1,239 results on '"D. Drummond"'
Search Results
2. Live Cell Measurement of the Intracellular pH of Yeast by Flow Cytometry Using a Genetically-Encoded Fluorescent Reporter
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Catherine Triandafillou and D. Drummond
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The intracellular pH of yeast is a tightly regulated physiological cue that changes in response to growth state and environmental conditions. Fluorescent reporters, which have altered fluorescence in response to local pH changes, can be used to measure intracellular pH. While microscopy is often used to make such measurements, it is relatively low-throughput such that collecting enough data to fully characterize populations of cells is challenging. Flow cytometry avoids this drawback, and is a powerful tool that allows for rapid, high-throughput measurement of fluorescent readouts in individual cells. When combined with pH-sensitive fluorescent reporters, it can be used to characterize the intracellular pH of large populations of cells at the single-cell level. We adapted microscopy and flow-cytometry based methods to measure the intracellular pH of yeast. Cells can be grown under near-native conditions up until the point of measurement, and the protocol can be adapted to single-point or dynamic (time-resolved) measurements during changing environmental conditions.
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- 2020
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3. Vitamin D Receptor Expression in Dogs
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J.A. Cartwright, A.G. Gow, E. Milne, D. Drummond, S. Smith, I. Handel, and R.J. Mellanby
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Immunohistochemistry ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Chronic enteropathy ,Tight junctions ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Background There is growing evidence linking low blood vitamin D concentration to numerous diseases in people and in dogs. Vitamin D influences cellular function by signaling through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Little is known about which non‐skeletal tissues express the VDR or how inflammation influences its expression in the dog. Objectives To define which non‐skeletal canine tissues express the VDR and to investigate expression in inflamed small intestine. Animals Thirteen non‐skeletal tissues were collected prospectively from 6 control dogs. Thirty‐five dogs diagnosed with a chronic enteropathy (CE) and 24 control dogs were prospectively enrolled and duodenal biopsies were evaluated for VDR expression. Methods Prospective; blinded assessment of canine intestinal VDR. Dogs with CE were included once other identifiable causes of intestinal disease were excluded. Age matched controls were included with no intestinal clinical signs. VDR expression was assessed immunohistochemically in all samples, using a Rat IgG VDR monoclonal antibody. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was also used for duodenal biopsies. Results VDR expression as assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) was highest in the kidney, duodenum, skin, ileum and spleen, and weak in the colon, heart, lymph node, liver, lung, and ovary. Gastric and testicular tissue did not express the VDR. There was no statistical difference in duodenal VDR expression between the 24 healthy dogs and 34 dogs with CE when quantified by either qPCR (P = 0.87) or IHC (P = 0.099). Conclusions and Clinical Importance The lack of down regulation of VDR expression in inflamed intestine contrasts with previous studies in humans. Our findings support future studies to investigate whether vitamin D and its analogues can be used to modulate intestinal inflammation in the dog.
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- 2018
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4. A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR WATER REMOVAL IN THE PRESS SECTION OF A PAPER MANUFACTURE INDUSTRY
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D. Drummond, M.T.M. Rodrigues, I. Grossmann, and R. Guirardello
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Chemical engineering ,TP155-156 ,Computer engineering. Computer hardware ,TK7885-7895 - Abstract
Not available.
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- 2009
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5. WSI2ML - An Open-Source Whole Slide Image Annotation Software for Machine Learning Applications.
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Luan V. C. Martins, Adriana Passos Bueno, Alexandre Defelicibus, Rodrigo D. Drummond, Renan Valieris, Yu-Tao Zhu, Israel Tojal da Silva, and Liang Zhao 0001
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- 2023
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6. A mixture model for determining SARS-Cov-2 variant composition in pooled samples.
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Renan Valieris, Rodrigo D. Drummond, Alexandre Defelicibus, Emmanuel Dias-Neto, Rafael Rosales, and Israel T. da Silva
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- 2022
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7. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the effects of an Ocimum tenuiflorum (Holy Basil) extract (HolixerTM) on stress, mood, and sleep in adults experiencing stress
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Adrian L. Lopresti, Stephen J. Smith, Alexandra P. Metse, and Peter D. Drummond
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Ocimum tenuiflorum (Indian Holy Basil) ,insomnia ,randomized controlled (clinical) trial ,sleep ,stress ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
BackgroundIn Ayurveda, Ocimum tenuiflorum (Holy Basil) is referred to as “the elixir of life” and is believed to promote longevity and general wellbeing. Although limited, there are clinical trials to suggest Ocimum tenuiflorum has anti-stress effects.PurposeExamine the effects of a standardized Ocimum tenuiflorum extract (HolixerTM) on subjective and objective measures of stress and sleep quality in adults experiencing stress.Study designTwo-arm, parallel-group, 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry trial registration number ACTRN12621000609853.MethodsOne hundred volunteers aged 18–65 years received either 125 mg of Ocimum tenuiflorum twice daily or a placebo. Outcome measures included the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) (primary outcome measure), Profile of Mood States, Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Restorative Sleep Questionnaire, and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-29. Sleep quality was also assessed using a wrist-worn sleep tracker (Fitbit), and stress changes were examined by measuring between-group differences in hair cortisol and stress responses after exposure to an experiment stress procedure known as the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST).ResultsCompared to the placebo, Ocimum tenuiflorum supplementation was associated with greater improvements in PSS (p = 0.003) and AIS (p = 0.025) scores; and at week 8, concentrations in hair cortisol were also lower (p = 0.025). Moreover, Ocimum tenuiflorum supplementation was associated with a buffered stress responses after exposure to the MAST as demonstrated by significantly lower concentrations in salivary cortisol (p = 0.001), salivary amylase (p = 0.001), systolic (p = 0.010) and diastolic (p = 0.025) blood pressure, and subjective stress ratings (p < 0.001). Ocimum tenuiflorum supplementation was well-tolerated with no reports of major adverse effects.ConclusionThe results from this trial suggest that 8 weeks of supplementation with an Ocimum tenuiflorum extract (HolixerTM) may reduce objective and subjective measures of stress, and improve subjective measures of sleep quality. However, further research using gold-standard objective sleep measures will be required to substantiate the sleep-related findings.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12621000609853p.aspx, identifier: ACTRN12621000609853p.
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- 2022
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8. An Optimized Subspace-Based Approach to Synchrophasor Estimation.
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Zachary D. Drummond, Kevin E. Claytor, David R. Allee, and David M. Hull
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- 2021
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9. Discovering Quantum Phase Transitions with Fermionic Neural Networks.
