor under unbalanced voltage using pumping system.
- Author
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Majeed, Samar Hameed, Seifossadat, Seyed Ghodratolah, Saniei, Mohsen, and Moosapour, Seyyed Sajjad
- Subjects
SLIDING mode control ,ROOT-mean-squares ,HYDRAULIC motors ,STATORS ,SIMULATION methods & models ,INDUCTION motors - Abstract
A novel method is presented for determining the derating factors of a three‐phase induction motor under the condition of the unbalanced supply voltages. In this method, a mechanical system is used which consist of the a centrifugal pump, two valves, a DC motor, which are connected to the shaft of the three‐phase induction motor. A sliding mode control system is used for position control of the DC motor for adjusting the valve angle for derating the induction motor. The authors present the results of an experiment in which a three‐phase induction motor was subjected to various unbalanced voltage conditions. The results of simulations were used to look into what happened when there were different levels of imbalanced voltage. This was done to determine how these situations changed an induction motor's speed, torque, and efficiency. For this system, the stator current would be greater than the rated current if there was an imbalance in the supply voltage. Therefore, to reduce the amount of power that the three‐phase induction motor can produce, the control system uses a DC motor to reduce the angle of one of the two valves. This decreasing angle continues until the root mean square value of the stator current returns to the rated current. At this point, the derating factor may be calculated by dividing the output power of the three‐phase induction motor in the unbalanced condition by the output power when there are ideal sinusoidal. The MATLAB SIMULINK environment is utilised to perform simulations of the proposed system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Integral-proportional derivative approach for brushless direct current motor speed control.
- Author
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Panjaitan, Seno Darmawan, Priyatman, Hendro, Supriono, and Frizky, Muhammad Revaldi
- Subjects
STANDARD deviations ,AUTOMATIC control systems ,ELECTRIC motors ,BRUSHLESS electric motors ,ELECTRIC vehicles - Abstract
This paper proposed the integral-proportional-derivative (I-PD) as an extension of the conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) method that has been used in many brushless direct current (BLDC) applications to control the BLDC motor that can deal with desired speed (reference) changes. It has elucidated a comprehensive comparative analysis between PID, intending to delineate the most efficacious control approach based on a thorough evaluation. This paper scrutinizes four principal methods: proportional-integral (PI), integral-proportional (I-P), PID, and I-PD. Our findings indicate that in the presence of voltage spike constraints, I-P or IPD emerges as the optimum choice for both four-pole and six-pole motors. Where maximum difference (MaxDiff) is the principal consideration, PI, and I-P are identified as the most suitable methods. Conversely, when the primary objective is to minimize root mean square error (RMSE), PI proves superior for four-pole motors, while PID is preferable for six-pole types. Notably, I-P demonstrates excellent performance in terms of settling time for both motor types. In summation, I-P stands out as the preeminent choice if the objective is to select a singular method that ensures optimal performance across all parameters for a four-pole or six-pole motor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. A Study on an Energy-Regenerative Braking Model Using Supercapacitors and DC Motors.
- Author
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Teasdale, Alistair, Ishaku, Lucky, Amaechi, Chiemela Victor, Adelusi, Ibitoye, and Abdelazim, Abdelrahman
- Subjects
ELECTRIC vehicles ,REGENERATIVE braking ,CAPACITOR banks ,BRAKE systems ,ELECTRIC vehicle batteries - Abstract
This study presents an energy regeneration model and some theory required to construct a regeneration braking system. Due to the effects of carbon dioxide (CO
2 ) emissions, there is increasing interest in the use of electric vehicles (EVs), electric bikes, electric bicycles, electric buses and electric aircraft globally. In order to promote the use of electric transportation systems, there is a need to underscore the impact of net zero emissions. The development of EVs requires regenerating braking system. This study presents the advantages of regenerative braking. This system is globally seen in applications such as electric cars, trams, and trains. In this study, the design specification, design methodology, testing configurations, Simulink model, and recommendations will be outlined. A unique element of this work is the practical experiment that was carried out using 1.5 Amps with no load and 2.15 Amps with a load. The discharge voltage was purely from the 22 W bulb load connected to the capacitor bank as we limited this study to the use of 1.5 Amps and it took 15 min for a full discharge cycle, after which no charge was left in the capacitor bank. The results showed that the discharge rate and charging rate for the regenerative braking system were effective but could be improved. The objective of this paper is to investigate how a supercapacitor works alongside a battery in regenerative braking applications. This study demonstrates that the superconductor used can deliver maximum power when required. Also, it can also withstand elevated peaks in charging or discharging current via the supercapacitor. Combining a battery with a supercapacitor reduces the abrupt load on the battery by shifting it to the capacitor. When these two combinations are used in tandem, the battery pack's endurance and lifespan are both boosted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Dependencies of Parameter and Load Toque Sensitivities of Electric Motor Outputs on Design Requirements.
- Author
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Sevinç, Ata
- Subjects
ELECTRIC motors ,TORQUE ,ELECTRIC transformers ,SENSITIVITY analysis ,PARAMETER estimation - Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Engineering Research & Development (IJERAD) is the property of International Journal of Engineering Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Comparative Analysis of Data-Driven Models for DC Motors with Varying Payloads
- Author
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Wee, Helen Shin Huey, Ahmad, Nur Syazreen, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, Ahmad, Nur Syazreen, editor, Mohamad-Saleh, Junita, editor, and Teh, Jiashen, editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. REAL-TIME CONTROLLER-HARDWARE-IN-THE-LOOP TESTING OF DC MOTOR-DRIVE SYSTEMS.
