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2,378 results on '"Département de psychiatrie"'

1. Phénoménologie de l'état-limite

Author: Séminaire de phénoménologie du Département de psychiatrie de l’Université de Sherbrooke (29 mars 2023: Sherbrooke), Englebert, Jérôme, Séminaire de phénoménologie du Département de psychiatrie de l’Université de Sherbrooke (29 mars 2023: Sherbrooke), and Englebert, Jérôme
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2023

2. Le cas Germain et la liberté

Author: Conférence au Département de psychiatrie de l’Université de Sherbrooke (31 mars 2023: Sherbrooke), Englebert, Jérôme, Conférence au Département de psychiatrie de l’Université de Sherbrooke (31 mars 2023: Sherbrooke), and Englebert, Jérôme
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2023

3. Compréhension contemporaine de la schizophrénie selon la perspective phénoménologique :conséquences thérapeutiques

Author: Conférence au département de psychiatrie de l’Université de Sherbrooke (4 février 2022: Sherbrooke), Englebert, Jérôme, Conférence au département de psychiatrie de l’Université de Sherbrooke (4 février 2022: Sherbrooke), and Englebert, Jérôme
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2022

4. Abstact Book

Author: Centre du jeu excessif Service de psychiatrie communautaire Département de psychiatrie du CHUV
Abstract: La présente publication est un recueil des résumés des présentations ayant eu lieu lors de la manifestation.
Published: 2014

5. Corps, psychiatrie et philosophie

Author: Séminaire du Département de Psychiatrie de l'Universtité de Lausanne (Service de Psychiatrie de liaison). (31 octobre 2015: Lausanne), Englebert, Jérôme, Séminaire du Département de Psychiatrie de l'Universtité de Lausanne (Service de Psychiatrie de liaison). (31 octobre 2015: Lausanne), and Englebert, Jérôme
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2016

6. L'être-au-monde borderline

Author: Conférence au Département de Psychiatrie de l'Universtité de Lausanne (Service de Psychiatrie de liaison). (30 octobre 2015: Lausanne), Englebert, Jérôme, Conférence au Département de Psychiatrie de l'Universtité de Lausanne (Service de Psychiatrie de liaison). (30 octobre 2015: Lausanne), and Englebert, Jérôme
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2015

7. Le dispositif carcéral :visages, corps et… liberté

Author: Conférence au Département de Psychiatrie de l'Universtité de Lausanne (Service de Psychiatrie de liaison). (31 janvier 2014: Lausanne), Englebert, Jérôme, Conférence au Département de Psychiatrie de l'Universtité de Lausanne (Service de Psychiatrie de liaison). (31 janvier 2014: Lausanne), and Englebert, Jérôme
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2014

8. Naissance de la psychopharmacologie

Author: Séminaire du département de psychiatrie (30 mars 2012: Hôpital de Dave), Missa, Jean-Noël, Séminaire du département de psychiatrie (30 mars 2012: Hôpital de Dave), and Missa, Jean-Noël
Abstract: info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Published: 2012

9. Application of the Person-Centered Care to Manage Responsive Behaviors in Clients with Major Neurocognitive Disorders: A Qualitative Single Case Study

Author: Sareh Zarshenas, Carmela Paulino, Isabelle Sénéchal, Josianne Décary, Audrey Dufresne, Anne Bourbonnais, Chloé Aquin, Marie-Andrée Bruneau, Nathalie Champoux, Patricia Belchior, Melanie Couture, Nathalie Bier, Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. École de réadaptation, and Université de Montréal. Faculté des sciences infirmières
Subjects: Person-centered care, Neurocognitive disorders, Clinical Psychology, Health (social science), Responsive behaviors, Social Psychology, Long- term care settings, Care providers, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Gerontology
Abstract: Objectives: Our study aimed to describe “how” and “why” the person-centered care (PCC) approach was applied within a long-term care (LTC) community to manage responsive behaviors (RBs) in individuals with major neurocognitive disorders.Methods: A descriptive holistic single case study design was employed in the context of an LTC community in Quebec, using semi-structured interviews and non-participatory observations of experienced care providers working with clients with RBs, photographing the physical environ-ment, and accessing documents available on the LTC community’s public website. A thematic content analysis was used for data analysis.Results: The findings generated insight into the importance of considering multiple components of the LTC community to apply the PCC approach for managing RBs, including a) creating a homelike environment, b) developing a therapeutic relationship with clients, c) engaging clients in mean-ingful activities, and d) empowering care providers by offering essential resources.Conclusions: Applying and implementing the PCC approach within an LTC community to manage clients’ RBs is a long-term multi-dimensional process that requires a solid foundation.Clinical implications: These findings highlight the importance of considering multiple factors relevant to persons, environments, and meaningful activities to apply the PCC approach within LTC communities to manage RBs.
Published: 2023

10. Theory of mind and context processing in schizophrenia: The role of cognitive flexibility

Author: Guy Blouin, Maud Champagne-Lavau, Anick Charest, Karyne Anselmo, Jean-Pierre Rodriguez, Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de psychiatrie [Montréal], Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, ANR-11-BSH2-0006,MINDPROGEST,Rôle de l'attribution des états mentaux dans la construction du sens: Marqueurs de référence, prosodie et geste(2011), ANR-16-CONV-0002,ILCB,ILCB: Institute of Language Communication and the Brain(2016), Département de psychiatrie [Montréal, Canada], and Université de Montréal (UdeM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Theory of Mind, Neuropsychological Tests, Stimulus (physiology), behavioral disciplines and activities, cognitive flexibility, Developmental psychology, Judgment, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Theory of mind, Humans, Biological Psychiatry, ironic intent, contextual information, Working memory, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Cognitive flexibility, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Middle Aged, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, 030227 psychiatry, schizophrenia, Comprehension, Psychiatry and Mental health, Memory, Short-Term, Social Perception, Cognitive remediation therapy, Mental state attribution, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, Attribution, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Sentence, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; The present study sought to identify whether cognitive flexibility and context processing may impact theory of mind (ToM) ability in schizophrenia. Thirty two patients with schizophrenia and 29 matched healthy participants were tested individually on their ToM ability using a task involving attribution and comprehension of a speaker's ironic intent. This task made it possible to determine whether the degree of incongruity between contextual information and a target sentence has an impact on the attribution of ironic intent to the protagonists of a story. Participants were also assessed on their cognitive flexibility and working memory. The main results revealed that participants with schizophrenia correctly perceived contextual information cueing attribution of ironic intent to the protagonist of the stimulus, but they showed difficulty to correctly integrate this information, performing significantly worse than healthy participants when they attributed mental states. However, some participants with schizophrenia performed like healthy control participants on the ToM task while others did not. A lack of flexibility seems to differentiate the two schizophrenia subgroups thereby obtained, suggesting that cognitive flexibility has an impact on ToM performances in schizophrenia. These difficulties were not associated with clinical symptoms. Such results will have an impact on cognitive remediation.
Published: 2012

11. Mast cells' involvement in inflammation pathways linked to depression: evidence in mastocytosis

Author: Georgin-Lavialle, Sophie, Moura, Daniela Silva, Salvador, Alexandre, Chauvet-Gélinier, Jean-Christophe, Launay, Jean-Marie, Damaj, Ghandi, Côté, F., Soucié, Erinn, Chandesris, Marie-Olivia, Barète, Stéphane, Grandpeix-Guyodo, Catherine, Bachmeyer, Claude, Alyanakian, Marie-Alexandra, Aouba, Achille, Lortholary, Olivier, Dubreuil, Patrice, Teyssier, Jean-Raymond, Trojak, Benoit, Haffen, Emmanuel, Vandel, Pierre, Bonin, Bernard, Hermine, Olivier, Gaillard, Raphaël, Beyne-Rauzy, Odile, De Gennes, Christian, Durieu, Isabelle, Fain, O, Grosbois, Bernard, Guichard, Isabelle, Hamidou, Mohamed, Launay, David, Lavigne, Christian, Livideanu, Christina, Nicolini, Franck, Retornaz, R, Arock, Michel, Arlet, Jean-Benoit, Service de Médecine Interne [CHU Tenon], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Tenon [APHP], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de référence des mastocytoses, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé (LPPS - EA 4057), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire de physiopathologie des maladies psychiatriques, Clinique des maladies mentales et de l'encéphale (CMME - Service de psychiatrie), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Service de psychiatrie générale et addictologie [CHU de Dijon], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire de psychopathologie et psychologie médicale (LPPM), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Service de biochimie INSERM UMR-S942, Hôpital Lariboisière-APHP, Service hématologie Amiens, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Service d'immuno-hématologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Département de psychiatrie [CHU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (CICB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Histopathologie humaine et Modèles animaux, Institut Pasteur [Paris], CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de référence des mastocytoses (CEREMAST), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire d'Hématologie [CHU Amiens], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Laboratoire de génétique moléculaire (hôpital général, CHU Dijon), Hôpital général (CHU Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Département de psychiatrie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Service de Médecine Interne = Hôpital de jour de médecine [CHU Tenon], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Tenon [APHP], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques ( IMAGINE - U1163 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé ( LPPS - EA 4057 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Clinique des maladies mentales et de l'encéphale ( CMME - Service de psychiatrie ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Laboratoire de psychopathologie et psychologie médicale ( LPPM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille ( CRCM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) ( NEURO ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon ( CICB ), Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Tenon [AP-HP], and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Kynurenic Acid, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Kynurenic acid, Mast Cells, Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, Acute stress, Quinolinic acid, Kynurenine, Depression (differential diagnoses), Depression, Tryptophan, Middle Aged, Mast cell, Rat-brain, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.anatomical_structure, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Female, medicine.symptom, Mastocytosis, Serotonin, medicine.medical_specialty, Inflammation, Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor, Central-nervous-system, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Depressive Disorder, Major, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Beck Depression Inventory, Interferon-alpha, Mammalian brain, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Immune-system, chemistry, Immunology, Indoleamine 2?3-dioxygenase, business, Stress, Psychological, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Converging sources of evidence point to a role for inflammation in the development of depression, fatigue and cognitive dysfunction. More precisely, the tryptophan (TRP) catabolism is thought to play a major role in inflammation-induced depression. Mastocytosis is a rare disease in which chronic symptoms, including depression, are related to mast cell accumulation and activation. Our objectives were to study the correlations between neuropsychiatric features and the TRP catabolism pathway in mastocytosis in order to demonstrate mast cells' potential involvement in inflammation-induced depression. Fifty-four patients with mastocytosis and a mean age of 50.1 years were enrolled in the study and compared healthy age-matched controls. Depression and stress were evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory revised and the Perceived Stress Scale. All patients had measurements of TRP, serotonin (5-HT), kynurenine (KYN), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) activity (ratio KYN/TRP), kynurenic acid (KA) and quinolinic acid (QA). Patients displayed significantly lower levels of TRP and 5-HT without hypoalbuminemia or malabsorption, higher IDO1 activity, and higher levels of KA and QA, with an imbalance towards the latter. High perceived stress and high depression scores were associated with low TRP and high IDO1 activity. In conclusion, TRP metabolism is altered in mastocytosis and correlates with perceived stress and depression, demonstrating mast cells' involvement in inflammation pathways linked to depression.
Published: 2016

12. Slowing of information processing speed without motor slowing in multiple sclerosis observed during two crossing-off tasks

Author: M. Binetruy, Pierre Vandel, Eric Laurent, Eloi Magnin, Gilles Chopard, Thibault Moreau, Jean Galmiche, Centre de soins Les Tilleroyes [Besançon], Regional Network for Diagnosis Aid and Management of patients with Cognitive Impairment in the Franche-Comté geographical area, Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche [CHRU de Besançon] (CMRR), Hôpital Saint-Jacques [CHRU de Besançon] -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Département de psychiatrie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire de Psychologie - UFC (EA 3188) (PSYCHO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre d'épidémiologie des populations (CEP), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Service de Neurologie générale, vasculaire et dégénérative (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche [Besançon] ( CMRR ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Département de psychiatrie [CHU de Besançon], Laboratoire de Psychologie - UFC ( PSYCHO ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre d'épidémiologie des populations ( CEP ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon )
Subjects: Adult, Male, Handwriting, 050103 clinical psychology, medicine.medical_specialty, Movement, Crossing-Off Test, Automatic processes, Neuropsychological Tests, Audiology, Cognitive processes, Developmental psychology, Multiple sclerosis, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, Mental Processes, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting, 0302 clinical medicine, Reaction Time, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Psychomotor learning, 05 social sciences, Information processing, medicine.disease, Neurology, Information processing speed, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), Psychology, Controlled processes, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Introduction Slowing of information processing speed (IPS) is often considered one of the primary deficits seen in multiple sclerosis (MS). IPS is usually measured by tasks that involve many cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to determine whether similar IPS slowing can also be observed during two simple, timed, psychomotor crossing-off tasks. Method The Crossing-Off Test (COT), a simple psychomotor task, was performed under two conditions (COT1 corresponded to writing habits, COT2 used horizontal sweeping) in 25 relapsing–remitting MS patients (EDSS 0–1) and 25 healthy controls. Results The MS group compared with the control group was impaired on COT1 (P = 0.0043) and not on COT2 (P = 0.4), and the COT1 performance of MS patients with EDSS 1 was more impaired than those of patients with EDSS 0 (P = 0.008). Discussion/conclusion These results indicate that only some of the IPS cognitive subcomponents linked with COT1 tasks are initially involved in the slowing of IPS during MS, suggesting that different mechanisms are involved in each tested version of the COT.
Published: 2016

13. A Lack of Clinical Effect of High-frequency rTMS to Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex on Bulimic Symptoms: A Randomised, Double-blind Trial

Author: Gay, aurélia, Jaussent, Isabelle, sigaud, torrance, Billard, stéphane, Attal, Jérôme, Sénèque, Maude, Galusca, Bogdan, Van Den Eynde, Frederique, Catherine, Massoubre, Courtet, Philippe, Guillaume, Sebastien, Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie [CHU Saint-Etienne], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne)-Hôpital Nord (Saint Etienne), TAPE laboratory [Saint-Étienne], Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Département d'urgences et post urgences psychiatriques [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Department of Psychiatry [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], This study received financial support from CHRU Montpellier (PHRC-IR UF 8709)., SENEQUE, maude, and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, craving, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Prefrontal Cortex, bulimia nervosa, eating disorders, Middle Aged, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, behavioral disciplines and activities, Behavior, Addictive, Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, nervous system, Food, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, mental disorders, neuromodulation, Humans, Female, Bulimia, Binge-Eating Disorder, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract: Studies suggest that stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) reduces food craving in bulimic patients, but evidence supporting repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a therapeutic tool is lacking. We investigated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of an adjunct high-frequency rTMS programme targeting the left DLPFC. Forty-seven women with bulimia nervosa were randomised to a real or sham stimulation group. The real group underwent 10 rTMS sessions, each consisting of 20 trains of 5 seconds with 55-second intervals between trains, at a frequency of 10 Hz. The main outcome was the number of binge episodes in the 15 days following the end of stimulation. Overall, no significant improvement in bingeing and purging symptoms was noted after the programme. rTMS was well tolerated. This suggests that 10 sessions of high-frequency rTMS to the left DLPFC provide no greater benefit than placebo. Future studies should consider methodological issues as well as alternative targets. Copyright © 2016 John WileySons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Published: 2016