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Gino Cassella, Halvard Sutterud, Sam Azadi, N. D. Drummond, David Pfau, James S. Spencer, and W. Matthew C. Foulkes
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- 2022
10. A Macroscopic Quantum Three-Box Paradox: Finding Consistency with Weak Macroscopic Realism.
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Channa Hatharasinghe, Manushan Thenabadu, Peter D. Drummond, and Margaret D. Reid
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- 2023
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11. A hybrid projection algorithm for stochastic differential equations on manifolds.
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Ria Rushin Joseph, Jesse van Rhijn, and Peter D. Drummond
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- 2021
12. The Pain-Invalidation Scale: Measuring Patient Perceptions of Invalidation Toward Chronic Pain
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Melinda Nicola, Helen Correia, Graeme Ditchburn, and Peter D. Drummond
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Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Psychometrics ,Neurology ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Emotions ,Humans ,Neurology (clinical) ,Chronic Pain ,Factor Analysis, Statistical - Abstract
Increasing evidence reveals the damaging impact of having one's chronic pain symptoms invalidated through disbelief, discrediting, and critical judgement. In other instances, a caregiver's over-attentiveness to the daily tasks of individuals with pain can be problematic, potentially undermining rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to develop an instrument to measure different aspects of invalidation perceived by people with chronic pain. Item generation was informed through literature review and a thematic analysis of narratives from 431 peer-reviewed articles. The crowdsourcing platform Prolific was used to distribute survey items to participants. In Study 1A, Principal Component Analysis was performed on data from 302 respondents, giving rise to 4 subscales, including: Invalidation by the Self, Invalidation by Immediate Others, Invalidation by Healthcare Professionals, and Invalidation by Over-attentive Others. Confirmatory Factor Analysis of data collected from another 308 individuals in Study 1B supported the 4-factor model of the Pain-Invalidation Scale (Pain-IS) and identified a best-fit model with 24 items. The Pain-IS was further validated in another 300 individuals in Study 2. The Pain-IS demonstrates sound psychometric properties and may serve as a valuable tool for use by clinicians in the detection of pain-invalidation issues, as a first step in patient pain management. PERSPECTIVE: Links between pain-invalidation and pain levels, as well as functional detriment, highlight the importance of having one's chronic pain experience heard, believed, and accepted. The Pain-Invalidation Scale is designed to identify domains where invalidation of the patient's pain should be addressed to promote emotional processing, treatment adherence, and improved outcomes.
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- 2022
13. The Feasibility and Efficacy of a Brief Integrative Treatment for Adults With Depression and/or Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Adrian L. Lopresti PhD, Stephen J. Smith MA, Alexandra P. Metse PhD, Tiffany Foster MA, and Peter D. Drummond PhD
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Other systems of medicine ,RZ201-999 ,Homeopathy ,RX1-681 - Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and suitability of a brief integrative intervention, Personalized Integrative Therapy (PI Therapy), for the treatment of adult depression and/or anxiety. In this 6-week, 3-arm, parallel-group, randomized trial, PI Therapy delivered alone or with nutritional supplements (PI Therapy + Supps) was compared to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in 48 adults with depression and/or anxiety. All treatments were delivered as a 1-day workshop plus 6 weeks of reminder phone text messages to reinforce topics and skills covered in the workshop. Affective symptoms decreased significantly and to the same extent in all 3 conditions. At the end of treatment, 33% to 58% of participants reported levels of depressive symptoms in the normal range, and 50% to 58% reported nonclinical levels of anxiety. Compared to CBT and PI Therapy, PI Therapy + Supps was associated with significantly greater improvements in sleep quality. These findings suggest that a brief integrative intervention with or without supplements was comparable to CBT in reducing affective symptoms in adults with depression and/or anxiety. However, sleep quality improved only in the PI Therapy + Supps condition. These findings will require replication with a larger cohort.
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- 2020
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14. signeR: an empirical Bayesian approach to mutational signature discovery.
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Rafael Rosales, Rodrigo D. Drummond, Renan Valieris, Emmanuel Dias-Neto, and Israel T. da Silva
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- 2017
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15. Algorithms for integration of stochastic differential equations using parallel optimized sampling in the Stratonovich calculus.
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Simon Kiesewetter and Peter D. Drummond
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- 2017
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16. Midpoint projection algorithm for stochastic differential equations on manifolds
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Ria Rushin Joseph, Jesse van Rhijn, and Peter D. Drummond
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- 2023
17. The Solar Orbiter SPICE Instrument An Extreme UV imaging spectrometer
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M. Anderson, T. Appourchaux, F. Auchère, R. Aznar Cuadrado, J. Barbay, F. Baudin, S. Beardsley, K. Bocchialini, B. Borgo, D. Bruzzi, E. Buchlin, G. Burton, V. Büchel, M. Caldwell, S. Caminade, M. Carlsson, W. Curdt, J. Davenne, J. Davila, C. E. DeForest, G. Del Zanna, D. Drummond, J. Dubau, C. Dumesnil, G. Dunn, P. Eccleston, A. Fludra, T. Fredvik, A. Gabriel, A. Giunta, A. Gottwald, D. Griffin, T. Grundy, S. Guest, M. Gyo, M. Haberreiter, V. Hansteen, R. Harrison, D. M. Hassler, S. V. H. Haugan, C. Howe, M. Janvier, R. Klein, S. Koller, T. A. Kucera, D. Kouliche, E. Marsch, A. Marshall, G. Marshall, S. A. Matthews, C. McQuirk, S. Meining, C. Mercier, N. Morris, T. Morse, G. Munro, S. Parenti, C. Pastor-Santos, H. Peter, D. Pfiffner, P. Phelan, A. Philippon, A. Richards, K. Rogers, C. Sawyer, P. Schlatter, W. Schmutz, U. Schühle, B. Shaughnessy, S. Sidher, S. K. Solanki, R. Speight, M. Spescha, N. Szwec, C. Tamiatto, L. Teriaca, W. Thompson, I. Tosh, S. Tustain, J.-C. Vial, B. Walls, N. Waltham, R. Wimmer-Schweingruber, S. Woodward, P. Young, A. De Groof, A. Pacros, D. Williams, and D. Müller
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Astronomy ,Astrophysics - Abstract
Aims. The Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE) instrument is a high-resolution imaging spectrometer operating at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths. In this paper, we present the concept, design, and pre-launch performance of this facility instrument on the ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission. Methods. The goal of this paper is to give prospective users a better understanding of the possible types of observations, the data acquisition, and the sources that contribute to the instrument’s signal. Results. The paper discusses the science objectives, with a focus on the SPICE-specific aspects, before presenting the instrument’s design, including optical, mechanical, thermal, and electronics aspects. This is followed by a characterisation and calibration of the instrument’s performance. The paper concludes with descriptions of the operations concept and data processing. Conclusions. The performance measurements of the various instrument parameters meet the requirements derived from the mission’s science objectives. The SPICE instrument is ready to perform measurements that will provide vital contributions to the scientific success of the Solar Orbiter mission.