- Author
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Mohammadi, Fazel and Bok, Rasoul
- Abstract
This paper aims at validating and performance testing of the real-time models for Direct Current (DC) motor-drive systems using Controller-Hardware-in-the-Loop (C-HIL) platform. The DC motor-drive systems are modeled in real-time using STM32F4 Discovery kits, where a minimum time-step of 10 μs is achieved. The closed-loop control scheme is based on adjusting the angular velocity of the DC motor by controlling the armature current, which in turn, controls the developed electromechanical torque of the DC motor. Implementation and performance verification of DC motor-drive systems and the controller can be time-consuming and expensive. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate the practicality of realtime implementation and performance verification of DC motor-drive systems using the C-HIL testing platform to show perfect concordance with the machine theory without the need for costly commercial real-time simulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Three-Tiered Controller for Obstacle Avoidance in a PV Panel-Powered Wheeled Mobile Robot: Considering Actuators and Power Electronics Stages
- Author
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Erik Reyes-Reyes, Benjamin Natanael Santiago-Nogales, Ramon Silva-Ortigoza, Magdalena Marciano-Melchor, Jose Rafael Garcia-Sanchez, Angel Adrian Orta-Quintana, Gilberto Silva-Ortigoza, Hind Taud, and Miguel Hernandez-Bolanos
- Subjects
Artificial potential fields ,DC motors ,DC/DC Buck power converter ,differential flatness control ,hierarchical system ,obstacle avoidance ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
This research addresses the obstacle avoidance problem in wheeled mobile robots powered by renewable energy by considering all subsystems involved. A three-tier hierarchical controller is developed, integrating the technique of artificial potential fields. The proposed controller incorporates the dynamics of the three key subsystems typically found in a wheeled mobile robot: The mechanical structure, actuators, and power electronics. At the highest tier, input-output linearization is combined with artificial potential fields. The medium tier employs two controllers based on differential flatness theory, while the lowest tier incorporates sliding mode control and proportional-integral control. The effectiveness of the control strategy is experimentally validated using a differential drive-type wheeled mobile robot prototype, leveraging the TDK-Lambda G100-17 as a renewable energy emulator, along with the DS1104 board and Matlab-Simulink software. Experiments were conducted under two scenarios: a) the emulation of a commercial photovoltaic panel to simulate realistic operating conditions and b) the application of time-varying input voltages to replicate dynamic power source variations. The experimental results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed controller against sudden changes in system parameters, confirming its reliability and effectiveness.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Tracking Control and Backlash Compensation in an Inverted Pendulum with Switched-Mode PID Controllers
- Author
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Aisha Akbar Awan, Umar S. Khan, Asad Ullah Awan, and Amir Hamza
- Subjects
DC motors ,gear trains ,backlash ,drive–anti-drive mechanism ,root mean square error (RMSE) ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
In electromechanical systems, backlash in gear trains can lead to a degradation in control performance. We propose a drive–anti-drive mechanism to address this issue. It consists of two DC motors that operate in opposite directions. One motor acts as the drive, while the other serves as the anti-drive to compensate for the backlash. This work focuses on switching between the drive and anti-drive motors, controlled by a switched-mode PID controller. Simulation results on an inverted pendulum demonstrate that the proposed scheme effectively compensates for backlash, improving position accuracy and control. This switched controller approach enhances the performance of electromechanical systems, particularly where gear backlash poses challenges to closed-loop performance.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. A random‐effect gamma process model with random initial degradation for accelerated destructive degradation testing data.
- Author
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Ling, Man Ho and Bae, Suk Joo
- Subjects
- *
ACCELERATED life testing , *MONTE Carlo method , *STOCHASTIC processes , *RANDOM effects model , *MAXIMUM likelihood statistics , *AUTOMOBILE engines - Abstract
An accelerated degradation test (ADT) hastens degradation mechanisms of products by loading higher stresses than normal use conditions to shorten testing time. In some situations, degradation levels during ADT can be measured only by destructive inspection where testing units must be destroyed or physical characteristics are significantly changed after measuring the performance degradation. For such an accelerated destructive degradation test (ADDT), initial degradation levels may vary from item to item. In this regard, we propose a random‐effect gamma process model with random initial degradation for the reliability analysis of ADDT data. Under the proposed modeling framework, we derive the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the model parameters and construct an inferential procedure for the parameters and reliability measures of interest, using asymptotic properties of the MLEs. In particular, the mean and the variance of the mean‐time‐to‐failure of the products from the ADDT data are explicitly derived in closed forms. Monte Carlo simulations under various scenarios are performed to validate the performance of proposed maximum likelihood estimation and inferential methods for the ADDT data. Finally, reliability estimation at a normal use condition and inferential procedures are illustrated through an ADDT example of return‐springs in a bi‐functional DC motor system of an automobile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Intelligent Wheelchair Design for Individuals with Disabilities: An IoT Approach Grounded in AI-ML Technologies.
- Author
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Patil, Abhishek, G., Pavithra, and Manjunath, T. C.
- Subjects
ELECTRIC wheelchairs ,WHEELCHAIRS ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,PEOPLE with disabilities ,ASSISTIVE technology ,OLDER people - Abstract
Intelligent Wheel Chairs are mechanical devices that let the person move around on their own. As a result, the wheelchair user needs to exert less energy and effort to turn the wheels. Furthermore, it enables visually or physically challenged individuals to go from one location to another. The wheel-chair also contains a system for recognising obstacles, which reduces the risk of mishaps when moving. In recent years, smart wheelchairs have piqued people's interest. These devices are particularly beneficial for getting from one location to another. The gadgets can also be utilised in nursing homes for elderly people who have trouble moving about. For people who have lost their mobility, the devices are a godsend. There have been several types of intelligent wheelchairs developed in the past, however, new wheelchair generations are being produced and put to use that have artificial intelligence and provide the user a few options. People with certain lifelong disabilities brought on by accident, paralyses, or old aged, sometimes rely on other people for assistance. Their independence is increased by giving them access to remote health care via a health monitoring system, since the doctor continuously keeps track of their health without making any effort. By going there the services online, they can only speak with their doctors directly in the event of an emergency. Intelligent healthcare systems assist impaired individuals because they cannot afford to go acquire entry to the medical systems. There are a lot of disabled people in the world today who have trouble moving around or going about their daily lives. These people are primarily reliant on other people for support. But they can become self-independent and accomplish some everyday activities on their own with the support of assistive gadgets. Wheelchairs are the assistive technology that is most commonly utilised. A wheelchair is essentially a chair with wheels that can assist those who are unable to walk due to disease, a disability, or an injury in getting around. However, many people with disabilities who have weakened joints and limbs are unable to manoeuvre the wheelchair. So they and the rest of society can greatly benefit from smart wheelchairs. Smart wheelchairs are electric-powered wheelchairs with numerous additional features, including computers and cameras. By developing a health monitoring system based on a smart wheelchair that can accommodate more users and doesn't need as much upkeep as wearable technology does, it may be possible to track their health status. Smart wheelchairs prioritise both the user's and the patient's health monitoring in addition to the wheelchair's mobility. The current work's goal is to create a smart sensing by adding sensors to the wheelchair's frame. The project also intends to create a similar wheel chair that is intelligent and so assists the user in their movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