14. Evaluating preferences for online psychological interventions to decrease cannabis use in young adults with psychosis : an observational study

Author: Tatar, Ovidiu, Abdel-Baki, Amal, Dyachenko, Alina, Bakouni, Hamzah, Bahremand, Arash, Tibbo, Philip G., David, Crockford, Roy, Marc-André, Copeland, Jan, Fischer, Benedikt, Lecomte, Tania, Côté, José, Ouellet-Plamondon, Clairélaine, L'Heureux, Sophie, Villeneuve, Marie, Jutras-Aswad, Didier, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: First episode psychosis, Digital healthe, Youth, mHealth, Health, Cannabis use disorder, Best-Worst Scaling, Mental health, App-based intervention, Mobile health, Smartphone, Survey
Abstract: Innovative technology-based solutions have the potential to improve access to clinically proven interventions for cannabis use disorder (CUD) in individuals with first episode psychosis (FEP). High patient engagement with app-based interventions is critical for achieving optimal outcomes. 104 individuals 18 to 35 years old with FEP and CUD from three Canadian provinces completed an electronic survey to evaluate preferences for online psychological intervention intensity, participation autonomy, feedback related to cannabis use, and technology platforms and app functionalities. The development of the questionnaire was informed by a qualitative study that included patients and clinicians. We used Best-Worst Scaling (BWS) and item ranking methodologies to measure preferences. Conditional logistic regression models for BWS data revealed high preferences for moderate intervention intensity (e.g., modules with a length of 15 min) and treatment autonomy that included preferences for using technology-based interventions and receiving feedback related to cannabis use once a week. Luce regression models for rank items revealed high preferences for smartphone-based apps, video intervention components, and having access to synchronous communications with clinicians and gamification elements. Results informed the development of iCanChange (iCC), a smartphone-based intervention for the treatment of CUD in individuals with FEP that is undergoing clinical testing.
Published: 2023

15. Google Trends ® : Ready for real-time suicide prevention or just a Zeta-Jones effect? An exploratory study

Author: Lore Brunel, Guillaume Fond, Emmanuel Haffen, Alexandru Gaman, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Université Montpellier 1 - UFR de Médecine (UM1 Médecine), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Département de psychiatrie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Département de psychiatrie [CHU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne (NPsy-Sydo), and CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
Subjects: Suicide Prevention, Bipolar Disorder, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Information Seeking Behavior, Population, Exploratory research, Suicide, Attempted, Commit, Risk Assessment, Suicide prevention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Mass Media, 030212 general & internal medicine, Bipolar disorder, Media event, education, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Depressive Disorder, Major, Internet, education.field_of_study, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Health Policy, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, 16. Peace & justice, medicine.disease, Imitative Behavior, Semantics, 030227 psychiatry, Search Engine, Suicide, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Search words, Psychology, Social psychology
Abstract: Two studies have shown that increasing the consultation of the word "suicide" in the Google search engine was associated with a subsequent increase in the prevalence of suicide attempts. The main goal of this article was to explore the trends generated by a key-word search associated with suicide, depression and bipolarity in an attempt to identify general trends (disorders epidemics in the population/"real events" vs newsworthy advertisement/"media event"). Based on previous studies, the frequency of the search words "how to suicide" and "commit suicide" were analyzed for suicide, as well as "depression" (for depressive disorders) and "bipolar disorder". Together, these analyses suggest that the search for the words "how to suicide" or "commit suicide" on the Google search engine may be a good indicator for suicide prevention policies. However, the tool is not developed enough to date to be used as a real time dynamic indicator of suicide epidemics. The frequency of the search for the word "suicide" was associated with those for "depression" but not for "bipolar disorder", but searches for psychiatric conditions seem to be influenced by media events more than by real events in the general population.
Published: 2015

16. Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 patients hospitalized for psychiatric disorders: a French multi-centered prospective observational study

Author: Claire Jansen, Pierre Thomas, Djamila Bennabi, Dominique Drapier, Thomas Schwitzer, Delphine Capdevielle, Noe Teboul, Pascal Delamillieure, Emmanuelle Corruble, Christophe Schmitt, Daniela Dobre, Olivier C. Martin, Pierre Abdel Ahad, Antoine Pelissolo, Clément Vansteene, Benjamin Rolland, Marion Leboyer, Raymund Schwan, Fabienne Ligier, Wanda Yekhlef, Antoine Yrondi, Raphaël Gaillard, William Lecoeur, Radoine Haoui, Mathilde Roser, Vincent Laprevote, Catherine Massoubre, Sonia Dollfus, Fabien Joubert, Philip Gorwood, Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy [Laxou] (CPN), Faculté de Médecine [Nancy], Université de Lorraine (UL), Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires (APEMAC), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Imagerie et Stratégies Thérapeutiques de la Schizophrénie (ISTS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Centre hospitalier régional Metz-Thionville (CHR Metz-Thionville), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Clinique des maladies mentales et de l'encéphale (CMME - Service de psychiatrie), Hôpital Sainte-Anne-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service Psychiatrie et psychologie médicale [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Psychiatrie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre Hospitalier Gérard Marchant, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy (CPN), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, HAL UR1, Admin, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Universitaire d’Addictologie de Lyon [CH Le Vinatier, Bron] (Pôle MOPHA - SUAL), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Etablissement Public de Santé Alsace Nord, Partenaires INRAE, Hôpital Sainte-Anne-Université de Paris (UP), Etablissement public de santé de Ville-Evrard (EPS), Service Psychiatrie et psychologie médicale [CHU Purpan], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog (ex-JPARC)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Population, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Confusional state, Logistic regression, Lower risk, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Organic mental disorders, Intensive care, medicine, Psychiatry, Prospective cohort study, education, Applied Psychology, Univariate analysis, education.field_of_study, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, business.industry, Medical record, COVID-19, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Mental health, Confidence interval, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychiatry and Mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Original Article, Observational study, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background: At the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, specific COVID/PSY wards were created in France to provide care for inpatients with COVID-19 and psychiatric disorders. In this multi-center prospective study, we set out to assess the clinical features and risk factors of somatic aggravation in patients hospitalized in COVID/PSY wards. Methods: Data were collected between 28 February and 30 May, 2020. We collected demographic data, psychiatric diagnoses, medical data and COVID-19-related clinical data. Somatic aggravation was estimated by the number of patients transferred to intensive care or medicine units, the number of deaths and the number of patients presenting a confusional state. A multivariate logistic model was used to assess the risk factors of confusional state and transfer to intensive care or medicine units. The risk of death was analysed by the univariate predictors of this outcome. Outcomes: 350 patients were included in the study. The number of inclusions peaked one week after that of the general population and declined more slowly. Overall, 24 (7%) were transferred to medicine units, 7 (2%) died and 51 (15%) patients presented a confusional state. Severe respiratory symptoms predicted the transfer to a medicine unit (OR 17.1; CI 4.9-59.3). Older age, an organic mental disorder, a confusional state, and severe respiratory symptoms predicted mortality in univariate analysis. Age > 55 (OR 4.9; CI 2.1-11.4), an affective disorder (OR 4.1; CI 1.6-10.9), and severe respiratory symptoms (OR 4.6; CI 2.2-9.7) predicted a higher risk, while smoking (OR 0.3; CI 0.1-0.9) predicted a lower risk of a confusional state. Interpretation: COVID-19 patients with severe psychiatric disorders have multiple somatic comorbidities and a high risk of confusion. COVID/PSY wards may play a role in reducing the mortality of COVID-19 in patients with psychiatric disorders. Funding Statement: There was no funding source for this study. Declaration of Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to be declared. Ethics Approval Statement: This observational study was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. In accordance with French bioethics laws, it was classified as a non- interventional study, since it concerned anonymized clinical data that are routinely compiled in medical records. Compliance with French regulations on personal data collection was supervised by the personal data referent of the Centre Psychotherapique de Nancy. Patients, and their legal guardian when appropriate, were informed in writing, in agreement with national regulations for observational studies.
Published: 2023

17. Risk Factors Associated With Driving After Cannabis Use Among Canadian Young Adults

Author: Alain Jacques, Serge Brochu, Jorge Flores-Aranda, Jacques Bergeron, Christophe Huỳnh, Alexis Beaulieu-Thibodeau, Jean-Sébastien Fallu, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. École de criminologie, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. École de psychoéducation, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: Canada, Health (social science), Driving under the influence, 030508 substance abuse, Medicine (miscellaneous), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, Cannabis, Risk-taking, biology, business.industry, celebrities, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Automobile driving, Cannabis use, biology.organism_classification, celebrities.reason_for_arrest, Psychiatry and Mental health, Risk factors, 0305 other medical science, business, Risk taking
Abstract: This study identifid the most prominent risk factors associated with driving after cannabis use (DACU). 1,126 Canadian drivers (17–35 years old) who have used cannabis in the past 12 months completed an online questionnaire about sociodemographic information, substance use habits, cannabis effect expectancies, driving behaviours and peers’ behaviours and attitudes concerning DACU. A hierarchical logistic regression allowed identifying variables that were associated with DACU. Income (CA$30,000–CA$69,000), weekly-to-daily cannabis use, higher level of cannabis-related problems, expectation that cannabis facilitates social interactions, drunk driving, belief that DACU is safe, general risky driving behaviours, having a few friends who had DACU and injunctive norms predicted past 12-month DACU. Older age, holding negative expectations concerning cannabis, driving aggressively and perceived accessibility of public transportation decreased the probability of DACU. With restricted resources, programmes will be more efficient by targeting Canadian young adults most inclined to DACU by focussing on these risk factors.
Published: 2021

18. Measuring Substance-Related Disorders Using Canadian Administrative Health Databanks: Interprovincial Comparisons of Recorded Diagnostic Rates, Incidence Proportions and Mortality Rate Ratios

Author: Steve Kisely, Didier Jutras-Aswad, Louis Rochette, Kenneth B Morrison, Christophe Huỳnh, Alain Lesage, Mark Asbridge, Charles Burchill, Elizabeth Lin, Shelley Li, Éric Pelletier, Gareth Hopkin, Mark Smith, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: Ontario, Canada, Alcohol-related disorders, medicine.medical_specialty, Databases, Factual, International classification of diseases, Premature mortality, Substance-Related Disorders, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Public health, Health outcomes, Healthcare administrative claims, Psychiatry and Mental health, Nova Scotia, Environmental health, Humans, Medicine, business, Regular Articles
Abstract: Context Assessing temporal changes in the recorded diagnostic rates, incidence proportions, and health outcomes of substance-related disorders (SRD) can inform public health policymakers in reducing harms associated with alcohol and other drugs. Objective To report the annual and cumulative recorded diagnostic rates and incidence proportions of SRD, as well as mortality rate ratios (MRRs) by cause of death among this group in Canada, according to their province of residence. Methods Analyses were performed on linked administrative health databases (AHD; physician claims, hospitalizations, and vital statistics) in five Canadian provinces (Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Québec, and Nova Scotia). Canadians 12 years and older and registered for their provincial healthcare coverage were included. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes) was used for case identification of SRD from April 2001 to March 2018. Results During the study period, the annual recorded SRD diagnostic rates increased in Alberta (2001–2002: 8.0‰; 2017–2018: 12.8‰), Ontario (2001–2002: 11.5‰; 2017–2018: 14.4‰), and Nova Scotia (2001–2002: 6.4‰; 2017–2018: 12.7‰), but remained stable in Manitoba (2001–2002: 5.5‰; 2017–2018: 5.4‰) and Québec (2001–2002 and 2017–2018: 7.5‰). Cumulative recorded SRD diagnostic rates increased steadily for all provinces. Recorded incidence proportions increased significantly in Alberta (2001–2002: 4.5‰; 2017–2018: 5.0‰) and Nova Scotia (2001–2002: 3.3‰; 2017–2018: 3.8‰), but significantly decreased in Ontario (2001–2002: 6.2‰; 2017–2018: 4.7‰), Québec (2001–2002: 4.1‰; 2017–2018: 3.2‰) and Manitoba (2001–2002: 2.7‰; 2017–2018: 2.0‰). For almost all causes of death, a higher MRR was found among individuals with recorded SRD than in the general population. The causes of death in 2015–2016 with the highest MRR for SRD individuals were SRD, suicide, and non-suicide trauma in Alberta, Ontario, Manitoba, and Québec. Discussion Linked AHD covering almost the entire population can be useful to monitor the medical service trends of SRD and, therefore, guide health services planning in Canadian provinces., Contexte Évaluer les changements temporels des taux diagnostiques enregistrés, les proportions de l’incidence et les résultats de santé des troubles liés aux substances (TLS) peut informer les décideurs de la santé publique dans la réduction des méfaits associés à l’alcool et autres drogues. Objectif Faire rapport sur les taux diagnostiques enregistrés annuels et cumulatifs et les proportions de l’incidence des TLS, ainsi que les rapports des taux de mortalité (RTM) par cause de décès au sein de ce groupe au Canada, selon leur province de résidence. Méthodes Des analyses ont été exécutées sur des bases de données de santé administratives couplées (réclamations de médecins, hospitalisations, statistiques vitales) dans cinq provinces canadiennes (Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Québec, et Nouvelle-Écosse). Des Canadiens de 12 ans et plus inscrits à leur assurance-santé provinciale étaient inclus. La Classification internationale des maladies (CIM-9 ou −10 codes) a servi à l’identification de cas de TLS d’avril 2001 à mars 2018. Résultats Durant la période de l’étude, les taux diagnostiques de TLS enregistrés annuellement ont augmenté en Alberta (2001–2002 : 8,0 ‰; 2017–2018 : 12,8 ‰), en Ontario (2001–2002 : 11,5 ‰; 2017–2018 : 14,4 ‰), et en Nouvelle-Écosse (2001–2002 : 6,4 ‰; 2017–2018: 12,7 ‰), mais sont demeurés stables au Manitoba (2001–2002 : 5,5 ‰; 2017–2018 : 5,4 ‰) et au Québec (2001–2002 et 2017–2018 : 7,5 ‰). Les taux diagnostiques de TLS cumulatifs enregistrés ont augmenté régulièrement pour toutes les provinces. Les proportions de l’incidence enregistrées se sont accrues significativement en Alberta (2001–2002 : 4,5 ‰; 2017–2018 : 5,0 ‰) et en Nouvelle-Écosse (2001–2002 : 3,3 ‰; 2017–2018 : 3,8 ‰), mais ont significativement diminué en Ontario (2001–2002 : 6,2 ‰; 2017–2018 : 4,7 ‰), au Québec (2001–2002 : 4,1 ‰; 2017–2018 : 3,2 ‰) et au Manitoba (2001–2002 : 2,7 ‰; 2017–2018 : 2,0 ‰). Pour presque toutes les causes de décès, des RTM plus élevés ont été constatés chez les personnes ayant des TLS enregistrés que dans la population générale. Les causes de décès en 2015–2016 avec les RTM les plus élevés pour les personnes présentant de TLS étaient les TLS, le suicide, et les traumatismes de non-suicide en Alerta, en Ontario, au Manitoba, et au Québec. Discussion Les bases de données de santé administratives jumelées qui couvrent presque la population en entier peuvent être utiles pour surveiller les tendances des services médicaux de TLS et par conséquent, guider la planification des services de santé dans les provinces canadiennes.
Published: 2021