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- 2020
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18. Objective Quantum Fields, Retrocausality and Ontology
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Peter D. Drummond and Margaret D. Reid
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quantum ,ontology ,reality ,measurement ,fields ,retrocausality ,Science ,Astrophysics ,QB460-466 ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
We compare different approaches to quantum ontology. In particular, we discuss an interpretation of quantum mechanics that we call objective quantum field theory (OQFT), which involves retrocausal fields. Here, objective implies the existence of fields independent of an observer, but not that the results of conjugate measurements are predetermined: the theory is contextual. The ideas and analyses of Einstein and Bohr through to more recent approaches to objective realism are discussed. We briefly describe measurement induced projections, the guided wave interpretation, many-universes, consistent histories and modal theories. These earlier interpretations are compared with OQFT. We argue that this approach is compatible both with Bohr’s quantum complementarity and Einstein’s objective realism.
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- 2021
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19. Sex differences in blushing and eye contact in mixed versus same-sex dyads
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Peter D. Drummond
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media_common.quotation_subject ,Social anxiety ,Eye contact ,Embarrassment ,Blushing ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Nonverbal communication ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Autonomic reactivity ,medicine ,Same sex ,Singing ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,media_common ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
It is commonly assumed that women blush more strongly than men, but sex differences in blushing have been identified in only a few studies and what underlies these differences has not been explored. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate factors that might underlie sex differences in blushing. To monitor blushing, changes in pulse amplitude in the forehead skin were measured in 40 male and 40 female participants during stressful laboratory tasks (serial subtractions and singing). A male or female experimenter interacted with participants during these tasks in a critical or friendly manner. In addition to blushing, the effect of these manipulations on gaze aversion (a nonverbal cue of embarrassment) was explored. Blushing was greater in women than men and was greater in participants tested by a male than female experimenter. However, neither the sex-composition of experimenter-participant dyads nor the interpersonal style of the experimenter modified blushing intensity, despite effects on eye contact. These findings suggest that sex-linked influences on autonomic reactivity rather than embarrassment moderate blushing during social interactions. These sex-linked influences may be important during cognitive-behavioural treatments for social anxiety associated with fear of blushing.
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- 2022
20. A Human Sensory Pathway Connecting the Foot to Ipsilateral Face That Partially Bypasses the Spinal Cord
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Morry Silberstein, Andrew K. Nunn, Peter D. Drummond, Dawn Wong Lit Wan, Janette Alexander, Melinda Millard, and Mary P. Galea
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neuroanantomy ,capsaicin ,pain ,C-fiber ,afferent ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Human sensory transmission from limbs to brain crosses and ascends through the spinal cord. Yet, descriptions exist of ipsilateral sensory transmission as well as transmission after spinal cord transection. To elucidate a novel ipsilateral cutaneous pathway, we measured facial perfusion following painfully-cold water foot immersion in 10 complete spinal cord-injured patients, 10 healthy humans before and after lower thigh capsaicin C-fiber cutaneous conduction blockade, and 10 warm-immersed healthy participants. As in healthy volunteers, ipsilateral facial perfusion in spinal cord injured patients increased significantly. Capsaicin resulted in contralateral increase in perfusion, but only following cold immersion and not in 2 spinal cord-injured patients who underwent capsaicin administration. Supported by skin biopsy results from a healthy participant, we speculate that the pathway involves peripheral C-fiber cross-talk, partially bypassing the cord. This might also explain referred itch and jogger's migraine and it is possible that it may be amenable to training spinal-injured patients to recognize lower limb sensory stimuli.
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- 2019
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21. Data from In Situ DESI-MSI Lipidomic Profiles of Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes and Precursor Lesions
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Victor Piana Andrade, Marcos N. Eberlin, Monique Batista da Costa Lemos, Pedro H. Vendramini, Luiz Juliano, Severino S. Ferreira, Israel Tojal Silva, Rodrigo D. Drummond, and Adriana Leandra Santoro
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Clinically meaningful molecular subtypes for classification of breast cancers have been established, however, initiation and progression of these subtypes remain poorly understood. The recent development of desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) facilitates the convergence of analytical chemistry and traditional pathology, allowing chemical profiling with minimal tissue pretreatment in frozen samples. Here, we characterized the chemical composition of molecular subtypes of breast cancer with DESI-MSI. Regions of interest were identified, including invasive breast cancer (IBC), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and adjacent benign tissue (ABT), and metabolomic profiles at 200 μm elaborated using Biomap software and the Lasso method. Top ions identified in IBC regions included polyunsaturated fatty acids, deprotonated glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids. Highly saturated lipids, as well as antioxidant molecules [taurine (m/z 124.0068), uric acid (m/z 167.0210), ascorbic acid (m/z 175.0241), and glutathione (m/z 306.0765)], were able to distinguish IBC from ABT. Moreover, luminal B and triple-negative subtypes showed more complex lipid profiles compared with luminal A and HER2 subtypes. DCIS and IBC were distinguished on the basis of cell signaling and apoptosis-related ions [fatty acids (341.2100 and 382.3736 m/z) and glycerophospholipids (PE (P-16:0/22:6, m/z 746.5099, and PS (38:3), m/z 812.5440)]. In summary, DESI-MSI identified distinct lipid composition between DCIS and IBC and across molecular subtypes of breast cancer, with potential implications for breast cancer pathogenesis.Significance:These findings present the first in situ metabolomic findings of the four molecular subtypes of breast cancer, DCIS, and normal tissue, and add to the understanding of their pathogenesis.
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- 2023
22. Supplementary Appendix from In Situ DESI-MSI Lipidomic Profiles of Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes and Precursor Lesions
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Victor Piana Andrade, Marcos N. Eberlin, Monique Batista da Costa Lemos, Pedro H. Vendramini, Luiz Juliano, Severino S. Ferreira, Israel Tojal Silva, Rodrigo D. Drummond, and Adriana Leandra Santoro
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Samples classifications, ions identified based on visual inspection and statistical analysis, different representative molecular images and mass spectra for each tumor type and tandem mass spectrometry data for metabolite identification.