17. Voltage-Based Braking Controls for Electric Vehicles Considering Weather Condition and Road Slope.
- Author
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Kim, Jonghoek
- Subjects
ANTILOCK brake systems in automobiles ,REAL-time control ,WEATHER ,ELECTRIC vehicles ,ANGULAR velocity ,HYDRAULIC brakes - Abstract
This article addresses the braking controls for an electric vehicle with DC motors such that the voltage in the motors is used for controlling the wheel angular velocity. Other papers on the anti-lock braking system (ABS) handled how to derive the braking torque (or braking pressure) for controlling the wheel angular velocity. However, heavy or prolonged braking can cause brake fade or wear. According to EURO 7 regulations, brake fade or wear is not desirable, since the regulations refer to the reduction in particles emitted from brake pads. For avoiding heavy or prolonged braking, this paper does not use a brake unit, such as electro-mechanical brake units or hydraulic brake units, for vehicle stop. Instead, the motor voltage is used for controlling the wheel angular velocity. While a vehicle moves, the goal of this paper is to provide automatic braking controls in real time, so that the vehicle stops safely and smoothly without slippage before colliding with an obstacle. In practice, road conditions can change depending on weather conditions, such as rain or snow. Moreover, road slope can have an effect on the braking distance for the vehicle. Thus, this article introduces automatic braking controls, while considering both road slope and road conditions. This article is unique in presenting automatic braking controls for the smooth stop of electric vehicles with DC motors, while considering both road slope and road conditions. In addition, this article is unique in controlling the motor voltage for controlling the wheel angular velocity, while not requiring any brake units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. High-Efficiency DC–DC Buck Converter with Improved PWM Generator in CMOS Technology
- Author
-
Jin, He
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. A fuzzy-based Predictive PID for DC motor speed control
- Author
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Freitas, John Breno Santos, Marquezan, Lucas, de Oliveira Evald, Paulo Jefferson Dias, Peñaloza, Elmer Alexis Gamboa, and Cely, Marlon Mauricio Hernandez
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Actuators
- Author
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Samanta, Biswanath and Samanta, Biswanath
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Controller Development for Coreless DC Micromotor Speed Control Applications
- Author
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Karnavas, Yannis L., Chatzipapas, Nikolaos V., Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Bindhu, V., editor, Tavares, João Manuel R. S., editor, and Vuppalapati, Chandrasekar, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Condition-Based Monitoring of DC Motors Performed with Autoencoders
- Author
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Włódarczak, Krzysztof, Grzymkowski, Łukasz, Stefański, Tomasz P., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, and Kowalczuk, Zdzislaw, editor
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Enhanced Output Tracking Control for Direct Current Electric Motor Systems Using Bio-Inspired Optimization.
- Author
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Yañez-Badillo, Hugo, Beltran-Carbajal, Francisco, Rivas-Cambero, Ivan, Favela-Contreras, Antonio, Arroyo-Nuñez, Jose Humberto, and Balderas-Gutierrez, Juan Nabor
- Subjects
DIRECT current electric motors ,BIOLOGICALLY inspired computing ,PARTICLE swarm optimization ,BACKSTEPPING control method ,ARTIFICIAL neural networks ,DYNAMICAL systems - Abstract
In this paper, an efficient output reference trajectory tracking control scheme for direct current electric motor systems based on bio-inspired optimization is proposed. The differential flatness structural property of the electric motor along with dynamic tracking error compensation is suitably exploited for the backstepping control design. Off-line optimal selection of control parameters, implementing bio-inspired ant colony and particle swarm optimization algorithms, is addressed by minimizing an objective function where the decision variables are the tracking error and control input effort. A novel adaptive version of the control approach based on B-spline artificial neural networks is provided as well. The introduced flat output feedback tracking control design approach can be further extended for other differentially flat dynamic systems. Considerably perturbed, diverse velocity and position reference trajectory tracking scenarios are developed for demonstrating the acceptable closed-loop system performance. The results prove the efficient and robust tracking of the position and velocity reference profiles planned for the operation of the controlled electric motor system under variable torque disturbances using bio-inspired optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Output Feedback Asymptotic Tracking Control for Uncertain DC Motors.
- Author
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Liang, Xianglong, Yin, Luyue, Yao, Zhikai, and Yao, Jianyong
- Abstract
We are motivated by the real challenges presented in DC motors to develop output feedback controller that are high-accuracy at performance level and with less dynamic information at model level. Existing nonlinear control results that consider full state feedback control are not readily achieving successful design without velocity information, and also requiring relatively detailed model information. This study deals with this issue by establishing a neural network (NN) based robust output feedback control algorithm. The dynamics of the considered DC motors are partially unknown, including unknown friction and unknown external disturbances. The velocity information is estimated by a NN-based velocity observer, where the feed-forward NN aims to alleviate the burden of high feedback gain by approximating the unknown friction. The control gains and the weight parameters in both the observer and the controller are updated on-line, without off-line learning phase required. With the adaptation of control gain, the knowledge of the bound of the unknown external disturbances and NN reconstruction errors are not required in the controller scheme. Eventually, theoretical analysis demonstrates that the developed controller can guarantee asymptotic stability. Extensive comparative simulation results and experiments are implemented to validate the performance of the resulted control strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Effectiveness of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined With Transspinal Electrical Stimulation on Corticospinal Excitability for Individuals With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study.