19. Predictors of infant foster care in cases of maternal psychiatric disorders

Author: Sylvie Nezelof, Rafaële Cammas, Claudine Mertens, Marie-Emmanuelle Klopfert, Marie-Agathe Zimmermann, François Poinso, Christine Rainelli, Pascale Tielemans, Anne-Claire Thieulin, Alain Debourg, Corinne Amzallag, Michel Maron, Odile Cazas, Anne-Laure Sutter-Dallay, Nine M.-C. Glangeaud-Freudenthal, Véronique Dagens, Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants (UMR_S 953), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Pharmacoepidemiologie et évaluation de l'impact des produits de santé sur les populations, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Charles PERRENS, Unité mère-bébé [Montesson], Centre Hospitalier Théophile Roussel, Département de Psychiatrie et de Santé mentale, CHU Strasbourg-Hopital Civil, Service de soins en périnatalité, Hôpital du vesinet, Unité Psychomédicale Mère-bébé, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil (CHIC), Service de psychiatrie, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Unité d'hospitalisation mère-bébé, Hôpital de jour La pomme, Unité Mère-Bébé [Bruxelles], Centre Hospitalier Jean Titeca, Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de psychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent, CH Esquirol [Limoges] (CH Esquirol), Centre Médical Pédiatrique, Centre Médical Pédiatrique Clairs Vallons, Unité Mère-Bébé [Gent], Hôpital Psychiatrique Sint-Camillus, Hôpital Fontan-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Département de psychiatrie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Unité d'Hospitalisation Parents-enfants, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), We also thank the Francophone Marcé Society for its funding, Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants ( UMR_S 953 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, CH Esquirol [Limoges] ( CH Esquirol ), Hôpital Fontan-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Service de psychiatrie infanto-juvénile, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] ( Hôpitaux Sud ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Debs, Nayla
Subjects: Adult, Postnatal Care, medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), Social Psychology, Epidemiology, Mothers, Poison control, Suicide prevention, Article, Foster Home Care, Depression, Postpartum, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Belgium, Epidemiology of child psychiatric disorders, Injury prevention, medicine, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, business.industry, Mental Disorders, Infant Welfare, Infant, Newborn, Human factors and ergonomics, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Mother-Child Relations, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Foster care, Social Class, Multivariate analysis, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, business, Psychiatric disorders, Risk factors for foster care, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Mother and child separation, Postpartum Mother and baby hospitalization
Abstract: International audience; PURPOSE: Our aim was to investigate the factors associated with mother-child separation at discharge, after joint hospitalization in psychiatric mother-baby units (MBUs) in France and Belgium. Because parents with postpartum psychiatric disorders are at risk of disturbed parent-infant interactions, their infants have an increased risk of an unstable early foundation. They may be particularly vulnerable to environmental stress and have a higher risk of developing some psychiatric disorders in adulthood. METHODS: This prospective longitudinal study of 1,018 women with postpartum psychiatric disorders, jointly admitted with their infant to 16 French and Belgian psychiatric mother-baby units (MBUs), used multifactorial logistic regression models to assess the risk factors for mother-child separation at discharge from MBUs. Those factors include some infant characteristics associated with personal vulnerability, parents' pathology and psychosocial context. RESULTS: Most children were discharged with their mothers, but 151 (15 %) were separated from their mothers at discharge. Risk factors independently associated with separation were: (1) neonatal or infant medical problems or complications; (2) maternal psychiatric disorder; (3) paternal psychiatric disorder; (4) maternal lack of good relationship with others; (5) mother receipt of disability benefits; (6) low social class. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the existence of factors other than maternal pathology that lead to decisions to separate mother and child for the child's protection in a population of mentally ill mothers jointly hospitalized with the baby in the postpartum period.
Published: 2013

20. Theory of mind and context processing in schizophrenia: the role of social knowledge

Author: Champagne-Lavau, Maud, Charest, Anick, Blouin, Guy, Rodriguez, Jean-Pierre, Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de psychiatrie [Montréal, Canada], Université de Montréal (UdeM), Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), and Département de psychiatrie [Montréal]
Subjects: schizophrenia, irony, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Theory of mind, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, social knowledge, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, behavioral disciplines and activities, context
Abstract: International audience; A deficit in social cognition is one of the most disabling clinical characteristics of schizophrenia including theory of mind, emotion processing, social perception and attributional bias (Couture et al., 2006). For this reason, social cognition has become a high priority domain of research to study schizophrenia (Green et al., 2008). The inability to infer intentions and beliefs of others has been supposed to result from their inability to use contextual information (Hardy-Baylé et al., 2003; Green et al., 2005). However, despite increasing evidence for impaired context processing, there has been little research into the relevance of these deficits for an understanding of social cognition, particularly ToM, in schizophrenia. It was also suggested that several factors such as level of incongruity between context and speaker's utterance, prosody, or character's features set in the stimulus situation cue the comprehension of the ironic intent among healthy subjects (Ivanko and Pexman, 2003). The aim of this study was to determine whether stereotypes (type of speaker's occupation) were social factors that cue comprehension of ironic intent in schizophrenia.
Published: 2012

21. Differentiating men and women with schizophrenia according to their cognitive profiles

Author: Laurent Lecardeur, Adrianna Mendrek, Centre-Imagerie, Neurosciences, et Application aux Pathologies (CI-NAPS - UMR 6232), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de psychiatrie [Montréal, Canada], Université de Montréal (UdeM), and Département de psychiatrie [Montréal]
Subjects: Family health, Family Health, Male, Sex Characteristics, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cognition, 030227 psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Schizophrenia, Humans, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Psychology, Cognition Disorders, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biological Psychiatry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Clinical psychology, Sex characteristics
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

22. Inpatient mother-and-child postpartum psychiatric care: factors associated with improvement in maternal mental health

Author: Christine Rainelli, Marie-Agathe Zimmermann, Anne-Claire Thieulin, Anne-Laure Sutter, Blanche Massari, Pierre-Yves Ancel, Odile Cazas, Nine M.-C. Glangeaud-Freudenthal, Alain Debourg, Michel Maron, Rafaële Cammas, Véronique Dagens-Lafont, Babak Khoshnood, Sylvie Nezelof, François Poinso, Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants ( UMR_S 953 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Pôle Universitaire Psychiatrie Adulte, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Hôpital Charles Perrens, Laboratoire de psychologie:Santé et qualité de vie, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Centre Hospitalier Théophile Roussel, Département de Psychiatrie et de Santé mentale, CHU Strasbourg-Hopital Civil, Service de soins en périnatalité, Hôpital du vesinet, Unite Medico-Psychologique pour la Mère et l'Enfant, CHI Créteil, Service de psychiatrie, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Unité d'hospitalisation mère-bébé, Hôpital de jour La pomme, Unité mère-bébé [Montesson], Unité d'Hospitalisation Parents-enfants, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] ( Hôpitaux Sud ), Hôpital Fontan-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Service de psychiatrie infanto-juvénile, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants (UMR_S 953), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Hôpital Fontan-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Département de psychiatrie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Debs, Nayla, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux]
Subjects: Male, Epidemiology, Social and Cross Cultural, MESH : Prospective Studies, Psychiatry in Europe, Disease, MESH : Mental Health, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, Patient-Centered Care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Childbirth, MESH : Female, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, MESH: Inpatients, MESH: Postnatal Care, MESH: Treatment Outcome, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Mental Health, Mental Disorders, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Postpartum Period, MESH : Postnatal Care, MESH : Questionnaires, MESH : Infant, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Middle Aged, MESH : Adult, MESH: Infant, MESH: Mothers, Postpartum disorders, MESH : Patient-Centered Care, MESH : Postpartum Period, 3. Good health, MESH: International Classification of Diseases, Psychiatry and Mental health, Mental Health, Treatment Outcome, Schizophrenia, MESH: Young Adult, MESH : Mothers, MESH : Inpatients, Female, Psychology, Clinical psychology, Adult, Postnatal Care, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, MESH : Male, MESH : Young Adult, Mothers, MESH : Treatment Outcome, MESH : Infant, Newborn, MESH: Patient-Centered Care, MESH: Postpartum Period, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, International Classification of Diseases, MESH : Adolescent, MESH : International Classification of Diseases, medicine, MESH: Mental Disorders, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, Personality disorders, MESH : Mental Disorders, Psychiatry, MESH: Adolescent, Inpatients, MESH: Humans, Public health, MESH: Questionnaires, MESH : Humans, Infant, Newborn, Social environment, Infant, Mother-baby unit, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, Mental illness, Mental health, Schizophrenia and psychosis, MESH: Prospective Studies, MESH: Male, 030227 psychiatry, Affective disorders, MESH : Pregnancy, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female
Abstract: PurposeThis study assessed the underexplored factors associated with significant improvement in mothers’ mental health during postpartum inpatient psychiatric care.MethodsThis study analyzed clinical improvement in a prospective cohort of 869 women jointly admitted with their infant to 13 psychiatric Mother-Baby Units (MBUs) in France between 2001 and 2007. Predictive variables tested were: maternal mental illness (ICD-10), sociodemographic characteristics, mental illness and childhood abuse history, acute or chronic disorder, pregnancy and birth data, characteristics and mental health of the mother's partner, and MBU characteristics.ResultsTwo thirds of the women improved significantly by discharge. Admission for 25% was for a first acute episode very early after childbirth. Independent factors associated with marked improvement at discharge were bipolar or depressive disorder, a first acute episode or relapse of such an episode. Schizophrenia, a personality disorder, and poor social integration (as measured by occupational status) were all related to poor clinical outcomes.DiscussionMost women improved significantly while under care in MBUs. Our results emphasize the importance of the type of disease but also its chronicity and the social integration when providing postpartum psychiatric care.
Published: 2011

23. Gene expression of circadian genes and CIART in bipolar disorder: A preliminary case-control study

Author: Cindie Courtin, Cynthia Marie-Claire, Gregory Gross, Vincent Hennion, Emeline Mundwiller, Justine Guégan, Manon Meyrel, Frank Bellivier, Bruno Etain, Etain, Bruno, Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie d'Adultes et d'Addictologie du Grand Nancy (PHUPAA), Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique [AP-HP HU Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand Widal] (HUSLS-LRB-FW), Hôpitaux Universitaires Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand-Widal, Plateforme iGenSeq [Paris], Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Pharmacology, MESH: Humans, MESH: Gene Expression, Bipolar disorder, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Circadian, RNA sequencing, MESH: Case-Control Studies, Polymerase chain reaction, MESH: ARNTL Transcription Factors, CIART, MESH: Bipolar Disorder, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Gene expression, MESH: Circadian Rhythm, Biological Psychiatry
Abstract: International audience; Based on the observed circadian rhythms disruptions and sleep abnormalities in bipolar disorders (BD), a chronobiological model has been proposed suggesting that core clock genes play a central role in the vulnerability to the disorder. In this context, the analysis of circadian genes expression levels is particularly relevant, however studies focused on the whole set of core clock genes are scarce. We compared the levels of expression of 19 circadian genes (including the recently described circadian repressor (CIART)) in 37 euthymic individuals with BD and 20 healthy controls (HC), using data obtained by RNA sequencing of lymphoblastoid cell lines and validated the results using RT-qPCR. RNA sequencing data showed that CIART gene expression was correlated with those of ARNTL, ARNTL2, DBP, PER2 and TIMELESS. Data from RNA sequencing showed that the level of expression of four circadian genes (ARNTL, ARNTL2, BHLHE41 and CIART) discriminated individuals with BD from HC. We replicated this result using RT-qPCR for ARNTL and CIART. This study suggests that an imbalance between activation/repression of the transcription within the circadian system in individuals with BD as compared to HC and as such opens avenues for further research in larger independent samples combining both expression and epigenetic analyses.
Published: 2022

24. Comment évaluer la dysmorphie musculaire ? Un état de l’art international

Author: Cuadrado, Jérôme, Meyer, Éric, Chadapeaud, Léo, Cheval, Yoan, Cornet, Christelle, Hernandez-Comte, Aurélia, Michel, Grégory, Institut de Sciences Criminelles et de la Justice (ISCJ), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Faculté de psychologie, université de Bordeaux, Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Département de psychiatrie, centre hospitalier de Jonzac
Subjects: [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

25. International Consensus on the screening, diagnosis and treatment of patients with substance use disorders comorbid with attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity

Author: van Kernebeek, Michiel W., Vorspan, Florence, Crunelle, Cleo L., van den Brink, Wim, Dom, Geert, Moggi, Franz, Konstenius, Maija, Franck, Johan, Levin, Frances R., van de Glind, Geurt, Ramos-Quiroga, Jose A., Demetrovics, Zsolt, Coetzee, Corné, Luderen, Mathias, Schellekens, Arnt, Matthys, Frieda, Icick, Romain, Institut Català de la Salut, [van Kernebeek MW, Crunelle CL ] Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgique. [Vorspan F] Département de psychiatrie et de médecine addictologique, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP–HP), Groupe Hospitalier Saint-Louis, Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Paris, France. Inserm U1144, optimization thérapeutique en neuropsychopharmacologie, Paris, France. Université de Paris, Inserm UMR-S1144, Paris, France. [van den Brink W] Amsterdam Institute of Addiction Research (AIAR), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Pays-Bas. [Dom G] Antwerp University & Hospital, Addiction Psychiatry, Psychiatric Center Alexian Brothers, Antwerp, Belgique. [Moggi F] University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Suisse. [van de Glindj G] Bachelor School of Nursing, Institute for Nursing Studies, University of Applied Science, Utrecht, Pays-Bas. Servei de Psiquiatria, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. [Ramos-Quiroga JA] Unitat de Genètica Psiquiàtrica, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Espagne. Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, and ICASA Consensus Group
Subjects: Adult, Consensus, Pharmacology. Therapy, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Otros calificadores::/diagnóstico [Otros calificadores], Comorbidity, Other subheadings::/therapy [Other subheadings], trastornos inducidos químicamente::trastornos relacionados con sustancias [ENFERMEDADES], Substance use disorder, Toxicology, Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, Abús de substàncies, Mental Disorders::Neurodevelopmental Disorders::Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders::Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity [PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOLOGY], Other subheadings::/diagnosis [Other subheadings], Trastorn per dèficit d'atenció amb hiperactivitat - Tractament, Human medicine, Chemically-Induced Disorders::Substance-Related Disorders [DISEASES], trastornos mentales::trastornos del desarrollo neurológico::trastornos conductuales disruptivos y déficit de atención::trastornos de déficit de atención con hiperactividad [PSIQUIATRÍA Y PSICOLOGÍA], Trastorn per dèficit d'atenció amb hiperactivitat - Diagnòstic, Otros calificadores::/terapia [Otros calificadores]
Abstract: Contexte: Le trouble du déficit de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivité (TDAH) de l’adulte est souvent associé aux troubles de l’usage de substances (TUS), qui ont alors un début précoce et un développement plus sévère, avec une efficacité moindre du traitement. Il n’existe pas de recommandation en langue française sur le repérage, le diagnostic et la prise en charge de ces situations de comorbidité. Méthodes: nous avons utilisé la méthode de Delphi modifiée et la revue de la littérature pour aboutir à une déclaration de consensus concernant le dépistage, le diagnostic et le traitement du TDAH chez les sujets souffrant de TUS. Résultats: Les outils de dépistage du TDAH sont utiles chez les adultes souffrant de TUS. Ils devraient être utilisés en routine en cas de TUS, mais être suivis d’une confirmation diagnostique du TDAH le plus vite possible. Un traitement simultané et intégré du TDAH et des TUS combinant psychothérapie et de pharmacothérapie, est recommandé, incluant le méthylphénidate et les amphétamines dans leurs formes à libération prolongée, ainsi que l’atomoxétine. Des doses élevées peuvent être envisagées chez les patients ne répondant pas à la posologie usuelle. Discussion: des outils diagnostiques et thérapeutiques sont disponibles pour la prise en charge du TDAH en contexte de TUS. Les traitements pharmacologiques sont en cours d’autorisation finale en France. Chez les sujets souffrant de TDAH, des comorbidités psychiatriques et non-psychiatriques autres que le TUS sont très fréquentes, mais ne doivent pas retarder la prise en charge multimodale.
Published: 2022