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- 2023
23. Effects of a polyphenol-rich grape and blueberry extract (Memophenol™) on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
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Adrian L. Lopresti, Stephen J. Smith, Camille Pouchieu, Line Pourtau, David Gaudout, Véronique Pallet, and Peter D. Drummond
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General Psychology - Abstract
BackgroundPolyphenols are naturally occurring organic compounds found in plants. Research suggests that their intake reduces the risk of cognitive decline and related dementias. Grapes and blueberries are polyphenol-rich foods that have attracted attention for their potential cognitive-enhancing effects.PurposeExamine the effects of supplementation with a standardized and patented polyphenol-rich grape and blueberry extract (Memophenol™) on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.Study designTwo-arm, 6 month, parallel-group, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.MethodsOne hundred and forty-three volunteers aged 60 to 80 years with mild cognitive impairment were supplemented with either 150 mg of Memophenol™, twice daily or a placebo. Outcome measures included computer-based cognitive tasks, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-A), the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, and the CASP-19.ResultsCompared to the placebo, Memophenol™ supplementation was associated with greater improvements in the speed of information processing (p = 0.020), visuospatial learning (p = 0.012), and the BRIEF-A global score (p = 0.046). However, there were no other statistically significant between-group differences in the performance of other assessed cognitive tests or self-report questionnaires. Memophenol™ supplementation was well-tolerated with no reports of significant adverse reactions.ConclusionThe promising results from this trial suggest that 6-months of supplementation with Memophenol™ may improve aspects of cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairment. Further research will be important to expand on the current findings and identify the potential mechanisms of action associated with the intake of this polyphenol-rich extract.
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- 2023
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24. Wire-width and electron-density dependence of the crossover in the peak of the static structure factor from 2kF → 4kF in one-dimensional paramagnetic electron gases
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Ankush Girdhar, Vinod Ashokan, Rajesh O. Sharma, N. D. Drummond, and K. N. Pathak
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- 2023
25. Correlation energy of the paramagnetic electron gas at the thermodynamic limit
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Sam Azadi, N. D. Drummond, and Sam M. Vinko
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Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph) ,Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph) ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,Quantum Physics ,Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) ,Physics - Chemical Physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Quantum Physics (quant-ph) ,Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
The variational and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo methods are used to calculate the correlation energy of the paramagnetic three-dimensional homogeneous electron gas at intermediate to high density. Ground state energies in finite cells are determined using Slater-Jastrow-backflow trial wave functions, and finite-size errors are removed using twist-averaged boundary conditions and extrapolation of the energy per particle to the thermodynamic limit of infinite system size. Our correlation energies in the thermodynamic limit are more accurate than previous results. The present diffusion quantum Monte Carlo energies, together with our recently reported [Phys. Rev. B 105, 245135 (2022)] results at low density, are used to parameterize the correlation energy of the electron gas using a functional form that satisfies the exact asymptotic behavior at high density.
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- 2023
26. Increased DNA content in stomach fluids: diagnostic implications of a possible new gastric cancer marker
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Francine Carla Cadoná, Adriane Graicer Pelosof, Claudia Zitron Sztokfisz, Adriana Passos Bueno, Luana Batista do Carmo dos Santos, Gabriela Pereira Branco, Gabriel Oliveira dos Santos, Warley Abreu Nunes, Fernanda Araújo Pintor, Laís Lie Senda de Abrantes, Alexandre Defelicibus, Luiz Gonzaga Vaz Coelho, Marcis Leja, Felipe José Fernandez Coimbra, Rodrigo D. Drummond, Israel Tojal da Silva, Thais F. Bartelli, Diana Noronha Nunes, and Emmanuel Dias-Neto
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ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic and prognostic role of gastric fluid DNA (gfDNA) in gasric cancer (GC) patients and controls submitted to upper digestive endoscopy.DesignThe concentration of gfDNA was evaluated in 941 samples, including subjects with normal gastric mucosa (n = 10), peptic diseases (n = 596), pre-neoplastic conditions (n = 99), and cancer (n = 236). gfDNA levels were evaluated according to age, gender, BMI, gastric fluid’s pH, use of proton-pump inhibitors, GC tumor subtypes, histological grades, clinical stages, and disease progression/outcome.ResultsIn the non-cancer group, we observed that gfDNA levels are increased in women as compared to men (p=7.44e-4). Remarkably, gfDNA levels are increased in GC patients as compared to non-GC (normal + peptic diseases, p=5.67e-13) and in GC versus pre-neoplastic disease (p=1.53e-6). Similar differences were also seen when more advanced tumors (T3) were compared to early stages (T2 and below) (p=5.97-4). Moreover, our results suggest the prognostic value of gfDNA as GC-patients with higher gfDNA concentrations (-3), which parallels with better disease-free survival (p= 0.014).ConclusionThese findings highlight the significance of collecting and studying stomach fluids from gastric cancer patients and reveals the potential impact of this approach as well as its diagnostic and prognostic value for disease management.What is already known on this topic-The DNA contained in biofluids that are in direct contact with tumor lesions is a valuable source of information for cancer diagnosis treatment.-Gastric fluids are in direct contact with gastric cancer (GC) lesions and immune cell infiltrates and may be a reliable source of biomarkers with multiple applications.-Liquid biopsies are usually based on the detection and analysis of cell-free DNA found in the plasma, urine or saliva.-Studies of the DNA present in the gastric fluids of patients (gfDNA), collected during routine endoscopy, are scarce and limited to assessing mutation profiles. It’s diagnostic and prognostic potential has not been studied so far.What this study adds-An analysis of gfDNA concentrations in 941 samples revealed increased DNA levels in GC patients as compared to non-GC individuals.-When tumor stages were compared, gfDNA levels are elevated in more advanced disease.-For GC subjects, increased gfDNA was positively associated with immune cell infiltrates and reduced tumor recurrence, suggesting this to be an informative and very low-cost prognostic marker.How this study might affect research, practice or policy-gfDNA collected during routine upper digestive diagnostic endoscopy can be used as an additional and very simple biomarker useful during patient follow-up and to determine cancer prognosis.-In the future gfDNA assessment has the potential to contribute to a range of applications, such as monitoring treatment response, indicating immune cell infiltration and may potentially indicate cases with progressive disease non-responsive to chemotherapy.
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- 2023
27. xSPDE: Extensible software for stochastic equations.
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Simon Kiesewetter, Rodney Polkinghorne, Bogdan Opanchuk, and Peter D. Drummond
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- 2016
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28. Asma infantil y del lactante