- Author
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Lin, Bor-Shing, Zhang, Zhao, Peng, Chih-Wei, Chen, Shih-Hsuan, Chan, Wing P., and Lai, Chien-Hung
- Subjects
SPINAL cord injuries ,NEURAL stimulation ,THERAPEUTICS ,ELECTROMYOGRAPHY ,NEUROMODULATION ,ELECTRIC stimulation ,TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation - Abstract
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and transspinal electrical stimulation (tsES) have been proposed as a novel neurostimulation modality for individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). In this study, we integrated magnetic and electrical stimulators to provide neuromodulation therapy to individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). We designed a clinical trial comprising an 8-week treatment period and a 4-week treatment-free observation period. Cortical excitability, clinical features, inertial measurement unit and surface electromyography were assessed every 4 weeks. Twelve individuals with iSCI were recruited and randomly divided into a combined therapy group, a magnetic stimulation group, an electrical stimulation group, or a sham stimulation group. The magnetic and electric stimulations provided in this study were intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) and 2.5-mA direct current (DC) stimulation, respectively. Combined therapy, which involves iTBS and transspinal DC stimulation (tsDCS), was more effective than was iTBS alone or tsDCS alone in terms of increasing corticospinal excitability. In conclusion, the effectiveness of 8-week combined therapy in increasing corticospinal excitability faded 4 weeks after the cessation of treatment. According to the results, combination of iTBS rTMS and tsDCS treatment was more effective than was iTBS rTMS alone or tsDCS alone in enhancing corticospinal excitability. Although promising, the results of this study must be validated by studies with longer interventions and larger sample sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Enhancing Motor Imagery Performance by Antiphasic 10 Hz Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation.
- Author
-
Zhang, Lei, Chen, Long, Wang, Zhongpeng, Liu, Xiuyun, and Ming, Dong
- Subjects
TRANSCRANIAL alternating current stimulation ,MOTOR imagery (Cognition) ,FRONTOPARIETAL network ,ALTERNATING current electric motors ,FUNCTIONAL connectivity - Abstract
Motor imagery (MI), as a cognitive motor process, involves the coordinated activation of frontal and parietal cortices and has been widely studied as an effective way to improve motor functions. However, there are large inter-individual differences in MI performance, with many subjects unable to elicit sufficiently reliable MI brain patterns. It has been shown that dual-site transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) applied on two brain sites can modulate functional connectivity between the targeted regions. Here, we investigated whether electrically stimulating frontal and parietal regions using dual-site tACS at mu frequency will modulate motor imagery performance. Thirty-six healthy participants were recruited and randomly divided into in-phase (0° lag), anti-phase (180° lag) and sham stimulation group. All groups performed the simple (grasping movement) and complex (writing movement) motor imagery tasks before and after tACS. Simultaneously collected EEG data showed that the event-related desynchronization (ERD) of mu rhythm and classification accuracy during complex task were significantly improved after anti-phase stimulation. In addition, anti-phase stimulation resulted in decreased event-related functional connectivity between regions within frontoparietal network in the complex task. In contrast, no beneficial after-effects of anti-phase stimulation were found in the simple task. These findings suggest that dual-site tACS effects on MI dependent on the phase lag of the stimulation and the complexity of the task. Anti-phase stimulation applied to the frontoparietal regions is a promising way to foster demanding MI task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Nonlinear Dynamic States’ Estimation and Prediction Using Polynomial Predictive Modeling.
- Author
-
Sivaraman, Dileep, Ongwattanakul, Songpol, Suthakorn, Jackrit, and Pillai, Branesh M.
- Subjects
PREDICTION models ,POLYNOMIALS ,SERVOMECHANISMS ,KALMAN filtering ,EXTRAPOLATION ,STANDARD deviations - Abstract
In motion-control applications, noise and dynamic nonlinearities influence the performance of control systems and lead to unpredictable disturbances. The dc servo motors used in motion control applications should have precise control methods to achieve the desired responses. Therefore, predicting and compensating for the disturbance are essential for increasing system robustness and achieving high precision and fast reaction. This article introduces the polynomial predictive filtering (PPF) method to estimate the states of a system using polynomial extrapolation of consecutive and evenly spaced sensor data. Acceleration-/torque-based experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness and viability of the proposed method. The difference between the real-time sensor data and the PPF-based predicted value shows a standard deviation of less than 0.15 and $1 \times 10^{-5}$ for the velocity and disturbance torque, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Control of the Dynamics of Mechanical Structures Supporting DC Motors with Limited Power Supply
- Author
-
Djanan, A. A. Nanha, Nbendjo, B. R. Nana, Woafo, P., Ceccarelli, Marco, Series Editor, Agrawal, Sunil K., Advisory Editor, Corves, Burkhard, Advisory Editor, Glazunov, Victor, Advisory Editor, Hernández, Alfonso, Advisory Editor, Huang, Tian, Advisory Editor, Jauregui Correa, Juan Carlos, Advisory Editor, Takeda, Yukio, Advisory Editor, and Balthazar, Jose Manoel, editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Functional Enhancement of an Electric Parking Brake by 'Sensorless' Motor Angle Measurement
- Author
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Hoßfeld, Alexander, Michels, Erwin, Briese, Hermann, Konigorski, Ulrich, and Pfeffer, Peter, editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Migration to solar water pump system: Environmental and economic benefits and their optimization using genetic algorithm Based MPPT
- Author
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Abdelilah Hilali, Yahya Mardoude, Ali Essahlaoui, Abderrafii Rahali, and Najib El Ouanjli
- Subjects
Solar energy ,Water pumping system ,DC motors ,Couplings ,MPPT ,Genetic algorithm ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
The amount of rainfall in Meknes region in Morocco is insufficient to meet agricultural water demand. Pumping methods based on diesel and butane are thus an unavoidable option for local farmers. Nonetheless, the region receives an average of 4.72 kW.m−2.day−1 of solar irradiation per day, thus solar pumping systems can cover irrigation needs while also provide other benefits such as lowering greenhouse gas emissions, minimizing energy expenditures, and aiding in environmental preservation. Farmers in the Meknes region, on the other hand, are hesitant to employ photovoltaic energy to power their equipment. This work has two aims: the first is to explore the solar energy resource in the region. This is to analyze the capacity of the energy resource to adequately meet the energy needs of solar water pumping systems in the region. Secondly, based on the coupling theory, a comparative study was conducted. The objective was to evaluate the two methods of operation of solar systems, namely direct coupling and coupling with a DC–DC adapter with a genetic algorithm. The findings of this study reveal that with this adaptation stage, this solution doubles energy efficiency.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. A novel axial air‐gap transverse flux switching PM generator: Design, simulation and prototyping.