26. Gender and genotype modulation of the association between lipid levels and depressive symptomatology in community-dwelling elderly (the ESPRIT study)

Author: Jean-Philippe Boulenger, Robert Stewart, Marie-Laure Ancelin, Anne-Marie Dupuy, Isabelle Carrière, Isabelle Chaudieu, Alain Malafosse, Jean-Paul Cristol, Karen Ritchie, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Département de Psychiatrie, Geneva University Hospital (HUG)-Hôpital Belle-Idée, Institute of Psychiatry, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL)-King‘s College London, Département de biochimie [Montpellier], Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Lapeyronie, Région languedoc-Roussillon Swiss National Fund for Scientific Research (grant 32-112084 and an unconditional grant from Novartis. This work was supported by a Projet Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique (PHRC n°2001-14-06r, from the CHRU de Montpellier, Languedoc Roussillon)., ANR-07-LVIE-0004,ESPRIT-VIE,Interaction entre la vulnérabilité génétique, la dysrégulation biologique et le stress dans la dépression du sujet âgé(2007), Villebrun, Dominique, Longévité et vieillissement - Interaction entre la vulnérabilité génétique, la dysrégulation biologique et le stress dans la dépression du sujet âgé - - ESPRIT-VIE2007 - ANR-07-LVIE-0004 - LVIE - VALID, and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Apolipoprotein E, Male, serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR), [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Physiology, Blood lipids, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics, chemistry.chemical_compound, ddc:616.89, 0302 clinical medicine, Cholesterol, LDL/*blood/genetics, Longitudinal Studies, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Serotonin transporter, Aged, 80 and over, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, education.field_of_study, biology, [SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Depression, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 3. Good health, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Cholesterol, HDL/*blood/genetics, gender differences, Low-density lipoprotein, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Psychology, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Population, elderly, 03 medical and health sciences, Apolipoproteins E, Sex Factors, lipid, Internal medicine, Depressive Disorder/*blood/diagnosis/*genetics, Interview, Psychological, medicine, Humans, education, Biological Psychiatry, Aged, Depressive Disorder, Chi-Square Distribution, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, HDL, Odds ratio, Cholesterol, LDL, medicine.disease, Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics, 030227 psychiatry, gene-environment interaction, Endocrinology, Cross-Sectional Studies, chemistry, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Multivariate Analysis, biology.protein, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Apolipoproteins E/genetics, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Dyslipidemia, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Lipids appear to mediate depressive vulnerability in the elderly; however, sex differences and genetic vulnerability have not been taken into account in previous prospective studies. METHODS: Depression was assessed in a population of 1040 women and 752 men aged 65 years and older at baseline and after 7-year follow-up. Clinical level of depression (DEP) was defined as having either a score of 16 or higher on the Centre for Epidemiology Studies Depression scale or a diagnosis of current major depression on the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Lipid levels, apolipoprotein E, and serotonin transporter linked promoter region (5-serotonin transporter gene linked promoter region) genotypes were evaluated at baseline. RESULTS: Multivariate analyses adjusted by sociodemographic and behavioral variables, measures of physical health including ischemic pathologies, and genetic vulnerability indicated gender-specific associations between dyslipidemia and DEP, independent of the use of lipid-lowering agents or apolipoprotein E status. Men with low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels had twice the risk of prevalent and incident DEP, whereas in women low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found to be significantly associated with increased prevalent DEP (odds ratio = 1.5) only. A significant interaction was observed between low low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and 5-serotonin transporter gene linked promoter region genotype, men with s/s or s/l genotype being at increased risk of DEP (odds ratio = 6.0 and 2.7, respectively). No significant gene-environment interaction was observed for women. CONCLUSIONS: DEP is associated with higher atherogenic risk in women (low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), whereas the reverse is observed in men (low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Late-life depression may have a complex gender-specific etiology involving genetic vulnerability in men.
Published: 2010

27. Cortical folding in patients with bipolar disorder or unipolar depression

Author: Penttilae, Jani, Paillere-Martinot, Marie-Laure, Martinot, Jean-Luc, Ringuenet, Damien, Wessa, Michele, Houenou, Josselin, Gallarda, Thierry, FRANK BELLIVIER, Galinowski, Andre, Bruguiere, Pascale, Pinabel, Francois, Leboyer, Marion, Olie, Jean-Pierre, Duchesnay, Edouard, Artiges, Eric, Mangin, Jean-Francois, Cachia, Arnaud, Imagerie Cerebrale en Psychiatrie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), la maison des adolescents, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Département de psychiatrie et addictologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier, Département de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale ( IMRB ), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR10, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Physiologie et physiopathologie de la motricité chez l'homme, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -IFR70-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de médecine physique et de réadaptation [Paris], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Service de psychiatrie [Le Kremlin-Bicêtre], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Laboratoire de Neuroimagerie Assistée par Ordinateur ( LNAO ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), This study was supported in part by grants from the French National Agency for Research (ANP Neurosciences 2005, Psymarker project) and from the 'Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique, Délégation à la Recherche Clinique de l'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris' and the Health Ministry of France (PHRC/AOM-98099). MLPM was supported by an APHP-INSERM interface grant and an INSERM - PROGRESS grant. JP received personal grants from the Finnish Cultural Foundation and the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Finland. AC received post-doc grants from the INSERM. DR was supported by the 'Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale' and by the Atomic Energy Commission of France. MW was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Germany (We3638/1-1) and JH by a grant from the French National Academy of Medicine., Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR70-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de médecine physique et de réadaptation [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Laboratoire de Neuroimagerie Assistée par Ordinateur (LNAO), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Guellaen, Georges, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Male, MESH: Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Bipolar Disorder, MESH: Depressive Disorder, Drug Resistance, Functional Laterality, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Electroconvulsive Therapy, Antimanic Agents, MESH: Bipolar Disorder, MESH : Lithium Carbonate, MESH : Female, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Cerebral Cortex, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Antimanic Agents, Middle Aged, MESH : Adult, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH : Electroconvulsive Therapy, Antidepressive Agents, MESH : Antidepressive Agents, MESH: Drug Resistance, MESH : Cerebral Cortex, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH : Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Research Paper, Adult, MESH : Male, MESH : Antimanic Agents, Lithium Carbonate, MESH : Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH: Functional Laterality, MESH : Functional Laterality, MESH : Bipolar Disorder, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Depressive Disorder, MESH : Drug Resistance, MESH: Humans, MESH : Humans, MESH: Lithium Carbonate, MESH: Adult, MESH: Male, MESH: Cerebral Cortex, MESH : Depressive Disorder, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH: Antidepressive Agents, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Analysis of cortical folding may provide insight into neurodevelopment deviations, which, in turn, can predispose to depression that responds particularly poorly to medications. We hypothesized that patients with treatment-resistant depression would exhibit measurable alterations in cortical folding. METHODS: We computed hemispheric global sulcal indices (g-SIs) in T(1)-weighted magnetic resonance images obtained from 76 patients and 70 healthy controls. We separately searched for anatomic deviations in patients with bipolar disorder (16 patients with treatment-resistant depression, 25 with euthymia) and unipolar depression (35 patients with treatment-resistant depression). RESULTS: Compared with healthy controls, both groups of patients with treatment-resistant depression exhibited reduced g-SIs: in the right hemisphere among patients with bipolar disorder and in both hemispheres among those with unipolar depression. Patients with euthymic bipolar disorder did not differ significantly from depressed patients or healthy controls. Among patients with bipolar disorder who were taking lithium, we found positive correlations between current lithium dose and g-SIs in both hemispheres. LIMITATIONS: We cannot estimate the extent to which the observed g-SI reductions are linked to treatment resistance and to what extent they are state-dependent. Furthermore, we cannot disentangle the impact of medications from that of the affective disorder. Finally, there is interindividual variation and overlap of g-SIs among patients and healthy controls that need to be considered when interpreting our results. CONCLUSION: Reduced global cortical folding surface appears to be characteristic of patients with treatment-resistant depression, either unipolar or bipolar. In patients with bipolar disorder, treatment with lithium may modify cortical folding surface.
Published: 2009

28. Cannabidiol as a treatment for craving and relapse in individuals with cocaine use disorder: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial

Author: Didier Jutras-Aswad, Julie Bruneau, Suzanne Brissette, Simon Dubreucq, Violaine Mongeau-Pérusse, Guillaume Gazil, Patricia J. Conrod, Emmanuel Stip, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: Research Report, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Placebo-controlled study, Addiction, 030508 substance abuse, Medicine (miscellaneous), Craving, Placebo, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Superiority Trial, Cocaine, Recurrence, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Cannabidiol, 030212 general & internal medicine, Relapse, media_common, Research Reports (Alcohol‐Drugs‐Solvents‐Gambling‐Nicotine), business.industry, Bayes Theorem, 16. Peace & justice, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cocaine use, Female, medicine.symptom, 0305 other medical science, business, Human, medicine.drug
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a significant public health concern for which no efficacious pharmacological interventions are available. Cannabidiol (CBD) has attracted considerable interest as a promising treatment for addiction. This study tested CBD efficacy for reducing craving and preventing relapse in people with CUD. DESIGN: Single-site double-blind randomized controlled superiority trial comparing CBD with placebo. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal, Canada. Seventy-eight adults (14 women) with moderate to severe CUD participated. INTERVENTION: Participants were randomly assigned (1 : 1) by stratified blocks to daily 800 mg CBD (n = 40) or placebo (n = 38). They first underwent an inpatient detoxification phase lasting 10 days. Those who completed this phase entered a 12-week outpatient follow-up. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcomes were drug-cue-induced craving during detoxication and time-to-cocaine relapse during subsequent outpatient treatment. FINDINGS: During drug-cue exposure, craving scores [mean ± standard deviation (SD)] increased from baseline by 4.69 (2.89) versus 3.21 (2.78) points, respectively, in CBD (n = 36) and placebo (n = 28) participants [confidence interval (CI) = -0.33 to 3.04; P = 0.069; Bayes factor = 0.498]. All but three participants relapsed to cocaine by week 12 with similar risk for CBD (n = 34) and placebo (n = 27) participants (hazard ratio = 1.20, CI = 0.65-2.20, P = 0.51; Bayes factor = 0.152). CBD treatment was well tolerated and associated mainly with diarrhoea. CONCLUSIONS: CBD did not reduce cocaine craving or relapse among people being treated for CUD.
Published: 2021

29. The puzzle of quality of life in schizophrenia: putting the pieces together with the FACE-SZ cohort

Author: Eric Brunet-Gouet, Romain Rey, Christine Passerieux, Mathieu Urbach, Roxana-Mihaela Honciuc, Anne-Lise Bohec, Delphine Capdevielle, Sylvain Leigner, Myrtille André, Caroline Dubertret, Guillaume Fond, David Misdrahi, H. Laouamri, Bruno Aouizerate, Isabelle Chereau, Baptiste Pignon, Julien Dubreucq, Paul Roux, Julie Clauss, Fabrice Berna, Franck Schürhoff, Jasmina Mallet, Mickael Ehrminger, Christophe Lançon, Laboratoire de recherches cliniques et en santé publique sur les handicaps psychique, cognitif et moteur (HANDIReSP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), CHU Grenoble, Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: mediation analyses, Mediation (statistics), structural equation modeling, Structural equation modeling, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, medicine, Humans, Applied Psychology, Cognitive reserve, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Mechanism (biology), medicine.disease, humanities, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, quality of life, Schizophrenia, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Cohort, Schizophrenic Psychology, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract: BackgroundThe determinants of quality of life (QoL) in schizophrenia are largely debated, mainly due to methodological discrepancies and divergence about the concepts concerned. As most studies have investigated bi- or tri-variate models, a multivariate model accounting for simultaneous potential mediations is necessary to have a comprehensive view of the determinants of QOL. We sought to estimate the associations between cognitive reserve, cognition, functioning, insight, depression, schizophrenic symptoms, and QoL in schizophrenia and their potential mediation relationships.MethodsWe used structural equation modeling with mediation analyses to test a model based on existing literature in a sample of 776 patients with schizophrenia from the FondaMental Foundation FACE-SZ cohort.ResultsOur model showed a good fit to the data. We found better functioning to be positively associated with a better QoL, whereas better cognition, better insight, higher levels of depression, and schizophrenic symptoms were associated with a lower QoL in our sample. Cognitive reserve is not directly linked to QoL, but indirectly in a negative manner via cognition. We confirm the negative relationship between cognition and subjective QoL which was previously evidenced by other studies; moreover, this relationship seems to be robust as it survived in our multivariate model. It was not explained by insight as some suggested, thus the mechanism at stake remains to be explained.ConclusionThe pathways to subjective QoL in schizophrenia are complex and the determinants largely influence each other. Longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these cross-sectional findings.
Published: 2020

30. A comprehensive model of predictors of quality of life in older adults with schizophrenia: results from the CSA study

Author: Véronique Charlot, Léa Rotenberg, Vincent Camus, Franck Schürhoff, Frédéric Limosin, Caroline Dubertret, Pierre Vandel, Nicolas Hoertel, Carlos Blanco, Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'Hématologie, CRLCC Henri Becquerel, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), PHRC 2008-N11-01, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Henri Becquerel Normandie Rouen (CLCC Henri Becquerel), Département de psychiatrie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication - EA 3804 (CRESTIC), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Interactions cellulaires et moléculaires (ICM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IFR140-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Quality of life, medicine.medical_specialty, Health (social science), Social Psychology, Epidemiology, Population, Psychological intervention, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Schizoaffective disorder, Structural equation modeling, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, Elderly, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life (healthcare), Late-life, medicine, Humans, Antipsychotics, Cognitive Dysfunction, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, education.field_of_study, Depression, business.industry, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Older, Psychiatry and Mental health, Psychotic Disorders, Comprehensive model, Schizophrenia, Symptoms, Cohort, business, Antipsychotic Agents, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Numerous factors are known to influence quality of life of adults with schizophrenia. However, little is known regarding the potential predictors of quality of life in the increasing population of older adults with schizophrenia. The main objective of the present study was to propose a comprehensive model of quality of life in this specific population. Data were derived from the Cohort of individuals with Schizophrenia Aged 55 years or more (CSA) study, a large (N = 353) multicenter sample of older adults with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder recruited from French community mental-health teams. We used structural equation modeling to simultaneously examine the effects of six broad groups of clinical factors previously identified as potential predictors of quality of life in this population, including (1) severity of general psychopathology, (2) severity of depression, (3) severity of cognitive impairment, (4) psychotropic medications, (5) general medical conditions and (6) sociodemographic characteristics. General psychopathology symptoms, and in particular negative and depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, reduced overall functioning and low education were significantly and independently associated with diminished quality of life (all p
Published: 2020