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J. de Blic and D. Drummond
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- 2022
29. Outils connectés pour la télésurveillance des patients asthmatiques : gadgets ou révolution?
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D. Drummond
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine - Published
- 2022
30. Mise à jour des recommandations (2021) pour la prise en charge et le suivi des patients asthmatiques adolescents (de 12 ans et plus) sous l’égide de la Société de pneumologie de langue française (SPLF) et de la Société pédiatrique de pneumologie et allergologie (SP2A). Version courte
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A. Deschildre, R. Abou-Taam, D. Drummond, L. Giovannini-Chami, G. Labouret, S. Lejeune, G. Lezmi, M.T. Lecam, C. Marguet, H. Petat, C. Taillé, S. Wanin, H. Corvol, and R. Epaud
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine - Published
- 2022
31. Pupillary Reflexes in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Asymmetry to Arousal Stimuli Suggests an Ipsilateral Locus Coeruleus Deficit
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Philip M. Finch and Peter D. Drummond
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Adult ,Male ,Reflex, Startle ,Sensory system ,Autonomic Nervous System ,Arousal ,Reflex ,Humans ,Medicine ,Pupillary light reflex ,business.industry ,Pupil ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Hyperacusis ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Nociception ,Complex regional pain syndrome ,Neurology ,Hyperalgesia ,Locus coeruleus ,Female ,Locus Coeruleus ,sense organs ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Neuroscience ,Complex Regional Pain Syndromes - Abstract
Converging lines of evidence suggest that autonomic and nociceptive pathways linked with the locus coeruleus are disrupted in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). To investigate this, pupillary dilatation to arousal stimuli (which reflects neural activity in the locus coeruleus) and pupillary reflexes to light were assessed in a cross-sectional study of 33 patients with CRPS. Moderately painful electrical shocks were delivered to the affected or contralateral limb and unilateral 110 dB SPL acoustic startle stimuli were delivered via headphones. To determine whether the acoustic startle stimuli inhibited shock-induced pain, startle stimuli were also administered bilaterally 200 ms before or after the electric shock. The pupils constricted briskly and symmetrically to bright light (500 lux) and dilated symmetrically in dim light (5 lux). However, the pupil on the CRPS-affected side was smaller than the contralateral pupil before and after the delivery of painless and painful arousal stimuli. Auditory sensitivity was greater on the affected than unaffected side but acoustic startle stimuli failed to inhibit shock-induced pain. Together, these findings suggest that neural activity in pathways linked with the locus coeruleus is compromised on the affected side in patients with CRPS. This may contribute to autonomic disturbances, auditory discomfort and pain. Perspective: The locus coeruleus is involved not only in modulation of pain but also regulates sensory traffic more broadly. Hence, fatigue of neural activity in the ipsilateral locus coeruleus might not only exacerbate pain and hyperalgesia in CRPS but could also contribute more generally to hemilateral disturbances in sensory processing.
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- 2022
32. Editorial: Socio-Psychological Influences on Pain
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Peter D. Drummond and Melinda Nicola
- Published
- 2023
33. Olfaction in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
- Author
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Philip M Finch, Hamid R Sohrabi, and Peter D Drummond
- Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,General Medicine - Abstract
Objective Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is associated with a range of sensory disturbances on the symptomatic side of the body but whether this includes olfaction is uncertain. To clarify this, the aims of this study were to compare ratings of intensity and hedonic appeal of household odorants in CRPS patients and controls, and to determine whether ratings differed between the symptomatic and contralateral sides within the sample of patients. Methods Six odorants (vanilla, fish sauce, vinegar, eucalyptus, almond essence and acetone) were presented sequentially in random order on cottonwool buds held in the midline approximately 1 cm from both nostrils in 37 CRPS patients and 21 pain-free controls. Each odor was rated for intensity and hedonic appeal, and participants reported whether the odor was stronger and/or smelt different on one side than the other. Results The odorants smelt worse for patients than controls (P Conclusions These findings suggest that the trigeminal component of olfaction interacts bilaterally with pain-sensitized circuits in the thalamus or higher cortical centers to distort odor perception in patients with CRPS. This aberrant process appears to differ from the mechanism that underlies hemilateral hyperalgesia in other sensory modalities.
- Published
- 2022
34. Denying the Truth Does Not Change the Facts: A Systematic Analysis of Pseudoscientific Denial of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
- Author
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Frank Birklein, Krishna D Bharwani, Lone Knudsen, Andreas Goebel, Maaike Dirckx, F.J.P.M. Huygen, Peter D. Drummond, Amanda L. Stone, AB Kersten, Stephen Bruehl, and Janne Gierthmühlen
- Subjects
treatment ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,MEDLINE ,Chronic pain ,Pseudoscience ,complex regional pain syndrome ,Scientific literature ,Evidence-based medicine ,Review ,medicine.disease ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Complex regional pain syndrome ,Denial ,Argument ,medicine ,business ,chronic pain ,pathophysiology ,media_common ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Purpose Several articles have claimed that complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) does not exist. Although a minority view, it is important to understand the arguments presented in these articles. We conducted a systematic literature search to evaluate the methodological quality of articles that claim CRPS does not exist. We then examined and refuted the arguments supporting this claim using up-to-date scientific literature on CRPS. Methods A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Inclusion criteria for articles were (a) a claim made that CRPS does not exist or that CRPS is not a distinct diagnostic entity and (b) support of these claims with subsequent argument(s). The methodological quality of articles was assessed if possible. Results Nine articles were included for analysis: 4 narrative reviews, 2 personal views, 1 letter, 1 editorial and 1 case report. Seven points of controversy were used in these articles to argue that CRPS does not exist: 1) disagreement with the label "CRPS"; 2) the "unclear" pathophysiology; 3) the validity of the diagnostic criteria; 4) CRPS as a normal consequence of immobilization; 5) the role of psychological factors; 6) other identifiable causes for CRPS symptoms; and 7) the methodological quality of CRPS research. Conclusion The level of evidence for the claim that CRPS does not exist is very weak. Published accounts concluding that CRPS does not exist, in the absence of primary evidence to underpin them, can harm patients by encouraging dismissal of patients' signs and symptoms.
- Published
- 2021
35. An investigation into an evening intake of a saffron extract (affron®) on sleep quality, cortisol, and melatonin concentrations in adults with poor sleep: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-dose study
- Author
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Peter D. Drummond, Adrian L. Lopresti, and Stephen J. Smith
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Evening ,Hydrocortisone ,Profile of mood states ,Placebo ,law.invention ,Melatonin ,Double-Blind Method ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ,Internal medicine ,Insomnia ,Humans ,Medicine ,Plant Extracts ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Crocus ,Treatment Outcome ,Mood ,Sleep diary ,medicine.symptom ,Sleep ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objective/background To validate and extend on previous positive findings of the sleep-enhancing effects of saffron supplementation in adults with unsatisfactory sleep. Patients/methods In this 28-day, 3-arm, parallel-group, double-blind, randomised controlled trial, 120 adults with unsatisfactory sleep received either a placebo, 14 mg, or 28 mg of a standardised saffron extract (affron®), 1 h before bed. Outcome measures included the Pittsburgh Sleep Diary (with sleep quality ratings as the primary outcome measure), Insomnia Symptom Questionnaire (ISQ), Profile of Mood States, Restorative Sleep Questionnaire, the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire, and evening salivary melatonin and cortisol concentrations. Results Compared to the placebo, saffron supplementation was associated with greater improvements in sleep quality ratings (primary outcome measure), mood ratings after awakening, the ISQ total score, and ISQ-insomnia classifications. However, there were no significant differences between the saffron and placebo groups in other questionnaire and sleep diary outcome measures. Sleep improvements were similar for the two administered saffron doses. Compared to the placebo, saffron supplementation was associated with increases in evening melatonin concentrations but did not affect evening cortisol. Saffron supplementation was well-tolerated with no reported significant adverse effects. Conclusions These results provide further validation of the sleep-enhancing effects of 28-days of saffron supplementation in adults with unsatisfactory sleep. Further research is required to examine the efficacy and safety of saffron supplementation using objective sleep measures, over a longer duration, in people presenting with a diagnosed insomnia disorder and other psychogenic and demographic characteristics, and into its potential sleep-enhancing mechanisms of action.