- Author
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Ghaheri, Aghil, Afjei, Ebrahim, and Torkaman, Hossein
- Subjects
- *
PERMANENT magnet generators , *AIR gap flux , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *MAGNETIC structure , *WIND power , *PERMANENT magnets - Abstract
Wind energy as the cleanest source of renewable energy requires a highly efficient lightweight generator that provides maximum power density while having the least vibration noise and maintenance. In this study, an axial air gap transverse flux machine is presented, and all excitation sources are located in the stator. This structure provides lower core loss, weight and cost due to the full utilisation of the permanent magnets, SMC‐free structure and short magnetic flux path. In fact, by combining the features of a flux‐switching machine into a transverse flux generator with an axial air gap, it is possible to improve the performance of a direct‐drive wind turbine generator by overcoming traditional structures' challenges. To analyse the axial transverse flux switching permanent magnet generator performance characteristics, 3D finite element simulations have been performed, which have been validated by comparing them to the practical results of a single‐phase prototype. The results are in agreement with an acceptable error that is caused by manufacturing uncertainties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Design and Analysis of Wireless Resolver for Wireless Switched Reluctance Motors.
- Author
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Wang, Hui, Chau, K. T., Lee, Christopher H. T., and Tian, Xiaoyang
- Subjects
- *
SWITCHED reluctance motors , *WIRELESS power transmission , *HALL effect , *WIRELESS sensor networks , *RELUCTANCE motors - Abstract
In this article, a wireless resolver is proposed and implemented for wireless switched reluctance (SR) motors, which can detect the rotor position and transfer the information to the primary side without involving any battery storage or active components at the secondary side. The key is to integrate wireless power transfer (WPT) into a variable reluctance resolver to detect and transmit the rotor position. Compared with previous wireless SR motors adopting the Hall effect position encoder and Bluetooth communication, the robustness is highly improved, and the communication delay caused by the connection interval can be solved. Therefore, the proposed system takes the definite advantages of better dynamic performance and sealability. Besides, there is no need to specially design the SR motor, as all existing SR motors and other similar kinds of motors can readily employ this wireless resolver. An experimental prototype has been built for verification, which works well from 100 to 900 rpm with 20 mm WPT distance, and the additional power for position detection can be limited to 1.05 W while the motor consumes 54 W. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Modeling and research of methods for speed and torque control of DC motors.
- Author
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QAWAQZEH, Mohamed, AL_ISSA, Huthaifa A., SOROKA, Kostiantyn, KHARCHENKO, Viktor, LYSYCHENKO, Mykola, MIROSHNYK, Oleksandr, KOVALYSHYN, Stepan, SHCHUR, Taras, and KIEŁBASA, Paweł
- Subjects
TORQUE control ,ELECTRIC torque motors ,OPERATIONAL amplifiers ,PID controllers ,RESEARCH methodology - Abstract
Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Automated grass cutter using renewable energy
- Author
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Lingappa J., Raghavender V., Aparna G., and Manideep Ch.
- Subjects
android uno microcontroller ,bluetooth ,grass cutter ,solar energy ,dc motors ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
Traditional grass cutting relies on manpower, consuming time and often resulting in an uneven grass height structure. To circumvent these challenges, it is imperative to develop a system capable of grass cutting without human intervention. This study introduces a grass-cutting robot powered by a solar-charged battery. The operation of this robot is conveniently controlled through an Android phone. Notably, this system is cost-effective compared to alternative solutions, boasting a rugged, durable, and maintenance-free design. Additionally, its reliance on solar energy for battery charging renders the system environmentally friendly and free from pollution.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Effect of adding small applications after verification experiment in a power electronics course
- Author
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Guopeng Zhao
- Subjects
power electronics ,DC-DC power convertors ,educational courses ,DC motors ,teaching ,machine control ,Computer engineering. Computer hardware ,TK7885-7895 - Abstract
Abstract In order to deepen the understanding of power electronics circuits, in this study, a teaching method of adding simple small applications of circuits on the basis of basic verification experiments is proposed. Teachers teach basic principles and applications of circuits, and students conduct basic verification experiments of circuits in the laboratory. Simple application experiments are added after the verification experiments. The full‐bridge DC‐DC converter circuit is taken as an example to carry out practical teaching. After completing the function of the full‐bridge DC‐DC converter circuit, a load of DC motor is used. The full‐bridge DC‐DC converter circuit is used to control the speed of the DC motor so as to realise the simple application of the full‐bridge DC‐DC converter circuit with a motor speed control function. By comparing the experimental realisation rate, the correct rate of thinking questions and the in‐depth understanding of the application theory of two experimental classes, namely the class with simple applications and the class without simple applications, it is shown that the students with simple application experiments improved the correct rate of thinking questions and deepened their understanding of the applications. Compared with the situation in which most students in the class that did not conduct the application experiment did not know the application principle in detail, most students in the class that conducted the application experiment had a deep understanding of the applications. Through the questionnaire survey of students, it is observed that the method proposed in this study could deepen the understanding of circuits and the students had a simple and preliminary understanding of the applications of power electronics technology. It improved students' interest in the course and their practicing ability. The proposed teaching method had a good effect.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. A study on reducing eddy current loss of sleeve and improving torque density using ferrofluid of a surface permanent magnet synchronous motor
- Author
-
Si‐Woo Song, Min‐Jae Jeong, Kwang‐Soo Kim, Ju Lee, and Won‐Ho Kim
- Subjects
AC motors ,DC motors ,eddy current losses ,electric machines ,electric motors ,magnetic fluids ,Applications of electric power ,TK4001-4102 - Abstract
Abstract It has advantages such as high power density and miniaturisation when the motor operates at high speed. However, as a side effect, the loss density is much higher than that of a constant speed motor. In addition, a retaining sleeve is inserted in the high‐speed motors to prevent the rotor from scattering. This insertion deteriorates the performance due to the increase of airgap, and eddy current loss occurs in the sleeve. In order to improve these shortcomings, the sleeve is redesigned in this paper. A groove was dug into the retaining sleeve and ferrofluid was injected. Ferrofluid refers to water or oil mixed with ultra‐fine powder. Since the permeability of ferrofluid is greater than that of airgap, it is possible to have high output and high efficiency. Since the material of the sleeve is non‐permeable, the performance is reduced with the same effect as increasing the airgap. However, if a ferrofluid is inserted by digging a groove in the retaining sleeve, the magnetic flux from the magnet flows into the stator through the ferrofluid, which has the same effect as reducing the airgap. Therefore, the torque density increases. Also, the eddy current loss is reduced through the retained sleeve groove. Moreover, a sleeve skew structure was used to further reduce the eddy current loss. In this paper, the mechanical rigidity at the rated speed was also taken into consideration. As a result, eddy current loss was reduced and torque density was improved. This is verified through the final finite element analysis.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Discerning Discretization for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles DC Motor Control.