31. Are school difficulties an early sign for mental disorder diagnosis and suicide prevention? A comparative study of individuals who died by suicide and control group

Author: Fabienne Ligier, Johanne Renaud, Monique Séguin, Charles-Édouard Giguère, Charles-Edouard Notredame, Alain Lesage, McGill Group for Suicide Studies [Montréal, Canada] (MGSS), Douglas Mental Health University Institute [Montréal], McGill University-McGill University, Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy (CPN), Service de Pédo-psychiatrie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Département de psychiatrie [Montréal], McGill University, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:RC435-571, Psychological intervention, Mental disorders, Suicide prevention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Forensic psychiatry, lcsh:Psychiatry, medicine, Child and adolescent psychiatry, Early childhood, Psychiatry, Mental disorder diagnosis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, 4. Education, lcsh:RJ1-570, lcsh:Pediatrics, medicine.disease, Mental health, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Substance abuse, Psychiatry and Mental health, Suicide, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, School difficulties, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Child and adolescent, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article
Abstract: Background Suicide is the third leading cause of death worldwide among youth aged 10- to 19, and mental disorders are often associated in the etiology of suicidal behavior. Mental disorders are often under-diagnosed and under-treated in young people, a situation likely to increase the severity of the disorder and suicide risk. Presence of school difficulties may, in some cases, be a consequence of mental disorder, and theses difficulties are observable. Therefore, early detection and early intervention of school difficulties may alleviate the development of mental disorders and suicide vulnerability. The aim of this study is to understand the link between school difficulties and suicide risk. Methods We used the data bank gathered by the McGill Group on Suicide Studies over the past two decades through interviews with the relatives of individuals who died by suicide and with individuals from the community as a control group. We included data on common sociodemographic characteristics, life events and mental health characteristics identified before age 18, among individuals who died before the age of 35 or were interviewed before the age of 35. We identified 200 individuals who died by suicide and 97 living controls. We compared groups according to gender and characteristics. Results Within the total sample, 74% were male, 13% had met with academic failure, 18% had engaged in inappropriate behavior at school, and 18% presented combined school difficulties. Combined school difficulties (academic failure and inappropriate behavior) for both sexes and academic failure alone for males were associated with higher suicide risk before the age of 35. School difficulties generally began in early childhood and were linked to mental disorders/difficulties and substance abuse before age 18. Conclusions This study underlines the importance for parents, teachers, and educators to identify children with school difficulties—academic failure and behavioral difficulties at school—as early as possible in order to be able to propose adapted interventions. Early identification and proper diagnosis may prevent chronicity of some disorders, accumulation of adverse events, and even suicide.
Published: 2020

32. Typologies of Canadian young adults who drive after cannabis use : a two-step cluster analysis

Author: Christophe Huỳnh, Alexis Beaulieu‐Thibodeau, Jean‐Sébastien Fallu, Jacques Bergeron, Alain Jacques, Serge Brochu, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. École de criminologie, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. École de psychoéducation, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: Adult, Canada, Adolescent, Driving under the influence, Automobile driving, Young Adult, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Typology, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Law, Cannabis, Risk-taking
Abstract: Young adults that drive after cannabis use (DACU) may not share all the same characteristics. This study aimed to iden-tify typologies of Canadians who engage in DACU. About 910 cannabis users with a driver's license (17–35years old) who have engaged in DACU completed an online question-naire. Two-step cluster analysis identified four subgroups, based on driving-related behaviors, cannabis use and related problems, and psychological distress. Complementary comparative analysis among the identified subgroups was performed as external validation. The identified subgroups were: (1) frequent cannabis users who regularly DACU; (2) individuals with generalized deviance with diverse risky road behaviors and high levels of psychological distress; (3) alco-hol and drug-impaired drivers who were also heavy frequent drinkers; and (4) well-adjusted youths with mild depres-sive-anxious symptoms. Individuals who engaged in DACU were not a homogenous group. When required, prevention and treatment need to be tailored according to the different profiles.
Published: 2022

33. Municipal regulation of cannabis and public health in Canada: A comparison of Alberta, Ontario, and Québec

Author: François Gagnon, Christophe Huynh, Michelle Kilborn, Michelle Fry, Rachel Vallée, Isidora Janezic, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. École de psychoéducation, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: Ontario, Canada, Bylaws, Quebec, Density, Public consumption, Municipalities, Store, Alberta, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Localization, Retailer, Humans, Legalization, Public Health, Outlet, Law, Land-use, health care economics and organizations, Cannabis
Abstract: Canada legalized nonmedical cannabis in October 2018, but significant variations in municipal regulations exist. This study explored the variations that exist and pondered their potential public health consequences. A comparative analysis was completed on the regulations and guidelines that addressed retailers' location and public consumption in the municipalities of Alberta, Ontario, and Québec. Municipal regulations that addressed the location of retailers were more numerous and extensive in Alberta and Ontario (in the context of provincial private retail models) than in Québec (government-based model). Municipalities in Alberta added more restrictions to public consumption laws as compared to municipalities in Ontario and in Québec. These additions were made to Alberta's and Ontario's provincial-level smoking and vaping bans which used tobacco-inspired frameworks, and to Québec's ban on smoking and vaping in all public spaces. The comparative analysis showed the importance of considering municipal cannabis regulations when studying the impact of legalization, given the significant variations that exist. Policy makers should be made aware of these variations in the regulation of cannabis in order to limit health harms and further social inequalities.
Published: 2022

34. Immuno-metabolic profile of patients with psychotic disorders and metabolic syndrome. Results from the FACE-SZ cohort

Author: Marianne Foiselle, Susana Barbosa, Ophélia Godin, Ching-Lien Wu, Wahid Boukouaci, Myrtille Andre, Bruno Aouizerate, Fabrice Berna, Caroline Barau, Delphine Capdevielle, Pierre Vidailhet, Isabelle Chereau, Laetitia Davidovic, Jean-Michel Dorey, Caroline Dubertret, Julien Dubreucq, Catherine Faget, Guillaume Fond, Sylvain Leigner, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Jasmina Mallet, David Misdrahi, Emanuela Martinuzzi, Christine Passerieux, Romain Rey, Baptiste Pignon, Mathieu Urbach, Franck Schürhoff, Nicolas Glaichenhaus, Marion Leboyer, Ryad Tamouza, F. Berna, E. Haffen, M. Leboyer, P.M. Llorca, F. Schürhoff, V. Barteau, S. Bensalem, O. Godin, H. Laouamri, K. Souryis, I. Offerlin-Meyer, B. Pignon, A. Szöke, B. Aouizerate, A. Deloge, D. Misdrahi, E. Vilà, O. Blanc, I. Chéreau, H. Denizot, R.M. Honciuc, D. Lacelle, S. Pires, C. Dubertret, J. Mallet, C. Portalier, J. Dubreucq, C. Fluttaz, F. Gabayet, C. Roman, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, T. D'Amato, J.M. Dorey, R. Rey, A. Vehier, C. Lançon, C. Faget, E. Metairie, P. Peri, F. Vaillant, L. Boyer, G. Fond, P. Vidailhet, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, D. Capdevielle, H. Yazbek, S. Esselin, M. Jarroir, C. Passerieux, M. Urbach, IMRB - 'Neuropsychiatrie translationnelle' [Créteil] (U955 Inserm - UPEC), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Université de Bordeaux (UB), Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Plateforme de Ressources Biologiques [Henri Mondor AP-HP, Créteil] (PRB), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale [CH Alpes Isère], Centre Hospitalier Alpes Isère, Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), We thank all the patients who participated in the study. The work wasfunded by grants from the International IF foundation (RT), AgenceNationale pour la Recherche (I-GIVE ANR-13-SAMA-0004-01) (RT),Fondation de France (NG), Fondation FondaMental and the UniversiteC^ote d’Azur (SB). Support from the European program EraNet Micro-Schiz and PerMedSchiZ, the LABEX BioPSY and the LABEX SIGNALIFE(ANR-11-LABX-0028-01), the FHU ADAPT and the FHU OncoAge aregratefully acknowledged, Collaborators FACE-SZ (FondaMental Academic Centers of Expertise for Schizophrenia) Groups: F Berna, E Haffen, M Leboyer, P M Llorca, F Schürhoff, V Barteau, S Bensalem, O Godin, H Laouamri, K Souryis, M Leboyer, I Offerlin-Meyer, B Pignon, F Schürhoff, A Szöke, B Aouizerate, A Deloge, D Misdrahi, E Vilà, O Blanc, I Chéreau, H Denizot, R M Honciuc, D Lacelle, P M Llorca, S Pires, C Dubertret, J Mallet, C Portalier, J Dubreucq, C Fluttaz, F Gabayet, C Roman, G Chesnoy-Servanin, T D'Amato, J M Dorey, R Rey, A Vehier, C Lançon, C Faget, E Metairie, P Peri, F Vaillant, L Boyer, G Fond, F Berna, P Vidailhet, A Zinetti-Bertschy, D Capdevielle, H Yazbek, S Esselin, M Jarroir, C Passerieux, M Urbach, ANR-13-SAMA-0004,I-GIVE,Immuno-Génétique, Inflammation, retro-Virus, Environnement : de l'étiopathogénie des troubles psychotiques aux modèles animaux(2013), ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011), CHU Henri Mondor, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Henri Mondor, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Davidovic, Laetitia, Santé Mentale et Addictions - Immuno-Génétique, Inflammation, retro-Virus, Environnement : de l'étiopathogénie des troubles psychotiques aux modèles animaux - - I-GIVE2013 - ANR-13-SAMA-0004 - SAMENTA - VALID, and Centres d'excellences - Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie - - SIGNALIFE2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0028 - LABX - VALID
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Inflammation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Machine learning, Precision medicine, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Psychosis, General Environmental Science
Abstract: International audience; Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent and harmful medical disorder often comorbid with psychosis where it can contribute to cardiovascular complications. As immune dysfunction is a key shared component of both MetS and schizophrenia (SZ), this study investigated the relationship between immune alterations and MetS in patients with SZ, whilst controlling the impact of confounding clinical characteristics including psychiatric symptoms and comorbidities, history of childhood maltreatment and psychotropic treatments.Method: A total of 310 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for SZ or schizoaffective disorders (SZA), with or without MetS, were systematically assessed and included in the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise for Schizophrenia (FACE-SZ) cohort. Detailed clinical characteristics of patients, including psychotic symptomatology, psychiatric comorbidities and history of childhood maltreatment were recorded and the serum levels of 18 cytokines were measured. A penalized regression method was performed to analyze associations between inflammation and MetS, whilst controlling for confounding factors.ResultsOf the total sample, 25% of patients had MetS. Eight cytokines were above the lower limit of detection (LLOD) in more than 90% of the samples and retained in downstream analysis. Using a conservative Variable Inclusion Probability (VIP) of 75%, we found that elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-7, IL-12/23 p40 and IL-16 and lower levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were associated with MetS. As for clinical variables, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diagnosis of SZ (not SZA), age at the first episode of psychosis (FEP), alcohol abuse, current tobacco smoking, and treatment with antidepressants and anxiolytics were all associated with MetS.Conclusion: We have identified five cytokines associated with MetS in SZ suggesting that patients with psychotic disorders and MetS are characterized by a specific “immuno-metabolic” profile. This may help to design tailored treatments for this subgroup of patients with both psychotic disorders and MetS, taking one more step towards precision medicine in psychiatry
Published: 2022

35. Reducing cannabis use in young adults with psychosis using iCanChange, a mobile health app : protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial (ReCAP-iCC)

Author: Ovidiu Tatar, Amal Abdel-Baki, Anne Wittevrongel, Tania Lecomte, Jan Copeland, Pamela Lachance-Touchette, Stephanie Coronado-Montoya, José Côté, David Crockford, Simon Dubreucq, Sophie L'Heureux, Clairélaine Ouellet-Plamondon, Marc-André Roy, Philip G Tibbo, Marie Villeneuve, Didier Jutras-Aswad, Université de Montréal. Faculté des sciences infirmières, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: Cannabis use disorder, CBT, Substance use, Psychological intervention, Cannabis misuse, Disorder, Self-management, Protocol, Dual diagnosis, Drug use, Mobile health, Substance, Interview, Cannabis, Outcome, Behavior, Motivational interviewing, Behavioral management, Teenager, General Medicine, Psychosis, Telemedicine, Marijuana, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Behavioral intervention, Young adult, mHealth, Randomized controlled trial, Schizophrenia, Mental health, eHealth, Smartphone, Drug, App, Digital health, Mobile phone, RCT
Abstract: Background Cannabis use is the most prevalent among adolescents and young adults; frequent consumption is associated with cannabis use disorder (CUD) and psychosis, with a high prevalence (up to 50%) of CUD in individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP). Early Intervention Services (EIS) for psychosis include face-to-face psychosocial interventions for CUD, because reducing or discontinuing cannabis use improves clinical and health care service use outcomes. However, multiple barriers (eg, staff availability and limited access to treatment) can hinder the implementation of these interventions. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions may help circumvent some of these barriers; however, to date, no study has evaluated the effects of mHealth psychological interventions for CUD in individuals with FEP. Objective This study describes the protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial using a novel mHealth psychological intervention (iCanChange [iCC]) to address CUD in young adults with FEP. iCC was developed based on clinical evidence showing that in individuals without psychosis, integrating the principles of cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, and behavioral self-management approaches are effective in improving cannabis use–related outcomes. Methods Consenting individuals (n=100) meeting the inclusion criteria (eg, aged 18-35 years with FEP and CUD) will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to the intervention (iCC+modified EIS) or control (EIS) group. The iCC is fully automatized and contains 21 modules that are completed over a 12-week period and 3 booster modules available during the 3-month follow-up period. Validated self-report measures will be taken via in-person assessments at baseline and at 6, 12 (end point), and 24 weeks (end of trial); iCC use data will be collected directly from the mobile app. Primary outcomes are intervention completion and trial retention rates, and secondary outcomes are cannabis use quantity, participant satisfaction, app use, and trial recruiting parameters. Exploratory outcomes include severity of psychotic symptoms and CUD severity. For primary outcomes, we will use the chi-square test using data collected at week 12. We will consider participation in iCC acceptable if ≥50% of the participants complete at least 11 out of 21 intervention modules and the trial feasible if attrition does not reach 50%. We will use analysis of covariance and mixed-effects models for secondary outcomes and generalized estimating equation multivariable analyses for exploratory outcomes. Results Recruitment began in July 2022, and data collection is anticipated to be completed in July 2024. The main results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2024. We will engage patient partners and other stakeholders in creating a multifaceted knowledge translation plan to reach a diverse audience. Conclusions If feasible, this study will provide essential data for a larger-scale efficacy trial of iCC on cannabis use outcomes in individuals with FEP and CUD. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05310981; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05310981 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/40817
Published: 2022