- Published
- 2021
36. Planar Near-Field Electric Field Sensor Array Applications Facilitated by Neural Networks
- Author
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Ross Adelman, Zachary D. Drummond, David R. Allee, Kevin E. Claytor, and David M. Hull
- Subjects
Process tomography ,Materials science ,Planar ,Sensor array ,Acoustics ,Planar array ,Near and far field ,Electrical capacitance tomography ,Dielectric ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Image sensor ,Instrumentation - Abstract
Electrical capacitance tomography is employed for various process tomography applications, typically with circular imaging regions (e.g., to estimate fluid levels in plastic pipes). Typical state-of-the-art implementations focus on circular or cylindrical sensor arrays. In contrast, this research explores using a planar 2D array of electric-field sensors to image volumes composed of various dielectric materials. The array is designed to be used with very-low-frequency electric fields, which are desirable due to their ability to differentiate between various non-conducting objects. D-dot sensors (i.e., charge induction sensors) are used as the electric-field sensing element. In this research, imaging regions of interest are modeled as a composition of (25 cm)3 voxels of dielectric material with randomized relative permittivities. Neural networks are utilized as the inversion algorithm to map measured E-field distortions to the voxels’ relative permittivities. Three applications are explored in a simulated environment: 1) predicting relative permittivities of the entire (pseudo-3D) imaging region from one measurement of electric-field distortions (modeled in free space), 2) imaging regions arbitrarily large (in two dimensions) using the planar array as an imaging kernel, and 3) repeating application (1) in a model of a practical, real-world imaging scenario both with and without interfering material. Application (3) is performed with a real-world experimental setup using a room-sized “E-field Cage” meant to generate a uniform electric field. This work showcases a new electric-field imaging modality using a planar 2D D-dot sensor array paired with a DNN-based inversion algorithm.
- Published
- 2021
37. Temple cooling increases parasympathetic activity and decreases pressure pain on the hand
- Author
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Di Ye, Lechi Vo, Timothy J. Fairchild, and Peter D. Drummond
- Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine - Abstract
Applying an ice cube to the temple (the conditioning stimulus) inhibits electrically evoked pain in the forearm. The present study aimed to determine whether temple cooling also inhibits pressure- and heat-pain test stimuli in the upper limb and, if so, to investigate the intra-session test-retest reliability of this response. Additional aims were to establish whether pain inhibition evoked by temple cooling was associated with parasympathetic activity; and to explore sex differences in response.The sample consisted of 40 healthy adults (24 females). Heart rate was recorded continuously throughout the session. An ice cube (3 × 4 cm contact area) was applied for 1 min to the temple on the dominant side. Before and immediately afterwards, the pressure pain threshold was measured from the dorsal hand and sensitivity to heat (individually adjusted at baseline to elicit moderate pain) was measured from the ventral forearm. The procedures were repeated 15 min later.Temple cooling inhibited pressure pain on the hand but not heat pain on the forearm. However, test-retest reliability of pressure pain inhibition was poor. Heart rate decreased during temple cooling, consistent with a "diving" reflex. Males had stronger pressure pain inhibition, lower heart rate and higher overall autonomic activity than females. However, cardiac parasympathetic activation during temple cooling was comparable in both sexes and was unrelated to pain inhibition.These findings indicate that temple cooling evokes pain inhibition that is stronger in males than in females. Cardiac parasympathetic activity does not appear to mediate this response.The conditioning stimulus in the conditioned pain modulation paradigm is often applied to the upper or lower limbs. This may confound pain-inhibitory effects in people with peripheral neuropathy who typically have enhanced or diminished sensation in the extremities. Applying an ice cube at the temple area induces pain-inhibitory effects on the upper limb after the ice is removed. Future research examining pain modulation in people with peripheral neuropathy may consider adopting temple cooling as the conditioning stimulus.
- Published
- 2022
38. Quantum Monte Carlo Study of Positron Lifetimes in Solids
- Author
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K. A. Simula, J. E. Muff, I. Makkonen, N. D. Drummond, and Materials Physics
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,General Physics and Astronomy ,114 Physical sciences ,Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other) - Abstract
Publisher Copyright: © 2022 American Physical Society. We present an analysis of positron lifetimes in solids with unprecedented depth. Instead of modeling correlation effects with density functionals, we study positron-electron wave functions with long-range correlations included. This gives new insight in understanding positron annihilation in metals, insulators, and semiconductors. By using a new quantum Monte Carlo approach for computation of positron lifetimes, an improved accuracy compared to previous computations is obtained for a representative set of materials when compared with experiment. Thus, we present a method without free parameters as a useful alternative to the already existing methods for modeling positrons in solids.
- Published
- 2022
39. Defining pain-validation: The importance of validation in reducing the stresses of chronic pain
- Author
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Melinda, Nicola, Helen, Correia, Graeme, Ditchburn, and Peter D, Drummond
- Abstract
PurposeTo validate an individual's feelings or behaviour is to sanction their thoughts or actions as worthy of social acceptance and support. In contrast, rejection of the individual's communicated experience indicates a denial of social acceptance, representing a potential survival threat. Pain-invalidation, though ill-defined, appears to be a fundamental component of psychosocial stress for people with chronic pain. As such, the aim of this paper was to define pain-validation and outline its importance for those with chronic pain.MethodsThe pain-validation construct was defined using themes inherent in the narratives of those with chronic pain, as identified in a previously published systematic search and thematic analysis, together with examination of additional literature on pain-validation in the clinical context.ResultsWe present a construct definition, proposing that pain-validation must necessarily include: (i) belief that the pain experience is true for the individual, (ii) acceptability of the individual's expressions of pain, and (iii) communication of belief and acceptability to the individual experiencing pain. Further, we outline the importance of pain-validation as a protective factor and means of reducing many of the psychosocial stresses of chronic pain; for example, by indicating social support for pain-coping, buffering negative emotions, and re-enforcing unity and shared identity.ImplicationsThe role of pain-validation in the current era of pain management intervention is discussed. Adhering to interventions that involve cognitive and behavioural change is often difficult. Acknowledging and validating the acceptability of the patient's pain experience in the early stages of pain management may, therefore, be a key component of intervention that encourages compliance to the treatment plan and achieving therapeutic goals.