- Author
-
Menezes, Jovan and Sands, Timothy
- Subjects
MOTOR vehicles ,ADAPTIVE control systems ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,DISCRETIZATION methods ,REMOTE submersibles ,PARAMETER estimation ,SUBMERSIBLES ,UNCERTAIN systems - Abstract
Discretization is the process of converting a continuous function or model or equation into discrete steps. In this work, learning and adaptive techniques are implemented to control DC motors that are used for actuating control surfaces of unmanned underwater vehicles. Adaptive control is a strategy wherein the controller is designed to adapt the system with parameters that vary or are uncertain. Parameter estimation is the process of computing the parameters of a system using a model and measured data. Adaptive methods have been used in conjunction with different parameter estimation techniques. As opposed to the ubiquitous stochastic artificial intelligence approaches, very recently proposed deterministic artificial intelligence, a learning-based approach that uses the physics-defined process dynamics, is also applied to control the output of the DC motor to track a specified trajectory. This work goes further to evaluate the performance of the adaptive and learning techniques based on different discretization methods. The results are evaluated based on the absolute error mean between the output and the reference trajectory and the standard deviation of the error. The first-order hold method of discretization and surprisingly large sample time of seven-tenths of a second yields greater than sixty percent improvement over the results presented in the prequel literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Neural Speed–Torque Estimator for Induction Motors in the Presence of Measurement Noise.
- Author
-
Verma, Sagar, Henwood, Nicolas, Castella, Marc, Jebai, Al Kassem, and Pesquet, Jean-Christophe
- Subjects
- *
INDUCTION motors , *NOISE measurement , *VARIABLE speed drives - Abstract
In this article, a neural network (NN) approach is introduced to estimate the nonnoisy speed and torque from noisy measured currents and voltages in induction motors with variable speed drives. The proposed estimation method is comprised of a neural speed–torque estimator and a neural signal denoiser. A new training strategy is introduced that combines large amount of simulated data and a small amount of real-world data. The proposed denoiser does not require nonnoisy ground-truth data for training, and instead uses classification labels that are easily generated from real-world data. This approach improves upon existing noise removal techniques by learning to denoise as well as classify noisy signals into static and dynamic parts. The proposed NN-based denoiser generates clean estimates of currents and voltages that are then used as inputs to the NN estimator of speed and torque. Extensive experiments show that the proposed joint denoising-estimation strategy performs very well on real data benchmarks. The proposed denoising method is shown to outperform several widely used denoising methods and a proper ablation study of the proposed method is conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Review on Solar Photovoltaic-Powered Pumping Systems.
- Author
-
Gevorkov, Levon, Domínguez-García, José Luis, and Romero, Lluis Trilla
- Subjects
- *
SOLAR pumps , *HYDRAULIC machinery , *SOLAR technology , *MAXIMUM power point trackers , *SOLAR energy , *WATER pumps , *ON-chip charge pumps , *POWER resources , *PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation - Abstract
Water and energy are becoming more and more important in agriculture, urban areas and for the growing population worldwide, particularly in developing countries. To provide access to water it is necessary to use appropriate pumping systems and supply them with enough energy for operation. Pumps powered by solar photovoltaic energy are complex electromechanical systems that include hydraulic equipment, electrical machines, sensors, power converters, and control units. Therefore, solar photovoltaic pumping systems are associated with various fields of science and engineering. In remote, less-populated areas without electricity, where it is either challenging to connect to the grid or it is not possible, solar photovoltaic water pumping systems can play a significant role. To see whether solar photovoltaic pumping systems may be a practical, viable, and affordable method of pumping water it is necessary to study different aspects of their operation. The goal of this current article is to evaluate and outline recent research and advancement in the field of solar photovoltaic pumping systems. The major focus is on the standalone photovoltaic pumping system's components, factors that affect system efficiency, performance evaluation, system optimization, and the potential for integration with modern control techniques. The main objective of this article is to give a broader overview of solar photovoltaic technologies for researchers, engineers, and decision-makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Neural Active Disturbance Rejection Adaptive Lateral Manipulation Control Method for Unmanned Driving Robot.
- Author
-
Chen, Gang, Jiang, Yichen, and Guo, Keyi
- Abstract
In this article, a neural active disturbance rejection adaptive lateral manipulation control method for an unmanned driving robot (UDR) is proposed to realize accurate and stable steering and path tracking. Combined with a model of the manipulated vehicle and steering manipulator, an integrated dynamics model of the vehicle manipulated by a UDR is established. Taking the error of the body heading angle and the lateral error of the vehicle as input, an active disturbance rejection controller is designed; it includes a tracking differentiator, nonlinear state error feedback (NLSEF) device, and an extended state observer. To achieve a better performance, the combination mode of the NLSEF is adjusted adaptively by a radial basis function NN. The network is then initialized by a particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally, the results of simulations and experiments show that the proposed method effectively improves the performance of stable steering and path tracking of the UDR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Eigenstructure through Matrix Adjugates and Admissible Pairs.