36. Valproate, divalproex, valpromide: Are the differences in indications justified?

Author: Clément Delage, Maeva Palayer, Bruno Etain, Monique Hagenimana, Nathan Blaise, Julie Smati, Margot Chouchana, Vanessa Bloch, Valérie C. Besson, Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Pharmacologie et toxicologie [AP-HP Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique [AP-HP HU Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand Widal] (HUSLS-LRB-FW), Hôpitaux Universitaires Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand-Widal, and Etain, Bruno
Subjects: Pharmacology, Mania, Valproate, Epilepsy, Valproic, Bipolar disorder, Divalproate, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, General Medicine, Valproate semisodium divalproex, Valpromide
Abstract: International audience; In many countries, valproate is indicated for epilepsy only, whereas its derivative divalproex (DVP) and valpromide (VPM) are indicated for bipolar disorders only. DVP is composed of sodium valproate and valproic acid (VA) in a 1:1 molar ratio and VPM is a prodrug completely hydrolyzed in the gastric tract to VA. Whatever the drug, the absorbed and active substance is the valproate ion. In this article, we reviewed the potential reasons that might justify these different indications. We performed a literature review of comparative studies of efficacy, pharmacokinetic parameters, side effects and costs for VPA, DVP, and VPM. We found only studies comparing VA with DVP. None of the eight efficacy studies found differences in epilepsy or mood disorders. The ten studies of side effects reported a difference in terms of gastrointestinal effects, but inconsistently. The United States (US) summary of product characteristics and kinetic comparison studies reported bioequivalence between DVP and VA, but a longer Tmax for DVP, likely due to its gastro-resistant galenic form. VPM summary of product characteristics and pharmacokinetic studies revealed a lower bioavailability (80% vs. 100% for VA) and a delayed Tmax. There is an additional cost for using DVP or VPM as compared to VA (respectively +177% and +77% in France). The differences in indications between valproate derivatives do not seem justified. Interchangeability between VA and DVP in bipolar disorders seems possible, at identical dosage. VPM would require a closer dosing schedule and a 20% reduction in dosage when switching to valproate.
Published: 2023

37. 3-year incidence and predictors of metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia in the national FACE-SZ cohort

Author: Godin, O., Pignon, B., Szoke, A., Boyer, L., Aouizerate, B., Schorr, B., André, M., Capdevielle, D., Chereau, I., Coulon, N., Dassing, R., Dubertret, C., Etain, B., Leignier, S., Llorca, P.M., Mallet, J., Misdrahi, D., Passerieux, C., Rey, R., Urbach, M., Schürhoff, F., Leboyer, M., Fond, G., Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale [CH Alpes Isère], Centre Hospitalier Alpes Isère, Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique [AP-HP HU Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand Widal] (HUSLS-LRB-FW), Hôpitaux Universitaires Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand-Widal, Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Etain, Bruno
Subjects: Male, Adult, Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Depressive disorders, Depression, Incidence, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Lipids, Metabolic syndrome, Antidepressive Agents, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Paroxetine, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Humans, schizophrenia, Female, Mental health, Prospective Studies, Biological Psychiatry
Abstract: International audience; Aims: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a major health epidemic of Western countries and patients with schizophrenia is a particularly vulnerable population due to lifestyle, mental illness and treatment factors. However, we lack prospective data to guide prevention. The aim of our study is then to determine MetS incidence and predictors in schizophrenia.Method: Participants were recruited in 10 expert centers at a national level and followed-up for 3 years. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Inverse probability weighting methods were used to correct for attrition bias.Results: Among the 512 participants followed-up for 3 years, 77.9% had at least one metabolic disturbance. 27.5% were identified with MetS at baseline and excluded from the analyses. Among the rest of participants (N = 371, mean aged 31.2 (SD = 9.1) years, with mean illness duration of 10.0 (SD = 7.6) years and 273 (73.6%) men), MetS incidence was 20.8% at 3 years and raised to 23.6% in tobacco smokers, 29.4% in participants receiving antidepressant prescription at baseline and 42.0% for those with 2 disturbed metabolic disturbances at baseline. Our multivariate analyses confirmed tobacco smoking and antidepressant consumption as independent predictors of MetS onset (adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 3.82 [1.27-11.45], p = 0.016, and aOR = 3.50 [1.26-9.70], p = 0.0158). Antidepressant prescription predicted more specifically increased lipid disturbances and paroxetine was associated with the highest risk of MetS onset.Conclusion: These results are an alarm call to prioritize MetS prevention and research in schizophrenia. We have listed interventions that should be actively promoted in clinical practice.
Published: 2023

38. Psychiatric and physical outcomes of long-term use of lithium in older adults with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: A cross-sectional multicenter study

Author: Elise Morlet, Jean-François Costemale-Lacoste, Emmanuel Poulet, Kibby McMahon, Nicolas Hoertel, Frédéric Limosin, J Adès, C Alezrah, I Amado, G Amar, O Andréi, D Arbault, G Archambault, G Aurifeuille, S Barrière, C Béra-Potelle, Y Blumenstock, H Bardou, M Bareil-Guérin, P Barrau, C Barrouillet, E Baup, N Bazin, B Beaufils, J Ben Ayed, M Benoit, K Benyacoub, T Bichet, F Blanadet, O Blanc, J Blanc-Comiti, D Boussiron, AM Bouysse, A Brochard, O Brochart, B Bucheron, M Cabot, V Camus, JM Chabannes, V Charlot, T Charpeaud, C Clad-Mor, C Combes, M Comisu, B Cordier, F Costi, JP Courcelles, M Creixell, H Cuche, C Cuervo-Lombard, A Dammak, D Da Rin, JB Denis, H Denizot, A Deperthuis, E Diers, S Dirami, D Donneau, P Dreano, C Dubertret, E Duprat, D Duthoit, C Fernandez, P Fonfrede, N Freitas, P Gasnier, J Gauillard, F Getten, F Gierski, F Godart, R Gourevitch, A Grassin Delyle, J Gremion, H Gres, V Griner, C Guerin-Langlois, C Guggiari, O Guillin, H Hadaoui, E Haffen, C Hanon, S Haouzir, C Hazif-Thomas, A Heron, B Hubsch, I Jalenques, D Januel, A Kaladjian, JF Karnycheff, O Kebir, MO Krebs, C Lajugie, M Leboyer, P Legrand, M Lejoyeux, V Lemaire, E Leroy, D Levy-Chavagnat, A Leydier, C Liling, PM Llorca, P Loeffel, P Louville, S Lucas Navarro, N Mages, M Mahi, O Maillet, A Manetti, C Martelli, P Martin, M Masson, I Maurs-Ferrer, J Mauvieux, S Mazmanian, E Mechin, L Mekaoui, M Meniai, A Metton, A Mihoubi, M Miron, G Mora, V Niro Adès, P Nubukpo, C Omnes, S Papin, P Paris, C Passerieux, J Pellerin, J Perlbarg, S Perron, A Petit, F Petitjean, C Portefaix, D Pringuey, A Radtchenko, H Rahiou, D Raucher-Chéné, A Rauzy, L Reinheimer, M Renard, M René, CE Rengade, P Reynaud, D Robin, C Rodrigues, A Rollet, F Rondepierre, B Rousselot, S Rubingher, G Saba, JP Salvarelli, JC Samuelian, C Scemama-Ammar, F Schurhoff, JP Schuster, D Sechter, B Segalas, T Seguret, AS Seigneurie, A Semmak, F Slama, S Taisne, M Taleb, JL Terra, D Thefenne, E Tran, R Tourtauchaux, MN Vacheron, P Vandel, V Vanhoucke, E Venet, H Verdoux, A Viala, G Vidon, M Vitre, JL Vurpas, C Wagermez, M Walter, L Yon, X. Zendjidjian, Service de psychiatrie [Le Kremlin-Bicêtre], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), PELLENC S.A., Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génomique et Médecine Personnalisée du Cancer et des Maladies Neuropsychiatriques (GPMCND), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), French Society for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology, Partenaires INRAE, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Fédération Française de Triathlon (FFTRI), Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service hospitalo-universitaire, centre hospitalier du Rouvray, 4, rue Paul-Eluard, 76300 Sotteville-lès-Rouen, France., CHRU Brest - Psychiatrie Adulte (CHU - Brest- Psychiatrie), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centres d'addictologies - Région Centre, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Unité de recherche clinique 93G03, établissement public de santé de Ville Evrard, 93330 Neuilly-sur-Marne, France., Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers (LPL), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Sonatrach Exploration, Monash University [Clayton], Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication - EA 3804 (CRESTIC), Clinique de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Department of Engineering Cybernetics [Trondheim] (ITK NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Jeune Equipe Hémopathogènes Vectorisés, VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Silicon-on-Insulator Technologies (SOITEC), Parc Technologique des Fontaines, Recherches en Psychopathologie, nouveaux symptômes et lien social (EA 4050), Université de Poitiers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université Catholique de l'Ouest (UCO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Agriculture et forêt méditerranéenne (UR AFAX), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Kantar – Health Division, Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis] (IRESA), Département de psychiatrie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universita degli studi di Genova, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Male, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Bipolar Disorder, Lithium (medication), Population, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Comorbidity, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, law.invention, Benzodiazepines, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Humans, Bipolar disorder, education, Psychiatry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Depressive Disorder, Major, education.field_of_study, Depression, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Antidepressive Agents, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Hospitalization, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Mood disorders, Tolerability, Schizophrenia, Lithium Compounds, Major depressive disorder, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Antipsychotic Agents, medicine.drug
Abstract: Although lithium is widely used in current practice to treat bipolar disorder (BD) and treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) among older adults, little is known about its efficacy and tolerability in this population, which is generally excluded from randomized clinical trials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of long-term use of lithium among older adults with BD and MDD.Data from the Cohort of individuals with Schizophrenia and mood disorders Aged 55 years or more (CSA) were used. Two groups of patients with BD and MDD were compared: those who were currently receiving lithium versus those who were not. The effects of lithium on psychiatric (i.e., depressive symptoms severity, perceived clinical severity, rates of psychiatric admissions in the past-year), geriatric (overall and cognitive functioning) and physical outcomes (i.e., rates of non-psychiatric medical comorbidities and general hospital admissions in the past-year) were evaluated. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, duration of disorder, diagnosis, smoking status, alcohol use, and use of antipsychotics, antiepileptics or antidepressants.Among the 281 older participants with BD or MDD, 15.7% were taking lithium for a mean duration of 12.5(SD = 11.6) years. Lithium use was associated with lower intensity of depressive symptoms, reduced perceived clinical global severity and lower benzodiazepine use (all p 0.05), without being linked to greater rates of medical comorbidities, except for hypothyroidism.Data were cross-sectional and data on lifetime history of psychotropic medications was not assessed.Our results suggest that long-term lithium use may be efficient and relatively well-tolerated in older adults with BD or treatment-resistant MDD.
Published: 2019

39. Striatal and Hippocampal Involvement in Motor Sequence Chunking Depends on the Learning Strategy

Author: Ovidiu Lungu, Yves Burnod, Geneviève Albouy, Oury Monchi, Thomas Jubault, Emanuelle Ballarin, Julien Doyon, Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle [Montréal] (UNF-CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montreal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Département de psychiatrie [Montréal], Donald Berman Maimonides Geriatric Center, Dpt Radiologie [Montréal], Dpt Psychologie [Montréal], Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Laboratoire d'imagerie fonctionnelle [Paris] (LIF), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Département de psychiatrie [Montréal, Canada], Laboratoire d'imagerie fonctionnelle [CHU Pitié-Salpétriêre] (LIF), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Robertson, Edwin
Subjects: Male, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, lcsh:Medicine, Hippocampus, Nervous System, Brain mapping, Learning and Memory, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Psychology, Cluster Analysis, lcsh:Science, Motor skill, Brain Mapping, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, Novelty, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Motor Skills, Female, Anatomy, Research Article, Adult, Cognitive Neuroscience, education, Neuroimaging, Biology, Temporal lobe, Motor Reactions, Young Adult, Chunking (psychology), Reaction Time, medicine, Learning, Humans, Neural correlates of consciousness, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, lcsh:R, Cognitive Psychology, Biology and Life Sciences, Corpus Striatum, Motor System, Cognitive Science, lcsh:Q, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Neuroscience, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract: Motor sequences can be learned using an incremental approach by starting with a few elements and then adding more as training evolves (e.g., learning a piano piece); conversely, one can use a global approach and practice the whole sequence in every training session (e.g., shifting gears in an automobile). Yet, the neural correlates associated with such learning strategies in motor sequence learning remain largely unexplored to date. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure the cerebral activity of individuals executing the same 8-element sequence after they completed a 4-days training regimen (2 sessions each day) following either a global or incremental strategy. A network comprised of striatal and fronto-parietal regions was engaged significantly regardless of the learning strategy, whereas the global training regimen led to additional cerebellar and temporal lobe recruitment. Analysis of chunking/grouping of sequence elements revealed a common prefrontal network in both conditions during the chunk initiation phase, whereas execution of chunk cores led to higher mediotemporal activity (involving the hippocampus) after global than incremental training. The novelty of our results relate to the recruitment of mediotemporal regions conditional of the learning strategy. Thus, the present findings may have clinical implications suggesting that the ability of patients with lesions to the medial temporal lobe to learn and consolidate new motor sequences may benefit from using an incremental strategy. ispartof: PLoS One vol:9 issue:8 ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2014

40. A Comparison of Different Approaches to Clinical Phenotyping of Lithium Response: A Proof of Principle Study Employing Genetic Variants of Three Candidate Circadian Genes

Author: Frank Bellivier, Mohamed Lajnef, Jan Scott, Bruno Etain, Cynthia Marie-Claire, Romain Icick, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique [AP-HP HU Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand Widal] (HUSLS-LRB-FW), Hôpitaux Universitaires Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand-Widal, and Marie-Claire, Cynthia
Subjects: phenotype, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Pharmaceutical Science, Computational biology, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Biology, Article, Pharmacy and materia medica, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Drug Discovery, medicine, genetics, Circadian rhythm, Bipolar disorder, Categorical variable, Gene, bipolar disorder, response, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Biomarker (cell), RS1-441, machine learning, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Genetic marker, Proof of concept, lithium, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Medicine, [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Molecular Medicine, circadian genes
Abstract: International audience; Optimal classification of the response to lithium (Li) is crucial in genetic and biomarker research. This proof of concept study aims at exploring whether different approaches to phenotyping the response to Li may influence the likelihood of detecting associations between the response and genetic markers. We operationalized Li response phenotypes using the Retrospective Assessment of Response to Lithium Scale (i.e., the Alda scale) in a sample of 164 cases with bipolar disorder (BD). Three phenotypes were defined using the established approaches, whilst two phenotypes were generated by machine learning algorithms. We examined whether these five different Li response phenotypes showed different levels of statistically significant associations with polymorphisms of three candidate circadian genes (RORA, TIMELESS and PPARGC1A), which were selected for this study because they were plausibly linked with the response to Li. The three original and two revised Alda ratings showed low levels of discordance (misclassification rates: 8–12%). However, the significance of associations with circadian genes differed when examining previously recommended categorical and continuous phenotypes versus machine-learning derived phenotypes. Findings using machine learning approaches identified more putative signals of the Li response. Established approaches to Li response phenotyping are easy to use but may lead to a significant loss of data (excluding partial responders) due to recent attempts to improve the reliability of the original rating system. While machine learning approaches require additional modeling to generate Li response phenotypes, they may offer a more nuanced approach, which, in turn, would enhance the probability of identifying significant signals in genetic studies.
Published: 2021