- Published
- 2022
40. Tuberculosis infection in HIV vs . non‐HIV patients
- Author
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R. Vieira Alves, Ana Antunes, Sara S. Dias, M. Torres, António Panarra, I. Rego de Figueiredo, H. Gruner, F. Lourenço, J Branco Ferrão, S Guerreiro Castro, and D. Drummond Borges
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tuberculosis ,Microbiological culture ,Opportunistic infection ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Antitubercular Agents ,HIV Infections ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Disseminated disease ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Retrospective Studies ,Coinfection ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,virus diseases ,Cancer ,Immunosuppression ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,030112 virology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Infectious Diseases ,Female ,business - Abstract
Objectives Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection and cause of mortality among people living with HIV, and it is possible that it may also influence the evolution of the HIV infection. We assessed the differences between HIV-positive and -negative people infected with TB. Methods The present study is a cross-sectional retrospective study by electronic record revision. We included patients admitted to a tertiary hospital with a diagnosis of TB between 2011 and 2016, comparing those with HIV coinfection with non-HIV patients, according to demographic and clinical characteristics. Results This study included 591 patients, of whom 32% were HIV-coinfected. HIV-TB patients were younger, with a predominance of male gender. Considering TB risk factors, there was a higher prevalence of homelessness and intravenous drug use in the HIV group. In the non-HIV group, direct contact with other patients with TB and immunosuppression were more prevalent. Relative to TB characteristics, the HIV-coinfected group presents with a higher prevalence of disseminated disease and a higher occurrence of previous TB infection. Cancer was the most frequent cause of immunosuppression in the HIV group and the number testing positive for TB via microbiological culture was lower. Assessment of microbiological resistance and in-hospital mortality showed similar numbers in both groups. Conclusions There are few papers comparing clinical course of TB between HIV-infected and non-infected patients. Our study differs from others in the literature as we focused on a country with middling incidence of TB and further characterized the differences between HIV-infected and non-infected patients which can contribute to the management of these patients.
- Published
- 2021
41. Atteinte respiratoire dans le cadre des nécrolyses épidermiques pédiatriques : description et analyse d’une série rétrospective monocentrique française de 22 patients
- Author
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S. Schmartz, A. Welfringer-Morin, M. Le Bourgeois, C. Delacourt, L. Berteloot, S. Hadj-Rabia, N. Bellon, F. Moulin, L. De Saint Blanquat, N. Garcelon, D. Drummond, and C. Bodemer
- Subjects
Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2022
42. Low-density phase diagram of the three-dimensional electron gas
- Author
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Sam Azadi and N. D. Drummond
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,Quantum Physics ,Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Quantum Physics (quant-ph) ,Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other) - Abstract
Variational and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo methods are employed to investigate the zero-temperature phase diagram of the three-dimensional homogeneous electron gas at very low density. Fermi fluid and body-centered cubic Wigner crystal ground state energies are determined using Slater-Jastrow-backflow and Slater-Jastrow many-body wave functions at different densities and spin polarizations in finite simulation cells. Finite-size errors are removed using twist-averaged boundary conditions and extrapolation of the energy per particle to the thermodynamic limit of infinite system size. Unlike previous studies, our results show that the electron gas undergoes a first-order quantum phase transition directly from a paramagnetic fluid to a body-centered cubic crystal at density parameter $r_\text{s} = 86.6(7)$, with no region of stability for an itinerant ferromagnetic fluid. However there is a possible magnetic phase transition from an antiferromagnetic crystal to a ferromagnetic crystal at $r_\text{s}=93(3)$., Comment: accepted for publication
- Published
- 2022
43. Auditory disturbances in patients with complex regional pain syndrome
- Author
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Peter D. Drummond and Philip M. Finch
- Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Neurology ,Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is often associated with reduced sound tolerance (hyperacusis) on the affected side, but the mechanism of this symptom is unclear. As compensatory increases in central auditory activity after cochlear injury may trigger hyperacusis, hearing and discomfort thresholds to pure tones (250, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz) were assessed in 34 patients with CRPS and 26 pain-free controls. In addition, in 31 patients and 17 controls, auditory-evoked potentials to click stimuli (0.08 ms duration, 6 Hz, 60 dB above the hearing threshold) were averaged across 2000 trials for each ear. Auditory discomfort thresholds were lower at several pitches on the CRPS-affected than contralateral side and lower at all pitches on the affected side than in controls. However, ipsilateral hyperacusis was not associated with psychophysical or physiological signs of cochlear damage. Instead, neural activity in the ipsilateral brainstem and midbrain was greater when repetitive click stimuli were presented on the affected than contralateral side and greater bilaterally than in controls. In addition, click-evoked potentials, reflecting thalamo-cortical signal transfer and early cortical processing, were greater contralaterally in patients than controls. Together, these findings suggest that hyperacusis originates in the ipsilateral brainstem and midbrain rather than the peripheral auditory apparatus of patients with CRPS. Failure of processes that jointly modulate afferent auditory signalling and pain (eg, inhibitory influences stemming from the locus coeruleus) could contribute to ipsilateral hyperacusis in CRPS.
- Published
- 2022
44. Stream Hydrology Controls the Longitudinal Bioreactive Footprint of Urban-Sourced Fine Particles
- Author
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Jennifer D. Drummond, Susana Bernal, Warren Meredith, Rina Schumer, and Eugènia Martí
- Subjects
Urban point source ,Fine particle standing stocks ,Stream metabolism ,Urbanization ,Carbon cycle ,General Chemistry ,Carbon Dioxide ,Aerobic respiration ,Streambed ,Water Purification ,Environmental Chemistry ,Organic matter ,Hydrology - Abstract
Este artículo contiene 9 páginas, 4 figuras, 1 tabla., The relevance of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents in fluvial networks is increasing as urbanization grows in catchments. Urban-sourced fine particles from WWTP effluents deposit and accumulate in the streambed sediment of receiving streams over time and can fuel respiration rates, which can thus potentially increase rates of biogeochemical reactions and CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. We aimed to provide a quantitative assessment of the influence of WWTP-sourced fine particles deposited in the streambed sediment on stream metabolic activity for 1 year in an intermittent Mediterranean stream. More nutrientrich and metabolically active fine particle standing stocks were observed downstream of the WWTP, propagating to the end of the 820 m study reach, especially during the dry period (i.e., when the dilution capacity of the stream to WWTP inputs is, This work was supported by an NSF EAR-Postdoctoral Fellowship and a Marie Curie Individual Fellowship (833702MICROPATH) to J.D.D., AEI/FEDER UE and Spanish Office for Research (MINECO) funded MEDSOUL (CGL2014-59977-C3-2-R) and Eco-Reactors (PGC2018- 101975-B-C22) to E.M., and a Ramon y Cajal fellowship (RYC-2017-22643), NICUS (CGL2014-55234-JIN) and CANTERA (RTI2018-094521-B-100) to S.B.