- Author
-
El-Ghezawi, Omar M. E.
- Subjects
MATRICES (Mathematics) ,EIGENVECTORS ,EIGENVALUES ,STATE feedback (Feedback control systems) ,POLYNOMIALS - Abstract
The traditional eigenstructure assignment method is reconsidered in this paper, shedding light on its nature and some of its properties. The approach is through matrix adjugates which enable a more eloquent decomposition compared to the lumped solution usually obtained through matrix null spaces. Based on the new approach, the admissible pair (w , z) is formalized. The new approach enables an alternative methodology to the determination of the permissible closed loop eigenvector subspaces and the might be termed the companion input-subspace. Such approach renders the method a formulae-based method as w and z are now obtained formula-wise as opposed to being extracted out of a lumped solution. Compared to the traditional method, the study reveals information such as w and z are independently and explicitly determined. Moreover, newly assigned eigenvalues always result in z ≠ 0 , the input matrix B does not influence z and a fundamental feature of the open loop characteristic polynomial is exposed. Furthermore, closed loop eigenvectors associated with repeated eigenvalues can be explicitly computed by means of differentiation as opposed to null space determination. A special form of system representation is highlighted, which considerably eases the calculations. The myriad concepts pointed out have been demonstrated and authenticated through carefully selected examples involving real, complex, repeated eigenvalues, and two practical systems of an electrical nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Microcontroller Based Smart Grinder for Automatic Batter Collection and Grinder Cleaning
- Author
-
Neethu, B. N., Vijai Srinivas, D., Jayanthy, S., Judeson Antony Kovilpillai, J., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Ranganathan, G., editor, Chen, Joy, editor, and Rocha, Álvaro, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Teaching method of designing experiment from the perspective of teacher in power electronics course
- Author
-
Guopeng Zhao
- Subjects
machine control ,educational courses ,PWM invertors ,power electronics ,DC‐DC power convertors ,DC motors ,Computer engineering. Computer hardware ,TK7885-7895 - Abstract
Abstract In order to solve the problem of lacking active learning and independent problem‐solving ability in the verification experiment, an experimental teaching method of designing experiment from the perspective of the teacher is proposed, in which the roles of students and teachers are changed. Students are made familiar with the platform through a verification experiment in which the teacher gives the experiment guidebook and provides guidance. Then, the target of another experiment is given. The students design the experiment from the perspective of the teacher, and write the experiment guidebook, including the experimental objectives, the experimental contents and the implementation methods. Then the students do the experiment. The power electronics experiment course is taken as an example to introduce the proposed method. The Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) inverter circuit experiment is taken as the verification experiment. After the students are familiar with the platform functions, they design a DC motor speed regulation experiment with a full bridge DC‐DC circuit, write a guidebook, and complete the experiment according to the steps in the guide book. Finally, according to the success rate and the correct rate of the results, most students can complete the design experiment from the perspective of the teacher, and the answers to the thinking questions are basically correct. According to the questionnaire survey, the method proposed improves the students' ability of autonomous learning and problem‐solving with good results.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Enhanced Output Tracking Control for Direct Current Electric Motor Systems Using Bio-Inspired Optimization
- Author
-
Hugo Yañez-Badillo, Francisco Beltran-Carbajal, Ivan Rivas-Cambero, Antonio Favela-Contreras, Jose Humberto Arroyo-Nuñez, and Juan Nabor Balderas-Gutierrez
- Subjects
machines ,DC motors ,robust control ,differential flatness ,backstepping control ,optimization ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 - Abstract
In this paper, an efficient output reference trajectory tracking control scheme for direct current electric motor systems based on bio-inspired optimization is proposed. The differential flatness structural property of the electric motor along with dynamic tracking error compensation is suitably exploited for the backstepping control design. Off-line optimal selection of control parameters, implementing bio-inspired ant colony and particle swarm optimization algorithms, is addressed by minimizing an objective function where the decision variables are the tracking error and control input effort. A novel adaptive version of the control approach based on B-spline artificial neural networks is provided as well. The introduced flat output feedback tracking control design approach can be further extended for other differentially flat dynamic systems. Considerably perturbed, diverse velocity and position reference trajectory tracking scenarios are developed for demonstrating the acceptable closed-loop system performance. The results prove the efficient and robust tracking of the position and velocity reference profiles planned for the operation of the controlled electric motor system under variable torque disturbances using bio-inspired optimization.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Direct Electric Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Power Transfer Using On-Board Drivetrain and Motor Windings.
- Author
-
B S, Umesh, Khadkikar, Vinod, Zeineldin, Hatem H., Singh, Shakti, Otrok, Hadi, and Mizouni, Rabeb
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRIC vehicles , *INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) , *FINITE element method , *DC-to-DC converters , *ELECTRICAL load , *MOTOR vehicles - Abstract
Vehicle to vehicle (V2V) energy sharing is emerging as an alternate solution to range anxiety and limited charging infrastructure challenges associated with electric vehicles (EVs). The existing off-board dc fast charging options for V2V application found in the literature are not effective due to the additional weight, size and cost of the external charger or interface. In this article, a new V2V interface is proposed in which both EV’s motor winding neutrals and negative rails of on-board drivetrains are directly connected to each other. This further helps in forming an integrated dual bidirectional dc–dc converter to control the direction of power flow. The proposed approach does not require reconfiguration of motor winding or mechanical clutch to arrest the motor from rotating and/or the reconfiguration of drivetrain inverter connections. The major hardware requirement for the proposed approach is, access to the already existing neutral connection of the EV motor phase windings. To achieve dc fast charging, all three-legs of voltage source inverter of energy Provider-EV are switched using interleaved pulsewidth modulation. Furthermore, finite element analysis is presented for 150 kW EV motor model and its performance validation with the high frequency dc current flowing in the motor windings during the V2V operation. A scaled lab prototype is developed to demonstrate the energy sharing between two Lithium-ion battery banks through the proposed direct V2V power transfer concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Optimal Virtual Inertia Design for VSG-Based Motor Starting Systems to Improve Motor Loading Capacity.