41. Manger à l’hôpital et en famille avec les adolescentes anorexiques : une lecture anthropologique du repas familial thérapeutique

Author: Marc-Antoine Podlipski, Jordan Sibeoni, Priscille Gerardin, M. Lasfar, Bojan Mirkovic, A. Raynal, Département de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Fédération hospitalo-universitaire de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent [CHU Rouen] (FHUPEA), Centre de Recherches sur les Fonctionnements et Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (CRFDP), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société (IRIHS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société (IRIHS)
Subjects: 050103 clinical psychology, Psychiatry and Mental health, 05 social sciences, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Developmental and Educational Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 050104 developmental & child psychology
Abstract: Resume L’hospitalisation des adolescentes anorexiques est frequemment longue et vient elle-meme s’articuler a une prise en charge qui a pu mobiliser plusieurs modalites de soins en amont. L’accompagnement de la famille dans le traitement de l’anorexie mentale a l’adolescence est un axe de travail fondamental dans le contexte de l’hospitalisation. Comme transition en fin de cette hospitalisation, la mise en place d’un repas familial therapeutique associant familles et soignants vient s’inscrire dans un rite de passage que l’hospitalisation va incarner pour l’adolescente malade et sa famille. Cet abord rituel, une reflexion socio-anthropologique, la question du statut de l’adolescent malade, en hospitalisation et dans sa famille, la transition entre l’hopital et la maison, la nature de la relation soignants–soignes, sont autant de themes permettant de comprendre l’interet singulier du repas familial therapeutique.
Published: 2019

42. Prenatal, concurrent, and sex-specific associations between blood lead concentrations and IQ in preschool Canadian children

Author: Tye E. Arbuckle, Michel Boivin, Nadine Forget-Dubois, Emmanuel Ouellet, William D. Fraser, Bruce P. Lanphear, Pierre Ayotte, Gina Muckle, Jean R. Séguin, Youssef Oulhote, Mireille Desrochers-Couture, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: Adult, Male, Canada, medicine.medical_specialty, Cord, Canadian children, Blood lead concentrations, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Sex differences, Humans, Medicine, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Intelligence Tests, lcsh:GE1-350, Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Intelligence quotient, business.industry, Obstetrics, Environmental Exposure, Venous blood, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Lead, Child, Preschool, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Cord blood, Cohort, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background: Lead exposure predicts altered neurodevelopment and lower intelligence quotient (IQ) in children, but few studies have examined this association in children who have relatively low blood lead concentrations. Objectives: To test the associations between blood lead concentrations and cognitive function in Canadian preschoolers, with a possible moderation by sex. Methods: The data were gathered from 609 mother-child pairs from the Maternal–Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study. Lead was measured in umbilical and maternal blood, and in children's venous blood at age 3–4 years. Cognitive function was measured with the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-III) at 3–4 years. We tested the relationship between WPPSI-III scores and blood lead concentrations with multiple linear regression, adding child sex as a moderator. Results: Median blood lead concentrations for the mother at 1st trimester and 3rd trimester of pregnancy, and for cord and child blood were 0.60 μg/dL, 0.58 μg/dL, 0.79 μg/dL and 0.67 μg/dL, respectively. We found no association between cord blood lead concentrations and WPPSI-III scores in multivariable analyses. However, cord blood lead concentrations showed a negative association with Performance IQ in boys but not in girls (B = 3.44; SE = 1.62; 95% CI: 0.82, 5.98). No associations were found between WPPSI-III scores and prenatal maternal blood or concurrent child blood lead concentrations. Conclusions: Prenatal blood lead concentrations below 5 μg/dL were still associated with a decline in cognitive function in this Canadian cohort, but only for boys. Keywords: Blood lead concentrations, Sex differences, Intelligence quotient, Canadian children
Published: 2018

43. The 3D-Transition study : objectives, methods, and implementation of an innovative planned missing data design

Author: Sophie Parent, Michel Boivin, Isabelle Marc, Gina Muckle, Catherine M. Herba, Natalie Castellanos-Ryan, Charlie Rioux, Jean R. Séguin, Isabelle Archambault, Sonia J. Lupien, William D. Fraser, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: Male, Gerontology, School, Evidence-based practice, Hydrocortisone, Epidemiology, Stress, Cortisol, Life Change Events, Child Development, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Pregnancy, Health care, medicine, Humans, Family, Longitudinal Studies, Schools, business.industry, Internalizing, Infant, Cognition, medicine.disease, Child development, Mental health, Childhood, Externalizing, Mental Health, Child, Preschool, Epidemiologic Research Design, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Community health, Cohort, Longitudinal, Female, Psychology, business, Stress, Psychological
Abstract: The prevalence of mental health problems represents a significant burden on school and community health resources as early as preschool. Reducing this burden requires a better understanding of the developmental mechanisms linking children’s early vulnerabilities with mental health after the transition to formal schooling. The 3D-Transition Study (2017–2021) follows 939 participants from a pregnancy cohort in the province of Québec, Canada, as they transition to kindergarten and first grade to examine these mechanisms. Biannual assessments include completed questionnaires from 2 parents as well as teachers, parent-child observations, anthropometric measurements, and age-sensitive cognitive assessments. Saliva is also collected on 11 days over a 16-month period in a subsample of 384 participants to examine possible changes in child salivary cortisol levels across the school transition and their role in difficulties observed during the transition. A combination of planned missing-data designs is being implemented to reduce participant burden, where incomplete data are collected without introducing bias after the use of multiple imputation. The 3D-Transition Study will contribute to an evidence-based developmental framework of child mental health from pregnancy to school age. In turn, this framework can help inform prevention programs delivered in health-care settings during pregnancy and in child-care centers, preschools, and schools.
Published: 2021

44. Technology-based psychological interventions for young adults with early psychosis and cannabis use disorder : qualitative study of patient and clinician perspectives

Author: Stephanie Coronado-Montoya, Ovidiu Tatar, Violaine Mongeau-Pérusse, Amal Abdel-Baki, Vivianne Landry, Nelson Arruda, Navdeep Kaur, Didier Jutras-Aswad, Christophe Tra, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: Stress management, Application, medicine.medical_treatment, Cannabis use disorder, Motivational interviewing, Psychological intervention, lcsh:Medicine, Medicine (miscellaneous), Contingency management, Health Informatics, Intervention, Clinician, 03 medical and health sciences, Social support, 0302 clinical medicine, Acceptability, Cannabis misuse, medicine, Psychoeducation, Psychology, Dual diagnosis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Original Paper, lcsh:R, Technology-based, Psychosis, Telemedicine, 030227 psychiatry, Computer Science Applications, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Young adult, mHealth, Schizophrenia, eHealth, Smartphone, Qualitative, Digital health, Mobile phone, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Background The persistence of cannabis use disorder (CUD) in young adults with first-episode psychosis (FEP) is associated with poor clinical and functional outcomes. Face-to-face psychological interventions are effective in treating CUD. However, their use in early intervention services (EISs) for psychosis is inconsistent because of barriers, including high workload and heterogeneity in training of clinicians and lack of motivation for treatment among patients. Tailoring new technology-based psychological interventions (TBPIs) to overcome these barriers is necessary to ensure their optimal acceptability. Objective The aim of this study is twofold: to explore psychological intervention practices and intervention targets that are relevant for treating CUD in individuals with early psychosis and to explore factors related to the development and implementation of a technology-assisted psychological intervention. Methods A total of 10 patients undergoing treatment for FEP and CUD in EISs participated in a focus group in June 2019. Semistructured individual interviews were conducted with 10 clinicians working in first-episode clinics in the province of Québec, Canada. A hybrid inductive-deductive approach was used to analyze data. For the deductive analysis, we used categories of promoting strategies found in the literature shown to increase adherence to web-based interventions for substance use (ie, tailoring, reminders, delivery strategies, social support, and incentives). For the inductive analysis, we identified new themes through an iterative process of reviewing the data multiple times by two independent reviewers. Results Data were synthesized into five categories of factors that emerged from data collection, and a narrative synthesis of commonalities and differences between patient and clinician perspectives was produced. The categories included attitudes and beliefs related to psychological interventions (eg, behavioral stage of change), strategies for psychological interventions (eg, motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, psychoeducation, stress management), incentives (eg, contingency management), general interest in TBPIs (eg, facilitators and barriers of TBPIs), and tailoring of TBPIs (eg, application needs and preferences, outcome measures of interest for clinicians). Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive portrait of the multifaceted needs and preferences of patients and clinicians related to TBPIs. Our results can inform the development of smartphone- or web-based psychological interventions for CUD in young adults with early psychosis.
Published: 2021

45. Abstracts of posters and platform sessions accepted for virtual presentation at the 2020 Annual Meeting of the Society for developmental and behavioral pediatrics. Pubertal development and adolescent alcohol use : a prospective study on the role of sensation seeking and impulsivity. Abstract 46

Author: Rioux, Charlie, Castellanos Ryan, Natalie, Parent, Sophie, Vitaro, Frank, Tremblay, Richard Ernest, Séguin, Jean, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. École de psychoéducation, Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de pédiatrie, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Published: 2021

46. Psychiatric autoimmune conditions in children and adolescents: Is catatonia a severity marker?

Author: Tiziana Granata, Angèle Consoli, Elise Riquin, Nardo Nardocci, Renaud Jardri, Huges Pellerin, Xavier Benarous, David Cohen, Claire Corfiotti, Priscille Gerardin, Vladimir Ferrafiat, Zahir Amoura, Philippe Duverger, Elena Freri, François Medjkane, Julien Haroche, Marie Raffin, Alessandra Tozzo, Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (SPEA), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Département de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université d'Angers (UA), Institut E3M [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique (ISIR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abord dimensionnel des épisodes phychotiques de l'enfant et de l'adolescent : implications génétiques, métaboliques et auto-immunes (PSYDEV), Sorbonne Université (SU), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Male, Psychosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Catatonia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hashimoto Disease, Severity of Illness Index, Autoimmune Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Acute onset, medicine, Humans, Child, Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Retrospective Studies, Pharmacology, Immunosuppressive treatment, Autoimmune encephalitis, High prevalence, business.industry, Mental Disorders, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Encephalitis, Female, Autoimmune condition, business
Abstract: Patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) are likely to exhibit an acute onset of severe psychiatric features, including psychosis and/or catatonia. Based on the high prevalence of catatonia in AE and our clinical experience, we hypothesized that catatonia might be a marker of severity requiring more aggressive treatment approaches.To reach a sufficient number of cases with brain-autoimmune conditions, we pooled two samples (N = 58): the first from the French National Network of Rare Psychiatric diseases and the second from the largest Italian neuro-pediatrics center for encephalopathies. Autoimmune conditions were diagnosed using a multidisciplinary approach and numerous paraclinical investigations. We retrospectively compared patients with and without catatonia for psychiatric and non-psychiatric clinical features, biological and imaging assessments, type of immunotherapy used and outcomes.The sample included 25 patients (43%) with catatonia and 33 (57%) without catatonia. Forty-two patients (72.4%) had a definite AE (including 27 anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis) and 16 (27.6%) suspected autoimmune encephalitis. Patients with catatonia showed significantly more psychotic features [18 (72%) vs 9 (27.3%), p 0.001)] and more movement disorders [25 (100%) vs 20 (60.6%), p 0.001] than patients without catatonia. First line (corticoids, immunoglobulin and plasma exchanges) and second line (e.g., rituximab) therapies were more effective in patients with catatonia, with 24 (96%) vs 22 (66.7%) (p = 0.006) and 17 (68%) vs 9 (27.3%) (p = 0.002), respectively. However, those with catatonia received more combinations of first and second line treatments and had more relapses during outcomes.Despite its exploratory design, the study supports the idea that autoimmune catatonia may be a marker of severity and morbidity in terms of initial presentation and relapses, requiring the need for early and aggressive treatment.
Published: 2021

47. Association between recurrent dreams, disturbing dreams and suicidal ideation in adolescents

Author: Sophie Parent, Mira El Hourani, Johanne Renaud, Antonio Zadra, Aline Gauchat, Richard E. Tremblay, Jean R. Séguin, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. École de psychoéducation, Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de pédiatrie, and Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie
Subjects: Dreaming, Adolescent psychology, 05 social sciences, 050105 experimental psychology, humanities, Adolescence, Nightmares, Suicidal ideation, Recurrent dreams, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, medicine.symptom, Association (psychology), Psychology, Self report, General Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Disturbing dreams and recurrent dreams have both been linked to a wide range of psychological difficulties in children. There is growing evidence that the experience of frequent disturbing dreams is associated with suicidal ideation in adults but studies in young adolescents have been limited and the results inconsistent. In addition, the possible relationship between suicidal ideation and recurrent dreams has yet to be studied. We thus investigated the relation between disturbing dreams, recurrent dreams and suicidal ideation in a sample of young adolescents. Self-report measures of disturbing dream frequency, recurrent dream frequency, and suicidal ideation were collected at age 12 years and again at age 13 years from 170 children from a prospective population-based birth cohort. While the rate of disturbing dreams and recurrent dreams dropped between ages 12 and 13, the rate of self-reported suicidal ideation increased between the ages of 12 and 13 years. Analyses taking sex and age into account revealed that young adolescents who reported having had suicidal thoughts over the past year had significantly greater frequencies of disturbing dreams and of recurrent dreams than adolescents who had not thought about suicide. These findings highlight the potential clinical value of assessing disturbing and recurrent dreams as part of the screening process for suicidal ideation in young adolescents.
Published: 2021