- Published
- 2022
45. Point defect formation energies in graphene from diffusion quantum Monte Carlo and density functional theory
- Author
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D. M. Thomas, Y. Asiri, and N. D. Drummond
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) ,FOS: Physical sciences - Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) is widely used to study defects in monolayer graphene with a view to applications ranging from water filtration to electronics to investigations of radiation damage in graphite moderators. To assess the accuracy of DFT in such applications, we report diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (DMC) calculations of the formation energies of some common and important point defects in monolayer graphene: monovacancies, Stone-Wales defects, and silicon substitutions. We find that standard DFT methods underestimate monovacancy formation energies by around 1 eV. The disagreement between DFT and DMC is somewhat smaller for Stone-Wales defects and silicon substitutions. We examine vibrational contributions to the free energies of formation for these defects, finding that vibrational effects are non-negligible. Finally, we compare the DMC atomization energies of monolayer graphene, monolayer silicene, and bulk silicon, finding that bulk silicon is significantly more stable than monolayer silicene by 0.7522(5) eV per atom.
- Published
- 2022
46. Simulation-Based Thoracentesis Training Program in Pediatrics Using a Low-Cost Homemade Mannequin
- Author
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S. Marchal, A. Tran, A. Dupont, D. Drummond, A. Gatin, D. Demonchy, B. François, J. Breaud, J. Rondel, A.L. Herisse, and L. Giovannini-chami
- Published
- 2022
47. Reduced Cerebellar Brain Inhibition Measured Using Dual-Site TMS in Older Than in Younger Adults
- Author
-
Brian D Power, B. K. Rurak, Peter D. Drummond, Ann-Maree Vallence, and J. P. Rodrigues
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurology ,Intraclass correlation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Audiology ,050105 experimental psychology ,Dual site ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cerebellum ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,business.industry ,Functional connectivity ,05 social sciences ,Motor Cortex ,Reproducibility of Results ,Motor control ,Evoked Potentials, Motor ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,Younger adults ,Neurology (clinical) ,Primary motor cortex ,business ,human activities ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be used to measure the cerebellar inhibitory influence on the primary motor cortex, known as cerebellar brain inhibition (CBI), which is thought to be important for motor control. The aim of this study was to determine whether age-related differences in CBI (measured at rest) were associated with an age-related decline in bilateral motor control measured using the Purdue Pegboard task, the Four Square Step Test, and a 10-m walk. In addition, we examined test re-test reliability of CBI measured using dual-site TMS with a figure-of-eight coil in two sessions. There were three novel findings. First, CBI was less in older than in younger adults, which is likely underpinned by an age-related loss of Purkinje cells. Second, greater CBI was associated with faster 10-m walking performance in older adults, but slower 10-m walking performance in younger adults. Third, moderate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs: 0.53) were found for CBI in younger adults; poor ICCs were found for CBI (ICC: 0.40) in older adults. Together, these results have important implications for the use of dual-site TMS to increase our understanding of age- and disease-related changes in cortical motor networks, and the role of functional connectivity in motor control.
- Published
- 2021
48. Is the Hyporheic Zone Relevant beyond the Scientific Community?
- Author
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Jörg Lewandowski, Shai Arnon, Eddie Banks, Okke Batelaan, Andrea Betterle, Tabea Broecker, Claudia Coll, Jennifer D. Drummond, Jaime Gaona Garcia, Jason Galloway, Jesus Gomez-Velez, Robert C. Grabowski, Skuyler P. Herzog, Reinhard Hinkelmann, Anja Höhne, Juliane Hollender, Marcus A. Horn, Anna Jaeger, Stefan Krause, Adrian Löchner Prats, Chiara Magliozzi, Karin Meinikmann, Brian Babak Mojarrad, Birgit Maria Mueller, Ignacio Peralta-Maraver, Andrea L. Popp, Malte Posselt, Anke Putschew, Michael Radke, Muhammad Raza, Joakim Riml, Anne Robertson, Cyrus Rutere, Jonas L. Schaper, Mario Schirmer, Hanna Schulz, Margaret Shanafield, Tanu Singh, Adam S. Ward, Philipp Wolke, Anders Wörman, and Liwen Wu
- Subjects
hyporheic zone ,hyporheic exchange flow ,surface water–groundwater exchange ,ecosystem services ,nutrient turnover ,refuge ,hyporheos ,removal of trace organic compounds ,emerging pollutants ,self-purification capacity ,Hydraulic engineering ,TC1-978 ,Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes ,TD201-500 - Abstract
Rivers are important ecosystems under continuous anthropogenic stresses. The hyporheic zone is a ubiquitous, reactive interface between the main channel and its surrounding sediments along the river network. We elaborate on the main physical, biological, and biogeochemical drivers and processes within the hyporheic zone that have been studied by multiple scientific disciplines for almost half a century. These previous efforts have shown that the hyporheic zone is a modulator for most metabolic stream processes and serves as a refuge and habitat for a diverse range of aquatic organisms. It also exerts a major control on river water quality by increasing the contact time with reactive environments, which in turn results in retention and transformation of nutrients, trace organic compounds, fine suspended particles, and microplastics, among others. The paper showcases the critical importance of hyporheic zones, both from a scientific and an applied perspective, and their role in ecosystem services to answer the question of the manuscript title. It identifies major research gaps in our understanding of hyporheic processes. In conclusion, we highlight the potential of hyporheic restoration to efficiently manage and reactivate ecosystem functions and services in river corridors.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Comparing many-body approaches against the helium atom exact solution
- Author
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Jing Li, N. D. Drummond, Peter Schuck, Valerio Olevano
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Over time, many different theories and approaches have been developed to tackle the many-body problem in quantum chemistry, condensed-matter physics, and nuclear physics. Here we use the helium atom, a real system rather than a model, and we use the exact solution of its Schr\"odinger equation as a benchmark for comparison between methods. We present new results beyond the random-phase approximation (RPA) from a renormalized RPA (r-RPA) in the framework of the self-consistent RPA (SCRPA) originally developed in nuclear physics, and compare them with various other approaches like configuration interaction (CI), quantum Monte Carlo (QMC), time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT), and the Bethe-Salpeter equation on top of the GW approximation. Most of the calculations are consistently done on the same footing, e.g. using the same basis set, in an effort for a most faithful comparison between methods.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Parallel Optimized Sampling for Stochastic Equations.
- Author
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Bogdan Opanchuk, Simon Kiesewetter, and Peter D. Drummond
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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