- Author
-
Tao, Liang, Zha, Xiaoming, Tian, Zhen, and Sun, Jianjun
- Subjects
- *
VIRTUAL design , *SYNCHRONOUS generators , *VOLTAGE references , *ENERGY storage , *BRUSHLESS direct current electric motors , *SYNCHRONOUS electric motors , *ELECTRIC capacity , *INERTIA (Mechanics) - Abstract
Virtual synchronous generator (VSG)-based control approaches for AC machine drivers have attracted much attention in recent years. The contradiction between the strong motor loading capacity and the small DC voltage fluctuation is disregarded in previous studies. A larger virtual inertia is required to raise the torque gain and drive the motor with heavier loads, thus resulting in greater DC voltage variations. A systematic method is proposed for the optimal design of the virtual inertia for VSG-based motor starting systems to achieve the maximal motor loading capacity and the low DC voltage fluctuation in this paper. Firstly, the relationship between the virtual inertia and the loading capacity is revealed on the basis of the closed-loop analysis. Considering the DC voltage variation, the constraint on the maximal value of the virtual inertia is proposed from the energy-balance perspective despite the unknown contribution of the DC capacitors to the virtual inertia. To fully exploit the energy storage capacity of the DC capacitors and raise the upper limit of the virtual inertia under the same permitted DC voltage variation, a modified DC voltage reference is introduced. Extensive simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Broad Comparison of Multilevel Inverter Topologies Operating in Hostile Environments: DC Transmission Applicability and Feasibility.
- Author
-
Silva, Caio Eduardo, Alzamora, Andre Mendonca, and Paula, Helder de
- Subjects
- *
INSULATED gate bipolar transistors , *ELECTRIC current rectifiers , *CABLES , *ELECTROLYTIC capacitors , *INDUCTION motors , *MOTOR drives (Electric motors) , *ALUMINUM films - Abstract
Especially in the mining industry, pulsewidth modulation voltage source converters driving induction motors located far away are often present. In this case, due to the long cable used for the converter-to-motor connection, several unwanted high-frequency phenomena are generated. In this context, a new configuration for motor drive systems was proposed, in which the rectifier is kept in its original position and the inverter bridge is installed close to the motor terminals, being the long cable used as a dc transmission line. Since this environment is always more hostile and can compromise the inverter lifetime, new concerns regarding the system reliability arise, despite the various technical-economic advantages of this new configuration. In this way, this article presents a comprehensive comparison of commercially widely accepted multilevel inverter topologies, searching for the best technical features for the aforementioned dc transmission applicability/feasibility. Simulations were performed assessing several essential quantities/indexes, with a major focus on reliability. Then, a discussion was made seeking those sets that could minimize the implementation costs and improve the system reliability, concerning the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBTs) and the metalized film and aluminum electrolytic capacitors of the dc link. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Advanced Nonswitching Discrete Time Sliding Mode Control for Speed Tracking of a DC Motor.
- Author
-
Samantaray, Jagannath and Chakrabarty, Sohom
- Subjects
- *
SLIDING mode control , *SPEED - Abstract
In this article, a detailed analysis of fast output sampling (FOS)-based multirate output feedback (MROF) technique is done in the context of discrete time sliding mode control (DTSMC) based on nonswitching reaching law. In addition, for better performance and improved robustness, the relative degree of the sliding variable is chosen as two instead of one. Quantitative analysis of robustness in terms of ultimate band for the relative degree two (RD2) approach is done and compared with that of relative degree one (RD1) approach. First, only RD1 and RD2 approaches are proposed for speed tracking of a dc motor under parametric uncertainty. Then the same task is done using MROF-based RD1 and RD2 approaches. The proposed work is validated experimentally and is used for tracking a reference speed of a dc motor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Four-Vector Phase Model Predictive Voltage Control for Half-Centralized Open-End Winding Permanent-Magnet Linear Motor Systems.
- Author
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Jiang, Yixin, Wang, Wei, Wang, Zheng, Hua, Wei, and Cheng, Ming
- Subjects
- *
VOLTAGE control , *LINEAR systems , *PREDICTION models , *POWER electronics , *PERMANENT magnet motors - Abstract
In order to achieve the purpose of extending the speed range and reducing power electronics devices for the permanent-magnet linear motor drive system, a half-centralized open-end winding (OEW) topology is studied for rail transit applications in this paper. In this topology, compared with the traditional OEW topology, the number of voltage-source-inverters (VSIs) can be reduced from four to three to drive two OEW movers and all these VSIs share a common dc bus voltage. In order to improve the steady-state performances, a four-vector phase model predictive voltage control (FV-PMPVC) is proposed in this paper. Due to the spatial distribution of phase voltage vector (PVV), an orthometric synthesis principle (OSP) is proposed to calculated the duration time for the vector synthesis, which reduces the computation burden and enhances the robustness. Comparing the existing control method, FV-PMPVC can get similar dynamic performances but better steady-state performances. Additionally, the half-centralized topology using FV-PMPVC can have same speed range while less VSIs are required. The effectiveness of FV-PMPVC is verified by experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. A New Embodied Motor-Neuron Architecture.
- Author
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Arena, Paolo, Patane, Luca, and Spinosa, Angelo Giuseppe
- Subjects
ACTION potentials ,MOTOR neurons ,SERVOMECHANISMS ,ADAPTIVE control systems ,NONLINEAR oscillators ,ACTUATORS ,MICROCONTROLLERS - Abstract
This brief introduces a novel bioinspired motor neuron dynamical unit where the neural dynamics, responsible for the generation of the action potentials, is embedded into the actuator dynamics, which here plays the role of, and substitutes, the recovery variable into the classical neuron equations. A recently introduced nullcline-based control strategy, over servomotors embedded into piecewise linearly approximated FitzHugh–Nagumo neuron models, is here applied to the synchronization of two embodied motor-neuron units in the form of either a continuously active proportional gain or an event-driven strategy. In view of the application to such problems as the generation of adaptive control laws for distributed oscillatory networks, at the basis of bioinspired walking machines, the advantages in terms of the reduced-order dynamical equations and ease of synchronization are presented both through simulations and with experiments devoted to control networked Dynamixel MX-28AT servomotors via an microcontroller unit (MCU) board. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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