48. Late-onset and nonlate-onset schizophrenia: A comparison of clinical characteristics in a multicenter study

Author: Passerieux, C., Pellerin, J., Perlbarg, J., Perron, S., Petit, A., Petitjean, F., Portefaix, C., Pringuey, D., Radtchenko, A., Rahiou, H., Raucher-Chene, D., Rauzy, A., Reinheimer, L., Renard, M., Rene, M., Rengade, C. E., Reynaud, P., Robin, D., Rodrigues, C., Rollet, A., Rondepierre, F., Rousselot, B., Rubingher, S., Saba, G., Salvarelli, J. P., Samuelian, J. C., Scemama-Ammar, C., Schurhoff, F., Schuster, J. P., Sechter, D., Segalas, B., Seguret, T., Seigneurie, A. S., Semmak, A., Slama, F., Taisne, S., Taleb, M., Terra, J. L., Thefenne, D., Tran, E., Tourtauchaux, R., Vacheron, M. N., Vanhoucke, V., Venet, E., Verdoux, H., Viala, A., Vidon, G., Vitre, M., Vurpas, J. L., Wagermez, C., Walter, M., Zendjidjian, X., Abou Kassm, Sandra, Limosin, Frederic, Naja, Wadih, Vandel, Pierre, Sanchez-Rico, Marina, Alvarado, Jesus M., Gunten, Armin, Hoertel, Nicolas, Ades, J., Alezrah, C., Amado, I, Amar, G., Andrei, O., Arbault, D., Archambault, G., Aurifeuille, G., Barriere, S., Bera-Potelle, C., Blumenstock, Y., Bardou, H., Bareil-Guerin, M., Barrau, P., Barrouillet, C., Baup, E., Bazin, N., Beaufils, B., Ben Ayed, J., Benoit, M., Benyacoub, K., Bichet, T., Blanadet, F., Blanc, O., Blanc-Comiti, J., Boussiron, D., Bouysse, A. M., Brochard, A., Brochart, O., Bucheron, B., Cabot, M., Camus, V, Chabannes, J. M., Charlot, V, Charpeaud, T., Clad-Mor, C., Combes, C., Comisu, M., Cordier, B., Costi, F., Courcelles, J. P., Creixell, M., Cuche, H., Cuervo-Lombard, C., Dammak, A., da Rin, D., Denis, J. B., Denizot, H., Deperthuis, A., Diers, E., Dirami, S., Donneau, D., Dreano, P., Dubertret, C., Duprat, E., Duthoit, D., Fernandez, C., Fonfrede, P., Freitas, N., Gasnier, P., Gauillard, J., Getten, F., Gierski, Fabien, Godart, F., Gourevitch, R., Delyle, Grassin A., Gremion, J., Gres, H., Griner, V, Guerin-Langlois, C., Guggiari, C., Guillin, O., Hadaoui, H., Haffen, E., Haouzir, S., Hanon, C., Hazif-Thomas, C., Heron, A., Hubsch, B., Jalenques, I, Januel, D., Kaladjian, A., Karnycheff, J. F., Kebir, O., Krebs, M. O., Lajugie, C., Leboyer, M., Legrand, P., Lejoyeux, M., Lemaire, V, Leroy, E., Levy-Chavagnat, D., Leydier, A., Liling, C., Llorca, P. M., Loeffel, P., Louville, P., Navarro, Lucas S., Mages, N., Mahi, M., Maillet, O., Manetti, A., Martelli, C., Martin, P., Masson, M., Maurs-Ferrer, I, Mauvieux, J., Mazmanian, S., Mechin, E., Mekaoui, L., Meniai, M., Metton, A., Mihoubi, A., Miron, M., Mora, G., Ades, Niro, Nubukpo, P., Omnes, C., Papin, S., Paris, P., Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Weizenbaum Institut [Berlin], Monash University [Clayton], Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication - EA 3804 (CRESTIC), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Clinique de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Department of Engineering Cybernetics [Trondheim] (ITK NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Agence nationale de la sécurité des systèmes d'information (ANSSI), Jeune Equipe Hémopathogènes Vectorisés, VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Silicon-on-Insulator Technologies (SOITEC), Parc Technologique des Fontaines, Recherches en Psychopathologie, nouveaux symptômes et lien social (EA 4050), Université de Poitiers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université Catholique de l'Ouest (UCO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies [Lisboa] (CBIOS), Universidade Lusófona's, PHysicochimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX (PHENIX), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation de la matière condensée et des interfaces (MMCI), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kantar – Health Division, Partenaires INRAE, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Soins Primaires, Santé Publique, Registre des cancers de Bretagne Occidentale (EA7479 SPURBO), Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO), Service de Psychiatrie, Hôpital de la Conception, Piici, UMR 7298, Aix-Marseille Université-CNRS, Marseille, France, Hôpital Corentin Celton [Issy-les-Moulineaux], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Département de psychiatrie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), PELLENC S.A., Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French Society for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Unité de recherche Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Fédération Française de Triathlon (FFTRI), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU ESPRIT, service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, Inserm U1266, 178, rue des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes, France, UFR de Médecine Paris Nord, Université de Paris, 16, rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France., Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Groupe de Recherche sur l'alcool et les pharmacodépendances - UMR INSERM_S 1247 (GRAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génomique et Médecine Personnalisée du Cancer et des Maladies Neuropsychiatriques (GPMCND), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service hospitalo-universitaire, centre hospitalier du Rouvray, 4, rue Paul-Eluard, 76300 Sotteville-lès-Rouen, France., CHRU Brest - Psychiatrie Adulte (CHU - Brest- Psychiatrie), Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche clinique 93G03, établissement public de santé de Ville Evrard, 93330 Neuilly-sur-Marne, France., Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers (LPL), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupement de recherche en Psychiatrie (GDR Psychiatrie (3557)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), CB - Centre Borelli - UMR 9010 (CB), Service de Santé des Armées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hôpital Paul Brousse, Digitéo, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes (RiverLy), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sonatrach Exploration, and Centre Hospitalier Victor Jousselin de Dreux
Subjects: Psychosis, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Late onset, Schizoaffective disorder, Comorbidity, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Psychotic Disorders, Quality of life, Schizophrenia, Quality of Life, medicine, Humans, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Aged, Diagnosis of schizophrenia
Abstract: International audience; Objectives Data are scarce regarding the potential clinical differences between non-late onset schizophrenia (NLOS, i.e., disorder occurring before 40 years of age), late-onset schizophrenia (LOS, occurring between ages 40 and 60 years) and very-late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis (VLOSLP, occurring after 60 years of age). Furthermore, previous research compared LOS patients with non-age matched NLOS patients. In this study, we sought to examine potential clinical differences between patients of similar age with LOS and NLOS. Methods/Design This is a cross-sectional multicentre study that recruited in- and outpatients older adults (aged >= 55 years) with an ICD-10 diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder with NLOS and LOS. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidity, psychotropic medications, quality of life, functioning, and mental health care utilization were drawn for comparison. Results Two hundred seventy-two participants (79.8%) had NLOS, 61 (17.9%) LOS, and 8 (2.3%) VLOSLP. LOS was significantly and independently associated with greater severity of emotional withdrawal and lower severity of depression (all p < 0.05). However, the magnitude of these associations was modest, with significant adjusted odds ratios ranging from 0.71 to 1.24, and there were no significant between-group differences in other characteristics. Conclusion In an age-matched multicenter sample of elderly patients with schizophrenia, older adults with LOS were largely similar to older adults with NLOS in terms of clinical characteristics. The few differences observed may be at least partially related to symptom fluctuation with time. Implications of these findings for pharmacological and nonpharmacological management is yet to be determined.
Published: 2021

49. Minimum clinically important differences for the Functioning Assessment Short Test and a battery of neuropsychological tests in bipolar disorders: results from the FACE-BD cohort

Author: Caroline Dubertret, P. Courtet, Mickael Ehrminger, Eric Brunet-Gouet, Paul Roux, Franck Bellivier, Jean-Pierre Kahn, Thierry Bougerol, Emilie Olié, Bruno Etain, Christine Passerieux, Bruno Aouizerate, M. Leboyer, Valerie Aubin, J.M. Azorin, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace de Monaco (CHPG), Monaco, Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie - [Hôpital Sainte Marguerite - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Fondation Santé des Etudiants de France, Université de Lorraine (UL), Psychiatrie et Neurologie personnalisées [AP-HP Hôpital Henri-Mondor] (DHU PePsy), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Faculté de médecine (UPEC Médecine), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Psychiatrie Translationnelle (Equipe 15), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Réseau de coopération scientifique en santé mentale, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]-Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, King‘s College London, ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), ANR-10-COHO-0010,Psy-COH,FondaMental-Cohortes(2010), HAL UVSQ, Équipe, Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche - - SUPER2011 - ANR-11-IDEX-0004 - IDEX - VALID, Cohortes - FondaMental-Cohortes - - Psy-COH2010 - ANR-10-COHO-0010 - COHO - VALID, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud )-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Male, cognition, medicine.medical_specialty, Bipolar Disorder, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Global Assessment of Functioning, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Neuropsychological Tests, working memory, memory, 03 medical and health sciences, Executive Function, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, minimal clinical important differences, mental disorders, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, medicine, Reaction Time, Humans, Attention, 030212 general & internal medicine, Social Behavior, business.industry, Minimal clinically important difference, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Neuropsychology, speed processing, Cognition, Original Articles, Executive functions, executive functions, humanities, 030227 psychiatry, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychiatry and Mental health, Standard error, Cross-Sectional Studies, Memory, Short-Term, social functioning, bipolar disorders, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Cohort, Observational study, Female, business, Cognition Disorders
Abstract: Aims Establishing the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in functioning and cognition is essential to the interpretation of the research and clinical work conducted in bipolar disorders (BD). The present study aimed to estimate the MCID for the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) and a battery of neuropsychological tests in BD. Methods Anchor-based and distributive methods were used to estimate the MCID for the FAST and cognition using data from a large, multicentre, observational cohort of individuals with BD. The FAST and cognition were linked with the Clinical Global Impressions Scale-Severity (CGI-S) and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) using an equipercentile method. The magnitude of the standard error measurement (s.e.m.) provided another estimate of the MCID. Results In total, 570 participants were followed for 2 years. Cross-sectional CGI-S and GAF scores were linked to a threshold ⩽7 on the FAST for functional remission. The MCID for the FAST equalled 8- or 9-points change from baseline using the CGI-S and GAF. One s.e.m. on the FAST corresponded to 7.6-points change from baseline. Cognitive variables insufficiently correlated with anchor variables (all ρ s.e.m. for cognitive variables corresponded to a range of 0.45 to 0.93-s.d. change from baseline. Conclusions These findings support the value of the estimated MCID for the FAST and cognition and may be a useful tool to evaluate cognitive and functional remediation effects and improve patient functional outcomes in BD. The CGI-S and GAF were inappropriate anchors for cognition. Further studies may use performance-based measures of functioning instead.
Published: 2020

50. Alterations in nicotinic receptor alpha5 subunit gene differentially impact early and later stages of cocaine addiction: a translational study in transgenic rats and patients

Author: Morgane Besson, Benoit Forget, Marc Gielen, Marie S. Prevost, Jonathan Robert, Uwe Maskos, Florence Vorspan, Pierre-Jean Corringer, Frank Bellivier, Romain Icick, Caroline Correia, Neurobiologie intégrative des Systèmes cholinergiques / Integrative Neurobiology of Cholinergic Systems (NISC), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Sorbonne Université (SU), Récepteurs Canaux - Channel Receptors, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], This work was supported by the Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 3571, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (SPF20140129365, DPA20140629803 and EQU201903007822), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), Neuroscience 'SNP-NIC' and BLANC, LABEX BIO-PSY, FP7 ERANET program NICO-GENE grant agreement convention ANR n° 2010-NEUR-004-01, European Commission FP7 RTD Project HEALTH-2009-Neurocyp.08-202088 grant 242167, French National Cancer Institute grant CANCEROPOLE IDF 2016-1-TABAC-01-IP-1 MASKOS, European ERANET programme iPS&BRAIN (all to U.M.). The laboratory of U.M. is part of the Ecole des Neurosciences de Paris Ile-de-France RTRA network. R.I., U.M., P-J.C, F.V. and F.B. are members of the LABEX BIO-PSY. This work was supported by French state funds managed by the ANR within the Investissements d’Avenir programme under reference ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02, and by the Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique (PHRC) from the French Ministry of Health (AOM10165)., The authors are thankful to the Direction de le Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation from the Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris that acted as the study promotor, and to Pr Georges Brousse (Clermont-Ferrand), Dr Maeva Fortias, Ms Emily Karsinti, Dr Vanessa Bloch (CSAPA Murger Paris), Dr Cyrille Orizet (CSAPA Monte Christo, Paris), Dr Philippe Coeuru (CSAPA Aurore-EGO, Paris), Pr Olivier Cottencin (Lille), Dr Philippe Batel (Clichy), Dr Alice Deschesneau (CSAPA Liberté, Ivry), Dr Philipppe Lack (Lyon), Dr Aurélia Gay (St Etienne) and Dr Trabut (Limeil-Brevannes) who helped collecting the data, and to the patients who participated. The genetic study in humans was designed and conducted during a ‘Poste d’accueil’ research fellowship from Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris and LABEX BIO-PSY obtained by R.I., ANR-10-NEUR-0004,NICO-GENE(2010), ANR-17-CE16-0016,SNP-NIC,Les polymorphismes humains du récepteur nicotinique---Modélisation de leur rôle dans des rats et souris transgénique(2017), ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), European Project: 242167,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2009-two-stage,SYNSYS(2010), Laatabi, Rhizlane, Appel à projets transnational sur les maladies neurodégénératives, dans le cadre de l'ERAnet NEURON - - NICO-GENE2010 - ANR-10-NEUR-0004 - ERAnet NEURON - VALID, Les polymorphismes humains du récepteur nicotinique---Modélisation de leur rôle dans des rats et souris transgénique - - SNP-NIC2017 - ANR-17-CE16-0016 - AAPG2017 - VALID, Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche - - SUPER2011 - ANR-11-IDEX-0004 - IDEX - VALID, Synaptic Systems: dissecting brain function in health and disease - SYNSYS - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2010-07-01 - 2014-12-31 - 242167 - VALID, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Candidate gene, nicotinic receptors, nucleus accumbens, media_common.quotation_subject, Protein subunit, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Nucleus accumbens, Receptors, Nicotinic, human polymorphisms, 03 medical and health sciences, Cocaine-Related Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, Cocaine, Recurrence, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, transgenic rats, Receptor, media_common, relapse, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, General Neuroscience, Addiction, CHRNA5, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Rats, cocaine use disorder, 030104 developmental biology, Nicotinic agonist, Endocrinology, biology.protein, Rats, Transgenic, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Cocaine addiction is a chronic and relapsing disorder with an important genetic component. Human candidate gene association studies showed that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs16969968 in the α5 subunit (α5SNP) of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), previously associated with increased tobacco dependence, was linked to a lower prevalence of cocaine use disorder (CUD). Three additional SNPs in the α5 subunit, previously shown to modify α5 mRNA levels, were also associated with CUD, suggesting an important role of the subunit in this pathology. To investigate the link between this subunit and CUD, we submitted rats knockout for the α5 subunit gene (α5KO), or carrying the α5SNP, to cocaine self-administration (SA) and showed that the acquisition of cocaine-SA was impaired in α5SNP rats while α5KO rats exhibited enhanced cocaine-induced relapse associated with altered neuronal activity in the nucleus accumbens. In addition, we observed in a human cohort of patients with CUD that the α5SNP was associated with a slower transition from first cocaine use to CUD. We also identified a novel SNP in the β4 nAChR subunit, part of the same gene cluster in the human genome and potentially altering CHRNA5 expression, associated with shorter time to relapse to cocaine use in patients. In conclusion, the α5SNP is protective against CUD by influencing early stages of cocaine exposure while CHRNA5 expression levels may represent a biomarker for the risk to relapse to cocaine use. Drugs modulating α5 containing nAChR activity may thus represent a novel therapeutic strategy against CUD.
Published: 2020

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